1
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Liu P, Jimaja S, Immel S, Thomas C, Mayer M, Weder C, Bruns N. Mechanically triggered on-demand degradation of polymers synthesized by radical polymerizations. Nat Chem 2024; 16:1184-1192. [PMID: 38609710 PMCID: PMC11230896 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01508-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Polymers that degrade on demand have the potential to facilitate chemical recycling, reduce environmental pollution and are useful in implant immolation, drug delivery or as adhesives that debond on demand. However, polymers made by radical polymerization, which feature all carbon-bond backbones and constitute the most important class of polymers, have proven difficult to render degradable. Here we report cyclobutene-based monomers that can be co-polymerized with conventional monomers and impart the resulting polymers with mechanically triggered degradability. The cyclobutene residues act as mechanophores and can undergo a mechanically triggered ring-opening reaction, which causes a rearrangement that renders the polymer chains cleavable by hydrolysis under basic conditions. These cyclobutene-based monomers are broadly applicable in free radical and controlled radical polymerizations, introduce functional groups into the backbone of polymers and allow the mechanically gated degradation of high-molecular-weight materials or cross-linked polymer networks into low-molecular-weight species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
- Swiss National Center of Competence in Research Bio-Inspired Materials, Fribourg, Switzerland.
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Sètuhn Jimaja
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Center of Competence in Research Bio-Inspired Materials, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Immel
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Synthetic Biology, University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Michael Mayer
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Center of Competence in Research Bio-Inspired Materials, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Center of Competence in Research Bio-Inspired Materials, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Nico Bruns
- Swiss National Center of Competence in Research Bio-Inspired Materials, Fribourg, Switzerland.
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Synthetic Biology, University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
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2
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Klemm B, Roshanasan A, Piergentili I, van Esch JH, Eelkema R. Naked-Eye Thiol Analyte Detection via Self-Propagating, Amplified Reaction Cycle. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21222-21230. [PMID: 37748772 PMCID: PMC10557148 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
We present an approach for detecting thiol analytes through a self-propagating amplification cycle that triggers the macroscopic degradation of a hydrogel scaffold. The amplification system consists of an allylic phosphonium salt that upon reaction with the thiol analyte releases a phosphine, which reduces a disulfide to form two thiols, closing the cycle and ultimately resulting in exponential amplification of the thiol input. When integrated in a disulfide cross-linked hydrogel, the amplification process leads to physical degradation of the hydrogel in response to thiol analytes. We developed a numerical model to predict the behavior of the amplification cycle in response to varying concentrations of thiol triggers and validated it with experimental data. Using this system, we were able to detect multiple thiol analytes, including a small molecule probe, glutathione, DNA, and a protein, at concentrations ranging from 132 to 0.132 μM. In addition, we discovered that the self-propagating amplification cycle could be initiated by force-generated molecular scission, enabling damage-triggered hydrogel destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Klemm
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft
University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ardeshir Roshanasan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft
University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Piergentili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft
University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. van Esch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft
University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk Eelkema
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft
University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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3
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Zhou C, Li X, Tang SW, Liu C, Lam MHW, Lam YW. A Dual-Enzyme Amplification Loop for the Sensitive Biosensing of Endopeptidases. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:25592-25600. [PMID: 37483190 PMCID: PMC10357553 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive approach for the detection of endopeptidases via a new analyte-triggered mutual emancipation of linker-immobilized enzymes (AMELIE) mechanism has been developed and demonstrated using a matrix metallopeptidase, a collagenase, as the model endopeptidase analyte. AMELIE involves an autocatalytic loop created by a pair of selected enzymes immobilized on solid substrates via linkers with specific sites that can be proteolyzed by one another. These bound enzymes are spatially separated so that they cannot act upon their corresponding substrates until the introduction of the target endopeptidase analyte that can also cleave one of the linkers. This triggers the self-sustained loop of enzymatic activities to emancipate all the immobilized enzymes. In this proof of concept, signal transduction was achieved by a colorimetric horseradish peroxidase-tetramethylbenzidine (HRP-TMB-H2O2) reaction with HRP that are also being immobilized by one of the linkers. The pair of immobilized enzymes were collagenase and alginate lyase, and they were immobilized by an alginate linker and a short peptide chain containing the amino acid sequence of Leu-Gly-Pro-Ala for collagenase. A detection limit of 2.5 pg collagenase mL-1 with a wide linear range up to 4 orders of magnitude was achieved. The AMELIE biosensor can detect extracellular collagenase in the supernatant of various bacteria cultures, with a sensitivity as low as 103 cfu mL-1 of E. coli. AMELIE can readily be adapted to provide the sensitive detection of other endopeptidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanwen Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Sze Wing Tang
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chunxi Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Michael H. W. Lam
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yun Wah Lam
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- School
of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, U.K.
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4
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Meng WQ, Sedgwick AC, Kwon N, Sun M, Xiao K, He XP, Anslyn EV, James TD, Yoon J. Fluorescent probes for the detection of chemical warfare agents. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:601-662. [PMID: 36149439 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00650b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are toxic chemicals that have been intentionally developed for targeted and deadly use on humans. Although intended for military targets, the use of CWAs more often than not results in mass civilian casualties. To prevent further atrocities from occurring during conflicts, a global ban was implemented through the chemical weapons convention, with the aim of eliminating the development, stockpiling, and use of CWAs. Unfortunately, because of their relatively low cost, ease of manufacture and effectiveness on mass populations, CWAs still exist in today's world. CWAs have been used in several recent terrorist-related incidents and conflicts (e.g., Syria). Therefore, they continue to remain serious threats to public health and safety and to global peace and stability. Analytical methods that can accurately detect CWAs are essential to global security measures and for forensic analysis. Small molecule fluorescent probes have emerged as attractive chemical tools for CWA detection, due to their simplicity, ease of use, excellent selectivity and high sensitivity, as well as their ability to be translated into handheld devices. This includes the ability to non-invasively image CWA distribution within living systems (in vitro and in vivo) to permit in-depth evaluation of their biological interactions and allow potential identification of therapeutic countermeasures. In this review, we provide an overview of the various reported fluorescent probes that have been designed for the detection of CWAs. The mechanism for CWA detection, change in optical output and application for each fluorescent probe are described in detail. The limitations and challenges of currently developed fluorescent probes are discussed providing insight into the future development of this research area. We hope the information provided in this review will give readers a clear understanding of how to design a fluorescent probe for the detection of a specific CWA. We anticipate that this will advance our security systems and provide new tools for environmental and toxicology monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Meng
- Department of Protective Medicine Against Chemical Agents, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangying Rd., Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Adam C Sedgwick
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Nahyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
| | - Mingxue Sun
- Department of Protective Medicine Against Chemical Agents, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangying Rd., Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Kai Xiao
- Department of Protective Medicine Against Chemical Agents, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangying Rd., Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xiao-Peng He
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai 200237, China. .,The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China.,National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Eric V Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, USA.
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
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5
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Park S, Lee H, Yang H. Sensitive Affinity-Based Biosensor Using the Autocatalytic Activation of Trypsinogen Mutant by Trypsin with Low Self-activation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:4516-4522. [PMID: 35972302 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Self-propagating autocatalytic reactions of proteases that can provide high signal amplification have not been applied to affinity-based biosensors owing to the limited number of fast autocatalytic proteolytic reactions available and the self-activation of protease proenzymes. Here, we report that a self-propagating autocatalytic reaction based on the autocatalytic activation of the trypsinogen mutant by trypsin facilitates high signal amplification and a low background level, resulting in a low detection limit for prostate-specific antigen (PSA). A commercially available trypsinogen mutant minimizes the self-activation of trypsinogen by trypsinogen. Trypsin, which is used as a catalytic label in a sandwich-type immunosensor, converts the trypsinogen mutant into trypsin; the generated trypsin then further converts the trypsinogen mutant into trypsin. The autocatalytically produced trypsin proteolytically cleaves the peptide bond of a trypsin substrate, resulting in the liberation of electrochemically active 4-aminophenol (AP). The electrochemical oxidation of AP at a modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode induces electrochemical-chemical redox cycling involving the ITO electrode, AP, and a reductant. The triple combination of autocatalytic activation, proteolytic cleavage, and redox cycling results in a high electrochemical signal level. The detection limit for PSA obtained using a trypsin label and trypsinogen (∼7 pg/mL) is lower than that obtained using a trypsin label alone (∼100 pg/mL). This study demonstrated that autocatalytically activating a proenzyme is a very useful method for highly amplifying signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonhwa Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hyoeun Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Haesik Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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6
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Chen W, Dang L, Situ Z, Ni S, Chen Y, Zhu S, Li H, Chen SL, Phillips DL, Li MD. Near-Infrared Light Triggered a High Temperature Utilizing Donor-Acceptor Cocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6571-6579. [PMID: 35833756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Developing a suitable initiation for the energetic materials that respond to a low-power near-infrared laser can aid in replacing the current expensive and bulky laser-initiation systems. Here, we report on a system of molecularly tailored 1:1 donor-acceptor (D-A) charge-transfer (CT) cocrystals that manifest ultrabroad absorption (200-2500 nm) characteristics as well as noteworthy very fast self-assembly behaviors. The very narrow highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gap enables N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine and tetrahalo-1,4-benzoquinones (TMPD-TXBQ) cocrystals to have a great light-harvesting ability in the near-infrared range. When irradiated with a low-power hand-held 808 nm laser with an input energy of only 40 mJ or a power density of 260 mW·cm-2, these TMPD-TXBQ cocrystals immediately undergo an efficient photothermal conversion followed by a dramatic exothermic thermal polymerization reaction due to the face-to-face D-A-D-A stacking in these cocystals to achieve a temperature as high as 318.9 °C. This temperature is high enough for a thermal initiation of most common energetic materials, and thus this TMPD-TXBQ cocrystal can potentially act as a near-infrared laser initiator that is compact, lightweight, and cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Li Dang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zicong Situ
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shaofei Ni
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yetao Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Sheng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Hailin Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shun-Li Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - David Lee Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ming-De Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515031, China
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7
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Kim JW, Kim HJ, Park J, Chae JA, Song HW, Choi E, Kim H. Self-Immolative and Amphiphilic Poly(benzyl ether)-Based Copolymers: Synthesis and Triggered Demicellization via Head-to-Tail Depolymerization. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Woo Kim
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Hea Ji Kim
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Jieun Park
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Ji Ae Chae
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Woo Song
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics (KIMIRo), 43-26, Cheomdangwagi-ro, 208-beon-gil, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61011, Korea
| | - Eunpyo Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics (KIMIRo), 43-26, Cheomdangwagi-ro, 208-beon-gil, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61011, Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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8
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Wang X, Wang X, Feng R, Fu T, Zhang J, Sun X. Recent advances of chemosensors for nerve agents. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200284. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi\'an Campus: Shaanxi University of Science and Technology College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xuechuan Wang
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi\'an Campus: Shaanxi University of Science and Technology College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Rong Feng
- Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Tao Fu
- Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Fourth Military Medical University: Air Force Medical University Institute of Preventive medicine CHINA
| | - Xiaolong Sun
- Xi'an Jiaotong University School of life science and technology 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049 XiAn CHINA
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9
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Einkauf JD, Bryantsev VS, Moyer BA, Custelcean R. A Photoresponsive Receptor with a 10
5
Magnitude of Reversible Anion‐Binding Switching. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200719. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D. Einkauf
- Chemical Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831-6119 USA
| | | | - Bruce A. Moyer
- Chemical Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831-6119 USA
| | - Radu Custelcean
- Chemical Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831-6119 USA
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10
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Pallu J, Rabin C, Hui P, Moreira TS, Creste G, Calvet C, Limoges B, Mavré F, Branca M. Exponential amplification by redox cross-catalysis and unmasking of doubly protected molecular probes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2764-2777. [PMID: 35356676 PMCID: PMC8890127 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06086d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The strength of autocatalytic reactions lies in their ability to provide a powerful means of molecular amplification, which can be very useful for improving the analytical performances of a multitude of analytical and bioanalytical methods. However, one of the major difficulties in designing an efficient autocatalytic amplification system is the requirement for reactants that are both highly reactive and chemically stable in order to avoid limitations imposed by undesirable background amplifications. In the present work, we devised a reaction network based on a redox cross-catalysis principle, in which two catalytic loops activate each other. The first loop, catalyzed by H2O2, involves the oxidative deprotection of a naphthylboronate ester probe into a redox-active naphthohydroquinone, which in turn catalyzes the production of H2O2 by redox cycling in the presence of a reducing enzyme/substrate couple. We present here a set of new molecular probes with improved reactivity and stability, resulting in particularly steep sigmoidal kinetic traces and enhanced discrimination between specific and nonspecific responses. This translates into the sensitive detection of H2O2 down to a few nM in less than 10 minutes or a redox cycling compound such as the 2-amino-3-chloro-1,4-naphthoquinone down to 50 pM in less than 30 minutes. The critical reason leading to these remarkably good performances is the extended stability stemming from the double masking of the naphthohydroquinone core by two boronate groups, a counterintuitive strategy if we consider the need for two equivalents of H2O2 for full deprotection. An in-depth study of the mechanism and dynamics of this complex reaction network is conducted in order to better understand, predict and optimize its functioning. From this investigation, the time response as well as detection limit are found to be highly dependent on pH, nature of the buffer, and concentration of the reducing enzyme. Reduction of the non-specific background in autocatalytic molecular amplifications by a double masking strategy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Pallu
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS F-75013 Paris France
| | - Charlie Rabin
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS F-75013 Paris France
| | - Pan Hui
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS F-75013 Paris France
| | - Thamires S Moreira
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS F-75013 Paris France
| | - Geordie Creste
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS F-75013 Paris France
| | - Corentin Calvet
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS F-75013 Paris France
| | - Benoît Limoges
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS F-75013 Paris France
| | - François Mavré
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS F-75013 Paris France
| | - Mathieu Branca
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS F-75013 Paris France
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11
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Wu T, Feng X, Sun X. Chemically triggered soft material macroscopic degradation and fluorescence detection using self-propagating thiol-initiated cascades. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01450a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we present a new approach for thiol detection through chemically triggered polymeric macroscopic degradation using self-propagating cascades, coupled with photoluminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhong Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xing Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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12
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Gavriel A, Sambrook M, Russell AT, Hayes W. Recent advances in self-immolative linkers and their applications in polymeric reporting systems. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00414c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interest in self-immolative chemistry has grown over the past decade with more research groups harnessing the versatility to control the release of a compound from a larger chemical entity, given...
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13
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Hui P, Branca M, Limoges B, Mavré F. An autocatalytic organic reaction network based on cross-catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11374-11377. [PMID: 34647564 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05121k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a simple autocatalytic organic reaction network based on the redox chemistry of quinones and reactive oxygen species. Autocatalysis arises from the cross-activation between the H2O2-catalyzed deprotection of a pro-benzoquinone arylboronic ester probe and the benzoquinone-catalyzed H2O2 production through redox cyling with ascorbate in an aerated buffered solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Hui
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7591, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - Mathieu Branca
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7591, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - Benoît Limoges
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7591, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - François Mavré
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7591, F-75013 Paris, France.
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14
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Tan J, Deng Z, Song C, Xu J, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Hu J, Liu S. Coordinating External and Built-In Triggers for Tunable Degradation of Polymeric Nanoparticles via Cycle Amplification. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13738-13748. [PMID: 34411484 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The selective activation of nanovectors in pathological tissues is of crucial importance to achieve optimized therapeutic outcomes. However, conventional stimuli-responsive nanovectors lack sufficient sensitivity because of the slight difference between pathological and normal tissues. To this end, the development of nanovectors capable of responding to weak pathological stimuli is of increasing interest. Herein, we report the fabrication of amphiphilic polyurethane nanoparticles containing both external and built-in triggers. The activation of external triggers leads to the liberation of highly reactive primary amines, which subsequently activates the built-in triggers with the release of more primary amines in a positive feedback manner, thereby triggering the degradation of micellar nanoparticles in a cycle amplification model. The generality and versatility of the cycle amplification concept have been successfully verified using three different triggers including reductive milieu, light irradiation, and esterase. We demonstrate that these stimuli-responsive nanoparticles show self-propagating degradation performance even in the presence of trace amounts of external stimuli. Moreover, we confirm that the esterase-responsive nanoparticles can discriminate cancer cells from normal ones by amplifying the esterase stimulus that is overexpressed in cancer cells, thereby enabling the selective release of encapsulated payloads and killing cancer cells. This work presents a robust strategy to fabricate stimuli-responsive nanocarriers with highly sensitive property toward external stimuli, showing promising applications in cancer therapy with minimized side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Tan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhengyu Deng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Chengzhou Song
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yuben Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinming Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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15
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Branca M, Calvet C, Limoges B, Mavré F. Specific Versus Non-specific Response in Exponential Molecular Amplification from Cross-Catalysis: Modeling the Influence of Background Amplifications on the Analytical Performances. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1611-1621. [PMID: 34038617 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Molecule based signal amplifications relying on an autocatalytic process may represent an ideal strategy for the development of ultrasensitive analytical or bioanalytical assays, the main reason being the exponential nature of the amplification. However, to take full advantage of such amplification rates, high stability of the starting co-reactants is required in order to avoid any undesirable background amplification. Here, on the basis of a simple kinetic model of cross-catalysis including a certain degree of intrinsic instability of co-reactants, we highlight the key parameters governing the analytical response of the system and discuss the analytical performances that are expected from a given kinetic set. In particular, we show how the detection limit is directly related to the relative instability of reactants within each catalytic loop. The model is validated with an experimental dataset and is intended to serve as a guide in the design and optimization of autocatalytic molecular-based amplification systems with improved analytical performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Branca
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Corentin Calvet
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Benoît Limoges
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS, 75013, Paris, France
| | - François Mavré
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591, CNRS, 75013, Paris, France
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16
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Chang L, Wang C, Han S, Sun X, Xu F. Chemically Triggered Hydrogel Transformations through Covalent Adaptable Networks and Applications in Cell Culture. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:901-906. [PMID: 35549189 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we report a "smart" hydrogel system, which can be remodeled into multiple architectures through dynamic covalent adaptable networks. The topological changes in hydrogel structures yield dynamically tunable properties through the reformation of covalent chemical linkages via amine-thiol scrambling, thiol-thiol exchange, decoupling reaction, and disulfide formation. The stiffness of the hydrogels can be regulated via dynamic covalent bonding, with some hydrogels displaying self-healing and shear thinning properties, as demonstrated by rheological measurements. Significantly, the dramatic structural transformations are achieved under neutral aqueous conditions at room temperature. These "smart" hydrogels show good biocompatibility, which can induce cell growth in two-dimensional cell culture and effectively serve as a scaffold for encapsulating and releasing human mesenchymal stem cells in three-dimensional cell culture. Thus, the developed "smart" hydrogel system holds great potential in biomedical applications such as tissue engineering and cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Chang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Cong Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Shuang Han
- Department of Gastroenterology of Honghui Hospital, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Xiaolong Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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17
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Tan J, Hu J, Liu S. Designing self-propagating polymers with ultrasensitivity through feedback signal amplification. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01095f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polymers with self-propagating degradation capacity being sensitive to acids, bases, fluoride ions, and hydrogen peroxide are reviewed, exhibiting self-accelerated degradation behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Tan
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinming Hu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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18
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de Luis B, Morellá-Aucejo Á, Llopis-Lorente A, Godoy-Reyes TM, Villalonga R, Aznar E, Sancenón F, Martínez-Máñez R. A chemical circular communication network at the nanoscale. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1551-1559. [PMID: 34163918 PMCID: PMC8179104 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04743k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, coordinated communication between different entities enables a group to accomplish sophisticated functionalities that go beyond those carried out by individual agents. The possibility of programming and developing coordinated communication networks at the nanoscale-based on the exchange of chemical messengers-may open new approaches in biomedical and communication areas. Here, a stimulus-responsive circular model of communication between three nanodevices based on enzyme-functionalized Janus Au-mesoporous silica capped nanoparticles is presented. The output in the community of nanoparticles is only observed after a hierarchically programmed flow of chemical information between the members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz de Luis
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) Spain
| | - Ángela Morellá-Aucejo
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) Spain
| | - Antoni Llopis-Lorente
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) Spain
| | - Tania M Godoy-Reyes
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) Spain
| | - Reynaldo Villalonga
- Nanosensors & Nanomachines Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Elena Aznar
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) Spain
| | - Félix Sancenón
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) Spain
- Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe Valencia Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe Valencia Spain
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19
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Pal S, Sommerfeldt A, Davidsen MB, Hinge M, Pedersen SU, Daasbjerg K. Synthesis and Closed-Loop Recycling of Self-Immolative Poly(dithiothreitol). Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunirmal Pal
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Andreas Sommerfeldt
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Maiken B. Davidsen
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mogens Hinge
- Department of Engineering, Plastic and Polymer Engineering, Aabogade 40a, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Steen U. Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kim Daasbjerg
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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20
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Kim H, Brooks AD, DiLauro AM, Phillips ST. Poly(carboxypyrrole)s That Depolymerize from Head to Tail in the Solid State in Response to Specific Applied Signals. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9447-9452. [PMID: 32330033 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This Article describes the design, synthesis, and analysis of a new class of polymer that is capable of depolymerizing continuously, completely, and cleanly from head to tail when a detection unit on the head of the polymer is exposed to a specific applied signal. The backbone of this polymer consists of 1,3-disubstituted pyrroles and carboxy linkages similar to polyurethanes. Diverse side chains or reactive end-groups can be introduced readily, which provides modular design of polymer structure. The designed depolymerization mechanism proceeds through spontaneous release of carbon dioxide and azafulvene in response to a single triggering reaction with the detection unit. These poly(carboxypyrrole)s depolymerize readily in nonpolar environments, and even in the bulk as solid-state plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungwoo Kim
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Adam D Brooks
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, Idaho 83725-2090, United States
| | - Anthony M DiLauro
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, Idaho 83725-2090, United States
| | - Scott T Phillips
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, Idaho 83725-2090, United States
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21
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Xu Y, Sen S, Wu Q, Zhong X, Ewoldt RH, Zimmerman SC. Base-triggered self-amplifying degradable polyurethanes with the ability to translate local stimulation to continuous long-range degradation. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3326-3331. [PMID: 34122840 PMCID: PMC8152679 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc06582b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A new type of base-triggered self-amplifying degradable polyurethane is reported that degrades under mild conditions, with the release of increasing amounts of amine product leading to self-amplified degradation. The polymer incorporates a base-sensitive Fmoc-derivative into every repeating unit to enable highly sensitive amine amplified degradation. A sigmoidal degradation curve for the linear polymer was observed consistent with a self-amplifying degradation mechanism. An analogous cross-linked polyurethane gel was prepared and also found to undergo amplified breakdown. In this case, a trace amount of localized base initiates the degradation, which in turn propagates through the material in an amplified manner. The results demonstrate the potential utility of these new generation polyurethanes in enhanced disposability and as stimuli responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Samya Sen
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Xujia Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Randy H Ewoldt
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Steven C Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
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22
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Sun X, Chwatko M, Lee DH, Bachman JL, Reuther JF, Lynd NA, Anslyn EV. Chemically Triggered Synthesis, Remodeling, and Degradation of Soft Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3913-3922. [PMID: 32011873 PMCID: PMC8574170 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Polymer topology dictates dynamic and mechanical properties of materials. For most polymers, topology is a static characteristic. In this article, we present a strategy to chemically trigger dynamic topology changes in polymers in response to a specific chemical stimulus. Starting with a dimerized PEG and hydrophobic linear materials, a lightly cross-linked polymer, and a cross-linked hydrogel, transformations into an amphiphilic linear polymer, lightly cross-linked and linear random copolymers, a cross-linked polymer, and three different hydrogel matrices were achieved via two controllable cross-linking reactions: reversible conjugate additions and thiol-disulfide exchange. Significantly, all the polymers, before or after topological changes, can be triggered to degrade into thiol- or amine-terminated small molecules. The controllable transformations of polymeric morphologies and their degradation herald a new generation of smart materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , 710049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Malgorzata Chwatko
- Department of Chemistry/McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Doo-Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry/McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - James L Bachman
- Department of Chemistry/McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - James F Reuther
- Department of Chemistry , University of Massachusetts Lowell , Lowell , Massachusetts 01854 , United States
| | - Nathaniel A Lynd
- Department of Chemistry/McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Eric V Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry/McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
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23
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Chouket R, Pellissier-Tanon A, Lemarchand A, Espagne A, Le Saux T, Jullien L. Dynamic contrast with reversibly photoswitchable fluorescent labels for imaging living cells. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2882-2887. [PMID: 34122788 PMCID: PMC8157520 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interrogating living cells requires sensitive imaging of a large number of components in real time. The state-of-the-art of multiplexed imaging is usually limited to a few components. This review reports on the promise and the challenges of dynamic contrast to overcome this limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Chouket
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS 24, rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France +33 4432 3333
| | - Agnès Pellissier-Tanon
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS 24, rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France +33 4432 3333
| | - Annie Lemarchand
- Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC) 4 Place Jussieu, Case Courrier 121 75252 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Agathe Espagne
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS 24, rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France +33 4432 3333
| | - Thomas Le Saux
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS 24, rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France +33 4432 3333
| | - Ludovic Jullien
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS 24, rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France +33 4432 3333
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24
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Blake TR, Ho WC, Turlington CR, Zang X, Huttner MA, Wender PA, Waymouth RM. Synthesis and mechanistic investigations of pH-responsive cationic poly(aminoester)s. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2951-2966. [PMID: 34122796 PMCID: PMC8157522 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05267d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and degradation mechanisms of a class of pH-sensitive, rapidly degrading cationic poly(α-aminoester)s are described. These reactive, cationic polymers are stable at low pH in water, but undergo a fast and selective degradation at higher pH to liberate neutral diketopiperazines. Related materials incorporating oligo(α-amino ester)s have been shown to be effective gene delivery agents, as the charge-altering degradative behavior facilitates the delivery and release of mRNA and other nucleic acids in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we report detailed studies of the structural and environmental factors that lead to these rapid and selective degradation processes in aqueous buffers. At neutral pH, poly(α-aminoester)s derived from N-hydroxyethylglycine degrade selectively by a mechanism involving sequential 1,5- and 1,6-O→N acyl shifts to generate bis(N-hydroxyethyl) diketopiperazine. A family of structurally related cationic poly(aminoester)s was generated to study the structural influences on the degradation mechanism, product distribution, and pH dependence of the rate of degradation. The kinetics and mechanism of the pH-induced degradations were investigated by 1H NMR, model reactions, and kinetic simulations. These results indicate that polyesters bearing α-ammonium groups and appropriately positioned N-hydroxyethyl substituents are readily cleaved (by intramolecular attack) or hydrolyzed, representing dynamic "dual function" materials that are initially polycationic and transform with changing environment to neutral products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Blake
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Wilson C Ho
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | | | - Xiaoyu Zang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | | | - Paul A Wender
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
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25
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Xu Y, Morado EG, Zimmerman SC. Construction from destruction using a photo-triggered self-propagating degradable polyurethane as a one-pot epoxy. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00779j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a photo-triggered, base generating, base propagating degradable polyurethane that is triggered by 365 nm UV light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Xu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
| | - Ephraim G. Morado
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
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26
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Park S, Kim J, Kim S, Kim G, Lee NS, Yoon YH, Yang H. Combined Signal Amplification Using a Propagating Cascade Reaction and a Redox Cycling Reaction for Sensitive Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Detection. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7894-7901. [PMID: 31184125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Propagating cascade reactions based on two proteases are promising for obtaining high signal amplification. However, in many cases, biosensors that use cascade reactions do not have low detection limits because of the inherent slowness of proteolytic reactions. Here, we report a sensitive electrochemical immunosensor using a high-signal-amplification method that combines a propagating cascade reaction and a redox cycling reaction. The cascade reaction uses ecarin and prothrombin: the ecarin label proteolytically converts inactive prothrombin into active thrombin, which then proteolytically liberates electroactive p-aminophenol (AP) from an AP-conjugated peptide. The liberated AP is electrochemically oxidized to p-benzoquinone imine (QI), regenerated by the reduction of QI by NADH, and then electrochemically reoxidized. This electrochemical-chemical (EC) redox cycling reaction significantly increases the electrochemical signal. The developed immunosensor is also compared with an immunosensor that uses only a propagating cascade reaction and an immunosensor that uses a single proteolytic reaction and an EC redox cycling reaction. The detection limits for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) obtained using the three immunosensors are 3 pg/mL, 2 ng/mL, and 4 ng/mL, respectively, indicating that the newly developed immunosensor is more sensitive than the other two. The measured concentrations of TSH in clinical serum are found to agree well with those determined using a commercial instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonhwa Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials , Pusan National University , Busan 46241 , Korea
| | - Jihyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials , Pusan National University , Busan 46241 , Korea
| | - Seheon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials , Pusan National University , Busan 46241 , Korea
| | - Gyeongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials , Pusan National University , Busan 46241 , Korea
| | | | | | - Haesik Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials , Pusan National University , Busan 46241 , Korea
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27
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Powell CR, Foster JC, Swilley SN, Kaur K, Scannelli SJ, Troya D, Matson JB. Self-Amplified Depolymerization of Oligo(thiourethanes) for the Release of COS/H 2S. Polym Chem 2019; 10:2991-2995. [PMID: 31275434 DOI: 10.1039/c9py00354a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the self-amplified depolymerization of an aryl oligo(thiourethane) (OTU) for the release of COS/H2S. The OTU was synthesized via polyaddition of 4-isothiocyanatobenzyl alcohol and end-capped with an aryl azide. The aryl azide chain-end was reduced by tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine or H2S to the corresponding aniline, resulting in depolymerization (i.e., self-immolation) and the release of COS/H2S. Depolymerization was monitored by 1H NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, and the released COS was converted into H2S by the ubiquitous enzyme carbonic anhydrase in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadwick R Powell
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery Macromolecules Innovation Institute 1040 Drillfield Dr., Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Jeffrey C Foster
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery Macromolecules Innovation Institute 1040 Drillfield Dr., Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Sarah N Swilley
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery Macromolecules Innovation Institute 1040 Drillfield Dr., Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Kuljeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery Macromolecules Innovation Institute 1040 Drillfield Dr., Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Samantha J Scannelli
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery Macromolecules Innovation Institute 1040 Drillfield Dr., Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Diego Troya
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery Macromolecules Innovation Institute 1040 Drillfield Dr., Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - John B Matson
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery Macromolecules Innovation Institute 1040 Drillfield Dr., Blacksburg, VA 24061
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Pallu J, Rabin C, Creste G, Branca M, Mavré F, Limoges B. Exponential Molecular Amplification by H
2
O
2
‐Mediated Autocatalytic Deprotection of Boronic Ester Probes to Redox Cyclers. Chemistry 2019; 25:7534-7546. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justine Pallu
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591 CNRSUniversité Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité 15, rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Charlie Rabin
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591 CNRSUniversité Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité 15, rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Geordie Creste
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591 CNRSUniversité Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité 15, rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Mathieu Branca
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591 CNRSUniversité Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité 15, rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - François Mavré
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591 CNRSUniversité Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité 15, rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Benoît Limoges
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591 CNRSUniversité Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité 15, rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
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29
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Miller KA, Morado EG, Samanta SR, Walker BA, Nelson AZ, Sen S, Tran DT, Whitaker DJ, Ewoldt RH, Braun PV, Zimmerman SC. Acid-Triggered, Acid-Generating, and Self-Amplifying Degradable Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2838-2842. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b07705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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30
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Gnaim S, Shabat D. Chemiluminescence molecular probe with a linear chain reaction amplification mechanism. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1389-1394. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob03042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A new signal amplification probe with a linear chain reaction amplification mechanism and distinct chemiluminescence output was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Gnaim
- School of Chemistry
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences
- Tel Aviv University
- Tel Aviv 69978
- Israel
| | - Doron Shabat
- School of Chemistry
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences
- Tel Aviv University
- Tel Aviv 69978
- Israel
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31
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Yan J, Lee S, Zhang A, Yoon J. Self-immolative colorimetric, fluorescent and chemiluminescent chemosensors. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:6900-6916. [PMID: 30175338 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00841d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Self-immolative chemistry features a cascade of disassembly reactions in response to external stimuli, which provides great opportunities to design new self-immolative chemosensors with advanced performance and/or functions. Self-immolative spacers in these chemosensors not only facilitate the linkage of designed triggers to various chromophores or fluorophores, but can also be used to solve inherent problems associated with native chemosensors, such as low reactivities, poor stabilities and slow response times. Their capacity for stimuli-responsive release through operation of a self-immolative reaction further enables integration of sophisticated functions into chemosensors, including signal amplification, enzyme activity localization, and drug monitoring. Significant advances have been made in the field of self-immolative chemosensors, leading to intriguing applications to sensitive detection of analytes, bioimaging and cancer theranostics. This tutorial review summarizes this recent progress with a focus on their design strategies and sensing mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatao Yan
- Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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32
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Sun X, Boulgakov AA, Smith LN, Metola P, Marcotte EM, Anslyn EV. Photography Coupled with Self-Propagating Chemical Cascades: Differentiation and Quantitation of G- and V-Nerve Agent Mimics via Chromaticity. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:854-861. [PMID: 30062113 PMCID: PMC6062830 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Photography was employed for the quantitation and differentiation of G- and V-series nerve agent mimics with the use of self-propagating cascades. Fluoride anion and thiols, released from a G-nerve agent mimic (i.e., diisopropyl fluorophosphate) and a V-nerve agent mimic (i.e., demeton-S-methyl), respectively, were used to initiate self-propagating cascades that amplify fluorescence signals exponentially in a ratiometric manner. A homemade LEGO dark-box, a cell phone, and 96-well plates were employed to collect photographs of the fluorescence response to the analytes. The photographic images were digitally processed in the 1931 xyY color space using a watershed and morphological erosion algorithm to generate chromaticity vs concentration calibration curves. We show that the two different amplification routines are selective for their analyte class and thus successfully discriminated the G- and V-series nerve agent mimics. Further, accurate concentrations of the analytes are determined using the chromaticity and LEGO approach given herein, thus demonstrating a simple and on-site constructible/portable device for use in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology/Institute
for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, and Advanced Research
Initiative, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Bioinspired
Engineering and Biomechanical Center, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical
Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science
and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Alexander A. Boulgakov
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology/Institute
for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, and Advanced Research
Initiative, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Leilani N. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology/Institute
for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, and Advanced Research
Initiative, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Pedro Metola
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology/Institute
for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, and Advanced Research
Initiative, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Edward M. Marcotte
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology/Institute
for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, and Advanced Research
Initiative, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Eric V. Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology/Institute
for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biosciences, and Advanced Research
Initiative, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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