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Billamboz M, Jawhara S. Anti- Malassezia Drug Candidates Based on Virulence Factors of Malassezia-Associated Diseases. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2599. [PMID: 37894257 PMCID: PMC10609646 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Malassezia is a lipophilic unicellular fungus that is able, under specific conditions, to cause severe cutaneous and systemic diseases in predisposed subjects. This review is divided into two complementary parts. The first one discusses how virulence factors contribute to Malassezia pathogenesis that triggers skin diseases. These virulence factors include Malassezia cell wall resistance, lipases, phospholipases, acid sphingomyelinases, melanin, reactive oxygen species (ROS), indoles, hyphae formation, hydrophobicity, and biofilm formation. The second section describes active compounds directed specifically against identified virulence factors. Among the strategies for controlling Malassezia spread, this review discusses the development of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) antagonists, inhibition of secreted lipase, and fighting biofilms. Overall, this review offers an updated compilation of Malassezia species, including their virulence factors, potential therapeutic targets, and strategies for controlling their spread. It also provides an update on the most active compounds used to control Malassezia species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Billamboz
- INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1167—RID-AGE—Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France;
- JUNIA, Health and Environment, Laboratory of Sustainable Chemistry and Health, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Samir Jawhara
- CNRS, UMR 8576—UGSF—Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, INSERM U1285, University of Lille, 1 Place Verdun, F-59000 Lille, France
- Medicine Faculty, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Service de Parasitologie Mycologie, Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, F-59000 Lille, France
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2
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Paluch E, Okińczyc P, Zwyrzykowska-Wodzińska A, Szperlik J, Żarowska B, Duda-Madej A, Bąbelewski P, Włodarczyk M, Wojtasik W, Kupczyński R, Szumny A. Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Ilex Leaves Water Extracts. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247442. [PMID: 34946528 PMCID: PMC8707412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants from the Ilex genus are known for properties such as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity, can act as antiobesity agents and thus can be helpful in medicine. Some holly species, such as Ilex paraguariensis (widely known in the form of popular beverage: yerba mate), have been investigated, while others have been partially researched or remain unknown. Therefore, we performed qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses and screened antimicrobial properties of lesser-studied species (I. aquifolium L., I. aquifolium ‘Argentea Marginata’ and I. × meserveae ‘Blue Angel’). I. paraguariensis was used as a standard species for comparison purposes. Investigations were performed on water extracts due to their expected activity and composition. Antimicrobial research included evaluating minimal inhibitory, bactericidal (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and fungicidal concentration (Candida albicans, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, and Aspergillus niger) of extracts. The influence of the extracts on the production, eradication, and viability of bacterial biofilms was also analysed. It was established that Ilex paraguariensis possesses the richest profile of hydroxycinnamic acids derivatives in terms of component concentration and diversity. Ilex spp., especially I. × meserveae, contain a slightly higher amount of flavonoids and more different flavonoid derivatives than I. paraguariensis. However, the strongest antibacterial activity was shown by I. aquifolium L. and its cultivar ‘Argentea Marginata’ in terms of minimal inhibitory, bactericidal and fungicidal concentration, and biofilm assays. Extracts from both species significantly reduced the biofilm viability of S. aureus as well, which may be of use in the production of multicomponent lavaseptics, antiseptics, diuretics (supporting urinary tract infection therapy) and, due to their action on fungi, additives to growth media for specific fungi. The significant content of saponins enables Ilex extracts to be used as natural emulsifiers, for example, in cosmetics. Moreover, relatively high chlorogenic acid and rutin content may suggest use of Ilex spp. to treat obesity, digestive problems, in chemoprevention, and as preservatives in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Paluch
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 4, 50-376 Wrocław, Poland; (E.P.); (A.D.-M.)
| | - Piotr Okińczyc
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence: (P.O.); (P.B.); Tel.: +48-71-784-02-16 (P.O.)
| | - Anna Zwyrzykowska-Wodzińska
- Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (A.Z.-W.); (R.K.)
| | - Jakub Szperlik
- Laboratory of Tissue Culture, Botanical Garden, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Sienkiewicza 23, 50-525 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Barbara Żarowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Anna Duda-Madej
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 4, 50-376 Wrocław, Poland; (E.P.); (A.D.-M.)
| | - Przemysław Bąbelewski
- Department of Horticulture, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki 24A, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (P.O.); (P.B.); Tel.: +48-71-784-02-16 (P.O.)
| | - Maciej Włodarczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Wioleta Wojtasik
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Robert Kupczyński
- Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 38C, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (A.Z.-W.); (R.K.)
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
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3
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Rhimi W, Theelen B, Boekhout T, Aneke CI, Otranto D, Cafarchia C. Conventional therapy and new antifungal drugs against Malassezia infections. Med Mycol 2021; 59:215-234. [PMID: 33099634 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaa087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malassezia yeasts are commensal microorganisms occurring on the skin of humans and animals causing dermatological disorders or systemic infections in severely immunocompromised hosts. Despite attempts to control such yeast infections with topical and systemic antifungals, recurrence of clinical signs of skin infections as well as treatment failure in preventing or treating Malassezia furfur fungemia have been reported most likely due to wrong management of these infections (e.g., due to early termination of treatment) or due to the occurrence of resistant phenomena. Standardized methods for in vitro antifungal susceptibility tests of these yeasts are still lacking, thus resulting in variable susceptibility profiles to azoles among Malassezia spp. and a lack of clinical breakpoints. The inherent limitations to the current pharmacological treatments for Malassezia infections both in humans and animals, stimulated the interest of the scientific community to discover new, effective antifungal drugs or substances to treat these infections. In this review, data about the in vivo and in vitro antifungal activity of the most commonly employed drugs (i.e., azoles, polyenes, allylamines, and echinocandins) against Malassezia yeasts, with a focus on human bloodstream infections, are summarized and their clinical implications are discussed. In addition, the usefulness of alternative compounds is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Rhimi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Bart Theelen
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Teun Boekhout
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chioma Inyang Aneke
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Domenico Otranto
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.,Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Claudia Cafarchia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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4
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Vairagkar U, Mirza Y. Antagonistic Activity of Antimicrobial Metabolites Produced from Seaweed-Associated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MTCC 10456 Against Malassezia spp. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1228-1237. [PMID: 33523421 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09742-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Members of the genus Malassezia are known to be opportunistic pathogens responsible for causing skin disorders such as seborrheic dermatitis or dandruff, pityriasis versicolor, folliculitis, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis. Due to the side effects caused by prolonged use of current topical antifungal agents, development of an alternative treatment is necessary. Fermentative production of antimicrobial metabolites from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MTCC 10456 was carried out, and their antagonistic activity against Malassezia furfur and Malassezia globosa was evaluated. The antifungal metabolites were isolated by acid precipitation, and bioassay-guided simultaneous separation of the antimicrobial compounds was done by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The fraction which demonstrated antifungal activity consisted of bacilysin, homologues of bacillomycin D, and members of the macrolactin family. The presence of bacilysin was detected using specific inhibitor assays and homologues of bacillomycin D, and macrolactins were identified using liquid chromatography/high-resolution electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC/HRESI-MS/MS) analysis. Synergism among the identified compounds was observed which enhanced the antagonistic activity against Malassezia spp. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the co-production and separation of members of macrolactin antibiotics, lipopeptides such as bacillomycin D and dipeptide antibiotic bacilysin, by any Bacillus strain from marine environment. Activity of individual compounds against Malassezia has been reported which may facilitate their application in the field of dermatology and in cosmetic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttara Vairagkar
- Praj-Matrix - R&D Centre (Division of Praj Industries Limited) 402/403/1098, Urawade, Pirangut, Mulshi, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India.,Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yasmin Mirza
- Praj-Matrix - R&D Centre (Division of Praj Industries Limited) 402/403/1098, Urawade, Pirangut, Mulshi, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India.
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5
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Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) a potential food antibacterial agent and combination assays with different classes of antibiotics. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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6
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Pintas SK, Quave CL. A Review of Botanicals Exhibiting Antifungal Activity Against Malassezia spp. Implicated in Common Skin Conditions. CURRENT DERMATOLOGY REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13671-019-00274-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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7
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Kulkarni M, Hastak V, Jadhav V, Date AA. Fenugreek Leaf Extract and Its Gel Formulation Show Activity Against Malassezia furfur. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2019; 18:45-55. [PMID: 31524496 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2019.918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malassezia spp. are commensal yeasts that can cause cutaneous ailments such as dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis. We sought to develop a cost-effective, herbal formulation for the treatment of cutaneous ailments related to Malassezia spp. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum L.) leaves exhibited activity against a clinical isolate and commercial strain of Malassezia furfur. The extracts were also found to be active against other pathogenic fungi such as Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical evaluation of aqueous extract showed a predominant presence of flavonoids apart from alkaloids, saponins, carbohydrates, phenols, and proteins. Gel formulation of 30% aqueous fenugreek leaf extract was developed and optimized using sodium alginate as a gelling agent. The formulation showed good physicochemical characteristics and retained activity against M. furfur during 3-month accelerated stability studies. Furthermore, the developed herbal gel formulation did not show any irritation or sensitization in New Zealand rabbits after topical application, proving its cutaneous safety. Thus, topical gel formulation containing fenugreek leaf aqueous extract could be a safe and effective herbal treatment for various cutaneous fungal infections, including dandruff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhur Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SCES's Indira College of Pharmacy, Tathawade, Pune, India
| | - Vishakha Hastak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SCES's Indira College of Pharmacy, Tathawade, Pune, India
| | - Vitthal Jadhav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SCES's Indira College of Pharmacy, Tathawade, Pune, India
| | - Abhijit A Date
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii
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8
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Petroselli G, Parapugna TL, Lagorio MG, Erra-Balsells R. MALDI- and LDI-MS saponin fingerprint of leaves and stick components of commercial yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis). JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2019; 54:195-203. [PMID: 30586212 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Yerba mate (YM) is massively produced and consumed as an infusion in South America and spreading all over the world. This product is obtained from dried leaves of Ilex paraguariensis Saint Hilaire, mixed with fragments of dried branches (sticks). For its commercialization, YM must have a minimum percentage of leaves because its presence determines YM quality and price. Till today, a mechanical methodology to determine the relative amount of components (sticks, leaves, and powder) is used. There is not any modern analytical method that provides information for quick characterization of the YM components. Typical saponin fingerprints for leaves and sticks were found by using ultraviolet matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization and ultraviolet laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. Then, their possible application as useful tools for quick characterization of components of commercial YM (leaves and sticks) is presented. Furthermore, fingerprints obtained from authentic samples of Ilex paraguariensis and Ilex dumosa are also included and discussed. Each Ilex show typical saponin fingerprints for leaves and sticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Petroselli
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Pabellón II, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tamara L Parapugna
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Gabriela Lagorio
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosa Erra-Balsells
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Pabellón II, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Valduga AT, Gonçalves IL, Magri E, Delalibera Finzer JR. Chemistry, pharmacology and new trends in traditional functional and medicinal beverages. Food Res Int 2018; 120:478-503. [PMID: 31000264 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.10.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Functional and medicinal beverages consumption plays an important role in human health, considering that metabolites, with a wide range of pharmacological effects, are inserted in the human diet. Nowadays, the most consumed beverages are obtained from Camellia sinensis leaves and coffee grain processing, and contain different classes of polyphenols and phenolic acids in their phytochemical composition. Besides C. sinensis and coffee, numerous plants have been receiving attention due to their phytochemical composition and pharmacological effects, such as yerba mate, hibiscus, chamomile, lemongrass, fennel and mentha. Furthermore, atomized or lyophilized medicinal plant extracts can be employed in many beverage formulations and the consumption of these products is an excellent delivery means for nutrients and bioactive compounds, such as: minerals, vitamins, terpenes, antioxidants, saponins, alkaloids and polysaccharides. Innovation in food processing in order to insert functional and medicinal beverages in the human diet poses a challenge for the coming years. The technological development of new processing forms and use of plants with bioactive metabolites could be an important tool in relation to this proposal. In this context, this review has aimed to summarize and analyze pharmacological, phytochemistry and technological aspects of species with classical ethnobotanical and traditional use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Teresa Valduga
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Campus Erechim, Avenida Sete de Setembro, 1621, CEP 99700-000, Erechim, RS, Brazil.
| | - Itamar Luís Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, CEP 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Campus Erechim, Avenida Sete de Setembro, 1621, CEP 99700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ederlan Magri
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Campus Erechim, Avenida Sete de Setembro, 1621, CEP 99700-000, Erechim, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências do Solo, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540 - Juvevê, CEP 80035-050, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - José Roberto Delalibera Finzer
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química, Universidade de Uberaba-UNIUBE, Campus Aeroporto, Av. Nenê Sabino 1802, CEP 38055-500 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
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10
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Novel Beverages of Yerba-Mate and Soy: Bioactive Compounds and Functional Properties. BEVERAGES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages4010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rhimi W, Ben Salem I, Immediato D, Saidi M, Boulila A, Cafarchia C. Chemical Composition, Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Crude Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter Leaf Extracts. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22070942. [PMID: 28665341 PMCID: PMC6151983 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22070942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The small amount of data regarding the antifungal activity of Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter against dermatophytes, Malassezia spp. and Aspergillus spp., associated with the few comparative studies on the antimicrobial activity of methanolic, ethanolic, and butanolic extracts underpins the study herein presented. The total condensed tannin (TCT), phenol (TPC), flavonoid (TFC), and caffeoylquinic acid (CQC) content of methanol, butanol, and ethanol (80% and 100%) extracts of D. viscosa were assessed and their bactericidal and fungicidal activities were evaluated. The antibacterial, anti-Candida and anti-Malassezia activities were evaluated by using the disk diffusion method, whereas the anti-Microsporum canis and anti-Aspergillus fumigatus activities were assessed by studying the toxicity effect of the extracts on vegetative growth, sporulation and germination. The methanolic extract contained the highest TPC and CQC content. It contains several phytochemicals mainly caffeoylquinic acid derivatives as determined by liquid chromatography with photodiode array and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometric detection (LC/PDA/ESI-MS) analysis. All extracts showed an excellent inhibitory effect against bacteria and Candida spp., whereas methanolic extract exhibited the highest antifungal activities against Malassezia spp., M. canis and A. fumigatus strains. The results clearly showed that all extracts, in particular the methanolic extract, might be excellent antimicrobial drugs for treating infections that are life threatening (i.e., Malassezia) or infections that require mandatory treatments (i.e., M. canis or A. fumigatus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Rhimi
- Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technolog, National Centre of Nuclear Science and Technology (CNSTN), Sidi Thabet Technopark, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia.
| | - Issam Ben Salem
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technolog, National Centre of Nuclear Science and Technology (CNSTN), Sidi Thabet Technopark, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia.
| | - Davide Immediato
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy.
| | - Mouldi Saidi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technolog, National Centre of Nuclear Science and Technology (CNSTN), Sidi Thabet Technopark, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia.
| | - Abdennacer Boulila
- Laboratory of Natural Substances LR10INRAP02, National Institute of Research and Physico-chemical Analyses, Biotechpole of Sidi Thabet, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia.
| | - Claudia Cafarchia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy.
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Frizon CNT, Dagostin JLA, Nisgoski S, Ribani M, Hoffmann-Ribani R. Microwave drying and NIR spectroscopy for the rapid moisture measurement of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis)leaves during storage. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1343834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Silvana Nisgoski
- Department of Forest Engineering and Technology, Federal University of Paraná, CIFLOMA - Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ribani
- Paraná Technology Institute, Fine Chemistry Laboratory, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Portela JL, Soares D, Rosa H, Roos DH, Pinton S, Ávila DS, Puntel RL. Ilex paraguariensis crude extract acts on protection and reversion from damage induced by t-butyl hydroperoxide in human erythrocytes: a comparative study with isolated caffeic and/or chlorogenic acids. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:2007-2014. [PMID: 27545589 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies comparing the effects of phytochemicals under different regimens of exposure are necessary to give a better indication about their mechanism(s) of protection. Hence, in the present study, we investigated the preventive (pre-incubation), protective (co-incubation) and/or remediative (post-incubation) activity of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acids, in comparison with Ilex paraguariensis crude extract, against t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced damage to human erythrocytes. RESULTS We found that both caffeic and chlorogenic acids were able to prevent and revert the hemolysis associated with t-BHP exposure. By contrast, isolated compounds (alone or in combination) presented no effect on basal and/or t-BHP-induced non-protein thiol (NPSH) oxidation or production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBBARS). In turn, I. paraguariensis extract was effective to prevent, protect and revert the hemolysis associated with t-BHP exposure. Moreover, I. paraguariensis significantly protects and reverts t-BHP-induced NPSH oxidation and TBARS production. CONCLUSIONS We have found that I. paraguariensis extract acts better with respect to the protection and reversion of t-BHP-associated changes, whereas isolated compounds are more active in preventing and reverting t-BHP pro-hemolytic action. Moreover, our data suggest that the pro-hemolytic activity of t-BHP may occur via mechanism(s) other(s) than lipid peroxidation and/or NPSH oxidation. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luiz Portela
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, 97500-970, RS, Brazil
| | - Deividi Soares
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, 97500-970, RS, Brazil
| | - Hemerson Rosa
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, 97500-970, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Henrique Roos
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, 97500-970, RS, Brazil
| | - Simone Pinton
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, 97500-970, RS, Brazil
| | - Daiana Silva Ávila
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, 97500-970, RS, Brazil
| | - Robson L Puntel
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Uruguaiana, BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, 97500-970, RS, Brazil
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Gerke IB, Hamerski F, Scheer AP, Silva VR. Clarification of crude extract of yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis ) by membrane processes: Analysis of fouling and loss of bioactive compounds. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mahmoudi E, Saeidi M, Marashi MA, Moafi A, Mahmoodi V, Zeinolabedini Zamani M. In vitro activity of kombucha tea ethyl acetate fraction against Malassezia species isolated from seborrhoeic dermatitis. Curr Med Mycol 2016; 2:30-36. [PMID: 28959793 PMCID: PMC5611694 DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.cmm.2.4.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic and recurrent superficial dermatitis in which Malassezia species play an important role. There are different Malassezia species, which have been recently reported to be resistant to common antifungals. Natural sources can be useful alternatives to reduce the emergence of this resistance. Kombucha tea is believed to have potential antimicrobial properties. Regarding this, the present study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of Kombucha tea ethyl acetate fraction (KEAF) against Malassezia species obtained from the patients with seborrheic dermatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 23 clinical isolates were identified by direct microscopic examination and Tween assimilation, and then confirmed by DNA sequencing of ITS regions for Malassezia species. Kombucha tea was fractionated using ethyl acetate (1:2 v/v). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) microdilution assay was used to evaluate the anti-Malssezia activity of KEAF at three concentrations of 10, 40, and 80 mg/mL. RESULTS The results of the DNA sequence analysis indicated that M. furfur (39.13%) was the predominant species, followed by M. globosa (30.43%), M. sloofie (13.04%), M. sympodialis (13.04%), and M. restricta (4.34%), respectively. Furthermore, KEAF showed inhibitory activity against Malassezia species. Accordingly, KEAF had the lowest and highest MIC value against M. sloofie and M. restricta, respectively. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of the extract was equivalent to that of ketoconazole at 4.8 µg/mL. CONCLUSION The findings of the current study highlighted the antifungal properties of KEAF. Therefore, this extract can be promoted as complementary medicine for the treatment of the infections caused by Malassezia.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mahmoudi
- Department of Mycology, Medical School, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - M Saeidi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - MA Marashi
- Department of Bacteriology, Medical School, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - A Moafi
- School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - V Mahmoodi
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e Kord, Iran
| | - M Zeinolabedini Zamani
- Department of Pathobiology, Food Microbiology Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hahn M, Baierle M, Charão MF, Bubols GB, Gravina FS, Zielinsky P, Arbo MD, Cristina Garcia S. Polyphenol-rich food general and on pregnancy effects: a review. Drug Chem Toxicol 2016; 40:368-374. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2016.1212365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marla Hahn
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
| | - Marília Baierle
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
| | - Mariele F. Charão
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
- Toxicological Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil,
| | - Guilherme B. Bubols
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
| | - Fernanda S. Gravina
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
| | - Paulo Zielinsky
- Cardiology Institute, University Foundation of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, and
| | - Marcelo D. Arbo
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Solange Cristina Garcia
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
- Cardiology Institute, University Foundation of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, and
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Parapugna TL, Petroselli G, Erra-Basells R, Lagorio MG. Biospectroscopy, biospectrometry and imaging of Ilex paraguariensis. Basis for non-destructive quality evaluation using artificial vision. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 15:879-88. [DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00054a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Optical indicators related to the nutraceutical content derived from fluorescence, reflectance and imaging ofIlex paraguariensishave been developed. The results are complemented with mass spectrometry analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara L. Parapugna
- INQUIMAE-CONICET/Dpto. de Química Inorgánica
- Analítica y Química Física
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Buenos Aires
| | - Gabriela Petroselli
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET/Dpto. de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Rosa Erra-Basells
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET/Dpto. de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - M. Gabriela Lagorio
- INQUIMAE-CONICET/Dpto. de Química Inorgánica
- Analítica y Química Física
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Buenos Aires
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Brun LR, Brance ML, Lombarte M, Maher MC, Di Loreto VE, Rigalli A. Effects of Yerba Mate (IIex paraguariensis) on Histomorphometry, Biomechanics, and Densitometry on Bones in the Rat. Calcif Tissue Int 2015. [PMID: 26223790 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-015-0043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is a xanthine-containing beverage, which is also rich in caffeine. Because caffeine has a negative impact on bone mineral density (BMD) mainly associated with low calcium (Ca) diets, there would be expected a negative effect of yerba mate on bone. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were used and randomly assigned into four groups (n = 6/group): Control + Ca 0.2 g %; Control + Ca 0.9 g %; Yerba + Ca 0.2 g %; Yerba + Ca 0.9 g %. At the end of the experiment, tibias and femurs were obtained for BMD, morphometric, histomorphometric, and biomechanical analyses. While there was no difference in bone parameters between rats with and without yerba mate consumption, a negative effect of low Ca diet was observed in BMD, morphometric, histomorphometric, and biomechanical results. Interaction between Ca content in the diet and yerba mate was only found in trabecular bone volume, which would indicate that the negative effect of low Ca intake on bone volume is reversed in part by yerba mate infusion. However, yerba mate was not able to reverse the negative effect of low Ca content on biomechanical properties and trabecular connectivity. In summary, at least in our study, yerba mate would not have a negative effect on bone and would be safe for the bone health of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas R Brun
- Bone Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Rosario National University, Rosario, Argentina.
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Cátedra de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Santa Fe 3100, (2000) Rosario, Argentina.
| | - María L Brance
- Bone Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Rosario National University, Rosario, Argentina
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Lombarte
- Bone Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Rosario National University, Rosario, Argentina
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Cielo Maher
- Bone Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Rosario National University, Rosario, Argentina
| | | | - Alfredo Rigalli
- Bone Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Rosario National University, Rosario, Argentina
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Rosario National University Research Council, Rosario, Argentina
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Butiuk AP, Adachi O, Hours RA. Yerba mate as a novel inducer for fungal chlorogenate hydrolase production. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Burris KP, Higginbotham KL, Stewart C. Aqueous extracts of yerba mate as bactericidal agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a microbiological medium and ground beef mixtures. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Gonzalez-Gil F, Diaz-Sanchez S, Pendleton S, Andino A, Zhang N, Yard C, Crilly N, Harte F, Hanning I. Yerba mate enhances probiotic bacteria growth in vitro but as a feed additive does not reduce Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in vivo. Poult Sci 2014; 93:434-40. [PMID: 24570466 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is a tea known to have beneficial effects on human health and antimicrobial activity against some foodborne pathogens. Thus, the application of yerba mate as a feed additive for broiler chickens to reduce Salmonella colonization was evaluated. The first in vitro evaluation was conducted by suspending Salmonella Enteritidis and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in yerba mate extract. The in vivo evaluations were conducted using preventative and horizontal transmission experiments. In all experiments, day-of-hatch chicks were treated with one of the following 1) no treatment (control); 2) ground yerba mate in feed; 3) probiotic treatment (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Pediococcus; 9:1 administered once on day of hatch by gavage); or 4) both yerba mate and probiotic treatments. At d 3, all chicks were challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis (preventative experiment) or 5 of 20 chicks (horizontal transmission experiment). At d 10, all birds were euthanized, weighed, and cecal contents enumerated for Salmonella. For the in vitro evaluation, antimicrobial activity was observed against Salmonella and the same treatment enhanced growth of LAB. For in vivo evaluations, none of the yerba mate treatments significantly reduced Salmonella Enteritidis colonization, whereas the probiotic treatment significantly reduced Salmonella colonization in the horizontal transmission experiment. Yerba mate decreased chicken BW and decreased the performance of the probiotic treatment when used in combination. In conclusion, yerba mate had antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens and enhanced the growth of LAB in vitro, but in vivo yerba mate did not decrease Salmonella Enteritidis colonization.
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Research progress in the phytochemistry and biology of Ilex pharmaceutical resources. Acta Pharm Sin B 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Burris KP, Davidson PM, Stewart CN, Zivanovic S, Harte FM. Aqueous extracts of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) as a natural antimicrobial against Escherichia coli O157:H7 in a microbiological medium and pH 6.0 apple juice. J Food Prot 2012; 75:753-7. [PMID: 22488066 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ilex paraguariensis is popularly used in the preparation of a tea infusion (yerba mate), most commonly produced and consumed in the South American countries of Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil. In this study, aqueous extracts of commercial tea, derived from the holly plant species I. paraguariensis were evaluated for their ability to inhibit or inactivate Escherichia coli O157:H7 in a microbiological medium and modified apple juice. Dialyzed, lyophilized aqueous extracts were screened for antimicrobial activity against E. coli O157:H7 strains ATCC 43894 and 'Cider' in tryptic soy broth (TSB) and apple juice (adjusted to pH 6.0 to allow for growth of the bacterium). A mixture of the two strains was used as the inoculum when apple juice was used as the medium. MBCs were determined to be ca. 5 and 10 mg/ml for ATCC 43894 and 'Cider', respectively, in TSB. Higher concentrations of the extract were required to inactivate E. coli O157:H7 in pH-adjusted apple juice. An approximate 4.5-log reduction was observed for E. coli O157:H7 treated with 40 mg/ml extract. It was concluded that aqueous extracts from commercial yerba mate have potential to be used as antimicrobials in foods and beverages against pathogenic E. coli O157:H7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellie P Burris
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996-4591, USA
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Bracesco N, Sanchez AG, Contreras V, Menini T, Gugliucci A. Recent advances on Ilex paraguariensis research: minireview. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 136:378-84. [PMID: 20599603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Revised: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Ilex paraguariensis dried and minced leaves are made into a brewed tea, prepared in a sui generis manner by large populations in South America, having evolved from a tea drunk by the Guarani ethnic group to a beverage that has a social and almost ritualistic role in some South American modern societies. It is used both as a source of caffeine, in lieu or in parallel with tea and coffee, but also as a therapeutic agent for its alleged pharmacological properties. Although with some exceptions, research on biomedical properties of this herb has had a late start and strongly lags behind the impressive amount of literature on green tea and coffee. However, in the past 15 years, there was a several-fold increase in the literature studying Ilex paraguariensis properties showing effects such as antioxidant properties in chemical models and ex vivo lipoprotein studies, vaso-dilating and lipid reduction properties, antimutagenic effects, controversial association with oropharyngeal cancer, anti-glycation effects and weight reduction properties. Lately, promising results from human intervention studies have surfaced and the literature offers several developments on this area. The aim of this review is to provide a concise summary of the research published in the past three years, with an emphasis on translational studies, inflammation and lipid metabolism. Ilex paraguariensis reduces LDL-cholesterol levels in humans with Ilex paraguariensis dyslipoproteinemia and the effect is synergic with that of statins. Plasma antioxidant capacity as well as expression of antioxidant enzymes is positively modulated by intervention with Ilex paraguariensis in human cohorts. A review on the evidence implicating Ilex paraguariensis heavy consumption with some neoplasias show data that are inconclusive but indicate that contamination with alkylating agents during the drying process of the leaves should be avoided. On the other hand, several new studies confirm the antimutagenic effects of Ilex paraguariensis in different models, from DNA double breaks in cell culture models to mice studies. Novel interesting work has emerged showing significant effect on weight reduction both in mice and in rat models. Some mechanisms involved are inhibition of pancreatic lipase, activation of AMPK and uncoupling of electron transport. Intervention studies in animals have provided strong evidence of anti-inflammatory effects of Ilex paraguariensis, notably protecting cigarette-induced lung inflammation acting on macrophage migration and inactivating matrix-metalloproteinase. Research on the effects of Ilex paraguariensis in health and disease has confirmed its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic and lipid-lowering activities. Although we are still waiting for the double-blind, randomized prospective clinical trial, the evidence seems to provide support for beneficial effects of mate drinking on chronic diseases with inflammatory component and lipid metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bracesco
- Lab Radiobiología Dpt. Biofísica, Facultades de Medicina y Ciencias, University de la República, Uruguay
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Burris KP, Davidson PM, Stewart CN, Harte FM. Antimicrobial activity of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) aqueous extracts against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus. J Food Sci 2011; 76:M456-62. [PMID: 22417517 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bioactive compounds from natural plant sources are becoming increasingly important to the food industry. Ilex paraguariensis is used in the preparation of a widely popular tea beverage (Yerba Mate) in the countries of Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil. In this study, extracts of 4 brands of commercial tea, derived from the holly plant species, Ilex paraguariensis, were evaluated for their ability to inhibit or inactivate bacterial foodborne pathogens. The ultimate goal was to evaluate potential use of the extracts in commercial applications. Dialyzed aqueous extracts were screened for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus. S. aureus was found to be the more sensitive to extracts than E. coli O157:H7. Minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were determined to be approximately 150 to 800 μg/mL and 25 to 50 μg/mL against E. coli O157:H7 and S. aureus, respectively. A Uruguayan brand had reduced activity against E. coli O157:H7 compared to the Argentinean brands tested. It was concluded that Yerba Mate could be used as a potential antimicrobial in foods and beverages against these pathogenic bacteria. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Soluble extracts from Yerba Mate are natural antimicrobials that can be incorporated into food products to achieve longer shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellie P Burris
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2605 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996-4591 USA
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