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Foong SY, Chan YH, Loy ACM, How BS, Tamothran AM, Yip AJK, Liew RK, Peng W, Alstrup AK, Lam SS, Sonne C. The nexus between biofuels and pesticides in agroforestry: Pathways toward United Nations sustainable development goals. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113751. [PMID: 35753369 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The growth of global population continuously increases the demands for agroforestry-derived products, underpinning a sustainable growth of energy matrix in the sectors of food security, transportation, and industrial is momentous. The high demand for the sustainable energy sources has led to an increase in the application of pesticides associated with growing crops for the production of biofuel. In 2019, the global consumption of pesticides was 4.2 million tonnes. Case studies on life cycle assessment (LCA) of pesticides showed that toxicity is the major severe impact of pesticide usage, contributing to human toxicity (∼70%) and freshwater eco-toxicity (>50%). This alarming situation needs a solution as conventional pesticides pose various negative impacts to human and the environment, rendering the biofuel production process unsustainable. In this review, we focus on the interaction between pesticide use, biofuel production, food security for a sustainable balancing in between government benefits, environmental, and human health, aiming to track the implications and impact to the global efforts towards achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Even though, there are strict government regulations and legislations pertaining to pesticide use, and policies devised as guidelines for agroforestry sectors to implement and monitor these measures, the discrepancies still exist in between national and supranational entities. To cater the above issue, many efforts have been made to upscale the biofuel production, for example, the United States, Brazil, China and Indonesia have ventured into biofuels production from non-food-crops based feedstock while other developing nations are rapidly catching up. In this perspective, a sustainable nexus between Biofuels-Pesticides-Agroforestry (BPA) is essential to create a sustainable roadmap toward the UN SDGs, to fulfilling the energy, food, and land security. The contribution of technologies in BPA includes genetic modified crops, integrated pest and weed management with controlled release pesticides, use of nano-biopesticides is being reviewed. As a whole, the concept of biofuel processing complex (BPC) and farmers upskilling, together with the effective implementation of efficient policies and Internet of Things (IoT) would be the key to drive the BPA nexus towards fulfilment of SDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ying Foong
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Yi Herng Chan
- PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd. (PRSB), Lot 3288 & 3289, off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Bing Shen How
- Biomass Waste-to-Wealth Special Interest Group, Research Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Jalan Simpang Tiga, 93350 Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | | | - Andrew Jun Kit Yip
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Rock Keey Liew
- NV Western PLT, 208B, Second Floor, Macalister Road, 10400 Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Wanxi Peng
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Aage Ko Alstrup
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India.
| | - Christian Sonne
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India; Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
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Hu C, Wei ZH, Li PR, Harwood JD, Li XY, Yang XQ. Identification and Functional Characterization of a Sigma Glutathione S-Transferase CpGSTs2 Involved in λ-Cyhalothrin Resistance in the Codling Moth Cydia pomonella. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12585-12594. [PMID: 33107730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), is a quarantine pest of global significance impacting pome fruits and walnuts. It has evolved resistance to many commonly used insecticides including λ-cyhalothrin. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are multifunctional enzymes playing a crucial role in the detoxification of insecticides in insects. However, the role of specific GST gene in λ-cyhalothrin resistance in C. pomonella is unclear. In this study, we identified three sigma-class genes (CpGSTs1, CpGSTs2, and CpGSTs3). These genes were ubiquitously expressed at all developmental stages, and of these, the expression level of CpGSTs2 in the larval stage was significantly higher than in the egg, pupal, and adult stages. Moreover, CpGSTs2 was predominantly expressed in the fat body while lower levels in the cuticle. In addition to exposure of larvae to LD10 of λ-cyhalothrin elevating the expression level of CpGSTs2, mRNA levels of CpGSTs2 in a field population (ZW_R) from northeast China, which has developed moderate level resistance to λ-cyhalothrin, was significantly higher than that of susceptible strains. In vitro inhibition assays demonstrated that λ-cyhalothrin inhibited the conjugating activities of recombinant CpGSTs2, and metabolic assays indicated that λ-cyhalothrin could be depleted by recombinant CpGSTs2. These results bring evidence for the involvement of CpGSTs2 in C. pomonella in resistance to λ-cyhalothrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Zi-Han Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Pei-Rong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - James D Harwood
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xue-Qing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
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Malard JJ, Adamowski JF, Rojas Díaz M, Nassar JB, Anandaraja N, Tuy H, Arévalo-Rodriguez LA, Melgar-Quiñonez HR. Agroecological food web modelling to evaluate and design organic and conventional agricultural systems. Ecol Modell 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.108961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Canassa F, D'Alessandro CP, Sousa SB, Demétrio CG, Meyling NV, Klingen I, Delalibera I. Fungal isolate and crop cultivar influence the beneficial effects of root inoculation with entomopathogenic fungi in strawberry. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:1472-1482. [PMID: 31659843 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Root inoculations of crop plants with beneficial fungi constitute a promising strategy for growth promotion and control of above-ground pests and diseases. Here, strawberry roots (cultivar 'Albion' and 'Pircinque') were inoculated with 25 different Brazilian entomopathogenic fungal isolates of three genera and the effects on Tetranychus urticae oviposition and plant growth were evaluated in greenhouse experiments. RESULTS Reductions in the number of T. urticae eggs compared to control treatments were observed on both cultivars inoculated with almost all isolates. For the cultivar 'Albion', Metarhizium anisopliae (ESALQ 1604, ESALQ 1669), M. robertsii (ESALQ 1622, ESALQ 1635), Metarhizium sp. Indet. (ESALQ 1684) and Beauveria bassiana (ESALQ 3323) increased dry weight of roots and leaves, and fruit yield, while M. robertsii (ESALQ 1634), Metarhizium sp. Indet. (ESALQ 1637) and (ESALQ 1636) enhanced fruit yield and dry weight of leaves, respectively. For the cultivar 'Pircinque', M. anisopliae (ESALQ 1669) was the only isolate observed to increase dry weight of roots. CONCLUSION The results suggest that inoculation of strawberry roots with entomopathogenic fungi may be an innovative strategy for pest management above ground. Furthermore, these inoculations may also stimulate plant growth and strawberry production, but the effects depend on fungal strains and crop cultivar. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Canassa
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture/University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Celeste P D'Alessandro
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture/University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sidcleide B Sousa
- Department of Exact Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture/University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clarice Gb Demétrio
- Department of Exact Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture/University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nicolai V Meyling
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Biotechnology and Plant Health Division, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy (NIBIO), Ås, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Klingen
- Biotechnology and Plant Health Division, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy (NIBIO), Ås, Norway
| | - Italo Delalibera
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture/University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Wang W, Hu C, Li XR, Wang XQ, Yang XQ. CpGSTd3 is a lambda-Cyhalothrin Metabolizing Glutathione S-Transferase from Cydia pomonella (L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:1165-1172. [PMID: 30638381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the role of specific delta GST genes in the detoxification of lambda-cyhalothrin in the global quarantine fruit pest codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.). Real-time quantitative PCR shows that CpGSTd3 was ubiquitously expressed at all developmental stages and is most abundant in the larval stage and lowest in the egg stage; the mRNA level of CpGSTd3 is higher in the midgut and Malpighian tubules of fourth-instar larvae and abdomens of adults than in other tissues. Exposure of fourth-instar larvae to an LD10 dosage of lambda-cyhalothrin significantly induced the transcript of CpGSTd3 at 3 h, but the mRNA level was down-regulated after 12 h of treatment. Recombinant CpGSTd3 expressed in Escherichia coli was able to catalyze the conjugation of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and with an IC50 value of 0.65 mM for lambda-cyhalothrin. Metabolism assays indicate that recombinant CpGSTd3 could metabolize lambda-cyhalothrin. These results suggest that CpGSTd3 is probably a lambda-cyhalothrin metabolizing GST in C. pomonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
| | - Chao Hu
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
| | - Xin-Ru Li
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
| | - Xiao-Qi Wang
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
| | - Xue-Qing Yang
- College of Plant Protection , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province , Shenyang 110866 , Liaoning , China
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Zhou D, Huang X, Guo J, dos‐Santos ML, Vivanco JM. Trichoderma gamsii affected herbivore feeding behaviour on Arabidopsis thaliana by modifying the leaf metabolome and phytohormones. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 11:1195-1206. [PMID: 30221488 PMCID: PMC6196387 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants can re-programme their transcriptome, proteome and metabolome to deal with environmental and biotic stress. It has been shown that the rhizosphere microbiome has influence on the plant metabolome and on herbivore behaviour. In the present study, Trichoderma gamsii was isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana rhizosphere soil. The inoculation of roots of Arabidopsis thaliana with T. gamsii significantly inhibited the feeding behaviour of Trichoplusia ni and affected the metabolome as well as the content of phytohormones in Arabidopsis leaves. T. gamsii-treated plant leaves had higher levels of amino acids and lower concentrations of sugars. In addition, T. gamsii-treated plant leaves had more abscisic acid (ABA) and lower levels of salicylic acid (SA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in comparison with the untreated plants. Furthermore, the inoculation with T. gamsii on different signalling mutants showed that the induction of defences were SA-dependent. These findings indicate that T. gamsii has potential as a new type of biocontrol agent to promote plant repellence to insect attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhou
- Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitectureCenter for Rhizosphere BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA
- Institute of Plant ProtectionJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Xing‐Feng Huang
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitectureCenter for Rhizosphere BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Marcia L. dos‐Santos
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitectureCenter for Rhizosphere BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA
- Plant Molecular Biology LaboratoryDepartment of Genetics – “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture – ESALQUniversity of Sao PauloPiracicabaSP13418‐900Brazil
| | - Jorge M. Vivanco
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitectureCenter for Rhizosphere BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA
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Multidecadal, county-level analysis of the effects of land use, Bt cotton, and weather on cotton pests in China. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E7700-E7709. [PMID: 30012617 PMCID: PMC6099863 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721436115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in land use, climate, and agricultural technologies affect pest severity and management. We analyzed long-term longitudinal data (1991–2015) on three major cotton pests for 51 Chinese counties. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insect-resistant cotton had pervasive effects on the whole pest complex and its management. Adoption resulted in major reductions in insecticide use against bollworm. The resulting restoration of aphid biocontrol decreased aphid severity. Mirid bug severity increased, aided by higher May temperatures and reduced insecticide sprays against bollworm. Landscape effects on pest severity varied between species. Farmers sprayed at nondamaging infestation levels. Findings support Bt-based plant resistance as a component of integrated pest management (IPM) but highlight the potential for unintended outcomes for the whole pest complex and the importance of climate change. Long-term changes in land use, climate, and agricultural technologies may affect pest severity and management. The influences of these major drivers can only be identified by analyzing long-term data. This study examines panel data on land use, adoption of genetically modified Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insect-resistant cotton, weather, pest severity, and insecticide use on three major cotton pests for 51 counties in China during 1991–2015. Bt cotton had pervasive effects on the whole pest complex in cotton and its management. Adoption resulted in major reductions in insecticide use for bollworm control. The resulting restoration of aphid biological control decreased aphid severity. However, mirid bugs, which have few effective natural enemies in cotton, increased in severity with warming May and reduced insecticide spraying against bollworm. The effects of landscape on pest severity were pest specific. The severity of cotton aphid and mirid bugs decreased with higher land use diversity, but the severity of highly polyphagous cotton bollworm was unrelated to land use diversity. Shares of forest, water body, and unused land area were negatively associated with the severity of mirid bugs, whereas cotton bollworm responded positively to the shares of water body and unused land area. Farmers sprayed insecticides at mild infestation levels and responded aggressively to severe bollworm outbreaks. Findings support the usefulness of Bt-based plant resistance as a component of integrated pest management (IPM) but highlight the potential for unexpected outcomes resulting from agro-ecosystem feedback loops as well as the importance of climate.
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Knight AL, Light DM, Judd GJR, Witzgall P. Pear Ester – From Discovery to Delivery for Improved Codling Moth Management. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2018-1294.ch008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan L. Knight
- Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 5230 Konnowac Pass Road, Wapato, Washington 98951, United States
| | - Douglas M. Light
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany California 94710, United States
| | - Gary J. R. Judd
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, 4200 Highway 97, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter Witzgall
- Division of Chemical Ecology, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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Davis AS, Frisvold GB. Are herbicides a once in a century method of weed control? PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2017; 73:2209-2220. [PMID: 28618159 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of any pesticide is an exhaustible resource that can be depleted over time. For decades, the dominant paradigm - that weed mobility is low relative to insect pests and pathogens, that there is an ample stream of new weed control technologies in the commercial pipeline, and that technology suppliers have sufficient economic incentives and market power to delay resistance - supported a laissez faire approach to herbicide resistance management. Earlier market data bolstered the belief that private incentives and voluntary actions were sufficient to manage resistance. Yet, there has been a steady growth in resistant weeds, while no new commercial herbicide modes of action (MOAs) have been discovered in 30 years. Industry has introduced new herbicide tolerant crops to increase the applicability of older MOAs. Yet, many weed species are already resistant to these compounds. Recent trends suggest a paradigm shift whereby herbicide resistance may impose greater costs to farmers, the environment, and taxpayers than earlier believed. In developed countries, herbicides have been the dominant method of weed control for half a century. Over the next half-century, will widespread resistance to multiple MOAs render herbicides obsolete for many major cropping systems? We suggest it would be prudent to consider the implications of such a low-probability, but high-cost development. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S Davis
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - George B Frisvold
- Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Yang XQ, Wu ZW, Zhang YL, Barros-Parada W. Toxicity of Six Insecticides on Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and Effect on Expression of Detoxification Genes. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 109:320-326. [PMID: 26487743 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tov297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), is a key worldwide fruit pest that has evolved high levels of resistance to almost all classes of conventional insecticides. Neonicotinoids, a new reduced-risk biorational insecticide class, have remained an effective control approach. In this study, the toxicity and sublethal effect of conventional and reduced-risk biorational insecticides on transcripts abundance of three detoxification genes in codling moth were determined. Bioassays on a codling moth laboratory strain suggested that acetamiprid had the highest oral toxicity against the third-instar larvae compared with the other five pesticides. Results also indicated that acetamiprid exhibits long-term efficacy against codling moth even at 120 h post feeding. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that the detoxification genes CYP9A61, CpGST1, and CpCE-1 were differentially induced or suppressed by deltamethrin, cypermethrin, methomyl, carbaryl, and imidacloprid, depending on the type of insecticides; in contrast, no significant difference in CYP9A61, CpGST1, and CpCE-1 expressions were observed after acetamiprid exposure, when compared with the control. These results suggest that the reduced-risk biorational insecticide acetamiprid is an effective insecticide with no induction of detoxification genes and can be integrated into the management of codling moth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China ,
| | - Zheng-Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China (; )
| | - Ya-Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China (; )
| | - Wilson Barros-Parada
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca. Casilla 747, Talca, Chile , and Millennium Nucleus in Molecular Ecology and Evolutionary Applications of Agroecosystems, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
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Damos P, Colomar LAE, Ioriatti C. Integrated Fruit Production and Pest Management in Europe: The Apple Case Study and How Far We Are From the Original Concept? INSECTS 2015; 6:626-57. [PMID: 26463407 PMCID: PMC4598656 DOI: 10.3390/insects6030626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the process of adapting the original concept of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) to the wider conception of the Integrated Fruit Production (IFP) implemented in Europe. Even though most of the pest management strategies still rely on the use of synthetic pesticides, a wide array of innovative and environmentally friendly tools are now available as possible alternative to the pesticides within the modern apple production system. We also highlight how recent pest management strategies and tools have created an opening for research towards IPM improvement, including the use of biorational pesticides, semiochemicals and biological control. Forecasting models, new tree training systems and innovative spray equipment have also been developed to improve treatment coverage, to mitigate pesticide drift and to reduce chemical residues on fruits. The possible threats that jeopardize the effective implementation of IPM and particularly the risks related to the development of the pesticide resistance and the introduction of new invasive pests are also reviewed. With the directive 128/09, the European legislation recognizes IPM as a strategic approach for the sustainable use of pesticides. Within this context, IPM and related guidelines is called to meet different areas of concern in relation to the worker and bystander safety. Beside the traditional economic criteria of the market-oriented agriculture, sustainable agriculture includes the assessment of the environmental impact of the agronomic practices within the societal context where they take place. As a consequence of the raising consumer concerns about environmental impacts generated by the fruit production, IFP certification over product standards, including process aspects, are frequently required by consumers and supermarket chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Damos
- Open University of Cyprus, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Department of Environmental Conservation and Management, Main OUC building: 33, Giannou Kranidioti Ave., 2220, Latsia, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Lucía-Adriana Escudero Colomar
- IRTA, Sustainable Plant Protection (Entomology), IRTA-Mas Badia Agricultural Experimental Station. La Tallada d'Empordà S/N. 17134, Girona. Spain.
| | - Claudio Ioriatti
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy.
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Miller JR, Gut LJ. Mating Disruption for the 21st Century: Matching Technology With Mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2015; 44:427-53. [PMID: 26313949 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvv052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Progress toward proof of the principal cause of insect mating disruption under a particular set of conditions has been hindered by a lack of logical rigor and clean falsifications of possible explanations. Here we make the case that understanding of mating disruption and optimization of particular formulations can be significantly advanced by rigorous application of the principles of strong inference. To that end, we offer a dichotomous key for eight distinct categories of mating disruption and detail criteria and methodologies for differentiating among them. Mechanisms of mating disruption closely align with those established for enzyme inhibition, falling into two major categories-competitive and noncompetitive. Under competitive disruption, no impairments are experienced by males, females, or the signal of females. Therefore, males can respond to females and traps. Competitive disruption is entirely a numbers game where the ratio of dispensers to females and traps is highly consequential and renders the control pest-density-dependent. Under noncompetitive disruption, males, females, or the signal from females are already impaired when sexual activity commences. The control achieved noncompetitively offers the notable advantage of being pest-density-independent. Dosage-response curves are the best way to distinguish competitive from noncompetitive disruption. Purely competitive disruption produces: a smoothly concave curve when untransformed capture data are plotted on the y-axis against density of dispensers on the x-axis; a straight line with positive slope when the inverse of catch is plotted against density of pheromone dispensers; and, a straight line with negative slope when catch is plotted against density of pheromone dispensers × catch. Disruption operating only noncompetitively produces: a straight line with negative slope when untransformed capture data are plotted on the y-axis against density of dispensers on the x-axis; an upturning curve when the inverse of catch is plotted against density of pheromone dispensers; and, a recurving plot when catch is plotted against density of pheromone dispensers x catch. Hybrid profiles are possible when some males within the population begin the activity period already incapacitated, while those not preexposed have the capacity to respond either to traps or pheromone dispensers. Competitive mechanisms include competitive attraction, induced allopatry, and induced arrestment. Noncompetitive mechanisms include desensitization and inhibition, induced allochrony, suppressed calling and mating, camouflage, and sensory imbalance. Examples of the various disruption types within the two major categories and suggested tactics for differentiating among them are offered as seven case studies of the disruption of important pest species using various formulations are analyzed in depth. We point out how economic optimizations may be achieved once the principal and contributory causes of disruption are proven. Hopefully, these insights will pave the way to a broader and more reliable usage of this environmentally friendly pest management tactic.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Miller
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Larry J Gut
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.Corresponding author, e-mail:
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Reyes M, Barros-Parada W, Ramírez CC, Fuentes-Contreras E. Organophosphate Resistance and its Main Mechanism in Populations of Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from Central Chile. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2015; 108:277-285. [PMID: 26470131 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tou001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), is the key pest of apple production worldwide. Insecticide resistance has been reported in all producing countries, based on five different mechanisms. Codling moth in Chile has resistance to azinphos-methyl and tebufenozide in post-diapausing larvae. However, there are no studies about the susceptibility of these populations to insecticides from other chemical groups. Therefore, the efficacy of azinphos-methyl, chlorpyrifos-ethyl, esfenvalerate, methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide, and thiacloprid on neonate and post-diapausing larvae from six field populations was investigated, and identified resistance mechanisms in this species were evaluated. Neonate larvae were susceptible to all insecticides studied, but post-diapausing larvae from four populations were resistant to chlorpyrifos, one of them was also resistant to azinphos-methyl, and another one was resistant to tebufenozide. The acetylcholinesterase insensitivity mutation was not detected, and the sodium channel knockdown resistance mutation was present in a low frequency in one population. Detoxifying enzymatic activity of glutathione S-transferases, esterases, and cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases in adults differed among populations, but chlorpyrifos resistance was associated only with a decreased esterase activity as shown by a significant negative correlation between chlorpyrifos mortality and esterase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maritza Reyes
- Instituto de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Wilson Barros-Parada
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile. Millennium Nucleus in Molecular Ecology and Evolutionary Applications of Agroecosystems, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Claudio C Ramírez
- Millennium Nucleus in Molecular Ecology and Evolutionary Applications of Agroecosystems, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes-Contreras
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile. Millennium Nucleus in Molecular Ecology and Evolutionary Applications of Agroecosystems, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile.
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Abstract
Rachel Carson's 1962 Silent Spring exposed both observed and potential environmental and health externalities of the increasing organochlorine and organophosphate insecticide use in the United States post-World War II. Silent Spring was a critical component in a popular movement that resulted in increased regulation and the development of safer pesticides. Most changes in pesticide use in the global north have involved pesticide substitutions, although riskier pesticides remain in use. Many ideas in Silent Spring are compatible with the theory of integrated pest management (IPM), and IPM has been broadly embraced in the United States and internationally as a strategy for achieving least-use and/or least-risk pesticide use in agriculture. IPM is a politically feasible policy that purports to reduce pesticide use and/or risk in agriculture but often does not, except in extreme cases of pesticide overuse that result in negative agricultural/economic consequences for growers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Epstein
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 95616-5720;
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Jones VP, Hilton R, Brunner JF, Bentley WJ, Alston DG, Barrett B, Van Steenwyk RA, Hull LA, Walgenbach JF, Coates WW, Smith TJ. Predicting the emergence of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), on a degree-day scale in North America. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2013; 69:1393-1398. [PMID: 23424021 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a major pest of apple, pear and walnut production in North America. Management programs are based on preventing larval entry into the fruit or nut and are typically timed by heat-driven models that are synchronized to field populations by first capture of overwintering moths in pheromone traps. Unfortunately, trap capture is affected by a range of environmental parameters as well as by the use of mating disruption, which makes detecting first flight difficult, thus complicating implementation of management programs. The present goal was to evaluate data collected from a broad range of locations across North America to see whether average first spring emergence times could be predicted. RESULTS Average emergence time on a degree-day scale from 1 January was predictable using latitude and elevation. Sites at elevations of <400 m fit a simple quadratic equation using latitude, but, when higher elevations were included, a multiple regression using elevation was required. CONCLUSIONS The present models can be used to simplify management programs for codling moth in areas where heat-driven models that require extensive trapping to synchronize with emergence are currently used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent P Jones
- Department of Entomology, Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA, USA
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Thomas MB, Godfray HCJ, Read AF, van den Berg H, Tabashnik BE, van Lenteren JC, Waage JK, Takken W. Lessons from agriculture for the sustainable management of malaria vectors. PLoS Med 2012; 9:e1001262. [PMID: 22802742 PMCID: PMC3393651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Willem Takken and colleagues argue for the expansion of insecticide monotherapy in malaria control by taking lessons from agriculture and including more sustainable integrated vector management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B. Thomas
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics and Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - H. Charles J. Godfray
- Ecology Research Group, Department of Zoology, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew F. Read
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics and Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Henk van den Berg
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce E. Tabashnik
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Joop C. van Lenteren
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeff K. Waage
- London International Development Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Willem Takken
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Vidau C, Diogon M, Aufauvre J, Fontbonne R, Viguès B, Brunet JL, Texier C, Biron DG, Blot N, El Alaoui H, Belzunces LP, Delbac F. Exposure to sublethal doses of fipronil and thiacloprid highly increases mortality of honeybees previously infected by Nosema ceranae. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21550. [PMID: 21738706 PMCID: PMC3125288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The honeybee, Apis mellifera, is undergoing a worldwide decline whose origin is still in debate. Studies performed for twenty years suggest that this decline may involve both infectious diseases and exposure to pesticides. Joint action of pathogens and chemicals are known to threaten several organisms but the combined effects of these stressors were poorly investigated in honeybees. Our study was designed to explore the effect of Nosema ceranae infection on honeybee sensitivity to sublethal doses of the insecticides fipronil and thiacloprid. Methodology/Finding Five days after their emergence, honeybees were divided in 6 experimental groups: (i) uninfected controls, (ii) infected with N. ceranae, (iii) uninfected and exposed to fipronil, (iv) uninfected and exposed to thiacloprid, (v) infected with N. ceranae and exposed 10 days post-infection (p.i.) to fipronil, and (vi) infected with N. ceranae and exposed 10 days p.i. to thiacloprid. Honeybee mortality and insecticide consumption were analyzed daily and the intestinal spore content was evaluated 20 days after infection. A significant increase in honeybee mortality was observed when N. ceranae-infected honeybees were exposed to sublethal doses of insecticides. Surprisingly, exposures to fipronil and thiacloprid had opposite effects on microsporidian spore production. Analysis of the honeybee detoxification system 10 days p.i. showed that N. ceranae infection induced an increase in glutathione-S-transferase activity in midgut and fat body but not in 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase activity. Conclusions/Significance After exposure to sublethal doses of fipronil or thiacloprid a higher mortality was observed in N. ceranae-infected honeybees than in uninfected ones. The synergistic effect of N. ceranae and insecticide on honeybee mortality, however, did not appear strongly linked to a decrease of the insect detoxification system. These data support the hypothesis that the combination of the increasing prevalence of N. ceranae with high pesticide content in beehives may contribute to colony depopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Vidau
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CNRS, UMR 6023, LMGE, Aubière, France
| | - Marie Diogon
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CNRS, UMR 6023, LMGE, Aubière, France
| | - Julie Aufauvre
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CNRS, UMR 6023, LMGE, Aubière, France
| | - Régis Fontbonne
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CNRS, UMR 6023, LMGE, Aubière, France
| | - Bernard Viguès
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CNRS, UMR 6023, LMGE, Aubière, France
| | - Jean-Luc Brunet
- INRA, UMR 406 Abeilles & Environnement, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, Site Agroparc, Avignon, France
| | | | - David G. Biron
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CNRS, UMR 6023, LMGE, Aubière, France
| | - Nicolas Blot
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CNRS, UMR 6023, LMGE, Aubière, France
| | - Hicham El Alaoui
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CNRS, UMR 6023, LMGE, Aubière, France
| | - Luc P. Belzunces
- INRA, UMR 406 Abeilles & Environnement, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, Site Agroparc, Avignon, France
| | - Frédéric Delbac
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CNRS, UMR 6023, LMGE, Aubière, France
- * E-mail:
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Trona F, Anfora G, Bengtsson M, Witzgall P, Ignell R. Coding and interaction of sex pheromone and plant volatile signals in the antennal lobe of the codling moth Cydia pomonella. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 213:4291-303. [PMID: 21113011 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.047365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the codling moth Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) plant volatiles attract males and females by upwind flight and synergise the male response to the female-produced sex pheromone, indicating a close relationship between the perception of social and environmental olfactory signals. We have studied the anatomical and functional organisation of the antennal lobe (AL), the primary olfactory centre, of C. pomonella with respect to the integration of sex pheromone and host-plant volatile information. A three-dimensional reconstruction of the glomerular structure of the AL revealed 50±2 and 49±2 glomeruli in males and females, respectively. These glomeruli are functional units involved in the coding of odour quality. The glomerular map of the AL was then integrated with electrophysiological recordings of the response of individual neurons in the AL of males and females to sex pheromone components and behaviourally active plant volatiles. By means of intracellular recordings and stainings, we physiologically characterised ca. 50 neurons in each sex, revealing complex patterns of activation and a wide variation in response dynamics to these test compounds. Stimulation with single chemicals and their two-component blends produced both synergistic and inhibitory interactions in projection neurons innervating ordinary glomeruli and the macroglomerular complex. Our results show that the sex pheromone and plant odours are processed in an across-fibre coding pattern. The lack of a clear segregation between the pheromone and general odour subsystems in the AL of the codling moth suggests a level of interaction that has not been reported from other insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Trona
- IASMA Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione E. Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele a/A (TN), Italy.
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Witzgall P, Kirsch P, Cork A. Sex pheromones and their impact on pest management. J Chem Ecol 2010; 36:80-100. [PMID: 20108027 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-009-9737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2009] [Revised: 12/20/2009] [Accepted: 12/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The idea of using species-specific behavior-modifying chemicals for the management of noxious insects in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, stored products, and for insect vectors of diseases has been a driving ambition through five decades of pheromone research. Hundreds of pheromones and other semiochemicals have been discovered that are used to monitor the presence and abundance of insects and to protect plants and animals against insects. The estimated annual production of lures for monitoring and mass trapping is on the order of tens of millions, covering at least 10 million hectares. Insect populations are controlled by air permeation and attract-and-kill techniques on at least 1 million hectares. Here, we review the most important and widespread practical applications. Pheromones are increasingly efficient at low population densities, they do not adversely affect natural enemies, and they can, therefore, bring about a long-term reduction in insect populations that cannot be accomplished with conventional insecticides. A changing climate with higher growing season temperatures and altered rainfall patterns makes control of native and invasive insects an increasingly urgent challenge. Intensified insecticide use will not provide a solution, but pheromones and other semiochemicals instead can be implemented for sustainable area-wide management and will thus improve food security for a growing population. Given the scale of the challenges we face to mitigate the impacts of climate change, the time is right to intensify goal-oriented interdisciplinary research on semiochemicals, involving chemists, entomologists, and plant protection experts, in order to provide the urgently needed, and cost-effective technical solutions for sustainable insect management worldwide.
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Castle SJ, Goodell PB, Palumbo JC. Implementing principles of the integrated control concept 50 years later--current challenges in IPM for arthropod pests. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2009; 65:1263-1264. [PMID: 19890882 DOI: 10.1002/ps.1862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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