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Calonne J, Arsenijevic D, Scerri I, Miles-Chan JL, Montani JP, Dulloo AG. Low 24-hour core body temperature as a thrifty metabolic trait driving catch-up fat during weight regain after caloric restriction. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E699-E709. [PMID: 31430205 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00092.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The recovery of body weight after substantial weight loss or growth retardation is often characterized by a disproportionately higher rate of fat mass vs. lean mass recovery, with this phenomenon of "preferential catch-up fat" being contributed by energy conservation (thrifty) metabolism. To test the hypothesis that a low core body temperature (Tc) constitutes a thrifty metabolic trait underlying the high metabolic efficiency driving catch-up fat, the Anipill system, with telemetry capsules implanted in the peritoneal cavity, was used for continuous monitoring of Tc for several weeks in a validated rat model of semistarvation-refeeding in which catch-up fat is driven solely by suppressed thermogenesis. In animals housed at 22°C, 24-h Tc was reduced in response to semistarvation (-0.77°C, P < 0.001) and remained significantly lower than in control animals during the catch-up fat phase of refeeding (-0.27°C on average, P < 0.001), the lower Tc during refeeding being more pronounced during the light phase than during the dark phase of the 24-h cycle (-0.30°C vs. -0.23°C, P < 0.01) and with no between-group differences in locomotor activity. A lower 24-h Tc in animals showing catch-up fat was also observed when the housing temperature was raised to 29°C (i.e., at thermoneutrality). The reduced energy cost of homeothermy in response to caloric restriction persists during weight recovery and constitutes a thrifty metabolic trait that contributes to the high metabolic efficiency that underlies the rapid restoration of the body's fat stores during weight regain, with implications for obesity relapse after therapeutic slimming and the pathophysiology of catch-up growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Calonne
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Denis Arsenijevic
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Scerri
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer L Miles-Chan
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Pierre Montani
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Abdul G Dulloo
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Gordon CJ. The mouse thermoregulatory system: Its impact on translating biomedical data to humans. Physiol Behav 2017; 179:55-66. [PMID: 28533176 PMCID: PMC6196327 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The laboratory mouse has become the predominant test species in biomedical research. The number of papers that translate or extrapolate data from mouse to human has grown exponentially since the year 2000. There are many physiological and anatomical factors to consider in the process of extrapolating data from one species to another. Body temperature is, of course, a critical determinant in extrapolation because it has a direct impact on metabolism, cardiovascular function, drug efficacy, pharmacokinetics of toxins and drugs, and many other effects. While most would consider the thermoregulatory system of mice to be sufficiently stable and predictable as to not be a cause for concern, the thermal physiology of mice does in fact present unique challenges to the biomedical researcher. A variable and unstable core temperature, high metabolic rate, preference for warm temperatures, large surface area: body mass ratio, and high rate of thermal conductance, are some of the key factors of mice that can affect the interpretation and translation of data to humans. It is the intent of this brief review to enlighten researchers studying interspecies translation of biomedical data on the salient facets of the mouse thermal physiology and show how extrapolation in fields such as physiology, psychology, nutrition, pharmacology, toxicology, and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Gordon
- Toxicity Assessment Division, National Health Effects and Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States.
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Tanajak P, Pintana H, Siri-Angkul N, Khamseekaew J, Apaijai N, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Vildagliptin and caloric restriction for cardioprotection in pre-diabetic rats. J Endocrinol 2017; 232:189-204. [PMID: 27875248 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Long-term high-fat diet (HFD) consumption causes cardiac dysfunction. Although calorie restriction (CR) has been shown to be useful in obesity, we hypothesized that combined CR with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor provides greater efficacy than monotherapy in attenuating cardiac dysfunction and metabolic impairment in HFD-induced obese-insulin resistant rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups to be fed on either a normal diet (ND, n = 6) or a HFD (n = 24) for 12 weeks. Then, HFD rats were divided into 4 subgroups (n = 6/subgroup) to receive just the vehicle, CR diet (60% of mean energy intake and changed to ND), vildagliptin (3 mg/kg/day) or combined CR and vildagliptin for 4 weeks. Metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), cardiac mitochondrial function, left ventricular (LV) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 signaling pathway were determined. Rats on a HFD developed insulin and FGF21 resistance, oxidative stress, cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired LV function. Rats on CR alone showed both decreased body weight and visceral fat accumulation, whereas vildagliptin did not alter these parameters. Rats in CR, vildagliptin and CR plus vildagliptin subgroups had improved insulin sensitivity and oxidative stress. However, vildagliptin improved heart rate variability (HRV), cardiac mitochondrial function and LV function better than the CR. Chronic HFD consumption leads to obese-insulin resistance and FGF21 resistance. Although CR is effective in improving metabolic regulation, vildagliptin provides greater efficacy in preventing cardiac dysfunction by improving anti-apoptosis and FGF21 signaling pathways and attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in obese-insulin-resistant rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pongpan Tanajak
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Hiranya Pintana
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Natthaphat Siri-Angkul
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Juthamas Khamseekaew
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic SciencesFaculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Achamrah N, Nobis S, Breton J, Jésus P, Belmonte L, Maurer B, Legrand R, Bôle-Feysot C, Rego JLD, Goichon A, Rego JCD, Déchelotte P, Fetissov SO, Claeyssens S, Coëffier M. Maintaining physical activity during refeeding improves body composition, intestinal hyperpermeability and behavior in anorectic mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21887. [PMID: 26906060 PMCID: PMC4764812 DOI: 10.1038/srep21887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A role of gut-brain axis emerges in the pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa and maintaining adapted physical activity during refeeding remains discussed. We aimed to assess gastrointestinal protein metabolism and investigate the contribution of physical activity during refeeding in C57BL/6 mice with activity-based anorexia (ABA). ABA mice exhibited lower body weight and food intake with increase of lean mass/fat mass ratio and fat oxidation. Colonic permeability was increased in ABA. Ad libitum food access was then restored and ABA group was divided into two subgroups, with access to running wheel (ABA-PA) or not (ABA-NPA). After refeeding, fat free mass was completely restored only in ABA-PA. Colonic permeability was enhanced in ABA-NPA. Finally, muscle kynurenine conversion into kynurenic acid was lower in ABA-NPA who also exhibited altered behavior. Maintaining physical activity during refeeding may thus limit colonic hyperpermeability and improve behavior in anorectic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najate Achamrah
- Normandie Univ, INSERM Unit 1073, UR, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
- Rouen University Hospital, Nutrition unit, Rouen, France
| | - Séverine Nobis
- Normandie Univ, INSERM Unit 1073, UR, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
| | - Jonathan Breton
- Normandie Univ, INSERM Unit 1073, UR, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
| | - Pierre Jésus
- Normandie Univ, INSERM Unit 1073, UR, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
| | - Liliana Belmonte
- Normandie Univ, INSERM Unit 1073, UR, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
- Rouen University Hospital, Nutrition unit, Rouen, France
| | - Brigitte Maurer
- Rouen University Hospital, Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Rouen, France
| | - Romain Legrand
- Normandie Univ, INSERM Unit 1073, UR, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
| | - Christine Bôle-Feysot
- Normandie Univ, INSERM Unit 1073, UR, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
| | - Jean Luc do Rego
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
- Animal Behavior Platform SCAC, University of Rouen, France
| | - Alexis Goichon
- Normandie Univ, INSERM Unit 1073, UR, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
| | - Jean Claude do Rego
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
- Animal Behavior Platform SCAC, University of Rouen, France
| | - Pierre Déchelotte
- Normandie Univ, INSERM Unit 1073, UR, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
- Rouen University Hospital, Nutrition unit, Rouen, France
| | - Sergueï O Fetissov
- Normandie Univ, INSERM Unit 1073, UR, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
| | - Sophie Claeyssens
- Normandie Univ, INSERM Unit 1073, UR, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
- Rouen University Hospital, Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Rouen, France
| | - Moïse Coëffier
- Normandie Univ, INSERM Unit 1073, UR, France
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, France
- Rouen University Hospital, Nutrition unit, Rouen, France
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