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Wu X, Ibrahim N, Liang Y, Liu X. Screening and Genomic Analysis of Alkaloid-Producing Endophytic Fungus Fusarium solani Strain MC503 from Macleaya cordata. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1088. [PMID: 38930470 PMCID: PMC11206080 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The extensive harvesting of Macleaya cordata, as a biomedicinal plant and a wild source of quaternary benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids, has led to a rapid decline in its population. An alternative approach to the production of these bioactive compounds, which are known for their diverse pharmacological effects, is needed. Production of these compounds using alkaloid-producing endophytic fungi is a promising potential approach. In this research, we isolated an alkaloid-producing endophytic fungus, strain MC503, from the roots of Macleaya cordata. Genomic analysis was conducted to elucidate its metabolic pathways and identify the potential genes responsible for alkaloid biosynthesis. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analyses revealed the presence and quantified the content of sanguinarine (536.87 μg/L) and chelerythrine (393.31 μg/L) in the fungal fermentation extract. Based on our analysis of the morphological and micromorphological characteristics and the ITS region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA of the alkaloid-producing endophyte, it was identified as Fusarium solani strain MC503. To the best of our knowledge, there is no existing report on Fusarium solani from Macleaya cordata or other medicinal plants that produce sanguinarine and chelerythrine simultaneously. These findings provide valuable insights into the capability of Fusarium solani to carry out isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis and lay the foundation for further exploration of its potential applications in pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yili Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (X.W.); (N.I.)
| | - Xueduan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (X.W.); (N.I.)
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Huang LJ, Lan JX, Wang JH, Huang H, Lu K, Zhou ZN, Xin SY, Zhang ZY, Wang JY, Dai P, Chen XM, Hou W. Bioactivity and mechanism of action of sanguinarine and its derivatives in the past 10 years. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116406. [PMID: 38460366 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Sanguinarine is a quaternary ammonium benzophenanthine alkaloid found in traditional herbs such as Chelidonium, Corydalis, Sanguinarum, and Borovula. It has been proven to possess broad-spectrum biological activities, such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiosteoporosis, neuroprotective, and antipathogenic microorganism activities. In this paper, recent progress on the biological activity and mechanism of action of sanguinarine and its derivatives over the past ten years is reviewed. The results showed that the biological activities of hematarginine and its derivatives are related mainly to the JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB, TGF-β, MAPK and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. The limitations of using sanguinarine in clinical application are also discussed, and the research prospects of this subject are outlined. In general, sanguinarine, a natural medicine, has many pharmacological effects, but its toxicity and safety in clinical application still need to be further studied. This review provides useful information for the development of sanguinarine-based bioactive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Jun Huang
- College of Rehabilitation, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Jin-Xia Lan
- College of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Jin-Hua Wang
- Ji'an Central People's Hospital (Shanghai East Hospital Ji'an Hospital), Ji'an, Jiangxi 343100, PR China
| | - Hao Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Kuo Lu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Children's Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450018, PR China
| | - Zhi-Nuo Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Su-Ya Xin
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Zi-Yun Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Jing-Yang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Ping Dai
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Mei Chen
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Wen Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China.
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Tuzimski T, Petruczynik A. New trends in the practical use of isoquinoline alkaloids as potential drugs applicated in infectious and non-infectious diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115704. [PMID: 37862968 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last years, traditional natural products have been the center of attention for the scientific community and exploration of their therapeutic abilities is proceeding permanently. Isoquinoline alkaloids have always attracted scientific interest due to either their positive or negative effects on human organism. The present review describes research on isoquinoline alkaloids isolated from different plant species. Alkaloids are one of the most important classes of plant derived compounds among these isoquinoline alkaloids possess varied biological activities such as anticancer, antineurodegenerative diseases, antidiabetic, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, and many others. The use of plants against different disorders is entrenched in traditional medicine around the globe. Recent progress in modern therapeutics has stimulated the use of natural products worldwide for various ailments and diseases. The review provides a collection of information on the capabilities of some isoquinoline alkaloids, its potential for the treatment of various diseases and is designed to be a guide for future research on different biologically active isoquinoline alkaloids and plant species containing them. The authors are aware that they were not able to cover the whole area of the topic related to biological activity of isoquinoline alkaloids. This review is intended to suggest directions for further research and can also help other researchers in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Tuzimski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Anna Petruczynik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
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Zhang J, Chen J, Zhao W, Wang J, Pan X, Lai M, Nguemdjo Chimeze VW, Pameté E. Optimizing the Production of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Alkaloids from Macleaya cordata by Subcritical Water Extraction Technology. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300048. [PMID: 37345892 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the subcritical water extraction technology was used to extract alkaloids from Macleaya cordata, and the effects of extraction temperature and time on its yield were investigated to find the best extraction conditions. Moreover, the antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity of Macleaya cordata extract were studied. Furthermore, through the single-factor method, it was found that properly increasing the extraction temperature and prolonging the extraction time was conducive to increasing alkaloid yield. Still, a considerable amount of alkaloids might be decomposed by heat, resulting in a decrease in their yield. The results showed that the optimal extraction temperature of alkaloids from Macleaya cordata with subcritical water is 190 °C, the time is 45 min, and the corresponding maximum yield is 35.19±0.12 mg/g (sanguinarine equivalent in raw materials). In addition, the antioxidation and bacteriostasis abilities of subcritical water extract are better than those of traditional hot water extract, indicating that it is a feasible method to extract alkaloids from Macleaya cordata with subcritical water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Zhang
- Zhongshan Polytechnic, Zhongshan, 528404, China
- Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, 519041, China
- South Research Institute, Jilin University, Zhuhai, 519041, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, 519041, China
- South Research Institute, Jilin University, Zhuhai, 519041, China
| | - Wenhua Zhao
- Zhongshan Polytechnic, Zhongshan, 528404, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Zhongshan Polytechnic, Zhongshan, 528404, China
| | - Xuexue Pan
- Zhongshan Polytechnic, Zhongshan, 528404, China
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
| | - Meiyun Lai
- Zhongshan Polytechnic, Zhongshan, 528404, China
| | - V Wilfried Nguemdjo Chimeze
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Heterocyclic Synthesis, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Emmanuel Pameté
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
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Zhang H, Shangguan F, Zhang L, Ma N, Song S, Ma L, Liu C, Liu M, An J, Li H, Cao Q. A novel mechanism of 6-methoxydihydroavicine in suppressing ovarian carcinoma by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis and triggering ROS/ MAPK mediated apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1093650. [PMID: 37214469 PMCID: PMC10196025 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1093650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Alkaloids derived from M. cordata (Papaveraceae family), have been found to display antineoplastic activity in several types of cancer. However, the antitumor effects and mechanisms of a new alkaloid extracted from the fruits of M. cordata, named 6-Methoxydihydroavicine (6-ME), remains unclear in the case of ovarian cancer (OC). Methods: CCK-8 assay was employed to analyze the cell viabilities of OC cells. RTCA, and colony-formation assays were performed to measure OC cell growth. Alterations in apoptosis and ROS levels were detected by flow cytometry in accordance with the instructions of corresponding assay kits. A Seahorse XFe96 was executed conducted to confirm the effects of 6-ME on cellular bioenergetics. Western blot and q-RT-PCR were conducted to detect alterations in target proteins. The subcutaneous xenografted tumor model of OC was used to further validate the anti-tumor activity of 6-ME in vivo. Results: Here, we reported for the first time that 6-ME inhibits OC cells growth in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, we found that 6-ME showed great antineoplastic activities by disrupting mitochondria homeostasis and promoting apoptosis in OC cells. Further investigation of the upstream signaling of apoptosis revealed that 6-ME-triggered apoptosis was induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and mitochondria dysfunction in OC cells. Furthermore, we found oxaloacetic acid (OAA), a crucial metabolite has been proved to be related to NADPH production, can block the cytotoxicity and accumulation of ROS caused by 6-ME in OC cells. Discussion: In summary, our data show that 6-ME exhibits cytotoxicity to OC cells in a ROS-dependent manner by interrupting mitochondrial respiration homeostasis and inducing MAPK-mediated apoptosis. This evidence suggests that 6-ME is a promising remedy for OC intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huachang Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Fugen Shangguan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Nengfang Ma
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuling Song
- School of Gerontology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Chuntong Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Mengke Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jing An
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Hua Li
- The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Qizhi Cao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Ma N, Shangguan F, Zhou H, Huang H, Lei J, An J, Jin G, Zhuang W, Zhou S, Wu S, Xia H, Yang H, Lan L. 6-methoxydihydroavicine, the alkaloid extracted from Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. (Papaveraceae), triggers RIPK1/Caspase-dependent cell death in pancreatic cancer cells through the disruption of oxaloacetic acid metabolism and accumulation of reactive oxygen species. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 102:154164. [PMID: 35597026 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many extracts and purified alkaloids of M. cordata (Papaveraceae family) have been reported to display promising anti-tumor effects by inhibiting cancer cell growth and inducing apoptosis in many cancer types. However, no evidence currently exists for anti-pancreatic cancer activity of alkaloids extracted from M. cordata, including a novel alkaloid named 6‑methoxy dihydrosphingosine (6-Methoxydihydroavicine, 6-ME) derived from M. cordata fruits. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-tumor effects of 6-ME on PC cells and the underlying mechanism. METHODS CCK-8, RTCA, and colony-formation assays were used to analyze PC cell growth. Cell death ratios, changes in MMP and ROS levels were measured by flow cytometry within corresponding detection kits. A Seahorse XFe96 was employed to examine the effects of 6-ME on cellular bioenergetics. Western blot and q-RT-PCR were conducted to detect changes in target molecules. RESULTS 6-ME effectively reduced the growth of PC cells and promoted PCD by activating RIPK1, caspases, and GSDME. Specifically, 6-ME treatment caused a disruption of OAA metabolism and increased ROS production, thereby affecting mitochondrial homeostasis and reducing aerobic glycolysis. These responses resulted in mitophagy and RIPK1-mediated cell death. CONCLUSION 6-ME exhibited specific anti-tumor effects through interrupting OAA metabolic homeostasis to trigger ROS/RIPK1-dependent cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting that 6-ME could be considered as a highly promising compound for PC intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengfang Ma
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Fugen Shangguan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Hongfei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Huimin Huang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jun Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jing An
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), LaJolla, CA 92037, United States of America
| | - Guihua Jin
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Weiwei Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Shipeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Shijia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Hongping Xia
- Henan Medical School & Huaihe Hospital & The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Hailong Yang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Linhua Lan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Dong Z, Wang YH, Tang ZS, Li CH, Jiang T, Yang ZH, Zeng JG. Exploring the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Protopine Total Alkaloids of Macleaya Cordata (Willd.) R. Br. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:935201. [PMID: 35865876 PMCID: PMC9294607 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.935201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Macleaya cordata (Willd). R. Br. is a Chinese medicinal plant commonly used externally to treat inflammatory-related diseases such as arthritis, sores, and carbuncles. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of protopine total alkaloids (MPTAs) in Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. in vivo tests in rats with acute inflammation showed that MPTA (2.54 and 5.08 mg/kg) showed significant anti-inflammatory activity 6 h after carrageenan injection. Similarly, MPTA (3.67 and 7.33 mg/kg) showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in the mouse ear swelling test. In addition, the potential mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory effects of MPTA were explored based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. The two main active components of MPTA, protopine and allocryptopine, were identified, and the potential targets and signaling pathways of MPTA's anti-inflammatory effects were initially revealed using tools and databases (such as SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, and STRING) combined with molecular docking results. This study provides the basis for the application of MPTA as an anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine in Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Innovative Drugs, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao-shan Tang
- Hunan MICOLTA Biological Resources Co., Ltd, Changsha, China
| | - Chang-hong Li
- Hunan MICOLTA Biological Resources Co., Ltd, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine in Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zi-hui Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine in Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Zi-hui Yang
| | - Jian-guo Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine in Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Jian-guo Zeng
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Chen N, Qi Y, Ma X, Xiao X, Liu Q, Xia T, Xiang J, Zeng J, Tang J. Rediscovery of Traditional Plant Medicine: An Underestimated Anticancer Drug of Chelerythrine. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:906301. [PMID: 35721116 PMCID: PMC9198297 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.906301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In many studies, the extensive and significant anticancer activity of chelerythrine (CHE) was identified, which is the primary natural active compound in four traditional botanical drugs and can be applied as a promising treatment in various solid tumors. So this review aimed to summarize the anticancer capacities and the antitumor mechanism of CHE. The literature searches revolving around CHE have been carried out on PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and MEDLINE databases. Increasing evidence indicates that CHE, as a benzophenanthridine alkaloid, exhibits its excellent anticancer activity as CHE can intervene in tumor progression and inhibit tumor growth in multiple ways, such as induction of cancer cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, prevention of tumor invasion and metastasis, autophagy-mediated cell death, bind selectively to telomeric G-quadruplex and strongly inhibit the telomerase activity through G-quadruplex stabilization, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and PKC. The role of CHE against diverse types of cancers has been investigated in many studies and has been identified as the main antitumor drug candidate in drug discovery programs. The current complex data suggest the potential value in clinical application and the future direction of CHE as a therapeutic drug in cancer. Furthermore, the limitations and the present problems are also highlighted in this review. Despite the unclearly delineated molecular targets of CHE, extensive research in this area provided continuously fresh data exploitable in the clinic while addressing the present requirement for further studies such as toxicological studies, combination medication, and the development of novel chemical methods or biomaterials to extend the effects of CHE or the development of its derivatives and analogs, contributing to the effective transformation of this underestimated anticancer drug into clinical practice. We believe that this review can provide support for the clinical application of a new anticancer drug in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianzhi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulin Qi
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Juyi Xiang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Wang W, Liu Y, Che F, Li H, Liu J, Wu N, Gu Y, Wei Y. Isolation and purification of flavonoids from Euonymus alatus by high-speed countercurrent chromatography and neuroprotective effect of rhamnazin-3-O-rutinoside in vitro. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:4422-4430. [PMID: 34670011 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The flavonoids from Euonymus alatus exhibit many biological activities including significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer. In this work, a high-speed countercurrent chromatography method for the isolation and purification of flavonoids from crude extracts of Euonymus alatus was established. The effects of several solvent systems on the separation efficiency of target compounds in the extract of Euonymus alatus were studied. The solvent system composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water at a volume ratio of (3:5:3:5, v/v) was chosen, in which the lower phase was used as the mobile phase at the rotation speed of 800 rpm and flow rate of 2.0 mL/min. The three flavonoids were obtained and identified as patuletin-3-O-rutinoside, rhamnazin-3-O-rutinoside, and dehydrodicatechin A by mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance, and the quantities of patuletin-3-O-rutinoside, rhamnazin-3-O-rutinoside, and dehydrodicatechin A were 2.2, 9.7, and 1.8 mg, respectively. The results indicated that high-speed countercurrent chromatography was a simple and efficient method for the isolation and purification of flavonoids from the crude extracts of Euonymus alatus. The cellular antioxidant activity experimental result indicated that rhamnazin-3-O-rutinoside could alleviate H2 O2 -induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fenfang Che
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jiangang Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Nan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yanxiang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
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Silver Ion-Complexation High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography Coupled with Prep-HPLC for Separation of Sesquiterpenoids from Germacrene A Fermentation Broth. FERMENTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7040230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A silver ion high-speed counter-current chromatography ([Ag+]-HSCCC) was developed to separate and purify five sesquiterpenoids from germacrene A fermentation broth. The solvent system was consisted of n-hexane-methanol-silver nitrate (3 mol/L) solution (10:9.5:0.5, v/v). By employing this chromatographic protocol, five sesquiterpenoids named β-elemene (1; 54.1 mg), germacrene A (2; 28.5 mg), γ-selinene (3; 4.6 mg), β-selinene (4; 3.4 mg), and α-selinene (5; 1.3 mg) were obtained successfully from 500 mg extracted crude sample with purities of 97.1%, 95.2%, 98.2%, 96.3% and 98.5%, respectively, combined with preparative HPLC. The results reveal that the addition of metal ion in biphasic solvent system significantly improved the HSCCC separation factor of sesquiterpenoids. Meanwhile, our study also provided an alternate approach to separate the compounds with less polarity, also geometrical isomers and various natural product classes.
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Ma W, Ali I, Li Y, Hussain H, Zhao H, Sun X, Xie L, Cui L, Wang D. A Simple and Efficient Two-Dimensional High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography Linear Gradient and Isocratic Elution Modes for the Preparative Separation of Coumarins from Roots of Toddalia asiatica (Linn.) Lam. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195986. [PMID: 34641527 PMCID: PMC8512887 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. (Rutaceae) has shown a broad spectrum of biological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-HIV, and anticancer properties. The present study is concerned with the separation of the main components with broad partition coefficients (KD values) from T. asiatica, using linear gradient high-speed counter-current chromatography (LGCCC) combined with an off-line two-dimensional (2D) mode. Similar to the binary gradient HPLC, the LGCCC mode is operated by the adjustment of the proportion between the mobile phase of 5:5:1:9 (v/v) (pump A) and 5:5:4.5:5.5 (v/v) (pump B) in an n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water solvent system. The off-line 2D-CCC mode was used in this study for the secondary separation of two similar KD value compounds with n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (5:5:4:6, v/v). Notably, six coumarins, namely, tomentin (1), toddalolactone (2), 5,7,8-trimethoxycoumarin (3), mexoticin (4), isopimpinellin (5), and toddanone (6), were efficiently separated. The structures of the pure compounds were elucidated by spectral techniques and compared with the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Ma
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China;
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; (I.A.); (H.Z.); (X.S.); (L.X.)
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; (I.A.); (H.Z.); (X.S.); (L.X.)
- Department of Chemistry, Karakoram International University, Gilgit 15100, Pakistan
| | - Yali Li
- Key Laboratory of the Innovative, Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional, Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food & Fermentation Industries Co., Ltd., Beijing 100015, China;
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Huanzhu Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; (I.A.); (H.Z.); (X.S.); (L.X.)
| | - Xuan Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; (I.A.); (H.Z.); (X.S.); (L.X.)
| | - Lei Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; (I.A.); (H.Z.); (X.S.); (L.X.)
| | - Li Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; (I.A.); (H.Z.); (X.S.); (L.X.)
- Correspondence: (L.C.); or (D.W.); Tel.: +86-0531-8260-5319 (L.C.); Fax: +86-0531-8296-4889 (L.C.)
| | - Daijie Wang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China;
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; (I.A.); (H.Z.); (X.S.); (L.X.)
- Correspondence: (L.C.); or (D.W.); Tel.: +86-0531-8260-5319 (L.C.); Fax: +86-0531-8296-4889 (L.C.)
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Sun SY, Raju S, Vedarethinam G, Chen PL, Chuang SC. TfOH-promoted Classical Nazarov-type Cyclization of Benzofulvenes: Synthesis of Polycyclic 5 H,10' H-spiro[benzo[ k]phenanthridine-5,6'-dibenzopentalenes]. Org Lett 2021; 23:6212-6216. [PMID: 34355911 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of o-benzofulvene with TfOH leads to intramolecular cyclization through novel C-C and C-N bond formation, resulting in the formation of 5H,10'H-spiro[benzo[k]phenanthridine-5,6'-dibenzopentalene]. This protocol provides a new molecular framework with reasonable to excellent yields and tolerates various electron-withdrawing/donating substituents. This method yields diastereoselectivity of up to >20:1. Furthermore, it is free of bases, oxidants, and metals and proceeds under mild reaction conditions, which are favorable for synthetic organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-You Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010, ROC
| | - Selvam Raju
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010, ROC
| | - Guganchandar Vedarethinam
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010, ROC
| | - Pei-Lin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, ROC
| | - Shih-Ching Chuang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010, ROC
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Zhang W, Zhang Y, Wang J, Duan W, Liu F. Combined Ultrahigh Pressure Extraction and High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography for Separation and Purification of Three Glycoside Compounds from Dendrobium officinale Protocorm. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133934. [PMID: 34203202 PMCID: PMC8271780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
As an alternative to Dendrobium candidum, protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) of Dendrobium candidum are of great value due to their high yield and low cost. In this work, three glycoside compounds, β-D-glucopyranose 1-[(E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoat] (I), β-D-glucopyranose 1-[(E)-3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoat] (II), and 1-O-sinapoyl glucopyranoside (III), were extracted and isolated by ultrahigh pressure extraction (UPE) coupled with high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) from PLBs of D. officinale. First, the target compounds were optimized and prepared with 50% ethanol solution at a 1:30 (g/mL) solid/liquid ratio in 2 min under 300 MPa by UPE. Then, the crude extract was chromatographed with a silica gel column, and primary separation products were obtained. In addition, the products (150 mg) were separated by HSCCC under the solvent system of MTBE-n-butyl alcohol-acetonitrile-water (5:1:2:6, v/v/v/v), yielding 31.43 mg of compound I, 10.21 mg of compound II, and 24.75 mg of compound III. Their structures were further identified by ESI-MS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. The antioxidant results showed that the three compounds expressed moderate effects on the DPPH· scavenging effect. Compound II had the best antioxidant capacity and its IC50 value was 0.0497 mg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250014, China; (W.Z.); (J.W.); (W.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250014, China;
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250014, China;
| | - Jinying Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250014, China; (W.Z.); (J.W.); (W.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250014, China;
| | - Wenjuan Duan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250014, China; (W.Z.); (J.W.); (W.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250014, China;
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250014, China; (W.Z.); (J.W.); (W.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250014, China;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +86-0531-8260-5319
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Ali I, Mu Y, Atif M, Hussain H, Li J, Li D, Shabbir M, Bankeu JJK, Cui L, Sajjad S, Wang D, Wang X. Separation and anti-inflammatory evaluation of phytochemical constituents from Pleurospermum candollei (Apiaceae) by high-speed countercurrent chromatography with continuous sample load. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:2663-2673. [PMID: 33914393 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pleurospermum (Apiaceae) species possess a wide range of biological properties viz. analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, and so on. Pleurospermum candollei (DC.) Benth. Ex C. B. Clark. is reported to cure diarrhea, gastric, respiratory, stomach, abdominal, joint, and back pain problems. In addition, it is also used for both male and female infertility. The present study deals with an efficient technique using high-speed countercurrent chromatography for separation of chemical components from the methanol extract of P. candollei. Notably, nine main compounds namely luteolin 7-O-glucoside (1), oxypeucedanin hydrate (2), pabulenol (3), bergapten (4), heptadecanoic acid (5), (E)-isoelemicin (6), trans-asarone (7), α-linolenic acid (8), and isoimperatorin (9) were very efficiently separated and isolated in pure form. Multiple injections were applied followed by two off-line recycling high-speed countercurrent chromatography. The inhibitory effect of nitric oxide production of all compounds was tested in the presence of 200 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 mice macrophage cells. The results demonstrated that compounds 7 and 8 effectively inhibited nitric oxide production, with IC50 values of 28.44 and 53.18 μM, respectively. This study thus validates the traditional claim of using P. candollei. Taken together, these findings will be useful in future research to find a potential candidate with anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Ali
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu Universit of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - Yan Mu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu Universit of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Atif
- Chemistry Department, University of Education Lahore, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jinping Li
- International Cooperation Service, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Li
- International Cooperation Service, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Shabbir
- Department of Chemistry, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | | | - Li Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu Universit of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Shahida Sajjad
- Department of Chemistry, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - Daijie Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu Universit of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu Universit of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
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