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Zou Z, Luo T, Wang X, Wang B, Li Q. Exploring the interplay between triple-negative breast cancer stem cells and tumor microenvironment for effective therapeutic strategies. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31278. [PMID: 38807378 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive and metastatic malignancy with poor treatment outcomes. The interaction between the tumor microenvironment (TME) and breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) plays an important role in the development of TNBC. Owing to their ability of self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation, BCSCs maintain tumor growth, drive metastatic colonization, and facilitate the development of drug resistance. TME is the main factor regulating the phenotype and metastasis of BCSCs. Immune cells, cancer-related fibroblasts (CAFs), cytokines, mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells, and extracellular matrix within the TME form a complex communication network, exert highly selective pressure on the tumor, and provide a conducive environment for the formation of BCSC niches. Tumor growth and metastasis can be controlled by targeting the TME to eliminate BCSC niches or targeting BCSCs to modify the TME. These approaches may improve the treatment outcomes and possess great application potential in clinical settings. In this review, we summarized the relationship between BCSCs and the progression and drug resistance of TNBC, especially focusing on the interaction between BCSCs and TME. In addition, we discussed therapeutic strategies that target the TME to inhibit or eliminate BCSCs, providing valuable insights into the clinical treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoling Zou
- Queen Mary College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tinglan Luo
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing (Affiliated Central Hospital of Chongqing University of Technology), Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Chongqing Medicine University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing (Affiliated Central Hospital of Chongqing University of Technology), Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Zhao C, Yang X, Fan M, Tian L, Sun T, Sun C, Jiang T. The investigation on sialic acid-modified pectin nanoparticles loaded with oxymatrine for orally targeting and inhibiting the of ulcerative colitis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 236:113809. [PMID: 38447446 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to develop an oral targeting drug delivery system (OTDDS) of oxymatrine (OMT) to effectively treat ulcerative colitis (UC). The OTDDS of OMT (OMT/SA-NPs) was constructed with OMT, pectin, Ca2+, chitosan (CS) and sialic acid (SA). The obtained particles were characterized in terms of particle size, zeta potential, morphology, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, drug release and stability. The average size of OMT/SA-NPs was 255.0 nm with a zeta potential of -12.4 mV. The loading content and encapsulation efficiency of OMT/SA-NPs were 14.65% and 84.83%, respectively. The particle size of OMT/SA-NPs changed slightly in the gastrointestinal tract. The nanoparticles can delivery most of the drug to the colon region. In vitro cell experiments showed that the SA-NPs had excellent biocompatibility and anti-inflammation, and the uptake of SA-NPs by RAW 264.7 cells was time and concentration-dependent. The conjugated SA can help the internalization of NPs into target cells. In vivo experiments showed that OMT/SA-NPs had a superior anti-inflammation effect and the effect of reducing UC, which was attributed to the delivery most of OMT to the colonic lumen, the specific targeting and retention in colitis site and the combined anti-inflammation of OMT and NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Xin Yang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Mengyao Fan
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Linan Tian
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Tongtong Sun
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Changshan Sun
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
| | - Tongying Jiang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
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Zhang FL, Yang L, He WH, Xie LJ, Yang F, Wang YH, Huang AG. In vivo antibacterial activity of medicinal plant Sophora flavescens against Streptococcus agalactiae infection. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2023; 46:977-986. [PMID: 37294673 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcosis disease caused by Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) results in a huge economic loss of tilapia culture. It is urgent to find new antimicrobial agents against streptococcosis. In this study, 20 medicinal plants were evaluated in vitro and in vivo to obtain medicinal plants and potential bioactive compounds against GBS infection. The results showed that the ethanol extracts of 20 medicinal plants had low or no antibacterial properties in vitro, with a minimal inhibitory concentration ≥256 mg/L. Interestingly, in vivo tests showed that 7 medicinal plants could significantly inhibit GBS infection in tilapia, and Sophora flavescens (SF) had the strongest anti-GBS activity in tilapia, reaching 92.68%. SF could significantly reduce the bacterial loads of GBS in different tissues (liver, spleen and brain) of tilapia after treated with different tested concentrations (12.5, 25.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg/kg) for 24 h. Moreover, 50 mg/kg SF could significantly improve the survival rate of GBS-infected tilapia by inhibiting GBS replication. Furthermore, the expression of antioxidant gene cat, immune-related gene c-type lysozyme and anti-inflammatory cytokine il-10 in liver tissue of GBS-infected tilapia significantly increased after treated with SF for 24 h. Meanwhile, SF significantly reduced the expression of immune-related gene myd88 and pro-inflammatory cytokines il-8 and il-1β in liver tissue of GBS-infected tilapia. The negative and positive models of UPLC-QE-MS, respectively, identified 27 and 57 components of SF. The major components of SF extract in the negative model were α, α-trehalose, DL-malic acid, D- (-)-fructose and xanthohumol, while in the positive model were oxymatrine, formononetin, (-)-maackiain and xanthohumol. Interestingly, oxymatrine and xanthohumol could significantly inhibit GBS infection in tilapia. Taken together, these results suggest that SF can inhibit GBS infection in tilapia, and it has potential for the development of anti-GBS agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Li Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Green and Low Carbon Technology, Guangxi lnstitute of lndustrial Technology, Nanning, China
| | - Wei-Hao He
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ling-Jun Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Fei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Hui Wang
- Institute of Green and Low Carbon Technology, Guangxi lnstitute of lndustrial Technology, Nanning, China
| | - Ai-Guo Huang
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Liang L, Sun W, Wei X, Wang L, Ruan H, Zhang J, Li S, Zhao B, Li M, Cai Z, Huang J. Oxymatrine suppresses colorectal cancer progression by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation through mitophagy induction in vitro and in vivo. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3342-3362. [PMID: 36974424 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Chinese herb Radix sophorae tonkinensis extract oxymatrine shows anticancer effects. This study evaluated the role of oxymatrine in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying molecular events in vitro and in vivo. CRC cells were treated with different doses of oxymatrine to assess cell viability, reactive oxygen species production, gene expression, and gene alterations. Meanwhile, mouse xenograft and liver metastasis models were used to assess the effects of oxymatrine using histology examination, transmission electron microscopy, and Western blot, respectively. Our results showed that oxymatrine treatment triggered CRC cell mitophagy to inhibit CRC cell growth, migration, invasion, and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. At the gene level, oxymatrine inhibited LRPPRC to promote Parkin translocation into the mitochondria and reduce the mitophagy-activated NLRP3 inflammasome. Thus, oxymatrine had an anticancer activity through LRPPRC inhibition, mitophagy induction, and NLRP3 inflammasome suppression in the CRC cell xenograft and liver metastasis models. In conclusion, the study demonstrates the oxymatrine anti- CRC activity through its unique role in regulating CRC cell mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome levels in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Weiliang Sun
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wei
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Huaqiang Ruan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Junchuan Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Suyan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Mengshi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhengwen Cai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jie'an Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Seksaria S, Mehan S, Dutta BJ, Gupta GD, Ganti SS, Singh A. Oxymatrine and insulin resistance: Focusing on mechanistic intricacies involve in diabetes associated cardiomyopathy via SIRT1/AMPK and TGF-β signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23330. [PMID: 36890713 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy (CDM) and related morbidity and mortality are increasing at an alarming rate, in large part because of the increase in the number of diabetes mellitus cases. The clinical consequence associated with CDM is heart failure (HF) and is considerably worse for patients with diabetes mellitus, as compared to nondiabetics. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by structural and functional malfunctioning of the heart, which includes diastolic dysfunction followed by systolic dysfunction, myocyte hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunctional remodeling, and myocardial fibrosis. Indeed, many reports in the literature indicate that various signaling pathways, such as the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), PI3K/Akt, and TGF-β/smad pathways, are involved in diabetes-related cardiomyopathy, which increases the risk of functional and structural abnormalities of the heart. Therefore, targeting these pathways augments the prevention as well as treatment of patients with DCM. Alternative pharmacotherapy, such as that using natural compounds, has been shown to have promising therapeutic effects. Thus, this article reviews the potential role of the quinazoline alkaloid, oxymatrine obtained from the Sophora flavescensin CDM associated with diabetes mellitus. Numerous studies have given a therapeutic glimpse of the role of oxymatrine in the multiple secondary complications related to diabetes, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, stroke, and cardiovascular complications via reductions in oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation, which might be due to targeting signaling pathways, such as AMPK, SIRT1, PI3K/Akt, and TGF-β pathways. Thus, these pathways are considered central regulators of diabetes and its secondary complications, and targeting these pathways with oxymatrine might provide a therapeutic tool for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes-associated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Seksaria
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Bhaskar J Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Ghanshyam D Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Subrahmanya S Ganti
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Amrita Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
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Countering Triple Negative Breast Cancer via Impeding Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling, a Phytotherapeutic Approach. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172191. [PMID: 36079579 PMCID: PMC9460573 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized as a heterogeneous disease with severe malignancy and high mortality. Aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling is responsible for self-renewal and mammosphere generation, metastasis and resistance to apoptosis and chemotherapy in TNBC. Nonetheless, in the absence of a targeted therapy, chemotherapy is regarded as the exclusive treatment strategy for the treatment of TNBC. This review aims to provide an unprecedented overview of the plants and herbal derivatives which repress the progression of TNBC through prohibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Herbal medicine extracts and bioactive compounds (alkaloids, retinoids. flavonoids, terpenes, carotenoids and lignans) alone, in combination with each other and/or with chemotherapy agents could interrupt the various steps of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, i.e., WNT, FZD, LRP, GSK3β, Dsh, APC, β-catenin and TCF/LEF. These phytotherapy agents diminish proliferation, metastasis, breast cancer stem cell self-renewal and induce apoptosis in cell and animal models of TNBC through the down-expression of the downstream target genes of Wnt signaling. Some of the herbal derivatives simultaneously impede Wnt/β-catenin signaling and other overactive pathways in triple negative breast cancer, including: mTORC1; ER stress and SATB1 signaling. The herbal remedies and their bioactive ingredients perform essential roles in the treatment of the very fatal TNBC via repression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Xue X, Yu J, Li C, Wang F, Guo Y, Li Y, Shi H. Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes and Pathways After Treatment of Psoriasis With Oxymatrine. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:889493. [PMID: 35721124 PMCID: PMC9204044 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.889493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a recurrent chronic inflammatory skin disease. Unlike many of the latest psoriasis treatments that only confer limited curative effects and have certain side effects, oxymatrine effectively improves severe plaque psoriasis with mild adverse reactions. Here, we explored the genes and pathways underlying the effects of oxymatrine on psoriasis. Briefly, patients with severe plaque psoriasis were treated with oxymatrine and their lesioned skin samples were sequenced by full-length transcriptomics. Next, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in psoriatic lesions were identified and compared in oxymatrine-treated patients and healthy controls, their genes were functionally annotated, and protein–protein interaction network analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed. Both Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and Body Surface Area (BSA) scores were recovered significantly from all 16 patients (all p < 0.001). The number of DEGs in patients before and after oxymatrine treatment was 4232, and 4105 DEGs were found between the psoriasis group (before oxymatrine treatment) and the normal control group [p < 0.01, |log2 fold change, (FC)| >1.5]. While most of the DEGs recovered significantly after oxymatrine treatment, only 650 DEGs were observed between the psoriasis group (after oxymatrine treatment) and the normal control group (p < 0.01, |log2FC|> 1.5). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that 64 pathways were significantly activated after oxymatrine treatment (p < 0.05). Only 12 pathways were statistically significant between after oxymatrine treatment and the normal control group (p < 0 .05). Among all the restored pathways, the improvement of the IL-17 signaling pathway was the most significant (p = 1.18E-06). Gene loci of oxymatrine action was assessed by protein interaction analysis on 205 DEGs that were co-expressed in 5 patients before and after oxymatrine treatment (p < 0.05, FC > 1.5). After oxymatrine treatment, the expression of two mitosis-related genes namely, cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and cyclin B1 (CCNB1), that affect cell proliferation recovered significantly. In light of these results, we conclude that oxymatrine likely alters the abnormal expression of some genes and pathways in psoriasis patients. Multipathway and multitarget therapy can greatly ameliorate abnormalities in genes and pathways and effectively treat psoriasis. Importantly, among the DEGs, the proliferation-related genes, such as CDK1 and CCNB1, are likely important targets for treating psoriasis by oxymatrine. We believe that these findings may lead to a new treatment strategy for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Xue
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jiayu Yu
- Dermatological Department, Wuzhong People's Hospital, Ningxia, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yatao Guo
- Dermatological Department, Baoji Central Hospital, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongwen Li
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Huijuan Shi
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Li XL, Zhao HT, Han J, Yan ZR, Wang HY. Toxic encephalopathy induced by radix Sophorae tonkinensis. Acta Neurol Belg 2022; 122:855-858. [PMID: 33417151 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-020-01587-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wang XL, Chen F, Shi H, Zhang M, Yan L, Pei XY, Peng XD. Oxymatrine inhibits neuroinflammation byRegulating M1/M2 polarization in N9 microglia through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108139. [PMID: 34517275 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are the primary immune cells involved in the immune response, inflammation, and injury repair in the central nervous system. Under different stimuli, the dual polarization of classically-activated M1 microglia and anti-inflammatory selectively-activated M2 microglia is observed. Oxymatrine (OMT) exerts various anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, but the mechanism underlying its action remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of OMT on the polarization of M1/M2 microglia in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation model in order to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of action of OMT in vitro. We first used a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) to evaluate the effects of different concentrations OMT on the viability of N9 microglia to determine the appropriate concentration for follow-up experiments. Next, Griess reagent and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to detect the expression of the inflammation-related factors nitric oxide (NO), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-6, -1β, and -10. To evaluate the protective effects of OMT, the ultrastructure of the cells was observed using electron microscopy. Immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and western blotting were performed to evaluate the effects of OMT on the following markers of M1 and M2 microglia: CD16/32, CD206, Arginase-10 (Arg-1), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Lastly, western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to detect factors associated with the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB (TLR4/NF-κB) signalling pathway in order to explore the potential mechanism by which OMT regulates microglial polarization. The viability of N9 cells did not decrease when treated with a concentration of 1000 μg/mL OMT. Electron microscopy revealed that a concentration of 100 μg/mL OMT exerted a protective effect on N9 cells stimulated by LPS. The results of the present study indicated that OMT inhibited the over-activation of microglia, increased the levels of the M2 marker IL-10, decreased the levels of the M1 markers NO, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, promoted the polarization of N9 microglia to the M2 phenotype, and regulated M1/M2 polarization in the microglia by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signalling, which effectively attenuated the LPS-induced inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Long Wang
- Department of Basic Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Basic Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Basic Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Basic Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Lin Yan
- Functional Experiment Centre, School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xiu-Ying Pei
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Peng
- Department of Basic Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China; Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Functional Experiment Centre, School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Dong PL, Li Z, Teng CL, Yin X, Cao XK, Han H. Synthesis and evolution of neuroprotective effects of oxymatrine derivatives as anti-Alzheimer's disease agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:175-181. [PMID: 33963669 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
While screening for natural product scaffolds as potential anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD), oxymatrine (OMT) was found to relieve symptoms of AD through diminishing death of neuronal cells caused by microglia-induced inflammation. In this study, 13 derivatives of OMT were synthesized and their neuroprotective effects were evaluated on Aβ1-42 -induced PC12 cells using MTT method. In addition, the best neuroprotective potencies were obtained with compounds 4, 6e, and 6f, which were selected for evaluation of decrease in IL-1β and TNF-α in Aβ1-42 -treated PC12 cells. Collectively, these data reveal that derivatives 6e and 6f possess the best ability of diminish IL-1β production and reverse cell damage in all compounds, which are possible to develop as therapeutic agents for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Liang Dong
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - ZhengQing Li
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | | | - Xin Yin
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xian-Kai Cao
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hua Han
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Zhu YX, Hu HQ, Zuo ML, Mao L, Song GL, Li TM, Dong LC, Yang ZB, Ali Sheikh MS. Effect of oxymatrine on liver gluconeogenesis is associated with the regulation of PEPCK and G6Pase expression and AKT phosphorylation. Biomed Rep 2021; 15:56. [PMID: 34007449 PMCID: PMC8120346 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in liver gluconeogenesis is an important pathological phenomenon in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and oxymatrine is an effective natural drug used for T2DM treatment. The present study aimed to explore the effect of oxymatrine on gluconeogenesis and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with a high-fat diet and streptozotocin for 4 weeks to induce T2DM, and HepG2 cells were treated with 55 mM glucose to simulate T2DM in vitro. T2DM rats were treated with oxymatrine (10 or 20 mg/kg weight) or metformin for 4 weeks, and HepG2 cells were treated with oxymatrine (0.1 or 1 µM), metformin (0.1 µM), or oxymatrine combined with MK-2206 (AKT inhibitor) for 24 h. Fasting blood glucose and insulin sensitivity of rats were measured to evaluate insulin resistance. Glucose production and uptake ability were measured to evaluate gluconeogenesis in HepG2 cells, and the expression of related genes was detected to explore the molecular mechanism. Additionally, the body weight, liver weight and liver index were measured and hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to evaluate the effects of the disease. The fasting glucose levels of T2DM rats was 16.5 mmol/l, whereas in the control rats, it was 6.1 mmol/l. Decreased insulin sensitivity (K-value, 0.2), body weight loss (weight, 300 g), liver weight gain, liver index increase (value, 48) and morphological changes were observed in T2DM rats, accompanied by reduced AKT phosphorylation, and upregulated expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase). High-glucose treatment significantly increased glucose production and decreased glucose uptake in HepG2 cells, concomitant with a decrease in AKT phosphorylation and increase of PEPCK and G6Pase expression. In vivo, oxymatrine dose-dependently increased the sensitivity of T2DM rats to insulin, increased AKT phosphorylation and decreased PEPCK and G6Pase expression in the liver, and reversed the liver morphological changes. In vitro, oxymatrine dose-dependently increased AKT phosphorylation and glucose uptake of HepG2 cells subjected to high-glucose treatment, which was accompanied by inhibition of the expression of the gluconeogenesis-related genes, PEPCK and G6Pase. MK-2206 significantly inhibited the protective effects of oxymatrine in high-glucose-treated cells. These data indicated that oxymatrine can effectively prevent insulin resistance and gluconeogenesis, and its mechanism may be at least partly associated with the regulation of PEPCK and G6Pase expression and AKT phosphorylation in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xian Zhu
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China.,College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Qing Hu
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Zuo
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Li Mao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha, Hunan 410600, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Lin Song
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China.,Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Tao-Ming Li
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Li-Chen Dong
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Bao Yang
- The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China.,Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China
| | - Md Sayed Ali Sheikh
- Internal Medicine Department, Cardiology, College of Medicine, Al Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf 72388, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Xia SH. Prospect and clinical value of oxymatrine in prevention and treatment of pancreatic fibrosis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2020; 28:819-826. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v28.i17.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have confirmed that pancreatic stellate cell activation is the central event in the initiation and development of pancreatic fibrosis (PF), but the specific mechanism of PF is still unknown, and there is no specific treatment for PF. Some basic studies have confirmed that oxymatrine (OMT) has a certain therapeutic effect on PF, but further research is needed. It can be predicted that OMT has a far-reaching research prospect and good clinical application value for the prevention and treatment of PF, and is also conducive to the better development and utilization of traditional Chinese herbal medicine radix sophorae flavescentis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hai Xia
- Gastroenterology Department of Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force (Institute of Digestive Diseases of Medical Center), Medical Center for Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Disease of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatic Fibrosis and Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment, Tianjin 300162, China
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13
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Hua S, Gu M, Wang Y, Ban D, Ji H. Oxymatrine reduces expression of programmed death-ligand 1 by promoting DNA demethylation in colorectal cancer cells. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 23:750-756. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Wang Y, Yang S, Zhang S, Wu X. Oxymatrine Inhibits Proliferation and Migration of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via Attenuation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2057-2067. [PMID: 32256113 PMCID: PMC7090165 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s245696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the anti-tumor effects of oxymatrine in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) cells and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods We selected SW962 and A431 VSCC cell lines. Cell proliferation was examined using MTT assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected using flow cytometry. Migration and invasion were evaluated using transwell and wound-healing assays. The relevant protein expression and signaling pathways were analyzed using Western blotting. Results Oxymatrine inhibited the proliferation of SW962 and A431 VSCC cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Oxymatrine induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase by increasing the protein expression of P21 and decreasing levels of cyclin B1 and CDC2. Oxymatrine upregulated the expression of cleaved-caspase 3 and BAX and downregulated the expression of BCL2, which led to an increase in apoptosis. Oxymatrine also suppressed the migration and invasion of SW962 and A431 cells by reducing levels of MMP2 and MMP9. After treatment with oxymatrine or a RAS inhibitor (salirasib), expression levels of RAS, p-RAF, p-MEK, p-ERK, C-MYC, and MMP2 were reduced. When TGF-β1 was used to stimulate SW962 and A431 cells, the expression of the above proteins increased; this increase was reversed by using oxymatrine or salirasib again. Conclusion Oxymatrine inhibits proliferation and migration of VSCC cells by blocking the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshi Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojie Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China
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15
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Xu H, Chen GF, Ma YS, Zhang HW, Zhou Y, Liu GH, Chen DY, Ping J, Liu YH, Mou X, Fu D. Hepatic Proteomic Changes and Sirt1/AMPK Signaling Activation by Oxymatrine Treatment in Rats With Non-alcoholic Steatosis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:216. [PMID: 32210812 PMCID: PMC7076077 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, active ingredients of herbal extracts that can suppress lipid accumulation in the liver have been considered a potential treatment option for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods Steatosis rat model was created by high fat and high sucrose diet feeding and treated with oxymatrine (OMT). Serum biochemical parameters, liver histology and lipid profiles were examined. Hepatic differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) which were significantly changed by OMT treatment were identified by iTRAQ analysis. The expressions of representative DEPs, Sirt1 and AMPKα were evaluated by western blotting. Results OMT significantly reduced the body weight and liver weight of steatosis animals, decreased the serum levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol as well as the hepatic triglyceride and free fatty acid levels, and effectively alleviated fatty degeneration in the liver. A list of OMT-related DEPs have been screened and evaluated by bioinformatics analysis. OMT significantly decreased the expressions of L-FABP, Plin2, FASN and SCD1 and increased Sirt1 expression and AMPKα phosphorylation in the liver of rats with steatosis. Conclusion The present study has confirmed the significant efficacy of OMT for improving steatosis and revealed hepatic proteomic changes and Sirt1/AMPK signaling activation by OMT treatment in rats with steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao-Feng Chen
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Shui Ma
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Liver Cirrhosis Section, Department of Hepatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Ya Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Ping
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Hui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Mou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Da Fu
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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16
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Jo G, Kwon MJ, Kim JN, Kim BJ. Radix Sophorae Flavescentis induces apoptosis through by Caspase, MAPK Activation and ROS Signaling Pathways in 5637 Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:1474-1481. [PMID: 32669949 PMCID: PMC7359395 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.45831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-cancer mechanisms of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis were investigated in 5637 bladder cancer cells. Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract (RSF) (50‑400 µg/ml) inhibited the proliferation of 5637 cells and increased sub‑G1 phase ratios. RSF‑induced cell death was associated with the down-regulation of B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2) and the up-regulation of Bcl‑2 X‑associated protein (Bax). RSF also activated caspase‑3 and -9 and regulated the activations of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). In addition, RSF increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential. These findings suggest RSF induces apoptosis in 5637 bladder cancer cells and that it has potential use as a novel anti-cancer drug for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoncheol Jo
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Kwon
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Nam Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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17
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Groma G. Oxymatrine may represent an additional therapeutic tool in severe plaque psoriasis management. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:891-892. [PMID: 31390049 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Groma
- University of Szeged, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Szeged, Hungary.,MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
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18
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Chen Y, Chen L, Zhang JY, Chen ZY, Liu TT, Zhang YY, Fu LY, Fan SQ, Zhang MQ, Gan SQ, Zhang NL, Shen XC. Oxymatrine reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells by depressing α Ⅴβ 3 integrin/FAK/PI3K/Akt signaling activation. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6253-6265. [PMID: 31496729 PMCID: PMC6691185 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s209056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Oxymatrine, an alkaloid extracted from the Chinese herb Sophora flavescens Aiton, possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-immune, anti-hepatic fibrosis, and anti-cancer properties. However, the effects of oxymatrine on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of breast cancer cells are still unclear. Aim The present study was performed to investigate whether oxymatrine reverses EMT in breast cancer cells and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Materials and methods MTT assay was performed to evaluate cell viability. Wound-healing assay and transwell chamber assay were used to assess cell migration and invasion, respectively. Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to study the expression of EMT-related molecules and αⅤβ3 integrin/focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling transduction. Fibronectin, a physiologic ligand of αⅤβ3 integrin, was used to stimulate αⅤβ3 integrin signaling. Results Our results demonstrated that oxymatrine effectively suppressed the viability of MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 breast cancer cells, and oxymatrine showed less cytotoxicity on normal breast mammary epithelial MCF-10A cells. In addition, oxymatrine reversed EMT in the MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells at nontoxic concentrations. Oxymatrine significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion, downregulated the expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, and Snail in MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells, but upregulated the expression of E-cadherin in 4T1 cells. The mechanism revealed that oxymatrine decreased the expression of αⅤ and β3 integrin and their co-localization. It also inhibited αⅤβ3 integrin downstream activation by suppressing the phosphorylation of FAK, PI3K, and Akt. Furthermore, oxymatrine prevented fibronectin-induced EMT and αⅤβ3 integrin/FAK/PI3K/Akt signaling activation. Conclusion Our results revealed that oxymatrine effectively reversed EMT in breast cancer cells by depressing αⅤβ3 integrin/FAK/PI3K/Akt signaling. Thus, oxymatrine could be a potential therapeutic candidate with anti-metastatic potential for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, Qiannan Medical College For Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yu Zhang
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Yue Chen
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhang
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yun Fu
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Qin Fan
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Qin Zhang
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Quan Gan
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Nen-Ling Zhang
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Chun Shen
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
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19
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Oxymatrine can attenuate pathological deficits of Alzheimer's disease mice through regulation of neuroinflammation. J Neuroimmunol 2019; 334:576978. [PMID: 31177033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.576978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive learning and cognitive damage. Several hypotheses such as amyloid cascade hypothesis, hyper-phosphorylated τ hypothesis, and energy metabolism hypothesis have been proposed to elucidate the disease. However, the exact mechanism of AD remains unclear and current therapeutic strategies are miserable. Cumulative evidence showed that neuroinflammation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of the AD. Oxymatrine (OMT), a plant-derived bioactive compound, has anti-viral, anti-fibrosis, and anti-tumor effects through the involvement of several immune-related signaling pathways. Whether OMT can attenuate the pathology of AD is largely unknown. In this manuscript, we found that treatment of OMT can significantly improve cognitive and learning abilities of AD mice during various behavioral test. Treatment of OMT can significantly reduce the densities of Aβ plaques and astrocyte clusters in the neocortex and hippocampus of AD mice. Furthermore, treatment of OMT significantly reduced the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-17A in AD mice. Taken together, our data indicate that OMT may serve as a potential drug for AD.
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Gu Y, Lu J, Sun W, Jin R, Ohira T, Zhang Z, Tian X. Oxymatrine and its metabolite matrine contribute to the hepatotoxicity induced by radix Sophorae tonkinensis in mice. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:2519-2528. [PMID: 30906440 PMCID: PMC6425122 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies by our group demonstrated that radix Sophorae tonkinensis could induce hepatotoxicity. However, it remains unclear which components of this herb may be responsible for its hepatotoxicity. The present study aimed to investigate the hepatic toxicity of treatment with matrine (MT) and oxymatrine (OMT) alone or simultaneously. Furthermore, the current study aimed to identify whether the hepatotoxicity induced by OMT is actually the toxic characterization of its metabolite MT. Hepatotoxicity was evaluated by biochemical and histopathological approaches in subchronic toxicity in mice, as well as via evaluation of cytotoxicity and enzyme leakage in AML12 liver cells. The results indicated that treatment of mice with OMT and MT individually or simultaneously resulted in centrilobular hypertrophy in the liver at doses equivalent to that contained in radix S. tonkinensis at a hepatotoxic dose, suggesting that MT and OMT are likely hepatotoxic components of this herb. OMT-induced hepatotoxicity may be primarily exerted via its metabolite MT in mice. Furthermore, OMT combined with MT was observed to be more toxic compared with OMT or MT alone. These results extend our understanding of the hepatotoxicity of radix S. tonkinensis and its active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Gu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Center for Laboratory Animals, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Jinyao Lu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Center for Laboratory Animals, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Center for Laboratory Animals, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Ruomin Jin
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Center for Laboratory Animals, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Toko Ohira
- Shanghai Innostar Biotech Co., Ltd., China National Shanghai Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Zean Zhang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Center for Laboratory Animals, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Tian
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China.,Center for Laboratory Animals, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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21
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Cui J, Qu Z, Harata-Lee Y, Nwe Aung T, Shen H, Wang W, Adelson DL. Cell cycle, energy metabolism and DNA repair pathways in cancer cells are suppressed by Compound Kushen Injection. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:103. [PMID: 30678652 PMCID: PMC6345000 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5230-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this report we examine candidate pathways perturbed by Compound Kushen Injection (CKI), a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that we have previously shown to alter the gene expression patterns of multiple pathways and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. METHODS We have measured protein levels in Hep G2 and MDA-MB-231 cells for genes in the cell cycle pathway, DNA repair pathway and DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) previously shown to have altered expression by CKI. We have also examined energy metabolism by measuring [ADP]/[ATP] ratio (cell energy charge), lactate production and glucose consumption. Our results demonstrate that CKI can suppress protein levels for cell cycle regulatory proteins and DNA repair while increasing the level of DSBs. We also show that energy metabolism is reduced based on reduced glucose consumption and reduced cellular energy charge. RESULTS Our results validate these pathways as important targets for CKI. We also examined the effect of the major alkaloid component of CKI, oxymatrine and determined that it had no effect on DSBs, a small effect on the cell cycle and increased the cell energy charge. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that CKI likely acts through the effect of multiple compounds on multiple targets where the observed phenotype is the integration of these effects and synergistic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cui
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia Australia
- Zhendong Australia - China Centre for Molecular Chinese Medicine, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia Australia
| | - Zhipeng Qu
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia Australia
- Zhendong Australia - China Centre for Molecular Chinese Medicine, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia Australia
| | - Yuka Harata-Lee
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia Australia
- Zhendong Australia - China Centre for Molecular Chinese Medicine, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia Australia
| | - Thazin Nwe Aung
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia Australia
- Zhendong Australia - China Centre for Molecular Chinese Medicine, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia Australia
| | - Hanyuan Shen
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia Australia
- Zhendong Australia - China Centre for Molecular Chinese Medicine, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia Australia
| | - Wei Wang
- Zhendong Australia - China Centre for Molecular Chinese Medicine, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia Australia
- Zhendong Research Institute, Shanxi-Zhendong Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - David L. Adelson
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia Australia
- Zhendong Australia - China Centre for Molecular Chinese Medicine, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia Australia
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22
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Ge XH, Shao L, Zhu GJ. Oxymatrine attenuates brain hypoxic-ischemic injury from apoptosis and oxidative stress: role of p-Akt/GSK3β/HO-1/Nrf-2 signaling pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1869-1875. [PMID: 30032345 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0293-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the potential neuroprotection of oxymatrine in hypoxic-ischemic injury in rat's brain and the associated underlying mechanisms, modified neurological severity scores (mNSS) for neurological functional deficits, 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining for infarct volume, TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis for apoptosis were assessed. The expressions of Akt, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), phosphorylated GSK3β (p-GSK3β), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) were measured by western blot. Our results showed that infarct volume and the apoptosis of NeuN-positive cells were significantly reduced in rats that administrated oxymatrine, with a corresponding improvement in neurological function after H/I. Upregulated p-Akt, p-GSK3β, Nrf-2 and HO-1 expressions were observed in response to oxymatrine treatment. Moreover, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 counteracted the protective effect of oxymatrine, evidenced by western blot and histological outcomes. To conclude, our results suggested that oxymatrine could exert efficacious neuroprotective effect against H/I injury by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress, which might be related to the activation of Akt and GSK3β and modulation of Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Hua Ge
- Department of General medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Shao
- Department of Neruology, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, The Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Ji Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, 303 Jingde Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215003, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Dai G, Li B, Xu Y, Zeng Z, Yang H. Oxymatrine prevents the development of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension via regulation of the N G, N G-dimethyl-L-arginine metabolism pathways in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 842:338-344. [PMID: 30419238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effect of oxymatrine in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension and its possible influence on the NG,NG-dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA) metabolism pathway. Pulmonary hypertension was induced in rats by a single-dose injection of monocrotaline (60 mg/kg). Daily oral administration of oxymatrine (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) was started on the day following the monocrotaline injection for 28 days. Oxymatrine (50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly attenuated monocrotaline-induced lung and right ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular systolic pressure elevation, and right ventricular dysfunction. Oxymatrine also reduced the thickening of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial medial wall. Meanwhile, oxymatrine normalized the level of pulmonary asymmetric ADMA and attenuated the upregulated expression of protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1). Oxymatrine had no effect on the expression of protein arginine methyltransferase 2 (PRMT2) and NG,NG-Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1), which were upregulated in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertensive rats. However, the expression of the protein NG,NG-Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 (DDAH2) did not differ among all groups (all P﹥0.05). These results suggest that oxymatrine may offer protective effects on the development of pulmonary hypertension by ameliorating pulmonary remodeling and modulating the ADMA metabolism pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guidong Dai
- Key Laboratory for Modernization of Qiandongnan Miao & Dong Medicine, Qiandongnan Traditional Medicine Research & Development Center, Kaili University, 3 Kaiyuan Road, Kaili, Guizhou 556011, People's Republic of China
| | - Benpeng Li
- Key Laboratory for Modernization of Qiandongnan Miao & Dong Medicine, Qiandongnan Traditional Medicine Research & Development Center, Kaili University, 3 Kaiyuan Road, Kaili, Guizhou 556011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuping Xu
- School of Life and Health Science, Kaili University, 3 Kaiyuan Road, Kaili, Guizhou 556011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuliang Zeng
- School of Life and Health Science, Kaili University, 3 Kaiyuan Road, Kaili, Guizhou 556011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Yang
- School of Life and Health Science, Kaili University, 3 Kaiyuan Road, Kaili, Guizhou 556011, People's Republic of China
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24
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Fu Y, Wu HQ, Cui HL, Li YY, Li CZ. Gastroprotective and anti-ulcer effects of oxymatrine against several gastric ulcer models in rats: Possible roles of antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and prosurvival mechanisms. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2047-2058. [PMID: 30024074 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fu
- Department of Paediatrics; Xinxiang Central Hospital of Henan Province; Xinxiang 453000 China
| | - Huan-qing Wu
- Department of Paediatrics; Xinxiang Central Hospital of Henan Province; Xinxiang 453000 China
| | - Huai-liang Cui
- Department of Paediatrics; Xinxiang Central Hospital of Henan Province; Xinxiang 453000 China
| | - Yue-yun Li
- Department of Paediatrics; Xinxiang Central Hospital of Henan Province; Xinxiang 453000 China
| | - Chang-zheng Li
- Institute of biological life sciences; Xinxiang Medical University; Xinxiang 453003 China
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25
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Gu LL, Shen ZL, Li YL, Bao YQ, Lu H. Oxymatrine Causes Hepatotoxicity by Promoting the Phosphorylation of JNK and Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Mediated by ROS in LO2 Cells. Mol Cells 2018; 41:401-412. [PMID: 29754474 PMCID: PMC5974617 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.2180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxymatrine (OMT) often used in treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus infection in clinic. However, OMT-induced liver injury has been reported. In this study, we aim to investigate the possible mechanism of OMT-induced hepatotoxicity in human normal liver cells (L02). Exposed cells to OMT, the cell viability was decreased and apoptosis rate increased, the intracellular markers of oxidative stress were changed. Simultaneously, OMT altered apoptotic related proteins levels, including Bcl-2, Bax and pro-caspase-8/-9/-3. In addition, OMT enhanced the protein levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress makers (GRP78/Bip, CHOP, and cleaved-Caspase-4) and phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), as well as the mRNA levels of GRP78/Bip, CHOP, caspase-4, and ER stress sensors (IREI, ATF6, and PERK). Pre-treatment with Z-VAD-fmk, JNK inhibitor SP600125 and N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, partly improved the survival rates and restored OMT-induced cellular damage, and reduced caspase-3 cleavage. SP600125 or NAC reduced OMT-induced p-JNK and NAC significantly lowered caspase-4. Furthermore, 4-PBA, the ER stress inhibitor, weakened inhibitory effect of OMT on cells, on the contrary, TM worsen. 4-PBA also reduced the levels of p-JNK and cleaved-caspase-3 proteins. Therefore, OMT-induced injury in L02 cells was related to ROS mediated p-JNK and ER stress induction. Antioxidant, by inhibition of p-JNK or ER stress, may be a feasible method to alleviate OMT-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-li Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province,
China
| | - Zhe-lun Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province,
China
| | - Yang-Lei Li
- College of Pharmaceutical science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province,
China
| | - Yi-Qi Bao
- College of Pharmaceutical science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province,
China
| | - Hong Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province,
China
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