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Barman SK, Sen MK, Mahns DA, Wu MJ, Malladi CS. Molecular Insights into the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cells in Response to the Change of Extracellular Zinc. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2024; 2024:9925970. [PMID: 38249992 PMCID: PMC10798840 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9925970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Zinc dyshomeostasis is manifested in breast and prostate cancer cells. This study attempted to uncover the molecular details prodded by the change of extracellular zinc by employing a panel of normal and cancerous breast and prostate cell lines coupled with the top-down proteomics with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The protein samples were generated from MCF-7 breast cancer cells, MCF10A normal breast cells, PC3 prostate cancer cells, and RWPE-1 normal prostate cells with or without exogenous zinc exposure in a time course (T0 and T120). By comparing the cancer cells vs respective normal epithelial cells without zinc treatment (T0), differentially expressed proteins (23 upregulated and 18 downregulated in MCF-7 cells; 14 upregulated and 30 downregulated in PC3 cells) were identified, which provides insights into the intrinsic differences of breast and prostate cancer cells. The dynamic protein landscapes in the cancer cells prodded by the extracellular zinc treatment reveal the potential roles of the identified zinc-responsive proteins (e.g., triosephosphate isomerase, S100A13, tumour proteins hD53 and hD54, and tumour suppressor prohibitin) in breast and prostate cancers. This study, for the first time, simultaneously investigated the two kinds of cancer cells related to zinc dyshomeostasis, and the findings shed light on the molecular understanding of the breast and prostate cancer cells in response to extracellular zinc variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shital K. Barman
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Monokesh K. Sen
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia
| | - David A. Mahns
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Ming J. Wu
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Chandra S. Malladi
- Proteomics and Lipidomics Lab, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
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2
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Chen F, Gurler SB, Novo D, Selli C, Alferez DG, Eroglu S, Pavlou K, Zhang J, Sims AH, Humphreys NE, Adamson A, Campbell A, Sansom OJ, Tournier C, Clarke RB, Brennan K, Streuli CH, Ucar A. RAC1B function is essential for breast cancer stem cell maintenance and chemoresistance of breast tumor cells. Oncogene 2023; 42:679-692. [PMID: 36599922 PMCID: PMC9957727 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSC) are presumed to be responsible for treatment resistance, tumor recurrence and metastasis of breast tumors. However, development of BCSC-targeting therapies has been held back by their heterogeneity and the lack of BCSC-selective molecular targets. Here, we demonstrate that RAC1B, the only known alternatively spliced variant of the small GTPase RAC1, is expressed in a subset of BCSCs in vivo and its function is required for the maintenance of BCSCs and their chemoresistance to doxorubicin. In human breast cancer cell line MCF7, RAC1B is required for BCSC plasticity and chemoresistance to doxorubicin in vitro and for tumor-initiating abilities in vivo. Unlike Rac1, Rac1b function is dispensable for normal mammary gland development and mammary epithelial stem cell (MaSC) activity. In contrast, loss of Rac1b function in a mouse model of breast cancer hampers the BCSC activity and increases their chemosensitivity to doxorubicin treatment. Collectively, our data suggest that RAC1B is a clinically relevant molecular target for the development of BCSC-targeting therapies that may improve the effectiveness of doxorubicin-mediated chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhui Chen
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sevim B. Gurler
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Novo
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Cigdem Selli
- grid.470904.e0000 0004 0496 2805Applied Bioinformatics of Cancer, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Denis G. Alferez
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Breast Biology Group, Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Secil Eroglu
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kyriaki Pavlou
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew H. Sims
- grid.470904.e0000 0004 0496 2805Applied Bioinformatics of Cancer, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Neil E. Humphreys
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Genome Editing Unit, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Antony Adamson
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Genome Editing Unit, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Campbell
- grid.23636.320000 0000 8821 5196Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Owen J. Sansom
- grid.23636.320000 0000 8821 5196Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK ,grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XSchool of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Cathy Tournier
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Robert B. Clarke
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Breast Biology Group, Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Keith Brennan
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Charles H. Streuli
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ahmet Ucar
- Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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3
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Koh EY, Kim KS, Park HB, Kim JS, Kim PH. Active Targeting of Versatile Nanocomplex Using the Novel Biomarker of Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010685. [PMID: 36614128 PMCID: PMC9821020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer in women is one of the most common life-threatening malignancies. Despite of the development for the improved treatment, there are still many limitations to overcome. Among them, cancer stem cells (CSCs) are well known for tumor formation, development, cellular heterogeneity, and cancer recurrence. Therefore, to completely cure breast cancer, treatment of both cancer and CSC is required. To selectively target CSCs, we generated a liposome-based smart nano complex using CEACAM 6 (CD66c) antibody (Ab), a novel cell-surface biomarker of breast-derived CSCs (BCSCs) discovered in our previous research. Selective and increased cellular uptake was observed in BCSCs treated with CD66c Ab-conjugated rhodamine-labeled liposomes (CDRHOL) depending on the expression level of CD66c. CD66c Ab-conjugated doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded liposomes (CDDOXL) selectively showed increased cell killing effects in BCSCs with high CD66c expression levels. In an in vivo animal study, CDRHOL showed enhanced accumulation in xenografted BCSC tumors with low delivery into non-target organs. Moreover, mice treated with CDDOXL have assessed the decreased induction ability of immune response by low expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced liver toxicity by histopathological analysis. Finally, the improved antitumor effect of CDDOXL was evaluated in a metastatic BCSC mouse model via systemic administration. Collectively, our study is the first to demonstrate that a multi-functional nano complex using a novel surface biomarker of BCSC may be a more effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of cancer and CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Koh
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Sik Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Bin Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Kim
- Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-600-8436; Fax: +82-42-600-8408
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4
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Miles HN, Delafield DG, Li L. Recent Developments and Applications of Quantitative Proteomics Strategies for High-Throughput Biomolecular Analyses in Cancer Research. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 4:1050-1072. [PMID: 34430874 PMCID: PMC8341969 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00039j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Innovations in medical technology and dedicated focus from the scientific community have inspired numerous treatment strategies for benign and invasive cancers. While these improvements often lend themselves to more positive prognoses and greater patient longevity, means for early detection and severity stratification have failed to keep pace. Detection and validation of cancer-specific biomarkers hinges on the ability to identify subtype-specific phenotypic and proteomic alterations and the systematic screening of diverse patient groups. For this reason, clinical and scientific research settings rely on high throughput and high sensitivity mass spectrometry methods to discover and quantify unique molecular perturbations in cancer patients. Discussed within is an overview of quantitative proteomics strategies and a summary of recent applications that enable revealing potential biomarkers and treatment targets in prostate, ovarian, breast, and pancreatic cancer in a high throughput manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah N. Miles
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison777 Highland AvenueMadisonWI53705-2222USA+1-608-262-5345+1-608-265-8491
| | | | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison777 Highland AvenueMadisonWI53705-2222USA+1-608-262-5345+1-608-265-8491
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA
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5
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Li W, Li Y, Cui Y, Li S, Zhu Y, Shang C, Song G, Liu Z, Xiu Z, Cong J, Li T, Li X, Sun L, Jin N. Anti-tumour effects of a dual cancer-specific oncolytic adenovirus on Breast Cancer Stem cells. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:666-676. [PMID: 33305893 PMCID: PMC7812255 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptin can specifically kill cancer cells but has no toxicity to normal cells. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) can act as a tumour‐specific promoter by triggering the expression of certain genes in tumour cells. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effects and to explore the inhibitory pathway of a dual cancer‐specific recombinant adenovirus (Ad‐apoptin‐hTERTp‐E1a, Ad‐VT) on breast cancer stem cells. Breast cancer cell spheres were obtained from MCF‐7 cells through serum‐free suspension culture. The cell spheres were detected by flow cytometry for CD44+ CD24− cell subsets. The stemness of MCF‐7‐CSC cells was confirmed by in vivo tumorigenesis experiments. The inhibitory effect of the recombinant adenoviruses on MCF‐7‐CSC cells was evaluated by CCK‐8 assay. In addition, the stemness of adenovirus‐infected MCF‐7‐CSC cells was analysed by testing the presence of CD44+ CD24− cell subsets. The ability of the recombinant adenovirus to induce MCF‐7‐CSC cell apoptosis was detected by staining JC‐1, TMRM and Annexin V. Our results showed that a significantly higher proportion of the CD44+ CD24− cell subsets was present in MCF‐7‐CSC cells with a significantly increased expression of stem cell marker proteins. The MCF‐7‐CSC cells, whlist exhibited a strong tumorigenic ability with a certain degree of stemness in mice, were shown to be strongly inhibited by recombinant adenovirus Ad‐VT through cell apoptosis. In addition, Ad‐VT was shown to exert a killing effect on BCSCs. These results provide a new theoretical basis for the future treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Yiquan Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Yingli Cui
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shanzhi Li
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Yilong Zhu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Shang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Gaojie Song
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Zirui Liu
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiru Xiu
- Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Jianan Cong
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Tingyu Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.,Academician Workstation of Jilin Province, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
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6
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Dzobo K, Senthebane DA, Ganz C, Thomford NE, Wonkam A, Dandara C. Advances in Therapeutic Targeting of Cancer Stem Cells within the Tumor Microenvironment: An Updated Review. Cells 2020; 9:E1896. [PMID: 32823711 PMCID: PMC7464860 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite great strides being achieved in improving cancer patients' outcomes through better therapies and combinatorial treatment, several hurdles still remain due to therapy resistance, cancer recurrence and metastasis. Drug resistance culminating in relapse continues to be associated with fatal disease. The cancer stem cell theory posits that tumors are driven by specialized cancer cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are a subpopulation of cancer cells known to be resistant to therapy and cause metastasis. Whilst the debate on whether CSCs are the origins of the primary tumor rages on, CSCs have been further characterized in many cancers with data illustrating that CSCs display great abilities to self-renew, resist therapies due to enhanced epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) properties, enhanced expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) membrane transporters, activation of several survival signaling pathways and increased immune evasion as well as DNA repair mechanisms. CSCs also display great heterogeneity with the consequential lack of specific CSC markers presenting a great challenge to their targeting. In this updated review we revisit CSCs within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and present novel treatment strategies targeting CSCs. These promising strategies include targeting CSCs-specific properties using small molecule inhibitors, immunotherapy, microRNA mediated inhibitors, epigenetic methods as well as targeting CSC niche-microenvironmental factors and differentiation. Lastly, we present recent clinical trials undertaken to try to turn the tide against cancer by targeting CSC-associated drug resistance and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dzobo
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (D.A.S.); (C.G.)
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Dimakatso Alice Senthebane
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (D.A.S.); (C.G.)
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Chelene Ganz
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (D.A.S.); (C.G.)
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Nicholas Ekow Thomford
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (N.E.T.); (A.W.); (C.D.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, PMB, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Ambroise Wonkam
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (N.E.T.); (A.W.); (C.D.)
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (N.E.T.); (A.W.); (C.D.)
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7
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Borah A, Pillai SC, Rochani AK, Palaninathan V, Nakajima Y, Maekawa T, Kumar DS. GANT61 and curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles for GLI1 and PI3K/Akt-mediated inhibition in breast adenocarcinoma. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:185102. [PMID: 31952056 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab6d20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Current conventional mono and combination therapeutic strategies often fail to target breast cancer tissue effectively due to tumor heterogeneity comprising cancer stem cells (CSCs) and bulk tumor cells. This is further associated with drug toxicity and resistivity in the long run. A nanomedicine platform incorporating combination anti-cancer treatment might overcome these challenges and generate synergistic anti-cancer effects and also reduce drug toxicity. GANT61 and curcumin were co-delivered via polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) for the first time to elicit enhanced anti-tumor activity against heterogeneous breast cancer cell line MCF-7. We adopted the single-emulsion-solvent evaporation method for the preparation of the therapeutic NPs. The GANT61-curcumin PLGA NPs were characterized for their size, shape and chemical properties, and anti-cancer cell studies were undertaken for the plausible explanation of our hypothesis. The synthesized GANT61-curcumin PLGA NPs had a spherical, smooth surface morphology, and an average size of 347.4 d. nm. The NPs induced cytotoxic effects in breast cancer cells at a mid-minimal dosage followed by cell death via autophagy and apoptosis, reduction in their target protein expression along with compromising the self-renewal property of CSCs as revealed by their in vitro cell studies. The dual-drug NPs thus provide a novel perspective on aiding existing anti-cancer nanomedicine therapies to target a heterogeneous tumor mass effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Borah
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science, Toyo University, 2100, Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan
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8
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Koh EY, You JE, Jung SH, Kim PH. Biological Functions and Identification of Novel Biomarker Expressed on the Surface of Breast Cancer-Derived Cancer Stem Cells via Proteomic Analysis. Mol Cells 2020; 43:384-396. [PMID: 32235022 PMCID: PMC7191048 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2020.2230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common life-threatening malignancies and the top cause of cancer deaths in women. Although many conventional therapies exist for its treatment, breast cancer still has many handicaps to overcome. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a well-known cause of tumor recurrences due to the ability of CSCs for self-renewal and differentiation into cell subpopulations, similar to stem cells. To fully treat breast cancer, a strategy for the treatment of both cancer cells and CSCs is required. However, current strategies for the eradication of CSCs are non-specific and have low efficacy. Therefore, surface biomarkers to selectively treat CSCs need to be developed. Here, 34 out of 641 surface biomarkers on CSCs were identified by proteomic analysis between the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 and MCF-7-derived CSCs. Among them, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules 6 (CEACAM6 or CD66c), a member of the CEA family, was selected as a novel biomarker on the CSC surface. This biomarker was then experimentally validated and evaluated for use as a CSC-specific marker. Its biological effects were assessed by treating breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) with short hairpin (sh)-RNA under oxidative cellular conditions. This study is the first to evaluate the biological function of CD66c as a novel biomarker on the surface of CSCs. This marker is available as a moiety for use in the development of targeted therapeutic agents against CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Koh
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun You
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Se-Hwa Jung
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Pyung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
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9
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Pinto G, D'Acierno M, Illiano A, Petruk G, Ferraro G, Merlino A, Monti DM, Godovac-Zimmermann J, Amoresano A. Label-free quantitative proteomics of the MCF-7 cellular response to a ferritin–metallodrug complex. Mol Omics 2020; 16:165-173. [DOI: 10.1039/c9mo00158a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Schematic summary of the experimental workflow based on label-free quantitative proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Pinto
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Napoli
- Italy
| | | | - Anna Illiano
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Napoli
- Italy
| | - Ganna Petruk
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Napoli
- Italy
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Napoli
- Italy
- Department of Chemistry Ugo Schiff
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Napoli
- Italy
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Napoli
- Italy
| | | | - Angela Amoresano
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Napoli
- Italy
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10
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Boo L, Yeap SK, Ali NM, Ho WY, Ky H, Satharasinghe DA, Liew WC, Tan SW, Wang ML, Cheong SK, Ong HK. Phenotypic and microRNA characterization of the neglected CD24+ cell population in MCF-7 breast cancer 3-dimensional spheroid culture. J Chin Med Assoc 2020; 83:67-76. [PMID: 31904742 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro 3-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture has been widely used as model to enrich CD44CD24 cancer stem cells (CSC) with high aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity. Although CD24 subpopulation was known to be present in 3D spheroids and may influence cancer drug therapies, its characteristics and CSC properties were not well defined. METHODS In this study, CD24 population from the Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) spheroid was sorted and subjected to spheroid formation test, stem cell markers immunofluorescence, invasion and migration test, as well as microRNA expression profiling. RESULTS Sorted MCF-7 CD24 cells from primary spheroids were able to reform its 3D spheroid shape after 7 days in nonadherent culture conditions. In contrast to the primary spheroids, the expression of SOX-2, CD44, CD49f, and Nanog was dim in MCF-7 CD24 cells. Remarkably, MCF-7 CD24 cells were found to show high expression of ALDH1 protein which may have resulted in these cells exhibiting higher resistance against doxorubicin and cisplatin when compared with that of the parental cells. Moreover, microRNA profiling has shown that the absence of CSC properties was consistent with the downregulation of major CSCs-related pathways including Hedgehog, wingless-related integration site (Wnt), and microtubule associated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. However, the upregulated pathways such as adherens junctions, focal adhesion, and tight junction suggest that CD24 cells were probably at an epithelial-like state of cell transition. CONCLUSION In conclusion, neglected CD24 cells in MCF-7 spheroid did not exhibit typical breast CSCs properties. The presence of miRNAs and their analyzed pathways suggested that these cells could be a distinct intermediate cell state in breast CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Boo
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia Campus, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norlaily Mohd Ali
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (Malaysia Campus), Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Huynh Ky
- Department of Agriculture Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Applied Biology, Can Tho University, Vietnam
| | - Dilan Amila Satharasinghe
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Woan Charn Liew
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sheau Wei Tan
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mong-Lien Wang
- Division of Basic Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Soon Keng Cheong
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Han Kiat Ong
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Cheras, Malaysia
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11
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Khosla R, Hemati H, Rastogi A, Ramakrishna G, Sarin SK, Trehanpati N. miR-26b-5p helps in EpCAM+cancer stem cells maintenance via HSC71/HSPA8 and augments malignant features in HCC. Liver Int 2019; 39:1692-1703. [PMID: 31276277 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is difficult because of their similarities with normal stem cells (NSCs). EpCAM can identify CSCs from EpCAM+AFP+HCC cases, but is also expressed on NSCs. We aimed to distinguish the two using integrated protein, mRNA and miRNA profiling. METHODS iTRAQ based protein profiling and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) was performed on EpCAM+/EpCAM- cells isolated from HCC (Ep+CSC, Ep- HCC) and EpCAM+ cells from non-cancerous/non-cirrhotic control liver tissues (Ep+NSC). Validations were done using qRT-PCR, flowcytometry and western blotting followed by in vitro and in vivo functional studies. RESULTS 11 proteins were overexpressed (>3 fold) in Ep+CSCs compared to Ep- HCC and Ep+NSC cells. However, RNA-sequencing confirmed the Ep+CSC specific up-regulation of only HSPA8, HNRNPC, MPST and GAPDH mRNAs among these. Database search combined with miRNA profiling revealed Ep+ CSC specific down-regulation of 29 miRNAs targeting these four genes. Of these, only miR-26b-5p was found to target both HSPA8 and EpCAM. Validation of HSPA8 overexpression and miR-26b-5p down-regulation followed by linear regression analysis established a negative correlation between the two. Functional studies demonstrated that reduced miR-26b-5p expression increased the spheroid formation, migration, invasion and tumourigenicity of Ep+ CSCs. Furthermore, anti-miR-26b-5p increased the number of Ep+ CSCs with a concomitant overexpression of stemness genes and reduction of proapoptotic protein BBC3, which is a known substrate of HSPA8. CONCLUSION miR-26b-5p imparts metastatic properties and helps in maintenance of Ep+ CSCs via HSPA8. Thus, miR-26b-5p and HSPA8 could serve as molecular targets for selectively eliminating the Ep+ CSC population in human HCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Khosla
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
| | - Hamed Hemati
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Gayatri Ramakrishna
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv K Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, ILBS, New Delhi, India
| | - Nirupma Trehanpati
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
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12
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Brunoro GVF, Carvalho PC, Barbosa VC, Pagnoncelli D, De Moura Gallo CV, Perales J, Zahedi RP, Valente RH, Neves-Ferreira AGDC. Differential proteomic comparison of breast cancer secretome using a quantitative paired analysis workflow. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:365. [PMID: 30999875 PMCID: PMC6474050 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5547-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Worldwide, breast cancer is the main cause of cancer mortality in women. Most cases originate in mammary ductal cells that produce the nipple aspirate fluid (NAF). In cancer patients, this secretome contains proteins associated with the tumor microenvironment. NAF studies are challenging because of inter-individual variability. We introduced a paired-proteomic shotgun strategy that relies on NAF analysis from both breasts of patients with unilateral breast cancer and extended PatternLab for Proteomics software to take advantage of this setup. Methods The software is based on a peptide-centric approach and uses the binomial distribution to attribute a probability for each peptide as being linked to the disease; these probabilities are propagated to a final protein p-value according to the Stouffer’s Z-score method. Results A total of 1227 proteins were identified and quantified, of which 87 were differentially abundant, being mainly involved in glycolysis (Warburg effect) and immune system activation (activated stroma). Additionally, in the estrogen receptor-positive subgroup, proteins related to the regulation of insulin-like growth factor transport and platelet degranulation displayed higher abundance, confirming the presence of a proliferative microenvironment. Conclusions We debuted a differential bioinformatics workflow for the proteomic analysis of NAF, validating this secretome as a treasure-trove for studying a paired-organ cancer type. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5547-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Villa Flor Brunoro
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Paulo Costa Carvalho
- Laboratory for Proteomics and Protein Engineering, Carlos Chagas Institute, Fiocruz, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775, CIC, Paraná, 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Valmir C Barbosa
- Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68511, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Brazil
| | - Dante Pagnoncelli
- Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology, Gynecology Department, Fernandes Figueira Institute, Fiocruz, Av. Rui Barbosa 716, Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro, 22250-020, Brazil
| | - Claudia Vitória De Moura Gallo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tumors, Department of Genetics, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900, Brazil
| | - Jonas Perales
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - René Peiman Zahedi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6b, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.,Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute at the Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Richard Hemmi Valente
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-360, Brazil
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13
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Tan Z, Yi X, Carruthers NJ, Stemmer PM, Lubman DM. Single Amino Acid Variant Discovery in Small Numbers of Cells. J Proteome Res 2018; 18:417-425. [PMID: 30404448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We have performed deep proteomic profiling down to as few as 9 Panc-1 cells using sample fractionation, TMT multiplexing, and a carrier/reference strategy. Off line fractionation of the TMT-labeled sample pooled with TMT-labeled carrier Panc-1 whole cell proteome was achieved using alkaline reversed phase spin columns. The fractionation in conjunction with the carrier/reference (C/R) proteome allowed us to detect 47 414 unique peptides derived from 6261 proteins, which provided a sufficient coverage to search for single amino acid variants (SAAVs) related to cancer. This high sample coverage is essential in order to detect a significant number of SAAVs. In order to verify genuine SAAVs versus false SAAVs, we used the SAVControl pipeline and found a total of 79 SAAVs from the 9-cell Panc-1 sample and 174 SAAVs from the 5000-cell Panc-1 C/R proteome. The SAAVs as sorted into high confidence and low confidence SAAVs were checked manually. All the high confidence SAAVs were found to be genuine SAAVs, while half of the low confidence SAAVs were found to be false SAAVs mainly related to PTMs. We identified several cancer-related SAAVs including KRAS, which is an important oncoprotein in pancreatic cancer. In addition, we were able to detect sites involved in loss or gain of glycosylation due to the enhanced coverage available in these experiments where we can detect both sites of loss and gain of glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Tan
- Department of Surgery , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Xinpei Yi
- NCMIS, RCSDS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,School of Mathematical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Nicholas J Carruthers
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences , Wayne State University , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences , Wayne State University , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - David M Lubman
- Department of Surgery , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
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14
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Sahana J, Nassef MZ, Wehland M, Kopp S, Krüger M, Corydon TJ, Infanger M, Bauer J, Grimm D. Decreased E-Cadherin in MCF7 Human Breast Cancer Cells Forming Multicellular Spheroids Exposed to Simulated Microgravity. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1800015. [PMID: 29785723 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
MCF7 human breast cancer cells were cultured under normal gravity (1 g) and on a random positioning machine (RPM) preventing sedimentation. After 2 weeks, adherent 1 g-control and adherent RPM cells (AD) as well as multicellular spheroids (MCS) were harvested. AD and MCS had been exposed to the RPM in the same culture flask. In a subsequent proteome analysis, the majority of the proteins detected showed similar label-free quantification (LFQ) scores in each of the respective subpopulations, but in both AD or MCS cultures, proteins were also found whose LFQs deviated at least twofold from their counterparts in the 1 g-control cells. They included the cell junction protein E-cadherin, which was diminished in MCS cells, where proteins of the E-cadherin autodegradation pathway were enhanced and c-Src (proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase c-Src) was detected. Spheroid formation was prevented by inhibition of c-Src but promoted by antibodies blocking E-cadherin activity. An interaction analysis of the detected proteins that are involved in forming and regulating junctions or adhesion complexes and in E-cadherin autodegradation indicated connections between the two protein groups. This suggests that the balance of proteins that up- or downregulate E-cadherin mediates the tendency of MCF7 cells to form MCS during RPM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Sahana
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mohamed Zakaria Nassef
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Kopp
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas J Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johann Bauer
- Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Gravitational Biology and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Mechanical Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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15
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Israel BB, Tilghman SL, Parker-Lemieux K, Payton-Stewart F. Phytochemicals: Current strategies for treating breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7471-7478. [PMID: 29755596 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Females with early-stage metastatic, estrogen-dependent breast cancer are generally treated with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, or with more targeted approaches such as aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole or letrozole) or anti-estrogens (tamoxifen). Despite widespread successful usage of these agents for the treatment of breast cancer, resistance, tumor relapse and metastasis remain the principal causes of mortality for patients with breast cancer. While numerous groups have made major contributions toward an improved understanding of resistance mechanisms, the currently insufficient grasp of the most critical pathways involved in resistance is evident in the inability to adequately treat and drastically improve patient outcomes in females with hormone-refractory breast cancer, including triple negative breast cancer. Therefore, further investigation of novel therapeutic approaches is paramount to reveal previously unconsidered agents that could be utilized to treat metastatic disease. Numerous naturally occurring phytochemicals have recently gained interest as potential therapeutic breast cancer agents appear to directly affect estrogen-dependent and estrogen-independent breast cancer cell proliferation, potentially via affecting breast cancer stem cell populations. While numerous natural compounds have exhibited promise, they are limited by their bioavailability. Therefore, to effectively treat future hormone-refractory breast tumors, it is critical to adequately refine and formulate these agents for effective therapeutic use and delivery. Herein, the literature on the current state of phytochemicals is reviewed, including their limitations and potential as targeted therapies for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridg'ette B Israel
- Division of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Syreeta L Tilghman
- Division of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Kitani Parker-Lemieux
- Division of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Florastina Payton-Stewart
- Division of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
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16
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Dzobo K, Senthebane DA, Rowe A, Thomford NE, Mwapagha LM, Al-Awwad N, Dandara C, Parker MI. Cancer Stem Cell Hypothesis for Therapeutic Innovation in Clinical Oncology? Taking the Root Out, Not Chopping the Leaf. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2017; 20:681-691. [PMID: 27930094 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2016.0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clinical oncology is in need of therapeutic innovation. New hypotheses and concepts for translation of basic research to novel diagnostics and therapeutics are called for. In this context, the cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis rests on the premise that tumors comprise tumor cells and a subset of tumor-initiating cells, CSCs, in a quiescent state characterized by slow cell cycling and expression of specific stem cell surface markers with the capability to maintain a tumor in vivo. The CSCs have unlimited self-renewal abilities and propagate tumors through division into asymmetric daughter cells. This differentiation is induced by both genetic and environmental factors. Another characteristic of CSCs is their therapeutic resistance, which is due to their quiescent state and slow dividing. Notably, the CSC phenotype differs greatly between patients and different cancer types. The CSCs may differ genetically and phenotypically and may include primary CSCs and metastatic stem cells circulating within the blood system. Targeting CSCs will require the knowledge of distinct stem cells within the tumor. CSCs can differentiate into nontumorigenic cells and this has been touted as the source of heterogeneity observed in many solid tumors. The latter cannot be fully explained by epigenetic regulation or by the clonal evolution theory. This heterogeneity markedly influences how tumors respond to therapy and prognosis. The present expert review offers an analysis and synthesis of the latest research and concepts on CSCs, with a view to truly disruptive innovation for future diagnostics and therapeutics in clinical oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dzobo
- 1 International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa .,2 Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town , Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dimakatso Alice Senthebane
- 1 International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa .,2 Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town , Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Arielle Rowe
- 1 International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa .,2 Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town , Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicholas Ekow Thomford
- 3 Pharmacogenetics Research Group, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town , South Africa
| | - Lamech M Mwapagha
- 1 International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa .,2 Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town , Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nasir Al-Awwad
- 4 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Albaha University , Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Collet Dandara
- 3 Pharmacogenetics Research Group, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town , South Africa
| | - M Iqbal Parker
- 1 International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , Cape Town Component, Wernher and Beit Building (South), UCT Medical Campus, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa .,2 Division of Medical Biochemistry and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town , Cape Town, South Africa
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17
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Zhang Y, Zhou N, Yu X, Zhang X, Li S, Lei Z, Hu R, Li H, Mao Y, Wang X, Zhang J, Li Y, Guo H, Irwin DM, Niu G, Tan H. Tumacrophage: macrophages transformed into tumor stem-like cells by virulent genetic material from tumor cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82326-82343. [PMID: 29137267 PMCID: PMC5669893 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages are regarded as tumor-enhancers as they have key roles in the subversion of adaptive immunity and in inflammatory circuits that promote tumor progression. Here, we show that cancer cells can subvert macrophages yielding cells that have gained pro-tumor functions. When macrophages isolated from mice or humans are co-cultured with dead cancer cell line cells, induced to undergo apoptosis to mimic chemotherapy, up-regulation of pro-tumor gene expression was identified. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cancer cells by macrophages resulted in their transformation into tumor stem (initiating)-like cells, as indicated by the expression of epithelial markers (e.g., cytokeratin) and stem cell markers (e.g., Oct4) and their capability to differentiate in vitro and self-renew in serum-free media. Moreover, we identified a subset of monocytes/macrophages cells in the blood of cancer (breast, ovarian and colorectal) patients undergoing chemotherapy that harbor tumor transcripts. Our findings uncover a new role for macrophages in tumor development, where they can be transformed into tumor-like cells, potentially by horizontal gene transfer of tumor-derived genes, thus, by taking advantage of chemotherapy, these transformed macrophages promote tumor metastasis by escaping immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhuang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuyan Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanxin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Lei
- N & N Genetech Company, Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Ruobi Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqing Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinshu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 305 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - David M. Irwin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gang Niu
- N & N Genetech Company, Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Huanran Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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18
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Application of pharmacometrics and quantitative systems pharmacology to cancer therapy: The example of luminal a breast cancer. Pharmacol Res 2017; 124:20-33. [PMID: 28735000 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women, and the second most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. It is a heterogeneous disease composed of multiple subtypes with distinct morphologies and clinical implications. Quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) is an emerging discipline bridging systems biology with pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) leveraging the systematic understanding of drugs' efficacy and toxicity. Despite numerous challenges in applying computational methodologies for QSP and mechanism-based PK/PD models to biological, physiological, and pharmacological data, bridging these disciplines has the potential to enhance our understanding of complex disease systems such as BC. In QSP/PK/PD models, various sources of data are combined including large, multi-scale experimental data such as -omics (i.e. genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics), biomarkers (circulating and bound), PK, and PD endpoints. This offers a means for a translational application from pre-clinical mathematical models to patients, bridging the bench to bedside paradigm. Not only can these models be applied to inform and advance BC drug development, but they also could aid in optimizing combination therapies and rational dosing regimens for BC patients. Here, we review the current literature pertaining to the application of QSP and pharmacometrics-based pharmacotherapy in BC including bottom-up and top-down modeling approaches. Bottom-up modeling approaches employ mechanistic signal transduction pathways to predict the behavior of a biological system. The ones that are addressed in this review include signal transduction and homeostatic feedback modeling approaches. Alternatively, top-down modeling techniques are bioinformatics reconstruction techniques that infer static connections between molecules that make up a biological network and include (1) Bayesian networks, (2) co-expression networks, and (3) module-based approaches. This review also addresses novel techniques which utilize the principles of systems biology, synthetic lethality and tumor priming, both of which are discussed in relationship to novel drug targets and existing BC therapies. By utilizing QSP approaches, clinicians may develop a platform for improved dose individualization for subpopulation of BC patients, strengthen rationale in treatment designs, and explore mechanism elucidation for improving future treatments in BC medicine.
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19
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Burnett JP, Lim G, Li Y, Shah RB, Lim R, Paholak HJ, McDermott SP, Sun L, Tsume Y, Bai S, Wicha MS, Sun D, Zhang T. Sulforaphane enhances the anticancer activity of taxanes against triple negative breast cancer by killing cancer stem cells. Cancer Lett 2017; 394:52-64. [PMID: 28254410 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) typically exhibits rapid progression, high mortality and faster relapse rates relative to other breast cancer subtypes. In this report we examine the combination of taxanes (paclitaxel or docetaxel) with a breast cancer stem cell (CSC)-targeting agent sulforaphane for use against TNBC. We demonstrate that paclitaxel or docetaxel treatment induces IL-6 secretion and results in expansion of CSCs in TNBC cell lines. Conversely, sulforaphane is capable of preferentially eliminating CSCs, by inhibiting NF-κB p65 subunit translocation, downregulating p52 and consequent downstream transcriptional activity. Sulforaphane also reverses taxane-induced aldehyde dehydrogenase-positive (ALDH+) cell enrichment, and dramatically reduces the size and number of primary and secondary mammospheres formed. In vivo in an advanced treatment orthotopic mouse xenograft model together with extreme limiting dilution analysis (ELDA), the combination of docetaxel and sulforaphane exhibits a greater reduction in primary tumor volume and significantly reduces secondary tumor formation relative to either treatment alone. These results suggest that treatment of TNBCs with cytotoxic chemotherapy would be greatly benefited by the addition of sulforaphane to prevent expansion of and eliminate breast CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Burnett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gi Lim
- School of Science and Humanities, Husson University, Bangor, ME 04401, USA
| | - Yanyan Li
- School of Science and Humanities, Husson University, Bangor, ME 04401, USA
| | - Ronak B Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rebekah Lim
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, ME 04401, USA
| | - Hayley J Paholak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sean P McDermott
- Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lichao Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Tsume
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shuhua Bai
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, ME 04401, USA
| | - Max S Wicha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Duxin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, ME 04401, USA.
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Tan Z, Nie S, McDermott SP, Wicha MS, Lubman DM. Single Amino Acid Variant Profiles of Subpopulations in the MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:842-851. [PMID: 28076950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancers are initiated and developed from a small population of stem-like cells termed cancer stem cells (CSCs). There is heterogeneity among this CSC population that leads to multiple subpopulations with their own distinct biological features and protein expression. The protein expression and function may be impacted by amino acid variants that can occur largely due to single nucleotide changes. We have thus performed proteomic analysis of breast CSC subpopulations by mass spectrometry to study the presence of single amino acid variants (SAAVs) and their relation to breast cancer. We have used CSC markers to isolate pure breast CSC subpopulation fractions (ALDH+ and CD44+/CD24- cell populations) and the mature luminal cells (CD49f-EpCAM+) from the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. By searching the Swiss-CanSAAVs database, 374 unique SAAVs were identified in total, where 27 are cancer-related SAAVs. 135 unique SAAVs were found in the CSC population compared with the mature luminal cells. The distribution of SAAVs detected in MCF-7 cells was compared with those predicted from the Swiss-CanSAAVs database, where we found distinct differences in the numbers of SAAVs detected relative to that expected from the Swiss-CanSAAVs database for several of the amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Tan
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Song Nie
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Biological Sciences Division and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Sean P McDermott
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Max S Wicha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - David M Lubman
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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21
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Yang R, Liu X, Thakolwiboon S, Zhu J, Pei X, An M, Tan Z, Lubman DM. Protein Markers Associated with an ALDH Sub-Population in Colorectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2016; 9:238-247. [PMID: 28503055 PMCID: PMC5423664 DOI: 10.4172/jpb.1000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
ALDH has been shown to be a marker that denotes a sub-population of cancer stem cells in colorectal and other cancers. This sub-population of cells shows an increased risk for tumor initiation, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation resulting in recurrence and death. It is thus essential to identify the important signaling pathways related to ALDH1+ CSCs in colon cancer. The essential issue becomes to isolate pure sub-populations of cells from heterogeneous tissues for further analysis. To achieve this goal, tissues from colorectal cancer Stage III patients were immuno-stained with ALDH1 antibody. Target ALDH1+ and ALDH1- cells from the same tissue were micro-dissected using Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM). Captured cells were lysed and analyzed using LC-MS/MS where around 20,000 cells were available for analysis. This analysis resulted in 134 proteins which were differentially expressed between ALDH1+ and ALDH1- cells in three patient sample pairs. Based on these differentially expressed proteins an IPA pathway analysis was performed that showed two key pathways in cell to cell signaling and organismal injury and abnormalities. The IPA analysis revealed β-catenin, NFκB (p65) and TGFβ1 as important cancer-related proteins in these pathways. A TMA validation using immunofluorescence staining of tissue micro-arrays including 170 cases was used to verify that these key proteins were highly overexpressed in ALDH1+ cells in colon cancer tissues compared to ALDH1- cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Experimental Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Smathorn Thakolwiboon
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Jianhui Zhu
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Xiucong Pei
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning 110034, China
| | - Mingrui An
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Zhijing Tan
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - David M Lubman
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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Copley AL, Martinez-Outschoorn UE, Pestell RG, Sotgia F, Lisanti MP. [On the physiological roles of fibrinogen and fibrin]. Postepy Biochem 1968; 18:55. [PMID: 27220421 PMCID: PMC4879746 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-016-0712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is now viewed as a stem cell disease. There is still no consensus on the metabolic characteristics of cancer stem cells, with several studies indicating that they are mainly glycolytic and others pointing instead to mitochondrial metabolism as their principal source of energy. Cancer stem cells also seem to adapt their metabolism to microenvironmental changes by conveniently shifting energy production from one pathway to another, or by acquiring intermediate metabolic phenotypes. Determining the role of cancer stem cell metabolism in carcinogenesis has become a major focus in cancer research, and substantial efforts are conducted towards discovering clinical targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Federica Sotgia
- The Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Institute of Cancer Sciences, CRUK Manchester Institute, Paterson Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. .,The Manchester Centre for Cellular Metabolism (MCCM), Institute of Cancer Sciences, CRUK Manchester Institute, Paterson Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Michael P Lisanti
- The Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Institute of Cancer Sciences, CRUK Manchester Institute, Paterson Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. .,The Manchester Centre for Cellular Metabolism (MCCM), Institute of Cancer Sciences, CRUK Manchester Institute, Paterson Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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