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Zhang XF, Zhang XL, Guo L, Bai YP, Tian Y, Luo HY. The function of the inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitors in the development of disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1432224. [PMID: 39149600 PMCID: PMC11325723 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1432224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Through the formation of covalent connections with hyaluronic acid (HA), the inter-α-trypsin inhibitor (IαI) family collaborates to preserve the stability of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The five distinct homologous heavy chains (ITIH) and one type of light chain make up the IαI family. ITIH alone or in combination with bikunin (BK) has been proven to have important impacts in a number of earlier investigations. This implies that BK and ITIH might be crucial to both physiological and pathological processes. The functions of BK and ITIH in various pathophysiological processes are discussed independently in this paper. In the meanwhile, this study offers suggestions for further research on the roles of BK and ITIH in the course of disease and summarizes the plausible mechanisms of the previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Feng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yun-Ping Bai
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Tian
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hua-You Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Novais AA, Tamarindo GH, Melo LMM, Balieiro BC, Nóbrega D, dos Santos G, Saldanha SF, de Souza FF, Chuffa LGDA, Bracha S, Zuccari DAPDC. Exploring Canine Mammary Cancer through Liquid Biopsy: Proteomic Profiling of Small Extracellular Vesicles. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2562. [PMID: 39061201 PMCID: PMC11275101 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16142562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(Background). Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) have emerged as an important model for understanding pathophysiological aspects of human disease. Liquid biopsy (LB), which relies on blood-borne biomarkers and offers minimal invasiveness, holds promise for reflecting the disease status of patients. Small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) and their protein cargo have recently gained attention as potential tools for disease screening and monitoring. (Objectives). This study aimed to isolate SEVs from canine patients and analyze their proteomic profile to assess their diagnostic and prognostic potential. (Methods). Plasma samples were collected from female dogs grouped into CMT (malignant and benign), healthy controls, relapse, and remission groups. SEVs were isolated and characterized using ultracentrifugation (UC), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Proteomic analysis of circulating SEVs was conducted using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). (Results). While no significant differences were observed in the concentration and size of exosomes among the studied groups, proteomic profiling revealed important variations. Mass spectrometry identified exclusive proteins that could serve as potential biomarkers for mammary cancer. These included Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain (ITIH2 and ITI4), phosphopyruvate hydratase or alpha enolase (ENO1), eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (eEF2), actin (ACTB), transthyretin (TTR), beta-2-glycoprotein 1 (APOH) and gelsolin (GSN) found in female dogs with malignant tumors. Additionally, vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP), also known as group-specific component (GC), was identified as a protein present during remission. (Conclusions). The results underscore the potential of proteins found in SEVs as valuable biomarkers in CMTs. Despite the lack of differences in vesicle concentration and size between the groups, the analysis of protein content revealed promising markers with potential applications in CMT diagnosis and monitoring. These findings suggest a novel approach in the development of more precise and effective diagnostic tools for this challenging clinical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Alonso Novais
- Institute of Health Science (ICS), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop 78550-728, MT, Brazil; (A.A.N.); (L.M.M.M.)
| | - Guilherme Henrique Tamarindo
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-100, SP, Brazil;
| | - Luryan Mikaelly Minotti Melo
- Institute of Health Science (ICS), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop 78550-728, MT, Brazil; (A.A.N.); (L.M.M.M.)
| | - Beatriz Castilho Balieiro
- Molecular Investigation of Cancer Laboratory (MICL), Department of Molecular Biology, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto/(FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Daniela Nóbrega
- Pat Animal Laboratory, São José do Rio Preto 15070-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Gislaine dos Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphophysiology and Development (LMMD/ZMV), University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (G.d.S.); (S.F.S.)
| | - Schaienni Fontoura Saldanha
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphophysiology and Development (LMMD/ZMV), University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil; (G.d.S.); (S.F.S.)
| | - Fabiana Ferreira de Souza
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil;
| | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP—São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil;
| | - Shay Bracha
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Debora Aparecida Pires de Campos Zuccari
- Molecular Investigation of Cancer Laboratory (MICL), Department of Molecular Biology, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto/(FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil;
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Zhao Y, Shen H, Wu J, Yu J, Yuan Y, Zhong C. Discovery, identification and mechanism of chemosensitivity-relate biomarker inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 in metastatic colorectal cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33571. [PMID: 39040328 PMCID: PMC11260961 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Predictive biomarkers of response to chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) are needed to better characterize tumors and enable more tailored therapies. Here we used serum proteomics to screen for chemotherapy predictive markers. We found that higher baseline serum inter-α-trypsin inhibitor Heavy Chain 4 (ITIH4) expression in newly diagnosed mCRC patients was associated with poorer response to standard first-line chemotherapy. In addition, the higher expression of ITIH4 in CRC tissue also suggested poorer prognosis mCRC patients. Moreover, the overexpression of ITIH4 could promote the proliferation of CRC cells and reduce the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by inhibiting apoptosis in vivo and vitro. Through RNA-seq combined with bioinformatics analysis, we speculated that ITIH4 may activate phosphatidyl 3-kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K-AKT) pathway to inhibit apoptosis, thereby reducing the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU. In conclusion, our findings unveil that ITIH4 is associated with CRC resistance to 5-FU, and may serve as a potential predictive biomarker for the sensitivity of advanced CRC patients to standard first-line chemotherapy regimens, and also provide a potential therapeutic target to render 5-FU resistance in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Institute of Microanalytical System Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jiekai Yu
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for CANCER, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Chenhan Zhong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
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Akkour K, Alanazi IO, Alfadda AA, Masood A, Alhalal H, Joy SS, Bassi A, Alshehri E, Alwehaibi MA, Arafah M, Benabdelkamel H. Plasma-based proteomic profiling identifies the distinct regulation of proteins in hyperplasia and endometrial cancer. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:752. [PMID: 38902713 PMCID: PMC11191338 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12522-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among gynaecological malignancies, endometrial cancer (EC) is the most prevalent type of uterine cancer affecting women. This study explored the proteomic profiles of plasma samples obtained from EC patients, those with hyperplasia (Hy), and a control group (CO). A combination of techniques, such as 2D-DIGE, mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics, including pathway analysis, was used to identify proteins with modified expression levels, biomarkers and their associated metabolic pathways in these groups. METHODS Thirty-four patients, categorized into three groups-10 with EC, 12 with Hy, and 12 CO-between the ages of 46 and 75 years old were included in the study. Untargeted proteomic analysis was carried out using two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). RESULTS In all three groups, 114 proteins that were significantly (p ≤ 0.05 and fold change ≥ 1.5) altered were successfully identified using peptide mass fingerprints (PMFs). Compared with those in the control group (CO), the EC samples had 85 differentially expressed proteins (39 upregulated and 46 downregulated), and in the Hy group, 81 proteins were dysregulated (40 upregulated and 41 downregulated) compared to those in the CO group, while 33 proteins exhibited differential regulation (12 upregulated and 21 downregulated) in the EC plasma samples compared to those in the Hy group. Vitamin D binding protein and complement C3 distinguished Hy and EC from CO with the greatest changes in expression. Among the differentially expressed proteins identified, enzymes with catalytic activity represented the largest group (42.9%). In terms of biological processes, most of the proteins were involved in cellular processes (28.8%), followed by metabolic processes (16.7%). STRING analysis for protein interactions revealed that the significantly differentially abundant proteins in the three groups are involved in three main biological processes: signalling of complement and coagulation cascades, regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) transport and uptake by insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), and plasma lipoprotein assembly, remodelling, and clearance. CONCLUSION The identified plasma protein markers have the potential to serve as biomarkers for differentiating between EC and Hy, as well as for early diagnosis and monitoring of cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Akkour
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim O Alanazi
- Healthy Aging Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Health Sector, Riyadh, 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assim A Alfadda
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afshan Masood
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Alhalal
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salini Scaria Joy
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
- Strategic Center for Diabetes Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Bassi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Alshehri
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moudi A Alwehaibi
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Arafah
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hicham Benabdelkamel
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia.
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Gonzalez-Martin R, de Castro P, Fernandez C, Quintana F, Quiñonero A, Ferrando M, Dominguez F. Proteomic Profiling Identifies Candidate Diagnostic Biomarkers of Hydrosalpinx in Endometrial Fluid: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:968. [PMID: 38256043 PMCID: PMC10816103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrosalpinx is a fluid occlusion and distension of the fallopian tubes, often resulting from pelvic inflammatory disease, which reduces the success of artificial reproductive technologies (ARTs) by 50%. Tubal factors account for approximately 25% of infertility cases, but their underlying molecular mechanisms and functional impact on other reproductive tissues remain poorly understood. This proteomic profiling study applied sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS) to study hydrosalpinx cyst fluid and pre- and post-salpingectomy endometrial fluid. Among the 967 proteins identified, we found 19 and 17 candidate biomarkers for hydrosalpinx in pre- and post-salpingectomy endometrial fluid, respectively. Salpingectomy significantly affected 76 endometrial proteins, providing insights into the enhanced immune response and inflammation present prior to intervention, and enhanced coagulation cascades and wound healing processes occurring one month after intervention. These findings confirmed that salpingectomy reverses the hydrosalpinx-related functional impairments in the endometrium and set a foundation for further biomarker validation and the development of less-invasive diagnostic strategies for hydrosalpinx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gonzalez-Martin
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (R.G.-M.); (P.d.C.); (A.Q.)
| | - Pedro de Castro
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (R.G.-M.); (P.d.C.); (A.Q.)
| | - Carmen Fernandez
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI-RMA Bilbao, 48940 Bizkaia, Spain; (C.F.); (F.Q.); (M.F.)
| | - Fernando Quintana
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI-RMA Bilbao, 48940 Bizkaia, Spain; (C.F.); (F.Q.); (M.F.)
| | - Alicia Quiñonero
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (R.G.-M.); (P.d.C.); (A.Q.)
| | - Marcos Ferrando
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI-RMA Bilbao, 48940 Bizkaia, Spain; (C.F.); (F.Q.); (M.F.)
| | - Francisco Dominguez
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain; (R.G.-M.); (P.d.C.); (A.Q.)
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Identification of substrates of MBL Associated Serine Protease-1 (MASP-1) from human plasma using N-terminomics strategy. Mol Immunol 2022; 151:114-125. [PMID: 36126499 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
MBL Associated Serine Protease-1 (MASP-1) is an abundant enzyme of the lectin complement pathway. MASP-1 cleaves numerous substrates like MASP-2, MASP-3, C2, C3i, fibrinogen, FXIII and prothrombin. It has thrombin-like specificity and can cleave thrombin substrates. Owing to its high concentration and relaxed substrate specificity, MASP-1 has substrates outside the complement system and can influence other proteolytic cascades and physiological processes. The unidentified substrates may assist us to ascertain the role(s) of MASP-1. In this study, we used a high-throughput N-terminomics method to identify substrates of MASP-1 from human plasma. We have identified 35 putative substrates of MASP-1. Among the identified proteins, alpha 2-antiplasmin, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, antithrombin III, and siglec-6 were demonstrated to be cleaved by MASP-1. We have discussed the physiological relevance of cleavage of these substrates by MASP-1. The expression of Siglec-6 and MASP-1 has been reported in the B cells. Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein cleavage by MASP-1 may occur in the acute phase as it is known to be an inhibitor of platelet aggregation, whereas MASP-1 triggers platelet aggregation. The cleavage alpha2 antiplasmin by MASP-1 implies that MASP-1 may be promoting plasmin-mediated fibrinolysis. Our study supports that MASP-1 may be implicated in thrombosis as well as thrombolysis.
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Sun Y, Jin J, Jing H, Lu Y, Zhu Q, Shu C, Zhang Q, Jing D. ITIH4 is a novel serum biomarker for early gastric cancer diagnosis. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 523:365-373. [PMID: 34687700 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most lethal forms of cancer due to the absence of tools for its early detection. Here, we explored critical biomarkers for early diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Key biomarkers in serum from patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) and healthy controls (HCs) were identified via mass spectrometry and the expression of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) was evaluated using several methods. Furthermore, ITIH4 expression in sera and exosomes from patients with EGC, advanced GC (AGC), low grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGN), chronic superficial gastritis with Helicobacter pylori infection (Hpi), other systemic malignant tumors (OSTs), and healthy controls was also evaluated. RESULTS ITIH4 was identified as a key biomarker in patients with EGC. Its expression level in serum from the EGC group, which showed the highest specificity (94.44%), was significantly higher than those in sera from other GC groups as well as the control. Western blot analysis, immunohistochemical staining, and exosome analysis also confirmed ITIH4 expression in sera from patients with GC, but not in those from healthy individual. CONCLUSION ITIH4 is a key biomarker in serum from patients with EGC and has potential as a high value diagnostic marker for EGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Hongyan Jing
- Department of Pathology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Changjuan Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dadao Jing
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
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van der Plas MJA, Cai J, Petrlova J, Saleh K, Kjellström S, Schmidtchen A. Method development and characterisation of the low-molecular-weight peptidome of human wound fluids. eLife 2021; 10:e66876. [PMID: 34227939 PMCID: PMC8260221 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The normal wound healing process is characterised by proteolytic events, whereas infection results in dysfunctional activations by endogenous and bacterial proteases. Peptides, downstream reporters of these proteolytic actions, could therefore serve as a promising tool for diagnosis of wounds. Using mass-spectrometry analyses, we here for the first time characterise the peptidome of human wound fluids. Sterile post-surgical wound fluids were found to contain a high degree of peptides in comparison to human plasma. Analyses of the peptidome from uninfected healing wounds and Staphylococcus aureus -infected wounds identify unique peptide patterns of various proteins, including coagulation and complement factors, proteases, and antiproteinases. Together, the work defines a workflow for analysis of peptides derived from wound fluids and demonstrates a proof-of-concept that such fluids can be used for analysis of qualitative differences of peptide patterns from larger patient cohorts, providing potential biomarkers for wound healing and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariena JA van der Plas
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund UniversityLundSweden
- LEO Foundation Center for Cutaneous Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jun Cai
- LEO Foundation Center for Cutaneous Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jitka Petrlova
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Karim Saleh
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund UniversityLundSweden
- Dermatology, Skane University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Sven Kjellström
- Division of Mass Spectrometry, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Artur Schmidtchen
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund UniversityLundSweden
- Dermatology, Skane University HospitalLundSweden
- Copenhagen Wound Healing Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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Lin L, Zheng J, Zheng F, Cai Z, Yu Q. Advancing serum peptidomic profiling by data-independent acquisition for clear-cell renal cell carcinoma detection and biomarker discovery. J Proteomics 2020; 215:103671. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: Strategy to develop clinical peptide biomarkers for more accurate evaluation of the pathophysiological status of this syndrome. Adv Clin Chem 2019; 94:1-30. [PMID: 31952570 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) is the most common and widely known as serious complication of pregnancy. As this syndrome is a major leading cause of maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity/mortality worldwide, many studies have sought to identify candidate molecules as potential disease biomarkers (DBMs) for use in clinical examinations. Accumulating evidence over the past 2 decades that the many proteolytic peptides appear in human humoral fluids, including peripheral blood, in association with an individual's health condition. This review provides the potential utility of peptidomic analysis for monitoring for pathophysiological status in HDP, and presents an overview of current status of peptide quantification technology. Especially, the technical limitations of the methods used for DBM discovery in the blood are discussed.
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Guo L, Ren H, Zeng H, Gong Y, Ma X. Proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients: a pilot study. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3859-3868. [PMID: 31190885 PMCID: PMC6527054 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s193616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Involvement of central nervous system in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (CNSL) remains one of the major causes of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment failure. However, the current understanding of the pathological process of CNSL is still limited. This study aimed to better understand the protein expression in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of ALL and discover valuable prognostic biomarkers. Materials and methods CSF samples were obtained from ALL patients and healthy controls. Comparative proteomic profiling using label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was performed to detect differentially expressed proteins. Results In the present study, 51 differentially expressed proteins were found. Among them, two core clusters including ten proteins (TIMP1, LGALS3BP, A2M, FN1, AHSG, HRG, ITIH4, CF I, C2, and C4a) might be crucial for tumorigenesis and progression of ALL and can be potentially valuable indicators of CNSL. Conclusion These differentially expressed proteins of ALL children with central nervous system involvement and normal children may work as diagnostic and prognostic factors of ALL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghong Guo
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China, .,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghong Ren
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zeng
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China,
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Huang M, Zhang W, Zhao B, Li L. Relationship between inter- α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 and ovarian cancer. Chin J Cancer Res 2019; 31:955-964. [PMID: 31949397 PMCID: PMC6955170 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2019.06.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) protein is involved in the development of tumors. However, the relationship between ITIH4 and ovarian cancer (OC) has not been extensively examined. This study aimed to explore the effect of ITIH4 on OC and to identify its underlying mechanism. Methods Expressions of ITIH4 in OC tissues and cells were determined using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blots. The function of ITIH4 in the OC cell line HO8910pm was tested via ITIH4 knockdown. The cell growth rate was measured using MTT and colony formation assays. Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate cell cycle progression. Cell migration and invasion abilities were observed using the transwell migration assay. Results ITIH4 was downregulated in OC tissues and cells. ITIH4 knockdown promoted cell growth and cell cycle progression. Consistent with these results, inhibition of ITIH4 in OC cells significantly increased cell migration and invasion abilities. Cox regression analysis suggests that ITIH4 expression alone is not a good predictor of the prognosis of malignant ovarian tumors in patients. Conclusions ITIH4 inhibits the progression of OC, suggesting that ITIH4 may be a useful biomarker for OC. This study may provide a potential novel target for the treatment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.,Department of Gynecologic and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin 541100, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Bingbing Zhao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory for High-incidence-tumor Prevention and Treatment, Nanning 530021, China
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13
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Núñez C. Blood-based protein biomarkers in breast cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 490:113-127. [PMID: 30597138 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is a significant healthcare problem on women worldwide. Thus, early detection is very important to reduce mortality. Furthermore, better BCa prognosis could improve selection of patients eligible for adjuvant therapy. New markers for early diagnosis, accurate prognosis and prediction of response to treatment are necessary to improve BCa care. The present review summarizes important aspects of the potential usefulness of modern technologies, strategies, and scientific findings in proteomic research for discovery of breast cancer-associated blood-based protein biomarkers in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Núñez
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 27002 Lugo, Spain.
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14
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Novel circulating peptide biomarkers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma revealed by a magnetic bead-based MALDI-TOFMS assay. Oncotarget 2018; 7:23569-80. [PMID: 26993605 PMCID: PMC5029648 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms worldwide. Patients are often diagnosed at advanced stages with poor prognosis due to the absence of obvious early symptoms. Here, we applied a high-throughput serum peptidome analysis to identify circulating peptide markers of ESCC. Weak cationic exchange magnetic beads coupled to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used for two-stage proteotypic peptide profiling in complex serum samples collected from 477 cancer patients and healthy controls. We established a genetic algorithm model containing three significantly differentially expressed peptides at 1,925.5, 2,950.6 and 5,900.0 Da with a sensitivity and specificity of 97.00% and 95.92% in the training set and 97.03% and 100.00% in the validation set, respectively. The model's diagnostic capability was significantly better than SCC-Ag and Cyfra 21-1, especially for early stage ESCC, with an achieved sensitivity of 96.94%. Subsequently, these peptides were identified as fragments of AHSG, TSP1 and FGA by linear ion trap-orbitrap hybrid tandem mass spectrometry. Notably, increased tissue and serum levels of TSP1 in ESCC were verified and correlated with disease progression. In addition, tissue TSP1 was an independent poor prognostic factor in ESCC. In conclusion, the newly established circulating peptide panel and identified proteins could serve as potential biomarkers for the early detection and diagnosis of ESCC. Nevertheless, a larger cohort will be required for further unequivocal validation of their clinical application.
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15
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MALDI-TOF-MS analysis in discovery and identification of serum proteomic patterns of ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:472. [PMID: 28683725 PMCID: PMC5501370 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3467-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to high mortality and lack of efficient screening, new tools for ovarian cancer (OC) diagnosis are urgently needed. To broaden the knowledge on the pathological processes that occur during ovarian cancer tumorigenesis, protein-peptide profiling was proposed. Methods Serum proteomic patterns in samples from OC patients were obtained using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). Eighty nine serum samples (44 ovarian cancer and 45 healthy controls) were pretreated using solid-phase extraction method. Next, a classification model with the most discriminative factors was identified using chemometric algorithms. Finally, the results were verified by external validation on an independent test set of samples. Results Main outcome of this study was an identification of potential OC biomarkers by applying liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Application of this novel strategy enabled the identification of four potential OC serum biomarkers (complement C3, kininogen-1, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4, and transthyretin). The role of these proteins was discussed in relation to OC pathomechanism. Conclusions The study results may contribute to the development of clinically useful multi-component diagnostic tools in OC. In addition, identifying a novel panel of discriminative proteins could provide a new insight into complex signaling and functional networks associated with this multifactorial disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3467-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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16
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Pijuan-Galitó S, Tamm C, Schuster J, Sobol M, Forsberg L, Merry CLR, Annerén C. Human serum-derived protein removes the need for coating in defined human pluripotent stem cell culture. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12170. [PMID: 27405751 PMCID: PMC4947164 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Reliable, scalable and time-efficient culture methods are required to fully realize the clinical and industrial applications of human pluripotent stem (hPS) cells. Here we present a completely defined, xeno-free medium that supports long-term propagation of hPS cells on uncoated tissue culture plastic. The medium consists of the Essential 8 (E8) formulation supplemented with inter-α-inhibitor (IαI), a human serum-derived protein, recently demonstrated to activate key pluripotency pathways in mouse PS cells. IαI efficiently induces attachment and long-term growth of both embryonic and induced hPS cell lines when added as a soluble protein to the medium at seeding. IαI supplementation efficiently supports adaptation of feeder-dependent hPS cells to xeno-free conditions, clonal growth as well as single-cell survival in the absence of Rho-associated kinase inhibitor (ROCKi). This time-efficient and simplified culture method paves the way for large-scale, high-throughput hPS cell culture, and will be valuable for both basic research and commercial applications. Improved culture methods are needed to reliably grow human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) on a large scale. Here, the authors identify a xeno-free medium with a supplement of Inter-α-inhibitor that supports long-term propagation and improved single-cell passaging of hPSCs on uncoated plastic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pijuan-Galitó
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christoffer Tamm
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jens Schuster
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Box 815, Uppsala University, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Sobol
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Box 815, Uppsala University, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Forsberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Box 815, Uppsala University, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Catherine L R Merry
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.,Stem Cell Glycobiology Group, Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering &Modelling Room A59, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD Nottingham, UK
| | - Cecilia Annerén
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.,GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences AB, Björkgatan 30, 751 84 Uppsala, Sweden
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17
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Sabbagh B, Mindt S, Neumaier M, Findeisen P. Clinical applications of MS-based protein quantification. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:323-45. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bassel Sabbagh
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry; Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg; University Hospital Mannheim; Mannheim Germany
| | - Sonani Mindt
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry; Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg; University Hospital Mannheim; Mannheim Germany
| | - Michael Neumaier
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry; Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg; University Hospital Mannheim; Mannheim Germany
| | - Peter Findeisen
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry; Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg; University Hospital Mannheim; Mannheim Germany
- MVZ Labor Dr. Limbach und Kollegen; Heidelberg Germany
- Working Group Proteomics of the German United Society for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine e.V. (DGKL); Bonn Germany
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18
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Combination of Antiestrogens and Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Breast Cancer Prevention. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:638645. [PMID: 26339626 PMCID: PMC4538406 DOI: 10.1155/2015/638645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The molecular and biological heterogeneity of human breast cancer emphasizes the importance of a multitargeted approach for effective chemoprevention. Targeting the estrogen receptor pathway alone with the antiestrogens, Tamoxifen and Raloxifene reduces the incidence of estrogen receptor positive tumors but is ineffective against the development of hormone independent cancers. Our preclinical data indicate that the administration of omega-3 fatty acids potentiates the antitumor effects of Tamoxifen by inhibiting multiple proliferative and antiapoptotic pathways, several of which interact with estrogen receptor signaling. The complementarity in the mechanism of antitumor action of Tamoxifen and omega-3 fatty acids is well supported by our signaling, genomic, and proteomic studies. Furthermore, administration of omega-3 fatty acids allows the use of lower and, hence, likely less toxic doses of Tamoxifen. If these findings are supported in the clinical setting, the combination of omega-3 fatty acids and anteistrogens may emerge as a promising, effective, and safe chemopreventive strategy to be tested in a large multi-institutional trial using breast cancer incidence as the primary endpoint.
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19
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Husi H, Skipworth RJE, Cronshaw A, Stephens NA, Wackerhage H, Greig C, Fearon KCH, Ross JA. Programmed cell death 6 interacting protein (PDCD6IP) and Rabenosyn-5 (ZFYVE20) are potential urinary biomarkers for upper gastrointestinal cancer. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 9:586-96. [PMID: 25644331 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer of the upper digestive tract (uGI) is a major contributor to cancer-related death worldwide. Due to a rise in occurrence, together with poor survival rates and a lack of diagnostic or prognostic clinical assays, there is a clear need to establish molecular biomarkers. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Initial assessment was performed on urine samples from 60 control and 60 uGI cancer patients using MS to establish a peak pattern or fingerprint model, which was validated by a further set of 59 samples. RESULTS We detected 86 cluster peaks by MS above frequency and detection thresholds. Statistical testing and model building resulted in a peak profiling model of five relevant peaks with 88% overall sensitivity and 91% specificity, and overall correctness of 90%. High-resolution MS of 40 samples in the 2-10 kDa range resulted in 646 identified proteins, and pattern matching identified four of the five model peaks within significant parameters, namely programmed cell death 6 interacting protein (PDCD6IP/Alix/AIP1), Rabenosyn-5 (ZFYVE20), protein S100A8, and protein S100A9, of which the first two were validated by Western blotting. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE We demonstrate that MS analysis of human urine can identify lead biomarker candidates in uGI cancers, which makes this technique potentially useful in defining and consolidating biomarker patterns for uGI cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Husi
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Andrew Cronshaw
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Carolyn Greig
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - James A Ross
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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20
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Subbannayya Y, Mir SA, Renuse S, Manda SS, Pinto SM, Puttamallesh VN, Solanki HS, Manju HC, Syed N, Sharma R, Christopher R, Vijayakumar M, Veerendra Kumar KV, Keshava Prasad TS, Ramaswamy G, Kumar RV, Chatterjee A, Pandey A, Gowda H. Identification of differentially expressed serum proteins in gastric adenocarcinoma. J Proteomics 2015; 127:80-8. [PMID: 25952687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Gastric adenocarcinoma is an aggressive cancer with poor prognosis. Blood based biomarkers of gastric cancer have the potential to improve diagnosis and monitoring of these tumors. Proteins that show altered levels in the circulation of gastric cancer patients could prove useful as putative biomarkers. We used an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic approach to identify proteins that show altered levels in the sera of patients with gastric cancer. Our study resulted in identification of 643 proteins, of which 48 proteins showed increased levels and 11 proteins showed decreased levels in serum from gastric cancer patients compared to age and sex matched healthy controls. Proteins that showed increased expression in gastric cancer included inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITIH4), Mannose-binding protein C (MBL2), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), serum amyloid A protein (SAA1), Orosomucoid 1 (ORM1) and extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (SOD3). We used multiple reaction monitoring assays and validated elevated levels of ITIH4 and SAA1 proteins in serum from gastric cancer patients. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Gastric cancer is a highly aggressive cancer associated with high mortality. Serum-based biomarkers are of considerable interest in diagnosis and monitoring of various diseases including cancers. Gastric cancer is often diagnosed at advanced stages resulting in poor prognosis and high mortality. Pathological diagnosis using biopsy specimens remains the gold standard for diagnosis of gastric cancer. Serum-based biomarkers are of considerable importance as they are minimally invasive. In this study, we carried out quantitative proteomic profiling of serum from gastric cancer patients to identify proteins that show altered levels in gastric cancer patients. We identified more than 50 proteins that showed altered levels in gastric cancer patient sera. Validation in a large cohort of well classified patient samples would prove useful in identifying novel blood based biomarkers for gastric cancers. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteomics in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashwanth Subbannayya
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India; Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore 560041, Karnataka, India; Department of Biochemistry, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Sartaj Ahmad Mir
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India; Manipal University, Manipal 576 104, Karnataka, India
| | - Santosh Renuse
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India; School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam 690525, India
| | - Srikanth S Manda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India; Centre of Excellence in Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Sneha M Pinto
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India; Manipal University, Manipal 576 104, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - H C Manju
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India
| | - Nazia Syed
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Rita Christopher
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - M Vijayakumar
- Department of Surgery, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - K V Veerendra Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - T S Keshava Prasad
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India
| | - Girija Ramaswamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Rekha V Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India.
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21
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Chandler KB, Brnakova Z, Sanda M, Wang S, Stalnaker SH, Bridger R, Zhao P, Wells L, Edwards NJ, Goldman R. Site-specific glycan microheterogeneity of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:3314-29. [PMID: 24884609 PMCID: PMC4084840 DOI: 10.1021/pr500394z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITIH4) is a 120 kDa acute-phase glycoprotein produced primarily in the liver, secreted into the blood, and identified in serum. ITIH4 is involved in liver development and stabilization of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and its expression is altered in liver disease. In this study, we aimed to characterize glycosylation of recombinant and serum-derived ITIH4 using analytical mass spectrometry. Recombinant ITIH4 was analyzed to optimize glycopeptide analyses, followed by serum-derived ITIH4. First, we confirmed that the four ITIH4 N-X-S/T sequons (N81, N207, N517, and N577) were glycosylated by treating ITIH4 tryptic/GluC glycopeptides with PNGaseF in the presence of (18)O water. Next, we performed glycosidase-assisted LC-MS/MS analysis of ITIH4 trypsin-GluC glycopeptides enriched via hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography to characterize ITIH4 N-glycoforms. While microheterogeneity of N-glycoforms differed between ITIH4 protein expressed in HEK293 cells and protein isolated from serum, occupancy of N-glycosylation sites did not differ. A fifth N-glycosylation site was discovered at N274 with the rare nonconsensus NVV motif. Site N274 contained high-mannose N-linked glycans in both serum and recombinant ITIH4. We also identified isoform-specific ITIH4 O-glycoforms and documented that utilization of O-glycosylation sites on ITIH4 differed between the cell line and serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Brown Chandler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University , Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
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22
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Yepes D, Costina V, Pilz LR, Hofheinz R, Neumaier M, Findeisen P. Multiplex profiling of tumor-associated proteolytic activity in serum of colorectal cancer patients. Proteomics Clin Appl 2014; 8:308-16. [PMID: 24616428 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201300103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The monitoring of tumor-associated protease activity in blood specimens has recently been proposed as new diagnostic tool in cancer research. In this paper, we describe the screening of a peptide library for identification of reporter peptides (RPs) that are selectively cleaved in serum specimens from colorectal cancer patients and investigate the benefits of RP multiplexing. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A library of 144 RPs was constructed that contained amino acid sequences of abundant plasma proteins. Proteolytic cleavage of RPs was monitored with MS. Five RPs that were selectively cleaved in serum specimens from tumor patients were selected for further validation in serum specimens of colorectal tumor patients (n = 30) and nonmalignant controls (n = 60). RESULTS RP spiking and subsequent quantification of proteolytic fragments with LC-MS showed good reproducibility with CVs always below 26%. The linear discriminant analysis and PCA revealed that a combination of RPs for diagnostic classification is superior to single markers. Classification accuracy reached 88% (79/90) when all five markers were combined. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Functional protease profiling with RPs might improve the laboratory-based diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis of malignant disease, and has to be evaluated thoroughly in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Yepes
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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23
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An J, Tang C, Wang N, Liu Y, Guo W, Li X, Wang Z, He K, Liu X. [Preliminary study of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry-based screening of patients with the NSCLC serum-specific peptides]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2014; 16:233-9. [PMID: 23676979 PMCID: PMC6000603 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2013.05.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
背景与目的 早期诊断是提高肺癌生存率的关键,传统的肺癌诊断技术仍存在一定局限性。鉴于近年来以质谱为核心技术的肿瘤蛋白组学在癌症诊断方面的初步研究,本研究探索性应用基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry, MALDI-TOF-MS)分析非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)患者和健康人群的血清差异多肽,以建立NSCLC的血清分类模型。 方法 将年龄和性别匹配的133例NSCLC患者和132例健康者血清标本按照3:1的比例随机分为两组:训练组由100例NSCLC患者和100例健康者血清标本组成,用以建立分类模型;测试组由33例NSCLC患者和32例健康者血清标本组成,用以验证模型。采用铜离子鳌合纳米磁珠提取血清多肽、MALDI-TOF-MS技术检测得到质谱图。ClinProToolsTM统计软件分析训练组NSCLC患者与健康者之间的多肽图谱,从中筛选出一组差异多肽并建立分类模型,最后用测试组对模型进行盲样验证。 结果 在训练组中观察到血清质荷比(m/z)在1, 000 Da-10, 000 Da范围内有131个差异多肽信号峰,在此范围内共得到14个有统计学意义的差异多肽峰(P < 0.000, 001; AUC≥0.9),其中NSCLC患者与健康者相比,表达上调的多肽有2个,表达下调的有12个,由统计软件筛选出3个多肽峰(7, 478.59 Da、2, 271.44 Da、4, 468.38 Da)建立分类模型,然后对测试组进行验证,其盲样验证敏感性100%,特异性96.9%,准确率98.5%。 结论 本组研究显示NSCLC患者与健康人群的血清多肽存在差异,应用MALDI-TOF-MS技术可建立NSCLC的血清多肽分类模型且小规模验证具有较好的敏感性和特异性,希望大规模验证模型,并与传统诊断方法对照或结合,进而尝试建立一种新的NSCLC早期诊断模式。
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan An
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
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24
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Araki Y, Nonaka D, Hamamura K, Yanagida M, Ishikawa H, Banzai M, Maruyama M, Endo S, Tajima A, Lee LJ, Nojima M, Takamori K, Yoshida K, Takeda S, Tanaka K. Clinical peptidomic analysis by a one-step direct transfer technology: Its potential utility for monitoring of pathophysiological status in female reproductive system disorders. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2013; 39:1440-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jog.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Araki
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-specific Medicine; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Daisuke Nonaka
- Membrane Protein and Ligand Analysis Center; Protosera Inc; Hyogo Japan
| | - Kensuke Hamamura
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-specific Medicine; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Yanagida
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-specific Medicine; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishikawa
- Department of Health Information Management; Yamagata Saisei Hospital; Yamagata Japan
| | - Michio Banzai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Yamagata Saisei Hospital; Yamagata Japan
| | - Mayuko Maruyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital; Chiba Japan
| | - Shuichiro Endo
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-specific Medicine; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Atsushi Tajima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital; Chiba Japan
| | - Lyang-Ja Lee
- Membrane Protein and Ligand Analysis Center; Protosera Inc; Hyogo Japan
| | - Michio Nojima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital; Chiba Japan
| | - Kenji Takamori
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-specific Medicine; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba Japan
| | - Koyo Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital; Chiba Japan
| | - Satoru Takeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kenji Tanaka
- Membrane Protein and Ligand Analysis Center; Protosera Inc; Hyogo Japan
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Skibinski CG, Thompson HJ, Das A, Manni A, Bortner JD, Stanley A, Stanley BA, El-Bayoumy K. Proteomic Changes Induced by Effective Chemopreventive Ratios of n-3:n-6 Fatty Acids and Tamoxifen against MNU-Induced Mammary Cancer in the Rat. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013; 6:979-88. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Seifert G, Seifert M, Wittel UA. Searching for the common denominator of systemic inflammation and tumor invasion in the cases of bikunin and the inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chains. J Surg Res 2013; 183:983. [PMID: 23726432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Findeisen P, Costina V, Yepes D, Hofheinz R, Neumaier M. Functional protease profiling with reporter peptides in serum specimens of colorectal cancer patients: demonstration of its routine diagnostic applicability. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2012; 31:56. [PMID: 22682081 PMCID: PMC3780806 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-31-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background The progression of many solid tumors is characterized by the release of tumor-associated proteases and the detection of tumor specific proteolytic activity in serum specimens is a promising diagnostic tool in oncology. Here we describe a mass spectrometry-based functional proteomic profiling approach that tracks the ex-vivo degradation of a synthetic endoprotease substrate in serum specimens of colorectal tumor patients. Methods A reporter peptide (RP) with the amino acid sequence WKPYDAAD was synthesized that has a known cleavage site for the cysteine-endopeptidase cancer procoagulant (EC 3.4.22.26). The RP was added to serum specimens from colorectal cancer patients (n = 30), inflammatory controls (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 30) and incubated under strictly standardized conditions. The proteolytic fragment of the RP was quantified with liquid chromatography / mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Results RP-spiking showed good intra- and inter-day reproducibility with coefficients of variation (CVs) that did not exceed a value of 10%. The calibration curve for the anchor peptide was linear in the concentration range of 0.4 – 50 μmol/L. The median concentration of the RP-fragment in serum specimens from tumor patients (TU: 17.6 μmol/L, SD 9.0) was significantly higher when compared to non-malignant inflammatory controls (IC: 11.1 μmol/L, SD 6.1) and healthy controls (HC: 10.3 μmol/L, SD 3.1). Highest area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) values were seen for discrimination of TU versus HC (0.89) followed by TU versus IC (0.77). IC and HC could barely be separated indicated by an AUROC value of 0.57. The proteolytic activity towards the RP was conserved in serum specimens that were kept at room temperature for up to 24 hours prior to the analysis. Conclusion The proteolytic cleavage of reporter peptides is a surrogate marker for tumor associated proteolytic activity in serum specimens of cancer patients. A simple, robust and highly reproducible LC/MS method has been developed that allows the quantification of proteolytic fragments in serum specimens. The preanalytical impact of sample handling is minimal as the tumor-associated proteolytic activity towards the reporter peptide is stable for at least up to 24 h. Taken together, the functional protease profiling shows characteristics that are in line with routinely performed diagnostic assays. Further work will focus on the identification of additional reporter peptides for the construction of a multiplex assay to increase diagnostic accuracy of the functional protease profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Findeisen
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, Mannheim, Germany.
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Sharanova NE, Vasiliev AV, Gapparov MMG. Peculiarities of rat serum proteome profile in metabolic stress. Bull Exp Biol Med 2012; 152:717-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-012-1614-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lenco J, Lan R, Edwards N, Goldman R. MS/MS library facilitated MRM quantification of native peptides prepared by denaturing ultrafiltration. Proteome Sci 2012; 10:7. [PMID: 22304756 PMCID: PMC3331852 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-10-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring native peptides provide important information about physiological states of an organism and its changes in disease conditions but protocols and methods for assessing their abundance are not well-developed. In this paper, we describe a simple procedure for the quantification of non-tryptic peptides in body fluids. The workflow includes an enrichment step followed by two-dimensional fractionation of native peptides and MS/MS data management facilitating the design and validation of LC- MRM MS assays. The added value of the workflow is demonstrated in the development of a triplex LC-MRM MS assay used for quantification of peptides potentially associated with the progression of liver disease to hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Lenco
- Georgetown University, Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, 3970 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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Krisp C, Randall SA, McKay MJ, Molloy MP. Towards clinical applications of selected reaction monitoring for plasma protein biomarker studies. Proteomics Clin Appl 2011; 6:42-59. [PMID: 22213646 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The widespread clinical adoption of protein biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic and/or predictive value remains a formidable challenge for the biomedical community. From discovery to validation, the path to biomarkers of clinical relevance abounds with many protein candidates, yet so few concrete examples have been substantiated. In this review, we focus on the recent adoption of selected reaction monitoring (SRM) of plasma proteins in the path to clinical use for a broad range of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disease, genetic disorders and various metabolic disorders. Recent progress reveals a promising outlook for clinical applications using SRM, which now provides the routine analysis of clinically relevant protein markers at low nanogram per millilitre in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Krisp
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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31
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Findeisen P, Neumaier M. Functional protease profiling for diagnosis of malignant disease. Proteomics Clin Appl 2011; 6:60-78. [PMID: 22213637 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201100058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Clinical proteomic profiling by mass spectrometry (MS) aims at uncovering specific alterations within mass profiles of clinical specimens that are of diagnostic value for the detection and classification of various diseases including cancer. However, despite substantial progress in the field, the clinical proteomic profiling approaches have not matured into routine diagnostic applications so far. Their limitations are mainly related to high-abundance proteins and their complex processing by a multitude of endogenous proteases thus making rigorous standardization difficult. MS is biased towards the detection of low-molecular-weight peptides. Specifically, in serum specimens, the particular fragments of proteolytically degraded proteins are amenable to MS analysis. Proteases are known to be involved in tumour progression and tumour-specific proteases are released into the blood stream presumably as a result of invasive progression and metastasis. Thus, the determination of protease activity in clinical specimens from patients with malignant disease can offer diagnostic and also therapeutic options. The identification of specific substrates for tumour proteases in complex biological samples is challenging, but proteomic screens for proteases/substrate interactions are currently experiencing impressive progress. Such proteomic screens include peptide-based libraries, differential isotope labelling in combination with MS, quantitative degradomic analysis of proteolytically generated neo-N-termini, monitoring the degradation of exogenous reporter peptides with MS, and activity-based protein profiling. In the present article, we summarize and discuss the current status of proteomic techniques to identify tumour-specific protease-substrate interactions for functional protease profiling. Thereby, we focus on the potential diagnostic use of the respective approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Findeisen
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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van den Broek I, Sparidans RW, Schellens JHM, Beijnen JH. Specific Investigation of Sample Handling Effects on Protease Activities and Absolute Serum Concentrations of Various Putative Peptidome Cancer Biomarkers. Clin Proteomics 2010; 6:115-127. [PMID: 21124649 PMCID: PMC2970821 DOI: 10.1007/s12014-010-9054-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the search for novel cancer biomarkers, various proteolytically derived peptides have been proposed to exhibit cancer or cancer-type specificity. As these peptides are presumably also generated after sample collection by tumor-specific proteases, extensive investigation of the involved proteolytic processes is crucial for further research. Materials and Methods Using two previously developed and fully validated liquid-chromatography coupled to tandem-mass spectrometry assays, absolute quantification of, in total, 13 proteolytically derived peptides in human serum was accomplished. The analytes included eight peptides derived from inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain-4 (ITIH4-30, ITIH4-29, ITIH4-28, ITIH4-27, ITIH4-26, ITIH4-25, ITIH4-22, and ITIH4-21), bradykinin, des-Arg9-bradykinin, Hyp3-bradykinin, and fragments from fibrinogen-α-chain (Fib-α [605–629]) and complement component 4a (C4a [1337–1350]). Samples were obtained from different healthy individuals and prepared with variable tube types, clotting times, and temperatures. Furthermore, stabilities in the serum fraction were assessed and compared to stabilities in serum from breast cancer patients. Results and Discussion The quantitative analyses showed either increasing or decreasing serum concentrations during blood coagulation, while comparable effects were observed in serum separated from the blood clot. Furthermore, comparisons of inter- and intra-individual variations suggested better reflection of an individual’s protease activity after prolonged ex vivo incubation. This was illustrated for the putative breast cancer marker ITIH4-22, revealing better differentiation after incubation of serum at ambient temperature for 24 h. Conclusion The presented study provides suggestions for more specific and optimized sample preparation, as well as extended knowledge necessary to further explore the opportunities of these proteolytic peptides as cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene van den Broek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Biomedical Analysis, Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, Utrecht, 3584 CA The Netherlands
| | - Rolf W. Sparidans
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Biomedical Analysis, Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, Utrecht, 3584 CA The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. M. Schellens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Biomedical Analysis, Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, Utrecht, 3584 CA The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H. Beijnen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Biomedical Analysis, Division of Drug Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, Utrecht, 3584 CA The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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