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Wang Q, Ma F, Wang J, Xu H, Li K, Cheng YY, Chen X, Qu S, Wei T, Hao X, Kong M, Xie C, Wang W, Wang Y, Jeong LS. Antitumor activity and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in response to exposure triterpene-nucleoside conjugates. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116635. [PMID: 38964258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Fifteen betulonic/betulinic acid conjugated with nucleoside derivatives were synthesized to enhance antitumor potency and water solubility. Among these, the methylated betulonic acid-azidothymidine compound (8c) exhibited a broad-spectrum of antitumor activity against three tested tumor cell lines, including SMMC-7721 (IC50 = 5.02 μM), KYSE-150 (IC50 = 5.68 μM), and SW620 (IC50 = 4.61 μM) and along with lower toxicity (TC50 > 100 μM) estimated by zebrafish embryos assay. Compared to betulinic acid (<0.05 μg/mL), compound 8c showed approximately 40-fold higher water solubility (1.98 μg/mL). In SMMC-7721 cells, compound 8c induced autophagy and apoptosis as its concentration increased. Transcriptomic sequencing analysis was used to understand the potential impacts of the underlying mechanism of 8c on SMMC-7721 cells. Transcriptomic studies indicated that compound 8c could activate autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway in SMMC-7721 cells. Furthermore, in the xenograft mice study, compound 8c significantly slowed down the tumor growth, as potent as paclitaxel treated group. In conclusion, methylated betulonic acid-azidothymidine compound (8c) not only increases water solubility, but also enhances the potency against hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inducing autophagy and apoptosis, and suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Henan Biotechnology Development Center, BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China; High & New Technology Research Center, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08820, South Korea.
| | - Fangchao Ma
- Henan Biotechnology Development Center, BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jingchen Wang
- Henan Biotechnology Development Center, BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Hongde Xu
- Henan Biotechnology Development Center, BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Keyan Li
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yung-Yi Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7568, USA
| | - Xiqiang Chen
- High & New Technology Research Center, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Shuhao Qu
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08820, South Korea
| | - Tingting Wei
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaofei Hao
- High & New Technology Research Center, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Mingyue Kong
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chengping Xie
- High & New Technology Research Center, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Henan Natural Product Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Yanli Wang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Lak Shin Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08820, South Korea.
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2
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Sun X, Xiao C, Wang X, Wu S, Yang Z, Sui B, Song Y. Role of post-translational modifications of Sp1 in cancer: state of the art. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1412461. [PMID: 39228402 PMCID: PMC11368732 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1412461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Specific protein 1 (Sp1) is central to regulating transcription factor activity and cell signaling pathways. Sp1 is highly associated with the poor prognosis of various cancers; it is considered a non-oncogene addiction gene. The function of Sp1 is complex and contributes to regulating extensive transcriptional activity, apart from maintaining basal transcription. Sp1 activity and stability are affected by post-translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, glycosylation, and SUMOylation. These modifications help to determine genetic programs that alter the Sp1 structure in different cells and increase or decrease its transcriptional activity and DNA binding stability in response to pathophysiological stimuli. Investigating the PTMs of Sp1 will contribute to a deeper understanding of the mechanism underlying the cell signaling pathway regulating Sp1 stability and the regulatory mechanism by which Sp1 affects cancer progression. Furthermore, it will facilitate the development of new drug targets and biomarkers, thereby elucidating considerable implications in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xutao Sun
- Department of Typhoid, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Chengpu Xiao
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyang Wang
- Department of Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Siyu Wu
- Department of Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zhendong Yang
- Department of Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Bowen Sui
- Department of Pneumology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yunjia Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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3
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Thapliyal S, Vishnoi R, Murti Y, Kumar R, Chavan N, Rawat P, Joshi G, Dwivedi AR, Goel KK. Exploring anticancer properties of the phytoconstituents and comparative analysis of their chemical space parameters with USFDA-approved synthetic anticancer agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14561. [PMID: 38862268 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The present review article thoroughly analyses natural products and their derived phytoconstituents as a rich source of plausible anticancer drugs. The study thoroughly explores the chemical components derived from various natural sources, thus emphasizing their unique structural characteristics and therapeutic potential as an anticancer agent. The review contains the critical chemical constituents' in-depth molecular mechanisms, their source's chemical structures and the categories. The review also comprises an exhaustive and comprehensive analysis of different chemical spacing parameters of the anticancer agents derived from natural products. It compares them with USFDA-approved synthetic anticancer drugs up to 2020, thus providing a meaningful understanding of the relationship between natural and synthetic compounds portraying the anticancer assets. The review also delves more deeply into the chemical analysis of the heterocyclic moieties from the natural product arena, illustrating the anticancer mechanisms. The present article is, therefore, expected to serve as a valuable resource for natural product and medicinal chemists, encouraging and promoting an integrated approach to exploit the potential of natural products in drug discovery development and translational research, which have a prerequisite of bench to bedside approach. The work could guide researchers toward innovative approaches for the ever-evolving field of anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somesh Thapliyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (Central University), Srinagar, India
| | - Ritu Vishnoi
- Department of Botany, Hariom Saraswati PG College, Dhanauri, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Yogesh Murti
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Roshan Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Nirja Chavan
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pramod Rawat
- Graphic Era (Deemed to be University) Clement Town Dehradun, Dehradun, India
- Graphic Era Hill University Clement Town Dehradun, Dehradun, India
| | - Gaurav Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (Central University), Srinagar, India
| | - Ashish Ranjan Dwivedi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kapil Kumar Goel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
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4
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Rasapalli S, Huang Y, Sammeta VR, Alshehry R, Anver F, Golen JA, Krishnamoorthy S, Chavan SP. Diversity oriented total synthesis (DOTS) of pyridoquinazolinone alkaloids and their analogues. TETRAHEDRON CHEM 2024; 9:100062. [PMID: 39329156 PMCID: PMC11426416 DOI: 10.1016/j.tchem.2024.100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
A short diversity oriented total synthesis (DOTS) of substituted rutaecarpines, homo-luotonins, homo-vasicinone, homo-isaindigotones and homo-vasnetine has been achieved from the key tricyclic intermediate. The [6,6,6] tricyclic ketone, the mackinazolindione, was accessed from simple substrates i.e., quinazolinone diester obtained from the disubstituted anthranilamide which in turn was prepared from the coupling of amino acid ester and ethyl oxalyl chloride with isatoic anhydride and Dieckmann condensation chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivappa Rasapalli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd, North Dartmouth, MA-02747, USA
| | - Yanchang Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd, North Dartmouth, MA-02747, USA
| | - Vamshikrishna Reddy Sammeta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd, North Dartmouth, MA-02747, USA
| | - Reem Alshehry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd, North Dartmouth, MA-02747, USA
| | - Fazmina Anver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd, North Dartmouth, MA-02747, USA
| | - James A Golen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Rd, North Dartmouth, MA-02747, USA
| | | | - Subhash P Chavan
- Organic Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
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Yan J, Zhu J, Li X, Yang R, Xiao W, Huang C, Zheng C. Blocking LTB 4 signaling-mediated TAMs recruitment by Rhizoma Coptidis sensitizes lung cancer to immunotherapy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:154968. [PMID: 37531900 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) induces durable immune responses across a spectrum of advanced cancers and revolutionizes the oncology field. However, only a subset of patients achieves long-lasting clinical benefits. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) usually secrete immunosuppressive cytokines and contribute to the failure of ICB therapy. Therefore, it is crucial to mechanically manipulate the abundance and function of TAMs in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which can offer a promising molecular basis to improve the clinical response efficacy of ICB in cancer patients. PURPOSE This study aims to investigate TAMs in the immunosuppressive microenvironment to identify new therapeutic targets, improve the ability to predict and guide responses to clinical immunotherapy, and develop new strategies for immunotherapy of lung tumors. METHODS Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) xenograft-bearing mouse models were established to analyze the antitumor activity of Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) in vivo. A systems pharmacology strategy was used to predict the correlation between RC and M2 macrophages. The effect of RC on the abundance of M2 macrophages was analyzed by flow cytometry of murine samples. Western blot was performed to analyze the expression of Leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) and LTB4 receptor 1 (BLT1) in harvested lung cancer tissues. The impact of blocking leukotriene B4 (LTB4) signaling by RC on the recruitment of M2 macrophages was assessed in vitro and in vivo. Transwell migration assays were conducted to clarify the inhibition of macrophage migration by blocking LTB4. Lta4h-/- mice were used to investigate the sensitivity of immunotherapy to lung cancer by blocking the LTB4 signaling. RESULTS Here, we report that RC, an herbal medicine from the family Ranunculaceae, suppresses the recruitment and immunosuppressive function of TAMs, which in turn sensitizes lung cancer to ICB therapy. Firstly, a systems pharmacology strategy was proposed to identify combinatorial drugs for ICB therapy with a systems biology perspective of drug-target-pathway-TME phenotype. We predicted and verified that RC significantly inhibits tumor growth and the infiltration of M2-TAMs into TME of LLC tumor-bearing mice. Then, RC inhibits the recruitment of macrophages to the tumor TME via blocking LTB4 signaling, and suppresses the expression of immunosuppressive factors (IL-10, TGF-β and VEGF). As a result, RC enables CD8+ T cells to retain their proliferative and infiltrative abilities within the TME. Ultimately, these events promote cytotoxic T-cell-mediated clearance of tumor cells, which is further enhanced by the addition of anti-PD-L1 therapy. Furthermore, we employed LTA4H deficient mice (Lta4h-/- mice) to evaluate the antitumor efficiency, the results showed that the efficacy of immunotherapy was enhanced due to the synergistic effect of LTB4 signaling blockage and ICB inhibition, leading to remarkable inhibition of tumor growth in a mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings suggest that RC enhances antitumor immunity, providing a rationale for combining RC with immunotherapies as a potential anti-cancer treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangna Yan
- College of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, PR China
| | - Jinglin Zhu
- College of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, PR China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, PR China
| | - Ruijie Yang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, PR China
| | - Chao Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
| | - Chunli Zheng
- College of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, PR China.
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6
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Koeberle SC, Kipp AP, Stuppner H, Koeberle A. Ferroptosis-modulating small molecules for targeting drug-resistant cancer: Challenges and opportunities in manipulating redox signaling. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:614-682. [PMID: 36658724 PMCID: PMC10947485 DOI: 10.1002/med.21933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death program that is characterized by excessive lipid peroxidation. Triggering ferroptosis has been proposed as a promising strategy to fight cancer and overcome drug resistance in antitumor therapy. Understanding the molecular interactions and structural features of ferroptosis-inducing compounds might therefore open the door to efficient pharmacological strategies against aggressive, metastatic, and therapy-resistant cancer. We here summarize the molecular mechanisms and structural requirements of ferroptosis-inducing small molecules that target central players in ferroptosis. Focus is placed on (i) glutathione peroxidase (GPX) 4, the only GPX isoenzyme that detoxifies complex membrane-bound lipid hydroperoxides, (ii) the cystine/glutamate antiporter system Xc - that is central for glutathione regeneration, (iii) the redox-protective transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2), and (iv) GPX4 repression in combination with induced heme degradation via heme oxygenase-1. We deduce common features for efficient ferroptotic activity and highlight challenges in drug development. Moreover, we critically discuss the potential of natural products as ferroptosis-inducing lead structures and provide a comprehensive overview of structurally diverse biogenic and bioinspired small molecules that trigger ferroptosis via iron oxidation, inhibition of the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system or less defined modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solveigh C. Koeberle
- Michael Popp Institute, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI)University of InnsbruckTirolInnsbruckAustria
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional SciencesFriedrich Schiller University JenaThüringenJenaGermany
| | - Anna P. Kipp
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional SciencesFriedrich Schiller University JenaThüringenJenaGermany
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Unit of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI)University of InnsbruckTirolInnsbruckAustria
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Michael Popp Institute, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI)University of InnsbruckTirolInnsbruckAustria
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7
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Safe S. Specificity Proteins (Sp) and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5164. [PMID: 36982239 PMCID: PMC10048989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The specificity protein (Sp) transcription factors (TFs) Sp1, Sp2, Sp3 and Sp4 exhibit structural and functional similarities in cancer cells and extensive studies of Sp1 show that it is a negative prognostic factor for patients with multiple tumor types. In this review, the role of Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4 in the development of cancer and their regulation of pro-oncogenic factors and pathways is reviewed. In addition, interactions with non-coding RNAs and the development of agents that target Sp transcription factors are also discussed. Studies on normal cell transformation into cancer cell lines show that this transformation process is accompanied by increased levels of Sp1 in most cell models, and in the transformation of muscle cells into rhabdomyosarcoma, both Sp1 and Sp3, but not Sp4, are increased. The pro-oncogenic functions of Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4 in cancer cell lines were studied in knockdown studies where silencing of each individual Sp TF decreased cancer growth, invasion and induced apoptosis. Silencing of an individual Sp TF was not compensated for by the other two and it was concluded that Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4 are examples of non-oncogene addicted genes. This conclusion was strengthened by the results of Sp TF interactions with non-coding microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs where Sp1 contributed to pro-oncogenic functions of Sp/non-coding RNAs. There are now many examples of anticancer agents and pharmaceuticals that induce downregulation/degradation of Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4, yet clinical applications of drugs specifically targeting Sp TFs are not being used. The application of agents targeting Sp TFs in combination therapies should be considered for their potential to enhance treatment efficacy and decrease toxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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8
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Scabertopin Derived from Elephantopus scaber L. Mediates Necroptosis by Inducing Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Bladder Cancer In Vitro. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235976. [PMID: 36497458 PMCID: PMC9738305 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer remains one of the most common malignant tumors that threatens human health worldwide. It imposes a heavy burden on patients and society due to the high medical costs associated with its easy metastasis and recurrence. Although several treatment options for bladder cancer are available, their clinical efficacy remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, actively exploring new drugs and their mechanisms of action for the clinical treatment of bladder cancer is very important. Scabertopin is one of the major sesquiterpene lactones found in Elephantopus scaber L. Sesquiterpene lactones are thought to have fairly strong anti-cancer efficacy. However, the anticancer effect of sesquiterpenoid scabertopin on bladder cancer and its mechanism are still unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antitumor activity of scabertopin in bladder cancer and its potential molecular mechanism in vitro. Our results suggest that scabertopin can induce RIP1/RIP3-dependent necroptosis in bladder cancer cells by promoting the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibit the expression of MMP-9 by inhibiting the FAK/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and ultimately inhibit the migration and invasion ability of bladder cancer cells. At the same time, we also demonstrated that the half-inhibition concentration (IC50) of scabertopin on various bladder cancer cell lines (J82, T24, RT4 and 5637) is much lower than that on human ureteral epithelial immortalized cells (SV-HUC-1). The above observations indicate that scabertopin is a potential therapeutic agent for bladder cancer that acts by inducing necroptosis and inhibiting metastasis.
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9
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Natural quinazolinones: From a treasure house to promising anticancer leads. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 245:114915. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Malekan M, Ebrahimzadeh MA. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors [VEGFR] as Target in Breast Cancer Treatment: Current Status in Preclinical and Clinical Studies and Future Directions. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:891-920. [PMID: 35260067 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220308161710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer [BC] is one of the most common cancers among women, one of the leading causes of a considerable number of cancer-related death globally. Among all procedures leading to the formation of breast tumors, angiogenesis has an important role in cancer progression and outcomes. Therefore, various anti-angiogenic strategies have developed so far to enhance treatment's efficacy in different types of BC. Vascular endothelial growth factors [VEGFs] and their receptors are regarded as the most well-known regulators of neovascularization. VEGF binding to vascular endothelial growth factor receptors [VEGFRs] provides cell proliferation and vascular tissue formation by the subsequent tyrosine kinase pathway. VEGF/VEGFR axis displays an attractive target for anti-angiogenesis and anti-cancer drug design. This review aims to describe the existing literature regarding VEGFR inhibitors, focusing on BC treatment reported in the last two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Malekan
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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11
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Roy S, Kumaravel S, Banerjee P, White TK, O’Brien A, Seelig C, Chauhan R, Ekser B, Bayless KJ, Alpini G, Glaser SS, Chakraborty S. Tumor Lymphatic Interactions Induce CXCR2-CXCL5 Axis and Alter Cellular Metabolism and Lymphangiogenic Pathways to Promote Cholangiocarcinoma. Cells 2021; 10:3093. [PMID: 34831316 PMCID: PMC8623887 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), or cancer of bile duct epithelial cells, is a very aggressive malignancy characterized by early lymphangiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and lymph node (LN) metastasis which correlate with adverse patient outcome. However, the specific roles of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) that promote LN metastasis remains unexplored. Here we aimed to identify the dynamic molecular crosstalk between LECs and CCA cells that activate tumor-promoting pathways and enhances lymphangiogenic mechanisms. Our studies show that inflamed LECs produced high levels of chemokine CXCL5 that signals through its receptor CXCR2 on CCA cells. The CXCR2-CXCL5 signaling axis in turn activates EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) inducing MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) genes such as GLI, PTCHD, and MMP2 in CCA cells that promote CCA migration and invasion. Further, rate of mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis of CCA cells was significantly upregulated by inflamed LECs and CXCL5 activation, indicating metabolic reprogramming. CXCL5 also induced lactate production, glucose uptake, and mitoROS. CXCL5 also induced LEC tube formation and increased metabolic gene expression in LECs. In vivo studies using CCA orthotopic models confirmed several of these mechanisms. Our data points to a key finding that LECs upregulate critical tumor-promoting pathways in CCA via CXCR2-CXCL5 axis, which further augments CCA metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Roy
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (S.R.); (S.K.); (P.B.); (T.K.W.); (A.O.); (C.S.); (R.C.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Subhashree Kumaravel
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (S.R.); (S.K.); (P.B.); (T.K.W.); (A.O.); (C.S.); (R.C.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Priyanka Banerjee
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (S.R.); (S.K.); (P.B.); (T.K.W.); (A.O.); (C.S.); (R.C.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Tori K. White
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (S.R.); (S.K.); (P.B.); (T.K.W.); (A.O.); (C.S.); (R.C.); (S.S.G.)
| | - April O’Brien
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (S.R.); (S.K.); (P.B.); (T.K.W.); (A.O.); (C.S.); (R.C.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Catherine Seelig
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (S.R.); (S.K.); (P.B.); (T.K.W.); (A.O.); (C.S.); (R.C.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Rahul Chauhan
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (S.R.); (S.K.); (P.B.); (T.K.W.); (A.O.); (C.S.); (R.C.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Burcin Ekser
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplant Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202-3082, USA;
| | - Kayla J. Bayless
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA;
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202-3082, USA;
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202-3082, USA
| | - Shannon S. Glaser
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (S.R.); (S.K.); (P.B.); (T.K.W.); (A.O.); (C.S.); (R.C.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Sanjukta Chakraborty
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (S.R.); (S.K.); (P.B.); (T.K.W.); (A.O.); (C.S.); (R.C.); (S.S.G.)
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12
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Schnoell J, Stanisz I, Jank BJ, Stanek V, Schmid R, Brunner M, Heiduschka G, Kotowski U. Zerumbone acts as a radiosensitizer in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Invest New Drugs 2021; 40:224-231. [PMID: 34613571 PMCID: PMC8993726 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01190-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Zerumbone is a phytochemical compound of the ginger plant Zingiber zerumbet with cytotoxic effects in various cancer cell lines. To date, zerumbone has shown an antiproliferative effect in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells lines. However, the effect of combination with radiation or cisplatin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zerumbone alone, and in combination with irradiation and cisplatin on HNSCC cell lines. Methods. The three HNSCC cell lines SCC25, Cal27 and FaDu were treated with zerumbone, radiation and/or cisplatin. Cell viability and clonogenic assays were performed. The interaction between zerumbone and radiation or cisplatin was evaluated using the combination index. Apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry and cell migration was assessed using a wound healing assay. Results. Treatment with zerumbone resulted in a dose dependent induction of cytotoxicity and apoptosis in all three cell lines. The combination with cisplatin revealed a synergistic to additive effect in Cal27. The clonogenic assay showed a significant radiosensitizing effect in all three cell lines. The wound healing assay showed a reduction of cell migration in Cal27. Conclusion. The natural compound zerumbone shows a cytotoxic and proapoptotic effect on HNSCC cell lines. Furthermore, zerumbone enhances the radiation effect in all three cell lines and thus may be a suitable candidate for combination therapy in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schnoell
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabella Stanisz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard J Jank
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Stanek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer Schmid
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Brunner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Heiduschka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ulana Kotowski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Kumavath R, Paul S, Pavithran H, Paul MK, Ghosh P, Barh D, Azevedo V. Emergence of Cardiac Glycosides as Potential Drugs: Current and Future Scope for Cancer Therapeutics. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1275. [PMID: 34572488 PMCID: PMC8465509 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides are natural sterols and constitute a group of secondary metabolites isolated from plants and animals. These cardiotonic agents are well recognized and accepted in the treatment of various cardiac diseases as they can increase the rate of cardiac contractions by acting on the cellular sodium potassium ATPase pump. However, a growing number of recent efforts were focused on exploring the antitumor and antiviral potential of these compounds. Several reports suggest their antitumor properties and hence, today cardiac glycosides (CG) represent the most diversified naturally derived compounds strongly recommended for the treatment of various cancers. Mutated or dysregulated transcription factors have also gained prominence as potential therapeutic targets that can be selectively targeted. Thus, we have explored the recent advances in CGs mediated cancer scope and have considered various signaling pathways, molecular aberration, transcription factors (TFs), and oncogenic genes to highlight potential therapeutic targets in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjith Kumavath
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (P.O) Kasaragod, Kerala 671320, India;
| | - Sayan Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu 627012, India;
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Honey Pavithran
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (P.O) Kasaragod, Kerala 671320, India;
| | - Manash K. Paul
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Preetam Ghosh
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur 721172, India;
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Genetica, Ecologia e Evolucao, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-001, Brazil;
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Genetica, Ecologia e Evolucao, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-001, Brazil;
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14
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Wang R, Li Y, Hu H, Persoons L, Daelemans D, De Jonghe S, Luyten W, Krasniqi B, Dehaen W. Antibacterial and antitumoral properties of 1,2,3-triazolo fused triterpenes and their mechanism of inhibiting the proliferation of HL-60 cells. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113727. [PMID: 34352711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance and cancer are two important problems affecting human health. Actively developing novel antibiotics and anticancer medicines is a priority. Natural pentacyclic triterpenoids have attracted wide attention due to their significant biological activities. In this study, a series of 1,2,3-triazolo fused triterpenoids (betulin, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid) were functionalized on the A-ring by an in-house developed multi-component triazolization reaction. The compounds were investigated for antitumoral activity in twelve cancer cell lines and were also tested for antibacterial activity against four bacteria. In terms of anticancer effects, compounds 5b-f and 8a-d displayed strong cytotoxic activity in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (Capan-1), chronic myeloid leukemia (Hap-1), acute myeloid leukemia (HL-60), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Jurkat) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (Rec-1) cell lines. Among them, compound 5f exhibited the most potent antiproliferative effect on HL-60 cells. Further pharmacological research confirmed that compound 5f caused mitochondrial dysfunction and arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase to induce apoptosis of HL-60 cells. In addition, compound 5f also induced autophagy to inhibit the proliferation of HL-60 cells. Antibacterial screening revealed that compounds 2a-g and 5a-d showed modest activity against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica) with especially compounds 2c and 2d being potent inhibitors of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica growth. Because of their promising anticancer and antibacterial activity, this series of compounds deserve further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yang Li
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, PR China
| | - Haibo Hu
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2465, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leentje Persoons
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Herestraat 49 - Box 1043, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Daelemans
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Herestraat 49 - Box 1043, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven De Jonghe
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Herestraat 49 - Box 1043, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Walter Luyten
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2465, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Besir Krasniqi
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium.
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15
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Mathermycin, an anti-cancer molecule that targets cell surface phospholipids. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 413:115410. [PMID: 33476679 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mathermycin, a lantipeptide isolated from marine actinomycete Marinactinospora thermotolerans, is an antibiotic that has been shown to disrupt bacterial plasma membrane. We now provide evidences that mathermycin can also disrupt cancer, but not normal, cell plasma membranes through targeting phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), which is located only in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane in normal cells but in both the inner and outer leaflets of the membrane in tumor cells. Our data shows that mathermycin inhibits the metabolic activity and induces mainly necrotic death of all cancer cell lines with EC50 between 4.2 and 16.9 μM, while normal cell lines have EC50 between 113 and 129 μM. The cytotoxicity of mathermycin could be inhibited by exogenous PE, but not phosphoserine and phosphocholine. The formation of mathermycin-PE complexes was confirmed by in silico analysis, HPLC and MS spectrometer. Furthermore, mathermycin exhibited similar cytotoxicity toward cancer and multidrug resistant cancer cells, which could be due to its ability to inhibit mitochondrial function, as shown by our data from the Seahorse™ metabolic analyzer. This study demonstrates that mathermycin is a potentially effective class of anti-tumor chemotherapeutics that do not easily develop resistance due to a mechanism of action targeting PE.
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16
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Huang C, Li Z, Zhu J, Chen X, Hao Y, Yang R, Huang R, Zhou J, Wang Z, Xiao W, Zheng C, Wang Y. Systems pharmacology dissection of Epimedium targeting tumor microenvironment to enhance cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in lung cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:2912-2940. [PMID: 33460401 PMCID: PMC7880341 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The clinical notably success of immunotherapy fosters an enthusiasm in developing drugs by enhancing antitumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Epimedium, is a promising herbal medicine for tumor immunotherapy due to the pharmacological actions in immunological function modulation and antitumor. Here, we developed a novel systems pharmacology strategy to explore the polypharmacology mechanism of Epimedium involving in targeting TME of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This strategy integrates the active compounds screening, target predicting, network pharmacology analysis and onco-immune interacting to predict the potential active compounds that trigger the antitumor immunity. Icaritin (ICT), a major active ingredient of Epimedium, was predicted to have good drug-like properties and target immune microenvironment in NSCLC via regulating multiple targets and pathways. Then, we evidenced that the ICT effectively inhibited tumor growth in LLC tumor-bearing mice and increases the infiltration of CD8+ T cells in TME. In addition, we demonstrated that ICT promotes infiltration of CD8+ T cells in TME by downregulating the immunosuppressive cytokine (TNF-α, IL10, IL6) and upregulating chemotaxis (CXCL9 and CXCL10). Overall, the systems pharmacology strategy offers an important paradigm to understand the mechanism of polypharmacology of natural products targeting TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Bioinformatics Center, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jinglin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xuetong Chen
- Bioinformatics Center, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ruijie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ruifei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical, Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical, Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical, Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China
| | - Chunli Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Bioinformatics Center, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
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17
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Grymel M, Pastuch-Gawołek G, Lalik A, Zawojak M, Boczek S, Krawczyk M, Erfurt K. Glycoconjugation of Betulin Derivatives Using Copper-Catalyzed 1,3-Dipolar Azido-Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction and a Preliminary Assay of Cytotoxicity of the Obtained Compounds. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25246019. [PMID: 33353244 PMCID: PMC7766341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25246019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentacyclic lupane-type triterpenoids, such as betulin and its synthetic derivatives, display a broad spectrum of biological activity. However, one of the major drawbacks of these compounds as potential therapeutic agents is their high hydrophobicity and low bioavailability. On the other hand, the presence of easily transformable functional groups in the parent structure makes betulin have a high synthetic potential and the ability to form different derivatives. In this context, research on the synthesis of new betulin derivatives as conjugates of naturally occurring triterpenoid with a monosaccharide via a linker containing a heteroaromatic 1,2,3-triazole ring was presented. It has been shown that copper-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC) provides an easy and effective way to synthesize new molecular hybrids based on natural products. The chemical structures of the obtained betulin glycoconjugates were confirmed by spectroscopic analysis. Cytotoxicity of the obtained compounds was evaluated on a human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) and colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT 116). The obtained results show that despite the fact that the obtained betulin glycoconjugates do not show interesting antitumor activity, the idea of adding a sugar unit to the betulin backbone may, after some modifications, turn out to be correct and allow for the targeted transport of betulin glycoconjugates into the tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosława Grymel
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (M.Z.); (S.B.); (M.K.)
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-032-237-1873
| | - Gabriela Pastuch-Gawołek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (M.Z.); (S.B.); (M.K.)
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Anna Lalik
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Zawojak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (M.Z.); (S.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Seweryn Boczek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (M.Z.); (S.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Monika Krawczyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (M.Z.); (S.B.); (M.K.)
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Karol Erfurt
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
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Ping Z, Jun X, Yan W, Jun Z. Anti-cancer properties of specific Chinese herbal medicines for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. Eur J Integr Med 2020:101215. [PMID: 33042292 PMCID: PMC7532350 DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This essay explores the anti-cancer activity of specific Chinese herbal medicines to clarify how effective Chinese herbal medicine is used for handling hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS Literature form publica domain were studied and an analysis of anti-cancer activity of specific Chinese herbal medicines is presented in this review. RESULTS Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most dangerous malignant tumors in the world. The operative diagnosis of liver cancer remains a significant challenge. Although surgery tissue resection is encouraging, a high risk of recurrence and metastasis, illustrating disease-related mortality is desperately required to enhance postoperative preventive and therapeutic clinical procedures. The almost only effective clinical intervention seems to be developing advanced targeted therapies such as sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma patients, but there is little research in this field. Because their preventative/therapeutic properties strengthen Chinese herbal medicinal compounds, they are deemed relevant to the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: Chinese herbal medicine derivates provide multifaceted, orientated and orchestrated therapy, making it an ideal candidate for inhibiting hepatocellular tumor production and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zang Ping
- Pharmacy, Qingdao Island Central Hospital
| | - Xue Jun
- Department of Pharmacy, Huangdao district Chinese Medicine Hospital, Qingdao
| | - Wang Yan
- Qingdao West Coast New Area Health Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Brigade
| | - Zhang Jun
- Department of Pharmacy, Huangdao district Chinese Medicine Hospital, Qingdao
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Zhou S, Luo Q, Tan X, Huang W, Feng X, Zhang T, Chen W, Yang C, Li Y. Erchen decoction plus huiyanzhuyu decoction inhibits the cell cycle, migration and invasion and induces the apoptosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 256:112638. [PMID: 32007633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Laryngeal carcinoma (LC) is one of the most common malignant head and neck cancers with high incidence and mortality rates. Erchen decoction plus Huiyanzhuyu decoction (EHD) is commonly used for treating LC patients and produces beneficial results. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of EHD remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to analyse the anticancer effects of EHD on the LC cell cycle, apoptosis, migration and invasion in vitro and to explore the underlying biological mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS TU212 and Hep-2 cells were used. The antitumour effects of EHD were detected by CCK8, microscopy, flow cytometry, EdU incorporation, Hoechst 33342 staining, wound-healing, and transwell assays to assess viability, morphology, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration and invasion, respectively. Furthermore, STAT3 and related proteins were evaluated in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) cells by Western blot (WB) analysis. RESULTS EHD treatment significantly decreased STAT3 and p-STAT3 protein expression levels in LSCC cells. EHD blocked the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase and induced LSCC apoptosis. Moreover, the viability, migration, and invasion of LSCC cells were markedly inhibited by EHD. In addition, the expression of the cell cycle-related proteins cyclin D1 and cyclin B1 was downregulated in LSCC cells, but P27 expression was increased after EHD treatment. Regarding apoptosis-related proteins, EHD also reduced Bcl-2 expression but upregulated Bax and caspase-3 expression in LSCC cells. In the migration- and invasion-related protein analyses, EHD downregulated MMP-9 expression and upregulated E-cadherin expression. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that EHD has an anticancer effect in LSCC. EHD treatment induces apoptosis and inhibits the cell cycle, migration and invasion of LSCC cells, but further work is warranted to address the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Zhou
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Otorhinolaryngology Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Qiulan Luo
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Otorhinolaryngology Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Xi Tan
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Otorhinolaryngology Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Xiaocong Feng
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Chinese Medicine Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Wenyong Chen
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Otorhinolaryngology Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Chaojie Yang
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Otorhinolaryngology Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yunying Li
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Otorhinolaryngology Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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20
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Woźniak M, Makuch S, Winograd K, Wiśniewski J, Ziółkowski P, Agrawal S. 6-Shogaol enhances the anticancer effect of 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan via increase of apoptosis and autophagy in colon cancer cells in hypoxic/aglycemic conditions. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:141. [PMID: 32393373 PMCID: PMC7216385 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02913-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development and growth of colorectal cancer based on constitutive activation of numerous signaling pathways that stimulate proliferation and metastasis. Plant-derived agents excel by targeting multiple aspects of tumor progression. Previous investigations have shown that ginger derivatives- shogaols possess anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, we have examined the anti-cancer effects of 6-shogaol alongside with the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents/regimens in the tumor-like microenvironment conditions. METHODS Cytotoxicity on two colon cancer cell lines (SW480 and SW620) was measured by MTT test. Apoptosisassay, immunocytochemical and Western blotting analysis for autophagy and apoptosis detection were performed. RESULTS Here, we report that 6-shogaol by itself or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents/regimens exerted a cytotoxic effect on CRC cells. Cell death might be linked with the activation of autophagy and apoptosis-related pathways. In the tumor-like microenvironment, which is characterized by hypoxia and glucose starvation, 6-shogaol with chemotherapeutics is significantly more potent than conventional chemotherapy alone. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data suggest that the addition of 6-shogaol to established chemotherapeutic regimens could potentially be a remarkable therapeutic strategy for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Woźniak
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. K. Marcinkowskiego, 150-368, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Makuch
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. K. Marcinkowskiego, 150-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kinga Winograd
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jerzy Wiśniewski
- Department of Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Ziółkowski
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. K. Marcinkowskiego, 150-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Siddarth Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. K. Marcinkowskiego, 150-368, Wrocław, Poland
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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21
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Sinomenine Inhibits Migration and Invasion of Human Lung Cancer Cell through Downregulating Expression of miR-21 and MMPs. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093080. [PMID: 32349289 PMCID: PMC7247699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinomenine is an alkaloid derived from Sinomenium acutum. Recent studies have found that sinomenine can inhibit various cancers by inhibiting the proliferation, migration and invasion of tumors and inducing apoptosis. This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of sinomenine on inhibiting the migration and invasion of human lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro. The results demonstrate that viabilities of A549 and H1299 cells were inhibited by sinomenine in a dose-dependent manner. When treated with sub-toxic doses of sinomenine, cell migration and invasion are markedly suppressed. Sinomenine decreases the mRNA level of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, and the extracellular inducer of matrix metalloproteinase (EMMPRIN/CD147), but elevates the expression of reversion-inducing cysteine-rich proteins with kazal motifs (RECK) and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and TIMP-2. In addition, sinomenine significantly increases the expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin but concomitantly decreases the expression of the mesenchymal marker vimentin, suggesting that it suppresses epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, sinomenine downregulates oncogenic microRNA-21 (miR-21), which has been known to target RECK. The downregulation of miR-21 decreases cell invasion, while the upregulation of miR-21 increases cell invasion. Furthermore, the downregulation of miR-21 stimulates the expression of RECK, TIMP-1/-2, and E-cadherin, but reduces the expression of MMP-2/-9, EMMPRIN/CD147, and vimentin. Taken together, the results reveal that the inhibition of A549 cell invasion by sinomenine may, at least in part, be through the downregulating expression of MMPs and miR-21. These findings demonstrate an attractive therapeutic potential for sinomenine in lung cancer anti-metastatic therapy.
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22
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Li AL, Hao Y, Wang WY, Liu QS, Sun Y, Gu W. Design, Synthesis, and Anticancer Evaluation of Novel Indole Derivatives of Ursolic Acid as Potential Topoisomerase II Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2876. [PMID: 32326071 PMCID: PMC7215373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a series of new indole derivatives of ursolic acid bearing different N-(aminoalkyl)carboxamide side chains were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activities against two human hepatocarcinoma cell lines (SMMC-7721 and HepG2) and normal hepatocyte cell line (LO2) via MTT assay. Among them, compound 5f exhibited the most potent activity against SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 0.56 ± 0.08 μM and 0.91 ± 0.13 μM, respectively, and substantially lower cytotoxicity to LO2 cells. A follow-up enzyme inhibition assay and molecular docking study indicated that compound 5f can significantly inhibit the activity of Topoisomerase IIα. Further mechanistic studies performed in SMMC-7721 cells revealed that compound 5f can elevate the intracellular ROS levels, decrease mitochondrial membrane potential, and finally lead to the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells. Collectively, compound 5f is a promising Topoisomerase II (Topo II) inhibitor, which exhibited the potential as a lead compound for the discovery of novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wen Gu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (A-L.L.); (Y.H.); (W.-Y.W.); (Q.-S.L.); (Y.S.)
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23
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CXCL11-CXCR3 Axis Mediates Tumor Lymphatic Cross Talk and Inflammation-Induced Tumor, Promoting Pathways in Head and Neck Cancers. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:900-915. [PMID: 32035061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis to the draining lymph nodes is critical in patient prognosis and is tightly regulated by molecular interactions mediated by lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). The underlying mechanisms remain undefined in the head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Using HNSCC cells and LECs we determined the mechanisms mediating tumor-lymphatic cross talk. The effects of a pentacyclic triterpenoid, methyl 2-trifluoromethyl-3,11-dioxoolean-1,12-dien-30-oate (CF3DODA-Me), a potent anticancer agent, were studied on cancer-lymphatic interactions. In response to inflammation, LECs induced the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9/10/11 chemokines with a concomitant increase in the chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3 (CXCR3) in tumor cells. CF3DODA-Me showed antiproliferative effects on tumor cells, altered cellular bioenergetics, suppressed matrix metalloproteinases and chemokine receptors, and the induction of CXCL11-CXCR3 axis and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathways. Tumor cell migration to LECs was inhibited by blocking CXCL11 whereas recombinant CXCL11 significantly induced tumor migration, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and matrix remodeling. Immunohistochemical analysis of HNSCC tumor arrays showed enhanced expression of CXCR3 and increased lymphatic vessel infiltration. Furthermore, The Cancer Genome Atlas RNA-sequencing data from HNSCC patients also showed a positive correlation between CXCR3 expression and lymphovascular invasion. Collectively, our data suggest a novel mechanism for cross talk between the LECs and HNSCC tumors through the CXCR3-CXCL11 axis and elucidate the role of the triterpenoid CF3DODA-Me in abrogating several of these tumor-promoting pathways.
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24
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Liu Z, Wu Q, He J, Vriesekoop F, Liang H. Crystal-Seeded Growth of pH-Responsive Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhancing Encapsulation, Stability, and Bioactivity of Hydrophobicity Compounds. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:6581-6589. [PMID: 33423477 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Zeolitic imidazolate framework-L (ZIF-L) could effectively improve the stability, controlled release, and anticancer activity of natural hydrophobicity drugs in drug delivery systems (DDSs). A simple and universal strategy was developed to prepare the curcumin-loaded ZIF-L (CCM@ZIF-L) by the antisolvent coprecipitation method, which was different from the traditional approaches. The microcrystal molecules of curcumin were used as the core of ZIF-L growth to form CCM@ZIF-L, which has a very high drug encapsulation efficiency of 98.21% and a regular leaf or cruciate flower-like structure. The formation of CCM@ZIF-L with a distinct composite structure was supported by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared, powder X-ray diffraction, and zeta-potential. Because of the protective effect of ZIF-L, CCM@ZIF-L exhibited excellent stability and about a 5-fold increase in temperature stability over free curcumin. CCM@ZIF-L exhibited controlled drug release behavior in simulated in vitro tumor microenvironments (almost 81.2% drug release over a period of 72 h). Furthermore, confocal laser scanning microscopy results and cytotoxicity experiments confirmed that the encapsulated curcumin showed a significant improvement in cellular uptake and anticancer activity against A549 cancer cells. Moreover, the curcumin encapsulated in ZIF-L exhibited remarkable cellular antioxidant activity based on MGC-803 cell models. This work presents a novel approach to solve the drug loading problem by employing ZIF-L and exhibits enormous potential of ZIF-L as an effective DDS in cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jie He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Frank Vriesekoop
- Department of Food Technology and Innovation, Harper Adams University, Newport TF10 8NB, Shropshire, England
| | - Hao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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25
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Grymel M, Zawojak M, Adamek J. Triphenylphosphonium Analogues of Betulin and Betulinic Acid with Biological Activity: A Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1719-1730. [PMID: 31141361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring pentacyclic lupane triterpenoids such as betulin (1) or betulinic acid (2) and their synthetic derivatives display a broad spectrum of biological activities and, therefore, have been the subject of great interest. However, the use of these compounds as potential therapeutic agents is limited by their low bioavailability, high hydrophobicity, and insufficient intracellular accumulation. In this context, research on modifications of the parent structures that will improve their pharmacokinetic properties is particularly important. In the past few years, methods of synthesis as well as cytotoxic and antiparasitic properties of a series of lupane triterpenoids modified by introducing one or two triphenylphosphonium moieties at the C-2, C-3, C-28, or C-30 positions by carbon-carbon or ester bonds have been described. The presence of triphenylphosphonium groups affects not only physical properties but also the mechanism of action of a potential drug. This review summarizes published findings on synthetic methods and biological properties of the triphenylphosphonium derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosława Grymel
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology , Silesian University of Technology , 44-100 Gliwice , Poland
- Biotechnology Center of Silesian University of Technology , 44-100 Gliwice , Poland
| | - Mateusz Zawojak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology , Silesian University of Technology , 44-100 Gliwice , Poland
| | - Jakub Adamek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology , Silesian University of Technology , 44-100 Gliwice , Poland
- Biotechnology Center of Silesian University of Technology , 44-100 Gliwice , Poland
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26
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Albini A, Bassani B, Baci D, Dallaglio K, Gallazzi M, Corradino P, Bruno A, Noonan DM. Nutraceuticals and "Repurposed" Drugs of Phytochemical Origin in Prevention and Interception of Chronic Degenerative Diseases and Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:973-987. [PMID: 28933290 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170920144130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic, degenerative diseases are often characterized by inflammation and aberrant angiogenesis. For these pathologies, including rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases, cancer, diabetes, and obesity, current therapies have limited efficacy. OBJECTIVES The validation of novel (chemo)preventive and interceptive approaches, and the use of new or repurposed agents, alone or in combination with registered drugs, are urgently required. RESULTS Phytochemicals (triterpenoids, flavonoids, retinoids) and their derivatives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin) as well as biguanides (metformin and phenformin) originally developed from phytochemical backbones, are multi-target agents showing antiangiogenic and anti-anti-inflammatory proprieties. Many of them target AMPK and metabolic pathways such as the mTOR axis. We summarize the beneficial effects of several compounds in conferring protection and supporting therapy, and as a paradigm, we present data on terpenoids & biquanides on beer hop xanthohumol and hydroxytryrosol from olive mill waste waters. CONCLUSIONS These molecules could be employed for combinatorial chemoprevention and interception approaches or chemoprevention/therapy regimens for cancer and other chronic complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Albini
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara Bassani
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Denisa Baci
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Katiuscia Dallaglio
- Laboratory of Translational Research, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Matteo Gallazzi
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Corradino
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonino Bruno
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Douglas M Noonan
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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27
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Kumar C, P.T.V. L, Arunachalam A. Structure based pharmacophore study to identify possible natural selective PARP-1 trapper as anti-cancer agent. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 80:314-323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Wang R, Yang W, Fan Y, Dehaen W, Li Y, Li H, Wang W, Zheng Q, Huai Q. Design and synthesis of the novel oleanolic acid-cinnamic acid ester derivatives and glycyrrhetinic acid-cinnamic acid ester derivatives with cytotoxic properties. Bioorg Chem 2019; 88:102951. [PMID: 31054427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.102951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) are natural products with anticancer effects. Cinnamic acid (CA) and its derivatives also exhibited certain anticancer activity. In order to improve the anticancer activity of OA and GA, we designed and synthesized a series of novel OA-CA ester derivatives and GA-CA ester derivatives by using molecular hybridization approach. The 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to assess their in vitro cytotoxicity on three cell lines (HeLa (cervical cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and L-O2 (a normal hepatic cell)). Among the evaluated compounds, 3o presented the strongest selective cytotoxicity on HeLa cells (IC50 = 1.35 μM) and showed no inhibitory activity against MCF-7 cells (IC50 > 100 μM) and L-O2 cells (IC50 > 100 μM), and 3e presented the strongest selective inhibition of the MCF-7 cells (IC50 = 1.79 μM). What's more, compound 2d also showed very strong selective inhibitory activity against HeLa cells (IC50 = 1.55 μM). The further research using Hoechst 33342, AO/EB dual-staining, flow cytometric analysis and DCFH-DA fluorescent dye staining assay presented that 2d and 3o could induce HeLa cells apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Wei Yang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yiqing Fan
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Yang Li
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital/Affiliated Liaocheng Hospital, Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Huijing Li
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Qingxuan Zheng
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Qiyong Huai
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
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29
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Mitsiogianni M, Koutsidis G, Mavroudis N, Trafalis DT, Botaitis S, Franco R, Zoumpourlis V, Amery T, Galanis A, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI. The Role of Isothiocyanates as Cancer Chemo-Preventive, Chemo-Therapeutic and Anti-Melanoma Agents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E106. [PMID: 31003534 PMCID: PMC6523696 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown evidence in support of the beneficial effects of phytochemicals in preventing chronic diseases, including cancer. Among such phytochemicals, sulphur-containing compounds (e.g., isothiocyanates (ITCs)) have raised scientific interest by exerting unique chemo-preventive properties against cancer pathogenesis. ITCs are the major biologically active compounds capable of mediating the anticancer effect of cruciferous vegetables. Recently, many studies have shown that a higher intake of cruciferous vegetables is associated with reduced risk of developing various forms of cancers primarily due to a plurality of effects, including (i) metabolic activation and detoxification, (ii) inflammation, (iii) angiogenesis, (iv) metastasis and (v) regulation of the epigenetic machinery. In the context of human malignant melanoma, a number of studies suggest that ITCs can cause cell cycle growth arrest and also induce apoptosis in human malignant melanoma cells. On such basis, ITCs could serve as promising chemo-therapeutic agents that could be used in the clinical setting to potentiate the efficacy of existing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Mitsiogianni
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Georgios Koutsidis
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Nikos Mavroudis
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK.
| | - Dimitrios T Trafalis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Sotiris Botaitis
- Second Department of Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- Redox Biology Centre, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - Vasilis Zoumpourlis
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece.
| | - Tom Amery
- The Watrercress Company / The Wasabi Company, Waddock, Dorchester, Dorset DT2 8QY, UK.
| | - Alex Galanis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
| | - Mihalis I Panayiotidis
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
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30
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Vijayakumar A, Baskaran R, Baek JH, Sundaramoorthy P, Yoo BK. In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Bioavailability of Ginsenoside-Modified Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Containing Curcumin. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:88. [PMID: 30675630 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to investigate the cellular uptake, in vitro cytotoxicity and bioavailability of ginsenoside-modified nanostructured lipid carrier loaded with curcumin (G-NLC). The formulation was prepared by melt emulsification technique, in which water was added to the melted lipids and homogenized to give a uniform suspension of NLC (without ginsenoside) and G-NLC. Cellular uptake of curcumin in two colon cancer cell lines (HCT116 and HT29) was increased when administered using both NLC and G-NLC compared to control (curcumin dissolved into DMSO) as measured by fluorescence microscopy. Ginsenoside modification resulted in 2.0-fold and 1.4-fold increases in fluorescence intensity in HCT116 and HT29 cell lines, respectively, compared to plain NLC. In vitro cytotoxicity (assessed by MTT assay) had a dose-dependent relationship with curcumin concentration for both NLC and G-NLC. Although G-NLC was taken up more readily in HCT116 cells, ginsenoside modification did not produce a significant increase in cytotoxic effect; a significant increase was observed in HT29 cells. Oral administration of G-NLC in ten colon cancer patients produced an appreciable plasma level of unbound curcumin (2.9 ng/mL). In conclusion, introduction of ginsenoside into NLC enhanced the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of curcumin as well as its oral bioavailability, and this strategy can be used to improve clinical outcomes in the treatment of colon cancer with similar genotype to HT29.
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31
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Safe S, Nair V, Karki K. Metformin-induced anticancer activities: recent insights. Biol Chem 2018; 399:321-335. [PMID: 29272251 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2017-0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metformin is a widely used antidiabetic drug, and there is evidence among diabetic patients that metformin is a chemopreventive agent against multiple cancers. There is also evidence in human studies that metformin is a cancer chemotherapeutic agent, and several clinical trials that use metformin alone or in combination with other drugs are ongoing. In vivo and in vitro cancer cell culture studies demonstrate that metformin induces both AMPK-dependent and AMPK-independent genes/pathways that result in inhibition of cancer cell growth and migration and induction of apoptosis. The effects of metformin in cancer cells resemble the patterns observed after treatment with drugs that downregulate specificity protein 1 (Sp1), Sp3 and Sp4 or by knockdown of Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4 by RNA interference. Studies in pancreatic cancer cells clearly demonstrate that metformin decreases expression of Sp1, Sp3, Sp4 and pro-oncogenic Sp-regulated genes, demonstrating that one of the underlying mechanisms of action of metformin as an anticancer agent involves targeting of Sp transcription factors. These observations are consistent with metformin-mediated effects on genes/pathways in many other tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA
| | - Vijayalekshmi Nair
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA
| | - Keshav Karki
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA
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32
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Abenavoli L, Izzo AA, Milić N, Cicala C, Santini A, Capasso R. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum): A concise overview on its chemistry, pharmacological, and nutraceutical uses in liver diseases. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2202-2213. [PMID: 30080294 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Milk thistle (MT; Silybum marianum), a member of the Asteraceae family, is a therapeutic herb with a 2,000-year history of use. MT fruits contain a mixture of flavonolignans collectively known as silymarin, being silybin (also named silibinin) the main component. This article reviews the chemistry of MT, the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability, the pharmacologically relevant actions for liver diseases (e.g., anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, antifibrotic, antioxidant, and liver-regenerating properties) as well as the clinical potential in patients with alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, drug-induced liver injury, and mushroom poisoning. Overall, literature data suggest that, despite encouraging preclinical data, further well-designed randomized clinical trials are needed to fully substantiate the real value of MT preparations in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovico Abenavoli
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Angelo A Izzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Natasa Milić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Carla Cicala
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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33
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Segun PA, Ogbole OO, Ismail FMD, Nahar L, Evans AR, Ajaiyeoba EO, Sarker SD. Resveratrol derivatives from Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Endl. display cytotoxicity and selectivity against several human cancer cell lines. Phytother Res 2018; 33:159-166. [PMID: 30346066 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Endl. (Burseraceae) is a medicinal plant widely used in Nigerian ethnomedicine. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the stem bark extract of C. africana and isolated cytotoxic compounds was investigated. Three resveratrol derivatives: (E)-resveratrol 3-O-rutinoside (1), 5-methoxy-(E)-resveratrol 3-O-rutinoside (2), and pinostilbene (3), together with 3-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid (4) were isolated from the methanol fraction of C. africana. Their structures were determined by extensive analysis of their HREIMS and NMR spectra. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds against four human carcinoma cells was determined using the MTT assay. Compound 1 displayed the highest antiproliferative effect on the cell lines, with IC50 values of 16.80, 21.74, 17.89, and 17.44 μM, against MCF7, A549, PC3, and HepG2 human cancer cell lines, respectively. In addition, compounds 1-3 showed low toxicity against normal human prostate cell line, with selectivity indices greater than five across the carcinoma cells, indicating that the compounds possess potential in the development of low-toxicity chemotherapeutic agents. These results support the traditional use of this plant in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Segun
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago Iwoye, Nigeria
| | - Omonike O Ogbole
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Fyaz M D Ismail
- Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lutfun Nahar
- Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew R Evans
- Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Edith O Ajaiyeoba
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Satyajit D Sarker
- Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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Singh PK, Silakari O. Pharmacophore and molecular dynamics based activity profiling of natural products for kinases involved in lung cancer. J Mol Model 2018; 24:318. [PMID: 30343450 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3849-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
To determine the kinase inhibitory potential of natural products that could be utilized in lung cancer therapy in the near future, a pharmacophore-based activity profiling protocol using parallel pharmacophore-based virtual screening of ZINC-a natural product database-was employed. The work presented here is based on the previously explored fact that pharmacophore-based parallel screening is a reliable in silico protocol to predict the possible biological activities of any compound, or any compound library, by screening it with a number of pharmacophore models. The present study involves ligand-based pharmacophore modeling of various kinases, including EGFR (T790 M), cMET, ErbB2, FGFR and ALK, which are well established targets of normal as well resistant lung cancer. The generated pharmacophore models were then utilized for parallel and cross screening. The profiled molecules for each target were then validated using molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations. The results show that kinase inhibitory activity profiling of some natural product molecules was successfully achieved. Graphical abstract Pharmacophore and activity profiling of natural products for kinases involved in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Om Silakari
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India.
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35
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Jahanafrooz Z, Motamed N, Rinner B, Mokhtarzadeh A, Baradaran B. Silibinin to improve cancer therapeutic, as an apoptotic inducer, autophagy modulator, cell cycle inhibitor, and microRNAs regulator. Life Sci 2018; 213:236-247. [PMID: 30308184 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Silibinin is a natural plant polyphenol with high antioxidant and anticancer properties, which causes broad-spectrum efficacy against cancer, including cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in most cancer cell types. Silibinin, by modulating the apoptosis, cell cycle progression and autophagic pathways in various cellular and molecular routs might be used to design more effective anticancer strategies. Silibinin also regulates aberrant miRNAs expression linked to many aspects of cell biology in cancer. Maybe the most interesting aspect of silibinin is its ability to trigger multiple cellular signaling pathways to induce a particular biologic effect in various cell types. This review discusses investigations supporting the ability of silibinin to be as a natural modulator of involved cellular biological events in cancer progression. In this review, we introduce the salient features of silibinin therapy to optimize clinical outcomes for oncology patients. The goal of the treatments is to make it possible to eliminate the tumor with the minimum side effects and cure the patient in the early stage cancer. Therefore, plant extracts such as silibinin can be included in the treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Jahanafrooz
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Motamed
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Beate Rinner
- Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biotechnology, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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36
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Izzo AA. A PTR virtual issue on the experimental and clinical pharmacology of the nutraceutical curcumin. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2107-2108. [PMID: 30277281 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo A Izzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Kumar P, Bhadauria AS, Singh AK, Saha S. Betulinic acid as apoptosis activator: Molecular mechanisms, mathematical modeling and chemical modifications. Life Sci 2018; 209:24-33. [PMID: 30076920 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A natural product betulinic acid (BA) has gained a huge significance in the recent years for its strong cytotoxicity. Surprisingly, in spite of being an interesting cancer protecting agent on a variety of tumor cells, the normal cells and tissues are rarely affected by BA. Betulinic acid and analogues (BAs) generally exert through the mechanisms that provokes an event of direct cell death and bypass the resistance to normal chemotherapeutics. Although the major mechanism associated with its ability to induce direct cell death is mitochondrial apoptosis, there are several other mechanisms explored recently. Importantly, mathematical modeling of apoptosis has been an important tool to explore the precise mechanism involved in mitochondrial apoptosis. Thus, this review is an endeavor to sum up the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of BA and future directions to apply mathematical modeling technique to better understand the precise mechanism of BA-induced apoptosis. The last section of the review encompasses the plausible structural modifications and formulations to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Archana S Bhadauria
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273009, India
| | - Ashok K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India.
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Herbal management of hepatocellular carcinoma through cutting the pathways of the common risk factors. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1246-1258. [PMID: 30257339 PMCID: PMC7127621 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered the most frequent tumor that associated with high mortality rate. Several risk factors contribute to the pathogenesis of HCC, such as chronic persistent infection with hepatitis C virus or hepatitis B virus, chronic untreated inflammation of liver with different etiology, oxidative stress and fatty liver disease. Several treatment protocols are used in the treatment of HCC but they also associated with diverse side effects. Many natural products are helpful in the co-treatment and prevention of HCC. Several mechanisms are involved in the action of these herbal products and their bioactive compounds in the prevention and co-treatment of HCC. They can inhibit the liver cancer development and progression in several ways as protecting against liver carcinogens, enhancing effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, inhibiting tumor cell growth and metastasis, and suppression of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. In this review, we will discuss the utility of diverse natural products in the prevention and co-treatment of HCC, through its capturing of the common risk factors known to lead to HCC and shed the light on their possible mechanisms of action. Our theory assumes that shutting down the risk factor to cancer development pathways is a critical strategy in cancer prevention and management. We recommend the use of these plants side by side to recent chemical medications and after stopping these chemicals, as a maintenance therapy to avoid HCC progression and decrease its global incidence.
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Vural H. The effect mechanism of Ginnalin A as a homeopathic agent on various cancer cell lines. OPEN CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2018-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental studies have shown that natural products are beneficial for the protection against cancer. Maple syrup is a natural sweetener often consumed throughout the world. Maple syrup contains various phenolic compounds such as lignans, coumarin and Ginnalin A (GA). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of GA shown to have cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in several human carcinoma cell lines. The effect of GA on cell viability was determined by a XTT (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) assay as described in the manufacturer’s instruction. Total RNA was isolated from cancer cells using TRIzol Reagent and reverse transcription was performed using Script™ cDNA Synthesis Kit (Bio-Rad) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Expressions of important genes in apoptosis including MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, CDH1 and CDH2, were investigated in dose and control groups by qPCR (quantitative real time- polymerase chain reaction).
When compared with the control group, qPCR results illustrated that a significant increase in gene expression was observed in the expressions of CDH1, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 by 3.52, 5.13 and 2.67 times respectively. Research has shown that Ginnalin A can demonstrate an anti-metastatic effect by regulating the expression of important genes in metastasis on cancer cell lines. Furthermore, in this study the activation of caspase-8 in apoptotic signaling pathways and the pro-apoptotic caspases required for extrinsic apoptotic signal transduction was defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasibe Vural
- Necmettin Erbakan Unversity , Meram Faculty of Medicine , Department of Medical Biology , Konya , Turkey
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40
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Khan RA. Natural products chemistry: The emerging trends and prospective goals. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:739-753. [PMID: 29991919 PMCID: PMC6036106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The role and contributions of natural products chemistry in advancements of the physical and biological sciences, its interdisciplinary domains, and emerging of new avenues by providing novel applications, constructive inputs, thrust, comprehensive understanding, broad perspective, and a new vision for future is outlined. The developmental prospects in bio-medical, health, nutrition, and other interrelated sciences along with some of the emerging trends in the subject area are also discussed as part of the current review of the basic and core developments, innovation in techniques, advances in methodology, and possible applications with their effects on the sciences in general and natural products chemistry in particular. The overview of the progress and ongoing developments in broader areas of the natural products chemistry discipline, its role and concurrent economic and scientific implications, contemporary objectives, future prospects as well as impending goals are also outlined. A look at the natural products chemistry in providing scientific progress in various disciplines is deliberated upon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riaz A. Khan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Manav Rachna International University, National Capital Region, Faridabad, HR 121 004, India
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The Curcumin Analog CH-5 Exerts Anticancer Effects in Human Osteosarcoma Cells via Modulation of Transcription Factors p53/Sp1. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071909. [PMID: 29966255 PMCID: PMC6073932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a potential anticancer drug with poor bioavailability, which limits its clinical use as a therapeutic agent. The aim of this study was a preliminary evaluation of the curcumin analogue CH-5 as a cytotoxic agent in human osteosarcoma cell lines U2OS, MG-63, and Saos-2. CH-5 inhibited cell viability at lower concentrations than curcumin, leading to the induction of apoptosis. The cellular levels of the transcription factors p53 and Sp1 affect the expression of cellular pathways that lead to apoptosis. CH-5 increased p53 protein levels in U2OS cells and reduced Sp1 levels, with a consequent effect on the expression of their target genes DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45 alpha gene (Gadd45a). CH-5 repressed DNMT1 and increased Gadd45a mRNA expression, which was dependent on p53, as this effect was only observed in the colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 with active p53, but not in the isogenic p53-deficient HCT116 cells. CH-5 also reduced the protein levels of DNMT1, which led to the upregulation of Gadd45a. These results suggest that CH-5 has potentially higher anticancer activity than curcumin, which is associated with the expression of apoptosis-associated genes regulated by the transcription factors Sp1 and p53. Future work on CH-5 will define the therapeutic potential of this compound in vivo.
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Lee JH, Lee HJ, Sim DY, Jung JH, Kim KR, Kim SH. Apoptotic effect of lambertianic acid through AMPK/FOXM1 signaling in MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1755-1763. [PMID: 29722086 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Though lambertianic acid (LA) was known to exert antitumor effect in liver and prostate cancers, its underlying anticancer mechanism is never reported in breast cancers so far. Thus, in this study, apoptotic mechanism of LA was elucidated in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Here, LA increased cytotoxicity in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells; enhanced sub-G1 population, G2/M arrest, and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; activated phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/acetyl-CoA carboxylase pathway; and also suppressed phosphorylation of AKT and the expression of forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein, B-cell lymphoma 2, and CyclinB1 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, AMPK inhibitor compound C reversed the effect of LA on FOXM1, Cyclin B1, and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in MDA-MB-231 cells. Notably, immunoprecipitation revealed that LA disturbed the direct binding of AKT and FOXM1 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Overall, these findings suggest that LA-induced apoptosis is mediated via activation of AMPK and inhibition of AKT/FOXM1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hee Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Deok Yong Sim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Ka Ram Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
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Jogi H, Maheshwari R, Raval N, Kuche K, Tambe V, Mak KK, Pichika MR, Tekade RK. Carbon nanotubes in the delivery of anticancer herbal drugs. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:1187-1220. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is estimated to be a significant health problem of the 21st century. The situation gets even tougher when it comes to its treatment using chemotherapy employing synthetic anticancer molecules with numerous side effects. Recently, there has been a paradigm shift toward the adoption of herbal drugs for the treatment of cancer. In this context, a suitable delivery system is principally warranted to deliver these herbal biomolecules specifically at the tumorous site. To achieve this goal, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely explored to deliver anticancer herbal molecules with improved therapeutic efficacy and safety. This review uniquely expounds the biopharmaceutical, clinical and safety aspects of different anticancer herbal drugs delivered through CNTs with a cross-talk on their outcomes. This review will serve as a one-stop-shop for the readers on various anticancer herbal drugs delivered through CNTs as a futuristic delivery device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardi Jogi
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) – Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355 India
| | - Rahul Maheshwari
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) – Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355 India
| | - Nidhi Raval
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) – Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355 India
| | - Kaushik Kuche
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) – Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355 India
| | - Vishakha Tambe
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) – Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355 India
| | - Kit-Kay Mak
- School of Postgraduate Studies & Research, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tekade
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) – Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355 India
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Abstract
Inflammation is recently recognized as one of the hallmarks of human cancer. Chronic inflammatory response plays a critical role in cancer development, progression, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. Conversely, the oncogenic aberrations also generate an inflammatory microenvironment, enabling the development and progression of cancer. The molecular mechanisms of action that are responsible for inflammatory cancer and cancer-associated inflammation are not fully understood due to the complex crosstalk between oncogenic and pro-inflammatory genes. However, molecular mediators that regulate both inflammation and cancer, such as NF-κB and STAT have been considered as promising targets for preventing and treating these diseases. Recent works have further demonstrated an important role of oncogenes (e.g., NFAT1, MDM2) and tumor suppressor genes (e.g., p53) in cancer-related inflammation. Natural products that target these molecular mediators have shown anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities in preclinical and clinical studies. Sesquiterpenoids (STs), a class of novel plant-derived secondary metabolites have attracted great interest in recent years because of their diversity in chemical structures and pharmacological activities. At present, we and other investigators have found that dimeric sesquiterpenoids (DSTs) may exert enhanced activity and binding affinity to molecular targets due to the increased number of alkylating centers and improved conformational flexibility and lipophilicity. Here, we focus our discussion on the activities and mechanisms of action of STs and DSTs in treating inflammation and cancer as well as their structure-activity relationships.
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45
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Salehi B, Zucca P, Sharifi-Rad M, Pezzani R, Rajabi S, Setzer WN, Varoni EM, Iriti M, Kobarfard F, Sharifi-Rad J. Phytotherapeutics in cancer invasion and metastasis. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1425-1449. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Paolo Zucca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari; Cagliari Italy
| | - Mehdi Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Medical Parasitology; Zabol University of Medical Sciences; Zabol 61663-335 Iran
| | - Raffaele Pezzani
- OU Endocrinology, Dept. Medicine (DIMED); University of Padova; via Ospedale 105 Padova 35128 Italy
- AIROB, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Oncologica di Base; Padova Italy
| | - Sadegh Rajabi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alabama in Huntsville; Huntsville AL 35899 USA
| | - Elena Maria Varoni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences; Milan State University; Milan Italy
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences; Milan State University; Milan Italy
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Phytochemistry Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex; The University of Winnipeg; Winnipeg MB Canada
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46
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McCubrey JA, Lertpiriyapong K, Steelman LS, Abrams SL, Yang LV, Murata RM, Rosalen PL, Scalisi A, Neri LM, Cocco L, Ratti S, Martelli AM, Laidler P, Dulińska-Litewka J, Rakus D, Gizak A, Lombardi P, Nicoletti F, Candido S, Libra M, Montalto G, Cervello M. Effects of resveratrol, curcumin, berberine and other nutraceuticals on aging, cancer development, cancer stem cells and microRNAs. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 9:1477-1536. [PMID: 28611316 PMCID: PMC5509453 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural products or nutraceuticals have been shown to elicit anti-aging, anti-cancer and other health-enhancing effects. A key target of the effects of natural products may be the regulation of microRNA (miR) expression which results in cell death or prevents aging, diabetes, cardiovascular and other diseases. This review will focus on a few natural products, especially on resveratrol (RES), curcumin (CUR) and berberine (BBR). RES is obtained from the skins of grapes and other fruits and berries. RES may extend human lifespan by activating the sirtuins and SIRT1 molecules. CUR is isolated from the root of turmeric (Curcuma longa). CUR is currently used in the treatment of many disorders, especially in those involving an inflammatory process. CUR and modified derivatives have been shown to have potent anti-cancer effects, especially on cancer stem cells (CSC). BBR is also isolated from various plants (e.g., Coptis chinensis) and has been used for centuries in traditional medicine to treat diseases such as adult- onset diabetes. Understanding the benefits of these and other nutraceuticals may result in approaches to improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Kvin Lertpiriyapong
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Linda S Steelman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Steve L Abrams
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Li V Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Section, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Ramiro M Murata
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.,Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Pedro L Rosalen
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Aurora Scalisi
- Unit of Oncologic Diseases, ASP-Catania, Catania 95100, Italy
| | - Luca M Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Ratti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Piotr Laidler
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Dariusz Rakus
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology and Neurobiology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gizak
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology and Neurobiology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Oncological, Clinical and General Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Saverio Candido
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Oncological, Clinical and General Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Oncological, Clinical and General Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
| | - Melchiorre Cervello
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
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Wang Z, Wang K, Dang Y, Ouyang X, Zhang F, Wang W, Wang L, Huang Q. Evaluation of the expression and clinical value of lncRNA AC010761.9 in human gastric adenocarcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 2018; 16:40. [PMID: 29499718 PMCID: PMC5833146 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-017-1289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current study determined the expression and clinical value of lncRNA AC010761.9 in human gastric adenocarcinoma (GA). Methods Real-time quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR was used to detect the level of lncRNA expression in 145 GA tissues and three GA cell lines, and the correlation between its level and clinicopathologic characteristics and potential corresponding mRNA of TNF receptor-associated factor 4 gene (TRAF4) was then evaluated. Results Elevated lncRNA AC010761.9 was detected in all 6 GA tissues by previous lncRNA expression profile microarray assay. LncRNA AC010761.9 was over-expressed in 99 of 145 GA tissues (68.3%) with an elevated fold change of up to 35.14 compared to matched paracancerous tissues (p < 0.05), and was also over-expressed in the 3 GA cell lines (MGC803, BGC823, and SGC7901) compared to the normal gastric mucosal epithelial cell line (GES-1 cells; p < 0.05) by qRT-PCR. The elevated expression of this lncRNA was related to tumor size (p = 0.028), degree of differentiation (p = 0.047), and serum carbohydrate antigen (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentrations (p = 0.026 and p = 0.037, respectively). Multivariate analysis further confirmed that the expression of lncRNA AC010761.9 was related to the degree of tumor differentiation (p = 0.015). Additionally, the expression of lncRNA AC010761.9 had a positive correlation with the mRNA expression of the potentially associated gene (TRAF4) in GA tissues (r = 0.385, p < 0.01). Conclusions LncRNA AC010761.9 may be linked to GA progression and is a potential new biomarker for GA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12957-017-1289-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wang
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory of the 92th Hospital of PLA, North Binjiang Road, Nanping City, Fujian, 353000, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, China
| | - Yuan Dang
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, China
| | - Xiaojuan Ouyang
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, China
| | - Wenyuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of General Surgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, China
| | - Lie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China. .,Department of General Surgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, China.
| | - Qiaojia Huang
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China. .,Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, 156 North Xi-er Huan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, China.
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Zhang J, Wang J, Xu J, Lu Y, Jiang J, Wang L, Shen HM, Xia D. Curcumin targets the TFEB-lysosome pathway for induction of autophagy. Oncotarget 2018; 7:75659-75671. [PMID: 27689333 PMCID: PMC5342768 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol derived from the herb Curcumalonga and its wide spectrum of pharmacological activities has been widely studied. It has been reported that Curcumin can induce autophagy through inhibition of the Akt-mTOR pathway. However, the effect of Curcumin on lysosome remains largely elusive. In this study, we first found that Curcumin treatment enhances autophagic flux in both human colon cancer HCT116 cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Moreover, Curcumin treatment promotes lysosomal function, evidenced by the increased lysosomal acidification and enzyme activity. Second, Curcumin is capable of suppressing the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Interestingly, Curcumin fails to inhibit mTOR and to activate lysosomal function in Tsc2−/−MEFs with constitutive activation of mTOR, indicating that Curcumin-mediated lysosomal activation is achieved via suppression of mTOR. Third, Curcumin treatment activates transcription factor EB (TFEB), a key nuclear transcription factor in control of autophagy and lysosome biogenesis and function, based on the following observations: (i) Curcumin directly binds to TFEB, (ii) Curcumin promotes TFEB nuclear translocation; and (iii) Curcumin increases transcriptional activity of TFEB. Finally, inhibition of autophagy and lysosome leads to more cell death in Curcumin-treated HCT116 cells, suggesting that autophagy and lysosomal activation serves as a cell survival mechanism to protect against Curcumin-mediated cell death. Taken together, data from our study provide a novel insight into the regulatory mechanisms of Curcumin on autophagy and lysosome, which may facilitate the development of Curcumin as a potential cancer therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Zhang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian Xu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanqiang Lu
- First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiukun Jiang
- First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dajing Xia
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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49
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Kotowski U, Kadletz L, Schneider S, Foki E, Schmid R, Seemann R, Thurnher D, Heiduschka G. 6-shogaol induces apoptosis and enhances radiosensitivity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Phytother Res 2018; 32:340-347. [PMID: 29168275 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is used for a wide array of conditions in traditional medicine in Asia, but little is known about the effect on head and neck cancer. In this study, the effect of two major pharmacologically active compounds of ginger, 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol, were studied on head and neck cancer cell lines. Furthermore, experiments in combination with established treatment methods for head and neck cancer were performed. Proliferation assays showed a dose-dependent reduction of cell viability. Flow cytometry analysis revealed the induction of apoptosis. Western blot analysis indicated that the antiapoptotic protein survivin was suppressed after treatment. Although a combination of 6-shogaol with cisplatin exhibited no synergistic effect, the combination with irradiation showed a synergistic reduction of clonogenic survival. In conclusion, ginger compounds have many noteworthy effects on head and neck cancer cell lines. In particular, the enhancement of radiosensitivity is remarkable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulana Kotowski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lorenz Kadletz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sven Schneider
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Foki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer Schmid
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel, 18-20 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Seemann
- Department of Cranio-, Maxillofacial- and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Thurnher
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 2, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Gregor Heiduschka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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50
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Li B, Shi C, Li B, Zhao JM, Wang L. The effects of Curcumin on HCT-116 cells proliferation and apoptosis via the miR-491/PEG10 pathway. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:3091-3098. [PMID: 29058812 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Paternally expressed gene-10 (PEG10) could participate in several carcinomas and might be regulated by miR-491. To now, miR-491 was found to play an important role in the sensitivity and mechanism of drug usage in the treatment of colorectal cancer, and drug resistance is a key factor to affect the disease healing. In this study, miR-491, PEG10, Wnt1, and β-catenin expression levels and their correlation with colorectal cancer were assessed in cancer tissues and adjacent parts. And the target relationship between PEG10 and miR-491 was verified. Meanwhile, the impaction of Curcumin on miR-491, PEG10, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were analyzed in HCT-116 cells. The effects of PEG10 and Curcumin on human HCT-116 cells proliferation and apoptosis were investigated by MTT and flow cytometry assay. Results showed that the expression of miR-491 in colon cancer tissues was decreased, but PEG10, Wnt1, and β-catenin were higher than that in adjacent tissues. The PEG10 gene 3' UTR could combine with miR-491 seed sequence and miR-491 overexpression could cause a decrease in PEG10, Wnt1, and β-catenin levels in human HCT-116 cells. Furthermore, PEG10 overexpression increased the expression levels of Wnt1 and β-catenin, thereby promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. In addition, Curcumin could up-regulate miR-491, inhibit PEG10, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Consequently, Curcumin reduced HCT-116 cells proliferation and promoted cells apoptosis via the miR-491/PEG10 pathway. In conclusion, PEG10 was a target gene of miR-491, miR-491/PEG10 strengthen the sensitivity of Curcumin in HCT-116 cells proliferation and apoptosis, which might act as an ideal diagnostic biomarker treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Chong Shi
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Afflicted Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Ming Zhao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Afflicted Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
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