1
|
Parshina EK, Deriabin KV, Kolesnikov IE, Novikov AS, Kocheva AN, Golovenko EA, Islamova RM. Iridium(III)-Incorporating Self-Healing Polysiloxanes as Materials for Light-Emitting Oxygen Sensors. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400450. [PMID: 39072911 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Polymer-metal complexes (PMCs) based on poly(2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxamide-co-polydimethylsiloxanes) with cyclometalated di(2-phenylpyridinato-C2,N')iridium(III) fragments and cross-linked by Zn2+ (Zn[Ir]-BipyPDMSs) or Ir3+ (Ir[Ir]-BipyPDMSs) represent flexible, stretchable, phosphorescent, and self-healing molecular oxygen sensors. PMCs provide strong phosphorescence at λem = 595-605 nm. Zn[Ir]-BipyPDMS with PDMS chain length of Mn = 5000 has the highest quantum yield of 9.3% and is a molecular oxygen sensor at different O2 concentrations (0-100 vol%) compared to Ir[Ir]-BipyPDMSs. A Stern-Volmer constant is determined for Zn[Ir]-BipyPDMS as KSV = 0.014%-1, which is similar to the reported oxygen-sensitive iridium(III) complexes. All synthesized PMCs exhibit high elongation at break (up to 1100%) and self-healing efficiency (up to 99%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta K Parshina
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Konstantin V Deriabin
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Ilya E Kolesnikov
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Alexander S Novikov
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Anastasia N Kocheva
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Golovenko
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Regina M Islamova
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Marx F, Beccard M, Ianiro A, Dodero A, Neumann LN, Stoclet G, Weder C, Schrettl S. Structure and Properties of Metallosupramolecular Polymers with a Nitrogen-Based Bidentate Ligand. Macromolecules 2023; 56:7320-7331. [PMID: 37781212 PMCID: PMC10537925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The solid-state properties of supramolecular polymers that feature metal-ligand (ML) complexes are, in addition to the general nature of the monomer, significantly affected by the choice of ligand and metal salt. Indeed, the variation of these components can be used to alter the structural, thermal, mechanical, and viscoelastic properties over a wide ranges. Moreover, the dynamic nature of certain ML complexes can render the resulting metallosupramolecular polymers (MSPs) stimuli-responsive, enabling functions such as healing, reversible adhesion, and mechanotransduction. We here report MSPs based on the bidentate ligand 6-(1'-methylbenzimidazolyl) pyridine (MBP), which is easily accessible and forms threefold coordination complexes with various transition metal ions. Thus, a poly(ethylene-co-butylene) telechelic was end-functionalized with two MBP ligands and the resulting macromonomer was assembled with the triflate salts of either Zn2+, Fe2+, or Ni2+. All three MSPs microphase separate and adopt, depending on the metal ion and thermal history, lamellar or hexagonal morphologies with crystalline domains formed by the ML complexes. The melting transitions are well below 200 °C, and this permits facile (re)processing. Furthermore, defects can be readily and fully healed upon exposure to UV-light. While the three MSPs display similar moduli in the rubbery regime, their extensibility and tensile strength depend on the nature of the ML complex, which similarly affects the long-range order and dynamic behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Marx
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Malte Beccard
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Ianiro
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Dodero
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laura N. Neumann
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Grégory Stoclet
- Univ.
Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207—UMET—Unité
Matériaux et Transformations, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Schrettl
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- TUM
School of Life Sciences, Technical University
of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Park H, Kang T, Kim H, Kim JC, Bao Z, Kang J. Toughening self-healing elastomer crosslinked by metal-ligand coordination through mixed counter anion dynamics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5026. [PMID: 37596250 PMCID: PMC10439188 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40791-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanically tough and self-healable polymeric materials have found widespread applications in a sustainable future. However, coherent strategies for mechanically tough self-healing polymers are still lacking due to a trade-off relationship between mechanical robustness and viscoelasticity. Here, we disclose a toughening strategy for self-healing elastomers crosslinked by metal-ligand coordination. Emphasis was placed on the effects of counter anions on the dynamic mechanical behaviors of polymer networks. As the coordinating ability of the counter anion increases, the binding of the anion leads to slower dynamics, thus limiting the stretchability and increasing the stiffness. Additionally, multimodal anions that can have diverse coordination modes provide unexpected dynamicity. By simply mixing multimodal and non-coordinating anions, we found a significant synergistic effect on mechanical toughness ( > 3 fold) and self-healing efficiency, which provides new insights into the design of coordination-based tough self-healing polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunchang Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Taewon Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Chul Kim
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jiheong Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Deriabin KV, Filippova SS, Islamova RM. Self-Healing Silicone Materials: Looking Back and Moving Forward. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:286. [PMID: 37504174 PMCID: PMC10807480 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8030286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review is dedicated to self-healing silicone materials, which can partially or entirely restore their original characteristics after mechanical or electrical damage is caused to them, such as formed (micro)cracks, scratches, and cuts. The concept of self-healing materials originated from biomaterials (living tissues) capable of self-healing and regeneration of their functions (plants, human skin and bones, etc.). Silicones are ones of the most promising polymer matrixes to create self-healing materials. Self-healing silicones allow an increase of the service life and durability of materials and devices based on them. In this review, we provide a critical analysis of the current existing types of self-healing silicone materials and their functional properties, which can be used in biomedicine, optoelectronics, nanotechnology, additive manufacturing, soft robotics, skin-inspired electronics, protection of surfaces, etc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin V. Deriabin
- Institute of Chemistry, St Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia; (K.V.D.); (S.S.F.)
- South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
| | - Sofia S. Filippova
- Institute of Chemistry, St Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia; (K.V.D.); (S.S.F.)
| | - Regina M. Islamova
- Institute of Chemistry, St Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia; (K.V.D.); (S.S.F.)
- South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ahmadi M, Poater A, Seiffert S. Self-Sorting of Transient Polymer Networks by the Selective Formation of Heteroleptic Metal–Ligand Complexes. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Ahmadi
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Ma Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sebastian Seiffert
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu H, Li W, Wu H, Huang Y, Hou Y, Wu Q, Wu J. Effect of Counterions on the Physicomechanical Properties of Copper-Nitrogen-Coordinated Metallosupramolecular Elastomers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:57281-57289. [PMID: 36513055 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metallosupramolecular elastomers have attracted much attention due to their excellent mechanical properties, flexible tailoring of performance, and responsiveness to photo and thermal stimuli. The physicomechanical properties of metallosupramolecular elastomers are highly dependent on metal salts and ligand units; however, the role of counterions lacks practical exploration. To this end, we synthesized a simple acrylate copolymer model and introduced copper salts with different counterions to construct dynamic copper-nitrogen coordination cross-linked networks. This approach generated a series of elastomers with a tensile strength of over 10 MPa and a laser self-healing efficiency of over 90% within 2 min. In particular, we studied the effects of counterions on the thermodynamic, viscoelastic, mechanical, photothermal, and self-healing properties of the materials. Therefore, this work can provide instruction for the preparation and performance tailoring of metallosupramolecular elastomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Weihang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Haitao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yujia Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jinrong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Boronic ester-based vitrimeric methylvinyl silicone elastomer with “solid-liquid” feature and rate-dependent mechanical performance. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
|
8
|
Kim E, Kononevich Y, Anisimov A, Buzin M, Vasil'ev V, Korlyukov A, Ionov D, Khanin D, Shtykova E, Volkov V, Muzafarov A. Cross-linked polymer networks based on polysiloxane and nickel β-diketonate precursors. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.104896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
9
|
Deriabin KV, Ignatova NA, Kirichenko SO, Novikov AS, Islamova RM. Nickel(II)-pyridinedicarboxamide-co-polydimethylsiloxane complexes as elastic self-healing silicone materials with reversible coordination. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
10
|
Li CH, Zuo JL. Self-Healing Polymers Based on Coordination Bonds. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1903762. [PMID: 31599045 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Self-healing ability is an important survival feature in nature, with which living beings can spontaneously repair damage when wounded. Inspired by nature, people have designed and synthesized many self-healing materials by encapsulating healing agents or incorporating reversible covalent bonds or noncovalent interactions into a polymer matrix. Among the noncovalent interactions, the coordination bond is demonstrated to be effective for constructing highly efficient self-healing polymers. Moreover, with the presence of functional metal ions or ligands and dynamic metal-ligand bonds, self-healing polymers can show various functions such as dielectrics, luminescence, magnetism, catalysis, stimuli-responsiveness, and shape-memory behavior. Herein, the recent developments and achievements made in the field of self-healing polymers based on coordination bonds are presented. The advantages of coordination bonds in constructing self-healing polymers are highlighted, the various metal-ligand bonds being utilized in self-healing polymers are summarized, and examples of functional self-healing polymers originating from metal-ligand interactions are given. Finally, a perspective is included addressing the promises and challenges for the future development of self-healing polymers based on coordination bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Lin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ahmadi M, Seiffert S. Dynamic Model Metallo‐Supramolecular Dual‐Network Hydrogels with Independently Tunable Network Crosslinks. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20190076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Ahmadi
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color TechnologyAmirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
- Institute of Physical ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg‐Universität Mainz D‐55128 Duesbergweg 10‐14 Mainz Germany
| | - Sebastian Seiffert
- Institute of Physical ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg‐Universität Mainz D‐55128 Duesbergweg 10‐14 Mainz Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao W, Dong B, Liu H, Hu Y, Zhang X. Living coordination–insertion copolymerization of 1-hexene and ligated α-olefins using an α-diimine nickel catalyst and preparation of metal–ligand coordination crosslinked polymers. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00224k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal–ligand coordination crosslinked polymers were prepared by coordination–insertion copolymerization of 1-hexene and ligated α-olefins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance
- Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| | - Bo Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance
- Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| | - Heng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance
- Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| | - Yanming Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance
- Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| | - Xuequan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance
- Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pignanelli J, Qian Z, Gu X, Ahamed MJ, Rondeau-Gagné S. Modulating the thermomechanical properties and self-healing efficiency of siloxane-based soft polymers through metal–ligand coordination. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01119c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An efficient strategy to modulate the thermomechanical properties and self-healing of soft polymers has been developed by rationally selecting the metal used for supramolecular crosslinking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Pignanelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Advanced Materials Centre of Research (AMCORe)
- University of Windsor
- Windsor
- Canada
| | - Zhiyuan Qian
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- The University of Southern Mississippi
- Hattiesburg
- USA
| | - Xiaodan Gu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- The University of Southern Mississippi
- Hattiesburg
- USA
| | - Mohammed Jalal Ahamed
- Department of Mechanical
- Automotive and Materials Engineering
- University of Windsor
- Windsor
- Canada
| | - Simon Rondeau-Gagné
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Advanced Materials Centre of Research (AMCORe)
- University of Windsor
- Windsor
- Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Golkaram M, Loos K. A Critical Approach to Polymer Dynamics in Supramolecular Polymers. Macromolecules 2019; 52:9427-9444. [PMID: 31894159 PMCID: PMC6933822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, the concurrent (1) development of polymer synthesis and (2) introduction of new mathematical models for polymer dynamics have evolved the classical framework for polymer dynamics once established by Doi-Edwards/de Gennes. Although the analysis of supramolecular polymer dynamics based on linear rheology has improved a lot recently, there are a large number of insecurities behind the conclusions, which originate from the complexity of these novel systems. The interdependent effect of supramolecular entities (stickers) and chain dynamics can be overwhelming depending on the type and location of stickers as well as the architecture and chemistry of polymers. This Perspective illustrates these parameters and strives to determine what is still missing and has to be improved in the future works.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milad Golkaram
- Macromolecular Chemistry
and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular Chemistry
and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lamm ME, Song L, Wang Z, Lamm B, Fu L, Tang C. A facile approach to thermomechanically enhanced fatty acid-containing bioplastics using metal–ligand coordination. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01479a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic metal–ligand coordination creates physical crosslinking and thus improves chain entanglements for enhancing the thermomechanical properties of biobased polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan E. Lamm
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of South Carolina
- Columbia
- USA
| | - Lingzhi Song
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Zhongkai Wang
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Benjamin Lamm
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of South Carolina
- Columbia
- USA
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of South Carolina
- Columbia
- USA
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of South Carolina
- Columbia
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Campanella A, Döhler D, Binder WH. Self-Healing in Supramolecular Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1700739. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Campanella
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry; Physics and Mathematics)Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; von-Danckelmann-Platz 4 D-06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Diana Döhler
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry; Physics and Mathematics)Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; von-Danckelmann-Platz 4 D-06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry; Physics and Mathematics)Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; von-Danckelmann-Platz 4 D-06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| |
Collapse
|