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Kasher M, Freidin MB, Williams FMK, Livshits G. GlycA and CRP Are Genetically Correlated: Insight into the Genetic Architecture of Inflammageing. Biomolecules 2024; 14:563. [PMID: 38785970 PMCID: PMC11117775 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammageing is a condition of perpetual low-grade inflammation induced by ageing. Inflammageing may be predicted by the C-reactive protein (CRP) or by a recently described biomarker which measures N-glycosylated side chains of the carbohydrate component of several acute-phase proteins known as GlycA. The objective of this study was to examine in depth the genetic relationships between CRP and GlycA as well as between each of them and other selected cytokines, which may shed light on the mechanisms of inflammageing. Using the Olink 96 Inflammation panel, data on inflammatory mediators for 1518 twins from the TwinsUK dataset were acquired. Summary statistics for genome-wide association studies for several cytokines as well as CRP and GlycA were collected from public sources. Extensive genetic correlation analyses, colocalization and genetic enrichment analyses were carried out to detect the shared genetic architecture between GlycA and CRP. Mendelian randomization was carried out to assess potential causal relationships. GlycA predicted examined cytokines with a magnitude twice as great as that of CRP. GlycA and CRP were significantly genetically correlated (Rg = 0.4397 ± 0.0854, p-value = 2.60 × 10-7). No evidence of a causal relationship between GlycA and CRP, or between these two biomarkers and the cytokines assessed was obtained. However, the aforementioned relationships were explained well by horizontal pleiotropy. Five exonic genetic variants annotated to five genes explain the shared genetic architecture observed between GlycA and CRP: IL6R, GCKR, MLXIPL, SERPINA1, and MAP1A. GlycA and CRP possess a shared genetic architecture, but the relationship between them appears to be modest, which may imply the promotion of differing inflammatory pathways. GlycA appears to be a more robust predictor of cytokines compared to CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody Kasher
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson Medical School, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Maxim B. Freidin
- Department of Biology, School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK;
| | - Frances M. K. Williams
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK;
| | - Gregory Livshits
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson Medical School, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK;
- Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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Luo L, Zheng W, Chen C, Sun S. Searching for essential genes and drug discovery in breast cancer and periodontitis via text mining and bioinformatics analysis. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 32:1038-1045. [PMID: 34183495 PMCID: PMC8517104 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The primary purpose of the study was (1) to search for the essential genes associated with breast cancer and periodontitis, and (2) to identify candidate drugs targeted to these genes for expanding the potential drug indications. The genes related to both breast cancer and periodontitis were determined by text mining. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis were performed on these genes, and protein-protein interaction analysis was carried out to export significant module genes. Drug-gene interaction database was employed for potential drug discovery. We identified 221 genes common to both breast cancer and periodontitis. The top six significant enrichment terms and 15 enriched signal pathways were selected. Among 24 significant genes demonstrated as a gene cluster, we found SERPINA1 and TF were significantly related to poor overall survival between the relatively high and low groups in patients. Using the final two genes, 12 drugs were identified that had potential therapeutic effects. SERPINA1 and TF were screened out as essential genes related to both breast cancer and periodontitis, targeting 12 candidate drugs that may expand drug indications. Drug discovery using text mining and analysis of different databases can promote the identification of existing drugs that have the potential of administration to improve treatment in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Luo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Weijie Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chuang Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shengrong Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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Marzouk S, Attia N, Mashal M. Insights into the potential role of alpha1-antitrypsin in COVID-19 patients: Mechanisms, current update, and future perspectives. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2021; 15:1019-1024. [PMID: 34087062 PMCID: PMC8239917 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we provide an up‐to‐date summary of the available molecular‐ and cell‐related mechanisms by which alpha1‐antitrypsin (AAT) protein could be of benefit in treating COVID‐19 patients. As well, we demonstrate the current status in terms of the ongoing clinical trials using AAT in COVID‐19 patients. Finally, we touch on the potential role gene therapy and stem cell‐based gene therapy could have in such emerging and serious condition caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Marzouk
- Department of Pharmacy, Ministry of Health, Mallawi, El Minia, Egypt
| | - Noha Attia
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, University Park, Coolidge, Antigua and Barbuda.,NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mashal
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, University Park, Coolidge, Antigua and Barbuda.,NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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Bush A, Lintowska A, Mazur A, Hadjipanayis A, Grossman Z, Del Torso S, Michaud PA, Doan S, Romankevych I, Slaats M, Utkus A, Dembiński Ł, Slobodanac M, Valiulis A. E-Cigarettes as a Growing Threat for Children and Adolescents: Position Statement From the European Academy of Paediatrics. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:698613. [PMID: 34737999 PMCID: PMC8562300 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.698613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As the tobacco epidemic has waned, it has been followed by the advent of electronic nicotine delivery devices (ENDS) primarily manufactured by the tobacco industry to try to recruit replacements for deceased tobacco addicts. This document sets out the ten recommendations of the European Academy of Paediatrics (EAP) with regard to e-cigarettes and children and young people (CYP). The EAP notes that nicotine is itself a drug of addiction, with toxicity to the foetus, child and adult, and were ENDS only to contain nicotine, their use to create a new generation of addicts would be rigorously opposed. However, e-cigarettes include numerous unregulated chemicals, including known carcinogens, whose acute and long term toxicities are unknown. The EAP asserts that there is incontrovertible evidence that the acute toxicity of e-cigarettes is greater than that of "traditional" tobacco smoking, and a variety of acute pulmonary toxicities, including acute lung injuries, have been recorded due to e-cigarettes usage. The chronic toxicity of e-cigarettes is unknown, but given the greater acute toxicity compared to tobacco, the EAP cannot assume that e-cigarettes are safer in the long term. The high uptake of e-cigarettes by CYP, including under-age children, is partly fuelled by deceitful marketing and internet exposure, which is also unregulated. Although proposed as aids to smoking cessation, there is no evidence that e-cigarettes add anything to standard smoking cessation strategies. In summary, the EAP regards these devices and liquids as very dangerous, and ineluctably opposed to their use, and their direct or indirect marketing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Bush
- Imperial College Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Agnieszka Lintowska
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Science, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Artur Mazur
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszow, Poland.,European Academy of Paediatric (EAP/UEMS-SP), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adamos Hadjipanayis
- European Academy of Paediatric (EAP/UEMS-SP), Brussels, Belgium.,Medical School, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Zacchi Grossman
- European Academy of Paediatric (EAP/UEMS-SP), Brussels, Belgium.,Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.,Maccabi Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Stefano Del Torso
- European Academy of Paediatric (EAP/UEMS-SP), Brussels, Belgium.,Pediatra di Famiglia ULSS 16, Padua, Italy
| | - Pierre-André Michaud
- Faculté de Biologie et de Médecine, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Svitlana Doan
- Department of Public Health and Microbiology, Kyiv Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Ivanna Romankevych
- Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Monique Slaats
- European Academy of Paediatric (EAP/UEMS-SP), Brussels, Belgium.,Pediatric Pulmonology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Algirdas Utkus
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Vilnius University Medical Faculty, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Łukasz Dembiński
- European Academy of Paediatric (EAP/UEMS-SP), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Arunas Valiulis
- European Academy of Paediatric (EAP/UEMS-SP), Brussels, Belgium.,Clinic of Children's Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Vilnius University Medical Faculty, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Santos G, Turner AM. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency: an update on clinical aspects of diagnosis and management. Fac Rev 2020; 9:1. [PMID: 33659933 PMCID: PMC7886062 DOI: 10.12703/b/9-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical heterogeneity has been demonstrated in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), such that clinical suspicion plays an important role in its diagnosis. The PiZZ genotype is the most common severe deficiency genotype and so tends to result in the worst clinical presentation, hence it has been the major focus of research. However, milder genotypes, especially PiSZ and PiMZ, are also linked to the development of lung and liver disease, mainly when unhealthy behaviors are present, such as smoking and alcohol use. Monitoring and managing AATD patients remains an area of active research. Lung function tests or computed tomography (CT) densitometry may allow physicians to identify progressive disease during follow up of patients, with a view to decision making about AATD-specific therapy, like augmentation therapy, or eventually surgical procedures such as lung volume reduction or transplant. Different types of biological markers have been suggested for disease monitoring and therapy selection, although most need further investigation. Intravenous augmentation therapy reduces the progression of emphysema in PiZZ patients and is available in many European countries, but its effect in milder deficiency is less certain. AATD has also been suggested to represent a risk factor and trigger for pulmonary infections, like those induced by mycobacteria. We summarize the last 5-10 years' key findings in AATD diagnosis, assessment, and management, with a focus on milder deficiency variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Santos
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
| | - Alice M Turner
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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Ponce-Gallegos MA, Pérez-Rubio G, García-Carmona A, García-Gómez J, Hernández-Zenteno R, Ramírez-Venegas A, Falfán-Valencia R. Haplotype in SERPINA1 (AAT) Is Associated with Reduced Risk for COPD in a Mexican Mestizo Population. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E195. [PMID: 31892136 PMCID: PMC6982076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Protease inhibitor S (PiS) and protease inhibitor Z (PiZ) variants in the SERPINA1 gene are the main genetics factors associated with COPD; however, investigations about other polymorphisms are scanty. The aim of this study was to evaluate two missense single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs709932 and rs1303) in the SERPINA1 gene in Mexican mestizo patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) related to tobacco smoking and biomass-burning exposure. 1700 subjects were genotyped and divided into four groups: COPD related to tobacco smoking (COPD-S, n = 297), COPD related to biomass-burning exposure (COPD-BB, n = 178), smokers without COPD (SWOC, n = 674), and biomass-burning exposed subjects (BBES, n = 551) by real-time PCR. Moreover, the patients' groups were divided according to their exacerbations' frequency. We carried out a haplotype analysis. We did not find differences in allele and genotype frequencies between groups in unadjusted and adjusted analyses, neither with these SNPs and lung function decline. Exacerbations' frequency is not associated with these SNPs. However, we found a haplotype with major alleles (CT) associated with reduced risk for COPD (p < 0.05). Our analysis reveals that SNPs different from PiS and PiZ (rs709932 and rs1303) in the SERPINA1 gene are not associated with COPD and lung function decline in a Mexican mestizo population. However, a haplotype shaped by both major alleles (CT haplotype) is associated with reduced risk for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antonio Ponce-Gallegos
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.A.P.-G.); (G.P.-R.); (A.G.-C.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - Gloria Pérez-Rubio
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.A.P.-G.); (G.P.-R.); (A.G.-C.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - Adriana García-Carmona
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.A.P.-G.); (G.P.-R.); (A.G.-C.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - Jesús García-Gómez
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.A.P.-G.); (G.P.-R.); (A.G.-C.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - Rafael Hernández-Zenteno
- Tobacco Smoking and COPD Research Department, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Alejandra Ramírez-Venegas
- Tobacco Smoking and COPD Research Department, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.A.P.-G.); (G.P.-R.); (A.G.-C.); (J.G.-G.)
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