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Majeed M, Ahmad F, Mundkur L, Appian S. Pharmacology of α-spinasterol, a phytosterol with nutraceutical values: A review. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3681-3690. [PMID: 35802356 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
α-Spinasterol is a phytosterol found in various edible and non-edible plant sources. The edible plant materials containing α-spinasterol include spinach leaves, cucumber fruits, seeds of pumpkin and watermelon, argan seed oil, cactus pear seed oil and Amaranthus sp. It is a bioavailable nutraceutical, and it can cross the blood-brain barrier. It possesses several important pharmacological properties such as anti-diabetes mellitus, antiinflammation, hypolipidemic, antiulcer, neuroprotection, anti-pain and antitumour activities. For this review, literature search was made focusing on the pharmacological properties of α-spinasterol using PubMed and Google Scholar data bases. Recent studies show the promising antidiabetic properties of α-spinasterol. Its anti-diabetic mechanisms include enhancement of insulin secretion, reduction in insulin resistance, anti-diabetic nephropathy, increase in glucose uptake in muscle cells and inhibition of glucose absorption from intestine. Besides, it is a safe antiinflammatory agent, and its antiinflammatory mechanisms include inhibition of cyclooxygenases, antagonism of TRPV1 receptor and attenuation of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators. It is a promising and safe nutraceutical molecule for human health care. Food supplements, value-added products and nutraceutical formulations can be developed with α-spinasterol for the management of diabetes, chronic inflammatory diseases and improving general health. This review provides all scattered pharmacological studies on α-spinasterol in one place and highlights its immense value for human health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Majeed
- Research and development, Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Furkan Ahmad
- Phytochemistry, Research and Development, Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Lakshmi Mundkur
- Biological Research, Research and Development, Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Subramoniam Appian
- Phytochemistry, Research and Development, Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Adel Mehraban MS, Tabatabaei-Malazy O, Rahimi R, Daniali M, Khashayar P, Larijani B. Targeting dyslipidemia by herbal medicines: A systematic review of meta-analyses. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114407. [PMID: 34252530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The worldwide increasing prevalence of dyslipidemia has become a global health concern. Various herbal remedies have been claimed to be effective for the treatment of dyslipidemia in traditional and folkloric medicine of different regions clinical trials have been conducted to investigate their efficacy. The aim of the current systematic review is to critically assess the meta-analyses of controlled trials (CT) evaluated herb medicines for dyslipidemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant studies from Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist until January 2021 have been searched. All meta-analyses which pooled studies on the effect of herbal medicines on lipid profile including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low- or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, HDL-C) were also included. Meta-analyses of in vitro, animal or observational studies were excluded. RESULTS The overall of 141 meta-analyses were revealed. Vegetable oils, phytosterols, tea, soy protein, nuts, and curcumin have been studied frequently among the herbal medicines. Among 13 meta-analyses on vegetable oils, the greater reduce of TC (18.95 mg/dl), LDL-C (16.24 mg/dl) and TG (13.69 mg/dl) were exhibited from sunflower oil. Furthermore, rice bran oil (6.65 mg/dl) increased HDL-C significantly. Phytosterols in 12 meta-analyses demonstrated significant improvements in reducing TC, LDL-C and TG as 16.4, 23.7, and 8.85 mg/dl, respectively, and rise in HDL-C as 10.6 mg/dl. The highest reduction in serum level of TC, LDL-C and TG was reported while intake Green tea; 27.57, 24.75, and 31.87 mg/dl, accordingly within 9 meta-analyses. Average improvement of lipid profiles by 6 meta-analyses on plant proteins were 23.2, 21.7, 15.06, and 1.55 mg/dl for TC, LDL-C, TG, and HDL-C, respectively. Among 11 meta-analyses on nuts, almond showed better and significant alleviations in TC (10.69 mg/dl), walnut in LDL-C (9.23 mg/dl), pistachio in TG (22.14 mg/dl), and peanut in HDL-C (2.72 mg/dl). Overall, Curcumin, Curcuminoid, and Turmeric have resulted in the reduction of TC (25.13 mg/dl), LDL-C (39.83 mg/dl), TG (33.65 mg/dl), and an increase in the HDL-C (4.31 mg/dl). CONCLUSION The current systematic review shed light on the use of herbal medicines for the management of dyslipidemia. However, more well-conducted CTs are required to determine effective doses of herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadegh Adel Mehraban
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ozra Tabatabaei-Malazy
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Daniali
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Patricia Khashayar
- Center for Microsystem Technology, Imec and Ghent University, Gent-Zwijnaarde, 9052, Belgium; Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinpology & Metabolism Clinical Science Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hoang T, Kim J. Phytonutrient supplements and metabolic biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of clinical trials. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4171-4182. [PMID: 33724587 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Phytonutrients exert several pharmacological effects on humans. In this study, we performed an umbrella review of the association of phytonutrient supplements (PNSs) with biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. Relevant published systematic reviews and meta-analyses of clinical trials were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library until July 4, 2020. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for summarized effects and I2 statistics of heterogeneity were extracted from individual studies or reanalyzed using a random-effects model. Of the 50 included studies, pooled effects of PNSs on blood pressure, lipid profiles, and glycemic control were reported in 16, 25, and 14 articles, respectively. The findings appeared to be highly heterogeneous among individual trials of included systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Ginger (WMD = -6.36 mmHg, 95% CI = -11.27, -1.46) and Hibiscus sabdariffa (WMD = -7.58 mmHg, 95% CI = -9.69, -5.46) were associated with lowered systolic blood pressure, whereas Aloe vera, Nigella sativa, and spirulina were associated with beneficial effects on both lipid profiles and glycemic control. In summary, this umbrella review has provided up-to-date evidence for the effect of PNSs on biomarkers related to hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The results must be interpreted with caution due to potential heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung Hoang
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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Nanoporous carbons prepared from argan nutshells as potential removal agents of diclofenac and paroxetine. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Krajnc B, Bontempo L, Luis Araus J, Giovanetti M, Alegria C, Lauteri M, Augusti A, Atti N, Smeti S, Taous F, Amenzou NE, Podgornik M, Camin F, Reis P, Máguas C, Bučar Miklavčič M, Ogrinc N. Selective Methods to Investigate Authenticity and Geographical Origin of Mediterranean Food Products. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1717521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bor Krajnc
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Luana Bontempo
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Italy
| | - Jose Luis Araus
- Section of Plant Physiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, AGROTECNIO, Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuela Giovanetti
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla Alegria
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marco Lauteri
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri, Porano, Italy
| | - Angela Augusti
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri, Porano, Italy
| | - Naziha Atti
- Laboratoire de Production Animale et Fourragère, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique de Tunisie, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Samir Smeti
- Laboratoire de Production Animale et Fourragère, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique de Tunisie, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fouad Taous
- Centre National de L’énergie, Des Sciences Et Techniques Nucleaires, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nour Eddine Amenzou
- Centre National de L’énergie, Des Sciences Et Techniques Nucleaires, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Maja Podgornik
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Oliveculture, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Federica Camin
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Italy
| | - Pedro Reis
- Sistemas agrários e florestais e sanidade vegetal, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária E Veterinária, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cristina Máguas
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Nives Ogrinc
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Microwave assisted high performance liquid chromatography for the separation of triacylglycerols in vegetable oils using an evaporative light scattering detector. Food Chem 2019; 300:125203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Menni HB, Belarbi M, Menni DB, Bendiab H, Kherraf Y, Ksouri R, Djebli N, Visioli F. Anti-inflammatory activity of argan oil and its minor components. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 71:307-314. [PMID: 31394953 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1650005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Argan oil is thought to be the most expensive edible oil worldwide. It is difficult to produce and the argan tree only grows in a limited geographical area, notably Morocco and Algeria. Because it is produced by mechanical means, argan oil contains "minor" components that might be endowed with healthful effects. We investigated in vivo the anti-inflammatory activities of argan oil and its unsaponifiable fraction, using diclofenac as the control, in a carrageenan-induced rat model of inflammation. Rats were given different amounts of argan oil or its unsaponifiable fraction, by gavage. We report that argan oil and its "minor" components effectively lessen the inflammatory actions of carrageenan. Far from being "pharmacological" the actions of argan oil are comparable with those of diclofenac in the short, i.e. 4 h term. Sustained consumption of argan oil might, therefore, contribute to lessen the burden of degenerative diseases associated with higher inflammatory status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Ben Menni
- Laboratoire de Produits Naturels (LAPRONA), Département de Biologie, Université de Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Meriem Belarbi
- Laboratoire de Produits Naturels (LAPRONA), Département de Biologie, Université de Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Dounia Ben Menni
- Laboratoire de Produits Naturels (LAPRONA), Département de Biologie, Université de Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Hadjer Bendiab
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytothérapie, Université de Mostaganeme, Mostaganem, Algeria
| | - Yamina Kherraf
- Laboratoire d'Histologie Embryologie et Génétique Clinique, CHU de Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Riadh Ksouri
- Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cédria, Laboratoire des Plantes et Médicinales (LPAM), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Noureddine Djebli
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytothérapie, Université de Mostaganeme, Mostaganem, Algeria
| | - Francesco Visioli
- IMDEA-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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