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Faleco FA, Machado FM, Bobadilla LK, Tranel PJ, Stoltenberg D, Werle R. Resistance to protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors in giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 39101354 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) is one of the most troublesome weed species in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cropping systems. Following numerous reports in 2018 of suspected herbicide resistance in several Ambrosia trifida populations from Wisconsin, our objective was to characterize the response of these accessions to acetolactate synthase (ALS), enolpyruvyl shikimate phosphate synthase (EPSPS), and protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors applied POST. RESULTS Four accessions (AT1, AT4, AT6, and AT10) exhibited ≥ 50% plant survival after exposure to the cloransulam 3× rate. Two accessions (AT8 and AT10) and one accession (AT2) exhibited ≥ 50% plant survival after exposure to glyphosate and fomesafen 1× rates, respectively. The AT10 accession exhibited multiple resistance to cloransulam and glyphosate. The AT12 accession was 28.8-fold resistant to fomesafen and 3.7-fold resistant to lactofen. A codon change in PPX2 conferring a R98L substitution was identified as the most likely mechanism conferring PPO-inhibitor resistance. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first confirmed case of PPO-inhibitor resistance in Ambrosia trifida globally and we identified the genetic mutation likely conferring resistance. Proactive and diversified integrated weed management strategies are of paramount importance for sustainable long-term Ambrosia trifida management. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe A Faleco
- Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Filipi M Machado
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Lucas K Bobadilla
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Patrick J Tranel
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - David Stoltenberg
- Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rodrigo Werle
- Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Laforest M, Martin SL, Bisaillon K, Soufiane B, Meloche S, Tardif FJ, Page E. The ancestral karyotype of the Heliantheae Alliance, herbicide resistance, and human allergens: Insights from the genomes of common and giant ragweed. THE PLANT GENOME 2024; 17:e20442. [PMID: 38481294 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Ambrosia trifida (Asteraceae) are important pest species and the two greatest sources of aeroallergens globally. Here, we took advantage of a hybrid to simplify genome assembly and present chromosome-level assemblies for both species. These assemblies show high levels of completeness with Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Ortholog (BUSCO) scores of 94.5% for A. artemisiifolia and 96.1% for A. trifida and long terminal repeat (LTR) Assembly Index values of 26.6 and 23.6, respectively. The genomes were annotated using RNA data identifying 41,642 genes in A. artemisiifolia and 50,203 in A. trifida. More than half of the genome is composed of repetitive elements, with 62% in A. artemisiifolia and 69% in A. trifida. Single copies of herbicide resistance-associated genes PPX2L, HPPD, and ALS were found, while two copies of the EPSPS gene were identified; this latter observation may reveal a possible mechanism of resistance to the herbicide glyphosate. Ten of the 12 main allergenicity genes were also localized, some forming clusters with several copies, especially in A. artemisiifolia. The evolution of genome structure has differed among these two species. The genome of A. trifida has undergone greater rearrangement, possibly the result of chromoplexy. In contrast, the genome of A. artemisiifolia retains a structure that makes the allotetraploidization of the most recent common ancestor of the Heliantheae Alliance the clearest feature of its genome. When compared to other Heliantheae Alliance species, this allowed us to reconstruct the common ancestor's karyotype-a key step for furthering of our understanding of the evolution and diversification of this economically and allergenically important group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Laforest
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sara L Martin
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine Bisaillon
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brahim Soufiane
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sydney Meloche
- Harrow Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, Ontario, Canada
| | - François J Tardif
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Page
- Harrow Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, Ontario, Canada
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Landau C, Bradley K, Burns E, Flessner M, Gage K, Hager A, Ikley J, Jha P, Jhala A, Johnson PO, Johnson W, Lancaster S, Legleiter T, Lingenfelter D, Loux M, Miller E, Norsworthy J, Owen M, Nolte S, Sarangi D, Sikkema P, Sprague C, VanGessel M, Werle R, Young B, Williams MM. The silver bullet that wasn't: Rapid agronomic weed adaptations to glyphosate in North America. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad338. [PMID: 38059262 PMCID: PMC10697415 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid adoption of glyphosate-resistant crops at the end of the 20th century caused a simplification of weed management that relied heavily on glyphosate for weed control. However, the effectiveness of glyphosate has diminished. A greater understanding of trends related to glyphosate use will shed new light on weed adaptation to a product that transformed global agriculture. Objectives were to (1) quantify the change in weed control efficacy from postemergence (POST) glyphosate use on troublesome weeds in corn and soybean and (2) determine the extent to which glyphosate preceded by a preemergence (PRE) improved the efficacy and consistency of weed control compared to glyphosate alone. Herbicide evaluation trials from 24 institutions across the United States of America and Canada from 1996 to 2021 were compiled into a single database. Two subsets were created; one with glyphosate applied POST, and the other with a PRE herbicide followed by glyphosate applied POST. Within each subset, mean and variance of control ratings for seven problem weed species were regressed over time for nine US states and one Canadian province. Mean control with POST glyphosate alone decreased over time while variability in control increased. Glyphosate preceded by a labeled PRE herbicide showed little change in mean control or variability in control over time. These results illustrate the rapid adaptation of agronomically important weed species to the paradigm-shifting product glyphosate. Including more diversity in weed management systems is essential to slowing weed adaptation and prolonging the usefulness of existing and future technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Landau
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Kevin Bradley
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Erin Burns
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Michael Flessner
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Karla Gage
- School of Agricultural Sciences/School of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Aaron Hager
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Joseph Ikley
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Prashant Jha
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50201, USA
| | - Amit Jhala
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Paul O Johnson
- Agronomy, Horticulture, & Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - William Johnson
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sarah Lancaster
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Travis Legleiter
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Princeton, KY 42445, USA
| | - Dwight Lingenfelter
- Department of Plant Science, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Mark Loux
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Eric Miller
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Jason Norsworthy
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Micheal Owen
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50201, USA
| | - Scott Nolte
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | - Debalin Sarangi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Peter Sikkema
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, ON N0P 2C0, Canada
| | - Christy Sprague
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Mark VanGessel
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE 19947, USA
| | - Rodrigo Werle
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Bryan Young
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Martin M Williams
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Traxler C, Gaines TA, Küpper A, Luemmen P, Dayan FE. The nexus between reactive oxygen species and the mechanism of action of herbicides. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105267. [PMID: 37734554 PMCID: PMC10591016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbicides are small molecules that act by inhibiting specific molecular target sites within primary plant metabolic pathways resulting in catastrophic and lethal consequences. The stress induced by herbicides generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), but little is known about the nexus between each herbicide mode of action (MoA) and their respective ability to induce ROS formation. Indeed, some herbicides cause dramatic surges in ROS levels as part of their primary MoA, whereas other herbicides may generate some ROS as a secondary effect of the stress they imposed on plants. In this review, we discuss the types of ROS and their respective reactivity and describe their involvement for each known MoA based on the new Herbicide Resistance Action Committee classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Traxler
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Todd A Gaines
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Anita Küpper
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Bayer CropScience, Chesterfield, Missouri, USA
| | - Peter Luemmen
- Research & Development Division, Bayer AG, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Franck E Dayan
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
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5
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Souza ADS, Leal JFL, Montgomery JS, Ortiz MF, Simões Araujo AL, Morran S, de Figueiredo MRA, Langaro AC, Zobiole LHS, Nissen SJ, Gaines TA, de Pinho CF. Nontarget-site resistance due to rapid physiological response in 2,4-D resistant Conyza sumatrensis: reduced 2,4-D translocation and auxin-induced gene expression. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:3581-3592. [PMID: 37178347 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) has been reported in several weed species since the 1950s; however, a biotype of Conyza sumatrensis showing a novel physiology of the rapid response minutes after herbicide application was reported in 2017. The objective of this research was to investigate the mechanisms of resistance and identify transcripts associated with the rapid physiological response of C. sumatrensis to 2,4-D herbicide. RESULTS Differences were found in 2,4-D absorption between the resistant and susceptible biotypes. Herbicide translocation was reduced in the resistant biotype compared to the susceptible. In resistant plants 98.8% of [14 C] 2,4-D was found in the treated leaf, whereas ≈13% translocated to other plant parts in the susceptible biotype at 96 h after treatment. Resistant plants did not metabolize [14 C] 2,4-D and had only intact [14 C] 2,4-D at 96 h after application, whereas susceptible plants metabolized [14 C] 2,4-D into four detected metabolites, consistent with reversible conjugation metabolites found in other 2,4-D sensitive plant species. Pre-treatment with the cytochrome P450 inhibitor malathion did not enhance 2,4-D sensitivity in either biotype. Following treatment with 2,4-D, resistant plants showed increased expression of transcripts within plant defense response and hypersensitivity pathways, whereas both sensitive and resistant plants showed increased expression of auxin-response transcripts. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that reduced 2,4-D translocation contributes to resistance in the C. sumatrensis biotype. The reduction in 2,4-D transport is likely to be a consequence of the rapid physiological response to 2,4-D in resistant C. sumatrensis. Resistant plants had increased expression of auxin-responsive transcripts, indicating that a target-site mechanism is unlikely. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sarah Morran
- Colorado State University, Department of Agricultural Biology, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Ana Claudia Langaro
- Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Crop, Seropédica, Brazil
| | | | - Scott Jay Nissen
- Colorado State University, Department of Agricultural Biology, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Todd Adam Gaines
- Colorado State University, Department of Agricultural Biology, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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6
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Li B, Gschwend AR, Hovick SM, Gutek A, McHale L, Harrison SK, Regnier EE. Evolution of weedy giant ragweed ( Ambrosia trifida): Multiple origins and gene expression variability facilitates weediness. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9590. [PMID: 36514541 PMCID: PMC9731915 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Agricultural weeds may originate from wild populations, but the origination patterns and genetics underlying this transition remain largely unknown. Analysis of weedy-wild paired populations from independent locations may provide evidence to identify key genetic variation contributing to this adaptive shift. We performed genetic variation and expression analyses on transcriptome data from 67 giant ragweed samples collected from different locations in Ohio, Iowa, and Minnesota and found geographically separated weedy populations likely originated independently from their adjacent wild populations, but subsequent spreading of weedy populations also occurred locally. By using eight closely related weedy-wild paired populations, we identified thousands of unique transcripts in weedy populations that reflect shared or specific functions corresponding, respectively, to both convergently evolved and population-specific weediness processes. In addition, differential expression of specific groups of genes was detected between weedy and wild giant ragweed populations using gene expression diversity and gene co-expression network analyses. Our study suggests an integrated route of weedy giant ragweed origination, consisting of independent origination combined with the subsequent spreading of certain weedy populations, and provides several lines of evidence to support the hypothesis that gene expression variability plays a key role in the evolution of weedy species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Horticulture and Crop SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Andrea R. Gschwend
- Department of Horticulture and Crop SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Stephen M. Hovick
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Amanda Gutek
- Department of Horticulture and Crop SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Leah McHale
- Department of Horticulture and Crop SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - S. Kent Harrison
- Department of Horticulture and Crop SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Emilie E. Regnier
- Department of Horticulture and Crop SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
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Stimulation of Germination of Freshly Collected and Cold-Stored Seeds of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11141888. [PMID: 35890522 PMCID: PMC9319471 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Herbicides are the most commonly used means of controlling the growth of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Their constant use has led to the development of resistant populations. They can be evaluated by studying seed germination and the corresponding grown plants, but A. artemisiifolia exhibits seed dormancy, preventing germination and delaying research. Here, we developed a simple and rapid method to stimulate germination of freshly collected or stored A. artemisiifolia seeds. The germination of A. artemisiifolia freshly collected/stored seeds was evaluated after storage, stratification, and chemical treatments (ethephon, gibberellic acid (GA3), thiourea, KNO3). Ethephon or ethephon + GA3 improved freshly collected seed germination by 88 and 95%, respectively, and germination of stored seeds by 78 and 80%, respectively. In addition, placing the seeds of A. artemisiifolia in ethephon, GA3, ethephon + GA3, or thiourea solutions caused the freshly collected seeds to germinate faster than stored seeds or nontreated seeds. In contrast, the conditioning of seeds in these solutions favored germination of stored seeds, especially when ethephon + GA3 or GA3 was used. Imbibition of the freshly collected A. artemisiifolia seeds in a mixture of ethephon and GA3 can effectively overcome primary dormancy when rapid experimental results are needed. For seeds requiring prolonged storage, conditioning in ethephon, GA3, or thiourea solutions may be applied to promote germination.
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Kreiner JM, Tranel PJ, Weigel D, Stinchcombe JR, Wright SI. The genetic architecture and population genomic signatures of glyphosate resistance in Amaranthus tuberculatus. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:5373-5389. [PMID: 33853196 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Much of what we know about the genetic basis of herbicide resistance has come from detailed investigations of monogenic adaptation at known target-sites, despite the increasingly recognized importance of polygenic resistance. Little work has been done to characterize the broader genomic basis of herbicide resistance, including the number and distribution of genes involved, their effect sizes, allele frequencies and signatures of selection. In this work, we implemented genome-wide association (GWA) and population genomic approaches to examine the genetic architecture of glyphosate (Round-up) resistance in the problematic agricultural weed Amaranthus tuberculatus. A GWA was able to correctly identify the known target-gene but statistically controlling for two causal target-site mechanisms revealed an additional 250 genes across all 16 chromosomes associated with non-target-site resistance (NTSR). The encoded proteins had functions that have been linked to NTSR, the most significant of which is response to chemicals, but also showed pleiotropic roles in reproduction and growth. Compared to an empirical null that accounts for complex population structure, the architecture of NTSR was enriched for large effect sizes and low allele frequencies, suggesting the role of pleiotropic constraints on its evolution. The enrichment of rare alleles also suggested that the genetic architecture of NTSR may be population-specific and heterogeneous across the range. Despite their rarity, we found signals of recent positive selection on NTSR-alleles by both window- and haplotype-based statistics, and an enrichment of amino acid changing variants. In our samples, genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms explain a comparable amount of the total variation in glyphosate resistance to monogenic mechanisms, even in a collection of individuals where 80% of resistant individuals have large-effect TSR mutations, indicating an underappreciated polygenic contribution to the evolution of herbicide resistance in weed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Kreiner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick J Tranel
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Detlef Weigel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - John R Stinchcombe
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Koffler Scientific Reserve, University of Toronto, King City, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen I Wright
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Torra J, Osuna MD, Merotto A, Vila-Aiub M. Editorial: Multiple Herbicide-Resistant Weeds and Non-target Site Resistance Mechanisms: A Global Challenge for Food Production. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:763212. [PMID: 34777445 PMCID: PMC8581628 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.763212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Torra
- Department d'Hortofructicultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio-CERCA Center, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - María Dolores Osuna
- Center for Scientific and Technological Research of Extremadura (CICYTEX), Agrarian Research Center “Finca La Orden” Valdesequera, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Aldo Merotto
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agronomy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Martin Vila-Aiub
- Department of Ecology, IFEVA -CONICET, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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10
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Domínguez-Valenzuela JA, Alcántara-de la Cruz R, Palma-Bautista C, Vázquez-García JG, Cruz-Hipolito HE, De Prado R. Non-Target Site Mechanisms Endow Resistance to Glyphosate in Saltmarsh Aster (Aster squamatus). PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091970. [PMID: 34579501 PMCID: PMC8470777 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Of the six-glyphosate resistant weed species reported in Mexico, five were found in citrus groves. Here, the glyphosate susceptibility level and resistance mechanisms were evaluated in saltmarsh aster (Aster squamatus), a weed that also occurs in Mexican citrus groves. The R population accumulated 4.5-fold less shikimic acid than S population. S plants hardly survived at 125 g ae ha−1 while most of the R plants that were treated with 1000 g ae ha−1, which suffered a strong growth arrest, showed a vigorous regrowth from the third week after treatment. Further, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate basal and enzymatic activities did not diverge between populations, suggesting the absence of target-site resistance mechanisms. At 96 h after treatment, R plants absorbed ~18% less glyphosate and maintained 63% of the 14C-glyphsoate absorbed in the treated leaf in comparison to S plants. R plants metabolized twice as much (72%) glyphosate to amino methyl phosphonic acid and glyoxylate as the S plants. Three non-target mechanisms, reduced absorption and translocation and increased metabolism, confer glyphosate resistance saltmarsh aster. This is the first case of glyphosate resistance recorded for A. squamatus in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Alfredo Domínguez-Valenzuela
- Departamento de Parasitología Agrícola, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Texcoco 56230, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.A.D.-V.); (R.A.-d.l.C.)
| | - Ricardo Alcántara-de la Cruz
- Centro de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal de São Carlos–Campus Lagoa do Sino, Buri 18290-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: (J.A.D.-V.); (R.A.-d.l.C.)
| | - Candelario Palma-Bautista
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Edaphology and Microbiology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (C.P.-B.); (J.G.V.-G.); (H.E.C.-H.); (R.D.P.)
| | - José Guadalupe Vázquez-García
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Edaphology and Microbiology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (C.P.-B.); (J.G.V.-G.); (H.E.C.-H.); (R.D.P.)
| | - Hugo E. Cruz-Hipolito
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Edaphology and Microbiology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (C.P.-B.); (J.G.V.-G.); (H.E.C.-H.); (R.D.P.)
| | - Rafael De Prado
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Edaphology and Microbiology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (C.P.-B.); (J.G.V.-G.); (H.E.C.-H.); (R.D.P.)
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11
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Cockerton HM, Kaundun SS, Nguyen L, Hutchings SJ, Dale RP, Howell A, Neve P. Fitness Cost Associated With Enhanced EPSPS Gene Copy Number and Glyphosate Resistance in an Amaranthus tuberculatus Population. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:651381. [PMID: 34267768 PMCID: PMC8276266 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.651381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of resistance to pesticides in agricultural systems provides an opportunity to study the fitness costs and benefits of novel adaptive traits. Here, we studied a population of Amaranthus tuberculatus (common waterhemp), which has evolved resistance to glyphosate. The growth and fitness of seed families with contrasting levels of glyphosate resistance was assessed in the absence of glyphosate to determine their ability to compete for resources under intra- and interspecific competition. We identified a positive correlation between the level of glyphosate resistance and gene copy number for the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) glyphosate target, thus identifying gene amplification as the mechanism of resistance within the population. Resistant A. tuberculatus plants were found to have a lower competitive response when compared to the susceptible phenotypes with 2.76 glyphosate resistant plants being required to have an equal competitive effect as a single susceptible plant. A growth trade-off was associated with the gene amplification mechanism under intra-phenotypic competition where 20 extra gene copies were associated with a 26.5 % reduction in dry biomass. Interestingly, this growth trade-off was mitigated when assessed under interspecific competition from maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M. Cockerton
- NIAB EMR, Kent, United Kingdom
- Warwick Crop Centre, The University of Warwick Wellesbourne, Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - Shiv S. Kaundun
- Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sarah Jane Hutchings
- Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, United Kingdom
| | - Richard P. Dale
- Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, United Kingdom
| | - Anushka Howell
- Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Neve
- Warwick Crop Centre, The University of Warwick Wellesbourne, Warwick, United Kingdom
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Tåstrup, Denmark
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12
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Duke SO. Glyphosate: Uses Other Than in Glyphosate-Resistant Crops, Mode of Action, Degradation in Plants, and Effects on Non-target Plants and Agricultural Microbes. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 255:1-65. [PMID: 33895876 DOI: 10.1007/398_2020_53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the most used herbicide globally. It is a unique non-selective herbicide with a mode of action that is ideal for vegetation management in both agricultural and non-agricultural settings. Its use was more than doubled by the introduction of transgenic, glyphosate-resistant (GR) crops. All of its phytotoxic effects are the result of inhibition of only 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), but inhibition of this single enzyme of the shikimate pathway results in multiple phytotoxicity effects, both upstream and downstream from EPSPS, including loss of plant defenses against pathogens. Degradation of glyphosate in plants and microbes is predominantly by a glyphosate oxidoreductase to produce aminomethylphosphonic acid and glyoxylate and to a lesser extent by a C-P lyase to produce sarcosine and phosphate. Its effects on non-target plant species are generally less than that of many other herbicides, as it is not volatile and is generally sprayed in larger droplet sizes with a relatively low propensity to drift and is inactivated by tight binding to most soils. Some microbes, including fungal plant pathogens, have glyphosate-sensitive EPSPS. Thus, glyphosate can benefit GR crops by its activity on some plant pathogens. On the other hand, glyphosate can adversely affect some microbes that are beneficial to agriculture, such as Bradyrhizobium species, although GR crop yield data indicate that such an effect has been minor. Effects of glyphosate on microbes of agricultural soils are generally minor and transient, with other agricultural practices having much stronger effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen O Duke
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.
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13
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Baek Y, Bobadilla LK, Giacomini DA, Montgomery JS, Murphy BP, Tranel PJ. Evolution of Glyphosate-Resistant Weeds. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 255:93-128. [PMID: 33932185 DOI: 10.1007/398_2020_55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Widespread adoption of glyphosate-resistant crops and concomitant reliance on glyphosate for weed control set an unprecedented stage for the evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds. There are now 48 weed species that have evolved glyphosate resistance. Diverse glyphosate-resistance mechanisms have evolved, including single, double, and triple amino acid substitutions in the target-site gene, duplication of the gene encoding the target site, and others that are rare or nonexistent for evolved resistance to other herbicides. This review summarizes these resistance mechanisms, discusses what is known about their evolution, and concludes with some of the impacts glyphosate-resistant weeds have had on weed management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousoon Baek
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lucas K Bobadilla
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Darci A Giacomini
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Brent P Murphy
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Patrick J Tranel
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
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14
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Mendes RR, Takano HK, Leal JF, Souza AS, Morran S, Oliveira RS, Adegas FS, Gaines TA, Dayan FE. Evolution of EPSPS double mutation imparting glyphosate resistance in wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla L.). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238818. [PMID: 32913366 PMCID: PMC7482956 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of glyphosate resistance (GR) in weeds is an increasing problem. Glyphosate has been used intensively on wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla L.) populations for at least 20 years in GR crops within South America. We investigated the GR mechanisms in a wild poinsettia population from a soybean field in southern Brazil. The GR population required higher glyphosate doses to achieve 50% control (LD50) and 50% dry mass reduction (MR50) compared to a glyphosate susceptible (GS) population. The ratio between the LD50 and MR50 of GR and GS resulted in resistance factors (RF) of 6.9-fold and 6.1-fold, respectively. Shikimate accumulated 6.7 times more in GS than in GR when leaf-discs were incubated with increasing glyphosate concentrations. No differences were found between GR and GS regarding non-target-site mechanisms. Neither population metabolized glyphosate to significant levels following treatment with 850 g ha-1 glyphosate. Similar levels of 14C-glyphosate uptake and translocation were observed between the two populations. No differences in EPSPS expression were found between GS and GR. Two target site mutations were found in all EPSPS alleles of homozygous resistant plants: Thr102Ile + Pro106Thr (TIPT-mutation). Heterozygous individuals harbored both alleles, wild-type and TIPT. Half of GR individuals were heterozygous, suggesting that resistance is still evolving in the population. A genotyping assay was developed based on the Pro106Thr mutation, demonstrating high efficiency to identify homozygous, heterozygous or wild-type EPSPS sequences across different plants. This is the first report of glyphosate-resistant wild-poinsettia harboring an EPSPS double mutation (TIPT) in the same plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael R. Mendes
- Agronomy Department, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Hudson K. Takano
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - Jéssica F. Leal
- Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Amanda S. Souza
- Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sarah Morran
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - Rubem S. Oliveira
- Agronomy Department, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Todd A. Gaines
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - Franck E. Dayan
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
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15
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Gaines TA, Duke SO, Morran S, Rigon CAG, Tranel PJ, Küpper A, Dayan FE. Mechanisms of evolved herbicide resistance. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:10307-10330. [PMID: 32430396 PMCID: PMC7383398 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.013572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The widely successful use of synthetic herbicides over the past 70 years has imposed strong and widespread selection pressure, leading to the evolution of herbicide resistance in hundreds of weed species. Both target-site resistance (TSR) and nontarget-site resistance (NTSR) mechanisms have evolved to most herbicide classes. TSR often involves mutations in genes encoding the protein targets of herbicides, affecting the binding of the herbicide either at or near catalytic domains or in regions affecting access to them. Most of these mutations are nonsynonymous SNPs, but polymorphisms in more than one codon or entire codon deletions have also evolved. Some herbicides bind multiple proteins, making the evolution of TSR mechanisms more difficult. Increased amounts of protein target, by increased gene expression or by gene duplication, are an important, albeit less common, TSR mechanism. NTSR mechanisms include reduced absorption or translocation and increased sequestration or metabolic degradation. The mechanisms that can contribute to NTSR are complex and often involve genes that are members of large gene families. For example, enzymes involved in herbicide metabolism-based resistances include cytochromes P450, GSH S-transferases, glucosyl and other transferases, aryl acylamidase, and others. Both TSR and NTSR mechanisms can combine at the individual level to produce higher resistance levels. The vast array of herbicide-resistance mechanisms for generalist (NTSR) and specialist (TSR and some NTSR) adaptations that have evolved over a few decades illustrate the evolutionary resilience of weed populations to extreme selection pressures. These evolutionary processes drive herbicide and herbicide-resistant crop development and resistance management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Gaines
- Agricultural Biology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Stephen O Duke
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, USA
| | - Sarah Morran
- Agricultural Biology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Carlos A G Rigon
- Agricultural Biology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Patrick J Tranel
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Anita Küpper
- Bayer AG, CropScience Division, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Franck E Dayan
- Agricultural Biology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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Chen J, Huang H, Wei S, Cui H, Li X, Zhang C. Glyphosate resistance in Eleusine indica: EPSPS overexpression and P106A mutation evolved in the same individuals. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 164:203-208. [PMID: 32284128 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Goosegrass is one of the most widespread weeds in orchards and tea plantations in China, and glyphosate is a popular herbicide used to control it. However, high glyphosate selection pressure has led to some populations becoming resistant. The objectives of this research were to determine resistance levels and possible resistance mechanisms of goosegrass populations from several tea plantations in Zhejiang Province in China. The resistance indexes in four goosegrass populations (SH, SY, CA and CX) ranged from 4.9 to 13.4, and lower shikimate accumulation in these populations compared with a glyphosate-susceptible (GS) population confirmed their resistance to glyphosate. No mutations in the target gene EPSPS were found in populations SH and SY, however, the expression of EPSPS in these two populations was 9.3 and 29.7 times higher than that in the GS population, respectively. In the CX population, a P106S mutation in EPSPS was found in 6.7% of the individuals and another 80.0% of individuals had EPSPS amplification. In population CA, all the individuals had a P106A mutation and 86.7% of them had amplification in EPSPS. The EPSPS copy numbers ranged from 5.2 to 62.3 in these four resistant populations. There was a positive correlation between signal intensities of primary anti-EPSPS antibody and the copy number of the EPSPS protein, as indicated by immunoblot analysis. In population CA, with high-level resistance to glyphosate, both P106A mutation and amplification in EPSPS evolved in the same individuals in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan Huang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Shouhui Wei
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Hailan Cui
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Xiangju Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China.
| | - Chaoxian Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China.
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17
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Perotti VE, Larran AS, Palmieri VE, Martinatto AK, Permingeat HR. Herbicide resistant weeds: A call to integrate conventional agricultural practices, molecular biology knowledge and new technologies. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 290:110255. [PMID: 31779903 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Herbicide resistant (HR) weeds are of major concern in modern agriculture. This situation is exacerbated by the massive adoption of herbicide-based technologies along with the overuse of a few active ingredients to control weeds over vast areas year after year. Also, many other anthropological, biological, and environmental factors have defined a higher rate of herbicide resistance evolution in numerous weed species around the world. This review focuses on two central points: 1) how these factors have affected the resistance evolution process; and 2) which cultural practices and new approaches would help to achieve an effective integrated weed management. We claim that global climate change is an unnoticed factor that may be acting on the selection of HR weeds, especially those evolving into non-target-site resistance mechanisms. And we present several new tools -such as Gene Drive and RNAi technologies- that may be adopted to cope with herbicide resistance spread, as well as discuss their potential application at field level. This is the first review that integrates agronomic and molecular knowledge of herbicide resistance. It covers not only the genetic basis of the most relevant resistance mechanisms but also the strengths and weaknesses of traditional and forthcoming agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria E Perotti
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, S2125ZAA, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Alvaro S Larran
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, S2125ZAA, Zavalla, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (IICAR-CONICET-UNR), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, S2125ZAA, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Valeria E Palmieri
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, S2125ZAA, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Andrea K Martinatto
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, S2125ZAA, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Hugo R Permingeat
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, S2125ZAA, Zavalla, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (IICAR-CONICET-UNR), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, S2125ZAA, Zavalla, Argentina.
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18
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Wilson CE, Takano HK, Van Horn CR, Yerka MK, Westra P, Stoltenberg DE. Physiological and molecular analysis of glyphosate resistance in non-rapid response Ambrosia trifida from Wisconsin. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:150-160. [PMID: 31087487 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously identified a glyphosate-resistant A. trifida phenotype from Wisconsin USA that showed a non-rapid response to glyphosate. The mechanism of glyphosate resistance in this phenotype has yet to be elucidated. We conducted experiments to investigate non-target-site resistance and target-site resistance mechanisms. The roles of glyphosate absorption, translocation, and metabolism in resistance of this phenotype have not been reported previously, nor have EPSPS protein abundance or mutations to the full-length sequence of EPSPS. RESULTS Whole-plant dose-response results confirmed a 6.5-level of glyphosate resistance for the resistant (R) phenotype compared to a susceptible (S) phenotype. Absorption and translocation of 14 C-glyphosate were similar between R and S phenotypes over 72 h. Glyphosate and AMPA concentrations in leaf tissue did not differ between R and S phenotypes over 96 h. In vivo shikimate leaf disc assays confirmed that glyphosate EC50 values were 4.6- to 5.4-fold greater for the R than S phenotype. Shikimate accumulation was similar between phenotypes at high glyphosate concentrations (>1000 μM), suggesting that glyphosate entered chloroplasts and inhibited EPSPS. This finding was supported by results showing that EPSPS copy number and EPSPS protein abundance did not differ between R and S phenotypes, nor did EPSPS sequence at Gly101, Thr102, and Pro106 positions. Comparison of full-length EPSPS sequences found five nonsynonymous polymorphisms that differed between R and S phenotypes. However, their locations were distant from the glyphosate target site and, therefore, not likely to affect enzyme-glyphosate interaction. CONCLUSION The results suggest that a novel mechanism confers glyphosate resistance in this A. trifida phenotype. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney E Wilson
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Hudson K Takano
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Christopher R Van Horn
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Melinda K Yerka
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Philip Westra
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Gaines TA, Patterson EL, Neve P. Molecular mechanisms of adaptive evolution revealed by global selection for glyphosate resistance. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:1770-1775. [PMID: 31002387 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The human-directed, global selection for glyphosate resistance in weeds has revealed a fascinating diversity of evolved resistance mechanisms, including herbicide sequestration in the vacuole, a rapid cell death response, nucleotide polymorphisms in the herbicide target (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase, EPSPS) and increased gene copy number of EPSPS. For this latter mechanism, two distinct molecular genetic mechanisms have been observed, a tandem duplication mechanism and a large extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) that is tethered to the chromosomes and passed to gametes at meiosis. These divergent mechanisms have a range of consequences for the spread, fitness, and inheritance of resistance traits, and, particularly in the case of the eccDNA, demonstrate how evolved herbicide resistance can generate new insights into plant adaptation to contemporary environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Gaines
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Eric L Patterson
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Paul Neve
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
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20
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Vila-Aiub MM, Yu Q, Powles SB. Do plants pay a fitness cost to be resistant to glyphosate? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:532-547. [PMID: 30737790 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We reviewed the literature to understand the effects of glyphosate resistance on plant fitness at the molecular, biochemical and physiological levels. A number of correlations between enzyme characteristics and glyphosate resistance imply the existence of a plant fitness cost associated with resistance-conferring mutations in the glyphosate target enzyme, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). These biochemical changes result in a tradeoff between the glyphosate resistance of the EPSPS enzyme and its catalytic activity. Mutations that endow the highest resistance are more likely to decrease catalytic activity by reducing the affinity of EPSPS for its natural substrate, and/or slowing the velocity of the enzyme reaction, and are thus very likely to endow a substantial plant fitness cost. Prediction of fitness costs associated with EPSPS gene amplification and overexpression can be more problematic. The validity of cost prediction based on the theory of evolution of gene expression and resource allocation has been cast into doubt by contradictory experimental evidence. Further research providing insights into the role of the EPSPS cassette in weed adaptation, and estimations of the energy budget involved in EPSPS amplification and overexpression are required to understand and predict the biochemical and physiological bases of the fitness cost of glyphosate resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin M Vila-Aiub
- Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (AHRI) - School of Agriculture & Environment, University of Western Australia (UWA), Crawley, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
- IFEVA - CONICET - Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Ecology, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, 1417, Argentina
| | - Qin Yu
- Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (AHRI) - School of Agriculture & Environment, University of Western Australia (UWA), Crawley, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stephen B Powles
- Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative (AHRI) - School of Agriculture & Environment, University of Western Australia (UWA), Crawley, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
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21
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Perotti VE, Larran AS, Palmieri VE, Martinatto AK, Alvarez CE, Tuesca D, Permingeat HR. A novel triple amino acid substitution in the EPSPS found in a high-level glyphosate-resistant Amaranthus hybridus population from Argentina. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:1242-1251. [PMID: 30556254 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds is one of the most important concerns of global agriculture. Amaranthus hybridus L. is a competitive weed for summer crops in South America. In this article, we intend to unravel the molecular mechanisms by which an A. hybridus population from Argentina has become resistant to extraordinarily high levels of glyphosate. RESULTS The glyphosate-resistant population (A) exhibited particularly high parameters of resistance (GR50 = 20 900 g ai ha-1 , Rf = 314), with all plants completing a normal life cycle even after 32X dose application. No shikimic acid accumulation was detected in the resistant plants at any of the glyphosate concentrations tested. Molecular and genetic analyses revealed a novel triple substitution (TAP-IVS: T102I, A103V, and P106S) in the 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) enzyme of population A and an incipient increase on the epsps relative copy number but without effects on the epsps transcription levels. The novel mechanism was prevalent, with 48% and 52% of the individuals being homozygous and heterozygous for the triple substitution, respectively. In silico conformational studies revealed that TAP-IVS triple substitution would generate an EPSPS with a functional active site but with an increased restriction to glyphosate binding. CONCLUSION The prevalence of the TAP-IVS triple substitution as the sole mechanism detected in the highly glyphosate resistant population suggests the evolution of a new glyphosate resistance mechanism arising in A. hybridus. This is the first report of a naturally occurring EPSPS triple substitution and the first glyphosate target-site resistance mechanism described in A. hybridus. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria E Perotti
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Alvaro S Larran
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (IICAR-CONICET-UNR), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Valeria E Palmieri
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Andrea K Martinatto
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Clarisa E Alvarez
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Daniel Tuesca
- Cátedra de Malezas, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Hugo R Permingeat
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (IICAR-CONICET-UNR), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, Zavalla, Argentina
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22
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Sablok G, Amiryousefi A, He X, Hyvönen J, Poczai P. Sequencing the Plastid Genome of Giant Ragweed ( Ambrosia trifida, Asteraceae) From a Herbarium Specimen. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:218. [PMID: 30873197 PMCID: PMC6403193 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the first plastome sequence of giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida); with this new genome information, we assessed the phylogeny of Asteraceae and the transcriptional profiling against glyphosate resistance in giant ragweed. Assembly and genic features show a normal angiosperm quadripartite plastome structure with no signatures of deviation in gene directionality. Comparative analysis revealed large inversions across the plastome of giant ragweed and the previously sequenced members of the plant family. Asteraceae plastid genomes contain two inversions of 22.8 and 3.3 kb; the former is located between trnS-GCU and trnG-UCC genes, and the latter between trnE-UUC and trnT-GGU genes. The plastid genome sequences of A. trifida and the related species, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, are identical in gene content and arrangement, but they differ in length. The phylogeny is well-resolved and congruent with previous hypotheses about the phylogenetic relationship of Asteraceae. Transcriptomic analysis revealed divergence in the relative expressions at the exonic and intronic levels, providing hints toward the ecological adaptation of the genus. Giant ragweed shows various levels of glyphosate resistance, with introns displaying higher expression patterns at resistant time points after the assumed herbicide treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sablok
- Finnish Museum of Natural History (Botany Unit), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Organismal Evolution and Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ali Amiryousefi
- Finnish Museum of Natural History (Botany Unit), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Organismal Evolution and Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xiaolan He
- Finnish Museum of Natural History (Botany Unit), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Organismal Evolution and Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Hyvönen
- Finnish Museum of Natural History (Botany Unit), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Organismal Evolution and Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Péter Poczai
- Finnish Museum of Natural History (Botany Unit), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Organismal Evolution and Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Palma-Bautista C, Torra J, Garcia MJ, Bracamonte E, Rojano-Delgado AM, Alcántara-de la Cruz R, De Prado R. Reduced Absorption and Impaired Translocation Endows Glyphosate Resistance in Amaranthus palmeri Harvested in Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean from Argentina. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:1052-1060. [PMID: 30624921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson is probably the worst glyphosate-resistant (GR) weed worldwide. The EPSPS (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate-synthase) gene amplification has been reported as the major target-site-resistance (TSR) mechanism conferring resistance to glyphosate in this species. In this study, TSR and non-target-site-resistance (NTSR) mechanisms to glyphosate were characterized in a putative resistant A. palmeri population (GRP), harvested in a GR soybean crop from Argentina. Glyphosate resistance was confirmed for the GRP population by dose-response assays. No evidence of TSR mechanisms, as well as glyphosate metabolism, was found in this population. Moreover, a susceptible population (GSP) that absorbed about 10% more herbicide than the GRP population was evaluated at different periods after treatment. The GSP population translocated about 20% more glyphosate to the remainder of the shoots and roots at 96 h after treatment than the control, while the GRP population retained 62% of herbicide in the treated leaves. This is the first case of glyphosate resistance in A. palmeri involving exclusively NTSR mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joel Torra
- Department d'Hortofructicultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio , Universitat de Lleida , 25198 , Lleida , Spain
| | | | - Enzo Bracamonte
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences , National University of Cordoba (UNC) , 5001 Cordoba , Argentina
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Heap I, Duke SO. Overview of glyphosate-resistant weeds worldwide. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:1040-1049. [PMID: 29024306 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the most widely used and successful herbicide discovered to date, but its utility is now threatened by the occurrence of several glyphosate-resistant weed species. Glyphosate resistance first appeared in Lolium rigidum in an apple orchard in Australia in 1996, ironically the year that the first glyphosate-resistant crop (soybean) was introduced in the USA. Thirty-eight weed species have now evolved resistance to glyphosate, distributed across 37 countries and in 34 different crops and six non-crop situations. Although glyphosate-resistant weeds have been identified in orchards, vineyards, plantations, cereals, fallow and non-crop situations, it is the glyphosate-resistant weeds in glyphosate-resistant crop systems that dominate the area infested and growing economic impact. Glyphosate-resistant weeds present the greatest threat to sustained weed control in major agronomic crops because this herbicide is used to control weeds with resistance to herbicides with other sites of action, and no new herbicide sites of action have been introduced for over 30 years. Industry has responded by developing herbicide resistance traits in major crops that allow existing herbicides to be used in a new way. However, over reliance on these traits will result in multiple-resistance in weeds. Weed control in major crops is at a precarious point, where we must maintain the utility of the herbicides we have until we can transition to new weed management technologies. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Heap
- International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Stephen O Duke
- USDA, ARS, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
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Duke SO. Glyphosate: The world's most successful herbicide under intense scientific scrutiny. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:1025-1026. [PMID: 29582591 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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Bracamonte E, Silveira HMD, Alcántara-de la Cruz R, Domínguez-Valenzuela JA, Cruz-Hipolito HE, De Prado R. From tolerance to resistance: mechanisms governing the differential response to glyphosate in Chloris barbata. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:1118-1124. [PMID: 29384251 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Susceptibility and the mechanism (s) governing tolerance/resistance to glyphosate were characterized in two putative-glyphosate-resistant Chloris barbata populations (R1 and R2), collected in Persian lime orchards from Colima State, Mexico, comparing them with one non-treated population (referred to as S). RESULTS Glyphosate doses required to reduce fresh weight or cause mortality by 50% were 4.2-6.4 times higher in resistant populations than in the S population. The S population accumulated 4.3 and 5.2 times more shikimate than the R2 and R1 populations, respectively. There were no differences in 14 C-glyphosate uptake between R and S populations, but the R plants translocated at least 12% less herbicide to the rest of plant and roots 96 h after treatment. Insignificant amounts of glyphosate were metabolized to aminomethyl phosphonate and glyoxylate in both R and S plants. The 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene of the R populations contained the Pro106-Ser mutation, giving them a resistance 12 (R2) and 14.7 (R1) times greater at target-site level compared with the S population. CONCLUSION The Pro106-Ser mutation governs the resistance to glyphosate of the R1 and R2 C barbata populations, but the impaired translocation could contribute to the resistance. These results confirm the first case of glyphosate resistance evolved in this species. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Bracamonte
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Cordoba (UNC), Cordoba, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | | - Rafael De Prado
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Edaphology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
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Ganie ZA, Jhala AJ. Modeling pollen-mediated gene flow from glyphosate-resistant to -susceptible giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) under field conditions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17067. [PMID: 29213093 PMCID: PMC5719015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16737-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to quantify pollen mediated gene flow (PMGF) from glyphosate-resistant (GR) to glyphosate-susceptible (GS) giant ragweed under simulated field conditions using glyphosate resistance as a selective marker. Field experiments were conducted in a concentric design with the GR giant ragweed pollen source planted in the center and GS giant ragweed pollen receptors surrounding the center in eight directional blocks at specified distances (between 0.1 and 35 m in cardinal and ordinal directions; and additional 50 m for ordinal directions). Seeds of GS giant ragweed were harvested from the pollen receptor blocks and a total of 100,938 giant ragweed plants were screened with glyphosate applied at 2,520 g ae ha-1 and 16,813 plants confirmed resistant. The frequency of PMGF was fit to a double exponential decay model selected by information-theoretic criteria. The highest frequency of gene flow (0.43 to 0.60) was observed at ≤0.5 m from the pollen source and reduced rapidly with increasing distances; however, gene flow (0.03 to 0.04) was detected up to 50 m. The correlation between PMGF and wind parameters was inconsistent in magnitude, direction, and years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahoor A Ganie
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, 68583, Nebraska, USA
| | - Amit J Jhala
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, 68583, Nebraska, USA.
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