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Biodegradable Materials for Tissue Engineering: Development, Classification and Current Applications. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14030159. [PMID: 36976083 PMCID: PMC10051288 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14030159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this review is to map the current state of biodegradable materials that are used in tissue engineering for a variety of applications. At the beginning, the paper briefly identifies typical clinical indications in orthopedics for the use of biodegradable implants. Subsequently, the most frequent groups of biodegradable materials are identified, classified, and analyzed. To this end, a bibliometric analysis was applied to evaluate the evolution of the scientific literature in selected topics of the subject. The special focus of this study is on polymeric biodegradable materials that have been widely used for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Moreover, to outline current research trends and future research directions in this area, selected smart biodegradable materials are characterized, categorized, and discussed. Finally, pertinent conclusions regarding the applicability of biodegradable materials are drawn and recommendations for future research are suggested to drive this line of research forward.
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Demir D, Uğurlu MA, Ceylan S, Sakım B, Genç R, Bölgen N. Assessment of Chitosan‐Gum Tragacanth Cryogels For Tissue Engineering Applications. POLYM INT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Didem Demir
- Mersin University, Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department Mersin Turkey
| | - Müge Aşık Uğurlu
- Mersin University, Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department Mersin Turkey
| | - Seda Ceylan
- Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Engineering Faculty, Bioengineering Department Adana Turkey
| | - Burcu Sakım
- Mersin University, Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department Mersin Turkey
| | - Rükan Genç
- Mersin University, Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department Mersin Turkey
| | - Nimet Bölgen
- Mersin University, Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department Mersin Turkey
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Synthesis of porous polymers by means of Michael addition reaction of multifunctional acetoacetate and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
The development of degradable polymers has commanded significant attention over the past half century. Approaches have predominantly relied on ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters (e.g., lactones, lactides) and N-carboxyanhydrides, as well as radical ring-opening polymerizations of cyclic ketene acetals. In recent years, there has been a significant effort applied to expand the family of degradable polymers accessible via olefin metathesis polymerization. Given the excellent functional group tolerance of olefin metathesis polymerization reactions generally, a broad range of conceivable degradable moieties can be incorporated into appropriate monomers and thus into polymer backbones. This approach has proven particularly versatile in synthesizing a broad spectrum of degradable polymers including poly(ester), poly(amino acid), poly(acetal), poly(carbonate), poly(phosphoester), poly(phosphoramidate), poly(enol ether), poly(azobenzene), poly(disulfide), poly(sulfonate ester), poly(silyl ether), and poly(oxazinone) among others. In this review, we will highlight the main olefin metathesis polymerization strategies that have been used to access degradable polymers, including (i) acyclic diene metathesis polymerization, (ii) entropy-driven and (iii) enthalpy-driven ring-opening metathesis polymerization, as well as (iv) cascade enyne metathesis polymerization. In addition, the livingness or control of polymerization reactions via different strategies are highlighted and compared. Potential applications, challenges and future perspectives of this new library of degradable polyolefins are discussed. It is clear from recent and accelerating developments in this field that olefin metathesis polymerization represents a powerful synthetic tool towards degradable polymers with novel structures and properties inaccessible by other polymerization approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute for
Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yifei Liang
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute for
Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Matthew P. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute for
Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute for
Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering,
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Pharmacology, Chemistry of Life
Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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Naga N, Ito M, Mezaki A, Tang HC, Chang TFM, Sone M, Nageh H, Nakano T. Morphology Control and Metallization of Porous Polymers Synthesized by Michael Addition Reactions of a Multi-Functional Acrylamide with a Diamine. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:800. [PMID: 33572043 PMCID: PMC7915525 DOI: 10.3390/ma14040800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Porous polymers have been synthesized by an aza-Michael addition reaction of a multi-functional acrylamide, N,N',N″,N‴-tetraacryloyltriethylenetetramine (AM4), and hexamethylene diamine (HDA) in H2O without catalyst. Reaction conditions, such as monomer concentration and reaction temperature, affected the morphology of the resulting porous structures. Connected spheres, co-continuous monolithic structures and/or isolated holes were observed on the surface of the porous polymers. These structures were formed by polymerization-induced phase separation via spinodal decomposition or highly internal phase separation. The obtained porous polymers were soft and flexible and not breakable by compression. The porous polymers adsorbed various solvents. An AM4-HDA porous polymer could be plated by Ni using an electroless plating process via catalyzation by palladium (II) acetylacetonate following reduction of Ni ions in a plating solution. The intermediate Pd-catalyzed porous polymer promoted the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction of 4-bromoanisole and phenylboronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Naga
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8548, Japan;
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8548, Japan;
| | - Minako Ito
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8548, Japan;
| | - Aya Mezaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8548, Japan;
| | - Hao-Chun Tang
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; (H.-C.T.); (T.-F.M.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Tso-Fu Mark Chang
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; (H.-C.T.); (T.-F.M.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Masato Sone
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; (H.-C.T.); (T.-F.M.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Hassan Nageh
- Institute for Catalysis and Graduate, School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N 21, W 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; (H.N.); (T.N.)
| | - Tamaki Nakano
- Institute for Catalysis and Graduate, School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N 21, W 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; (H.N.); (T.N.)
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences, Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N 21, W 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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Well-defined monolith morphology regulates cell adhesion and its functions. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:110108. [PMID: 31546415 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophilic epoxy resin-based monoliths were employed as cell culture substrates. The monoliths were made of a porous material with a bicontinuous structure that consisted of a porous channel and a resin skeleton. Monolith disks were prepared with a skinless surface through polymerization-induced spinodal decomposition-type phase separation. The pore sizes, which were well controlled by the polymerization temperature, ranged from 70 to 380 nm. The quantity of protein adsorbed per unit area and the early-stage adhesion of HepG2 cells on the monolith substrates were independent of pore size, meaning they were not affected by surface topology. Long-term cell adhesion, as indicated by adherent cell number and shape, as well as liver-specific gene expression were significantly affected by pore size. In terms of cell shape, number, and gene expression, pores of approximately 200 nm were most suitable for HepG2 cell growth. These results highlight the importance of monolith morphology for use as a cell culture substrate. The well-controlled morphology demonstrated in this work indicates monoliths are capable of supporting growth for various types of cells in a range of applications.
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Gigli M, Lotti N, Gazzano M, Finelli L, Munari A. Synthesis and characterization of novel poly(butylene succinate)-based copolyesters designed as potential candidates for soft tissue engineering. POLYM ENG SCI 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Anderson EB, Buchmeiser MR. Catalysts Immobilized on Organic Polymeric Monolithic Supports: From Molecular Heterogeneous Catalysis to Biocatalysis. ChemCatChem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201100086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Buchmeiser MR. Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization-Derived Materials for Separation Science, Heterogeneous Catalysis and Tissue Engineering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201000014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Weichelt F, Lenz S, Tiede S, Reinhardt I, Frerich B, Buchmeiser MR. ROMP-Derived cyclooctene-based monolithic polymeric materials reinforced with inorganic nanoparticles for applications in tissue engineering. Beilstein J Org Chem 2010; 6:1199-205. [PMID: 21283558 PMCID: PMC3028601 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.6.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous monolithic inorganic/polymeric hybrid materials have been prepared via ring-opening metathesis copolymerization starting from a highly polar monomer, i.e., cis-5-cyclooctene-trans-1,2-diol and a 7-oxanorborn-2-ene-derived cross-linker in the presence of porogenic solvents and two types of inorganic nanoparticles (i.e., CaCO₃ and calcium hydroxyapatite, respectively) using the third-generation Grubbs initiator RuCl₂(Py)₂(IMesH₂)(CHPh). The physico-chemical properties of the monolithic materials, such as pore size distribution and microhardness were studied with regard to the nanoparticle type and content. Moreover, the reinforced monoliths were tested for the possible use as scaffold materials in tissue engineering, by carrying out cell cultivation experiments with human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Weichelt
- Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung e. V. (IOM), Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Solvig Lenz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universität Rostock, Schillingallee 35, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefanie Tiede
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universität Rostock, Schillingallee 35, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingrid Reinhardt
- Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung e. V. (IOM), Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard Frerich
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universität Rostock, Schillingallee 35, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael R Buchmeiser
- Institut für Polymerchemie, Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Stoffe und Faserchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut für Textilchemie und Chemiefasern, Körschtalstrasse 26, D-73770 Denkendorf, Germany
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Garrido L, Jiménez I, Ellis G, Cano P, García-Martínez JM, López L, de la Peña E. Characterization of surface-modified polyalkanoate films for biomedical applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Weichelt F, Frerich B, Lenz S, Tiede S, Buchmeiser MR. Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization-Based Synthesis of CaCO(3) Nanoparticle-Reinforced Polymeric Monoliths for Tissue Engineering. Macromol Rapid Commun 2010; 31:1540-5. [PMID: 21567564 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201000317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Porous monolithic materials have been prepared via ring-opening metathesis polymerization from norborn-2-ene and a 7-oxanorborn-2-ene-based cross-linker in the presence of porogenic solvents (i.e., 2-propanol and toluene) and norborn-2-enephosphonate surface-modified CaCO(3) nanoparticles, using the 3(rd) -generation Grubbs-initiator RuCl(2) (Py)(2) (IMesH(2) )(CHPh). The experimental setup and the conditions chosen allowed for the manufacturing of polymeric monoliths characterized by a homogeneous distribution of the inorganic nanoparticles throughout the polymeric monolith. Depending on the nanoparticle content, the macropore diameters could be varied in the 30-120 µm regime. Noteworthy, the addition of nanoparticles did not affect the phase separation-triggered formation of the monolithic matrix nor the meso- and microporosity as evidenced by N(2) -adsorption experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Weichelt
- Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung e. V. IOM, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
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Löber A, Scheibitz B, Frerich B, Buchmeiser MR. Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization-Derived Monolithic Materials: Novel Syntheses and Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200900037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bandari R, Höche T, Prager A, Dirnberger K, Buchmeiser M. Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Based Pore-Size-Selective Functionalization of Glycidyl Methacrylate Based Monolithic Media: Access to Size-Stable Nanoparticles for Ligand-Free Metal Catalysis. Chemistry 2010; 16:4650-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2009] [Revised: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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