1
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Alterations in Bacterial Metabolism Contribute to the Lifespan Extension Exerted by Guarana in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091986. [PMID: 35565952 PMCID: PMC9105138 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Guarana (Paullinia cupana) is a widely consumed nutraceutical with various health benefits supported by scientific evidence. However, its indirect health impacts through the gut microbiota have not been studied. Caenorhabditis elegans is a useful model to study both the direct and indirect effects of nutraceuticals, as the intimate association of the worm with the metabolites produced by Escherichia coli is a prototypic simplified model of our gut microbiota. We prepared an ethanoic extract of guarana seeds and assessed its antioxidant capacity in vitro, with a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, and in vivo, utilizing C. elegans. Additionally, we studied the impact of this extract on C. elegans lifespan, utilizing both viable and non-viable E. coli, and assessed the impact of guarana on E. coli folate production. The extract showed high antioxidant capacity, and it extended worm lifespan. However, the antioxidant and life-extending effects did not correlate in terms of the extract concentration. The extract-induced life extension was also less significant when utilizing dead E. coli, which may indicate that the effects of guarana on the worms work partly through modifications on E. coli metabolism. Following this observation, guarana was found to decrease E. coli folate production, revealing one possible route for its beneficial effects.
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2
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Torres EAFS, Pinaffi-Langley ACDC, Figueira MDS, Cordeiro KS, Negrão LD, Soares MJ, da Silva CP, Alfino MCZ, Sampaio GR, de Camargo AC. Effects of the consumption of guarana on human health: A narrative review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 21:272-295. [PMID: 34755935 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Guarana (Paullinia cupana) is a plant from the Amazon region with cultural importance. Despite its early ancestral use by indigenous tribes, the first reports regarding the benefits of guarana consumption for human health were published in the 19th century. Since then, the use of guarana seed in powder and extract forms has been studied for its diverse effects on human health, such as stimulating, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, hypocholesterolemic, and anti-obesity effects. These effects are attributed to the high content of bioactive compounds found in guarana seeds, especially methylxanthines and flavonoids. In fact, the Brazilian Food Supplement Law has officially acknowledged guarana as a source of bioactive compounds. The number and diversity of studies focused on guarana and human health are increasing; thus, organizing and describing the available evidence on guarana and its applications is necessary to provide a framework for future studies. In this narrative review, we have organized the available information regarding guarana and its potential effects on human health. Guarana produces unique fruits with great potential for human health applications. However, the available evidence lacks human studies and mechanistic investigations. Future studies should be designed considering its applicability to human health, including intake levels and toxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A F S Torres
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Karina Silva Cordeiro
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Dias Negrão
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maiara Jurema Soares
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cintia Pereira da Silva
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Geni Rodrigues Sampaio
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano Costa de Camargo
- Laboratory of Antioxidants, Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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3
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Santos C, Santos da Silva BN, Amorim Ferreira e Ferreira AFT, Santos C, Lima N, da Silva Bentes JL. Fungal Endophytic Community Associated with Guarana ( Paullinia cupana Var. Sorbilis): Diversity Driver by Genotypes in the Centre of Origin. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:E123. [PMID: 32751796 PMCID: PMC7558939 DOI: 10.3390/jof6030123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Guarana plant is a native of the Amazon region. Due to its high amount of caffeine and tannins, the seed has medicinal and stimulating properties. The guarana industry has grown exponentially in recent years; however, little information is available about associated mycobiota, particularly endophytic fungi. The present study aimed to compare the distribution and diversity of endophytic fungi associated with the leaves and seeds of anthracnose-resistant and susceptible guarana plants produced in Maués and Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil. A total of 7514 endophytic fungi were isolated on Potato Dextrose Agar, Sabouraud and Czapek media, and grouped into 77 morphological groups. Overall, fungal communities in guarana leaves and seeds were mainly composed by Colletotrichum and Fusarium genera, but also by Chondrostereum, Clonostachys, Curvularia, Hypomontagnella, Lentinus, Neopestalotiopsis, Nigrospora, Peroneutypa, Phyllosticta, Simplicillium and Tinctoporellus. Obtained results indicate that some members of Colletotrichum and Fusarium genera may have experienced dysbiosis during the guarana domestication process, suggesting that some individuals may behave as latent pathogens. The susceptible guarana genotype cultivated in Manaus presented higher fungal diversity. The relative abundance of taxa and diversity among samples suggests that communities are structured by genotype and geographic location. This is the first report of mycobiota in both guarana leaves and seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Santos
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Micoteca da Universidade do Minho, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (C.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Blenda Naara Santos da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Agronomy, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus-AM 69067-005, Brazil; (B.N.S.d.S.); (A.F.T.A.F.eF.); (J.L.d.S.B.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Natural Resources, BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811-230, Chile
| | | | - Cledir Santos
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Natural Resources, BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811-230, Chile
| | - Nelson Lima
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Micoteca da Universidade do Minho, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (C.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Jânia Lília da Silva Bentes
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Agronomy, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus-AM 69067-005, Brazil; (B.N.S.d.S.); (A.F.T.A.F.eF.); (J.L.d.S.B.)
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4
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Protective effect of guarana-loaded liposomes on hemolytic activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 187:110636. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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5
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Saccol RDSP, da Silveira KL, Adefegha SA, Manzoni AG, da Silveira LL, Coelho APV, Castilhos LG, Abdalla FH, Becker LV, Martins NMB, Oliveira JS, Casali EA, Leal DBR. Effect of quercetin on E-NTPDase/E-ADA activities and cytokine secretion of complete Freund adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. Cell Biochem Funct 2019; 37:474-485. [PMID: 31365139 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The effect of quercetin was assessed in rats induced with complete Freund adjuvant (CFA). Arthritis scores, paw oedema, latency, activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO), ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase), and ectoadenosine deaminase (E-ADA) in lymphocytes were determined. Furthermore, nucleotide and nucleoside levels as well as the secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated. Animals were treated with saline and quercetin in doses of 5, 25, and 50 mg/kg for 45 days. The result revealed that quercetin (50 mg/kg) reduced arthritis score and paw oedema, and increased the latency in the thermal hyperalgesia test. Histopathological analysis showed that all the doses of quercetin reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells. MPO activity was increased in the arthritis group; however, quercetin reduced this activity. E-NTPDase activity was increased in lymphocytes of arthritis rats, and treatment with quercetin reversed this increase. However, E-ADA activity was reduced in the arthritis group, and treatment with quercetin modulated the activity of this enzyme in arthritis rat groups. Serum adenosine levels were increased in arthritis, and the levels were lowered with quercetin treatment. Quercetin treatment in arthritis groups decreased the elevated levels of cytokines in the arthritis control group. Thus, quercetin demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect, and this flavonoid may be a promising natural compound for the treatment of arthritis. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: Quercetin may represent a potential therapeutic compound in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Findings from this study indicate that quercetin suppresses swelling and attenuates the underlying inflammatory responses. This is the first report where quercetin was shown to modulate the immune response to arthritis via attenuation of the purinergic system (E-NTPDase and E-ADA activities) and the levels of IFN-gamma and IL-4. Thus, this work is relevant to basic research and may be translated into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata da Silva Pereira Saccol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Karine Lanes da Silveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Stephen Adeniyi Adefegha
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Alessandra Guedes Manzoni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Lanes da Silveira
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Visintainer Coelho
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Livia Gelain Castilhos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fátima Husein Abdalla
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lara Vargas Becker
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nara Maria Beck Martins
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sorraila Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Emerson André Casali
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Bitencourt Rosa Leal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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6
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Ruchel JB, Bernardes VM, Braun JBS, Manzoni AG, Passos DF, Castilhos LG, Abdalla FH, de Oliveira JS, de Andrade CM, Casali EA, da Cruz IBM, Leal DBR. Lipotoxicity-associated inflammation is prevented by guarana ( Paullinia cupana) in a model of hyperlipidemia. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 44:524-532. [PMID: 31195840 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1624767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia causes lipotoxicity which prompts an inflammatory response linked to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Natural compounds have been receiving special attention for its potential to treat diseases, inexpensiveness, and safety. Guarana (Paullinia cupana) has demonstrated notable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which may prevent chronic diseases caused by changes in lipid profile. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effect of guarana powder (Paullinia cupana) in the purine metabolism and inflammatory profile in lymphocytes and serum of rats with Poloxamer-407-induced hyperlipidemia. Pretreatment with guarana 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg/day or caffeine (0.2 mg/kg/day) by gavage was applied to adult male Wistar rats for a period of 30 days. As a comparative standard, we used simvastatin (0.04 mg/kg) post-induction. Hyperlipidemia was acutely induced with intraperitoneally injection of Poloxamer-407 (500 mg/kg). Guarana powder and caffeine increased the activity of the E-NTPDase (ecto-apyrase), and all pretreatments decreased the E-ADA (ecto-adenosine deaminase) activity, reducing the inflammatory process caused by lipotoxicity. In hyperlipidemic rats, ATP levels were increased while adenosine levels were decreased, guarana and caffeine reverted these changes. Guarana powder, caffeine, and simvastatin also prevented the increase in INF-γ and potentiated the increase in IL-4 levels, promoting an anti-inflammatory profile. Guarana promoted a more robust effect than caffeine. Our results show that guarana powder and caffeine have an anti-inflammatory as seen by the shift from a proinflammatory to an anti-inflammatory profile. The effects of guarana were more pronounced, suggesting that guarana powder may be used as a complementary therapy to improve the lipotoxicity-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jader B Ruchel
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada (LABIBIO), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Viviane M Bernardes
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada (LABIBIO), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Josiane B S Braun
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada (LABIBIO), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Alessandra G Manzoni
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada (LABIBIO), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Daniela F Passos
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada (LABIBIO), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Lívia G Castilhos
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada (LABIBIO), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Fátima H Abdalla
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada (LABIBIO), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Juliana S de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cinthia M de Andrade
- Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Laboratório de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Emerson A Casali
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Laboratório de Estudos Sobre as Alterações Celulares e Teciduais, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ivana B M da Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Daniela B R Leal
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Imunobiologia Experimental e Aplicada (LABIBIO), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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7
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Algarve TD, Assmann CE, Cadoná FC, Machado AK, Manica-Cattani MF, Sato-Miyata Y, Asano T, Duarte MMMF, Ribeiro EE, Aigaki T, da Cruz IBM. Guarana improves behavior and inflammatory alterations triggered by methylmercury exposure: an in vivo fruit fly and in vitro neural cells study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:15069-15083. [PMID: 30915696 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04881-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a well-known environmental pollutant associated with neurological and developmental deficits in animals and humans. However, epidemiological data showed that people living in the Amazon region although exposed to MeHg do not present these effects probably due to the protective effect of certain foods. We hypothesized here if guarana, a highly caffeinated fruit and consumed on a daily basis by Amazon people, could have some protective effect against MeHg toxicity using two complementary approaches. To assess locomotor impairment and sleep disruption, we used fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) model, and to evaluate neuroinflammation, we used human SH-SY5Y neural cells by measuring inflammatory cytokines levels. Results showed that guarana had a protective effect on the locomotor activity of male fruit flies reducing the excessive sleepiness caused by MeHg and increasing daily activity. Also, guarana increased the viability of flies and attenuated neural cells mortality. In addition, guarana reduced all pro-inflammatory cytokines levels increased by MeHg, along with caspase-1, caspase -3, caspase-8, and 8-dOHG levels, whereas increased the anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokine levels, which was decreased by MeHg. Our study provides new insights on the protective effects of guarana on the viability, locomotor activity, sleep, and activity patterns in vivo and the in vitro neuronal anti-inflammatory effect against MeHg toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Doeler Algarve
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Av., Building 19, Room 3101, Santa Maria, RS, 97105900, Brazil
| | - Charles Elias Assmann
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Av., Building 19, Room 3101, Santa Maria, RS, 97105900, Brazil
| | - Francine Carla Cadoná
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Health, University of the West of Santa Catarina, Joaçaba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Tsunaki Asano
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Ivana Beatrice Mânica da Cruz
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Av., Building 19, Room 3101, Santa Maria, RS, 97105900, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
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8
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Rutin and curcumin reduce inflammation, triglyceride levels and ADA activity in serum and immune cells in a model of hyperlipidemia. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2019; 76:13-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Marques LLM, Ferreira EDF, Paula MND, Klein T, Mello JCPD. Paullinia cupana: a multipurpose plant – a review. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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10
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Agunloye OM, Oboh G. Hypercholesterolemia, angiotensin converting enzyme and ecto-enzymes of purinergic system: Ameliorative properties of caffeic and chlorogenic acid in hypercholesterolemic rats. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Odunayo Michael Agunloye
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Unit, Department of Biochemistry; Federal University of Technology; Akure Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Unit, Department of Biochemistry; Federal University of Technology; Akure Nigeria
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11
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Peixoto H, Roxo M, Röhrig T, Richling E, Wang X, Wink M. Anti-Aging and Antioxidant Potential of Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis: Findings in Caenorhabditis elegans Indicate a New Utilization for Roasted Seeds of Guarana. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 4:E61. [PMID: 28930275 PMCID: PMC5622396 DOI: 10.3390/medicines4030061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Roasted seeds of Amazonian guarana (Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis; Sapindaceae) are popular in South America due to their stimulant activity on the central nervous system (CNS). Rich in purine alkaloids, markedly caffeine, the seeds are extensively used in the Brazilian beverage industry for the preparation of soft drinks and as additives in energy drinks. Methods: To investigate the putative anti-aging and antioxidant activity of guarana, we used the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. Chemical analyses were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Results: When tested in the model system Caenorhabditis elegans, the water extract from roasted guarana seeds enhanced resistance against oxidative stress, extended lifespan and attenuated aging markers such as muscle function decline and polyQ40 aggregation. Conclusions: In the current study, we demonstrate that guarana extracts can work as a powerful antioxidant in vivo; moreover, guarana extracts exhibit anti-aging properties. Our results suggest that the biological activities of guarana go beyond the extensively reported CNS stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbenya Peixoto
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Mariana Roxo
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Teresa Röhrig
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Molecular Nutrition, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Elke Richling
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Molecular Nutrition, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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12
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South American herbal extracts reduce food intake through modulation of gastrointestinal hormones in overweight and obese women. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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13
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, Doleski PH, Leal DBR, Stefani LM, Boligon AA, Monteiro SG. Enzymes that hydrolyze adenine nucleotides in a model of hypercholesterolemia induced by Triton WR-1339: protective effects of β-caryophyllene. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 434:127-134. [PMID: 28432556 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Purinergic system has been proven to play a critical role in the inflammatory process and to represent an important therapeutic target to improve the immune response during hypercholesterolemia. β-caryophyllene, a phytocannabinoid compound, has a powerful hypolipidemic and anti-inflammatory actions. However, the effects of β-caryophyllene on seric enzymes of purinergic system have not been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether β-caryophyllene is able to ameliorate the seric activities of NTPDase and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in a model of hypercholesterolemia induced by Triton WR-1339. The activities of NTPDase and ADA were evaluated enzymatically, and the seric levels of β-caryophyllene were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography. We found that treatment with β-caryophyllene ameliorates the enzymatic activities of NTPDase and ADA in serum of hypercholesterolemic rats, in a concentration-dependent manner. These results indicated that β-caryophyllene treatment could improve the immune response during hypercholesterolemia through purinergic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pedro H Doleski
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniela B R Leal
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Santa Maria, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aline A Boligon
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Guarana (Paullinia cupana) ameliorates memory impairment and modulates acetylcholinesterase activity in Poloxamer-407-induced hyperlipidemia in rat brain. Physiol Behav 2017; 168:11-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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