1
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Aspiazu UO, Gómez S, Paulis M, Leiza JR. Real-Time Monitoring of Particle Size in Emulsion Polymerization: Simultaneous Turbidity and Photon Density Wave Spectroscopy. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400374. [PMID: 39018484 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Particle size evolution in seeded semibatch emulsion polymerization is monitored by two real-time monitoring techniques: online turbidity spectroscopy (TUS) and inline photon density wave spectroscopy (PDWS). An automatic dilution system that withdraws a sample from the reactor and upon dilution transfers to the measurement cell is used for the online TUS analysis. A PDWS probe is immersed in the reactor and collects inline the scattered light directly from the reacting latex. The particle sizes retrieved from TUS and PDWS are compared to offline dynamic light scattering (DLS) values. The particle size obtained by TUS is close to the intensity-average particle size obtained offline by DLS, while the particle size obtained by PDWS lies closer to the number-average particle size from DLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usue Olatz Aspiazu
- POLYMAT, Kimika Aplikatua Saila, Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Susana Gómez
- IRIS Technology Solutions SL. Carretera Esplugues Local 39-41, Cornellá de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08940, Spain
| | - Maria Paulis
- POLYMAT, Kimika Aplikatua Saila, Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Jose Ramon Leiza
- POLYMAT, Kimika Aplikatua Saila, Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
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2
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Yu XQ, Wu J, Wang JW, Zhang NX, Qing RK, Li GX, Li Q, Chen S. Facile Access to High Solid Content Monodispersed Microspheres via Dual-Component Surfactants Regulation toward High-Performance Colloidal Photonic Crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312879. [PMID: 38444241 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Monodispersed microspheres play a major role in optical science and engineering, providing ideal building blocks for structural color materials. However, the method toward high solid content (HSC) monodispersed microspheres has remained a key hurdle. Herein, a facile access to harvest monodispersed microspheres based on the emulsion polymerization mechanism is demonstrated, where anionic and nonionic surfactants are employed to achieve the electrostatic and steric dual-stabilization balance in a synergistic manner. Monodispersed poly(styrene-butyl acrylate-methacrylic acid) colloidal latex with 55 wt% HSC is achieved, which shows an enhanced self-assembly efficiency of 280% compared with the low solid content (10 wt%) latex. In addition, Ag-coated colloidal photonic crystal (Ag@CPC) coating with near-zero refractive index is achieved, presenting the characteristics of metamaterials. And an 11-fold photoluminescence emission enhancement of CdSe@ZnS quantum dots is realized by the Ag@CPC metamaterial coating. Taking advantage of high assembly efficiency, easily large-scale film-forming of the 55 wt% HSC microspheres latex, robust Ag@CPC metamaterial coatings could be easily produced for passive cooling. The coating demonstrates excellent thermal insulation performance with theoretical cooling power of 30.4 W m-2, providing practical significance for scalable CPC architecture coatings in passive cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Nian-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Ren-Kun Qing
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Su Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
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3
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Serkhacheva NS, Prokopov NI, Lysenko EA, Kozhunova EY, Chernikova EV. Modern Trends in Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1408. [PMID: 38794601 PMCID: PMC11125046 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a powerful and versatile technique for producing colloidal dispersions of block copolymer particles with desired morphologies. Currently, PISA can be carried out in various media, over a wide range of temperatures, and using different mechanisms. This method enables the production of biodegradable objects and particles with various functionalities and stimuli sensitivity. Consequently, PISA offers a broad spectrum of potential commercial applications. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of rational synthesis of block copolymer particles with diverse morphologies using various PISA techniques and mechanisms. The discussion begins with an examination of the main thermodynamic, kinetic, and structural aspects of block copolymer micellization, followed by an exploration of the key principles of PISA in the formation of gradient and block copolymers. The review also delves into the main mechanisms of PISA implementation and the principles governing particle morphology. Finally, the potential future developments in PISA are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia S. Serkhacheva
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, pr. Vernadskogo, 86, 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nickolay I. Prokopov
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, pr. Vernadskogo, 86, 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Evgenii A. Lysenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
| | - Elena Yu. Kozhunova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V. Chernikova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.L.); (E.Y.K.)
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4
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Rajbanshi A, Hilton E, Dreiss CA, Murnane D, Cook MT. Stimuli-Responsive Polymers for Engineered Emulsions. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300723. [PMID: 38395416 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Emulsions are complex. Dispersing two immiscible phases, thus expanding an interface, requires effort to achieve and the resultant dispersion is thermodynamically unstable, driving the system toward coalescence. Furthermore, physical instabilities, including creaming, arise due to presence of dispersed droplets of different densities to a continuous phase. Emulsions allow the formulation of oils, can act as vehicles to solubilize both hydrophilic and lipophilic molecules, and can be tailored to desirable rheological profiles, including "gel-like" behavior and shear thinning. The usefulness of emulsions can be further expanded by imparting stimuli-responsive or "smart" behaviors by inclusion of a stimuli-responsive emulsifier, polymer or surfactant. This enables manipulation like gelation, breaking, or aggregation, by external triggers such as pH, temperature, or salt concentration changes. This platform generates functional materials for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, oil recovery, and colloid engineering, combining both smart behaviors and intrinsic benefit of emulsions. However, with increased functionality comes greater complexity. This review focuses on the use of stimuli-responsive polymers for the generation of smart emulsions, motivated by the great adaptability of polymers for this application and their efficacy as steric stabilizers. Stimuli-responsive emulsions are described according to the trigger used to provide the reader with an overview of progress in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Rajbanshi
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Eleanor Hilton
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Cécile A Dreiss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Darragh Murnane
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Michael T Cook
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
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5
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Duan MP, Zhou Z, Zhang T. Synthesis of Polymers with Narrow Molecular Mass Distribution through Interface-Initiated Room-Temperature Polymerization in Emulsion Gels. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4081. [PMID: 37896325 PMCID: PMC10610333 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Homopolymers of n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, styrene, and their random copolymers were prepared via interface-initiated polymerization of emulsion gels at 20 °C. The polymerization was conducted in a free radical polymerization manner without inert gas protection. Compared with the polymers synthesized at 60 °C, the polymerization of emulsion gels at 20 °C produced homo- and copolymers with a higher molecular mass and a narrower molecular mass distribution. The polydispersity indices for the polymers synthesized at 20 °C were found to be between 1.12 and 1.37. The glass transition temperatures for the as-synthesized butyl acrylate copolymers agree well with the prediction from the Gordon-Taylor equation. Interface-initiated room-temperature polymerization is a robust, energy-saving polymerization technique for synthesizing polymers with a narrow molecular mass distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tan Zhang
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan 215316, China (Z.Z.)
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6
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Wang Y, Sun B, Hao Z, Zhang J. Advances in Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Latex Particles via In Situ Emulsion Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2995. [PMID: 37514385 PMCID: PMC10385736 DOI: 10.3390/polym15142995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid latex particles combine the unique properties of inorganic nano/micro particles with the inherent properties of polymers, exhibiting tremendous potential for a variety of applications. Recent years have witnessed an increased interest in the design and preparation of hybrid latex particles with well-defined size, structure and morphology. Due to its simplicity, versatility and environmental friendliness, the in situ (Pickering) emulsion polymerization has been demonstrated to be a powerful approach for the large-scale preparation of hybrid latex particles. In this review, the strategies and applications of in situ (Pickering) emulsion polymerization for the preparation of hybrid latex particles are systematically summarized. A particular focus is placed on the strategies for the preparation of hybrid latex particles with enhanced properties and well-defined core-shell, yolk-shell, multinuclear, raspberry-like, dumbbell-shaped, multipod-like or armored morphologies. We hope that the considerable advances, examples and principles presented in this review can motivate future contributions to provide a deeper understanding of current preparation technologies, develop new processes, and enable further exploitation of hybrid latex particles with outstanding characteristics and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Wang
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- CNPC Engineering Technology Research Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300451, China
| | - Baojiang Sun
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Zhiwei Hao
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- CNPC Engineering Technology Research Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300451, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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7
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Blahnik J, Krickl S, Schmid K, Müller E, Lupton J, Kunz W. Microemulsion and microsuspension polymerization of methyl methacrylate in surfactant-free microemulsions (SFME). J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 648:755-767. [PMID: 37321095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS This article presents a free-radical polymerization method in a mesostructured system - free of any surfactants, protective colloids, or other auxiliary agents. It is applicable for a large variety of industrially relevant vinylic monomers. The aim of this work is to study the impact of surfactant-free mesostructuring on the polymerization kinetics and the polymer derived. EXPERIMENTS So-called surfactant-free microemulsions (SFME) were investigated as reaction media with a simple composition comprising water, a hydrotrope (ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, tert-butyl alcohol), and the monomer as the reactive oil phase (methyl methacrylate). Polymerization reactions were performed using oil-soluble, thermal- and UV-active initiators (surfactant-free microsuspension polymerization) and water-soluble, redox-active initiators (surfactant-free microemulsion polymerization). Structural analysis of the SFMEs used and the polymerization kinetics were followed by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Dried polymers were analyzed with regard to their conversion yield by mass balance, the corresponding molar masses were determined using gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and the morphology was investigated by light microscopy. FINDINGS All alcohols are suitable hydrotropes to form SFMEs, except for ethanol, which forms a molecularly disperse system. We observe significant differences in the polymerization kinetics and the molar masses of the polymers obtained. Ethanol leads to significantly higher molar masses. Within a system, higher concentrations of the other alcohols investigated give rise to less pronounced mesostructuring, lower conversions, and lower average molar masses. It could be demonstrated that the effective concentration of alcohol in the oil-rich pseudophases as well as the repulsive effect of the surfactant-free, alcohol-rich interphases constitute the relevant factors influencing polymerization. Concerning the morphology, the polymers derived range from powder-like polymers in the so-called "pre-Ouzo region" over porous-solid polymers in the bicontinuous region to dense, almost compacted, transparent polymers in unstructured regions, comparable to the findings for surfactant-based systems reported in the literature. Polymerizations in SFME comprise a new intermediate between well-known solution (i.e., molecularly dispersed) and microemulsion respectively microsuspension polymerization processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Blahnik
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Krickl
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Schmid
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Eva Müller
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - John Lupton
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Werner Kunz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
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8
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Aguirre M, Ballard N, Gonzalez E, Hamzehlou S, Sardon H, Calderon M, Paulis M, Tomovska R, Dupin D, Bean RH, Long TE, Leiza JR, Asua JM. Polymer Colloids: Current Challenges, Emerging Applications, and New Developments. Macromolecules 2023; 56:2579-2607. [PMID: 37066026 PMCID: PMC10101531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Polymer colloids are complex materials that have the potential to be used in a vast array of applications. One of the main reasons for their continued growth in commercial use is the water-based emulsion polymerization process through which they are generally synthesized. This technique is not only highly efficient from an industrial point of view but also extremely versatile and permits the large-scale production of colloidal particles with controllable properties. In this perspective, we seek to highlight the central challenges in the synthesis and use of polymer colloids, with respect to both existing and emerging applications. We first address the challenges in the current production and application of polymer colloids, with a particular focus on the transition toward sustainable feedstocks and reduced environmental impact in their primary commercial applications. Later, we highlight the features that allow novel polymer colloids to be designed and applied in emerging application areas. Finally, we present recent approaches that have used the unique colloidal nature in unconventional processing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miren Aguirre
- POLYMAT,
Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque
Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Nicholas Ballard
- POLYMAT,
Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque
Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Edurne Gonzalez
- POLYMAT,
Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque
Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Shaghayegh Hamzehlou
- POLYMAT,
Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque
Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT,
Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque
Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Marcelo Calderon
- POLYMAT,
Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque
Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Maria Paulis
- POLYMAT,
Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque
Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Radmila Tomovska
- POLYMAT,
Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque
Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Damien Dupin
- CIDETEC,
Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Gipuzkoa, P° Miramón 196, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ren H. Bean
- Biodesign
Institute, Center for Sustainable Macromolecular Materials and Manufacturing
(SM3), School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona
State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Timothy E. Long
- Biodesign
Institute, Center for Sustainable Macromolecular Materials and Manufacturing
(SM3), School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona
State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Jose R. Leiza
- POLYMAT,
Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque
Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - José M. Asua
- POLYMAT,
Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque
Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
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9
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Chen H, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Liu D, Li M, Cao Y. Surface encapsulating UV filters based on self-assembly of an amphiphilic random copolymer by miniemulsion polymerization. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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10
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Zhang T, Xu G, Blum FD. Eco-Friendly Room-Temperature Polymerization in Emulsions and Beyond. POLYM REV 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2023.2176514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tan Zhang
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
- Environmental Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gu Xu
- Brewer Science Inc., Rolla, Missouri, USA
| | - Frank D. Blum
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
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11
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Goldie S, Coleman KS. Graphitization by Metal Particles. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:3278-3285. [PMID: 36713730 PMCID: PMC9878637 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphitization of carbon offers a promising route to upcycle waste biomass and plastics into functional carbon nanomaterials for a range of applications including energy storage devices. One challenge to the more widespread utilization of this technology is controlling the carbon nanostructures formed. In this work, we undertake a meta-analysis of graphitization catalyzed by transition metals, examining the available electron microscopy data of carbon nanostructures and finding a correlation between different nanostructures and metal particle size. By considering a thermodynamic description of the graphitization process on transition-metal nanoparticles, we show an energy barrier exists that distinguishes between different growth mechanisms. Particles smaller than ∼25 nm in radius remain trapped within closed carbon structures, while nanoparticles larger than this become mobile and produce nanotubes and ribbons. These predictions agree closely with experimentally observed trends and should provide a framework to better understand and tailor graphitization of waste materials into functional carbon nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart
J Goldie
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, DurhamDH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Karl S Coleman
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Peach Street, LiverpoolL69 7ZE, U.K.
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12
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Ru J, Mastan E, Zhou L, Shao C, Zhao J, Wang S, Zhu S. Digital Strategies to Improve Product Quality and Production Efficiency of Fluorinated Polymers: 1. Development of Kinetic Model and Experimental Verification for Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene Copolymerization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ru
- Hangzhou Juyong Technology, Ltd., Hangzhou310030, P. R. China
- Hangzhou Oxygen Plant Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou310014, P. R. China
| | - Erlita Mastan
- Hangzhou Juyong Technology, Ltd., Hangzhou310030, P. R. China
| | - Liyang Zhou
- Zhejiang Juhua Co., Ltd., Quzhou324004, P. R. China
| | | | - Jie Zhao
- Zhejiang Juhua Co., Ltd., Quzhou324004, P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Wang
- Zhejiang Juhua Co., Ltd., Quzhou324004, P. R. China
| | - Shiping Zhu
- Hangzhou Juyong Technology, Ltd., Hangzhou310030, P. R. China
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen518172, P. R. China
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13
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Tarannum N, Pooja K. Recent trends and applications in the research and development activities of redispersible powder: a vision of twenty-first century. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03928-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Einsla M, Telyatnikov V, Ngunjiri J, Zhang S, Dombrowski G. Soluble-shell polymers (SSP) with end-functional crosslinking technology. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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Barrenetxe M, Agirre A, Santos JI, Badía A, Leiza JR, Barquero A. Oil‐based Versus Bio‐Based C8 Alkyl Chain (Meth)Acrylates in Emulsion Polymerization: Kinetics and Microstructure. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.202200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Barrenetxe
- POLYMAT Kimika Aplikatua saila Kimika Fakultatea Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU Joxe Mari Korta zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea, 72 Donostia 20018 Spain
| | - Amaia Agirre
- POLYMAT Kimika Aplikatua saila Kimika Fakultatea Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU Joxe Mari Korta zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea, 72 Donostia 20018 Spain
| | - José I. Santos
- SGIker‐UPV/EHU Joxe Mari Korta zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea, 72 Donostia 20018 Spain
| | - Adrián Badía
- POLYMAT Kimika Aplikatua saila Kimika Fakultatea Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU Joxe Mari Korta zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea, 72 Donostia 20018 Spain
- is currently working at: Saica Polígono ind. El Espartal Ctra. Castellón km 21 El Burgo de Ebro 50730 Spain
| | - Jose R. Leiza
- POLYMAT Kimika Aplikatua saila Kimika Fakultatea Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU Joxe Mari Korta zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea, 72 Donostia 20018 Spain
| | - Aitor Barquero
- POLYMAT Kimika Aplikatua saila Kimika Fakultatea Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU Joxe Mari Korta zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea, 72 Donostia 20018 Spain
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16
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Wang F, Zhang W, Li H, Chen X, Feng S, Mei Z. How Effective are Nano-Based Dressings in Diabetic Wound Healing? A Comprehensive Review of Literature. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:2097-2119. [PMID: 35592100 PMCID: PMC9113038 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s361282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic wound caused by diabetes is an important cause of disability and seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to develop a wound dressing that can accelerate the healing of diabetic wounds. Nanoparticles have great advantages in promoting diabetic wound healing due to their antibacterial properties, low cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility and drug delivery ability. Adding nanoparticles to the dressing matrix and using nanoparticles to deliver drugs and cytokines to promote wound healing has proven to be effective. This review will focus on the effects of diabetes on wound healing, introduce the properties, preparation methods and action mechanism of nanoparticles in wound healing, and describe the effects and application status of various nanoparticle-loaded dressings in diabetes-related chronic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sining Feng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziqing Mei
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Faust JMM, Gerlinger W, Naeem O, Mhamdi A, Mitsos A. Inline Raman Spectroscopy of an Emulsion Copolymerization in an Industrial Pilot Plant Using Indirect Hard Modeling. CHEM-ING-TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M. M. Faust
- RWTH Aachen University AVT – Aachener Verfahrenstechnik, Process Systems Engineering Forckenbeck Straße 51 52074 Aachen Germany
| | | | | | - Adel Mhamdi
- RWTH Aachen University AVT – Aachener Verfahrenstechnik, Process Systems Engineering Forckenbeck Straße 51 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Alexander Mitsos
- RWTH Aachen University AVT – Aachener Verfahrenstechnik, Process Systems Engineering Forckenbeck Straße 51 52074 Aachen Germany
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18
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Gomez-Lopez A, Elizalde F, Calvo I, Sardon H. Trends in non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) development. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12254-12265. [PMID: 34709246 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05009e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The transition towards safer and more sustainable production of polymers has led to a growing body of academic research into non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) as potential replacements for conventional, isocyanate-based polyurethane materials. This perspective article focuses on the opportunities and current limitations of NIPUs produced by the reaction between biobased cyclic carbonates with amines, which offers an interesting pathway to renewable NIPUs. While it was initially thought that due to the similarities in the chemical structure, NIPUs could be used to directly replace conventional polyurethanes (PU), this has proven to be more challenging to achieve in practice. As a result, and in spite of the vast amount of academic research into this topic, the market size of NIPUs remains negligible. In this perspective, we will emphasize the main limitations of NIPUs in comparison to conventional PUs and the most significant advances made by others and us to overcome these limitations. Finally, we provide our personal view of where research should be directed to promote the transition from the academic to the industrial sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Gomez-Lopez
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Fermin Elizalde
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Iñigo Calvo
- ORIBAY Group Automotive S.L. R&D Department, Portuetxe bidea 18, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
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19
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Porcarelli L, Sutton P, Bocharova V, Aguirresarobe RH, Zhu H, Goujon N, Leiza JR, Sokolov A, Forsyth M, Mecerreyes D. Single-Ion Conducting Polymer Nanoparticles as Functional Fillers for Solid Electrolytes in Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:54354-54362. [PMID: 34730327 PMCID: PMC8603348 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Composite solid electrolytes including inorganic nanoparticles or nanofibers which improve the performance of polymer electrolytes due to their superior mechanical, ionic conductivity, or lithium transference number are actively being researched for applications in lithium metal batteries. However, inorganic nanoparticles present limitations such as tedious surface functionalization and agglomeration issues and poor homogeneity at high concentrations in polymer matrixes. In this work, we report on polymer nanoparticles with a lithium sulfonamide surface functionality (LiPNP) for application as electrolytes in lithium metal batteries. The particles are prepared by semibatch emulsion polymerization, an easily up-scalable technique. LiPNPs are used to prepare two different families of particle-reinforced solid electrolytes. When mixed with poly(ethylene oxide) and lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (LiTFSI/PEO), the particles invoke a significant stiffening effect (E' > 106 Pa vs 105 Pa at 80 °C) while the membranes retain high ionic conductivity (σ = 6.6 × 10-4 S cm-1). Preliminary testing in LiFePO4 lithium metal cells showed promising performance of the PEO nanocomposite electrolytes. By mixing the particles with propylene carbonate without any additional salt, we obtain true single-ion conducting gel electrolytes, as the lithium sulfonamide surface functionalities are the only sources of lithium ions in the system. The gel electrolytes are mechanically robust (up to G' = 106 Pa) and show ionic conductivity up to 10-4 S cm-1. Finally, the PC nanocomposite electrolytes were tested in symmetrical lithium cells. Our findings suggest that all-polymer nanoparticles could represent a new building block material for solid-state lithium metal battery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Porcarelli
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia−San Sebastian, Spain
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Institute for
Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Melbourne, 3125 Australia
| | - Preston Sutton
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Institute for
Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Melbourne, 3125 Australia
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Robert H. Aguirresarobe
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia−San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Haijin Zhu
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Institute for
Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Melbourne, 3125 Australia
| | - Nicolas Goujon
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia−San Sebastian, Spain
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Institute for
Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Melbourne, 3125 Australia
| | - Jose R. Leiza
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia−San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Alexei Sokolov
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Maria Forsyth
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia−San Sebastian, Spain
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Institute for
Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Melbourne, 3125 Australia
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, E−48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia−San Sebastian, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, E−48011 Bilbao, Spain
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20
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Oral I, Grossmann L, Fedorenko E, Struck J, Abetz V. Synthesis of Poly(methacrylic acid)- block-Polystyrene Diblock Copolymers at High Solid Contents via RAFT Emulsion Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3675. [PMID: 34771234 PMCID: PMC8588034 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) and reversible-addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) emulsion polymerization offers a powerful technique to synthesize diblock copolymers and polymeric nanoparticles in a controlled manner. The RAFT emulsion diblock copolymerization of styrene and methacrylic acid (MAA) by using a trithiocarbonate as surfactant and RAFT agent was investigated. The Z-group of the RAFT agent was modified with a propyl-, butyl- and dodecyl- sidechain, increasing the hydrophobicity of the RAFT agent to offer well-controlled polymerization of poly(methacrylic acid)-block-polystyrene (PMAA-b-PS) diblock copolymers at high solid contents between 30-50 wt% in water. The kinetic data of the PMAA homopolymerization with the three different RAFT agents for various solvents was investigated as well as the RAFT emulsion polymerization of the diblock copolymers in pure water. While the polymerization of PMAA-b-PS with a propyl terminus as a Z-group suffered from slow polymerization rates at solid contents above 30 wt%, the polymerization with a dodecyl sidechain as a Z-group led to full conversion within 2 h, narrow molar mass distributions and all that at a remarkable solid content of up to 50 wt%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iklima Oral
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; (I.O.); (L.G.); (E.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Larissa Grossmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; (I.O.); (L.G.); (E.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Elena Fedorenko
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; (I.O.); (L.G.); (E.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Jana Struck
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; (I.O.); (L.G.); (E.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Volker Abetz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; (I.O.); (L.G.); (E.F.); (J.S.)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Membrane Research, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
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21
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Biglione C, Neumann‐Tran TMP, Kanwal S, Klinger D. Amphiphilic micro‐ and nanogels: Combining properties from internal hydrogel networks, solid particles, and micellar aggregates. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Biglione
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry) Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | | | - Sidra Kanwal
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry) Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Daniel Klinger
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry) Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
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22
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Huang T, Gong S. Preparation of Emulsifier-Free Styrene-Acrylic Emulsion via Reverse Iodine Transfer Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3348. [PMID: 34641164 PMCID: PMC8512759 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Styrene-acrylic emulsions containing hydroxyl functional monomer unit's component are widely used for maintenance coating. In this paper, a stable emulsifier-free styrene-acrylic emulsion with solid content over 43% could be obtained in 210 min via reverse iodine transfer polymerization (RITP). By adding a mixture of methacrylic acid (MAA) and poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) into a system containing a high content of hydroxyl functional monomer component (19.4 wt.% of the total monomer mass), styrene (St) could be copolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA); the modified film exhibited good hardness properties, good adhesive properties, and low water absorption. An increase in the amount of PEGMA decreased the glass transition temperature (Tg). When 1.4 times the reference amount of initiator was added, the highest molecular weight Mn could reach 40,000 g.·mol-1 with 0.25 times the reference amount of iodine in the emulsion. The largest tensile strength of the dried emulsion film over 5.5 MPa endowed the material with good mechanical properties. Living polymerization was proven by the kinetics of RITP emulsion and chain extension reaction. TEM micrographs manifest the emulsification of the seed random copolymer. This paper may provide a potential methodology for preparing polymer materials with excellent mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuling Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
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23
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Gabriel VA, Champagne P, Cunningham MF, Dubé MA. In‐situ addition of carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals in seeded semi‐batch emulsion polymerization. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vida A. Gabriel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Pascale Champagne
- Department of Chemical Engineering Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada
| | | | - Marc A. Dubé
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
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24
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Droplet formation in oval microchannels with a double T junction: a CFD and experimental study. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s43153-021-00133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Pakdel AS, Cranston ED, Dubé MA. Incorporating Hydrophobic Cellulose Nanocrystals inside Latex Particles via Mini‐Emulsion Polymerization. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.202100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Saeid Pakdel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Emily D. Cranston
- Department of Wood Science and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Marc A. Dubé
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Jone Urrutia
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Korta building, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - José M. Asua
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Korta building, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
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27
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Biopesticide Encapsulation Using Supercritical CO 2: A Comprehensive Review and Potential Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26134003. [PMID: 34209179 PMCID: PMC8272144 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As an alternative to synthetic pesticides, natural chemistries from living organisms, are not harmful to nontarget organisms and the environment, can be used as biopesticides, nontarget. However, to reduce the reactivity of active ingredients, avoid undesired reactions, protect from physical stress, and control or lower the release rate, encapsulation processes can be applied to biopesticides. In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of the most common encapsulation processes for biopesticides are discussed. The use of supercritical fluid technology (SFT), mainly carbon dioxide (CO2), to encapsulate biopesticides is highlighted, as they reduce the use of organic solvents, have simpler separation processes, and achieve high-purity particles. This review also presents challenges to be surpassed and the lack of application of SFT for biopesticides in the published literature is discussed to evaluate its potential and prospects.
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28
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Barquero A, Agirre A, Leiza JR. Asymmetric-Flow Field-Flow Fractionation of complex waterborne polymer dispersions: Effect of the concentration of water in the measurement of molar mass distributions. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1652:462363. [PMID: 34261024 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric-Flow Field-Flow Fractionation is a very powerful technique for measuring the molar mass distribution of polymers with complex microstructures. The analysis of some samples such as self-crosslinkable latexes requires to directly dissolve the polymer dispersion in the eluent (THF) without drying it, and this work studies the effect of the presence of this water in those analysis. Taking a polystyrene latex as model system, it was observed that the measured molar mass and radius of gyration increased as the concentration of water in the sample increased. This was an effect of a decrease in the compatibility between the solvent mixture (THF and water) and the polymer, which formed aggregates, and could be predicted calculating the polymer-solvent interaction parameter. When the study was extended to poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(n-butyl acrylate) and poly(vinyl acetate) the same general trend was observed, however, the impact of the water was less significant as the hydrophilicity of the polymer increased. Most importantly, if the samples with the highest water content were first dissolved in THF and afterwards dried using MgSO4 the measured molar mass and radius of gyration values were the same as for the reference sample (dried in the oven), providing a method to analyze samples that cannot be dried into a film and remove the negative effect of the water at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Barquero
- POLYMAT, Kimika Aplikatua saila, Kimika Fakultatea, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta zentroa, Tolosa hiribidea, 72, 20018 Donostia, Spain.
| | - Amaia Agirre
- POLYMAT, Kimika Aplikatua saila, Kimika Fakultatea, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta zentroa, Tolosa hiribidea, 72, 20018 Donostia, Spain
| | - Jose Ramon Leiza
- POLYMAT, Kimika Aplikatua saila, Kimika Fakultatea, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta zentroa, Tolosa hiribidea, 72, 20018 Donostia, Spain
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29
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Carter MCD, Hejl A, Woodfin S, Einsla B, Janco M, DeFelippis J, Cooper RJ, Even RC. Backbone-Degradable Vinyl Acetate Latex: Coatings for Single-Use Paper Products. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:591-597. [PMID: 35570773 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We report an approach to waterborne and degradable latex polymers. Emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate (VA) with the cyclic ketene acetal 2-methylene-1,3-dioxepane (MDO) yields polymer particles and latex-based coatings that are hydrolytically degradable due to the presence of backbone ester groups. Polymerization under mildly basic conditions (pH 8) and at low temperature (40 °C) is critical: if the in-process pH is too acidic or the temperature too high, MDO is lost to hydrolysis, but when the media is too alkaline, VA monomer rapidly hydrolyzes. When coated onto commercial paper, films of these degradable particle dispersions show excellent oil and grease resistance as compared to non-degradable, VA-only compositions. This new class of latex is therefore well-suited for the design of next-generation, biodegradable and compostable single-use food service products, as well as for other applications where the erosion or degradation of polymer-based films and coatings is required.
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30
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Manfredini N, Tomasoni M, Sponchioni M, Moscatelli D. Influence of the Polymer Microstructure over the Phase Separation of Thermo-Responsive Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1032. [PMID: 33810300 PMCID: PMC8037153 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermo-responsive nanoparticles (NPs), i.e., colloids with a sharp and often reversible phase separation in response to thermal stimuli, are coming to the forefront due to their dynamic behavior, useful in applications ranging from biomedicine to advanced separations and smart optics. What is guiding the macroscopic behavior of these systems above their critical temperature is mainly the microstructure of the polymer chains of which these NPs are comprised. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the influence of the polymer properties over the thermal response is highly required to reproducibly target a specific behavior. In this study, we synthesized thermo-responsive NPs with different size, polymeric microstructure and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) and investigated the role of these properties over their phase separation. We first synthesized four different thermo-responsive oligomers via Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate. Then, exploiting the RAFT living character, we chain-extended these oligomers with butyl methacrylate obtaining a library of NPs. Finally, we investigated the NP thermo-responsive behavior, their physical state above the cloud point (Tcp) as well as their reversibility once the stimulus is removed. We concluded that the solid content plays a minor role compared to the relative length of the two blocks forming the polymer chains. In particular, the longer the stabilizer, the more favored the formation of a gel. At the same time, the reversibility is mainly achieved at high HLB, independently from the absolute lengths of the block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mattia Sponchioni
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy; (N.M.); (M.T.); (D.M.)
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31
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Biobased Alkali Soluble Resins promoting supramolecular interactions in sustainable waterborne Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives: High performance and removability. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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32
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Muench S, Gerlach P, Burges R, Strumpf M, Hoeppener S, Wild A, Lex‐Balducci A, Balducci A, Brendel JC, Schubert US. Emulsion Polymerizations for a Sustainable Preparation of Efficient TEMPO-based Electrodes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:449-455. [PMID: 33078905 PMCID: PMC7839472 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic polymer-based batteries represent a promising alternative to present-day metal-based systems and a valuable step toward printable and customizable energy storage devices. However, most scientific work is focussed on the development of new redox-active organic materials, while straightforward manufacturing and sustainable materials and production will be a necessary key for the transformation to mass market applications. Here, a new synthetic approach for 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperinidyl-N-oxyl (TEMPO)-based polymer particles by emulsion polymerization and their electrochemical investigation are reported. The developed emulsion polymerization protocol based on an aqueous reaction medium allowed the sustainable synthesis of a redox-active electrode material, combined with simple variation of the polymer particle size, which enabled the preparation of nanoparticles from 35 to 138 nm. Their application in cell experiments revealed a significant effect of the size of the active-polymer particles on the performance of poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperinidyl-N-oxyl methacrylate) (PTMA)-based electrodes. In particular rate capabilities were found to be reduced with larger diameters. Nevertheless, all cells based on the different particles revealed the ability to recover from temporary capacity loss due to application of very high charge/discharge rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Muench
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Patrick Gerlach
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
- Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - René Burges
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Maria Strumpf
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 707743JenaGermany
| | - Andreas Wild
- Evonik Operations GmbHResearch, Development & InnovationPaul-Baumann-Straße 145772MarlGermany
| | - Alexandra Lex‐Balducci
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Andrea Balducci
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
- Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Johannes C. Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 1007743 JenaGermany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 7a07743JenaGermany
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Macbeth AJ, Lin Z, Goddard JM. General method for emulsion polymerization to yield functional terpolymers. MethodsX 2020; 7:101110. [PMID: 33145186 PMCID: PMC7591728 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2020.101110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Copolymerization methods are used to impart specific, desired functional properties (e.g. mechanical or bioactive) to a material for targeted applications in biomedicine, food and agriculture, consumer products, advanced manufacturing, and more. Many polymerization methods exist to achieve tailored copolymer architectures. Of them, emulsion polymerization offers unique and industrially convenient features that make for easily scalable processes because the synthesis occurs in water and the latexes usually do not need further purification. Because of the breadth of copolymer architectures and thus wide range of potential applications for latexes produced by emulsion polymerization, there is great value in defining general methods for emulsion polymerizations to yield copolymers, including routes for synthesis of functional monomer building blocks, to permit consistency and optimization of these processes. Herein we present a general emulsion polymerization method for synthesis of a copolymer consisting of three functional monomers, suitable for adaptation to alternate base chemistries, curing chemistries, and functional ligands. This protocol includes the synthesis of the functional monomers glycidyl methacrylate-iminodiacetic acid (GMA-IDA) and 4-benzolylphneyl methacrylate (BPM).Our synthesized copolymer includes a glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) monomer functionalized with a metal-chelating iminodiacetic acid (IDA) ligand, a UV-curable monomer, 4-benzoylphenyl methacrylate (BPM), and an inert hydrophobic monomer, n‑butyl acrylate (BA). The presented synthesis route demonstrates a general polymerization method that can be modified to copolymerize alternative functional monomers to create multi-functional polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Macbeth
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, United States
| | - Zhuangsheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Julie M Goddard
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, United States
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Huang W, Zhu D, Fan Y, Xue X, Yang H, Jiang L, Jiang Q, Chen J, Jiang B, Komarneni S. Preparation of stable inverse emulsions of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and their stability evaluation by centrifugal coefficient. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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da Silva Lúcio Fernandes L, de Jesus AA, de Araújo Padilha CE, de Santana Souza DF, Cellet TSP, de Sousa EMBD, de Oliveira JA. Fabrication of methyl methacrylate-based polymer particles by miniemulsion and combined miniemulsion/emulsion polymerization using an atomization apparatus. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s43153-020-00071-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rey C, Zuviría G, Rivelli S, Giannetti R, Tomba JP, Carella JM. Reactor and Product Optimization via Raman Fiber Optics Monitoring: Application to Polymer‐Based Proppants. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.202000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Candela Rey
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA) National Research Council (CONICET) University of Mar del Plata Juan B. Justo 4302 Mar del Plata Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Zuviría
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA) National Research Council (CONICET) University of Mar del Plata Juan B. Justo 4302 Mar del Plata Argentina
| | - Sofía Rivelli
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA) National Research Council (CONICET) University of Mar del Plata Juan B. Justo 4302 Mar del Plata Argentina
| | - Rocío Giannetti
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA) National Research Council (CONICET) University of Mar del Plata Juan B. Justo 4302 Mar del Plata Argentina
| | - J. Pablo Tomba
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA) National Research Council (CONICET) University of Mar del Plata Juan B. Justo 4302 Mar del Plata Argentina
| | - José M. Carella
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA) National Research Council (CONICET) University of Mar del Plata Juan B. Justo 4302 Mar del Plata Argentina
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Schultz ES, Sheibat-Othman N, Mitsos A, Mhamdi A. Model-Based Optimization of Semibatch Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo S. Schultz
- Process Systems Engineering (AVT.SVT), RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Laboratoire d’Automatique et de Génie des Procédés (LAGEPP), CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5007, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nida Sheibat-Othman
- Laboratoire d’Automatique et de Génie des Procédés (LAGEPP), CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5007, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Alexander Mitsos
- Process Systems Engineering (AVT.SVT), RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- JARA-Soft, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Adel Mhamdi
- Process Systems Engineering (AVT.SVT), RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Gabriel VA, Cranston ED, Dubé MA. Pushing the Limits with Cellulose Nanocrystal Loadings in Latex‐Based Pressure‐Sensitive Adhesive Nanocomposites. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.202000027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vida A. Gabriel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation University of Ottawa 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Emily D. Cranston
- Department of Wood Science University of British Columbia 2424 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Marc A. Dubé
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation University of Ottawa 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada
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Tripathi AK, Tsavalas JG. Ghost‐Mirror Approach for Accurate and Efficient Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of Seeded Emulsion Polymerization. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.202000033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amit K. Tripathi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of New Hampshire Durham NH 03824 USA
| | - John G. Tsavalas
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of New Hampshire Durham NH 03824 USA
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41
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Molina-Gutiérrez S, Li WSJ, Perrin R, Ladmiral V, Bongiovanni R, Caillol S, Lacroix-Desmazes P. Radical Aqueous Emulsion Copolymerization of Eugenol-Derived Monomers for Adhesive Applications. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4514-4521. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuong Minh Quoc Le
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Marc Schmutz
- Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, UPR 22, University of Strasbourg, 23 Rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Abraham Chemtob
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
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Zaborniak I, Surmacz K, Flejszar M, Chmielarz P. Triple‐functional riboflavin‐based molecule for efficient atom transfer radical polymerization in miniemulsion media. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Zaborniak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryRzeszow University of Technology Rzeszów Poland
| | - Karolina Surmacz
- Doctoral School of Engineering and Technical SciencesRzeszów University of Technology Rzeszów Poland
| | - Monika Flejszar
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryRzeszow University of Technology Rzeszów Poland
| | - Paweł Chmielarz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryRzeszow University of Technology Rzeszów Poland
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Scott PJ, Meenakshisundaram V, Hegde M, Kasprzak CR, Winkler CR, Feller KD, Williams CB, Long TE. 3D Printing Latex: A Route to Complex Geometries of High Molecular Weight Polymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:10918-10928. [PMID: 32028758 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Vat photopolymerization (VP) additive manufacturing fabricates intricate geometries with excellent resolution; however, high molecular weight polymers are not amenable to VP due to concomitant high solution and melt viscosities. Thus, a challenging paradox arises between printability and mechanical performance. This report describes concurrent photopolymer and VP system design to navigate this paradox with the unprecedented use of polymeric colloids (latexes) that effectively decouple the dependency of viscosity on molecular weight. Photocrosslinking of a continuous-phase scaffold, which surrounds the latex particles, combined with in situ computer-vision print parameter optimization, which compensates for light scattering, enables high-resolution VP of high molecular weight polymer latexes as particle-embedded green bodies. Thermal post-processing promotes coalescence of the dispersed particles throughout the scaffold, forming a semi-interpenetrating polymer network without loss in part resolution. Printing a styrene-butadiene rubber latex, a previously inaccessible elastomer composition for VP, exemplified this approach and yielded printed elastomers with precise geometry and tensile extensibilities exceeding 500%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Scott
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Viswanath Meenakshisundaram
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Maruti Hegde
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Christopher R Kasprzak
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Christopher R Winkler
- Nanoscale Characterization and Fabrication Laboratory (NCFL), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Keyton D Feller
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Christopher B Williams
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Timothy E Long
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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Polymerisable surfactants for polymethacrylates using catalytic chain transfer polymerisation (CCTP) combined with sulfur free-RAFT in emulsion polymerisation. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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47
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Nauman N, Zaquen N, Boyer C, Zetterlund PB. Miniemulsion photopolymerization in a continuous tubular reactor: particle size control viamembrane emulsification. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00654h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles of adjustable size in the submicron-range 200–950 nm has been conductedviamembrane emulsification combined with photoinduced miniemulsion polymerization in a continuous tubular flow reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Nauman
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering
| | - Neomy Zaquen
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine
| | - Per B. Zetterlund
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
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48
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Li W, Palis H, Mérindol R, Majimel J, Ravaine S, Duguet E. Colloidal molecules and patchy particles: complementary concepts, synthesis and self-assembly. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:1955-1976. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00804g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
About the latest developments regarding self-assembly of textured colloids and its prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiya Li
- Univ. Bordeaux
- CNRS
- ICMCB
- UMR 5026
- Pessac
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49
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Scott PJ, Kasprzak CR, Feller KD, Meenakshisundaram V, Williams CB, Long TE. Light and latex: advances in the photochemistry of polymer colloids. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00349b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Unparalleled temporal and spatial control of colloidal chemical processes introduces immense potential for the manufacturing, modification, and manipulation of latex particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J. Scott
- Department of Chemistry
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
| | | | - Keyton D. Feller
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
| | | | - Christopher B. Williams
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
| | - Timothy E. Long
- Department of Chemistry
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
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50
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Liu R, Lu Y, Pu W, Hu P, Luo Q, Luo H. Synthesis and Characterization of Amphiphilic Hairy Nanoparticles with pH and Ionic Dual‐Responsiveness. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- School of Petroleum EngineeringSouthwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation (Southwest Petroleum University) Chengdu 610500 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- School of Petroleum EngineeringSouthwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation (Southwest Petroleum University) Chengdu 610500 People's Republic of China
| | - Wanfen Pu
- School of Petroleum EngineeringSouthwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation (Southwest Petroleum University) Chengdu 610500 People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Hu
- Shunan Gas Mine, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company Luzhou 646000 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Experimental Detection Research Institute, Xinjiang Oilfield Branch Company, PetroChina Karamay Xinjiang 834000 People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Luo
- Exploration and Development Research Institute of Tarim Oilfield Company, PetroChina Korla 841000 People's Republic of China
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