1
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Babkin IA, Bammens S, Schiettecatte P, Van Avermaet H, Hens Z, Mooter GVD, Clasen C. Encapsulation of Cadmium-Free InP-based Quantum Dots in Cross-Linked Core-Shell Microparticles via Coaxial Electrospraying. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2401219. [PMID: 38764319 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are inorganic semiconductor nanocrystals capable of emitting light. The current major challenge lies in the use of heavy metals, which are known to be highly toxic to humans and pose significant environmental risks. Researchers have turned to indium (In) as a promising option for more environmentally benign QDs, specifically indium phosphide (InP). A significant obstacle remains in sustaining the long-term photostability of InP-based QDs when exposed to the environment. To tackle this, electrospraying is used in this work to protect indium phosphide/zinc selenide/zinc sulfide (InP/ZnSe/ZnS) QDs by embedding them within polymer core-shell microparticles of poly[(lauryl methacrylate)-co-(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate)]/poly(methyl methacrylate) (poly(LMA-co-EGDMA)/PMMA). During the flight of droplets, the liquid monomer core of LMA and EGDMA with QDs is encapsulated by the solid shell of PMMA formed due to solvent evaporation, resulting in a liquid-core/solid-shell particle structure. After that, the captured core of monomers is polymerized into a cross-linked polymer with the embedded QDs via a thermal initiation. They demonstrate how a successful core-shell particle formation is achieved to produce structures for initially liquid monomer systems via coaxial electrospraying that are used for cross-linked polymers, which are of major interest for the encapsulation of InP-based QDs for generally improved photostability over pristine QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iurii Alekseevich Babkin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soft Matter, Rheology and Technology (SMaRT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Simon Bammens
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soft Matter, Rheology and Technology (SMaRT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Pieter Schiettecatte
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures (PCN), University of Ghent, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Gent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Hannes Van Avermaet
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures (PCN), University of Ghent, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Gent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures (PCN), University of Ghent, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Gent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Guy Van den Mooter
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg ON2, Herestraat 49 b921, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Christian Clasen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soft Matter, Rheology and Technology (SMaRT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
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2
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Ferreira RAS, Correia SFH, Georgieva P, Fu L, Antunes M, André PS. A comprehensive dataset of photonic features on spectral converters for energy harvesting. Sci Data 2024; 11:50. [PMID: 38191564 PMCID: PMC10774306 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02827-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Building integrated photovoltaics is a promising strategy for solar technology, in which luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) stand out. Challenges include the development of materials for sunlight harvesting and conversion, which is an iterative optimization process with several steps: synthesis, processing, and structural and optical characterizations before considering the energy generation figures of merit that requires a prototype fabrication. Thus, simulation models provide a valuable, cost-effective, and time-efficient alternative to experimental implementations, enabling researchers to gain valuable insights for informed decisions. We conducted a literature review on LSCs over the past 47 years from the Web of ScienceTM Core Collection, including published research conducted by our research group, to gather the optical features and identify the material classes that contribute to the performance. The dataset can be further expanded systematically offering a valuable resource for decision-making tools for device design without extensive experimental measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute A S Ferreira
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Sandra F H Correia
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Petia Georgieva
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Departament of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lianshe Fu
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mário Antunes
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Departament of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo S André
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.
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3
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Zhang Y, Tian J, Shaikh H, MacKenzie HK, He Y, Zhao C, Lei S, Ren Y, Manners I. Tailored Energy Funneling in Photocatalytic π-Conjugated Polymer Nanofibers for High-Performance Hydrogen Production. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22539-22547. [PMID: 37788384 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The creation of artificial high-performance photosynthetic assemblies with a tailorable antenna system to deliver absorbed solar energy to a photosynthetic reaction center, thereby mimicking biological photosynthesis, remains a major challenge. We report the construction of recyclable, high-performance photosynthetic nanofibers with a crystalline π-conjugated polyfluorene core as an antenna system that funnels absorbed solar energy to spatially defined sensitized Co(II) porphyrin photocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction. Highly effective energy funneling was achieved by tuning the dimensions of the nanofibers to exploit the very long exciton diffusion lengths (>200 nm) associated with the highly crystalline polyfluorene core formed using the living crystallization-driven self-assembly seeded growth method. This enabled efficient solar light-driven hydrogen production from water with a turnover number of over 450 for 8 h of irradiation, an H2 production rate of ca. 65 mmol h-1 g-1, and an overall quantum yield of 0.4% in the wavelength region (<405 nm) beyond the absorption of the molecular photocatalyst. The strategy of using a tailored antenna system based on π-conjugated polymers and maximizing exciton transport to a reaction center reported in this work opens up future opportunities for potential applications in other fields such as solar overall water splitting, CO2 reduction, and photocatalytic small molecule synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jia Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huda Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Harvey K MacKenzie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Yunxiang He
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Chuanqi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Shixing Lei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Yangyang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
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4
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Bartolini M, Micheletti C, Picchi A, Coppola C, Sinicropi A, Di Donato M, Foggi P, Mordini A, Reginato G, Pucci A, Zani L, Calamante M. Orange/Red Benzo[1,2- b:4,5- b']dithiophene 1,1,5,5-Tetraoxide-Based Emitters for Luminescent Solar Concentrators: Effect of Structures on Fluorescence Properties and Device Performances. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2023; 6:4862-4880. [PMID: 37181248 PMCID: PMC10170478 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.3c00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are a class of optical devices able to harvest, downshift, and concentrate sunlight, thanks to the presence of emitting materials embedded in a polymer matrix. Use of LSCs in combination with silicon-based photovoltaic (PV) devices has been proposed as a viable strategy to enhance their ability to harvest diffuse light and facilitate their integration in the built environment. LSC performances can be improved by employing organic fluorophores with strong light absorption in the center of the solar spectrum and intense, red-shifted emission. In this work, we present the design, synthesis, characterization, and application in LSCs of a series of orange/red organic emitters featuring a benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene 1,1,5,5-tetraoxide central core as an acceptor (A) unit. The latter was connected to different donor (D) and acceptor (A') moieties by means of Pd-catalyzed direct arylation reactions, yielding compounds with either symmetric (D-A-D) or non-symmetric (D-A-A') structures. We found that upon light absorption, the compounds attained excited states with a strong intramolecular charge-transfer character, whose evolution was greatly influenced by the nature of the substituents. In general, symmetric structures showed better photophysical properties for the application in LSCs than their non-symmetric counterparts, and using a donor group of moderate strength such as triphenylamine was found preferable. The best LSC built with these compounds presented photonic (external quantum efficiency of 8.4 ± 0.1%) and PV (device efficiency of 0.94 ± 0.06%) performances close to the state-of-the-art, coupled with a sufficient stability in accelerated aging tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bartolini
- Institute
of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Cosimo Micheletti
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi
13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Picchi
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi
13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carmen Coppola
- Department
of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, RES Lab, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
- CSGI,
Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Adalgisa Sinicropi
- Institute
of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, RES Lab, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
- CSGI,
Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Mariangela Di Donato
- Institute
of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- LENS,
European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Paolo Foggi
- LENS,
European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- National
Institute of Optics (CNR-INO), Via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mordini
- Institute
of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry “U. Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gianna Reginato
- Institute
of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Andrea Pucci
- Institute
of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi
13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zani
- Institute
of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Massimo Calamante
- Institute
of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry “U. Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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5
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Babkin IA, Udepurkar AP, Van Avermaet H, de Oliveira-Silva R, Sakellariou D, Hens Z, Van den Mooter G, Kuhn S, Clasen C. Encapsulation of Cadmium-Free InP/ZnSe/ZnS Quantum Dots in Poly(LMA-co-EGDMA) Microparticles via Co-flow Droplet Microfluidics. SMALL METHODS 2023:e2201454. [PMID: 36995027 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor nanocrystals that are used in optoelectronic applications. Most modern QDs are based on toxic metals, for example Cd, and do not comply with the European Restriction of Hazardous Substances regulation of the European Union. Latest promising developments focus on safer QD alternatives based on elements from the III-V group. However, the InP-based QDs lack an overall photostability under environmental influences. One design path of achieving stability is through encapsulation in cross-linked polymer matrices with the possibility to covalently link the matrix to surface ligands of modified core-shell QDs. The work focuses on the formation of polymer microbeads suitable for InP-based QD encapsulation, allowing for an individual protection of QDs and an improved processibility via this particle-based approach. For this, a microfluidic based method in the co-flow regime is used that consists of an oil-in-water droplet system in a glass capillary environment. The generated monomer droplets are polymerized in-flow into poly(LMA-co-EGDMA) microparticles with embedded InP/ZnSe/ZnS QDs using a UV initiation. They demonstrate how a successful polymer microparticle formation via droplet microfluidics produces optimized matrix structures leading to a distinct photostability improvement of InP-based QDs compared to nonprotected QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iurii Alekseevich Babkin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soft Matter, Rheology and Technology (SMaRT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Aniket Pradip Udepurkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Hannes Van Avermaet
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures (PCN), University of Ghent, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Gent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Rodrigo de Oliveira-Silva
- Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis, and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Dimitrios Sakellariou
- Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis, and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures (PCN), University of Ghent, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Gent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Guy Van den Mooter
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg ON2, Herestraat 49 b921, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Simon Kuhn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Christian Clasen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soft Matter, Rheology and Technology (SMaRT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
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6
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Cao M, Zhao X, Gong X. Achieving High-Efficiency Large-Area Luminescent Solar Concentrators. JACS AU 2023; 3:25-35. [PMID: 36711087 PMCID: PMC9875231 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are semitransparent windows that are able to generate electricity from sunlight absorption. LSCs have shown huge promise for realizing building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). Unfortunately, to date, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of LSCs is still very low which dramatically hampers their practical applications. In this Perspective, We summarize and review the latest developments of LSCs by looking at different structures. Among others, we focus more on the next developments in the field of LSCs, i.e., the possibility of high PCE, large area, mass production, and durability needed for future industrial development. We hope to promote the application of uniform testing standards and to draw attention to industrial development, toxicity, and durability. Then, we will provide a critical assessment of the field of LSCs. Finally, the challenge and solution will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyan Cao
- State
Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiujian Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Gong
- State
Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
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7
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Villafiorita-Monteleone F, Pasini M, Botta C. Anti-Oxidation Agents to Prevent Dye Degradation in Organic-Based Host-Guest Systems Suitable for Luminescent Solar Concentrators. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:656. [PMID: 36676393 PMCID: PMC9862820 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) have been extensively studied as they offer a practical solution to increase the efficiency of silicon-based photovoltaics (PVs). In this context, the use of natural and organic luminescent materials is desirable in order to obtain sustainable and environmentally friendly devices. Moreover, solution-processable organic host-guest systems based on Foerster Resonant Energy Transfer (FRET) processes offer the possibility to exploit a low-cost technique to obtain an efficient energy downshift from the UV-visible to red or deep red emissions in order to concentrate the radiation in the area of maximum efficiency of the PV device. Nevertheless, organic materials are subjected to photodegradation that reduces their optical properties when exposed to UV light and oxygen. In this work, we incorporated two different antioxidant molecules (i.e., octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate (Octa) and L-ascorbic acid (L-Asc)) in a three-dye host-guest system and studied the corresponding optical properties after prolonged irradiation times in air. It was found that the presence of the antioxidants, especially L-Asc, slowed the system's photodegradation down whilst at the same time retaining high emission efficiencies and without interfering with the cascade Resonant Energy Transfer processes among the dyes inserted in the nanochannels of the host.
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8
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Li S, Zheng Z, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu X, Zhang X. High-efficiency liquid luminescent solar concentrator based on CsPbBr 3 quantum dots. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:45120-45129. [PMID: 36522921 DOI: 10.1364/oe.475876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The performance degradation is still a challenge for the development of conventional polymer luminescent solar concentrator (LSC). Liquid LSC (L-LSC) may be an alternative due to polymerization-free fabrication. Here, we have prepared a CsPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs)-based L-LSC by injecting the QDs solution into a self-assembly quartz glass mold. The as-fabricated L-LSC performance is evaluated by optical characterization and photo-electrical measurement. The external quantum efficiency of the L-LSC is up to 13.44%. After coupling the commercial solar cell, the optimal optical efficiency reaches 2.32%. These results demonstrate that L-LSC may provide a promising direction for advanced solar light harvesting technologies.
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9
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Lebastard C, Wilmet M, Cordier S, Comby-Zerbino C, MacAleese L, Dugourd P, Ohashi N, Uchikoshi T, Grasset F. High performance {Nb 5TaX 12}@PVP (X = Cl, Br) cluster-based nanocomposites coatings for solar glazing applications. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2022; 23:446-456. [PMID: 36081837 PMCID: PMC9448435 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2022.2105659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The development of highly ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) absorbent transparent coatings is an important enabling technology and area of research for environmental sustainability and energy conservation. Different amounts of K4[{Nb5TaXi 12}Xa 6] cluster compounds (X = Cl, Br) dispersed into polyvinylpyrrolidone matrices were prepared by a simple, nontoxic and low-cost wet chemical method. The resulting solutions were used to fabricate visibly transparent, highly UV and NIR absorbent coatings by drop casting. The properties of the solution and films were investigated by complementary techniques (optical absorption, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy). The UV and NIR absorption of such samples strongly depended on the concentration, dispersion and oxidation state of the [{Nb5TaXi 12}Xa 6] nanocluster-based units. By varying and controlling these parameters, a remarkable improvement of the figures of merit TL/TE and SNIR for solar-glazing applications was achieved compared to the previous results on nanocomposite coatings based on metal atom clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Lebastard
- Université Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226, F-35000Rennes, France
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Maxence Wilmet
- Université Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226, F-35000Rennes, France
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
- Saint Gobain Research Paris, Aubervilliers, France
| | | | - Clothilde Comby-Zerbino
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622Lyon, France
| | - Luke MacAleese
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Dugourd
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622Lyon, France
| | - Naoki Ohashi
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Uchikoshi
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Fabien Grasset
- Université Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226, F-35000Rennes, France
- CNRS-Saint Gobain-NIMS, IRL3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
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10
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Maimaris M, Pettipher AJ, Azzouzi M, Walke DJ, Zheng X, Gorodetsky A, Dong Y, Tuladhar PS, Crespo H, Nelson J, Tisch JWG, Bakulin AA. Sub-10-fs observation of bound exciton formation in organic optoelectronic devices. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4949. [PMID: 35999214 PMCID: PMC9399228 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32478-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamental mechanisms underlying exciton formation in organic semiconductors are complex and elusive as it occurs on ultrashort sub-100-fs timescales. Some fundamental aspects of this process, such as the evolution of exciton binding energy, have not been resolved in time experimentally. Here, we apply a combination of sub-10-fs Pump-Push-Photocurrent, Pump-Push-Photoluminescence, and Pump-Probe spectroscopies to polyfluorene devices to track the ultrafast formation of excitons. While Pump-Probe is sensitive to the total concentration of excited states, Pump-Push-Photocurrent and Pump-Push-Photoluminescence are sensitive to bound states only, providing access to exciton binding dynamics. We find that excitons created by near-absorption-edge photons are intrinsically bound states, or become such within 10 fs after excitation. Meanwhile, excitons with a modest >0.3 eV excess energy can dissociate spontaneously within 50 fs before acquiring bound character. These conclusions are supported by excited-state molecular dynamics simulations and a global kinetic model which quantitatively reproduce experimental data. Ultrafast action spectroscopies of organic optoelectronic devices reveal that the formation of bound exciton state occurs as fast as 10 fs. Excitons having excess energy can dissociate spontaneously within 50-fs before acquiring bound character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios Maimaris
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | | | - Mohammed Azzouzi
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Daniel J Walke
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.,Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin, 14109, Germany
| | - Xijia Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Andrei Gorodetsky
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK.,School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Yifan Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK.,National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Pabitra Shakya Tuladhar
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Helder Crespo
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.,IFIMUP and Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, R. do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jenny Nelson
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - John W G Tisch
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Artem A Bakulin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
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11
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Zhang B, Lyu G, Kelly EA, Evans RC. Förster Resonance Energy Transfer in Luminescent Solar Concentrators. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201160. [PMID: 35678107 PMCID: PMC9376834 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are an emerging technology to collect and channel light from a large absorption area into a smaller one. They are a complementary technology for traditional solar photovoltaics (PV), particularly suitable for application in urban or indoor environments where their custom colors and form factors, and performance under diffuse light conditions may be advantageous. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) has emerged as a valuable approach to overcome some of the intrinsic limitations of conventional single lumophore LSCs, such as reabsorption or reduced quantum efficiency. This review outlines the potential of FRET to boost LSC performance, using highlights from the literature to illustrate the key criteria that must be considered when designing an FRET-LSC, including both the photophysical requirements of the FRET lumophores and their interaction with the host material. Based on these criteria, a list of design guidelines intended to aid researchers when they approach the design of a new FRET-LSC system is presented. By highlighting the unanswered questions in this field, the authors aim to demonstrate the potential of FRET-LSCs for both conventional solar-harvesting and emerging LSC-inspired technologies and hope to encourage participation from a diverse researcher base to address this exciting challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolong Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and MetallurgyUniversity of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MaterialsChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350002China
| | - Guanpeng Lyu
- Department of Materials Science and MetallurgyUniversity of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
| | - Elaine A. Kelly
- Department of Materials Science and MetallurgyUniversity of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
| | - Rachel C. Evans
- Department of Materials Science and MetallurgyUniversity of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
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12
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Controlling the Deposition Process of Nanoarchitectonic Nanocomposites Based on {Nb 6-xTa xX i12} n+ Octahedral Cluster-Based Building Blocks (X i = Cl, Br; 0 ≤ x ≤ 6, n = 2, 3, 4) for UV-NIR Blockers Coating Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12122052. [PMID: 35745391 PMCID: PMC9227475 DOI: 10.3390/nano12122052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The antagonism between global energy needs and the obligation to slow global warming is a current challenge. In order to ensure sufficient thermal comfort, the automotive, housing and agricultural building sectors are major energy consumers. Solar control materials and more particularly, selective glazing are part of the solutions proposed to reduce global energy consumption and tackle global warming. In this context, these works are focused on developing new highly ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) absorbent nanocomposite coatings based on K4[{Nb6-xTaxXi12}Xa6]. (X = Cl, Br, 0 ≤ x ≤ 6) transition metal cluster compounds. These compounds contain cluster-based active species that are characterized by their strong absorption of UV and NIR radiations as well as their good transparency in the visible range, which makes them particularly attractive for window applications. Their integration, by solution processes, into a silica-polyethylene glycol or polyvinylpyrrolidone matrices is discussed. Of particular interest is the control and the tuning of their optical properties during the integration and shaping processes. The properties of the solutions and films were investigated by complementary techniques (UV-Vis-NIR spectrometry, ESI-MS, SEM, HRTEM, etc.). Results of these works have led to the development of versatile solar control coatings whose optical properties are competitive with commercialized material.
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13
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Mateen F, Lee N, Lee SY, Taj Ud Din S, Yang W, Shahzad A, Kaliamurthy AK, Lee JJ, Hong SK. Thin-Film Luminescent Solar Concentrator Based on Intramolecular Charge Transfer Fluorophore and Effect of Polymer Matrix on Device Efficiency. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13213770. [PMID: 34771327 PMCID: PMC8587438 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) provide a transformative approach to integrating photovoltaics into a built environment. In this paper, we report thin-film LSCs composed of intramolecular charge transfer fluorophore (DACT-II) and discuss the effect of two polymers, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and poly (benzyl methacrylate) (PBzMA) on the performance of large-area LSCs. As observed experimentally, DACT-II with the charge-donating diphenylaminocarbazole and charge-accepting triphenyltriazine moieties shows a large Stokes shift and limited re-absorption losses in both polymers. Our results show that thin-film LSC (10 × 10 × 0.3 cm3) with optimized concentration (0.9 wt%) of DACT-II in PBzMA gives better performance than that in the PMMA matrix. In particular, optical conversion efficiency (ηopt) and power-conversion efficiency (ηPCE) of DACT-II/PBzMA LSC are 2.32% and 0.33%, respectively, almost 1.2 times higher than for DACT-II/PMMA LSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Mateen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea; (F.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Namcheol Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea; (F.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Sae Youn Lee
- Department of Energy and Material Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.Y.L.); (S.-K.H.)
| | - Syed Taj Ud Din
- Department of Physics, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea; (S.T.U.D.); (W.Y.)
| | - Woochul Yang
- Department of Physics, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea; (S.T.U.D.); (W.Y.)
| | - Asif Shahzad
- Department of Energy and Material Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea;
| | - Ashok Kumar Kaliamurthy
- Research Center for Photoenergy Harvesting & Conversion Technology (phct), Department of Energy and Material Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea; (A.K.K.); (J.-J.L.)
| | - Jae-Joon Lee
- Research Center for Photoenergy Harvesting & Conversion Technology (phct), Department of Energy and Material Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea; (A.K.K.); (J.-J.L.)
| | - Sung-Kyu Hong
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea; (F.M.); (N.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.Y.L.); (S.-K.H.)
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14
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Lyu G, Southern TJF, Charles BL, Roger M, Gerbier P, Clément S, Evans RC. Aggregation-induced emission from silole-based lumophores embedded in organic-inorganic hybrid hosts. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2021; 9:13914-13925. [PMID: 34745631 PMCID: PMC8515938 DOI: 10.1039/d1tc02794h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emitters - or AIEgens - are often symbolised by their photoluminescence enhancement as a result of aggregation in a poor solvent. However, for some applications, it is preferable for the AIE response to be induced in the solid-state. Here, the ability of an organic-inorganic hybrid polymer host to induce the AIE response from embedded silole-based lumophores has been explored. We have focussed on understanding how the incorporation method controls the extent of lumophore aggregation and thus the associated photophysical properties. To achieve this, two sample concentration series have been prepared, based on either the parent AIEgen 1,1-dimethyl-2,3,4,5-tetraphenylsilole (DMTPS) or the silylated analogue (DMTPS-Sil), which were physically doped or covalently grafted, respectively, to dU(600) - a member of the ureasil family of poly(oxyalkylene)/siloxane hybrids. Steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements, coupled with confocal microscopy studies, revealed that covalent grafting leads to improved dispersibility of the AIEgen, reduced scattering losses, increased photoluminescence quantum yields (up to ca. 40%) and improved chemical stability. Moreover, the ureasil also functions as a photoactive host that undergoes excitation energy transfer to the embedded DMTPS-Sil with an efficiency of almost 70%. This study highlights the potential for designing complex photoluminescent hybrid polymers exhibiting an ehanced AIE response for solid-state optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanpeng Lyu
- Department of Material Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge CB3 0FS UK
| | - Thomas J F Southern
- Department of Material Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge CB3 0FS UK
| | - Bethan L Charles
- Department of Material Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge CB3 0FS UK
| | - Maxime Roger
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM Montpellier France
| | | | | | - Rachel C Evans
- Department of Material Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge CB3 0FS UK
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15
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Imwiset KJ, Ogawa M. Highly Luminescent Inorganic-Organic Hybrids with Molecularly Dispersed Perylene. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:9563-9570. [PMID: 33950687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly photoluminescent material was obtained by the incorporation of perylene into an inorganic-organic hybrid film. Octosilicate, a layered alkali silicate, was modified with a cationic surfactant, dioleyldimethylammonium ion, to accommodate perylene molecularly and uniformly. The perylene-doped dioleyldimethylammonium octosilicate films were fabricated by simply casting the toluene solution of perylene with dispersed dioleyldimethylammonium octosilicate on substrates. Near-unity photoluminescence quantum efficiency was achieved for hybrids containing a high concentration of perylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonnart Jaa Imwiset
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 555 Moo 1 Payupnai, Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Makoto Ogawa
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 555 Moo 1 Payupnai, Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
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16
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Kim A, Hosseinmardi A, Annamalai PK, Kumar P, Patel R. Review on Colloidal Quantum Dots Luminescent Solar Concentrators. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art New York City, NY 10003 USA
| | - Alireza Hosseinmardi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Pratheep K. Annamalai
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie Materiaux Télecommunications (INRS-EMT) Varennes QC Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Oklahoma 101 Stephenson Parkway Norman OK 73019 USA
| | - Rajkumar Patel
- Energy & Environmental Science and Engineering (EESE) Integrated Science and Engineering Division (ISED) Underwood International College Yonsei University 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsugu Incheon 21938 South Korea
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17
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Li Y, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Verduzco R. High‐performance hybrid luminescent‐scattering solar concentrators based on a luminescent conjugated polymer. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA
| | - Yujian Sun
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA USA
| | - Yongcao Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Chemistry University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA
| | - Rafael Verduzco
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA
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18
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Arrospide E, Illarramendi MA, Ayesta I, Guarrotxena N, García O, Zubia J, Durana G. Effects of Fabrication Methods on the Performance of Luminescent Solar Concentrators Based on Doped Polymer Optical Fibers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13030424. [PMID: 33525707 PMCID: PMC7866233 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we detail two types of fabrication processes of four polymer optical fibers doped with lumogen dyes. The fiber preforms have been manufactured with two different methods: extrusion and casting. We have compared the performance of the two types of fibers as luminescent solar concentrators by calculating their optical efficiencies and concentration factors. The obtained results show better performance for those fibers manufactured by the casting process. We have also studied the photostability of the two types of fibers doped with the dye lumogen red under solar light radiation. A high thermal stability of the doped fibers has been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneko Arrospide
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Engineering School of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-94-601-4420
| | - María Asunción Illarramendi
- Department of Applied Physics I, Engineering School of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain;
| | - Igor Ayesta
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Engineering School of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain;
| | - Nekane Guarrotxena
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICTP-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (N.G.); (O.G.)
| | - Olga García
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICTP-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (N.G.); (O.G.)
| | - Joseba Zubia
- Department of Communications Engineering, Engineering School of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain; (J.Z.); (G.D.)
| | - Gaizka Durana
- Department of Communications Engineering, Engineering School of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain; (J.Z.); (G.D.)
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19
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Corsini F, Apostolo M, Botta C, Turri S, Griffini G. Poly(vinylidenefluoride) polymers and copolymers as versatile hosts for luminescent solar concentrators: compositional tuning for enhanced performance. RSC Adv 2021; 11:29786-29796. [PMID: 35479540 PMCID: PMC9040912 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04537g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel host matrices based on fluoropolymers blended with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) are presented in this work for application in efficient and photochemically stable thin-film luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). These systems consist of blends of PMMA with three different partially fluorinated polymers in different proportions: polyvinylidenefluoride homopolymer, a copolymer of vinylidenefluoride and chloro-trifluoro-ethylene, and a terpolymer of vinylidenefluoride, hexafluoropropylene and hydroxyl-ethyl acetate. A detailed chemical, physical and structural characterization of the obtained materials allowed us to shed light on the structure–property relationships underlying the response of such blends as a LSC component, revealing the effect of the degree of crystallinity of the polymers on their functional characteristics. An optimization study of the optical and photovoltaic (PV) performance of these fluoropolymer-based LSC systems was carried out by investigating the effect of blend chemical composition, luminophore concentration and film thickness on LSC device output. LSCs featuring copolymer/PMMA blends as the host matrix were found to outperform their homopolymer- and terpolymer-based blend counterparts, attaining efficiencies comparable to those of reference PMMA-based LSC/PV assemblies. All optimized LSC systems were subjected to weathering tests for over 1000 h of continuous light exposure to evaluate the effect of the host matrix system on LSC performance decline and to correlate chemical composition with photochemical durability. It was found that all fluoropolymer/PMMA-based LSCs outperformed reference PMMA-based LSCs in terms of long-term operational lifetime. This work provides the first demonstration of thermoplastic fluoropolymer/PMMA blends for application as host matrices in efficient and stable LSCs and widens the scope of high-performance thermoplastic materials for the PV field. Novel fluoropolymer–polymethylmethacrylate blends used as host matrices in luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are presented. Fluoropolymer/PMMA-based LSC efficiency is comparable to that of PMMA-based LSCs and is stable over 1000 h of aging test.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Corsini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Apostolo
- Solvay Specialty Polymers, Viale Lombardia, 20, 20021 Bollate, Italy
| | - Chiara Botta
- Institute of Sciences and Chemical Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC) of CNR, via Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Turri
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Griffini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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20
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High-Performance Luminescent Solar Concentrators Based on Poly(Cyclohexylmethacrylate) (PCHMA) Films. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12122898. [PMID: 33287277 PMCID: PMC7761746 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report on the use of poly(cyclohexylmethacrylate) (PCHMA) as an alternative to the commonly used poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) for the design of efficient luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). PCHMA was selected due to its less polar nature with respect to PMMA, a characteristic that was reported to be beneficial in promoting the fluorophore dispersibility in the matrix, thus maximizing the efficiency of LSCs also at high doping. In this sense, LSC thin films based on PCHMA and containing different contents of Lumogen F Red 305 (LR, 0.2–1.8 wt%) demonstrated optical efficiencies (ηopt) comprising between 9.5% and 10.0%, i.e., about 0.5–1% higher than those collected from the LR/PMMA systems. The higher LR/polymer interactions occurred using the PCHMA matrix maximized the solar harvesting characteristics of the fluorophore and limited the influence of the adverse dissipative phenomena on the fluorophore quantum efficiency. These effects were also reflected by varying the LSC film thickness and reaching maximum ηopt of about 11.5% in the case of PCHMA films of about 30 µm.
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21
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Ren T. Spectral response of large-area luminescent solar concentrators. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:8964-8969. [PMID: 33104584 DOI: 10.1364/ao.403354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Measuring the spectral response (SR) of large-area (>100cm2) luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) has proven difficult because common laboratory photovoltaic (PV) instruments that offer monochromatic incidence measure devices with limited sizes (typically <50cm2). This report addresses this issue through a method called regional measurements. In this method, large-area LSCs are configured to small surface and edge regions, which are sequentially illuminated and measured, respectively. The measured SRs of large-area LSCs are consistent with those from the conventional method and the Monte Carlo ray-tracing simulation. This method is also applied to analyze scattering effects in the LSCs, showing the relationships of the scattering-induced power gain and power loss to the surface root-mean-squared roughness (Rq) of the devices. The results explain why the PV performance of the LSCs can be improved through proper surface scattering treatment.
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22
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Cai T, Wang J, Li W, Hills‐Kimball K, Yang H, Nagaoka Y, Yuan Y, Zia R, Chen O. Mn 2+/Yb 3+ Codoped CsPbCl 3 Perovskite Nanocrystals with Triple-Wavelength Emission for Luminescent Solar Concentrators. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001317. [PMID: 32999842 PMCID: PMC7509694 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Doping metal ions into lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) has attracted great attention over the past few years due to the emergence of novel properties relevant to optoelectronic applications. Here, the synthesis of Mn2+/Yb3+ codoped CsPbCl3 NCs through a hot-injection technique is reported. The resulting NCs show a unique triple-wavelength emission covering ultraviolet/blue, visible, and near-infrared regions. By optimizing the dopant concentrations, the total photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) of the codoped NCs can reach ≈125.3% due to quantum cutting effects. Mechanism studies reveal the efficient energy transfer processes from host NCs to Mn2+ and Yb3+ dopant ions, as well as a possible inter-dopant energy transfer from Mn2+ to Yb3+ ion centers. Owing to the high PL QYs and minimal reabsorption loss, the codoped perovskite NCs are demonstrated to be used as efficient emitters in luminescent solar concentrators, with greatly enhanced external optical efficiency compared to that of using solely Mn2+ doped CsPbCl3 NCs. This study presents a new model system for enriching doping chemistry studies and future applications of perovskite NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Cai
- Department of ChemistryBrown University324 Brook StreetProvidenceRI02912USA
| | - Junyu Wang
- Department of ChemistryBrown University324 Brook StreetProvidenceRI02912USA
| | - Wenhao Li
- School of Engineering and Department of PhysicsBrown University184 Hope StreetProvidenceRI02912USA
| | | | - Hanjun Yang
- Department of ChemistryBrown University324 Brook StreetProvidenceRI02912USA
| | - Yasutaka Nagaoka
- Department of ChemistryBrown University324 Brook StreetProvidenceRI02912USA
| | - Yucheng Yuan
- Department of ChemistryBrown University324 Brook StreetProvidenceRI02912USA
| | - Rashid Zia
- School of Engineering and Department of PhysicsBrown University184 Hope StreetProvidenceRI02912USA
| | - Ou Chen
- Department of ChemistryBrown University324 Brook StreetProvidenceRI02912USA
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23
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Abstract
This study reports for the first time the use of waterborne polymers as host matrices for luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). Notably, three types of waterborne polymer dispersions based either on acrylic acid esters and styrene (Polidisp® 7602), acrylic and methacrylic acid esters (Polidisp® 7788) or aliphatic polyester-based polyurethane (Tecfin P40) were selected as amorphous coatings over glass substrates. Water soluble Basic Yellow 40 (BY40) and Disperse Red 277 (DR277) were utilized as fluorophores and the derived thin polymer films (100 μm) were found homogeneous within the dye range of concentration investigated (0.3–2 wt.%). The optical efficiency determination (ηopt) evidenced LSCs performances close to those collected from benchmark polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) thin films and Lumogen Red F350 (LR) with the same experimental setup. Noteworthy, maximum ηopt of 9.5 ± 0.2 were recorded for the Polidisp® 7602 matrix containing BY40, thus definitely supporting the waterborne polymer matrices for the development of high performance and cost-effective LSCs.
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24
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Cai KB, Huang HY, Chen PW, Wen XM, Li K, Co KCC, Shen JL, Chiu KP, Yuan CT. Highly transparent and luminescent gel glass based on reabsorption-free gold nanoclusters. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:10781-10789. [PMID: 32391848 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01668c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent and transparent composites formed by embedding luminophores in a solid matrix are essential components for several photonic applications, such as luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) and luminescent down-shifting/conversion layers. For these applications, the optical losses, including reabsorption and scattering need to be minimized, while the photoluminescence (PL) emission must be stable against outdoor environments. Here, highly transparent and luminescent aluminosilicate glass doped with surface-engineered gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) was prepared without involving toxic elements and hazardous solvents. Such an AuNC@glass composite with a high loading (∼14 wt%) exhibits a unique absorption profile; near-unity absorptance in the absorption range but near-zero reabsorption in the emission region, and thus generates bright PL emission with negligible reabsorption losses. Meanwhile, the PL quantum yield was enhanced (from ∼1% to ∼14%) without sacrificing the Stokes shift, while still maintaining high optical transparency. In addition, they have high stability due to the effective protection of rigid inorganic matrices, and thus would be eco-friendly candidates for further preparation of efficient and reabsorption-free LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Bin Cai
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Cardoso M, Correia S, Frias A, Gonçalves H, Pereira R, Nunes S, Armand M, André P, de Zea Bermudez V, Ferreira R. Solar spectral conversion based on plastic films of lanthanide-doped ionosilicas for photovoltaics: Down-shifting layers and luminescent solar concentrators. J RARE EARTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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You Y, Tong X, Wang W, Sun J, Yu P, Ji H, Niu X, Wang ZM. Eco-Friendly Colloidal Quantum Dot-Based Luminescent Solar Concentrators. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801967. [PMID: 31065522 PMCID: PMC6498128 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) have attracted significant attention as promising solar energy conversion devices for building integrated photovoltaic (PV) systems due to their simple architecture and cost-effective fabrication. Conventional LSCs are generally comprised of an optical waveguide slab with embedded emissive species and coupled PV cells. Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have been demonstrated as efficient emissive species for high-performance LSCs because of their outstanding optical properties including tunable absorption and emission spectra covering the ultraviolet/visible to near-infrared region, high photoluminescence quantum yield, large absorption cross sections, and considerable photostability. However, current commonly used QDs for high-performance LSCs consist of highly toxic heavy metals (i.e., cadmium and lead), which are fatal to human health and the environment. In this regard, it is highly desired that heavy metal-free and environmentally friendly QD-based LSCs are comprehensively studied. Here, notable advances and developments of LSCs based on unary, binary, and ternary eco-friendly QDs are presented. The synthetic approaches, optical properties of these eco-friendly QDs, and consequent device performance of QD-based LSCs are discussed in detail. A brief outlook pointing out the existing challenges and prospective developments of eco-friendly QD-based LSCs is provided, offering guidelines for future device optimizations and commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin You
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Xin Tong
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Jiachen Sun
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Peng Yu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Haining Ji
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
- School of Materials and EnergyState Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Xiaobin Niu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
- School of Materials and EnergyState Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Zhiming M. Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
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Transparent Luminescent Solar Concentrators Using Ln3+-Based Ionosilicas Towards Photovoltaic Windows. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12030451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The integration of photovoltaic (PV) elements in urban environments is gaining visibility due to the current interest in developing energetically self-sustainable buildings. Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) may be seen as a solution to convert urban elements, such as façades and windows, into energy-generation units for zero-energy buildings. Moreover, LSCs are able to reduce the mismatch between the AM1.5G spectrum and the PV cells absorption. In this work, we report optically active coatings for LSCs based on lanthanide ions (Ln3+ = Eu3+, Tb3+)-doped surface functionalized ionosilicas (ISs) embedded in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). These new visible-emitting films exhibit large Stokes-shift, enabling the production of transparent coatings with negligible self-absorption and large molar extinction coefficient and brightness values (~2 × 105 and ~104 M−1∙cm−1, respectively) analogous to that of orange/red-emitting organic dyes. LSCs showed great potential for efficient and environmentally resistant devices, with optical conversion efficiency values of ~0.27% and ~0.34%, respectively.
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