1
|
Hughes RW, Marquez JD, Young JB, Garrison JB, Zastrow IS, Evans AM, Sumerlin BS. Selective Electrochemical Modification and Degradation of Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403026. [PMID: 38416815 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrate that electrochemical-induced decarboxylation enables reliable post-polymerization modification and degradation of polymers. Polymers containing N-(acryloxy)phthalimides were subjected to electrochemical decarboxylation under mild conditions, which led to the formation of transient alkyl radicals. By installing these redox-active units, we systematically modified the pendent groups and chain ends of polyacrylates. This approach enabled the production of poly(ethylene-co-methyl acrylate) and poly(propylene-co-methyl acrylate) copolymers, which are difficult to synthesize by direct polymerization. Spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques reveal these transformations are near-quantitative on several polymer systems. Electrochemical decarboxylation also enables the degradation of all-methacrylate poly(N-(methacryloxy)phthalimide-co-methyl methacrylate) copolymers with a degradation efficiency of >95 %. Chain cleavage is achieved through the decarboxylation of the N-hydroxyphthalimide ester and subsequent β-scission of the backbone radical. Electrochemistry is thus shown to be a powerful tool in selective polymer transformations and controlled macromolecular degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhys W Hughes
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Joshua D Marquez
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - James B Young
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - John B Garrison
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Isabella S Zastrow
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Austin M Evans
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Brent S Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jeon S, Kamble YL, Kang H, Shi J, Wade MA, Patel BB, Pan T, Rogers SA, Sing CE, Guironnet D, Diao Y. Direct-ink-write cross-linkable bottlebrush block copolymers for on-the-fly control of structural color. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313617121. [PMID: 38377215 PMCID: PMC10907314 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313617121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing capable of controlling and dynamically modulating structures down to the nanoscopic scale remains challenging. By marrying additive manufacturing with self-assembly, we develop a UV (ultra-violet)-assisted direct ink write approach for on-the-fly modulation of structural color by programming the assembly kinetics through photo-cross-linking. We design a photo-cross-linkable bottlebrush block copolymer solution as a printing ink that exhibits vibrant structural color (i.e., photonic properties) due to the nanoscopic lamellar structures formed post extrusion. By dynamically modulating UV-light irradiance during printing, we can program the color of the printed material to access a broad spectrum of visible light with a single ink while also creating color gradients not previously possible. We unveil the mechanism of this approach using a combination of coarse-grained simulations, rheological measurements, and structural characterizations. Central to the assembly mechanism is the matching of the cross-linking timescale with the assembly timescale, which leads to kinetic trapping of the assembly process that evolves structural color from blue to red driven by solvent evaporation. This strategy of integrating cross-linking chemistry and out-of-equilibrium processing opens an avenue for spatiotemporal control of self-assembled nanostructures during additive manufacturing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghyun Jeon
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Yash Laxman Kamble
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Haisu Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Jiachun Shi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Matthew A. Wade
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Bijal B. Patel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Tianyuan Pan
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Simon A. Rogers
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Charles E. Sing
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Damien Guironnet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| | - Ying Diao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Barman R, Mukherjee A, Nag A, Rajdev P, Ghosh S. Hierarchical assembly of foldable polymers and applications in organic optoelectronics and antibacterial or antiviral materials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13951-13961. [PMID: 37937399 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04855a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation of amphiphilic polymers in block-selective solvents produces different nanostructures, which have been studied extensively for wide-ranging applications. Nevertheless, such immiscibility-driven aggregation does not endow them with the desired structural precision, predictability or surface functional group exposure, which significantly impact their functional applications. More recently, biomimetic folded structures of synthetic macromolecules (mostly oligomers) have come to the fore, but such studies have been limited to probe the secondary structures. In this article, we have collated hierarchical structures of foldamers, especially highlighting our recent contribution to the field of chain-folding regulated assembly of segmented polyurethanes (PUs) and their functional applications. A series of such PUs have been discussed, which contain a segmented hydrocarbon backbone and alternately placed pendant solvophilic groups. In either water or highly non-polar solvents (TCE, MCH), depending on the nature of the pendant group, they exhibit folded structures stabilized by intra-chain H-bonding. Hierarchical assembly of such folded chains by inter-chain H-bonding and/or π-stacking leads to the formation of well-defined nanostructures with functional applications ranging from organic optoelectronics to biomaterials. For example, a segmented PU with appended naphthalene-diimide (NDI) chromophores showed a pleated structure in MCH, which helped in organization of the NDI chromophores within π-stacking distance. Such folded polymer chains eventually produced nanotubular structures with excellent electron mobility. They also showed efficient intercalation of the pyrene (Py) donor by NDI-Py charge-transfer interaction and in this case the mixed nanotubular structure exhibited prominent room-temperature ferroelectricity. On the other hand, having cationic functionalities as the pendant groups such chain-folding regulated assembly produced unilamellar polymersomes with excellent antibacterial activity with very low minimum inhibitory concentrations (<10 μg mL-1). Replacing the pendant amine functionality with sulphate groups made these polyurethanes highly potent antiviral materials. In the absence of the alternating connectivity of the solvophobic and solvophilic segments or rigid hydrocarbon backbone, such folding propensity is destroyed, leading to structural collapse. While significant efforts have been made in correlating primary structures of wide-ranging polymers with their functional applications, this article demonstrates the direct correlation between the secondary structures of polymers and their functional properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Barman
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Anurag Mukherjee
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Atish Nag
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Priya Rajdev
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Courtney OR, Clouthier SM, Perrier S, Tanaka J, You W. Polymer Functionalization by RAFT Interchange. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1306-1310. [PMID: 37708390 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report a simple approach for end group functionalization of linear polymers and graft copolymers via an interchange process of reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization chain transfer agents (CTAs). The high functional group tolerance of the RAFT process allows a library of functionalities to be introduced. Moreover, this approach allows multiple functional groups to be installed simultaneously. Furthermore, as an alternative to end group analysis, we report the utility of the supernatant of the reaction mixture to determine the degree of functionalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Owen Reid Courtney
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Samantha Marie Clouthier
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Joji Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Wei You
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Frasca F, Duhamel J. Characterization of Polyisobutylene Succinic Anhydride (PIBSA) and Its PIBSI Products from the Reaction of PIBSA with Hexamethylene Diamine. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102350. [PMID: 37242925 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The nature of the end-groups of a PIBSA sample, namely a polyisobutylene (PIB) sample, where each chain is supposedly terminated at one end with a single succinic anhydride group, was characterized through a combination of pyrene excimer fluorescence (PEF), gel permeation chromatography, and simulations. The PIBSA sample was reacted with different molar ratios of hexamethylene diamine to generate PIBSI molecules with succinimide (SI) groups in the corresponding reaction mixtures. The molecular weight distribution (MWD) of the different reaction mixtures was determined by fitting the gel permeation chromatography traces with sums of Gaussians. Comparison of the experimental MWD of the reaction mixtures with those simulated by assuming that the reaction between succinic anhydride and amine occurs through stochastic encounters led to the conclusion that 36 wt% of the PIBSA sample constituted unmaleated PIB chains. Based on this analysis, the PIBSA sample was found to be constituted of 0.50, 0.38, and 0.12 molar fractions of PIB chains that were singly maleated, unmaleated, and doubly maleated, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Frasca
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jean Duhamel
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun Z, Qi M. End-modification of poly(ether-carbonate) copolymer by adamantane cages: An effective approach for improving the selectivity of gas chromatographic stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1695:463940. [PMID: 36990034 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the investigation of a new poly(propylene-carbonate) copolymer terminated by the adamantane cages (APPC) as the stationary phase for gas chromatographic (GC) analyses. In GC, the selectivity of a stationary phase is the key factor that governs the column separation performance for analytes, particularly those of high similarity in structures and properties. As such, we employed more than a dozen of isomer mixtures of separation difficulty for investigating the separation performance of the APPC column, involving the isomers of alkanes, alkylbenzenes, halobenzenes phenols and anilines. Meanwhile, the column coated with poly(propylene carbonate) diol (PPCD) differing from APPC only in their terminal groups and two commercial columns coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polysiloxane, respectively, were used as the reference columns. The separation results evidenced the distinctly advantageous performance of the APPC column over the reference columns. Moreover, the APPC column showed excellent repeatability and reproducibility with the relative standard deviation (RSD) values over the range of 0.01%-0.04% for run-to-run, 0.15%-0.28% for day-to-day and 3.4%-3.9% for column-to-column (n = 4). Its application to GC-MS analysis of the verbena essential oil demonstrated its separation advantages for a wide range of components in practical samples. Up to date, the adamantyl-terminated poly(ether-carbonate) copolymers have not been reported in any fields. Its high-resolution performance demonstrates the feasibility of adamantyl-terminated block copolymers as highly selective stationary phases for GC analyses, which offers a vast room for fundamental researches and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Meiling Qi
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Trigilio AD, Marien YW, Van Steenberge PH, D’hooge DR. Toward an Automated Convergence Tool for Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of Conversion, Distributions, and Their Averages in Non-dispersed Phase Linear Chain-Growth Polymerization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro D. Trigilio
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, GentB-9052, Belgium
| | - Yoshi W. Marien
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, GentB-9052, Belgium
| | - Paul H.M. Van Steenberge
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, GentB-9052, Belgium
| | - Dagmar R. D’hooge
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, GentB-9052, Belgium
- Centre for Textile Science and Engineering (CTSE), Ghent University, Technologiepark 70a, B-9052Gent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Schild DJ, Bem J, Szczepaniak G, Jazani AM, Matyjaszewski K. Blue‐light‐induced atom transfer radical polymerization enabled by iron/copper dual catalysis. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk J. Schild
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Juliana Bem
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | | | - Arman Moini Jazani
- Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bendrea AD, Cianga L, Ailiesei GL, Göen Colak D, Popescu I, Cianga I. Thiophene α-Chain-End-Functionalized Oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) as Precursor Amphiphilic Macromonomer for Grafted Conjugated Oligomers/Polymers and as a Multifunctional Material with Relevant Properties for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147495. [PMID: 35886844 PMCID: PMC9317439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Because the combination of π-conjugated polymers with biocompatible synthetic counterparts leads to the development of bio-relevant functional materials, this paper reports a new oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (OMeOx)-containing thiophene macromonomer, denoted Th-OMeOx. It can be used as a reactive precursor for synthesis of a polymerizable 2,2’-3-OMeOx-substituted bithiophene by Suzuki coupling. Also a grafted polythiophene amphiphile with OMeOx side chains was synthesized by its self-acid-assisted polymerization (SAAP) in bulk. The results showed that Th-OMeOx is not only a reactive intermediate but also a versatile functional material in itself. This is due to the presence of 2-bromo-substituted thiophene and ω-hydroxyl functional end-groups, and due to the multiple functionalities encoded in its structure (photosensitivity, water self-dispersibility, self-assembling capacity). Thus, analysis of its behavior in solvents of different selectivities revealed that Th-OMeOx forms self-assembled structures (micelles or vesicles) by “direct dissolution”.Unexpectedly, by exciting the Th-OMeOx micelles formed in water with λabs of the OMeOx repeating units, the intensity of fluorescence emission varied in a concentration-dependent manner.These self-assembled structures showed excitation-dependent luminescence as well. Attributed to the clusteroluminescence phenomenon due to the aggregation and through space interactions of electron-rich groups in non-conjugated, non-aromatic OMeOx, this behavior certifies that polypeptides mimic the character of Th-OMeOx as a non-conventional intrinsic luminescent material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Dana Bendrea
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Luminita Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.)
| | - Gabriela-Liliana Ailiesei
- NMR Spectroscopy Department, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Demet Göen Colak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Irina Popescu
- Department of Natural Polymers, Bioactive and Biocompatible Materials, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ioan Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Strasser P, Plavcan O, Ajvazi E, Henke H, Brüggemann O, Teasdale I. Hetero and homo α,ω-chain-end functionalized polyphosphazenes. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022; 60:2000-2007. [PMID: 35915665 PMCID: PMC9325445 DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The control of chain-ends is fundamental in modern macromolecular chemistry for directed one-to-one bioconjugation and the synthesis of advanced architectures such as block copolymers or bottlebrush polymers and the preparation of advanced soft materials. Polyphosphazenes are of growing importance as elastomers, biodegradable materials and in biomedical drug delivery due to their synthetic versatility. While controlled polymerization methods have been known for some time, controlling both chain-ends with high fidelity has proven difficult. We demonstrate a robust synthetic route to hetero and homo α,ω-chain-end functionalized polyphosphazenes via end-capping with easily accessible, functionalized triphenylphosphine-based phosphoranimines. A versatile thiol-ene "click"-reaction approach then allows for subsequent conversion of the end-capped polymers with various functional groups. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of this system to prepare gels based on homo α,ω-chain-end functionalized polyphosphazenes. This development will enhance their progress in various applications, particularly in soft materials and as degradable polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Strasser
- Institute of Polymer ChemistryJohannes Kepler University LinzLinzAustria
| | - Oliver Plavcan
- Institute of Polymer ChemistryJohannes Kepler University LinzLinzAustria
| | - Edip Ajvazi
- Institute of Polymer ChemistryJohannes Kepler University LinzLinzAustria
| | - Helena Henke
- Institute of Polymer ChemistryJohannes Kepler University LinzLinzAustria
- Centre for Additive ManufacturingUniversity of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Wollaton RoadNottingham, NG8 1BBUK
| | - Oliver Brüggemann
- Institute of Polymer ChemistryJohannes Kepler University LinzLinzAustria
| | - Ian Teasdale
- Institute of Polymer ChemistryJohannes Kepler University LinzLinzAustria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zheng B, Yue Y, Ni J, Sun R, Min J, Wang J, Jiang L, Huo L. An end-capped strategy for crystalline polymer donor to improve the photovoltaic performance of non-fullerene solar cells. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1205-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
12
|
Zhou D, Zhu LW, Wu BH, Xu ZK, Wan LS. End-functionalized polymers by controlled/living radical polymerizations: synthesis and applications. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01252e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on end-functionalized polymers synthesized by controlled/living radical polymerizations and the applications in fields including bioconjugate formation, surface modification, topology construction, and self-assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Liang-Wei Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bai-Heng Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ling-Shu Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bingham NM, Abousalman-Rezvani Z, Collins K, Roth PJ. Thiocarbonyl Chemistry in Polymer Science. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00050d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Organised by reaction type, this review highlights the unique reactivity of thiocarbonyl (C=S) groups with radicals, anions, nucleophiles, electrophiles, in pericyclic reactions, and in the presence of light. In the...
Collapse
|
14
|
Sasaki Y, Konishi N, Kohri M, Taniguchi T, Kishikawa K, Karatsu T. Synthesis of luminescent core–shell polymer particles carrying amino groups for covalent immobilization of enzymes. Colloid Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-021-04913-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
15
|
A comparison of RAFT and ATRP methods for controlled radical polymerization. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:859-869. [PMID: 37117386 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) are the two most common controlled radical polymerization methods. Both methods afford functional polymers with a predefined length, composition, dispersity and end group. Further, RAFT and ATRP tame radicals by reversibly converting active polymeric radicals into dormant chains. However, the mechanisms by which the ATRP and RAFT methods control chain growth are distinct, so each method presents unique opportunities and challenges, depending on the desired application. This Perspective compares RAFT and ATRP by identifying their mechanistic strengths and weaknesses, and their latest synthetic applications.
Collapse
|
16
|
Kim D, Do J, Kim K, Kim Y, Lee H, Seo B, Lee W, Jeon HB, Cho HY, Paik HJ. Branch-Controlled ATRP Via Sulfoxide Chemistry. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongwoo Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Juhyuk Do
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Kyungho Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Yeonji Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Hana Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Bongkuk Seo
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Ulsan 44412, Korea
| | - Wonjoo Lee
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Ulsan 44412, Korea
| | - Heung Bae Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Hong Y. Cho
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hyun-jong Paik
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bendrea AD, Cianga L, Ailiesei GL, Ursu EL, Göen Colak D, Cianga I. 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) End-Group Functionalized Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL): Self-Assembly in Organic Solvents and Its Coincidentally Observed Peculiar Behavior in Thin Film and Protonated Media. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2720. [PMID: 34451259 PMCID: PMC8400159 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
End-group functionalization of homopolymers is a valuable way to produce high-fidelity nanostructured and functional soft materials when the structures obtained have the capacity for self-assembly (SA) encoded in their structural details. Herein, an end-functionalized PCL with a π-conjugated EDOT moiety, (EDOT-PCL), designed exclusively from hydrophobic domains, as a functional "hydrophobic amphiphile", was synthesized in the bulk ROP of ε-caprolactone. The experimental results obtained by spectroscopic methods, including NMR, UV-vis, and fluorescence, using DLS and by AFM, confirm that in solvents with extremely different polarities (chloroform and acetonitrile), EDOT-PCL presents an interaction- and structure-based bias, which is strong and selective enough to exert control over supramolecular packing, both in dispersions and in the film state. This leads to the diversity of SA structures, including spheroidal, straight, and helical rods, as well as orthorhombic single crystals, with solvent-dependent shapes and sizes, confirming that EDOT-PCL behaves as a "block-molecule". According to the results from AFM imaging, an unexpected transformation of micelle-type nanostructures into single 2D lamellar crystals, through breakout crystallization, took place by simple acetonitrile evaporation during the formation of the film on the mica support at room temperature. Moreover, EDOT-PCL's propensity for spontaneous oxidant-free oligomerization in acidic media was proposed as a presumptive answer for the unexpected appearance of blue color during its dissolution in CDCl3 at a high concentration. FT-IR, UV-vis, and fluorescence techniques were used to support this claim. Besides being intriguing and unforeseen, the experimental findings concerning EDOT-PCL have raised new and interesting questions that deserve to be addressed in future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Dana Bendrea
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (A.-D.B.); (E.-L.U.)
| | - Luminita Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (A.-D.B.); (E.-L.U.)
| | - Gabriela-Liliana Ailiesei
- NMR Spectroscopy Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Elena-Laura Ursu
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (A.-D.B.); (E.-L.U.)
| | - Demet Göen Colak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey;
| | - Ioan Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (A.-D.B.); (E.-L.U.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rodrigues LL, Micallef AS, Pfrunder MC, Truong VX, McMurtrie JC, Dargaville TR, Goldmann AS, Feist F, Barner-Kowollik C. A Self-Catalyzed Visible Light Driven Thiol Ligation. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7292-7297. [PMID: 33955743 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a highly efficient ligation system based on a visible light-induced rearrangement affording a thiophenol which rapidly undergoes thiol-Michael additions. Unlike conventional light-triggered thiol-ene/yne systems, which rely on the use of photocaged bases/nucleophiles, (organo)-photo catalysts, or radical photoinitiators, our system provides a light-induced reaction in the absence of any additives. The ligation is self-catalyzed via the pyridine mediated deprotonation of the photochemically generated thiophenol. Subsequently, the thiol-Michael reaction between the thiophenol anion and electron deficient alkynes/alkenes proceeds additive-free. Hereby, the underlying photoinduced rearrangement of o-thiopyrinidylbenzaldehyde (oTPyB) generating the free thiol is described for the first time. We studied the influence of various reactions conditions as well as solvents and substrates. We exemplify our findings in a polymer end group modification and obtained macromolecules with excellent end group fidelity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leona L Rodrigues
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Aaron S Micallef
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Michael C Pfrunder
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Vinh X Truong
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - John C McMurtrie
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Tim R Dargaville
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Anja S Goldmann
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Florian Feist
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Click chemistry strategies for the accelerated synthesis of functional macromolecules. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
20
|
Gegenhuber T, Müllner M. Molecular Polymer Brushes Made via Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization from Cleavable RAFT Macromonomers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gegenhuber
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids School of Chemistry The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Markus Müllner
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids School of Chemistry The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano) Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Barbee MH, Wright ZM, Allen BP, Taylor HF, Patteson EF, Knight AS. Protein-Mimetic Self-Assembly with Synthetic Macromolecules. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith H. Barbee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Zoe M. Wright
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Benjamin P. Allen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Hailey F. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Emily F. Patteson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Abigail S. Knight
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dawood KM, Nomura K. Recent Developments in Z‐Selective Olefin Metathesis Reactions by Molybdenum, Tungsten, Ruthenium, and Vanadium Catalysts. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal M. Dawood
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt Tel. & Fax
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Elling BR, Su JK, Xia Y. Polymerization of Cyclopropenes: Taming the Strain for the Synthesis of Controlled and Sequence-Regulated Polymers. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:356-365. [PMID: 33371668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopropenes (CPEs) are highly strained cyclic olefins, yet there are surprisingly limited examples leveraging their high strain energy for polymerization. In the past, attempts had been made to polymerize CPEs via cationic and insertion polymerization, but side reactions often gave uncontrolled polymers with mixed backbone structures. Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) represents an ideal strategy for polymerizing CPEs to access new types of polymers. The proximity of substituents to the olefin in the small framework of CPEs offers a modular handle to tune the kinetic barrier to propagation by the modulation of the substituents. While the first few studies focused on the homopolymerization of simple alkyl or phenyl disubstituted CPEs, we recently explored the metathesis of a wide range of CPEs with different substituents using Grubbs catalysts and discovered surprising and diverse reactivities that are contingent on the positions, sterics, and electronics of substituents. The observed reactivities ranged from living homopolymerization to catalyst deactivation to single addition to the catalyst without homopropagation. In particular, the exclusively single addition reactivity found in two families of CPEs, with either bis(methanol ester) or phenyl and methanol ester substituents at the allylic position, is unusual for any monomer and perhaps counterintuitive for highly strained cycles. These single-addition CPEs could, however, be copolymerized with low-strain cyclic olefins to generate perfectly alternating copolymers with controlled molecular weights and low dispersity and to introduce degradable backbone linkages. A single equivalent (relative to the active chain end) of such CPEs could also be added to the active chain end of living ROMP polymers to install functional terminal groups or during living ROMP to place single units of functional moieties or side chains at any desired chain locations in narrow-disperse homopolymers and block copolymers. This account summarizes the polymerization of CPEs with a focus on our journey to uncover the rich and unique metathesis reactivities of CPEs and their utility in synthesizing well-controlled and sequence-regulated polymers. It provides the first collective structure-metathesis reactivity relationships for CPEs in the context of polymer chemistry and an understanding of the interactions between the catalyst and the substituents of appended ring-opened CPEs. It may become clear from this Account that the exploration of strained cycles in polymer chemistry can be quite fruitful in discovering new chemistry and accessing new types of polymer materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R. Elling
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jessica K. Su
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lewis RW, Malic N, Saito K, Cameron NR, Evans RA. Linear Coordination Polymer Synthesis from Bis-Catechol Functionalized RAFT Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000366. [PMID: 32757259 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Catechol-Fe(III) complexes contain some of the strongest known metal-chelate coordination bonds. Despite this, they have until now not been utilized in (polymeric linker) linear coordination polymer (LCP) synthesis. With the view of generating catechol end-functional polymers, a new, symmetrical bis-catechol functionalized trithiocarbonate reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent is synthesized (CatDMAT). Acrylamide (AM) and dimethylacrylamide (DMA) polymerizations are conducted with CatDMAT using direct photoactivation RAFT polymerization to yield bis-catechol end-functionalized homo- and block-copolymers of molecular weight 10-15 kDa. Catechol-Fe(III) LCPs are successfully formed from the telechelic catechol polymers by bis-complexation to Fe(III). The tetrahedral bis-complex is detected by UV-vis spectroscopy (λmax = 570 nm), while increases in relative viscosity and Mn,GPC over their respective uncomplexed polymers confirm the occurrence of supramolecular polymerization. The catechol-LCPs are shown to undergo oxidation and crosslinking in aqueous solution after 24 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reece W Lewis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.,CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Clayton, 3168, Australia
| | - Nino Malic
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Clayton, 3168, Australia
| | - Kei Saito
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Australia
| | - Neil R Cameron
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.,School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Self-assembled nanostructures from amphiphilic block copolymers prepared via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
26
|
|
27
|
Izawa I, Nomura K. (Arylimido)niobium(V)–Alkylidenes, Nb(CHSiMe 3)(NAr)[OC(CF 3) 3](PMe 3) 2, That Enable to Proceed Living Metathesis Polymerization of Internal Alkynes. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Itsuki Izawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bou Zerdan R, Geng Z, Narupai B, Diaz YJ, Bates MW, Laitar DS, Souvagya B, Van Dyk AK, Hawker CJ. Efficient synthesis of branched poly(acrylic acid) derivatives via postpolymerization modification. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raghida Bou Zerdan
- Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA
| | - Zhishuai Geng
- Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA
| | - Benjaporn Narupai
- Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA
| | - Yvonne J. Diaz
- Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA
| | - Morgan W. Bates
- Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA
| | | | | | - Antony K. Van Dyk
- Dow Coating Materials, The Dow Chemical Company Collegeville Pennsylvania USA
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA
- Materials DepartmentUniversity of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Choi HN, Yang HS, Chae JH, Choi TL, Lee IH. Synthesis of Conjugated Rod–Coil Block Copolymers by RuPhos Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation: Initiation from Coil-Type Polymers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bailey SJ, Discekici EH, Barbon SM, Nguyen SN, Hawker CJ, de Alaniz JR. Norbornadiene Chain-End Functional Polymers as Stable, Readily Available Precursors to Cyclopentadiene Derivatives. Macromolecules 2020; 53:4917-4924. [PMID: 33177746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for facile postpolymerization functionalization of synthetic polymers using terminal norbornadiene (NBD) building blocks is presented. Incorporation of the NBD functionality streamlines the synthesis of a wide array of block polymers utilizing multistep click chemistry strategies. Previously, the use of NBD-functionalized initiators produced polymers that underwent a cascade of Diels-Alder (DA) reactions to unveil a reactive cyclopentadiene (Cp) chain end. When coupled with a maleimide-bearing counterpart, a highly efficient DA cycloaddition with the terminal Cp can occur. To extend this concept to a range of polyacrylates and commercially available poly(ethylene glycol) systems, we developed a novel NBD acid building block for postpolymerization functionalization. Employing this process, we have demonstrated straightforward access to a library of block polymers that leverage this NBD click platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia J Bailey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Emre H Discekici
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Stephanie M Barbon
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Shay N Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Craig J Hawker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, and Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zartner L, Muthwill MS, Dinu IA, Schoenenberger CA, Palivan CG. The rise of bio-inspired polymer compartments responding to pathology-related signals. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:6252-6270. [PMID: 32452509 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00475h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Self-organized nano- and microscale polymer compartments such as polymersomes, giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), polyion complex vesicles (PICsomes) and layer-by-layer (LbL) capsules have increasing potential in many sensing applications. Besides modifying the physicochemical properties of the corresponding polymer building blocks, the versatility of these compartments can be markedly expanded by biomolecules that endow the nanomaterials with specific molecular and cellular functions. In this review, we focus on polymer-based compartments that preserve their structure, and highlight the key role they play in the field of medical diagnostics: first, the self-assembling abilities that result in preferred architectures are presented for a broad range of polymers. In the following, we describe different strategies for sensing disease-related signals (pH-change, reductive conditions, and presence of ions or biomolecules) by polymer compartments that exhibit stimuli-responsiveness. In particular, we distinguish between the stimulus-sensitivity contributed by the polymer itself or by additional compounds embedded in the compartments in different sensing systems. We then address necessary properties of sensing polymeric compartments, such as the enhancement of their stability and biocompatibility, or the targeting ability, that open up new perspectives for diagnostic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Zartner
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, Mattenstr. 24a, BPR1096, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liénard R, De Winter J, Coulembier O. Cyclic polymers: Advances in their synthesis, properties, and biomedical applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Liénard
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM) Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons Mons Belgium
- Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (S2MOs) Interdisciplinary Center for Mass Spectrometry (CISMa), University of Mons Mons Belgium
| | - Julien De Winter
- Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (S2MOs) Interdisciplinary Center for Mass Spectrometry (CISMa), University of Mons Mons Belgium
| | - Olivier Coulembier
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM) Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons Mons Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang Y, Clay A, Nguyen M. ATRP by continuous feeding of activators: Limiting the end-group loss in the polymerizations of methyl methacrylate and styrene. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.122097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
34
|
Feist JD, Xia Y. Enol Ethers Are Effective Monomers for Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization: Synthesis of Degradable and Depolymerizable Poly(2,3-dihydrofuran). J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1186-1189. [PMID: 31880922 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Enol ethers are widely used as quenching reagents for Grubbs catalysts. However, we report the surprisingly effective ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of cyclic enol ethers, because the resulting electron-rich ruthenium alkylidene complex remains active toward metathesis of electron-rich olefins, despite its deactivation toward hydrocarbon olefins. We demonstrate the first example of ROMP of cyclic enol ethers, using 2,3-dihydrofuran as the monomer, producing a new type of degradable and depolymerizable poly(enol ether). The polymers exhibited perfect regioregularity, and their molecular weights can be regulated by the loading of Grubbs initiators or by the use of a linear vinyl ether as the chain transfer agent. We also developed protocols to deactivate the catalyst following metathesis of enol ethers and cleave the catalyst off the resulting polymers using H2O2 oxidation. The resulting poly(dihydrofuran) can be recycled to monomer via depolymerization with Grubbs catalyst or degraded to small molecules by hydrolysis under acidic conditions. This work opens exciting opportunities for a new class of ROMP monomers that lead to degradable polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John D Feist
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang T, Gutekunst WR. Pulsed-addition ring-opening metathesis polymerization with functional enyne reagents. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00965e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Functional enyne reagents enable the synthesis of low dispersity heterotelechelic polymers using catalytic quantities of ruthenium initiator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Will R. Gutekunst
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pavlović D, Cohen S. Controlled synthesis of unsubstituted high molecular weight poly( para-phenylene) via Suzuki polycondensation-thermal aromatization methodology. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00001a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Palladium-catalysed Suzuki polycondensation in conjunction with thermal aromatization of cis- and trans-prepolymer precursors (1a and 1b) has been applied in polyphenylene chemistry, giving access to well-defined high-molecular weight PPP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dražen Pavlović
- Bar Ilan University
- Department of Chemistry
- Ramat-Gan 52900
- Israel
| | - Shmuel Cohen
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Jerusalem 91904
- Israel
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gibson RR, Cornel EJ, Musa OM, Fernyhough A, Armes SP. RAFT dispersion polymerisation of lauryl methacrylate in ethanol–water binary mixtures: synthesis of diblock copolymer vesicles with deformable membranes. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01768b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diblock copolymer vesicles with deformable membranes are prepared via RAFT dispersion polymerisation of lauryl methacrylate in an 80 : 20 w/w ethanol–water mixture; visible light irradiation allows facile RAFT chain-end removal from these nano-objects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. R. Gibson
- Dainton Building
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - E. J. Cornel
- Dainton Building
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | | | | | - S. P. Armes
- Dainton Building
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sakakibara K, Wakiuchi A, Murata Y, Tsujii Y. Precise synthesis of double-armed polymers with fullerene C 60 at the junction for controlled architecture. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00458h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the first successful synthesis of the polymer-attached 1,2-hydrofullerene and the double-armed 1,4-bisadducts in a regioselective manner via controlled radical reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keita Sakakibara
- Institute for Chemical Research
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Araki Wakiuchi
- Institute for Chemical Research
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Tsujii
- Institute for Chemical Research
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 611-0011
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cao Z, Zhou F, Gu PY, Chen D, He J, Cappiello JR, Wu P, Xu Q, Lu J. Preparation of aryl polysulfonates via a highly efficient SuFEx click reaction, their controllable degradation and functionalized behavior. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00435a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Polysulfonates obtained from SuFEx click reaction can be degraded using DBU. The degradation process was further utilized to prepare functional polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlei Cao
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Feng Zhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Pei-Yang Gu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Dongyun Chen
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Jinghui He
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | | | - Peng Wu
- Department of Molecular Medicine
- The Scripps Research Institute
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Qingfeng Xu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Jianmei Lu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Morontsev AA, Gringolts ML, Filatova MP, Peregudov AS, Akmalov TR, Masoud SM, Osipov SN, Denisova YI, Kudryavtsev YV. Ruthenium–Carbene Complexes in the Synthesis of Polybutadiene and Its Cross-Metathesis with Polynorbornene. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238219010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
41
|
Sakakibara K, Nishiumi K, Shimoaka T, Hasegawa T, Tsujii Y. pMAIRS Analysis on Chain-End Functionalization of Densely Grafted, Concentrated Polymer Brushes. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keita Sakakibara
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kosuke Nishiumi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takafumi Shimoaka
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hasegawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Tsujii
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
St Amant AH, Discekici EH, Bailey SJ, Zayas MS, Song JA, Shankel SL, Nguyen SN, Bates MW, Anastasaki A, Hawker CJ, Read de Alaniz J. Norbornadienes: Robust and Scalable Building Blocks for Cascade "Click" Coupling of High Molecular Weight Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13619-13624. [PMID: 31389231 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the development of a scalable and synthetically robust building block based on norbornadiene (NBD) that can be broadly incorporated into a variety of macromolecular architectures using traditional living polymerization techniques. By taking advantage of a selective and rapid deprotection with tetrazine, highly reactive "masked" cyclopentadiene (Cp) functionalities can be introduced into synthetic polymers as chain-end groups in a quantitative and efficient manner. The orthogonality of this platform further enables a cascade "click" process where the "unmasked" Cp can rapidly react with dienophiles, such as maleimides, through a conventional Diels-Alder reaction. Coupling proceeds with quantitative conversions allowing high molecular weight star and dendritic block copolymers to be prepared in a single step under ambient conditions.
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang Y. ATRP of Methyl Acrylate by Continuous Feeding of Activators Giving Polymers with Predictable End-Group Fidelity. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1238. [PMID: 31357403 PMCID: PMC6724064 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl acrylate (MA) was carried out by continuous feeding of Cu(I) activators. Typically, the solvent, the monomer, the initiator, and the CuBr2/Me6TREN deactivator are placed in a Schlenk flask (Me6TREN: tris[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine), while the CuBr/Me6TREN activator is placed in a gas-tight syringe and added to the reaction mixture at a constant addition rate by using a syringe pump. As expected, the polymerization started when Cu(I) was added and stopped when the addition was completed, and polymers with a narrow molecular weight distribution were obtained. The polymerization rate could be easily adjusted by changing the activator feeding rate. More importantly, the loss of chain end-groups could be precisely predicted since each loss of Br from the chain end resulted in the irreversible oxidation of one Cu(I) to Cu(II). The Cu(I) added to the reaction system may undergo many oxidation/reduction cycles in ATRP equilibrium, but would finally be oxidized to Cu(II) irreversibly. Thus, the loss of chain end-groups simply equals the total amount of Cu(I) added. This technique provides a neat way to synthesize functional polymers with known end-group fidelity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
(Arylimido)vanadium(V)-Alkylidene Complexes as Catalysts for Ring-opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) of Cyclic Olefins: Ligand Design for Exhibiting the High Activity. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
45
|
Discekici EH, Lee I, Ren JM, Bates MW, McGrath AJ, Alaniz JR, Laitar DS, Van Dyk AK, Kalantar TH, Hawker CJ. Aqueous reverse iodine transfer polymerization of acrylic acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emre H. Discekici
- Materials Research Laboratory University of California Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - In‐Hwan Lee
- Materials Research Laboratory University of California Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemistry Ajou University Suwon 16499 Korea
| | - Jing M. Ren
- Materials Research Laboratory University of California Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Morgan W. Bates
- Materials Research Laboratory University of California Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Alaina J. McGrath
- Materials Research Laboratory University of California Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Javier Read Alaniz
- Materials Research Laboratory University of California Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara California 93106
| | | | - Antony K. Van Dyk
- Dow Coating Materials The Dow Chemical Company Collegeville Pennsylvania 19426
| | | | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory University of California Santa Barbara California 93106
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara California 93106
- Materials Department University of California Santa Barbara California 93106
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Baggerman J, Smulders MMJ, Zuilhof H. Romantic Surfaces: A Systematic Overview of Stable, Biospecific, and Antifouling Zwitterionic Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:1072-1084. [PMID: 30620199 PMCID: PMC6365910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This Feature Article focuses on recent advances in the bioconjugation of surface-bound zwitterionic polymers for biospecific antifouling surfaces. Various approaches for the functionalization of antifouling zwitterionic polymers are systematically investigated, such as chain-end and side-chain functionalization. Side-chain functionalization methods can be further classified as those that are achieved through homopolymerization of custom-synthesized zwitterionic monomers equipped with reactive groups, or those that are achieved via synthesis of random or block copolymers combining different monomers with antifouling functionality and others with reactive groups. Several of the pros and cons of these approaches are outlined and discussed. Finally, some perspective and future directions of research are presented toward long-term stable, generically repelling surfaces that strongly and specifically adhere to a single component in a complex mixture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Baggerman
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten M. J. Smulders
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Han Zuilhof
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300350, People’s Republic of China
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King
Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Chen C, Wang CG, Guan W, Goto A. A photo-selective chain-end modification of polyacrylate-iodide and its application in patterned polymer brush synthesis. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01431d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A photo-selective chain-end modification of polyacrylate-iodide (polymer-I) was developed. The method was used to generate chain-end patterned polymer brushes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Chen-Gang Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Wenxun Guan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China
| | - Atsushi Goto
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Fei Y, Liu C, Chen G, Hong C. A facile approach for preparing multicyclic polymers through combining ATRP and a photo-induced coupling reaction. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00472f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A facile approach for synthesizing bicyclic and tetracyclic polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Fei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P.R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P.R. China
| | - Guang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Hong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Beyer VP, Cattoz B, Strong A, Phillips DJ, Schwarz A, Remzi Becer C. Fast track access to multi-block copolymers via thiol-bromo click reaction of telechelic dibromo polymers. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00775j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Multi-block copolymers offer a plethora of exciting properties, easily tuned by modulating parameters such as monomer composition, block length, block number and dispersity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin P. Beyer
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| | - Beatrice Cattoz
- Infineum UK Ltd
- Milton Hill Business & Technology Centre
- Abingdon
- UK
| | - Anthony Strong
- Infineum UK Ltd
- Milton Hill Business & Technology Centre
- Abingdon
- UK
| | | | - Andrew Schwarz
- Infineum UK Ltd
- Milton Hill Business & Technology Centre
- Abingdon
- UK
| | - C. Remzi Becer
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Synthesis of Soluble Star-Shaped Polymers via In and Out Approach by Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) of Norbornene: Factors Affecting the Synthesis. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8120670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The methods for one-pot synthesis of ‘soluble’ star-shaped polymers by sequential living ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of norbornene (NBE) and cross-linking (CL) reagent using Mo(CHCMe2Ph)(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)(OtBu)2 have been explored. The method (called the “in and out” or core-first approach) basically consists of (i) the living ROMP of NBE (formation of arm), (ii) reaction with CL (formation of core), (iii) additional living ROMP of NBE (propagating arms from the core, formation of star), (iv) end-modification via Wittig-type cleavage of metal–carbon double bonds containing polymer chain with aldehyde. Two different approaches in the core formation step (reaction with CL mixed with/without NBE) for synthesis of the high molecular weight star-shaped ROMP polymers with more branching, unimodal molecular weight distributions have been explored in detail. The method (reacting CL with NBE in the core formation step) under highly diluted conditions afforded the high molecular weight polymers with unimodal molecular weight distributions.
Collapse
|