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Wang L, Xiao J, Zhang B, Hou A. Epigenetic modifications in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a review. Pediatr Res 2024:10.1038/s41390-024-03167-7. [PMID: 38570557 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
While perinatal medicine advancements have bolstered survival outcomes for premature infants, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) continues to threaten their long-term health. Gene-environment interactions, mediated by epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA regulation, take center stage in BPD pathogenesis. Recent discoveries link methylation variations across biological pathways with BPD. Also, the potential reversibility of histone modifications fuels new treatment avenues. The review also highlights the promise of utilizing mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes as BPD therapies, given their ability to modulate non-coding RNA, opening novel research and intervention possibilities. IMPACT: The complexity and universality of epigenetic modifications in the occurrence and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia were thoroughly discussed. Both molecular and cellular mechanisms contribute to the diverse nature of epigenetic changes, suggesting the need for deeper biochemical techniques to explore these molecular alterations. The utilization of innovative cell-specific drug delivery methods like exosomes and extracellular vesicles holds promise in achieving precise epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichuan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bohan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ana Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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2
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Antenatal N-acetylcysteine to improve outcomes of premature infants with intra-amniotic infection and inflammation (Triple I): randomized clinical trial. Pediatr Res 2021; 89:175-184. [PMID: 32818949 PMCID: PMC7451831 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-01106-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine infection and/or inflammation (Triple I) is an important cause of preterm birth (PTB) and adverse newborn outcomes. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug safely administered to pregnant women with acetaminophen toxicity. METHODS We conducted a single-center, quadruple-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pregnant women with impending PTB due to confirmed Triple I. Participants (n = 67) were randomized to an intravenous infusion of NAC or placebo mimicking the FDA-approved regimen. Outcomes included clinical measures and mechanistic biomarkers. RESULTS Newborns exposed to NAC (n = 33) had significantly improved status at birth and required less intensive resuscitation compared to placebo (n = 34). Fewer NAC-exposed newborns developed two or more prematurity-related severe morbidities [NAC: 21% vs. placebo: 47%, relative risk, 0.45; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.21-0.95] with the strongest protection afforded against bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD, NAC: 3% vs. placebo: 32%, relative risk, 0.10; 95% CI: 0.01-0.73). These effects were independent of gestational age, birth weight, sex, or race. Umbilical cord plasma NAC concentration correlated directly with cysteine, but not with plasma or whole blood glutathione. NAC reduced the placental expression of histone deacetylase-2, suggesting that epigenetic mechanisms may be involved. CONCLUSIONS These data provide support for larger studies of intrapartum NAC to reduce prematurity-related morbidity. IMPACT In this randomized clinical trial of 65 women and their infants, maternal intravenous NAC employing the FDA-approved dosing protocol resulted in lower composite neonatal morbidity independent of gestational age, race, sex, and birthweight. Administration of NAC in amniocentesis-confirmed Triple I resulted in a remarkably lower incidence of BPD. As prior studies have not shown a benefit of postnatal NAC in ventilated infants, our trial highlights the critical antenatal timing of NAC administration. Repurposing of NAC for intrapartum administration should be explored in larger clinical trials as a strategy to improve prematurity-related outcomes and decrease the incidence of BPD.
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3
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Huang X, Mu X, Deng L, Fu A, Pu E, Tang T, Kong X. The etiologic origins for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:1139-1158. [PMID: 31213794 PMCID: PMC6549659 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s203215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
COPD, characterized by long-term poorly irreversible airway limitation and persistent respiratory symptoms, has resulted in enormous challenges to human health worldwide, with increasing rates of prevalence, death, and disability. Although its origin was thought to be in the interactions of genetic with environmental factors, the effects of environmental factors on the disease during different life stages remain little known. Without clear mechanisms and radical cure for it, early screening and prevention of COPD seem to be important. In this review, we will discuss the etiologic origins for poor lung function and COPD caused by specific adverse effects during corresponding life stages, as well as try to find new insights and potential prevention strategies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.,Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Mu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Deng
- The Pathology Department, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Aili Fu
- Department of Oncology, Yunfeng Hospital, Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Endong Pu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yunfeng Hospital, Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Tang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Kong
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
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4
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Neonatal Dexamethasone Treatment Suppresses Hippocampal Estrogen Receptor α Expression in Adolescent Female Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:2224-2233. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1214-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Bonafiglia QA, Lourenssen SR, Hurlbut DJ, Blennerhassett MG. Epigenetic modification of intestinal smooth muscle cell phenotype during proliferation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 315:C722-C733. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00216.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation causes proliferation of intestinal smooth muscle cells (ISMC), contributing to a thickened intestinal wall and to stricture formation in Crohn’s disease. Proliferation of ISMC in vitro and in vivo caused decreased expression of marker proteins, but the underlying cause is unclear. Since epigenetic change is important in other systems, we used immunocytochemistry, immunoblotting, and quantitative PCR to examine epigenetic modification in cell lines from rat colon at low passage or after extended growth to evaluate phenotype. Exposure to the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor trichostatin A or the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-azacytidine reversed the characteristic loss of phenotypic markers among high-passage cell lines of ISMC. Expression of smooth muscle actin and smooth muscle protein 22, as well as functional expression of the neurotrophin glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, was markedly increased. Increased expression of muscarinic receptor 3 and myosin light chain kinase was correlated with an upregulated response to cholinergic stimulation. In human ISMC (hISMC) lines from the terminal ileum, phenotype was similarly affected by extended proliferation. However, in hISMC from resected Crohn’s strictures, we observed a significantly reduced contractile phenotype compared with patient-matched intrinsic controls that was associated with increased patient-specific expression of DNA methyltransferase 1, HDAC2, and HDAC5. Therefore, protracted growth causes epigenetic alterations that account for an altered phenotype of ISMC. A similar process may promote stricture formation in Crohn’s disease, where the potential for halting progression, or even reversal, of disease through control of phenotypic modulation may become a novel treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn A. Bonafiglia
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra R. Lourenssen
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - David J. Hurlbut
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Kumar VH, Wang H, Kishkurno S, Paturi BS, Nielsen L, Ryan RM. Long-Term Effects of Neonatal Hyperoxia in Adult Mice. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 301:717-726. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Huamei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics; University at Buffalo; Buffalo New York
| | - Sergei Kishkurno
- Department of Pediatrics; University at Buffalo; Buffalo New York
| | - Babu S Paturi
- Department of Pediatrics; University at Buffalo; Buffalo New York
| | - Lori Nielsen
- Department of Pediatrics; University at Buffalo; Buffalo New York
| | - Rita M. Ryan
- Department of Pediatrics; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston South Carolina
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7
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Rath P, Nardiello C, Morty RE. A new target for caffeine in the developing lung: endoplasmic reticulum stress? Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 313:L659-L663. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00251.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Rath
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; and
| | - Claudio Nardiello
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; and
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rory E. Morty
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; and
- Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
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8
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Ranganathan SC, Hall GL, Sly PD, Stick SM. Early Lung Disease in Infants and Preschool Children with Cystic Fibrosis. What Have We Learned and What Should We Do about It? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195:1567-1575. [PMID: 27911585 PMCID: PMC6850725 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201606-1107ci] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The past decade has seen significant advances in understanding of the pathogenesis and progression of lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). Pulmonary inflammation, infection, and structural lung damage manifest very early in life and are prevalent among preschool children and infants, often in the absence of symptoms or signs. Early childhood represents a pivotal period amenable to intervention strategies that could delay or prevent the onset of lung damage and alter the longer-term clinical trajectory for individuals with CF. This review summarizes what we have learned about early lung disease in children with CF and discusses the implications for future clinical practice and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarath C. Ranganathan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham L. Hall
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter D. Sly
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Children’s Health Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and
| | - Stephen M. Stick
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - on behalf of the Australian Respiratory Early Surveillance Team for Cystic Fibrosis (AREST-CF)
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Children’s Health Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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9
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Meiners S, Hilgendorff A. Early injury of the neonatal lung contributes to premature lung aging: a hypothesis. Mol Cell Pediatr 2016; 3:24. [PMID: 27406259 PMCID: PMC4942446 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-016-0052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lung disease of the newborn, also known as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), is the most common chronic lung disease in early infancy and results in an increased risk for long-lasting pulmonary impairment in the adult. BPD develops upon injury of the immature lung by oxygen toxicity, mechanical ventilation, and infections which trigger sustained inflammatory immune responses and extensive remodeling of the extracellular matrix together with dysregulated growth factor signaling. Histopathologically, BPD is characterized by impaired alveolarization, disrupted vascular development, and saccular wall fibrosis. Here, we explore the hypothesis that development of BPD involves disturbance of conserved pathways of molecular aging that may contribute to premature aging of the lung and an increased susceptibility to chronic lung diseases in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Meiners
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, München, Germany.
| | - Anne Hilgendorff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, München, Germany.,Perinatal Center Grosshadern, Dr. von Haunersches Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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10
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Boucherat O, Morissette MC, Provencher S, Bonnet S, Maltais F. Bridging Lung Development with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Relevance of Developmental Pathways in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Pathogenesis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 193:362-75. [PMID: 26681127 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201508-1518pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic airflow limitation. This generic term encompasses emphysema and chronic bronchitis, two common conditions, each having distinct but also overlapping features. Recent epidemiological and experimental studies have challenged the traditional view that COPD is exclusively an adult disease occurring after years of inhalational insults to the lungs, pinpointing abnormalities or disruption of the pathways that control lung development as an important susceptibility factor for adult COPD. In addition, there is growing evidence that emphysema is not solely a destructive process because it is also characterized by a failure in cell and molecular maintenance programs necessary for proper lung development. This leads to the concept that tissue regeneration required stimulation of signaling pathways that normally operate during development. We undertook a review of the literature to outline the contribution of developmental insults and genes in the occurrence and pathogenesis of COPD, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Boucherat
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Mathieu C Morissette
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Steeve Provencher
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - François Maltais
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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11
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Sallon C, Soulet D, Provost PR, Tremblay Y. Automated High-Performance Analysis of Lung Morphometry. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 53:149-58. [PMID: 25695836 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0469ma] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Automation of lung morphometric analysis is an asset in the study of lung pathophysiology because it is an assurance of robustness, reproducibility, and rapidity. The novel automated morphometric approach presented here meets these criteria. This new method collects multiple parameters, allowing quantitative elucidation of the pathophysiology of the developing and mature lungs. The automated morphometric analysis is reliable and allows the analysis of a greater proportion of each lung together with a higher number of samples and superior reproducibility than manual analysis. The use of this method revealed that treatment with 80% oxygen and lung development presented an opposite effect on most of the analyzed parameters. In conclusion, this novel approach allowed the collection of new fundamental morphometric data on lung development and a deeper comprehension of the effect of hyperoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Sallon
- 1 Axe Reproduction, Santé de la Mère et de l'Enfant, and.,2 Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction (CRBR) and
| | - Denis Soulet
- 3 Axe Neuroscience, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Laval, Québec; and.,Départements de 4 Psychiatrie et Neuroscience and
| | - Pierre R Provost
- 1 Axe Reproduction, Santé de la Mère et de l'Enfant, and.,2 Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction (CRBR) and.,5 Obstétrique/Gynécologie & Reproduction, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Yves Tremblay
- 1 Axe Reproduction, Santé de la Mère et de l'Enfant, and.,2 Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction (CRBR) and.,5 Obstétrique/Gynécologie & Reproduction, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Laval, Québec, Canada
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12
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Abstract
The respiratory endoderm develops from a small cluster of cells located on the ventral anterior foregut. This population of progenitors generates the myriad epithelial lineages required for proper lung function in adults through a complex and delicately balanced series of developmental events controlled by many critical signaling and transcription factor pathways. In the past decade, understanding of this process has grown enormously, helped in part by cell lineage fate analysis and deep sequencing of the transcriptomes of various progenitors and differentiated cell types. This review explores how these new techniques, coupled with more traditional approaches, have provided a detailed picture of development of the epithelial lineages in the lung and insight into how aberrant development can lead to lung disease.
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13
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Abstract
The development of the human lung starts at 4 weeks of gestation with the appearance of the tracheal outgrowth from the foregut and continues into early childhood. Survival at birth is dependent on adequate development and maturation of the lung in utero. Abnormal bronchopulmonary development results in congenital lung malformations, and inadequate development is thought to contribute to bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Complex processes and factors influencing lung development are beginning to be elucidated, and further knowledge will hopefully lead to improved interventions to enhance outcomes in vulnerable or affected infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Mullassery
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Addenbrookes Cambridge University Hospitals, NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Nicola P Smith
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Addenbrookes Cambridge University Hospitals, NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
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14
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Zhu Y, Fu J, Yang H, Pan Y, Yao L, Xue X. Hyperoxia-induced methylation decreases RUNX3 in a newborn rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Respir Res 2015; 16:75. [PMID: 26104385 PMCID: PMC4499173 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-015-0239-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants is a predominantly secondary occurrence to intrauterine inflammation/infection and postpartum mechanical ventilation; in recent years, an association with epigenetics has also been found. DNA methylation, catalyzed by DNA methyl transferases (DNMTs), and tri-methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3), mediated by the methyltransferase, Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), are some of the most commonly found modifications in epigenetics. Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) is associated with pulmonary epithelial and vascular development and regulates expression at the post-transcriptional level by DNA methylation through DNMT1 or DNMT3b. However, the involvements of these epigenetic factors in the occurrence of BPD are, as yet, unclear. METHODS Newborn rats were randomly assigned to a model, hyperoxia (85 % O2) or control, normoxia group (21 % O2). Lung tissues and alveolar type 2 (AT2) epithelial cells were collected between 1-14 days. The expression of DNMTs, and EZH2 was detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blot and real-time PCR. The percentage of DNA methylation and H3K27me3 levels in the RUNX3 promoter region was measured by bisulfite sequencing PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. RUNX3 protein and mRNA expression in AT2 cells was also measured after inhibition using the DNA methylation inhibitor, 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine, the H3K27me3 inhibitor, JMJD3, and the EZH2 inhibitor, DZNep. RESULTS Compared with the control group, RUNX3 protein was downregulated and DNMT3b and EZH2 were highly expressed in lung tissues and AT2 cells of the model group (P < 0.05), while high DNA methylation and H3K27me3 modifications were present in the RUNX3 promoter region, in lung tissues of the model group (P < 0.05). Following hyperoxia in the model group, JMJD3 and DZNep significantly reversed the hyperoxia-induced down-regulation of RUNX3 expression in AT2 cells (P < 0.05), more so than 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS 1) DNA methylation and H3K27 trimethylation are present in the BPD model; 2) RUNX3 down-regulation is attributed to both DNMT3b-catalyzed DNA methylation and EZH2-catalyzed histone methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Haiping Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Yuqing Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Xindong Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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15
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Johar D, Siragam V, Mahood TH, Keijzer R. New insights into lung development and diseases: the role of microRNAs. Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 93:139-48. [PMID: 25563747 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short endogenous noncoding RNA molecules (∼ 22 nucleotides) that can regulate gene expression at the post-transcription level. Research interest in the role of miRNAs in lung biology is emerging. MiRNAs have been implicated in a range of processes such as development, homeostasis, and inflammatory diseases in lung tissues and are capable of inducing differentiation, morphogenesis, and apoptosis. In recent years, several studies have reported that miRNAs are differentially regulated in lung development and lung diseases in response to epigenetic changes, providing new insights for their versatile role in various physiological and pathological processes in the lung. In this review, we discuss the contribution of miRNAs to lung development and diseases and possible future implications in the field of lung biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Johar
- Departments of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatrics & Child Health and Physiology (adjunct), University of Manitoba and Biology of Breathing Theme, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4, Canada
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16
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HE HUA, CHEN FEI, NI WENSI, LI JIANHUI, ZHANG YONGJUN. Theophylline improves lipopolysaccharide-induced alveolarization arrest through inflammatory regulation. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:269-75. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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17
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Rieger-Fackeldey E, Park MS, Schanbacher BL, Joshi MS, Chicoine LG, Nelin LD, Bauer JA, Welty SE, Smith CV. Lung development alterations in newborn mice after recovery from exposure to sublethal hyperoxia. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 184:1010-1016. [PMID: 24518568 PMCID: PMC7538813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of newborn mice to hyperoxia arrests lung development, with resultant pathological characteristics similar to bronchopulmonary dysplasia in infants born prematurely. We tested the hypothesis that aberrations in lung development caused by 14 days of sublethal hyperoxia would be reversed during 14 days of recovery to room air (RA) when the concentration of oxygen exposure was weaned gradually. Newborn FVB mice were exposed to 85% oxygen or RA for 14 days. Weaning from hyperoxia was by either transfer directly into RA or a decrease in the concentration of oxygen by 10% per days. At 28 days, pups were euthanized, and the lungs were inflation fixed and assessed. At postnatal day 28, lungs of mice weaned abruptly from hyperoxia had fewer (6 ± 0.6 versus 10 ± 0.7; P < 0.001) alveoli per high-powered field and larger alveoli (4050 ± 207 versus 2305 ± 182 μm(2)) than animals weaned gradually; both hyperoxia-exposed groups were different from lungs obtained from air-breathing controls (20 ± 0.5 alveoli per high-powered field; P < 0.001). The results are consistent with the absence of catch-up alveolarization in this model and indicate that the long-term consequences of early exposures to hyperoxia merit closer examination. The effects of abrupt weaning to RA observed further suggest that weaning should be considered in experimental models of newborn exposure to hyperoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Rieger-Fackeldey
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio,Neonatology and Pediatric Critical Care, Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Min S. Park
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio,Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Brandon L. Schanbacher
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mandar S. Joshi
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Louis G. Chicoine
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Leif D. Nelin
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - John A. Bauer
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Stephen E. Welty
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio,Address correspondence to Stephen E. Welty, M.D., 6621 Fannin St, WT6-104, Houston, TX 77030.
| | - Charles V. Smith
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio,Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Seattle Children's Hospital Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
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Herriges M, Morrisey EE. Lung development: orchestrating the generation and regeneration of a complex organ. Development 2014; 141:502-13. [PMID: 24449833 DOI: 10.1242/dev.098186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The respiratory system, which consists of the lungs, trachea and associated vasculature, is essential for terrestrial life. In recent years, extensive progress has been made in defining the temporal progression of lung development, and this has led to exciting discoveries, including the derivation of lung epithelium from pluripotent stem cells and the discovery of developmental pathways that are targets for new therapeutics. These discoveries have also provided new insights into the regenerative capacity of the respiratory system. This Review highlights recent advances in our understanding of lung development and regeneration, which will hopefully lead to better insights into both congenital and acquired lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Herriges
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Ni W, Lin N, He H, Zhu J, Zhang Y. Lipopolysaccharide induces up-regulation of TGF-α through HDAC2 in a rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91083. [PMID: 24595367 PMCID: PMC3942494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is characterized by alveolar simplification with decreased alveolar number and increased airspace. Previous studies suggested that transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) may contribute to arrested alveolar development in BPD. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) control cellular signaling and gene expression. HDAC2 is crucial for suppression of inflammatory gene expression. Here we investigated whether HDAC2 was involved in the arrest of alveolarization, as well as the ability of HDAC2 to regulate TGF-α expression in a rat model of BPD induced by intra-amniotic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results showed that LPS exposure led to a suppression of both HDAC1 and HDAC2 expression and activity, induced TGF-α expression, and disrupted alveolar morphology. Mechanistic studies showed that overexpression of HDAC2, but not HDAC1, suppressed LPS-induced TGF-α expression. Moreover, the HDAC inhibitor TSA or downregulation of HDAC2 by siRNA both significantly increased TGF-α expression in cultured myofibroblasts. Finally, preservation of HDAC activity by theophylline treatment improved alveolar development and attenuated TGF-α release. Together, these findings indicate that attenuation of TGF-α-mediated effects in the lung by enhancing HDAC2 may have a therapeutic effect on treating BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensi Ni
- XinHua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Lin
- XinHua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua He
- XinHua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxing Zhu
- XinHua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- XinHua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai, China
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20
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Abstract
PURPOSE Hyperoxia has the chief biological effect of cell death. We have previously reported that cathepsin B (CB) is related to fetal alveolar type II cell (FATIIC) death and pretreatment of recombinant IL-10 (rIL-10) attenuates type II cell death during 65%-hyperoixa. In this study, we investigated what kinds of changes of CB expression are induced in FATIICs at different concentrations of hyperoxia (65%- and 85%-hyperoxia) and whether pretreatment with rIL-10 reduces the expression of CB in FATIICs during hyperoxia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolated embryonic day 19 fetal rat alveolar type II cells were cultured and exposed to 65%- and 85%-hyperoxia for 12 h and 24 h. Cells in room air were used as controls. Cytotoxicity was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released into the supernatant. Expression of CB was analyzed by fluorescence-based assay upon cell lysis and western blotting, and LDH-release was re-analyzed after preincubation of cathepsin B-inhibitor (CBI). IL-10 production was analyzed by ELISA, and LDH-release was re-assessed after preincubation with rIL-10 and CB expression was re-analyzed by western blotting and real-time PCR. RESULTS LDH-release and CB expression in FATIICs were enhanced significantly in an oxygen-concentration-dependent manner during hyperoxia, whereas caspase-3 was not activated. Preincubation of FATIICs with CBI significantly reduced LDH-release during hyperoxia. IL-10-release decreased in an oxygen-concentration-dependent fashion, and preincubation of the cells with rIL-10 significantly reduced cellular necrosis and expression of CB in FATIICs which were exposed to 65%- and 85%-hyperoxia. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that CB is enhanced in an oxygen- concentration-dependent manner, and IL-10 has an inhibitory effect on CB expression in FATIICs during hyperoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Soo Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, 156 Baengnyeong-ro, Chuncheon 200-722, Korea.
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Lee HS. Effect of Short-term Exposure of Different Concentrations of Hyperoxia on Fetal Alveolar Type II Cell Death. NEONATAL MEDICINE 2013. [DOI: 10.5385/nm.2013.20.2.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Soo Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
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Yao H, Rahman I. Role of histone deacetylase 2 in epigenetics and cellular senescence: implications in lung inflammaging and COPD. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2012; 303:L557-66. [PMID: 22842217 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00175.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) is a class I histone deacetylase that regulates various cellular processes, such as cell cycle, senescence, proliferation, differentiation, development, apoptosis, and glucocorticoid function in inhibiting inflammatory response. HDAC2 has been shown to protect against DNA damage response and cellular senescence/premature aging via an epigenetic mechanism in response to oxidative stress. These phenomena are observed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). HDAC2 is posttranslationally modified by oxidative/carbonyl stress imposed by cigarette smoke and oxidants, leading to its reduction via an ubiquitination-proteasome dependent degradation in lungs of patients with COPD. In this perspective, we have discussed the role of HDAC2 posttranslational modifications and its role in regulation of inflammation, histone/DNA epigenetic modifications, DNA damage response, and cellular senescence, particularly in inflammaging, and during the development of COPD. We have also discussed the potential directions for future translational research avenues in modulating lung inflammaging and cellular senescence based on epigenetic chromatin modifications in diseases associated with increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Yao
- Dept. of Environmental Medicine, Lung Biology and Disease Program, Univ. of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Koo MS, Subbian S, Kaplan G. Strain specific transcriptional response in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infected macrophages. Cell Commun Signal 2012; 10:2. [PMID: 22280836 PMCID: PMC3317440 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-10-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB), a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains a significant health problem worldwide with a third of the world population infected and nearly nine million new cases claiming 1.1 million deaths every year. The outcome following infection by Mtb is determined by a complex and dynamic host-pathogen interaction in which the phenotype of the pathogen and the immune status of the host play a role. However, the molecular mechanism by which Mtb strains induce different responses during intracellular infection of the host macrophage is not fully understood. To explore the early molecular events triggered upon Mtb infection of macrophages, we studied the transcriptional responses of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) to infection with two clinical Mtb strains, CDC1551 and HN878. These strains have previously been shown to differ in their virulence/immunogenicity in the mouse and rabbit models of pulmonary TB. Results In spite of similar intracellular growth rates, we observed that compared to HN878, infection by CDC1551 of BMM was associated with an increased global transcriptome, up-regulation of a specific early (6 hours) immune response network and significantly elevated nitric oxide production. In contrast, at 24 hours post-infection of BMM by HN878, more host genes involved in lipid metabolism, including cholesterol metabolism and prostaglandin synthesis were up-regulated, compared to infection with CDC1551. In association with the differences in the macrophage responses to infection with the 2 Mtb strains, intracellular CDC1551 expressed higher levels of stress response genes than did HN878. Conclusions In association with the early and more robust macrophage activation, intracellular CDC1551 cells were exposed to a higher level of stress leading to increased up-regulation of the bacterial stress response genes. In contrast, sub-optimal activation of macrophages and induction of a dysregulated host cell lipid metabolism favored a less stressful intracellular environment for HN878. Our findings suggest that the ability of CDC1551 and HN878 to differentially activate macrophages during infection probably determines their ability to either resist host cell immunity and progress to active disease or to succumb to the host protective responses and be driven into a non-replicating latent state in rabbit lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Sun Koo
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunity and Pathogenesis, The Public Health Research Institute (PHRI) at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UNDNJ), 225 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA.
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