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Xiong H, Yang Y, Guo W, Yuan J, Yang W, Gao M. Study on quality difference between Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC and Iris tectorum Maxim. based on chemical chromatogram analysis, biological activity evaluation and in vivo distribution rule. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117091. [PMID: 37634753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. (BC) and Iris tectorum Maxim. (ITM) have been widely used in recent years due to their remarkable curative effects on sore throat, cough and asthma. but they are often misused due to their similar appearance. A comprehensive comparison of the chemical composition, biological activity, pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution between the two active differential components has not been performed. Differences in their specific effects have not been fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This work aims at differentiating between BC and ITM in terms of appearance, chemical composition, biological activity, pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the HPLC-FP method was used to find the differences between the chemical components of BC and ITM. The pharmacological experiments were used to compare the differences in activity, including in vitro anti-inflammatory activity with LPS-induced inflammation model of RAW 264.7 cells, inhibition of AChE activity, and the regulation of isolated small intestinal smooth muscle in mice. The pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution profiles were used to analyze the differences between the two in rats. RESULTS The types of isoflavones in BC and ITM are basically the same, but their contents in ITM is much higher than that in BC. At the same doses, the release of TNF-α, NO, IL-1β and IL-6 from RAW 264.7 cells in the ITM group was lower than that of the BC group, and the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of ITM was stronger than that of BC. Meanwhile, ITM had stronger inhibition ability to inhibit AChE activity than BC. The BC extract exhibited an inhibitory effect on the isolated small intestinal smooth muscle of mice, and the ITM extract showed stimulatory effect at low concentration and inhibitory effect at high concentration. There were significant differences in drug-time profiles, kinetic parameters and tissue distribution. CONCLUSIONS There are significant differences in the multidimensional aspects of appearance, chemical composition, biological activity, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution between BC and ITM. This study provides a theoretical basis for the quality control, pharmacological efficacy and clinical application of the two herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuanfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenhui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinbin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Wuliang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China.
| | - Meng Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China.
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Xiang T, Zou Y, Jiang X, Xu L, Zhang L, Zhou C, Hu Y, Ye X, Yang XD, Jiang X, Zheng Y. Irisflorentin promotes bacterial phagocytosis and inhibits inflammatory responses in macrophages during bacterial infection. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23225. [PMID: 38170002 PMCID: PMC10758777 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infection remains a big concern in the patients of ICU, which is the main cause of life-threatening organ dysfunction, or even sepsis. The poor control of bacterial infection caused by antibiotic resistance, etc. or the overwhelming immune response are the most important patho genic factors in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. As main pathogens, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), impose serious challenges during sepsis and require alternative therapeutic options. Irisflorentin (IFL) is one of the major bioactive compounds isolated from the roots of Belamcanda chinensis (Shegan). In this study, IFL could suppress inflammatory response induced by MRSA or a synthetic mimic of bacterial lipoprotein (Pam3CSK4). IFL treatment enhanced the ability of macrophages to phagocytose bacteria likely through up-regulating the expression of phagocytic receptors SR-A1 and FcγR2a. Furthermore, IFL inhibited Pam3CSK4-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and TNF-α in Raw 264.7 cells, mouse primary macrophages or dendritic cells. IFL treatment also inhibited heat-killed MRSA-induced secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages. Moreover, IFL attenuated M1 polarization of macrophages as indicated by the down-regulated expression of its polarization markers CD86 and iNOS. Mechanistically, IFL markedly decreased the Pam3CSK4-induced activation of ERK, JNK or p38 MAPK pathways in macrophages. Taken together, IFL may serve as a promising compound for the therapy of bacterial infection, particularly those caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiannan Xiang
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yingxiang Zou
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xinru Jiang
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lirong Xu
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunxian Zhou
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - You Hu
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaolan Ye
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Yang
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuejuan Zheng
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Health Identification and Assessment, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Adewole AH, Famuyide IM, McGaw LJ, Selepe MA, October N. Antifungal Compounds from the Leaves of Rhynchosia minima. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200837. [PMID: 36305375 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Rhynchosia minima, commonly known as jumby bean, is used as a remedy for respiratory ailments in various parts of the world. It is also used by South African traditional healers to treat heart or chest pain. This study aimed to investigate the bioactive constituents of the leaf extracts of R. minima against selected fungal isolates that have been identified as risk factors in respiratory illness. Rhynchosia minima leaves were extracted sequentially using hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol in increasing order of polarity. The extracts were subjected to repeated chromatographic techniques, for phytochemical isolation. The extracts and isolated compounds were screened against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans by determining the minimum concentration that inhibited fungal growth. Six flavonoids, one norisoprenoid and one cyclitol were isolated and characterized by 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. The extracts obtained in the study had moderate to weak antifungal activities, with MICs ranging from 312.5 to 1250.0 μg/mL against both fungi. Four isolated compounds were also screened, with two of them exhibiting activity against C. albicans (MIC=6.25 μg/mL) that was comparable to amphotericin B, the positive control. These two compounds also had better antifungal potential against C. neoformans with an MIC=6.25 μg/mL, compared to the MIC of 12.5 μg/mL of amphotericin B. Seven of the eight isolated compounds were obtained from the extracts of Rhynchosia minima for the first time. Two of the isolated compounds demonstrated activity comparable or superior to amphotericin B activity. The notable potency displayed by these compounds warrants further investigation on their development as antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adetola H Adewole
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - Ibukun M Famuyide
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
| | - Lyndy J McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
| | - Mamoalosi A Selepe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - Natasha October
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
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Patel DK. Medicinal Importance, Pharmacological Activities and Analytical Aspects of an Isoflavone Glycoside Tectoridin. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x19666220411133129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Polyphenols are a group of plant secondary metabolites that are produced in plants as a protective system against oxidative stress, UV radiation, pathogens and predator’s attack. Flavonoids are major class of plant phenolics found to be present in fruits, vegetables, tea and red wine. Tectoridin also called 40,5,7-thrihydroxy-6-methoxyisoflavone-7-Ob-D-glucopyranoside is an isoflavone glycoside found to be present in the flower of Porites lobata.
Methods:
Present work focused on the biological importance, therapeutic potential and pharmacological activities of tectoridin in medicine. Numerous scientific data has been collected from different literature databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed and Scopus in order to know the health beneficial potential of tectoridin. Pharmacological data have been analyzed in the present work to know the biological effectiveness of tectoridin against human disorders. Analytical data of tectoridin have been collected and analyzed in the present work in order to know the importance of modern analytical method in the isolation, separation and identification of tectoridin.
Results:
Scientific data analysis revealed the biological importance and therapeutic benefit of tectoridin in medicine, signifying the therapeutic potential of tectoridin in the healthcare systems. Biological activities of tectoridin are mainly due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet, anti-angiogenic, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, estrogenic, antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity. However effectiveness of tectoridin against rat lens aldose reductase, nitric oxide, skeletal and cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum and enzymes have been also presented in this work. Analytical data signified the importance of modern analytical techniques for the separation, identification and isolation of tectoridin.
Conclusion:
Present work signified the biological importance and therapeutic benefit of tectoridin in the medicine and other allied health sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Li L, Zhao J, Yang T, Sun B. High-speed countercurrent chromatography as an efficient technique for large separation of plant polyphenols: a review. Food Res Int 2022; 153:110956. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.110956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Bhosale PB, Vetrivel P, Ha SE, Kim HH, Heo JD, Won CK, Kim SM, Kim GS. Iridin Induces G2/M Phase Cell Cycle Arrest and Extrinsic Apoptotic Cell Death through PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in AGS Gastric Cancer Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:2802. [PMID: 34068568 PMCID: PMC8126061 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Iridin is a natural flavonoid found in Belamcanda chinensis documented for its broad spectrum of biological activities like antioxidant, antitumor, and antiproliferative effects. In the present study, we have investigated the antitumor potential of iridin in AGS gastric cancer cells. Iridin treatment decreases AGS cell growth and promotes G2/M phase cell cycle arrest by attenuating the expression of Cdc25C, CDK1, and Cyclin B1 proteins. Iridin-treatment also triggered apoptotic cell death in AGS cells, which was verified by cleaved Caspase-3 (Cl- Caspase-3) and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) protein expression. Further apoptotic cell death was confirmed by increased apoptotic cell death fraction shown in allophycocyanin (APC)/Annexin V and propidium iodide staining. Iridin also increased the expression of extrinsic apoptotic pathway proteins like Fas, FasL, and cleaved Caspase-8 in AGS cells. On the contrary, iridin-treated AGS cells did not show variations in proteins related to an intrinsic apoptotic pathway such as Bax and Bcl-xL. Besides, Iridin showed inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling pathways by downregulation of (p-PI3K, p-AKT) proteins in AGS cells. In conclusion, these data suggest that iridin has anticancer potential by inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway. It could be a basis for further drug design in gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam-Bhagwan Bhosale
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Korea; (P.-B.B.); (P.V.); (S.-E.H.); (H.-H.K.); (C.-K.W.)
| | - Preethi Vetrivel
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Korea; (P.-B.B.); (P.V.); (S.-E.H.); (H.-H.K.); (C.-K.W.)
| | - Sang-Eun Ha
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Korea; (P.-B.B.); (P.V.); (S.-E.H.); (H.-H.K.); (C.-K.W.)
| | - Hun-Hwan Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Korea; (P.-B.B.); (P.V.); (S.-E.H.); (H.-H.K.); (C.-K.W.)
| | - Jeong-Doo Heo
- Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science & Toxicology Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 17 Jeigok-gil, Jinju 52834, Korea;
| | - Chung-Kil Won
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Korea; (P.-B.B.); (P.V.); (S.-E.H.); (H.-H.K.); (C.-K.W.)
| | - Seong-Min Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Korea; (P.-B.B.); (P.V.); (S.-E.H.); (H.-H.K.); (C.-K.W.)
| | - Gon-Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Korea; (P.-B.B.); (P.V.); (S.-E.H.); (H.-H.K.); (C.-K.W.)
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Xiong L, Guo W, Yang Y, Gao D, Wang J, Qu Y, Zhang Y. Tectoridin inhibits the progression of colon cancer through downregulating PKC/p38 MAPK pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2729-2738. [PMID: 33683556 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04081-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most familiar malignancies worldwide, with high morbidity and high mortality. This study intended to explore the role and mechanism of tectoridin (TEC) in regulating the progression of colon cancer. First, colon cancer cell lines (HCT116 and SW480 cells) were treated with different doses of TEC (0-200 μM). Then, CCK8 and clone formation experiments were performed to detect cell proliferation. Flow cytometry and western blot were conducted to examine apoptosis. Subsequently, Transwell assay and wound-healing test was employed to determine the effect of TEC on colon cancer cell invasion and migration. Next, western blot was performed to monitor the PKC/p38 MAPK pathway activation. In addition, a tumor model was established in nude mice to explore the effect of TEC on tumor growth in vivo. TEC dose-dependently dampened the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells and facilitated their apoptosis. In addition, TEC abated the tumor cell growth in vivo. Besides, TEC dose-dependently suppressed the expression of PKC and p38 MAPK. Moreover, inhibiting the PKC pathway almost cancel out the anti-tumor effects induced by TEC. TEC attenuates the colon cancer progression by inhibiting the PKC/p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfan Xiong
- Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China.,Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China
| | - Wenhao Guo
- Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China. .,Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of WlSCO, Wuhan, 430085, Hubei, China
| | - Danping Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Wuhan Hongshan District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuhan, 430073, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China.,Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of WlSCO, Wuhan, 430085, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China.,Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China
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Zhang X, Zhu Y, Ye J, Ye Z, Zhu R, Xie G, Zhao Y, Qin M. Iris domestica (iso)flavone 7- and 3'-O-Glycosyltransferases Can Be Induced by CuCl 2. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:632557. [PMID: 33633770 PMCID: PMC7900552 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.632557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In many plants, isoflavones are the main secondary metabolites that have various pharmacological activities, but the low water solubility of aglycones limits their usage. The O-glycosylation of (iso)flavones is a promising way to overcome this barrier. O-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are key enzymes in the biosynthesis of (iso)flavonoid O-glycosides in plants. However, limited investigations on isoflavonoid O-UGTs have been reported, and they mainly focused on legumes. Iris domestica (L.) Goldblatt et Mabberley is a non-legume plant rich in various isoflavonoid glycosides. However, there are no reports regarding its glycosylation mechanism, despite the I. domestica transcriptome previously being annotated as having non-active isoflavone 7-O-UGTs. Our previous experiments indicated that isoflavonoid glycosides were induced by CuCl2 in I. domestica calli; therefore, we hypothesized that isoflavone O-UGTs may be induced by Cu2+. Thus, a comparative transcriptome analysis was performed using I. domestica seedlings treated with CuCl2, and eight new active BcUGTs were obtained. Biochemical analyses showed that most of the active BcUGTs had broad substrate spectra; however, substrates lacking 5-OH were rarely catalyzed. Real-time quantitative PCR results further indicated that the transcriptional levels of BcUGTs were remarkably induced by Cu2+. Our study increases the understanding of UGTs and isoflavone biosynthesis in non-legume plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Traditional Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Traditional Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Traditional Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyu Ye
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Traditional Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruirui Zhu
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Traditional Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoyong Xie
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Traditional Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yucheng Zhao
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Traditional Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minjian Qin
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Traditional Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Iwashina T, Mizuno T. Flavonoids and Xanthones From the Genus Iris: Phytochemistry, Relationships with Flower Colors and Taxonomy, and Activities and Function. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20937151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Iris consists of approximately 360 species and is distributed to Eurasia, North Africa, and North America. Belamcanda chinensis was incorporated into the genus Iris by APG III as Iris domestica. Iris species have also been cultivated as ornamentals since ancient times. Many flavonoids are isolated and identified from the flowers, leaves, and rhizomes. So far as we know, 6 anthocyanidins, 13 flavones, 20 flavonols, 20 C-glycosylflavones, 14 flavanones, 11 dihydroflavonols, 6 flavan and proanthocyanidins, and 85 isoflavonoids were reported as aglycones and glycosides. However, chalcones, dihydrochalcones, aurones, biflavonoids, and neoflavonoids are not found in the genus Iris. Fifteen xanthones that are related to flavonoids were also isolated from Iris species. In this review, we describe the flavonoids and xanthones that were isolated and characterized from Iris species. Moreover, their phytochemistry, contribution to the flower colors, relationships with taxonomy, and activities and functions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Iwashina
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takayuki Mizuno
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Wen Y, He L, Peng R, Lin Y, Zhao L, Li X, Ye L, Yang J. A novel strategy to evaluate the quality of herbal products based on the chemical profiling, efficacy evaluation and pharmacokinetics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 161:326-335. [PMID: 30196209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to establish a chemical profiling method to compare the chemical composition of herbal products by using extracts of Belamcandae Rhizoma(EBR) extracted with different polarity solvent as an example, and evaluate the quality of EBR based on the analysis of chemical profiling, efficacy evaluation and pharmacokinetics. As seen from the results of chemical profiling, the PCA and PLS-DA score plot indicated that the dots of Belamcandae Rhizoma water extracts were separated from ethanol extracts obviously, which suggested significant differences of chemical profiling existing in the different solvent extracts. The PCA and PLS-DA loading plot illustrated that the main compounds contributing to chemical profiling differences were tectoridin(TD), iristectorin B(IT B), iridin(ID), tectorigenin(TG), irigenin(IG), iristectorigein A(IG A), dichotomitin(DT) and irisflorentin(IF). Furthermore, the results of HPLC analysis demonstrated that the contents of these main compounds in ethanol extracts were significantly higher than that in water extracts (P < 0.01). Both the pharmacological and hematoxylin-eosin staining studies indicated that the ethanol extracts of Belamcandae Rhizoma had a better therapeutic effect than water extracts in oral ulcer model rats (P<0.01). It is suggested that the ethanol extracts were beneficial to the absorption and bioavailability of TG which was one of the most important bioactive compounds of Belamcandae Rhizoma in pharmacokinetic study in rats. This work provided a novel method to optimize the extraction process of EBR and related herbal products. Compared with the conventional chemical fingerprint methodology, the approach proposed above is not only a powerful tool to identify efficacy-related components for the quality evaluation, but also can be used to predict the therapeutic efficacy of herbal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Wen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Li He
- Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China.
| | - Rui Peng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yonghong Lin
- Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China.
| | - Lina Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Liming Ye
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Junyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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11
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Belamcandae chinensis rhizoma – a review of phytochemistry and bioactivity. Fitoterapia 2015; 107:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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12
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Friesen JB, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Pauli GF. Countercurrent Separation of Natural Products: An Update. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1765-96. [PMID: 26177360 PMCID: PMC4517501 DOI: 10.1021/np501065h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
This work assesses the current instrumentation, method development, and applications in countercurrent chromatography (CCC) and centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), collectively referred to as countercurrent separation (CCS). The article provides a critical review of the CCS literature from 2007 since our last review (J. Nat. Prod. 2008, 71, 1489-1508), with a special emphasis on the applications of CCS in natural products research. The current state of CCS is reviewed in regard to three continuing topics (instrumentation, solvent system development, theory) and three new topics (optimization of parameters, workflow, bioactivity applications). The goals of this review are to deliver the necessary background with references for an up-to-date perspective of CCS, to point out its potential for the natural product scientist, and thereby to induce new applications in natural product chemistry, metabolome, and drug discovery research involving organisms from terrestrial and marine sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Brent Friesen
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
- Physical
Sciences Department, Rosary College of Arts and Sciences, Dominican University, River Forest, Illinois 60305, United States
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
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13
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Fu RH, Tsai CW, Tsai RT, Liu SP, Chan TM, Ho YC, Lin HL, Chen YM, Hung HS, Chiu SC, Tsai CH, Wang YC, Shyu WC, Lin SZ. Irisflorentin Modifies Properties of Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells and Reduces the Allergic Contact Hypersensitivity Responses. Cell Transplant 2015; 24:573-88. [PMID: 25654487 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x687002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Irisflorentin is an isoflavone component derived from the roots of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. In traditional Chinese medicine, this herb has pharmacological properties to treat inflammatory disorders. Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial modulators for the development of optimal T-cell immunity and maintenance of tolerance. Aberrant activation of DCs can induce harmful immune responses, and so agents that effectively improve DC properties have great clinical value. We herein investigated the effects of irisflorentin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated maturation of mouse bone marrow-derived DCs in vitro and in the contact hypersensitivity response (CHSR) in vivo. Our results demonstrated that treatment with up to 40 μM irisflorentin does not cause cellular toxicity. Irisflorentin significantly lessened the proinflammatory cytokine production (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-12p70) by LPS-stimulated DCs. Irisflorentin also inhibited the expression of LPS-induced major histocompatibility complex class II and costimulatory molecules (CD40 and CD86) on LPS-stimulated DCs. In addition, irisflorentin diminished LPS-stimulated DC-elicited allogeneic T-cell proliferation. Furthermore, irisflorentin significantly interfered with LPS-induced activation of IκB kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38, as well as the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. Subsequently, treatment with irisflorentin obviously weakened 2,4-dinitro-1-fluorobenzene-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity. These findings suggest new insights into the role of irisflorentin as an immunotherapeutic adjuvant through its capability to modulate the properties of DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Huei Fu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Tsai
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Tzong Tsai
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Min Chan
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital-China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Ho
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lien Lin
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Mi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Shan Hung
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chih Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hai Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Wang
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital-China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
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14
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Chen YM, Liu SP, Lin HL, Chan MC, Chen YC, Huang YL, Tsai MC, Fu RH. Irisflorentin improves α-synuclein accumulation and attenuates 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic neuron degeneration, implication for Parkinson's disease therapy. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2015; 5:4. [PMID: 25705584 PMCID: PMC4326644 DOI: 10.7603/s40681-015-0004-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that is characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta as well as motor impairment. Aggregation of α-synuclein in neuronal cells plays a key role in this disease. At present, therapeutics for PD provides moderate symptomatic benefits, but it is not able to delay the development of the disease. Current efforts toward the treatment of PD are to identify new drugs that slow or arrest the progressive course of PD by interfering with a disease-specific pathogenetic process in PD patients. Irisflorentin derived from the roots of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. is an herb which has been used for the treatment of inflammatory disorders in traditional Chinese medicine. The purpose of the present study was to assess the potential for irisflorentin to ameliorate PD in Caenorhabditis elegans models. Our data reveal that irisflorentin prevents α-synuclein accumulation in the transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model and also improves dopaminergic neuron degeneration, food-sensing behavior, and life-span in a 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Caenorhabditis elegans model, thus indicating its potential as a anti-parkinsonian drug candidate. Irisflorentin may exert its effects by promoting rpn-3 expression to enhance the activity of proteasomes and down-regulating egl-1 expression to block apoptosis pathways. These findings encourage further investigation on irisflorentin as a possible potent agent for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Mi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan ; Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, 404 No. 91, Hsueh-shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lien Lin
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chia Chan
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Huang
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chen Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Huei Fu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan ; Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, 404 No. 91, Hsueh-shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
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15
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Lee JW, Lee C, Jin Q, Lee MS, Kim Y, Hong JT, Lee MK, Hwang BY. Chemical constituents from Belamcanda chinensis and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:991-7. [PMID: 25502561 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0529-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC., which belongs to the family of Iridaceae, has been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, asthma, tonsillitis, and many other throat disorders. Bioactivity-guided purification of the methylene chloride-soluble fraction of the rhizomes of B. chinensis based on the inhibition of nitric oxide production led to the identification of seventeen known compounds. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic measurement such as NMR and ESI-MS. All of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Woo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 362-763, Korea
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16
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Zhong JS, Wan JZ, Ding WJ, Wu XF, Xie ZY. One-step separation and purification of two chromones and one pyrone from Aloe barbadensis Miller: a comparison between reversed-phase flash chromatography and high-speed counter current chromatography. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2014; 25:282-288. [PMID: 24497404 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chromones and pyrones are the major secondary metabolites of Aloe barbadensis Miller. As they are minor components of the plant, an efficient purification procedure for them is of great importance for promoting their pharmacological studies. OBJECTIVE To develop efficient methods for one-step separation and purification of two chromones (5-((S)-2'-oxo-4'-hydroxypentyl)-2-hydroxymethylchromone (1) and 5-((4E)-2'-oxo-pentenyl)-2-hydroxymethylchromone (3)) and one pyrone (aloenin aglycone (2)) from A. barbadensis via reversed-phase flash chromatography (RP-FC) and high-speed counter current chromatography (HSCCC). METHODS The RP-FC separation was performed using methanol:water (26:74, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 20 mL/min. A solvent system composed of dichloromethane:methanol:water (3:1.5:1, v/v/v) was used for the HSCCC separation, at a flow rate of 2.0 mL/min. RESULTS A one-step RP-FC operation within 110 min was successfully used for the purification of compounds 1 (27.9 mg, 96.5%), 2 (32.4 mg, 98.2%) and 3 (4.1 mg, 99.0%) from 129 mg of crude sample, and a one-step HSCCC separation within 95 min was successfully implemented for the purification of compounds 1 (31.1 mg, 97.6%), 2 (35.8 mg, 96.7%) and 3 (2.7 mg, 98.1%) from 134 mg of crude sample. CONCLUSION The developed procedures were efficient, with low cost and high yield, which would afford sufficient amounts of high-purity compounds for chromatographic purposes and pharmacological activity screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Sheng Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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17
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Gao Y, Fang L, Liu F, Zong C, Cai R, Chen X, Qi Y. Suppressive effects of irisflorentin on LPS-induced inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 239:1018-1024. [DOI: 10.1177/1535370214530081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Irisflorentin, a naturally occurring isoflavone, is an abundant active constituent in Rhizoma Belamcandae. Although some chemical studies have been reported, pharmacological actions of irisflorentin are not well studied. In this study, we demonstrate the anti-inflammatory activity of irisflorentin in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Irisflorentin markedly reduces the transcriptional and translational levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as well as the production of NO. Furthermore, it also significantly inhibits TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 at both the transcriptional and translational levels. These effects mainly act via ERK1/2 - and p38-mediated the activator protein-1 (AP-1) rather than the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. Thus, our study elucidates the anti-inflammatory mechanism of irisflorentin in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei Fang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chuanjie Zong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Runlan Cai
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun Qi
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
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18
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Zhao XH, Han F, Li YL, Zhou GY, Yue HL. SEMI-PREPARATIVE SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION OF THREE FLAVONOIDS FROM PEDICULARIS LONGIFLORA VAR. TUBIFORMIS (KLOTZSCH) P. C. TSOONG BY HSCCC. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.698677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Zhao
- a Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , China
- b Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Fa Han
- a Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , China
| | - Yu-Lin Li
- a Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , China
| | - Guo-Ying Zhou
- a Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , China
| | - Hui-Lan Yue
- a Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , China
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19
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Choi SJ, Lee MY, Jo H, Lim SS, Jung SH. Preparative isolation and purification of neuroprotective compounds from Rhus verniciflua by high speed counter-current chromatography. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:559-67. [PMID: 22466561 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.35.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, extracts from Rhus verniciflua were demonstrated to significantly attenuate the negative effects of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) on transformed retinal ganglion cell line (RGC-5 cells), indicating that they may be protective against oxidative stress-induced retinal degeneration. The inclusion of R. verniciflua in the culture was found to both reduce the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) present and lessen the up-regulation of apoptotic proteins such as cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9. Active compounds were also successfully isolated from R. verniciflua using high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) with a two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (3.5:5:3.5:5, v/v). Using this method, we successfully separated 252.1 mg of fustin at a purity of over 93.09%, 51.2 mg of fisetin at a purity of over 95.45%, 39.7 mg of sulfuretin at a purity of over 95.17%, and 10.7 mg of butein at a purity of over 95.01% from 1.5 g of R. verniciflua extract. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated by chemical and spectral analyses. There isolated compounds also significantly attenuated the negative effects of H(2)O(2) on RGC-5 cells. Results therefore suggest that, due to its anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects, R. verniciflua could be used as a lead substance for the treatment of retinal diseases such as glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Jung Choi
- Functional Food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung Institute, Republic of Korea
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