1
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Michielin F, Giobbe GG, Luni C, Hu Q, Maroni I, Orford MR, Manfredi A, Di Filippo L, David AL, Cacchiarelli D, De Coppi P, Eaton S, Elvassore N. The Microfluidic Environment Reveals a Hidden Role of Self-Organizing Extracellular Matrix in Hepatic Commitment and Organoid Formation of hiPSCs. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108453. [PMID: 33264615 PMCID: PMC8237389 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The specification of the hepatic identity during human liver development is strictly controlled by extrinsic signals, yet it is still not clear how cells respond to these exogenous signals by activating secretory cascades, which are extremely relevant, especially in 3D self-organizing systems. Here, we investigate how the proteins secreted by human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in response to developmental exogenous signals affect the progression from endoderm to the hepatic lineage, including their competence to generate nascent hepatic organoids. By using microfluidic confined environment and stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture-coupled mass spectrometry (SILAC-MS) quantitative proteomic analysis, we find high abundancy of extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated proteins. Hepatic progenitor cells either derived in microfluidics or exposed to exogenous ECM stimuli show a significantly higher potential of forming hepatic organoids that can be rapidly expanded for several passages and further differentiated into functional hepatocytes. These results prove an additional control over the efficiency of hepatic organoid formation and differentiation for downstream applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Michielin
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N1EH London, UK
| | - Giovanni G Giobbe
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N1EH London, UK
| | - Camilla Luni
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, 201210 Shanghai, China
| | - Qianjiang Hu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, 201210 Shanghai, China
| | - Ida Maroni
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Michael R Orford
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N1EH London, UK
| | - Anna Manfredi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | | | - Anna L David
- Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women's Health, University College London, WC1E 6AU London, UK
| | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II," 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N1EH London, UK; Specialist Neonatal and Paediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital, WC1N 3JH London, UK
| | - Simon Eaton
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N1EH London, UK
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N1EH London, UK; Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, 201210 Shanghai, China; Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), 35129 Padova, Italy.
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2
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Sart S, Jeske R, Chen X, Ma T, Li Y. Engineering Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Matrices: Decellularization, Characterization, and Biological Function. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 26:402-422. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Sart
- Hydrodynamics Laboratory, CNRS UMR7646, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
- Laboratory of Physical Microfluidics and Bioengineering, Department of Genome and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Richard Jeske
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Xingchi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
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3
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Rodrigues Sousa E, Zoni E, Karkampouna S, La Manna F, Gray PC, De Menna M, Kruithof-de Julio M. A Multidisciplinary Review of the Roles of Cripto in the Scientific Literature Through a Bibliometric Analysis of its Biological Roles. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061480. [PMID: 32517087 PMCID: PMC7352664 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cripto is a small glycosylphosphatidylinisitol (GPI)-anchored and secreted oncofetal protein that plays important roles in regulating normal physiological processes, including stem cell differentiation, embryonal development, and tissue growth and remodeling, as well as pathological processes such as tumor initiation and progression. Cripto functions as a co-receptor for TGF-β ligands such as Nodal, GDF1, and GDF3. Soluble and secreted forms of Cripto also exhibit growth factor-like activity and activate SRC/MAPK/PI3K/AKT pathways. Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 kDa (GRP78) binds Cripto at the cell surface and has been shown to be required for Cripto signaling via both TGF-β and SRC/MAPK/PI3K/AKT pathways. To provide a comprehensive overview of the scientific literature related to Cripto, we performed, for the first time, a bibliometric analysis of the biological roles of Cripto as reported in the scientific literature covering the last 10 years. We present different fields of knowledge in comprehensive areas of research on Cripto, ranging from basic to translational research, using a keyword-driven approach. Our ultimate aim is to aid the scientific community in conducting targeted research by identifying areas where research has been conducted so far and, perhaps more importantly, where critical knowledge is still missing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Rodrigues Sousa
- Department for Biomedical Research, Urology Research Laboratory, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (E.R.S.); (E.Z.); (S.K.); (F.L.M.); (M.D.M.)
| | - Eugenio Zoni
- Department for Biomedical Research, Urology Research Laboratory, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (E.R.S.); (E.Z.); (S.K.); (F.L.M.); (M.D.M.)
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sofia Karkampouna
- Department for Biomedical Research, Urology Research Laboratory, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (E.R.S.); (E.Z.); (S.K.); (F.L.M.); (M.D.M.)
| | - Federico La Manna
- Department for Biomedical Research, Urology Research Laboratory, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (E.R.S.); (E.Z.); (S.K.); (F.L.M.); (M.D.M.)
- Department of Urology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marta De Menna
- Department for Biomedical Research, Urology Research Laboratory, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (E.R.S.); (E.Z.); (S.K.); (F.L.M.); (M.D.M.)
| | - Marianna Kruithof-de Julio
- Department for Biomedical Research, Urology Research Laboratory, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; (E.R.S.); (E.Z.); (S.K.); (F.L.M.); (M.D.M.)
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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4
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Kuhn TC, Knobel J, Burkert-Rettenmaier S, Li X, Meyer IS, Jungmann A, Sicklinger F, Backs J, Lasitschka F, Müller OJ, Katus HA, Krijgsveld J, Leuschner F. Secretome Analysis of Cardiomyocytes Identifies PCSK6 (Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 6) as a Novel Player in Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction. Circulation 2020; 141:1628-1644. [PMID: 32100557 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.044914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute occlusion of a coronary artery results in swift tissue necrosis. Bordering areas of the infarcted myocardium can also experience impaired blood supply and reduced oxygen delivery, leading to altered metabolic and mechanical processes. Although transcriptional changes in hypoxic cardiomyocytes are well studied, little is known about the proteins that are actively secreted from these cells. METHODS We established a novel secretome analysis of cardiomyocytes by combining stable isotope labeling and click chemistry with subsequent mass spectrometry analysis. Further functional validation experiments included ELISA measurement of human samples, murine left anterior descending coronary artery ligation, and adeno-associated virus 9-mediated in vivo overexpression in mice. RESULTS The presented approach is feasible for analysis of the secretome of primary cardiomyocytes without serum starvation. A total of 1026 proteins were identified to be secreted within 24 hours, indicating a 5-fold increase in detection compared with former approaches. Among them, a variety of proteins have not yet been explored in the context of cardiovascular pathologies. One of the secreted factors most strongly upregulated upon hypoxia was PCSK6 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6). Validation experiments revealed an increase of PCSK6 on mRNA and protein level in hypoxic cardiomyocytes. PCSK6 expression was elevated in hearts of mice after 3 days of ligation of the left anterior descending artery, a finding confirmed by immunohistochemistry. ELISA measurements in human serum also indicate distinct kinetics for PCSK6 in patients with acute myocardial infarction, with a peak on postinfarction day 3. Transfer of PCSK6-depleted cardiomyocyte secretome resulted in decreased expression of collagen I and III in fibroblasts compared with control treated cells, and small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of PCSK6 in cardiomyocytes impacted transforming growth factor-β activation and SMAD3 (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3) translocation in fibroblasts. An adeno-associated virus 9-mediated, cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of PCSK6 in mice resulted in increased collagen expression and cardiac fibrosis, as well as decreased left ventricular function, after myocardial infarction. CONCLUSIONS A novel mass spectrometry-based approach allows investigation of the secretome of primary cardiomyocytes. Analysis of hypoxia-induced secretion led to the identification of PCSK6 as being crucially involved in cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Christian Kuhn
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., H.A.K., F.L.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., J.B., H.A.K., F.L.)
| | - Johannes Knobel
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., H.A.K., F.L.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., J.B., H.A.K., F.L.)
| | - Sonja Burkert-Rettenmaier
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., H.A.K., F.L.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., J.B., H.A.K., F.L.)
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., H.A.K., F.L.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., J.B., H.A.K., F.L.)
| | - Ingmar Sören Meyer
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., H.A.K., F.L.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., J.B., H.A.K., F.L.)
| | - Andreas Jungmann
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., H.A.K., F.L.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., J.B., H.A.K., F.L.)
| | - Florian Sicklinger
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., H.A.K., F.L.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., J.B., H.A.K., F.L.)
| | - Johannes Backs
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., J.B., H.A.K., F.L.).,Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg, Germany (J.B.)
| | - Felix Lasitschka
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (Fe.L.)
| | - Oliver J Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Germany (O.J.M.)
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., H.A.K., F.L.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., J.B., H.A.K., F.L.)
| | - Jeroen Krijgsveld
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (Je.K.).,Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty, Germany (Je.K.)
| | - Florian Leuschner
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., H.A.K., F.L.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg, Germany (T.C.K., J.K., S.B-R., X.L., I.S.M., A.J., F.S., J.B., H.A.K., F.L.)
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5
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Robert AW, Pereira IT, Dallagiovanna B, Stimamiglio MA. Secretome Analysis Performed During in vitro Cardiac Differentiation: Discovering the Cardiac Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:49. [PMID: 32117977 PMCID: PMC7025591 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells are an important tool for the study of developmental processes, such as cardiomyogenic differentiation. Despite the advances made in this field, the molecular and cellular signals involved in the commitment of embryonic stem cells to the cardiac phenotype are still under investigation. Therefore, this study focuses on identifying the extracellular signals involved in in vitro cardiac differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. Using a three-dimensional cardiomyogenic differentiation protocol, the conditioned medium and the extracellular matrix (ECM) of embryoid body cultures were collected and characterized at four specific time points. Mass spectrometry (MS) and antibody array analysis of the secretome identified a number of secreted proteins related to signaling pathways, such as Wnt and TGFβ, as well as many ECM proteins. When comparing the proteins identified at selected time points, our data pointed out protein interactions and biological process related to cardiac differentiation. Interestingly, the great changes in secretome profile occurred during the cardiac progenitor specification. The secretome results were also compared with our previous RNAseq data, indicating that the secreted proteins undergo some level of gene regulation. During cardiac commitment it was observed an increase in complexity of the ECM, and some proteins as IGFBP7, FN1, HSPG2, as well as other members of the basal lamina could be highlighted. Thus, these findings contribute valuable information about essential microenvironmental signals working on cardiomyogenic differentiation that may be used in future strategies for cardiac differentiation, cardiomyocyte maturation, and in advances for future acellular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anny Waloski Robert
- Laboratório de Biologia Básica de Células-Tronco, Instituto Carlos Chagas - Fiocruz-Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Isabela Tiemy Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Básica de Células-Tronco, Instituto Carlos Chagas - Fiocruz-Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Bruno Dallagiovanna
- Laboratório de Biologia Básica de Células-Tronco, Instituto Carlos Chagas - Fiocruz-Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Marco Augusto Stimamiglio
- Laboratório de Biologia Básica de Células-Tronco, Instituto Carlos Chagas - Fiocruz-Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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6
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Sayago C, Martinez-Val A, Munoz J. Proteotyping pluripotency with mass spectrometry. Expert Rev Proteomics 2019; 16:391-400. [PMID: 30947573 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1604229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pluripotency emerges transiently during embryogenesis in two main forms with different developmental potential, termed naïve and primed states. Importantly, these pluripotent states can be recapitulated in vitro under specific culture conditions, representing a unique model to study the regulatory principles of development and cellular plasticity. Areas covered: A complex network of signaling pathways that senses intrinsic and extrinsic cues controls the fine balance between self-renewal and differentiation. Much of our knowledge on this tight regulation originates from epigenetic and transcriptomic approaches. However, the presence of post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms demands a direct assessment of the proteome in its multiple facets. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is now a mature technique and has started to deliver new insights in the stem cell field. Expert opinion: Here, we review our current understanding on the mechanisms that dictate the spectrum of pluripotency levels. We put special emphasis on the emerging proteomic studies that focused on the molecular properties behind the naïve and primed states. In addition, we hypothesize on the impact that future developments in proteomic technologies can have to improve our view of pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sayago
- a Proteomics Unit , Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) , Madrid , Spain.,b ISCIII-ProteoRed , Spain
| | - Ana Martinez-Val
- a Proteomics Unit , Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) , Madrid , Spain.,b ISCIII-ProteoRed , Spain
| | - Javier Munoz
- a Proteomics Unit , Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) , Madrid , Spain.,b ISCIII-ProteoRed , Spain
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7
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Quantitative Secretomics Reveals Extrinsic Signals Involved in Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Cardiomyogenesis. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1800102. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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8
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Dou L, Yan Q, Liang P, Zhou P, Zhang Y, Ji P. iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis Exploring the Influence of Hypoxia on the Proteome of Dental Pulp Stem Cells under 3D Culture. Proteomics 2018; 18. [PMID: 29327447 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic preconditioning is commonly applied to enhance mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapeutic effect before transplantation. Elucidating the effect of hypoxic preconditioning would be beneficial for improved application. However, the influence of hypoxia on dental tissue derived MSCs cultured in 3D was unknown. Thus, the present study is to investigate gene expression and proteome of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) after hypoxic preconditioning. DPSCs were isolated, cultured in a 3D system under the normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The gene expression was examined with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and the proteome was analyzed using iTRAQ-based mass spectrometry. The expressions of HIF-1α, VEGFA, KDR at mRNA level was upregulated while BMP-2 was downregulated. Two thousand one hundred and fifteen proteins were identified and 57 proteins exhibited significant differences after hypoxic preconditioning (30 up-regulated, 27 down-regulated). Bioinformatic analysis revealed the majority of up-regulated proteins are involved in cellular process, angiogenesis, protein binding and transport, regulation of response to stimulus, metabolic processes, and immune response. Increased IL-6 and decreased TGF-1β protein expression under hypoxic condition were verified by ELISA. Hypoxic preconditioning partly affected the gene and protein expression in DPSCs under 3D culture and may enhance the efficacy of MSCs transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dou
- Stomatological hospital of Chongqing medical university, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Qifang Yan
- Stomatological hospital of Chongqing medical university, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Liang
- Stomatological hospital of Chongqing medical university, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Stomatological hospital of Chongqing medical university, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Stomatological hospital of Chongqing medical university, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Ping Ji
- Stomatological hospital of Chongqing medical university, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, P. R. China
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9
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Konze SA, Werneburg S, Oberbeck A, Olmer R, Kempf H, Jara-Avaca M, Pich A, Zweigerdt R, Buettner FFR. Proteomic Analysis of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Cardiomyogenesis Revealed Altered Expression of Metabolic Enzymes and PDLIM5 Isoforms. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:1133-1149. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Konze
- Institute
of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian Werneburg
- Institute
of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Astrid Oberbeck
- Institute
of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ruth Olmer
- Leibniz
Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Department
of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Henning Kempf
- Leibniz
Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Department
of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Monica Jara-Avaca
- Leibniz
Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Department
of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Pich
- Institute
of Toxicology, Core Facility Proteomics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Leibniz
Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Department
of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Falk F. R. Buettner
- Institute
of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH
Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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10
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Khalkhali-Ellis Z, Galat V, Galat Y, Gilgur A, Seftor EA, Hendrix MJC. Lefty Glycoproteins in Human Embryonic Stem Cells: Extracellular Delivery Route and Posttranslational Modification in Differentiation. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:1681-1690. [PMID: 27554431 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lefty is a member of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily and a potent antagonist of the TGF-β/Nodal/Activin signaling pathway. Lefty is critical in sustaining self-renewal/pluripotency status, and implicated in the differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, emerging studies depict Lefty as a multifaceted protein involved in myriad cellular events. Lefty proteins (human Lefty A and B) are secreted glycoproteins, but their mode of secretion and the significance of their "glycan" moiety remain mostly unexplored. By employing an in vitro system of human ESCs (hESCs), we observed that Lefty protein(s) are encased in exosomes for extracellular release. The exosomal- and cell-associated Lefty diverge in their proteolytic processing, and possess N-glycan structures of high mannose and complex nature. Differentiation of hESCs to mesenchymal cells (MSCs) or neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) entails distinct changes in the Lefty A/Lefty B gene(s), and protein expression. Specifically, the proteolytic cleavage and N-glycan composition of the cell-associated and exosomal Lefty differ in the differentiated progenies. These modifications affected Lefty's inhibitory effect on Nodal signaling in aggressive melanoma cells. The microheterogeneity in the processing and glycosylation of Lefty protein(s) between hESCs, MSCs, and NPCs could present efficient means of diversifying the endogenous functions of Lefty. Whether Lefty's diverse functions in embryonic patterning, as well as its diffusion range in the extracellular environment, are similarly affected remains to be determined. Our studies underscore the potential relevance of Lefty-packaged exosomes for combating debilitating diseases such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhila Khalkhali-Ellis
- 1 Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute , Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vasiliy Galat
- 2 Department of Pathology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute , Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,3 Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute , Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,4 Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yekaterina Galat
- 3 Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute , Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alina Gilgur
- 1 Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute , Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elisabeth A Seftor
- 1 Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute , Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mary J C Hendrix
- 1 Cancer Biology and Epigenomics Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute , Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,4 Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago, Illinois
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11
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Sarkar P, Mischler A, Randall SM, Collier TS, Dorman KF, Boggess KA, Muddiman DC, Rao BM. Identification of Epigenetic Factor Proteins Expressed in Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Trophoblasts and in Human Placental Trophoblasts. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:2433-44. [PMID: 27378238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b01118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have been used to derive trophoblasts through differentiation in vitro. Intriguingly, mouse ESCs are prevented from differentiation to trophoblasts by certain epigenetic factor proteins such as Dnmt1, thus necessitating the study of epigenetic factor proteins during hESC differentiation to trophoblasts. We used stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture and quantitative proteomics to study changes in the nuclear proteome during hESC differentiation to trophoblasts and identified changes in the expression of 30 epigenetic factor proteins. Importantly, the DNA methyltransferases DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B were downregulated. Additionally, we hypothesized that nuclear proteomics of hESC-derived trophoblasts may be used for screening epigenetic factor proteins expressed by primary trophoblasts in human placental tissue. Accordingly, we conducted immunohistochemistry analysis of six epigenetic factor proteins identified from hESC-derived trophoblasts-DNMT1, DNMT3B, BAF155, BAF60A, BAF57, and ING5-in 6-9 week human placentas. Indeed, expression of these proteins was largely, though not fully, consistent with that observed in 6-9 week placental trophoblasts. Our results support the use of hESC-derived trophoblasts as a model for placental trophoblasts, which will enable further investigation of epigenetic factors involved in human trophoblast development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Karen F Dorman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kim A Boggess
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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12
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Hettiaratchi MH, Guldberg RE, McDevitt TC. Biomaterial strategies for controlling stem cell fate via morphogen sequestration. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:3464-3481. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02575c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This review explores the role of protein sequestration in the stem cell niche and how it has inspired the design of biomaterials that exploit natural protein sequestration to influence stem cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. H. Hettiaratchi
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - R. E. Guldberg
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering
| | - T. C. McDevitt
- The Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease
- San Francisco
- USA
- The Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences
- University of California San Francisco
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13
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Shoemaker LD, Kornblum HI. Neural Stem Cells (NSCs) and Proteomics. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 15:344-54. [PMID: 26494823 PMCID: PMC4739658 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.o115.052704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) can self-renew and give rise to the major cell types of the CNS. Studies of NSCs include the investigation of primary, CNS-derived cells as well as animal and human embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived sources. NSCs provide a means with which to study normal neural development, neurodegeneration, and neurological disease and are clinically relevant sources for cellular repair to the damaged and diseased CNS. Proteomics studies of NSCs have the potential to delineate molecules and pathways critical for NSC biology and the means by which NSCs can participate in neural repair. In this review, we provide a background to NSC biology, including the means to obtain them and the caveats to these processes. We then focus on advances in the proteomic interrogation of NSCs. This includes the analysis of posttranslational modifications (PTMs); approaches to analyzing different proteomic compartments, such the secretome; as well as approaches to analyzing temporal differences in the proteome to elucidate mechanisms of differentiation. We also discuss some of the methods that will undoubtedly be useful in the investigation of NSCs but which have not yet been applied to the field. While many proteomics studies of NSCs have largely catalogued the proteome or posttranslational modifications of specific cellular states, without delving into specific functions, some have led to understandings of functional processes or identified markers that could not have been identified via other means. Many challenges remain in the field, including the precise identification and standardization of NSCs used for proteomic analyses, as well as how to translate fundamental proteomics studies to functional biology. The next level of investigation will require interdisciplinary approaches, combining the skills of those interested in the biochemistry of proteomics with those interested in modulating NSC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorelei D Shoemaker
- From the ‡Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Neuromolecular Innovation Program, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- §NPI-Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, and of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, The Molecular Biology Institute, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los, Angeles, CA 90095
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14
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Liu Y, Kaneda R, Leja TW, Subkhankulova T, Tolmachov O, Minchiotti G, Schwartz RJ, Barahona M, Schneider MD. Hhex and Cer1 mediate the Sox17 pathway for cardiac mesoderm formation in embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells 2015; 32:1515-26. [PMID: 24585688 PMCID: PMC4260090 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac muscle differentiation in vivo is guided by sequential growth factor signals, including endoderm-derived diffusible factors, impinging on cardiogenic genes in the developing mesoderm. Previously, by RNA interference in AB2.2 mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), we identified the endodermal transcription factor Sox17 as essential for Mesp1 induction in primitive mesoderm and subsequent cardiac muscle differentiation. However, downstream effectors of Sox17 remained to be proven functionally. In this study, we used genome-wide profiling of Sox17-dependent genes in AB2.2 cells, RNA interference, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter genes to dissect this pathway. Sox17 was required not only for Hhex (a second endodermal transcription factor) but also for Cer1, a growth factor inhibitor from endoderm that, like Hhex, controls mesoderm patterning in Xenopus toward a cardiac fate. Suppressing Hhex or Cer1 blocked cardiac myogenesis, although at a later stage than induction of Mesp1/2. Hhex was required but not sufficient for Cer1 expression. Over-expression of Sox17 induced endogenous Cer1 and sequence-specific transcription of a Cer1 reporter gene. Forced expression of Cer1 was sufficient to rescue cardiac differentiation in Hhex-deficient cells. Thus, Hhex and Cer1 are indispensable components of the Sox17 pathway for cardiopoiesis in mESCs, acting at a stage downstream from Mesp1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Center for Cardiovascular Development, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Institute for Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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15
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Molecular profiling of the Phytophthora plurivora secretome: a step towards understanding the cross-talk between plant pathogenic oomycetes and their hosts. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112317. [PMID: 25372870 PMCID: PMC4221288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying host–pathogen interactions in plant diseases is of crucial importance to gain insights on different virulence strategies of pathogens and unravel their role in plant immunity. Among plant pathogens, Phytophthora species are eliciting a growing interest for their considerable economical and environmental impact. Plant infection by Phytophthora phytopathogens is a complex process coordinated by a plethora of extracellular signals secreted by both host plants and pathogens. The characterization of the repertoire of effectors secreted by oomycetes has become an active area of research for deciphering molecular mechanisms responsible for host plants colonization and infection. Putative secreted proteins by Phytophthora species have been catalogued by applying high-throughput genome-based strategies and bioinformatic approaches. However, a comprehensive analysis of the effective secretome profile of Phytophthora is still lacking. Here, we report the first large-scale profiling of P. plurivora secretome using a shotgun LC-MS/MS strategy. To gain insight on the molecular signals underlying the cross-talk between plant pathogenic oomycetes and their host plants, we also investigate the quantitative changes of secreted protein following interaction of P. plurivora with the root exudate of Fagus sylvatica which is highly susceptible to the root pathogen. We show that besides known effectors, the expression and/or secretion levels of cell-wall-degrading enzymes were altered following the interaction with the host plant root exudate. In addition, a characterization of the F. sylvatica root exudate was performed by NMR and amino acid analysis, allowing the identification of the main released low-molecular weight components, including organic acids and free amino acids. This study provides important insights for deciphering the extracellular network involved in the highly susceptible P. plurivora-F. sylvatica interaction.
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16
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Zizkova M, Sucha R, Tyleckova J, Jarkovska K, Mairychova K, Kotrcova E, Marsala M, Gadher SJ, Kovarova H. Proteome-wide analysis of neural stem cell differentiation to facilitate transition to cell replacement therapies. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 12:83-95. [PMID: 25363140 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2015.977381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are devastating disorders and the demands on their treatment are set to rise in connection with higher disease incidence. Knowledge of the spatiotemporal profile of cellular protein expression during neural differentiation and definition of a set of markers highly specific for targeted neural populations is a key challenge. Intracellular proteins may be utilized as a readout for follow-up transplantation and cell surface proteins may facilitate isolation of the cell subpopulations, while secreted proteins could help unravel intercellular communication and immunomodulation. This review summarizes the potential of proteomics in revealing molecular mechanisms underlying neural differentiation of stem cells and presents novel candidate proteins of neural subpopulations, where understanding of their functionality may accelerate transition to cell replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Zizkova
- Laboratory of Applied Proteome Analyses, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, AS CR, v.v.i., Libechov, Czech Republic
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17
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Mahr C, Gundry RL. Hold or fold--proteins in advanced heart failure and myocardial recovery. Proteomics Clin Appl 2014; 9:121-33. [PMID: 25331159 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Advanced heart failure (AHF) describes the subset of heart failure patients refractory to conventional medical therapy. For some AHF patients, the use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) provides an intermediary "bridge" step for transplant-eligible patients or an alternative therapy for transplant-ineligible patients. Over the past 20 years, clinical observations have revealed that approximately 1% of patients with MCS undergo significant reverse remodeling to the point where the device can be explanted. Unfortunately, it is unclear why some patients experience durable, sustained myocardial remission, while others redevelop heart failure (i.e. which hearts "hold" and which hearts "fold"). In this review, we outline unmet clinical needs related to treating patients with MCS, provide an overview of protein dynamics in the reverse-remodeling process, and propose specific areas where we expect MS and proteomic analyses will have significant impact on our understanding of disease progression, molecular mechanisms of recovery, and provide new markers with prognostic value that can positively impact patient care. Complimentary perspectives are provided with the goal of making this important topic accessible and relevant to both a clinical and basic science audience, as the intersection of these disciplines is required to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudius Mahr
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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18
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Severino V, Alessio N, Farina A, Sandomenico A, Cipollaro M, Peluso G, Galderisi U, Chambery A. Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins 4 and 7 released by senescent cells promote premature senescence in mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e911. [PMID: 24201810 PMCID: PMC3847322 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is the permanent arrest of cell cycle, physiologically related to aging and aging-associated diseases. Senescence is also recognized as a mechanism for limiting the regenerative potential of stem cells and to protect cells from cancer development. The senescence program is realized through autocrine/paracrine pathways based on the activation of a peculiar senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). We show here that conditioned media (CM) of senescent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) contain a set of secreted factors that are able to induce a full senescence response in young cells. To delineate a hallmark of stem cells SASP, we have characterized the factors secreted by senescent MSC identifying insulin-like growth factor binding proteins 4 and 7 (IGFBP4 and IGFBP7) as key components needed for triggering senescence in young MSC. The pro-senescent effects of IGFBP4 and IGFBP7 are reversed by single or simultaneous immunodepletion of either proteins from senescent-CM. The blocking of IGFBP4/7 also reduces apoptosis and promotes cell growth, suggesting that they may have a pleiotropic effect on MSC biology. Furthermore, the simultaneous addition of rIGFBP4/7 increased senescence and induced apoptosis in young MSC. Collectively, these results suggest the occurrence of novel-secreted factors regulating MSC cellular senescence of potential importance for regenerative medicine and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Severino
- 1] Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy [2] Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging-IBB, CNR, Napoli, Italy [3] Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi-CIRPEB, Napoli, Italy
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19
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Makridakis M, Roubelakis MG, Vlahou A. Stem cells: Insights into the secretome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2013; 1834:2380-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 01/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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20
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An integrated approach based on multiplexed protein array and iTRAQ labeling for in-depth identification of pathways associated to IVF outcome. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77303. [PMID: 24146976 PMCID: PMC3797768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of high-throughput protein quantification methodologies has enabled the comprehensive characterization by longitudinal and cross-sectional studies of biological fluids under physiological and pathological conditions. In particular, the simultaneous investigation of cytokines and growth factors signaling pathways and their associated downstream effectors by integrated multiplexed approaches offers a powerful strategy to gain insights into biological networks and processes in living systems. A growing body of research indicates that bioactive molecules of human reproductive fluids, including human follicular fluid (hFF), may affect oocyte quality, fertilization and embryo development, thus potentially influencing the physiopathology of pregnancy-related conditions. In this work, an iTRAQ labeling strategy has been complemented with a multiplexed protein array approach to analyze hFFs with the aim to investigate biological processes and pathways related to in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome. The iTRAQ labeling strategy lead to the quantification of 89 proteins, 30 of which were differentially expressed in hFFs with successful compared to unsuccessful IVF outcome. The targeted study, based on multiplexed antibody protein arrays, allowed the simultaneous quantification of 27 low abundance proteins, including growth factors, chemokines and cytokines endowed with pro- and anti-inflammatory activity. A significant number of differentially regulated proteins were involved in biological functions related to blood coagulation, acute phase response signaling and complement system. Overall, the present results provide an integrated overview of protein changes in hFFs associated to IVF outcome, thus improving current knowledge in reproductive medicine and fertility research.
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21
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Hansson J, Krijgsveld J. Proteomic analysis of cell fate decision. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2013; 23:540-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Sart S, Ma T, Li Y. Extracellular matrices decellularized from embryonic stem cells maintained their structure and signaling specificity. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 20:54-66. [PMID: 23848515 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) emerge as a promising tool for tissue engineering and regenerative medicines due to their extensive self-renewal ability and the capacity to give rise to cells from all three-germ layers. ESCs also secrete a large amount of endogenous extracellular matrices (ECMs), which play an important role in regulating ESC self-renewal, lineage commitment, and tissue morphogenesis. ECMs derived from ESCs have a broader signaling capacity compared to somatic ECMs and are predicted to have a lower risk of tumor formation associated with ESCs. In this study, ECMs from undifferentiated ESC monolayers, undifferentiated aggregates, or differentiated embryoid bodies at different developmental stages and lineage specifications were decellularized and their capacities to direct ESC proliferation and differentiation were characterized. The results demonstrate that the ESC-derived ECMs were able to influence ESC proliferation and differentiation by direct interactions with the cells and by influencing the signaling functions of the regulatory macromolecules such as retinoic acid. Such matrices have the potential to present regulatory signals to direct lineage- and development-specific cellular responses for in vitro applications or cell delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Sart
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida
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23
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The secretome of alginate-encapsulated limbal epithelial stem cells modulates corneal epithelial cell proliferation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70860. [PMID: 23894686 PMCID: PMC3722209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Limbal epithelial stem cells may ameliorate limbal stem cell deficiency through secretion of therapeutic proteins, delivered to the cornea in a controlled manner using hydrogels. In the present study the secretome of alginate-encapsulated limbal epithelial stem cells is investigated. Conditioned medium was generated from limbal epithelial stem cells encapsulated in 1.2% (w/v) calcium alginate gels. Conditioned medium proteins separated by 1-D gel electrophoresis were visualized by silver staining. Proteins of interest including secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine, profilin-1, and galectin-1 were identified by immunoblotting. The effect of conditioned medium (from alginate-encapsulated limbal epithelial stem cells) on corneal epithelial cell proliferation was quantified and shown to significantly inhibit (P≤0.05) their growth. As secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine was previously reported to attenuate proliferation of epithelial cells, this protein may be responsible, at least in part, for inhibition of corneal epithelial cell proliferation. We conclude that limbal epithelial stem cells encapsulated in alginate gels may regulate corneal epithelialisation through secretion of inhibitory proteins.
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24
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Armengaud J, Christie-Oleza JA, Clair G, Malard V, Duport C. Exoproteomics: exploring the world around biological systems. Expert Rev Proteomics 2013. [PMID: 23194272 DOI: 10.1586/epr.12.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The term 'exoproteome' describes the protein content that can be found in the extracellular proximity of a given biological system. These proteins arise from cellular secretion, other protein export mechanisms or cell lysis, but only the most stable proteins in this environment will remain in abundance. It has been shown that these proteins reflect the physiological state of the cells in a given condition and are indicators of how living systems interact with their environments. High-throughput proteomic approaches based on a shotgun strategy, and high-resolution mass spectrometers, have modified the authors' view of exoproteomes. In the present review, the authors describe how these new approaches should be exploited to obtain the maximum useful information from a sample, whatever its origin. The methodologies used for studying secretion from model cell lines derived from eukaryotic, multicellular organisms, virulence determinants of pathogens and environmental bacteria and their relationships with their habitats are illustrated with several examples. The implication of such data, in terms of proteogenomics and the discovery of novel protein functions, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Armengaud
- CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Biochim System Perturb, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, F-30207, France.
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25
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White DE, Kinney MA, McDevitt TC, Kemp ML. Spatial pattern dynamics of 3D stem cell loss of pluripotency via rules-based computational modeling. PLoS Comput Biol 2013; 9:e1002952. [PMID: 23516345 PMCID: PMC3597536 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the unique ability to differentiate into cells from all germ lineages, making them a potentially robust cell source for regenerative medicine therapies, but difficulties in predicting and controlling ESC differentiation currently limit the development of therapies and applications from such cells. A common approach to induce the differentiation of ESCs in vitro is via the formation of multicellular aggregates known as embryoid bodies (EBs), yet cell fate specification within EBs is generally considered an ill-defined and poorly controlled process. Thus, the objective of this study was to use rules-based cellular modeling to provide insight into which processes influence initial cell fate transitions in 3-dimensional microenvironments. Mouse embryonic stem cells (D3 cell line) were differentiated to examine the temporal and spatial patterns associated with loss of pluripotency as measured through Oct4 expression. Global properties of the multicellular aggregates were accurately recapitulated by a physics-based aggregation simulation when compared to experimentally measured physical parameters of EBs. Oct4 expression patterns were analyzed by confocal microscopy over time and compared to simulated trajectories of EB patterns. The simulations demonstrated that loss of Oct4 can be modeled as a binary process, and that associated patterns can be explained by a set of simple rules that combine baseline stochasticity with intercellular communication. Competing influences between Oct4+ and Oct4- neighbors result in the observed patterns of pluripotency loss within EBs, establishing the utility of rules-based modeling for hypothesis generation of underlying ESC differentiation processes. Importantly, the results indicate that the rules dominate the emergence of patterns independent of EB structure, size, or cell division. In combination with strategies to engineer cellular microenvironments, this type of modeling approach is a powerful tool to predict stem cell behavior under a number of culture conditions that emulate characteristics of 3D stem cell niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas E. White
- The Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Melissa A. Kinney
- The Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Todd C. McDevitt
- The Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Melissa L. Kemp
- The Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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26
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Abstract
Most biological processes including growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis are coordinated by tightly regulated signaling pathways, which also involve secreted proteins acting in an autocrine and/or paracrine manner. In addition, extracellular signaling molecules affect local niche biology and influence the cross-talking with the surrounding tissues. The understanding of this molecular language may provide an integrated and broader view of cellular regulatory networks under physiological and pathological conditions. In this context, the profiling at a global level of cell secretomes (i.e., the subpopulations of a proteome secreted from the cell) has become an active area of research. The current interest in secretome research also deals with its high potential for the biomarker discovery and the identification of new targets for therapeutic strategies. Several proteomic and mass spectrometry platforms and methodologies have been applied to secretome profiling of conditioned media of cultured cell lines and primary cells. Nevertheless, the analysis of secreted proteins is still a very challenging task, because of the technical difficulties that may hamper the subsequent mass spectrometry analysis. This chapter describes a typical workflow for the analysis of proteins secreted by cultured cells. Crucial issues related to cell culture conditions for the collection of conditioned media, secretome preparation, and mass spectrometry analysis are discussed. Furthermore, an overview of quantitative LC-MS-based approaches, computational tools for data analysis, and strategies for validation of potential secretome biomarkers is also presented.
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Severino V, Farina A, Colucci-D'Amato L, Reccia MG, Volpicelli F, Parente A, Chambery A. Secretome profiling of differentiated neural mes-c-myc A1 cell line endowed with stem cell properties. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2012; 1834:2385-95. [PMID: 23246712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation play a crucial role in the formation and wiring of neuronal connections forming neuronal circuits. During neural tissues development, a large diversity of neuronal phenotypes is produced from neural precursor cells. In recent years, the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which specific types of neurons are generated have been explored with the aim to elucidate the complex events leading to the generation of different phenotypes via distinctive developmental programs that control self-renewal, differentiation, and plasticity. The extracellular environment is thought to provide instructive influences that actively induce the production of specific neuronal phenotypes. In this work, the secretome profiling of differentiated neural mes-c-myc A1 (A1) cell line endowed with stem cell properties was analyzed by applying a shotgun LC-MS/MS approach. The results provide a list of secreted molecules with potential relevance for the functional and biological features characterizing the A1 neuronal phenotype. Proteins involved in biological processes closely related to nervous system development including neurites growth, differentiation of neurons and axonogenesis were identified. Among them, proteins belonging to extracellular matrix and cell-adhesion complexes as well as soluble factors with well established neurotrophic properties were detected. The presented work provides the basis to clarify the complex extracellular protein networks implicated in neuronal differentiation and in the acquisition of the neuronal phenotype. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: An Updated Secretome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Severino
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
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