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Yang T, Chi Y, Wang X, Xu C, Chen X, Liu Y, Huang S, Zhu X, Zhang H, Zhuo H, Wu D. PRL-mediated STAT5B/ARRB2 pathway promotes the progression of prostate cancer through the activation of MAPK signaling. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:128. [PMID: 38341429 PMCID: PMC10858970 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Previous study showed that higher expression of prolactin (PRL) was found in CRPC samples compared with hormone-naive prostate cancer (HNPC) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) samples. We further investigate the function of PRL in prostate cancer (PCa) and explored its downstream effects. We found heterogeneous expression of the PRLR in clinical prostate samples. The VCaP and 22Rv1 cells exhibited PRLR expression. Among the downstream proteins, STAT5B was the dominant subtype in clinical samples and cell lines. Human recombinant PRL stimulation of PCa cells with PRLR expression resulted in increased phosphorylation of STAT5B(pSTAT5B) and progression of PCa in vitro and in vivo, and STAT5B knockdown can suppress the malignant behavior of PCa. To understand the mechanism further, we performed Bioinformatic analysis, ChIP qPCR, and luciferase reporter gene assay. The results revealed that ARRB2 was the transcription target gene of STAT5B, and higher expression of ARRB2 was related to higher aggression and poorer prognosis of PCa. Additionally, Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that higher expression of ARRB2 was significantly enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) demonstrated elevated pSTAT5B, ARRB2, and pERK1/2 expression levels in CRPC tissues compared to HNPC and BPH. Mechanically, ARRB2 enhanced the activation of the MAPK pathway by binding to ERK1/2, thereby promoting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (pERK1/2). In conclusion, our study demonstrated that PRL stimulation can promote the progression of PCa through STAT5B/ARRB2 pathway and activation of MAPK signaling, which can be suppressed by intervention targeting STAT5B. Blockade of the STAT5B can be a potential therapeutic target for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu/The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongnan Chi
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin'an Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengdang Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengsong Huang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuyou Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhuo
- Department of Urology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu/The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Denglong Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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George N, Bhandari P, Shruptha P, Jayaram P, Chaudhari S, Satyamoorthy K. Multidimensional outlook on the pathophysiology of cervical cancer invasion and metastasis. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2581-2606. [PMID: 36905477 PMCID: PMC10006576 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04686-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer being one of the primary causes of high mortality rates among women is an area of concern, especially with ineffective treatment strategies. Extensive studies are carried out to understand various aspects of cervical cancer initiation, development and progression; however, invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma has poor outcomes. Moreover, the advanced stages of cervical cancer may involve lymphatic circulation with a high risk of tumor recurrence at distant metastatic sites. Dysregulation of the cervical microbiome by human papillomavirus (HPV) together with immune response modulation and the occurrence of novel mutations that trigger genomic instability causes malignant transformation at the cervix. In this review, we focus on the major risk factors as well as the functionally altered signaling pathways promoting the transformation of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia into invasive squamous cell carcinoma. We further elucidate genetic and epigenetic variations to highlight the complexity of causal factors of cervical cancer as well as the metastatic potential due to the changes in immune response, epigenetic regulation, DNA repair capacity, and cell cycle progression. Our bioinformatics analysis on metastatic and non-metastatic cervical cancer datasets identified various significantly and differentially expressed genes as well as the downregulation of potential tumor suppressor microRNA miR-28-5p. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the genomic landscape in invasive and metastatic cervical cancer will help in stratifying the patient groups and designing potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neena George
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Poonam Bhandari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Padival Shruptha
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Pradyumna Jayaram
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Sima Chaudhari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Li H, Xu H, Guo H, Du K, Chen D. Integrative analysis illustrates the role of PCDH7 in lung cancer development, cisplatin resistance, and immunotherapy resistance: an underlying target. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1217213. [PMID: 37538171 PMCID: PMC10394841 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1217213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cisplatin resistance is a common clinical problem in lung cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated, highlighting the importance of searching for biological targets. Methods: Bioinformatics analysis is completed through downloaded public data (GSE21656, GSE108214, and TCGA) and specific R packages. The evaluation of cell proliferation ability is completed through CCK8 assay, colony formation, and EdU assay. The evaluation of cell invasion and migration ability is completed through transwell and wound-healing assays. In addition, we evaluated cell cisplatin sensitivity by calculating IC50. Results: Here, we found that PCDH7 may be involved in cisplatin resistance in lung cancer through public database analysis (GSE21656 and GSE108214). Then, a series of in vitro experiments was performed, which verified the cancer-promoting role of PCDH7 in NSCLC. Moreover, the results of IC50 detection showed that PCDH7 might be associated with cisplatin resistance of NSCLC. Next, we investigated the single-cell pattern, biological function, and immune analysis of PCDH7. Importantly, we noticed PCDH7 may regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition activity, and the local infiltration of CD8+ T and activated NK cells. Furthermore, we noticed that patients with high PCDH7 expression might be more sensitive to bortezomib, docetaxel, and gemcitabine, and resistant to immunotherapy. Finally, a prognosis model based on three PCDH7-derived genes (GPX8, BCAR3, and TNS4) was constructed through a machine learning algorithm, which has good prediction ability on NSCLC patients' survival. Conclusion: Our research has improved the regulatory framework for cisplatin resistance in NSCLC and can provide direction for subsequent related research, especially regarding PCDH7.
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Liu Z, Xu Y, Liu X, Wang B. PCDH7 knockdown potentiates colon cancer cells to chemotherapy via inducing ferroptosis and changes in autophagy through restraining MEK1/2/ERK/c-Fos axis. Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 100:445-457. [PMID: 35926236 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2021-0513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a commonly utilized treatment strategy for colon cancer, a prevalent malignancy. The study intends to probe the function and mechanism of protocadherin 7 (PCDH7) in colon cancer. Gain or loss of functional assays of PCDH7 was performed. MTT and colony formation assay monitored cell proliferation. Transwell measured migration and invasion. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot verified the profiles of PCDH7 and the MEK1/2/ERK/c-FOS pathway. Western blot was implemented to confirm the profiles of PP1α, MLC2, and p-MLC2 for evaluating the impact of PCDH7 on homotypic cells in cell (hocic) structures. Further, an in-vivo nude mouse model was engineered to figure out the function and mechanism of PCDH7 in tumor cell growth. As indicated by the data, PCDH7 knockdown boosted the cells' sensitivity to chemotherapy. PCDH7 overexpression facilitated their proliferation and invasion, altered autophagy, induced ferroptosis and hocic, and initiated the profile of the MEK1/2/ERK/c-FOS pathway. MEK1/2/ERK inhibition impaired the inhibitory impact of PCDH7 on colon cancer cells' chemotherapy sensitivity and dampened its pro-cancer function in the cells. In-vivo experiments displayed that PCDH7 overexpression stepped up tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis in colon cancer cells. All in all, the research has discovered that PCDH7 knockdown affects autophagy and induces ferroptosis, hence strengthening colon cancer cells' sensitivity to chemotherapy by repressing the MEK1/2/ERK/c-FOS axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Yuyang Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Baochun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Du D, Gu X, Zhou S. PCDH17 is regulated by methylation of DNMT3B and affects the malignant biological behavior of HCC through EMT. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Zhang X, Groen K, Morten BC, Steffens Reinhardt L, Campbell HG, Braithwaite AW, Bourdon JC, Avery-Kiejda KA. Effect of p53 and its N-terminally truncated isoform, Δ40p53, on breast cancer migration and invasion. Mol Oncol 2021; 16:447-465. [PMID: 34657382 PMCID: PMC8763661 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most diagnosed malignancy in women, with over half a million women dying from this disease each year. In our previous studies, ∆40p53, an N‐terminally truncated p53 isoform, was found to be upregulated in breast cancers, and a high ∆40p53 : p53α ratio was linked with worse disease‐free survival. Although p53α inhibits cancer migration and invasion, little is known about the role of ∆40p53 in regulating these metastasis‐related processes and its role in contributing to worse prognosis. The aim of this study was to assess the role of ∆40p53 in breast cancer migration and invasion. A relationship between Δ40p53 and gene expression profiles was identified in oestrogen‐receptor‐positive breast cancer specimens. To further evaluate the role of Δ40p53 in oestrogen‐receptor‐positive breast cancer, MCF‐7 and ZR75‐1 cell lines were transduced to knockdown p53α or Δ40p53 and overexpress Δ40p53. Proliferation, migration and invasion were assessed in the transduced sublines, and gene expression was assessed through RNA‐sequencing and validated by reverse‐transcription quantitative PCR. Knockdown of both p53α and ∆40p53 resulted in increased proliferation, whereas overexpression of ∆40p53 reduced proliferation rates. p53α knockdown was also associated with increased cell mobility. ∆40p53 overexpression reduced both migratory and invasive properties of the transduced cells. Phenotypic findings are supported by gene expression data, including differential expression of LRG1, HYOU1, UBE2QL1, SERPINA5 and PCDH7. Taken together, these results suggest that, at the basal level, ∆40p53 works similarly to p53α in suppressing cellular mobility and proliferation, although the role of Δ40p53 may be cell context‐specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiajie Zhang
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Kira Groen
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Brianna C Morten
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Luiza Steffens Reinhardt
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Hamish G Campbell
- Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Antony W Braithwaite
- Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Kelly A Avery-Kiejda
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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7
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Crowley F, Sterpi M, Buckley C, Margetich L, Handa S, Dovey Z. A Review of the Pathophysiological Mechanisms Underlying Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer. Res Rep Urol 2021; 13:457-472. [PMID: 34235102 PMCID: PMC8256377 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s264722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy or ADT is one of the cornerstones of management of locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer, alongside radiation therapy. However, despite early response, most advanced prostate cancers progress into an androgen unresponsive or castrate resistant state, which hitherto remains an incurable entity and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men in the US. Recent advances have uncovered multiple complex and intermingled mechanisms underlying this transformation. While most of these mechanisms revolve around androgen receptor (AR) signaling, novel pathways which act independently of the androgen axis are also being discovered. The aim of this article is to review the pathophysiological mechanisms that help bypass the apoptotic effects of ADT to create castrate resistance. The article discusses castrate resistance mechanisms under two categories: 1. Direct AR dependent pathways such as amplification or gain of function mutations in AR, development of functional splice variants, posttranslational regulation, and pro-oncogenic modulation in the expression of coactivators vs corepressors of AR. 2. Ancillary pathways involving RAS/MAP kinase, TGF-beta/SMAD pathway, FGF signaling, JAK/STAT pathway, Wnt-Beta catenin and hedgehog signaling as well as the role of cell adhesion molecules and G-protein coupled receptors. miRNAs are also briefly discussed. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the development and progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer is paramount to the development of targeted agents to overcome these mechanisms. A number of targeted agents are currently in development. As we strive for more personalized treatment across oncology care, treatment regimens will need to be tailored based on the type of CRPC and the underlying mechanism of castration resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fionnuala Crowley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Morningside and West, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Sterpi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Morningside and West, New York, NY, USA
| | - Conor Buckley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Morningside and West, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren Margetich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Morningside and West, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shivani Handa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Morningside and West, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zach Dovey
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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8
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Dacol EC, Wang S, Chen Y, Lepique AP. The interaction of SET and protein phosphatase 2A as target for cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188578. [PMID: 34116173 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In cancer cells, tumor suppressor proteins loss-of-function are usually the result of genetic mutations. Protein Phosphatase 2A is a tumor suppressor that inactivates several signaling pathways through removal of phosphate residues important for other proteins stability and/or activation. Different from other tumor suppressors, PP2A is, in many cancer types, inactivated by endogenous inhibitors. In physiological conditions, these inhibitors are important to balance PP2A activity. However, in cancer cells, overexpression of these inhibitors can keep PP2A inactive, resulting in sustained activation of mitogenic signaling pathways and transcription factors, metabolic reprogramming, with the resulting cancer progression and the resistance to anti-cancer therapies. One of these endogenous inhibitors is the protein SET (SE Translocation). SET is a multifunctional protein, which high expression has been associated with several types of cancer, as well as other diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Disruption of the interaction between SET and PP2A to rescue the activity of PP2A may represent a new therapeutic strategy and opportunity for cancer treatment. This review brings up-to-date advances on the interactions between SET and PP2A and their biological consequences. Moreover, we review reported inhibitors of SET-PP2A interaction under investigation as therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Dacol
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av.Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, room 136, Biomedicas IV Building, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - S Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Y Chen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - A P Lepique
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av.Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, room 136, Biomedicas IV Building, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Protocadherin alpha 3 inhibits lung squamous cell carcinoma metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Genes Genomics 2021; 44:211-218. [PMID: 34086268 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01113-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is associated with poor clinical prognosis and lacks available targeted therapy. Given that the major threat of cancer is metastasis, delineation of the molecular mechanism underlying it would help devise therapeutic strategies. OBJECTIVE To investigate the functional role of protocadherin alpha 3 (PCDHA3) in LUSC, as well as investigate the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS Data for PCDHA3 expression and clinical information in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were extracted and analyzed in the UALCAN platform. Expression levels of PCDHA3 in LUSC cell lines were analyzed via RT-PCR and western blot. Overexpression of PCDHA3 was conducted via plasmid transfection. CCK-8 and cell cycle assays were utilized to investigate effect of PCDHA3 on cell proliferation. Transwell assay was used to detect migration and invasion. The underlying mechanism was demonstrated via western blot analysis. RESULTS Our data indicate that PCDHA3 was low expressed in three kinds of LUSC cell lines and best in H520 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of PCDHA3 could significantly impair LUSC cells proliferation, invasion and migration. Moreover, PCHDA3 repressed the biomarkers of mesenchymal (N-cadherin, fibronectin and vimentin) and increased expression of epithelial markers (E-cadherin and α-catenin). On the other hand, PCDHA3 overexpression partially blocked epithelial-mesenchymal transition. CONCLUSIONS PCDHA3 suppressed the LUSC cells proliferation, invasion and migration via inhibiting the expression of EMT signatures, suggesting that PCDHA3 could serve as a valuable therapeutic target for LUSC therapy.
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Zhang S, Fu X. The Clinical Significance and Biological Function of PCDH7 in Cervical Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:3841-3847. [PMID: 34012292 PMCID: PMC8126802 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s298072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cervical cancer is a common cancerous tumor in women that is prone to recurrence and metastasis. Recently, many people have explored the role of protocadherin 7 (PCDH7) in cancer and found that PCDH7 is abnormally expressed in many cancers. The purpose of this study is to explore the expression and mechanism of PCDH7 in cervical cancer and evaluate its clinical prognostic significance. Materials and Methods The expression of PCDH7 in cervical cancer and cells was measured by qRT-PCR. The relationship between PCDH7 expression and the clinical prognosis was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analyses. Effects of PCDH7 on cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were studied by MTT assay and transwell assays. Results The expression of PCDH7 in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines was notably downregulated compared with the corresponding control. Low PCDH7 expression was associated with a low survival rate. PCDH7 expression was correlated with lymph node metastasis, cell differentiation, and FIGO staging. PCDH7 can be used as an independent prognostic factor for cervical cancer. Up-regulation of PCDH7 significantly inhibited the proliferation ability, migration potential, and invasion capacity of cancer cells. Conclusion PCDH7 may be used as a prognostic biomarker for cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhu Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
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11
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van der Weyden L, Offord V, Turner G, Swiatkowska A, Speak AO, Adams DJ. Membrane protein regulators of melanoma pulmonary colonisation identified using a CRISPRa screen and spontaneous metastasis assay in mice. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2021; 11:6272227. [PMID: 33963380 PMCID: PMC8495943 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells to a secondary site within the body, and is the leading cause of death for cancer patients. The lung is a common site of metastasis for many cancer types, including melanoma. Identifying the genes involved in aiding metastasis of melanoma cells to the lungs is critical for the development of better treatments. As the accessibility of cell surface proteins makes them attractive therapeutic targets, we performed a CRISPR activation screen using a library of guide RNAs (gRNAs) targeting the transcription start sites of 2195 membrane protein-encoding genes, to identify genes whose upregulated expression aided pulmonary metastasis. Immunodeficient mice were subcutaneously injected in the flank with murine B16-F0 melanoma cells expressing dCas9 and the membrane protein library gRNAs, and their lungs collected after 14–21 days. Analysis was performed to identify the gRNAs that were enriched in the lungs relative to those present in the cells at the time of administration (day 0). We identified six genes whose increased expression promotes lung metastasis. These genes included several with well-characterized pro-metastatic roles (Fut7, Mgat5, and Pcdh7) that have not previously been linked to melanoma progression, genes linked to tumor progression but that have not previously been described as involved in metastasis (Olfr322 and Olfr441), as well as novel genes (Tmem116). Thus, we have identified genes that, when upregulated in melanoma cells, can aid successful metastasis and colonization of the lung, and therefore may represent novel therapeutic targets to inhibit pulmonary metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise van der Weyden
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Offord
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Turner
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Agnes Swiatkowska
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Anneliese O Speak
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - David J Adams
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
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Chen Y, Shen L, Chen B, Han X, Yu Y, Yuan X, Zhong L. The predictive prognostic values of CBFA2T3, STX3, DENR, EGLN1, FUT4, and PCDH7 in lung cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:843. [PMID: 34164477 PMCID: PMC8184469 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-1392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is one of the most malignant tumors. However, neither the pathogenesis of lung cancer nor the prognosis markers are completely clear. The purpose of this study is to screen the diagnostic or prognostic markers of lung cancer. Methods TCGA and GEO datasets were used to analyze the relationship between lung cancer-related genes and lung cancer samples. Common differential genes were screened, and a univariate Cox regression analysis was used to screen survival related genes. A univariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to verify the genes and construct risk model. The key factors affecting the prognosis of lung cancer were determined by univariate and multivariate regression analyses. The ROC curve, AUC and the survival of each risk gene was analyzed. Finally, the biological functions of high- and low-risk patients were explored by GSEA and an immune-infiltration analysis. Results Based on the common differential genes, 13 genes significantly related to lung cancer survival were identified. Eight risk genes (CBFA2T3, DENR, EGLN1, FUT2, FUT4, PCDH7, PHF14, and STX3) were screened out. The results showed that risk status may be an independent prognostic factor, and the risk score predicted the prognosis of lung cancer. CBFA2T3 and STX3 are protective genes, while DENR, EGLN1, FUT4 and PCDH7 are dangerous genes. These 6 genes can be used as independent lung cancer prognosis markers. The corresponding biological functions of genes expressed in high-risk patients were mostly related to tumor proliferation and inflammatory infiltration. Neutrophil, CD8+T, Macrophage M0, Macrophage M1- and mDC-activated cells were high in high-risk status samples. Conclusions CBFA2T3, STX3, DENR, EGLN1, FUT4, and PCDH7 are important participants in the occurrence and development of lung cancer. High-risk patients display serious inflammatory infiltration. This study not only provides insight into the mechanism of occurrence and development of lung cancer, but also provides potential targets for targeted therapy of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Bairong Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yunchi Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaosa Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lou Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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13
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Jin X, Yuan L, Liu B, Kuang Y, Li H, Li L, Zhao X, Li F, Bing Z, Chen W, Yang L, Li Q. Integrated analysis of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network reveals potential prognostic biomarkers for radiotherapies with X-rays and carbon ions in non-small cell lung cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1373. [PMID: 33313118 PMCID: PMC7723558 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background This work was aimed at exploring the regulatory network of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) especially circular RNA (circRNA) and microRNA (miRNA), in the sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells to low linear energy transfer (LET) X-ray and high-LET carbon ion irradiations. Methods The radioresistant NSCLC cell line A549-R11 was obtained from its parental cell line A549 through irradiation with X-rays of 2.0 Gy per fraction for 30 times. The sensitivities of A549, A549-R11 and H1299 cells exposed to X-rays and carbon ions were verified using the colony formation assay. A comprehensive circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed through the sequencing data in parental A549, acquired radioresistant A549-R11 and intrinsic radioresistant H1299 cells, and the network was further optimized according to the prognostic results from the TCGA and GEO databases. Results Based on high-throughput sequencing of circRNAs, we found that 40 circRNAs were up-regulated while 184 circRNAs were down-regulated in the intersection of the sets of A549-R11 and H1299 cells. Subsequently, a circRNA- miRNA-mRNA network, including 14 interactive pairs and 8 circRNAs, 4 overall survival-associated miRNAs, and 4 mRNAs, was constructed through the high-throughput data screening and bioinformatics methods. Conclusions Our results provide a complete understanding to the regulatory mechanism of the sensitivities to low-LET X-ray and high-LET carbon ion irradiations, and might be helpful to screen potential biomarkers for predicting the Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) and X-ray radiotherapy responses in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Jin
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyan Yuan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bingtao Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbei Kuang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linying Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xueshan Zhao
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feifei Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhitong Bing
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Vicente‐Ruiz S, Serrano‐Martí A, Armiñán A, Vicent MJ. Nanomedicine for the Treatment of Advanced Prostate Cancer. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Vicente‐Ruiz
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3 Valencia 46012 Spain
| | - Antoni Serrano‐Martí
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3 Valencia 46012 Spain
| | - Ana Armiñán
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3 Valencia 46012 Spain
| | - María J. Vicent
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3 Valencia 46012 Spain
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15
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Wang C, Chen A, Ruan B, Niu Z, Su Y, Qin H, Zheng Y, Zhang B, Gao L, Chen Z, Huang H, Wang X, Sun Q. PCDH7 Inhibits the Formation of Homotypic Cell-in-Cell Structure. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:329. [PMID: 32457908 PMCID: PMC7225324 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Though homotypic cell-in-cell (hoCIC) structures are implicated in the development and progression of multiple human tumors, the molecular mechanisms underlying their formation remain poorly understood. We found that the expression of Protocadherin-7 (PCDH7), an integral membrane protein, was negatively associated with the formation of hoCIC structures. Overexpression of PCDH7 efficiently inhibits, while its depletion significantly enhances, hoCIC formation, which was attributed to its regulation on intercellular adhesion and contractile actomyosin as well. Via directly interacting with and inactivating PP1α, a protein phosphatase that dephosphorylates pMLC2, PCDH7 increases the level of pMLC2 leading to enhanced actomyosin at the intercellular region and compromised hoCIC formation. Remarkably, PCDH7 enhanced anchorage-independent cell growth in a hoCIC-dependent manner. Together, we identified PCDH7 as the first trans-membrane protein that inhibits hoCIC formation to promote tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Ang Chen
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Banzhan Ruan
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China.,Department of Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zubiao Niu
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Su
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongquan Qin
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - You Zheng
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Gao
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaolie Chen
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Huang
- Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
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16
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Yu H, Jiang X, Jiang L, Zhou H, Bao J, Zhu X, Liu F, Huang J. Protocadherin 8 (PCDH8) Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, and Angiogenesis in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920665. [PMID: 32330123 PMCID: PMC7197227 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protocadherin 8 (PCDH8) functions as a tumor-suppressor gene in many types of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the role of PCDH8 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Cell proliferation, apoptosis, transwell assay, tube formation assays, and tumor xenograft experiment were performed to explore the role of PCDH8 in the progression of ESCC. RESULTS PCDH8 was found to be downregulated in ESCC cells. Ectopic expression of PCDH8 blocked proliferation, invasion, and migration and induced apoptosis in ESCC cells. Furthermore, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) secretion and the AKT signaling pathway were also inhibited when PCDH8 was upregulated. PCDH8 overexpression suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and pro-angiogenic activity of ESCC cells. In a mouse model of ESCC xenograft tumors, PCDH8 overexpression remarkably restrained tumor cell growth, with the tumor inhibition rate of 75.2%. PCDH8 was the target of miR-200c and had a negative correlation with miR-200c. CONCLUSIONS PCDH8 exerts a tumor-suppressive effect against ESCC cells. However, further studies are required to elucidate the exact molecular mechanism underlying the antitumor activity of PCDH8 in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yu
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoqin Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Huiling Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Jingjing Bao
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaowei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Fuxing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Junxing Huang
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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