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Kuang L, You Y, Qi J, Chen J, Zhou X, Ji S, Cheng J, Kwan HY, Jiang P, Sun X, Su M, Wang M, Chen W, Luo R, Zhao X, Zhou L. Qi-dan-dihuang decoction ameliorates renal fibrosis in diabetic rats via p38MAPK/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3481-3499. [PMID: 38456329 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Qi-dan-dihuang decoction (QDD) has been used to treat diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE This study reveals the mechanism by which QDD ameliorates DKD. MATERIALS AND METHODS The compounds in QDD were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Key targets and signaling pathways were screened through bioinformatics. Nondiabetic Lepr db/m mice were used as control group, while Lepr db/db mice were divided into model group, dapagliflozin group, 1% QDD-low (QDD-L), and 2% QDD-high (QDD-H) group. After 12 weeks of administration, 24 h urinary protein, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels were detected. Kidney tissues damage and fibrosis were evaluated by pathological staining. In addition, 30 mmol/L glucose-treated HK-2 and NRK-52E cells to induce DKD model. Cell activity and migration capacity as well as protein expression levels were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 46 key target genes were identified. Functional enrichment analyses showed that key target genes were significantly enriched in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. In addition, in vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that QDD ameliorated renal fibrosis in diabetic mice by resolving inflammation and inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the p38MAPK and AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION QDD inhibits EMT and the inflammatory response through the p38MAPK and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, thereby playing a protective role in renal fibrosis in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyan Kuang
- Endocrinology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanting You
- Endocrinology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Taishan People's Hospital, Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Southern Medical University, Taishan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieying Qi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieyu Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinghong Zhou
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuai Ji
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingru Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hiu Yee Kwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengting Su
- Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenxiao Chen
- Taishan People's Hospital, Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base of Southern Medical University, Taishan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ren Luo
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Endocrinology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Zhumaliyeva G, Zhussupova A, Zhusupova GE, Błońska-Sikora E, Cerreto A, Omirbekova N, Zhunusbayeva Z, Gemejiyeva N, Ramazanova M, Wrzosek M, Ross SA. Natural Compounds of Salvia L. Genus and Molecular Mechanism of Their Biological Activity. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3151. [PMID: 38137372 PMCID: PMC10740457 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of medicinal plants is important, as they are the natural reserve of potent biologically active compounds. With wide use in traditional medicine and the inclusion of several species (as parts and as a whole plant) in pharmacopeia, species from the genus Salvia L. are known for the broad spectrum of their biological activities. Studies suggest that these plants possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anticancer, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiangiogenic, hepatoprotective, cognitive and memory-enhancing effects. Phenolic acids, terpenoids and flavonoids are important phytochemicals, which are primarily responsible for the medicinal activity of Salvia L. This review collects and summarizes currently available data on the pharmacological properties of sage, outlining its principal physiologically active components, and it explores the molecular mechanism of their biological activity. Particular attention was given to the species commonly found in Kazakhstan, especially to Salvia trautvetteri Regel, which is native to this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaziza Zhumaliyeva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.Z.); (N.O.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Aizhan Zhussupova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.Z.); (N.O.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Galiya E. Zhusupova
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Organic Substances, Natural Compounds and Polymers, NPJSC Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.E.Z.)
| | - Ewelina Błońska-Sikora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (E.B.-S.)
| | - Antonella Cerreto
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.)
| | - Nargul Omirbekova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.Z.); (N.O.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhazira Zhunusbayeva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.Z.); (N.O.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Nadezhda Gemejiyeva
- Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, 36D/1 Timiryazev Str., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (N.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Madina Ramazanova
- Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, 36D/1 Timiryazev Str., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (N.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Małgorzata Wrzosek
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Laboratory of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry at the Preclinical Research Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Samir A. Ross
- School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, P.O. Box 1848, University, MS 38677, USA; (S.A.R.)
- School of Pharmacy, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
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Li A, Cui W, Zhao Y, Luo T, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Li K, Qin X, Zhang L. Exploration of the main effective constituent and the mechanism in Astragali Radix in the treatment for doxorubicin-induced nephropathy by integrating metabolomics and molecular docking. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116074. [PMID: 36577490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Astragali Radix (AR) is the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao or A. membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. AR was the main medicine in a Chinese traditional prescription called Fangji Huangqi Decoction, and it has been used to treating nephrotic syndrome (NS) for thousands of years in China. In recent years, AR has been evidenced to have anti-inflammatory activity, antihyperglycemic activity, antioxidant activity, etc. There are two mainstream commodities for ARs in the market including the imitation wild AR and transplanted AR. However, it is not clear whether the imitation wild AR or transplanted AR and which kind of component, astragalus saponin, astragalus flavonoid or astragalus polysaccharide, makes a bigger contribution in treating NS. And the exact molecular mechanism is not fully understood. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore which kind of AR and which kind of component in AR makes the bigger contribution in treating NS, and exploring the molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, HPLC-UV/ELSD was used for quantitative determination of the constituents in different ARs. Secondly, the efficacy of different ARs treating doxorubicin-induced nephropathy (DN) was compared by metabolomics. Thirdly, the protective effects of different constituents from ARs on the damage of MPC5 cells induced by adriamycin are validated. Finally, the effective constituents and mechanism of ARs against doxorubicin-induced nephropathy were investigated by network pharmacology and molecular docking. RESULTS Quantitative determination experiment and pharmacological experiment indicated that the AR produced from Gansu province (China) (transplanted AR) with a higher proportion of total saponins, has better efficacy in the treatment for DN. And the cell experiment validated the result that astragalus saponins has the better efficacy in protecting the podocyte against injury than astragalus flavonoids and polysaccharides. The network pharmacology and molecular docking study indicated that astragalus saponins were the main constituent of AR in the treatment for DN. The mechanism may involve in GnRH signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway and metabolic pathways, especially of bilirubin metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Transplanted AR has better efficacy in the treatment for NS than imitation wild AR, astragalus saponins have better efficacy in the treatment for NS than astragalus flavonoids and polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenbo Cui
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Health Vocational College, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Yirui Zhao
- Shanxi Provincial Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, No. 13, Fudong Street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, 030013, Shanxi, China
| | - Tingting Luo
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuetao Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Ke Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China.
| | - Lichao Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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An Q, Wu M, Yang C, Feng Y, Xu X, Su H, Zhang G. Salviae miltiorrhiza against human lung cancer: A review of its mechanism (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:139. [PMID: 36845955 PMCID: PMC9947574 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the commonest malignant tumors in the world today, causing millions of mortalities every year. New methods to treat lung cancer are urgently needed. Salviae miltiorrhiza Bunge is a common Chinese medicine, often used for promoting blood circulation. In the past 20 years, Salviae miltiorrhiza has made significant progress in the treatment of lung cancer and is considered to be one of the most promising methods to fight against the disease. A great amount of research has shown that the mechanism of Salviae miltiorrhiza against human lung cancer mainly includes inhibiting the proliferation of lung cancer cells, promoting lung cancer cell apoptosis, inducing cell autophagy, regulating immunity and resisting angiogenesis. Research has shown that Salviae miltiorrhiza has certain effects on the resistance to chemotherapy drugs. The present review discussed the status and prospects of Salviae miltiorrhiza against human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen An
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Mengting Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Chuqi Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Yewen Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Xuefei Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Hang Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Guangji Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Traditional Chinese Medicine ‘Preventing Disease’ Wisdom Health Project Research Center of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Guangji Zhang, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 526 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
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Yang Z, Qi J, Ping D, Sun X, Tao Y, Liu C, Peng Y. Salvia miltiorrhiza in thorax and abdomainal organ fibrosis: A review of its pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:999604. [PMID: 36204239 PMCID: PMC9530895 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.999604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ fibrosis is a common pathological change that finally results in organ failure, which involves the destruction of parenchyma cells, the activation of mesenchymal cells and the imbalance of immunological cells. In recent years, although some breakthroughs have been made in understanding the pathogenesis and therapeutics of organ fibrosis, no registered drugs could directly target the fibrotic process, which constitutes a major biomedical challenge. Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) is a well-known medicinal plant in China, which has been widely applied because of its pharmacological effects on anti-oxidative, anti-myocardial infarction, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-neoplastic properties. Accumulated evidence suggested that SM played critical roles against organ fibrosis in vivo and in vitro experiments by its multiple biological compounds. In this review, we discussed the recent advances on the phytochemistry and pharmacological mechanisms of SM and its active ingredients in liver, lung, kidney, and heart fibrosis, which might help to promote the treatment of fibrotic diseases in thorax and abdomainal viscera in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingshu Qi
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dabing Ping
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Tao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenghai Liu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Chenghai Liu, ; Yuan Peng,
| | - Yuan Peng
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Chenghai Liu, ; Yuan Peng,
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Hao J, Huang X, Guan J, Feng J, Li D, Cao S, Li Y, Liao Y, Sun X, Liu D, Li X. Shenkang injection protects against renal fibrosis by reducing perforin expression through the STING/TBK1/IRF3 signaling pathways in natural killer cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154206. [PMID: 35724525 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune activation, chronic inflammation, and renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) are associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The herbal formula, Shenkang injection (SKI), has been reported to attenuate RIF. However, the mechanisms by which SKI alleviates renal fibrosis, especially the role of natural killer (NK) cells, are unknown and require exploration. PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the mechanisms by which SKI alleviates RIF. METHODS Differential gene expression between CKD mice and control groups was explored using bioinformatics analysis. To reveal how SKI reduces RIF in CKD, a CKD mouse model was established using folic acid for in vivo studies, and human kidney-2 cells were used for in vitro experiments. The effects of various SKI doses were then determined. Immunohistochemical staining, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting, and quantitative real-time PCR were used for pathological and molecular expression detection. RESULTS We first investigated the potential immune dysfunction in CKD using bioinformatics analysis. Some differentially expressed genes were enriched in immune-related functions. The expressions of perforin and interferon (IFN)-γ, which are mainly released by NK cells, were significantly higher in patients with CKD (p< 0.05). In vivo experiments showed that SKI alleviated renal fibrosis in a folic acid-induced renal fibrosis model. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were reduced in the high-dose SKI-treated group. Additionally, the mRNA and protein expression levels of type IV collagen and alpha-spinal muscular atrophy were reduced. Biochemical detection showed that SKI could also downregulate the activity of NK cells (by decreasing the expressions of perforin and IFN-γ). Increased levels of stimulator of interferon genes (STING)/TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1)/IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), phosphorylation of TBK1, and IRF3 in FA-induced RIF mice were alleviated by SKI treatment, which was consistent with the results of in vitro experiments. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that SKI could decrease the activation of NK cells via the STING/TBK1/IRF3 signaling pathway, thereby alleviating RIF and protecting renal function in CKD. This may provide valuable evidence supporting the clinical use of SKI in the treatment of patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Hao
- Department of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of General practice medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Jibin Guan
- Masonic cancer center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA
| | - Jingwen Feng
- Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110005, China
| | - Dongyang Li
- Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110005, China
| | - Shiyu Cao
- Department of General practice medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Department of General practice medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Yong Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Xiaotian Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing South Medical District, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100161, China.
| | - Dajun Liu
- Department of General practice medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
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Wang F, Huang S, Chen Q, Hu Z, Li Z, Zheng P, Liu X, Li S, Zhang S, Chen J. Chemical characterisation and quantification of the major constituents in the Chinese herbal formula Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen pill by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2020; 31:915-929. [PMID: 32488993 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen pill (JPYSP) is a Chinese medicine formula developed for the treatment of anaemic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). OBJECTIVE To investigate the chemical profile of JPYSP in the treatment of renal anaemia. METHODS A method coupling ultra-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was established to characterise the chemical constituents present in JPYSP. Subsequently, a high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) was developed to quantify the major constituents from the identified compounds related to the treatment of CKD and anaemia. RESULTS A total of 71 compounds were tentatively identified from JPYSP, including saponins, flavonoids, sesquiterpenoids, coumarins, phenylpropanoids, anthranones, anthraquinones, tannins, phenolic acids and others. Amongst them, 12 compounds (i.e. astragaloside IV, calycosin, calycosin 7-O-glucoside, salvianolic acid A, rosmarinic acid, rhein, liquiritin, formononetin, atractylenolide I, dioscin, tanshinone IIA, and acteoside) were further quantified simultaneously by HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. CONCLUSION The newly developed approach is suitable for the chemical profiling analysis and quality control of JPYSP, and could lead to additional pharmacodynamic studies involving the components of JPYSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fochang Wang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiugu Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhaoliu Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhonggui Li
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shunmin Li
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shangbin Zhang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Boozari M, Hosseinzadeh H. Preventing contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) with herbal medicines: A review. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1130-1146. [PMID: 33015894 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Currently, the use of iodinated contrast media in diagnostic imaging has been increased in clinical medicine. Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an important adverse effect of contrast media injection. According to the significant role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of CIN, different herbal antioxidants have been used for the prevention of nephropathy in different studies. In this review, we discussed the preventive effects of herbal medicine and natural products against CIN. METHODS We searched the electronic databases or search engines including PubMed, Scopus, ISI, Google Scholar with search terms such as "Contrast-induced nephropathy" and "Herbal medicine," "Contrast acute kidney injury" AND "natural products" and similar headings such as plant and extract. RESULTS Known medicinal plants and active ingredients such as green tea, ginger, garlic, silymarin, curcumin, resveratrol, and thymoquinone have been examined for prophylactic effects or treatment of contrast media nephropathy. CONCLUSION Herbal medicines have promising effects in the laboratory-based studies for the prevention and/or treatment of CIN. However, more practical and completed clinical trials are needed to investigate the clinical benefits of natural products against CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motahareh Boozari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Deng Y, Zhang L, Wen A, Xu D, Wang W, Hou Y, Liu Z, Yang L, Shen T, Luo Q, Wu W, Ou Y. Effect of Chinese medicine prescription on nephrotic syndrome: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20622. [PMID: 32502039 PMCID: PMC7306324 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a common chronic recurrent kidney disease. Many trials have shown that Chinese medicine prescription (CMP) can effectively treat NS. The program aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CMP for NS. METHODS This systematic evaluation will entail an electronic and manual search of all CMP for NS from inception to February, 2020, regardless of the publication status or language. Databases include PubMed, Embase, Springer, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, the World Health Organization International Clinical Trial Registration Platform, the Chinese Medicine Database, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, the China Science Journal Database, and the Wanfang Database. Other sources of information, including bibliographies and meeting minutes for identified publications, will also be searched. A manual search for grey literature, including unpublished conference articles will be performed. Additionally, any clinical randomized controlled trials related to CMP for NS, regardless of the publication status and language limitations, will be included in the study. Study selection, data extraction, and research quality assessments will be conducted independently by 2 researchers. The main result was the total clinical efficacy rate or other validated scales after at least 2 weeks of treatment. Secondary outcomes included 24-hour urine protein quantification, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin 6, recurrence rates and adverse events during follow-up. Implement the Cochrane RevMan V5.3 bias assessment tool to assess bias risk, data integration risk, meta-analysis risk, and subgroup analysis risk (if conditions are met). Mean difference, standard mean deviation and binary data will be used to represent continuous results. RESULTS This study will provide a comprehensive review and evaluation of CMP for the treatment of NS. CONCLUSION This study will provide new evidence for evaluating the effectiveness and side effects of CMP on NS. Since the data is not personalized, formal ethical approval is not required. INPLASY REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY202040181.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Deng
- Nephropathy Department, Sichuan Second Chinese Medicine Hospital
| | - Leixiao Zhang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Aiwei Wen
- Nephropathy Department, Sichuan Second Chinese Medicine Hospital
| | - Dongxian Xu
- Nephropathy Department, Sichuan Second Chinese Medicine Hospital
| | - Wenping Wang
- Nephropathy Department, Sichuan Second Chinese Medicine Hospital
| | - Yuhao Hou
- Nephropathy Department, Sichuan Second Chinese Medicine Hospital
| | - Zhen Liu
- Nephropathy Department, Sichuan Second Chinese Medicine Hospital
| | - Lin Yang
- Nephropathy Department, Sichuan Second Chinese Medicine Hospital
| | - Tao Shen
- Nephropathy Department, Sichuan Second Chinese Medicine Hospital
| | - Qin Luo
- Nephropathy Department, Sichuan Second Chinese Medicine Hospital
| | - Wei Wu
- Nephropathy Department, Sichuan Second Chinese Medicine Hospital
| | - Yuanshu Ou
- Nephropathy Department, Sichuan Second Chinese Medicine Hospital
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Li W, Sargsyan D, Wu R, Li S, Wang L, Cheng D, Kong AN. DNA Methylome and Transcriptome Alterations in High Glucose-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy Cellular Model and Identification of Novel Targets for Treatment by Tanshinone IIA. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1977-1988. [PMID: 31525975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a diabetes complication that comes from overactivation of Renin-Angiotensin System, excessive pro-inflammatory factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, and potential epigenetic changes. Tanshinone IIA (TIIA), a diterpene quinone phytochemical, has been shown to possess powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, epigenetics, and protective effects against different diseases including DN by inhibiting ROS induced by high glucose (HG). However, epigenomic and transcriptomic study of DN and the protective effect of TIIA are lacking. In this study, next-generation sequencing of RNA and DNA methylation profiles on the potential underlying mechanisms of a DN model in mouse kidney mesangial mes13 cells challenged with HG and treatment with TIIA were conducted. Bioinformatic analysis coupled with Ingenuity Pathway analysis of RNA-seq was performed, and 1780 genes from HG/LG and 1416 genes from TIIA/HG were significantly altered. Several pro-inflammatory pathways like leukotriene biosynthesis and eicosanoid signaling pathways were activated by HG stimulation, while TIIA treatment would enhance glutathione-mediated detoxification pathway to overcome the excess oxidative stress and inflammation triggered by HG. Combination analysis of RNA-seq and Methyl-seq data sets, DNA methylation, and RNA expression of a list of DN associated genes, Nmu, Fgl2, Glo, and Kcnip2, were found to be altered in HG-induced mes13 DN model, and TIIA treatment would effectively restore the alterations. Taken together, these findings provide novel insights into the understanding of how epigenetic/epigenomic modifications could affect the progression of DN and the potential preventive effect of TIIA in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenji Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, P. R. China,Jiangsu Key laboratory of integrated traditional Chinese and Western
Medicine for prevention and treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, P. R. China
| | - Davit Sargsyan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Shanyi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Lujing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - David Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , 160 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
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11
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Luo Y, Feng Y, Song L, He GQ, Li S, Bai SS, Huang YJ, Li SY, Almutairi MM, Shi HL, Wang Q, Hong M. A network pharmacology-based study on the anti-hepatoma effect of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae. Chin Med 2019; 14:27. [PMID: 31406500 PMCID: PMC6685170 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-019-0249-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (RSM), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown to inhibit tumorigenesis in various human cancers. However, the anticancer effects of RSM on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the underlying mechanisms of action remain to be fully elucidated. METHODS In this study, we aimed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of RSM in the treatment of HCC using a network pharmacology approach. In vivo and in vitro experiments were also performed to validate the therapeutic effects of RSM on HCC. RESULTS In total, 62 active compounds from RSM and 72 HCC-related targets were identified through network pharmacological analysis. RSM was found to play a critical role in HCC via multiple targets and pathways, especially the EGFR and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. In addition, RSM was found to suppress HCC cell proliferation, and impair cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that RSM induced cell cycle G2/M arrest and apoptosis, and western blot analysis showed that RSM up-regulated the expression of BAX and down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 in MHCC97-H and HepG2 cells. Furthermore, RSM administration down-regulated the expression of EGFR, PI3K, and p-AKT proteins, whereas the total AKT level was not altered. Finally, the results of our in vivo experiments confirmed the therapeutic effects of RSM on HCC in nude mice. CONCLUSIONS We provide an integrative network pharmacology approach, in combination with in vitro and in vivo experiments, to illustrate the underlying therapeutic mechanisms of RSM action on HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405 China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Traumatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004 China
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Song
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405 China
| | - Gan-Qing He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 501260 China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sha-Sha Bai
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405 China
| | - Yu-Jie Huang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405 China
| | - Si-Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS USA
| | | | - Hong-Lian Shi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405 China
| | - Ming Hong
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405 China
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12
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Chen DQ, Hu HH, Wang YN, Feng YL, Cao G, Zhao YY. Natural products for the prevention and treatment of kidney disease. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 50:50-60. [PMID: 30466992 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the common causes resulting in a high morbidity and mortality. Renal fibrosis is the main pathological features of CKD. Natural products have begun to gain widely popularity worldwide for promoting healthcare and preventing CKD, and have been used as a conventional or complementary therapy for CKD treatment. PURPOSE The present paper reviewed the therapeutic effects of natural products on CKD and revealed the molecular mechanisms of their anti-fibrosis. METHODS All the available information on natural products against renal fibrosis was collected via a library and electronic search (using Web of Science, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Splinker, etc.). RESULTS Accumulated evidence demonstrated that natural products exhibited the beneficial effects for CKD treatment and against renal fibrosis. This review presents an overview of the molecular mechanism of CKD and natural products against renal fibrosis, followed by an in-depth discussion of their molecular mechanism of natural products including isolated compounds and crude extracts against renal fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. A number of isolated compounds have been confirmed to retard renal fibrosis. CONCLUSION The review provides comprehensive insights into pathophysiological mechanisms of CKD and natural products against renal fibrosis. Particular challenges are presented and placed within the context of future applications of natural products against renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - He-He Hu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Yan-Ni Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Ya-Long Feng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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13
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Nie JM, Li HF. Therapeutic effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection combined with telmisartan in patients with diabetic nephropathy by influencing collagen IV and fibronectin: A case-control study. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:3405-3412. [PMID: 30233688 PMCID: PMC6143830 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Involvement of collagen IV (ColIV) and fibronectin (FN) in the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and the effects of telmisartan and Salvia miltiorrhiza injection in the treatment of the patients were investigated. Two hundred and fifty-eight patients with stage IV DN were selected as the case group, and another 110 normal healthy subjects were incorporated as the control group. Involved patients were subdivided into different groups according to different treatment therapies; patients in the telmisartan group (T group) were given oral telmisartan; patients in the Salvia miltiorrhiza injection + telmisartan (S + T group) were administered with Salvia miltiorrhiza injection combined with telmisartan treatment, and there was a group of patients who received no intervention as the placebo group. After intervention, levels of glycemic indexes and renal damage indexes indicated downwards trends both in the T group and the S + T group when compared to the placebo group; besides, levels in the S + T group were much lower than those in the T group (all P<0.05). Additionally, in comparison among the above three intervention groups, differences in the fasting blood glucose, 2 h post-prandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and urinary albumin excretion rate were significant after treatment (all P<0.05). Further, before intervention, both Co1IV and FN in the urine were increased in the case group compared to the control group (all P<0.05). After intervention, both levels were apparently decreased. There were remarkable differences of Co1IV and FN levels in the urine when compared among three different intervention groups after treatment (P<0.05). Increased ColIV and FN levels may be partially responsible for the development of DN. Salvia miltiorrhiza injection with telmisartan have beneficial synergistic effects for DN patients through attenuating the increase in ColIV and FN, reversing hyperglycemia state and postponing ultrastructure changes of glomerular basement membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Ming Nie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Τhe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Feng Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ALK-Abello A/S Guangzhou Office, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510620, P.R. China
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Chen T, Li M, Fan X, Cheng J, Wang L. Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate Prevents Angiotensin II-Induced Differentiation of Human Atrial Fibroblasts into Myofibroblasts. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6712585. [PMID: 30140368 PMCID: PMC6081515 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6712585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation of atrial fibroblasts into myofibroblasts plays a critical role in atrial fibrosis. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (DS-201), a water-soluble derivative of tanshinone IIA, has been shown to have potent antifibrotic properties. However, the protective effects of DS-201 on angiotensin II- (Ang II-) induced differentiation of atrial fibroblasts into myofibroblasts remain to be elucidated. In this study, human atrial fibroblasts were stimulated with Ang II in the presence or absence of DS-201. Then, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I, and collagen III expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were measured. The expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and the downstream signaling of TGF-β1, such as phosphorylation of Smad2/3, were also determined. The results demonstrated that DS-201 significantly prevented Ang II-induced human atrial fibroblast migration and decreased Ang II-induced α-SMA, collagen I, and collagen III expression. Furthermore, increased production of ROS and expression of TGF-β1 stimulated by Ang II were also significantly inhibited by DS-201. Consistent with these results, DS-201 significantly inhibited Ang II-evoked Smad2/3 phosphorylation and periostin expression. These results and the experiments involving N-acetyl cysteine (antioxidant) and an anti-TGF-β1 antibody suggest that DS-201 prevent Ang II-induced differentiation of atrial fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, at least in part, through suppressing oxidative stress and inhibiting the activation of TGF-β1 signaling pathway. All of these data indicate the potential utility of DS-201 for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medical Electrophysiology and the Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Miaoling Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medical Electrophysiology and the Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xuehui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medical Electrophysiology and the Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medical Electrophysiology and the Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
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15
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Li N, Yang L, Zhang B, Chen S. Tanshinone IIA effects on ovarian cancer cell line. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 70:1369-1377. [PMID: 29943422 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the potential therapeutic effect of Tanshinone IIA against ovarian cancer in vitro and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS The cell survival upon Tanshinone IIA treatment was determined by the clonogenic assay. Cell apoptosis was analysed by Annexin V/propidium iodide double staining. The cleaved caspase-3/poly ADP-ribose polymerase and apoptosis-related factors were quantified by Western blotting. The relative expression of microRNAs (miRs) was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. KEY FINDINGS Tanshinone IIA treatment induced significant apoptosis in TOV-21G cells. Tanshinone suppressed survivin expression while not affected Bax, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. We further predicted and experimentally confirmed overexpression of miR-205 in TOV-21G, which ectopic significantly inhibited survivin and promoted cell apoptosis. miR-205-specific antagonist completely abrogated the cell suppressive effect of Tanshinone IIA. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested that Tanshinone IIA induced cell apoptosis in ovarian carcinoma TOV-21G cells via direct upregulation of miR-205. Our study highlighted the potential therapeutic application of Tanshinone IIA against ovarian malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Gynecology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Baolian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Suqin Chen
- Department of Gynecology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Su XD, Ali I, Arooj M, Koh YS, Yang SY, Kim YH. Chemical constituents from Sanguisorba officinalis L. and their inhibitory effects on LPS-stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine production in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Arch Pharm Res 2018; 41:497-505. [PMID: 29732490 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-018-1035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sanguisorba officinalis L. (Rosaceae) is a perennial herbaceous plant and its roots have been used as an important astringent medicine in Eastern Asian countries over many thousand years. In this phytochemical research, 23 compounds (1-23) were isolated from the roots of S. officinalis. Their chemical structures were identified by extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR experiments. The anti-inflammatory effects of extracts and isolated compounds were investigated by measuring the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12 p40, IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cell. Compounds 1, 3, 7-8, 11-14 revealed promising anti-inflammatory effects. These results suggested that some phenolic compounds and monoterpenoids from S. officinalis could be potential candidates for anti-inflammatory treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Dong Su
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Irshad Ali
- School of Medicine and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Madeeha Arooj
- School of Medicine and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sang Koh
- School of Medicine and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seo Young Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Cai P, Liu X, Xu Y, Qi F, Si G. Shenqi detoxification granule combined with P311 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal fibrosis via TGF-β1-Smad-ILK pathway. Biosci Trends 2018; 11:640-650. [PMID: 29311449 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2017.01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Shenqi detoxification granule (SDG), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has been shown to have nephroprotective and anti-fibrotic activities in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, its mechanisms in renal fibrosis and the progression of CKD remain largely unknown. P311, a highly conserved 8-kDa intracellular protein, plays a key role in renal fibrosis by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Previously, we found P311 might be involved in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis by inhibiting EMT via the TGF-β1-Smad-ILK pathway. We also found SDG combined with P311 could ameliorate renal fibrosis by regulating the expression of EMT markers. Here we further examined the effect and mechanism of SDG combined with P311 on TGF-β1-mediated EMT in a rat model of unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO) renal fibrosis. After establishment of the UUO model successfully, the rats were gavaged with SDG daily and/or injected with recombinant adenovirus p311 (also called Ad-P311) through the tail vein each week for 4 weeks. Serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and albumin (ALB) levels were tested to observe renal function, and hematoxylin eosin (HE) and Masson staining were performed to observe kidney histopathology. Furthermore, the expression of EMT markers (E-cadherin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)) and EMT-related molecules TGF-β1, pSmad2/3, Smad7 and ILK were observed using immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis. Treatment with SDG and P311 improved renal function and histopathological abnormalities, as well as reversing the changes of EMT markers and EMT-related molecules, which indicated SDG combined with P311 could attenuate renal fibrosis in UUO rats, and the underlying mechanism might involve TGF-β1-mediated EMT and the TGF-β1-Smad-ILK signaling pathway. Therefore, SDG might be a novel alternative therapy for treating renal fibrosis and delaying the progression of CKD. Furthermore, SDG combined with P311 might have a synergistic effect on attenuating renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Cai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Fanghua Qi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University
| | - Guomin Si
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University
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Wang D, Zhao XH, Cui Y, Zhang TT, Wang F, Hu YH. Efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F for CKD in Mainland China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytother Res 2017; 32:436-451. [PMID: 29193402 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) is a promising Chinese traditional medicine used to significantly reduce proteinuria and improve renal function. However, its efficacy and safety in treatment of chronic kidney disease need to be further explored in order to promote its application in clinics. This review compared the efficacy and safety of TwHF with the placebo, conventional Western medicine and other immunosuppressive medicine in a range of kidney disorders. One hundred three randomized controlled trials were included. TwHF therapy decreased 24-hr proteinuria by 0.59 g/day (95% confidence interval [CI; -0.68, -0.50]), serum creatinine level by 1.93 μmol/L (95% CI [-3.69, -0.17]), and blood urea nitrogen level by 0.24 mmol/L (95% CI [-0.41, -0.07]); increased the total effective rate by 27% (95% CI [1.24, 1.30]); and decreased the incidence of adverse reactions by 19% (95% CI [0.68, 0.96]) overall. Meta regression results showed that the duration of therapy and mean age of participants were the major sources of high heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that our statistic results were relatively stable and credible. The present findings suggested that TwHF possibly has nephroprotective effects by decreasing proteinuria, serum creatinine level, and blood urea nitrogen level and no more adverse reactions compared with control group in most kidney disorders. However, these findings still need to be further confirmed by high-quality trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiao-Han Zhao
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Cui
- Information Technology Department, Hebei Youth Administrative Cadres College, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tian-Tian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yong-Hong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Song T, Yao Y, Wang T, Huang H, Xia H. Tanshinone IIA ameliorates apoptosis of myocardiocytes by up-regulation of miR-133 and suppression of Caspase-9. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 815:343-350. [PMID: 28867607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To explore the potential protective effect of Tanshinone ⅡA on myocardial cell apoptosis and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. The rat heart cell H9c2 was treated by either H2O2 or doxorubicin (DOX) to mimic oxidative stress and DNA damage conditions in vivo. Cell growth was monitored by optical microscope observation or CCK-8 counting kit. The relative expression of miR-133 and U6 snoRNA was semi-quantitated by RT-PCR or real-time PCR. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI double staining. The microRNA binding sites were predicted by online bioinformatics tools. The regulatory effect of miR-133 on caspase-9 was measured by luciferase reporter assay. Apoptosis pathway factors were analyzed by immunoblotting. Our data demonstrated that Tanshinone ⅡA significantly ameliorated myocardial apoptosis induced by either H2O2 or DOX. The protective effect was likely mediated by up-regulation of miR-133. We further identified Caspase-9 as the target of miR-133. Tanshinone ⅡA treatment significantly reversed down-regulation of miR-133 under harsh conditions and in turn suppressed evoking of Caspase-9 and related apoptotic effectors, which consequently contributed to the improvement of myocardial injury. In conclusion, Tanshinone ⅡA ameliorated myocardial apoptosis via restoration of miR-133 and suppression Caspase-9 signaling cascade, which underlies its well-proven clinical benefit and warrants larger scale clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Song
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Jiefang Road 238, Wuchang, 430060 Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Jiefang Road 238, Wuchang, 430060 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Teng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Jiefang Road 238, Wuchang, 430060 Wuhan, PR China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Jiefang Road 238, Wuchang, 430060 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Hao Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Jiefang Road 238, Wuchang, 430060 Wuhan, PR China
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Park E, Kim GD, Go MS, Kwon D, Jung IK, Auh JH, Kim JH. Anti-inflammatory effects of Nelumbo leaf extracts and identification of their metabolites. Nutr Res Pract 2017; 11:265-274. [PMID: 28765772 PMCID: PMC5537535 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2017.11.4.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Nelumbo leaves have been used in traditional medicine to treat bleeding, gastritis, hemorrhoids, and halitosis. However, their mechanisms have not been elucidated. MATERIALS/METHODS The present study prepared two Nelumbo leaf extracts (NLEs) using water or 50% ethanol. Inflammatory response was induced with LPS treatment, and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 and nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) productions were assessed. To determine the anti-inflammatory mechanism of NLEs, we measured nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity. Major metabolites of NLEs were also analyzed and quantified. RESULTS NLEs effectively reduced the expression and productions of pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, PGE2, and NO. NLEs also reduced NF-κB activity by inhibiting inhibitor of NF-κB phosphorylation. Both extracts contained catechin and quercetin, bioactive compounds of NLEs. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we showed that NLEs could be used to inhibit NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses. In addition, our data support the idea that NLEs can ameliorate disease conditions involving chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunkyo Park
- Department of Home Economics Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Gyoung Deuck Kim
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong, Gyeonggi 17546, Korea
| | - Min-Sun Go
- Department of Home Economics Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Dodan Kwon
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong, Gyeonggi 17546, Korea
| | - In-Kyung Jung
- Department of Physical Education, Chung-Ang University, 84, Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Joong Hyuck Auh
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong, Gyeonggi 17546, Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Home Economics Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea.,Department of Physical Education, Chung-Ang University, 84, Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
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Chen X, Wu R, Kong Y, Yang Y, Gao Y, Sun D, Liu Q, Dai D, Lu Z, Wang N, Ge S, Wang F. Tanshinone IIA attenuates renal damage in STZ-induced diabetic rats via inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:31915-31922. [PMID: 28404881 PMCID: PMC5458258 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation have been demonstrated to be involved in the onset and promotion of diabetic nephropathy (DN).Tanshinone IIA (Tan) possesses both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, the aim of the present study was to explore whether Tan could attenuate renal damage in the rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes and its potential mechanisms. Tan was gavaged to STZ-induced diabetic rats at the dose of 10mg/kg once a day for 12 weeks. Tan treatment significantly attenuated albuminuria and renal histopathology in diabetic rats. Besides, Tan treatment also effectively inhibited oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction in the kidneys of diabetic rats. Our study provided evidence that the protective effect of Tan on diabetes-induced renal injury is associated with inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. Tan may be a potential candidate for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yiwei Kong
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yuting Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Qizhen Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Dongjun Dai
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zeyuan Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Niansong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Sheng Ge
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
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Ye YT, Zhong W, Sun P, Wang D, Wang C, Hu LM, Qian JQ. Apoptosis induced by the methanol extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in non-small cell lung cancer through PTEN-mediated inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 200:107-116. [PMID: 28088493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) plant, has been used to treat cardiovascular diseases since thousands of years. Many studies reported that the active component tanshinones displayed a variety of biological activities: anti-thrombous, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor promoting. But the mechanism of how the active components working still need to be clarified. The anti-tumor effect of compounds of tanshinone (CTN), the methanol extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge roots, was investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CTN on the growth inhibition, apoptosis and molecular targets of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS CTN-induced cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. The cell survival was evaluated using clonogenic survival assay. The morphology of Glc-82 cells after treatment with CTN was determined by fluorescence microscopy. Cell cycle distribution was revealed by flow cytometry. The apoptotic cells were quantified with annexin V-FITC/PI staining and flow cytometry, and observed using Hoechst 33258 staining and TUNEL assays. The expression levels of proteins were analyzed using western blot. Tumor growth was assessed by subcutaneous inoculation of cells into BALB/c nude mice. RESULTS CTN inhibited the proliferation of NSCLC in a dose-dependent manner and induced both early and late apoptosis. Treatment of Glc-82 cells with CTN (5-80μg/ml) significantly (p<0.05) suppressed the cell proliferation in a concentration and time-dependent manner. CTN induced significant (p<0.05) and dose-dependent apoptosis of Glc-82 cells. Cell cycle assay showed that CTN induced a G2/M phase arrest, and significantly (p<0.05) increased expression of p53 and p21, actived caspase-3/9 and PARP1, which suggest the involvement of the mitochondria in the apoptotic signals. In addition, CTN decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, Bcl-xl and increased expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax. Result also showed that CTN could increase expression levels of PTEN, and reduce the phosphorylated levels of Akt (protein kinase B) on Thr 308 and Ser 473 domain. In vivo assay showed that the antitumor effect of CTN was significantly augmented without increasing toxicity in nude mice bearing Glc-82 xenograft. CONCLUSION The PTEN/Akt signaling axis is defined as a critical pathway regulated by PTEN in NSCLC. CTN, the methanol extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, are the active compounds as shown by their ability to induce apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis and PTEN-mediated inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. CTN could inhibit tumor growth more efficiently, which supports the ethno-medicinal use of this herb as an alternative or complementary therapy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Tao Ye
- Department of pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Glaxo Smith Kline, Tianjin Smith Kline & French Laboratories Ltd, Tianjin 300163, China
| | - Pei Sun
- Department of pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Li-Min Hu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine Research, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Jun-Qiang Qian
- Department of pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
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Rescue therapy with Tanshinone IIA hinders transition of acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease via targeting GSK3β. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36698. [PMID: 27857162 PMCID: PMC5114614 DOI: 10.1038/srep36698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains challenging for clinical practice and poses a risk of developing progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) with no definitive treatment available yet. Tanshinone IIA, an active ingredient of Chinese herbal Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been widely used in Asia for the remarkable organoprotective activities. Its effect on established AKI, however, remains unknown. In mice with folic acid-induced AKI, delayed treatment with Tanshinone IIA, commenced early or late after injury, diminished renal expression of kidney injury markers, reduced apoptosis and improved kidney dysfunction, concomitant with mitigated histologic signs of AKI to CKD transition, including interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, and with an ameliorated inflammatory infiltration in tubulointerstitium and a favored M2-skewed macrophage polarization. Mechanistically, Tanshinone IIA blunted glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3β overactivity and hyperactivation of its downstream mitogen-activated protein kinases that are centrally implicated in renal fibrogenesis and inflammation. Inhibition of GSK3β is likely a key mechanism mediating the therapeutic activity of Tanshinone IIA, because sodium nitroprusside, a GSK3β activator, largely offset its renoprotective effect. In confirmatory studies, rescue treatment with Tanshinone IIA likewise ameliorated ischemia/reperfusion-induced kidney destruction in mice. Our data suggest that Tanshinone IIA represents a valuable treatment that improves post-AKI kidney salvage via targeting GSK3β.
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Jiang C, Zhu W, Shao Q, Yan X, Jin B, Zhang M, Xu B. Tanshinone IIA Protects Against Folic Acid-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 44:737-53. [PMID: 27222061 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA is a diterpene extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, a popular and safe herb medicine that has been widely used in China and other Asian countries. Previous studies have demonstrated the pleiotropic effects of Tanshinone IIA on many disease treatments via its antitoxicity, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, as well as antifibrosis activities. However, its effect on acute kidney injury (AKI) has not been fully investigated. Here, we show for the first time that systemic administration of Tanshinone IIA can lead to improved kidney function in folic acid-induced kidney injury mice. In the acute phase of AKI, Tanshinone IIA attenuated renal tubular epithelial injury, as determined by histologic changes and the detection of Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in the kidney and urine. Additionally, Tanshinone IIA treatment resulted in elevated proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and decreased inflammatory cells infiltration as well as chemokine expression, suggesting that Tanshinone IIA promoted renal repair following AKI and inhibited local inflammatory response in the injured kidney. This led to decreased long-term fibrosis in the injured kidney, characterized by less accumulation of fibronectin and collagen I in tubulointerstitium. Taken together, these results suggest that Tanshinone IIA may represent a potential approach for AKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunming Jiang
- * Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- * Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Qiuyuan Shao
- * Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Yan
- † Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Bo Jin
- * Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Miao Zhang
- * Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Biao Xu
- ‡ Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
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The Efficacy of Shen Shuaining Capsule on Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:7515413. [PMID: 26981141 PMCID: PMC4769770 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7515413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of Shen shuaining capsule on treating chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Shen shuaining capsule in treating CKD were collected from CBM, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Cochrane library clinical controlled trials database. Two reviewers independently performed analysis of the included trials according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The risk of bias tool was from the Cochrane Handbook version 5.1.0. The Review Manager 5.2 software was employed for data analysis. Funnel plot and Egger's test were applied to evaluate publication bias. Results. 20 studies including 1606 participants met the inclusion criteria, most of which were of low quality. Meta-analysis indicated that Shen shuaining capsule was effective for CKD in terms of SCR, BUN, Hb, and response rate and with less adverse effects, of which SCR and BUN decreased significantly (MD = -84.72, 95% CI: -107.36, -62.07, P < 0.00001) (MD = -4.30, 95% CI: -5.71, -2.89, P < 0.00001); Hb and response rate increased significantly (MD = 9.94, 95% CI: 9.24, 10.64, P < 0.00001) (OR = 4.25, 95% CI (3.32, 5.42), P < 0.00001). Conclusion. Shen shuaining capsule significantly reduced SCR and BUN, increased HB, and improved total efficiency of the symptoms and signs in patients with CKD. Subgroup analysis found that Shen shuaining capsule group was better than control group. Due to low quality of the methodology of included studies, further high-quality researches were needed to study its efficacy and safety.
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Su CY, Ming QL, Rahman K, Han T, Qin LP. Salvia miltiorrhiza: Traditional medicinal uses, chemistry, and pharmacology. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 13:163-82. [PMID: 25835361 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(15)30002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SM) is a very popular medicinal plant that has been extensively applied for many years to treat various diseases, especially coronary heart diseases and cerebrovascular diseases, either alone or in combination with other Chinese plant-based medicines. Although a large number of studies on SM have been performed, they are scattered across a variety of publications. The present review is an up-to-date summary of the published scientific information about the traditional uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, side effects, and drug interactions with SM, in order to lay the foundation for further investigations and better utilization of SM. SM contains diverse chemical components including diterpenoid quinones, hydrophilic phenolic acids, and essential oils. Many pharmacological studies have been done on SM during the last 30 years, focusing on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular effects, and the antioxidative, neuroprotective, antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activities. The research results strongly support the notion that SM has beneficial therapeutic properties and has a potential of being an effective adaptogenic remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Su
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qian-Liang Ming
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- Faculty of Science, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Liu M, Park J, Wu X, Li Y, Tran Q, Mun K, Lee Y, Hur GM, Wen A, Park J. Shen-Kang protects 5/6 nephrectomized rats against renal injury by reducing oxidative stress through the MAPK signaling pathways. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:975-84. [PMID: 26310779 PMCID: PMC4564094 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health concern with limited treatment options. The incidence of CDK is increasing and the disease is associated with a poor quality of life and a high financial cost of treatment. Shen-Kang (SK), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been used clinically in the treatment of renal diseases for decades. This study was carried out to validate the therapeutic effects of SK on renal injury induced by 5/6 nephrectomy, as well as its effects on the apoptosis of proximal tubule epithelial cells (HK-2 cells), in an aim to elucidate its mechanisms of action. For this purpose, an animal model of renal injury was created by subjecting rats to a 5/6 nephrectomy. The rats in the sham-operated and model groups received distilled water, while the rats in the SK and enalapril (EN) groups were treated with SK or EN. The levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) were measured. Kidney tissues obtained from the rats were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. HK-2 cells were employed to investigate the effects of SK on the apoptosis of renal proximal tubule epithelial cells induced by treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In addition, cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Apoptotic events were monitored by western blot analysis, flow cytometric analysis and nuclear morphological anlaysis. The levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by flow cytometric analysis with dihydroethidium staining. The results revealed that the administration of SK to 5/6 nephrectomized rats for 1 week significantly decreased the levels of SCr and BUN. The morphological observations of the kidneys also indicated the amelioration of damage to renal tissue. Treatment of the HK-2 cells with SK significantly protected the cells from H2O2-induced apoptosis, as indicated by an increase in cell viability, the decrease in the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and fewer condensed nuclei. H2O2-induced ROS production was also attenuated by treatment with SK. Of note, the increase in the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphorylated p38 which occurred in response to exposure to H2O2 was inhibited by treatment with SK. No changes were observed in the levels of phosphorylated JNK under the same treatment conditions. Thus, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways play an essential role in the development of CKD. SK alleviated renal injury in rats induced by 5/6 nephrectomy and prevented the H2O2-induced apoptosis of HK-2 cells through the MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyou Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Τhe Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jisoo Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungnam 301-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaoxiao Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Τhe Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yuwen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Τhe Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Quangdon Tran
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungnam 301-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisun Mun
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungnam 301-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjin Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungnam 301-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungnam 301-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Aidong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Τhe Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jongsun Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Chungnam 301-747, Republic of Korea
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Association of prescribed Chinese herbal medicine use with risk of end-stage renal disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2015; 88:1365-1373. [PMID: 26244923 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2015.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The evidence on whether Chinese herbal medicines affect outcome in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is limited. Here we retrospectively explored the association of prescribed Chinese herbal medicine use and the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with CKD. Patients with newly diagnosed CKD in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000 to 2005 were categorized into new use or nonuse of prescribed Chinese herbal medicine groups. These patients were followed until death, dialysis initiation, or till the end of 2008. Among the 24,971 study patients, 11,351 were new users of prescribed Chinese herbal medicine after CKD diagnosis. Overall, after adjustment for confounding variables, the use group exhibited a significant 60% reduced ESRD risk (cause-specific hazard ratio 0.41, 95% confidence interval 0.37-0.46) compared with the nonuse group. The change was significantly large among patients using wind dampness-dispelling formulas (0.63, 0.51-0.77) or harmonizing formulas (0.59, 0.46-0.74), suggesting an independent association between specific Chinese herbal medicines and reduced ESRD risk. The findings were confirmed using propensity score matching, stratified analyses, and three weighting methods. However, dampness-dispelling and purgative formulas were associated with increased ESRD risk. Thus, specific Chinese herbal medicines are associated with reduced or enhanced ESRD risk in patients with CKD.
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Wu X, Guan Y, Yan J, Liu M, Yin Y, Duan J, Wei G, Hu T, Weng Y, Xi M, Wen A. ShenKang injection suppresses kidney fibrosis and oxidative stress via transforming growth factor-β/Smad3 signalling pathway in vivo and in vitro. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:1054-65. [PMID: 25864844 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The purpose of this study is to investigate the antifibrosis and antioxidation of ShenKang injection (SKI) in vivo and in vitro and to evaluate potential mechanisms involved in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Methods
In experimental animal studies, CKD was established by 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx). Serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined. Histopathological tests were performed by H&E and Masson trichrome stained. The protein expressions of fibronectin (FN), collagen Ι, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and phosphorylation of Smad3 were measured in 5/6Nx rats. In Human kidney proximal tubular cell line (HK-2) cells, the effects of TGF-β/Smad3 signalling pathway on renal fibrosis and oxidative injury were examined.
Key findings
5/6Nx induced severe renal damages. Treatment of rats with SKI markedly reduced levels of Scr and BUN, alleviated expression of fibrosis-associated signalling molecules and reduced expression of TGF-β and phosphorylated Smad3. Meanwhile, in HK-2 cells, after exposure to TGF-β and H2O2, the protein expression of renal fibrosis was significantly increased. The generation of oxidative stress was also elevated. The severity of fibrosis and oxidative damage appears to be reduced after treatment with SKI.
Conclusion
SKI inhibits renal fibrosis and oxidative stress through downregulation of TGF-β/Smad3 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Guan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiajia Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meiyou Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jialin Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guo Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianxin Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Weng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miaomiao Xi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aidong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Tang J, Zhu C, Li ZH, Liu XY, Sun SK, Zhang T, Luo ZJ, Zhang H, Li WY. Inhibition of the spinal astrocytic JNK/MCP-1 pathway activation correlates with the analgesic effects of tanshinone IIA sulfonate in neuropathic pain. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:57. [PMID: 25889689 PMCID: PMC4406216 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuropathic pain (NP) continues to be challenging to treat due to lack of effective drugs. Accumulating evidence elucidated that glia-mediated inflammatory reactions play a pivotal role in the introduction and development of NP. Besides, activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) pathway in astrocytes has been reported to be critical for spinal astrocytic activation and neuropathic pain development after spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Tanshinone IIA, a major active component of a traditional Chinese drug, Danshen, possesses potent immuno-suppressive activities. The present study was undertaken to assess whether intraperitoneal administration of tanshinone IIA sulfonate (TIIAS) has analgesic effect on SNL-induced neuropathic pain and whether the inhibition of astrocytic activation and JNK/MCP-1 pathway is involved in the analgesic effect of TIIAS. Methods The effects of TIIAS on SNL-induced mechanical allodynia were assessed by behavioral testing. Immunofluorescence histochemical staining was used to detect changes of spinal astrocytes and spinal pJNK expression and localization. Immunofluorescence histochemistry and Western blot analysis were used to quantify the SNL-induced spinal pJNK expression after TIIAS administration. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the SNL-induced spinal expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and MCP-1. Results Our results indicated that intraperitoneal TIIAS up-regulated the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) of NP, while astrocytic activation was suppressed and accompanied by the down-regulation of IL-1β and TNF-α expression, as well as JNK phosphorylation in the spinal dorsal horn. Additionally, the release of MCP-1 was dose dependently decreased. After co-treatment with TIIAS and JNK inhibitor (SP600125), no significant increases in mechanical PWT and MCP-1 expression were observed compared with the TIIAS-treated group. Conclusions The present results suggest that the analgesic effects of TIIAS in neuropathic pain are mainly mediated by the down-regulation of SNL-induced astrocytic activation, which is via the inhibition of JNK/MCP-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chao Zhu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi-hong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-yu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shu-kai Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhuo-jing Luo
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei-yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China.
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Wang DT, Huang RH, Cheng X, Zhang ZH, Yang YJ, Lin X. Tanshinone IIA attenuates renal fibrosis and inflammation via altering expression of TGF-β/Smad and NF-κB signaling pathway in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 26:4-12. [PMID: 25744602 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In traditional Chinese medicine, Tanshinone IIA is used to treat chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, its biological activity and mechanism of action in renal fibrosis and inflammation are not fully identified. The current study was conducted to determine the effects of Tanshinone IIA treatment on CKD by assessing potential modulation of the TGF-β/Smad and NF-κB signaling pathway. METHODS CKD was produced in rats by 5/6 nephrectomy. They were then divided into the following groups: control (sham operation); CKD (5/6 nephrectomy); 5/6 nephrectomy+Tanshinone IIA (10mg/kg in average, once a day for 16 weeks). Serum and urine samples were obtained from animals in each group, and serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels and 24h urinary protein excretion were measured. Tissue samples from the kidney were used for morphometric studies (Masson's trichrome). The expression of fibronectin protein and collagen types I, III, IV, and TGF-β, TNF-α, CXCL-1, MCP-1, RANTES mRNA were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR analysis; the TGF-β/Smad and NF-κB signaling pathway was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. RESULTS The following effects were observed in CKD rats treated with Tanshinone IIA: (1) marked improvements in Scr, and 24h urine protein excretion; (2) significant reductions in protein and mRNA levels of fibronectin, collagen III, and collagen IV and TNF-α, MCP-1, and CXCL-1; (3) significantly inhibited the TGF-β/Smad and NF-κB signaling activation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that Tanshinone IIA suppresses renal fibrosis and inflammation via altering expression of TGF-β/Smad and NF-κB pathway in the remnant kidney, thus supporting the potential of Tanshinone IIA as a new therapeutic agent for slowing the progression of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Tao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China.
| | - Ren-Hua Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China
| | - Ya-Jun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology Guangdong Key Laboratory for R&D of Natural Drug, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
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Sung B, Chung HS, Kim M, Kang YJ, Kim DH, Hwang SY, Kim MJ, Kim CM, Chung HY, Kim ND. Cytotoxic effects of solvent-extracted active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge on human cancer cell lines. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1421-1428. [PMID: 25780445 PMCID: PMC4353753 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal extracts and dietary supplements may be extracted from the medicinal plants used in traditional Chinese medicine, and are used increasingly commonly worldwide for their benefits to health and quality of life. Thus, ensuring that they are safe for human consumption is a critical issue for the preparation of plant extracts as dietary supplements. The present study investigated extracts of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (S. miltiorrhiza), traditionally used in Asian countries to treat a variety of conditions, as a dietary supplement or as an ingredient in functional foods. Dried S. miltiorrhiza root was extracted with various solvents and under varying extraction conditions, and the effects of the extracts on the viability of five human cancer cell lines were compared. Extracts obtained using 100% ethanol and 100% acetone as solvents exhibited more potent effects compared with extracts obtained using 70 and 30% aqueous ethanol. Furthermore, the active components of S. miltiorrhiza ethanol extracts, known as tanshinones, were investigated. Dihydrotanshinone I was observed to exhibit a higher cytotoxic potential compared with the other tanshinones in the majority of the examined cell lines. Conversely, cryptotanshinone exhibited weak anti-cancer activity. In summary, the results of the present study suggest that the active components obtained from an ethanol extract of S. miltiorrhiza possess the potential to be used as ingredients in functional and health care foods that may be used to improve the effectiveness of chemotherapeutics in the prevention and/or treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Sung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjung Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jung Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hwan Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yeon Hwang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jo Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Min Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-770, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Deuk Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
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Synergistic Effect between Cryptotanshinone and Antibiotics against Clinic Methicillin and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:450572. [PMID: 24782909 PMCID: PMC3982256 DOI: 10.1155/2014/450572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cryptotanshinone (CT), a major tanshinone of medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against clinic isolated methicillin and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and VRSA) in this experiment. The CT was determined against clinic isolated MRSA 1–16 with MIC and MBC values ranging from 4 to 32 and 8 to 128 μg/mL; for MSSA 1-2 from 16 to 32 μg/mL and 64 to 128 μg/mL; for VRSA 1-2 from 2 to 4 μg/mL and 4 to 16 μg/mL, respectively. The range of MIC50 and MIC90 of CT was 0.5–8 μg/mL and 4–64 μg/mL, respectively. The combination effects of CT with antibiotics were synergistic (FIC index <0.5) against most of tested clinic isolated MRSA, MSSA, and VRSA except additive, MRSA 4 and 16 in oxacillin, MRSA 6, 12, and 15 in ampicillin, and MRSA 6, 11, and 15 in vancomycin (FIC index < 0.75–1.0). Furthermore, a time-kill study showed that the growth of the tested bacteria was completely attenuated after 2–6 h of treatment with the 1/2 MIC of CT, regardless of whether it was administered alone or with ampicillin, oxacillin, or vancomycin. The results suggest that CT could be employed as a natural antibacterial agent against multidrug-resistant pathogens infection.
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Shi SH, Cai YP, Cai XJ, Zheng XY, Cao DS, Ye FQ, Xiang Z. A network pharmacology approach to understanding the mechanisms of action of traditional medicine: Bushenhuoxue formula for treatment of chronic kidney disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89123. [PMID: 24598793 PMCID: PMC3943740 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique therapeutic effects for complex chronic diseases. However, for the lack of an effective systematic approach, the research progress on the effective substances and pharmacological mechanism of action has been very slow. In this paper, by incorporating network biology, bioinformatics and chemoinformatics methods, an integrated approach was proposed to systematically investigate and explain the pharmacological mechanism of action and effective substances of TCM. This approach includes the following main steps: First, based on the known drug targets, network biology was used to screen out putative drug targets; Second, the molecular docking method was used to calculate whether the molecules from TCM and drug targets related to chronic kidney diseases (CKD) interact or not; Third, according to the result of molecular docking, natural product-target network, main component-target network and compound-target network were constructed; Finally, through analysis of network characteristics and literature mining, potential effective multi-components and their synergistic mechanism were putatively identified and uncovered. Bu-shen-Huo-xue formula (BSHX) which was frequently used for treating CKD, was used as the case to demonstrate reliability of our proposed approach. The results show that BSHX has the therapeutic effect by using multi-channel network regulation, such as regulating the coagulation and fibrinolytic balance, and the expression of inflammatory factors, inhibiting abnormal ECM accumulation. Tanshinone IIA, rhein, curcumin, calycosin and quercetin may be potential effective ingredients of BSHX. This research shows that the integration approach can be an effective means for discovering active substances and revealing their pharmacological mechanisms of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-hua Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yue-piao Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-jun Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-yong Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dong-sheng Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fa-qing Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- * E-mail: (FY); (ZX)
| | - Zheng Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- * E-mail: (FY); (ZX)
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Wu JB, Ye SF, Liang CL, Li YC, Yu YJ, Lai JM, Lin H, Zheng J, Zhou JY. Qi-Dan Fang ameliorates adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome rat model by enhancing renal function and inhibiting podocyte injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 151:1124-1132. [PMID: 24389029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a clinical syndrome with a variety of causes, mainly characterized by heavy proteinuria. Podocyte injury plays a key role in proteinuria, one of the principal means for the control of NS is to prevent podocyte injury. Qi-Dan Fang consists of two of the most extensively applied herbal remedies among Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) (Radix Astragali Mongolici and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, with a weight ratio of 5:1) which are specifically used for the treatment of various kidney diseases. In previous studies, we found that Qi-Dan Fang provides improvement to patients with adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome by alleviating proteinuria and serum lipid. The aim of this study is to study the efficiency of Qi-Dan Fang on NS model rat with renal dysfunction and podocyte injury, something which has not been carried out yet. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats were divided into Normal, Model, Jin Gui Shen Qi Pill (4.12 g/kg), Qi-Dan Fang (3.09, 6.17 and 12.34 g/kg/d) groups, they were each given a single tail intravenous injection of Adriamycin (6.0 mg/kg) except for the Normal group and were orally administered dosages of Qi-Dian Fang and Jin Gui Shen Qi pills once daily for 7 weeks. Following the treatment, the content of cystation C (CysC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr) were measured with an autobiochemical analyser. The pathomorphological changes to the glomeruli, the mRNA expressions of nephrin, podocin, CD2AP genes and p53, bax, bcl-2 proteins expressions were also carried out to probe the effects of Qi-Dan Fang. RESULTS (1) Qi-Dan Fang treatment raised the level of CysC in blood serum while lowering the content of BUN and Scr in the adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome rat model; (2) Long-term administration of Qi-Dan Fang was able to ameliorate pathomorphological change of glomeruli and repair the organization structure of Glomerulus; (3) Qi-Dan Fang could increase the mRNA expression of nephrin, podocin and CD2AP genes, down-regulate the expression of p53, bax proteins, while increased bcl-2 protein to protect the podocyte and restore Glomerular selective filtration function. CONCLUSIONS Results of our present studies reveal that Qi-Dan Fang is able to enhance renal function, inhibit podocyte injury to provide improvements to the Adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Biao Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shu-Fang Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chun-Ling Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yu-Cui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ying-Jia Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and West Medicine, Guangzhou 510860, PR China
| | - Jie-Mei Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jiu-Yao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Dialysis and its complications were debated recently. There was lack of an adjuvant renal replacement method to reduce the complications of patients with chronic renal failure and dialysis itself. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this article, we reviewed the role of thermal sweating in treating of the patients with chronic renal failure, and the role of traditional Chinese medicine in the therapy of chronic kidney diseases. RESULTS Thermal sweating can reduce interdialytic weight gain and improve the patients' blood pressure; Chinese herbal medicine can promote the excretion of uremic toxicities and relieve the skin disorders of these patients. CONCLUSIONS Traditional Chinese medicine-mediated hot bath could be one of the adjuvant renal replacement methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ye
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University , Nanchang , PR China and
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Yun J, Bae H, Choi SE, Kim JH, Choi YW, Lim I, Lee CS, Lee MW, Ko JH, Seo SJ, Bang H. Taxifolin Glycoside Blocks Human ether-a-go-go Related Gene K(+) Channels. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 17:37-42. [PMID: 23440017 PMCID: PMC3579103 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2013.17.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Taxifolin glycoside is a new drug candidate for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). Many drugs cause side effects such as long QT syndrome by blocking the human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) K+ channels. To determine whether taxifolin glycoside would block hERG K+ channels, we recorded hERG K+ currents using a whole-cell patch clamp technique. We found that taxifolin glycoside directly blocked hERG K+ current in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50=9.6±0.7 µM). The activation curve of hERG K+ channels was negatively shifted by taxifolin glycoside. In addition, taxifolin glycoside accelerated the activation time constant and reduced the onset of the inactivation time constant. These results suggest that taxifolin glycoside blocks hERG K+ channels that function by facilitating activation and inactivation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Yun
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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Yang S, Zhang K, Lin X, Miao Y, Meng L, Chen W, Tang X. Pharmacokinetic comparisons of single herb extract of Fufang Danshen preparation with different combinations of its constituent herbs in rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 67-68:77-85. [PMID: 22579600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (SAB), tanshinone IIA (TS), ginsenoside Rb₁ (Rb₁), ginsenoside Rg₁ (Rg₁) and notoginsenoside R₁ (R₁) are major active ingredients of Fufang Danshen preparation (FDP) for its protective effects on myocardial ischemia. This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of marker compounds after oral administration of single herb extract and different combinations of constitutional herbs in FDP, and explored potential herb-herb interactions among the ingredients in the multi-herb medicine. The pharmacokinetics study on the target compounds in rat plasma was performed using an optimal ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) coupled with protein precipitation method. There were no statistically significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters of SAB, TS, Rb₁, Rg₁ and R₁ between single Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza) or Radix Panax notoginsen (P. notoginseng) extract and combination treatment. While, in comparison with oral administration of P. notoginseng extract alone, the pharmacokinetic parameters (C(max), AUC(0-72 h), AUC(0-∞), Cl, V), particularly for Rb₁ and Rg₁, were significantly different after oral administration P. notoginseng extract with addition of borneol (p<0.05). The AUC(0-72 h) values of Rb₁ and Rg₁ were significantly increased 1.3-fold and 1.6-fold, respectively, after P. Notoginsen extract co-administered with borneol. The results showed that herb-herb interactions may be accounting for the different pharmacokinetic behaviors of active constituents administered in compound prescriptions versus in single-herb extracts, however, which were not significant in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenshen Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
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Lee SH, Kim YS, Lee SJ, Lee BC. The protective effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza in an animal model of early experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:1409-1414. [PMID: 21856399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of end stage renal disease. In this study, the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) were studied in an experimental rat model of DN that was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats (290 ± 10 g) by injecting STZ (45 mg/kg) into the tail vein. After development of diabetes, the rats were treated with SM (500 mg/kg) for 8 weeks in order to analyze its renoprotective effect, which was evaluated by means of blood glucose level, urine protein, and the expression of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), receptor of advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), collagen IV, and monocyte/macrophage (ED-1) infiltration. RESULTS High levels of 24-h urinary protein excretion were ameliorated by SM. Moreover, the serum and kidney levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and the kidney levels of collagen IV, monocytes/macrophages (ED-1) and the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), were significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that SM might inhibit the progression of DN and could be a therapeutic agent for regulating several pharmacological targets for treatment or prevention of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hun Lee
- Deptatment of Clinical Oncology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-Ku, Seoul 130-702, Republic of Korea
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Hei M, Luo Y, Zhang X, Liu F. Tanshinone IIa alleviates the biochemical changes associated with hypoxic ischemic brain damage in a rat model. Phytother Res 2011; 25:1865-9. [PMID: 21538624 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Revised: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Tanshinone IIa (TanIIa) on the biochemical changes associated with hypoxic ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in a rat model. Neonatal SD rats were randomized into normal control, HIBD and TanIIa + HIBD groups. At different time points after HIBD, TanIIa was given at 1 µg/g. The intracellular free calcium concentration and the expression of phospho-NR1 S897 was determined. The intracellular free calcium concentration in the HIBD group was significantly increased. The induction of intracellular free calcium concentration in the TanIIa + HIBD group was less than that in the HIBD group. Large amounts of phospho-NR1 S897 positive cells were distributed in the cortex in the normal control group; the number of phospho-NR1 S897 positive cells in the ipsilateral cortex was dramatically decreased at 24 h after HIBD. Both the number of phospho-NR1 S897 positive cells and the FITC fluorescent density in the HIBD + TanIIa group were less than those in the normal control group at every time point after HIBD, but more than those in the HIBD group. TanIIa alleviated the down-regulation of phospho-NR1 S897 and the elevated intracellular free calcium concentration in the cerebral cortex in the HIBD model. TanIIa could exert a neuroprotective effect through affecting NMDA receptor expression, inhibiting calcium transportation and decreasing the intracellular free calcium concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Hei
- Department of Pediatrics, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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