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Pouyan P, Cherri M, Haag R. Polyglycerols as Multi-Functional Platforms: Synthesis and Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132684. [PMID: 35808728 PMCID: PMC9269438 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The remarkable and unique characteristics of polyglycerols (PG) have made them an attractive candidate for many applications in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. The presence of multiple hydroxy groups on the flexible polyether backbone not only enables the further modification of the PG structure but also makes the polymer highly water-soluble and results in excellent biocompatibility. In this review, the polymerization routes leading to PG with different architectures are discussed. Moreover, we discuss the role of these polymers in different biomedical applications such as drug delivery systems, protein conjugation, and surface modification.
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Oleszko-Torbus N, Mendrek B, Kowalczuk A, Wałach W, Trzebicka B, Utrata-Wesołek A. The Role of Polymer Structure in Formation of Various Nano- and Microstructural Materials: 30 Years of Research in the Laboratory of Nano- and Microstructural Materials at the Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials PAS. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2892. [PMID: 34502932 PMCID: PMC8434041 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The review summarizes the research carried out in the Laboratory of Nano- and Microstructural Materials at the Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences (CMPW PAS). Studies carried out for many years under the guidance of Professor Andrzej Dworak led to the development and exploration of the mechanisms of oxirane and cyclic imine polymerization and controlled radical polymerization of methacrylate monomers. Based on that knowledge, within the last three decades, macromolecules with the desired composition, molar mass and topology were obtained and investigated. The ability to control the structure of the synthesized polymers turned out to be important, as it provided a way to tailor the physiochemical properties of the materials to their specific uses. Many linear polymers and copolymers as well as macromolecules with branched, star, dendritic and hyperbranched architectures were synthesized. Thanks to the applied controlled polymerization techniques, it was possible to obtain hydrophilic, hydrophobic, amphiphilic and stimulus-sensitive polymers. These tailor-made polymers with controlled properties were used for the construction of various types of materials, primarily on the micro- and nanoscales, with a wide range of possible applications, mainly in biomedicine. The diverse topology of polymers, and thus their properties, made it possible to obtain various types of polymeric nanostructures and use them as nanocarriers by encapsulation of biologically active substances. Additionally, polymer layers were obtained with features useful in medicine, particularly regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.O.-T.); (B.M.); (A.K.); (W.W.)
| | - Alicja Utrata-Wesołek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.O.-T.); (B.M.); (A.K.); (W.W.)
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Arborescent Unimolecular Micelles: Poly(γ-Benzyl l-Glutamate) Core Grafted with a Hydrophilic Shell by Copper(I)-Catalyzed Azide⁻Alkyne Cycloaddition Coupling. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9100540. [PMID: 30965848 PMCID: PMC6418952 DOI: 10.3390/polym9100540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphiphilic copolymers were obtained by grafting azide-terminated polyglycidol, poly(ethylene oxide), or poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) chain segments onto alkyne-functionalized arborescent poly(γ-benzyl l-glutamate) (PBG) cores of generations G1–G3 via copper(I)-catalyzed azide–alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition (CuAAC) coupling. The alkyne functional groups on the arborescent PBG substrates were either distributed randomly or located exclusively at the end of the chains added in the last grafting cycle of the core synthesis. The location of these coupling sites influenced the ability of the arborescent copolymers to form unimolecular micelles in aqueous environments: The chain end grafting approach provided enhanced dispersibility in aqueous media and favored the formation of unimolecular micelles in comparison to random grafting. This is attributed to a better defined core-shell morphology for the copolymers with end-grafted shell segments. Aqueous solubility also depended on the type of material used for the shell chains. Coupling by CuAAC opens up possibilities for grafting a broad range of polymers on the arborescent substrates under mild conditions.
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Neqal M, Pichavant L, Gauthier M, Héroguez V. Plurifunctional polyglycidol-based particles prepared by Dispersion Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Whitton G, Gauthier M. Arborescent micelles: Dendritic poly(γ-benzyll-glutamate) cores grafted with hydrophilic chain segments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Greg Whitton
- Department of Chemistry; Institute for Polymer Research, University of Waterloo; 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Mario Gauthier
- Department of Chemistry; Institute for Polymer Research, University of Waterloo; 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
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6
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Zhang J, Wang G. Polymers with complicated architectures constructed from the versatile, functional monomer 1-ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether. Sci China Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-015-5463-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhang H, Grinstaff MW. Recent advances in glycerol polymers: chemistry and biomedical applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:1906-24. [PMID: 25308354 PMCID: PMC4415886 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glycerol polymers are attracting increased attention due to the diversity of polymer compositions and architectures available. This article provides a brief chronological review on the current status of these polymers along with representative examples of their use for biomedical applications. First, the underlying chemistry of glycerol that provides access to a range of monomers for subsequent polymerizations is described. Then, the various synthetic methodologies to prepare glycerol-based polymers including polyethers, polycarbonates, polyesters, and so forth are reviewed. Next, several biomedical applications where glycerol polymers are being investigated including carriers for drug delivery, sealants or coatings for tissue repair, and agents possessing antibacterial activity are described. Fourth, the growing market opportunity for the use of polymers in medicine is described. Finally, the findings are concluded and summarized, as well as the potential opportunities for continued research efforts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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Thomas A, Müller SS, Frey H. Beyond Poly(ethylene glycol): Linear Polyglycerol as a Multifunctional Polyether for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:1935-54. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5002608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Thomas
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sophie S. Müller
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Zhai S, Song X, Yang D, Chen W, Hu J, Lu G, Huang X. Synthesis of well-defined pH-responsive PPEGMEA-g
-P2VP double hydrophilic graft copolymer via sequential SET-LRP and ATRP. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mendrek S, Mendrek A, Adler HJ, Dworak A, Kuckling D. Temperature-sensitive behaviour of poly(glycidol)-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) block copolymers. Colloid Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-010-2203-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Feng C, Li Y, Yang D, Li Y, Hu J, Zhai S, Lu G, Huang X. Synthesis of well-defined PNIPAM-b
-(PEA-g
-P2VP) double hydrophilic graft copolymer via sequential SET-LRP and ATRP and its “schizophrenic” Micellization behavior in aqueous media. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mendrek S, Mendrek A, Adler HJ, Dworak A, Kuckling D. Preparation of Temperature-Sensitive Core−Shell Poly(glycidol)/Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Nanohydrogels under Surfactant-Free Conditions. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma901849j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Mendrek
- Fachrichtung Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
- Center of Polymer and Carbon Materials, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Mendrek
- Fachrichtung Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
- Center of Polymer and Carbon Materials, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Hans-Jürgen Adler
- Fachrichtung Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrzej Dworak
- Center of Polymer and Carbon Materials, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dirk Kuckling
- Fachrichtung Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
- Department Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburgerstrasse 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
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Mao J, Gan Z. The Influence of Pendant Hydroxyl Groups on Enzymatic Degradation and Drug Delivery of Amphiphilic Poly[glycidol-block
-(ε
-caprolactone)] Copolymers. Macromol Biosci 2009; 9:1080-9. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200900104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Keul H, Möller M. Synthesis and degradation of biomedical materials based on linear and star shaped polyglycidols. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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15
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Gu L, Feng C, Yang D, Li Y, Hu J, Lu G, Huang X. PPEGMEA-g
-PDEAEMA: Double hydrophilic double-grafted copolymer stimuli-responsive to both pH and salinity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Mendrek S, Mendrek A, Adler H, Dworak A, Kuckling D. Synthesis and characterization of pH sensitive poly(glycidol)‐
b
‐poly(4‐vinylpyridine) block copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Mendrek
- Fachrichtung Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, D‐01062 Dresden, Germany
- Center of Polymer and Carbon Materials, M. Sklodowskiej‐Curie 34, 41‐819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Mendrek
- Fachrichtung Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, D‐01062 Dresden, Germany
- Center of Polymer and Carbon Materials, M. Sklodowskiej‐Curie 34, 41‐819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Hans‐Juergen Adler
- Fachrichtung Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, D‐01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrzej Dworak
- Center of Polymer and Carbon Materials, M. Sklodowskiej‐Curie 34, 41‐819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dirk Kuckling
- Department Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburgerstrasse 100, D‐33098 Paderborn, Germany
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Chain transfer reactions limit the molecular weight of polyglycidol prepared via alkali metal based initiating systems. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Wang W, Li T, Yu T, Zhu F. Synthesis of Multiblock Copolymers by Coupling Reaction Based on Self-Assembly and Click Chemistry. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma802291w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- WanJuan Wang
- Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ting Li
- Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - FangMing Zhu
- Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Hans M, Keul H, Moeller M. Poly(ether-ester) Conjugates with Enhanced Degradation. Biomacromolecules 2008; 9:2954-62. [DOI: 10.1021/bm8007499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Hans
- DWI an der RWTH Aachen e.V. and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 8, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Helmut Keul
- DWI an der RWTH Aachen e.V. and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 8, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Moeller
- DWI an der RWTH Aachen e.V. and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 8, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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20
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Feng C, Shen Z, Gu L, Zhang S, Li L, Lu G, Huang X. Synthesis and characterization of PNIPAM‐b‐(PEA‐g‐PDEA) double hydrophilic graft copolymer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Li G, Song S, Guo L, Ma S. Self-assembly of thermo- and pH-responsive poly(acrylic acid)-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) micelles for drug delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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