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Shrivastav D, Kumbhakar SK, Srivastava S, Singh DD. Natural product-based treatment potential for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1603-1614. [PMID: 39099809 PMCID: PMC11292323 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i7.1603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disease of impaired glucose utilization and a major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The pathogenesis of both diseases shares common risk factors and mechanisms, and both are significant contributors to global morbidity and mortality. Supplements of natural products for T2D mellitus (T2DM) and CVD can be seen as a potential preventive and effective therapeutic strategy. AIM To critically evaluate the therapeutic potential of natural products in T2D and coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS By using specific keywords, we strategically searched the PubMed database. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched as the primary focus that examined the effect of natural products on glycemic control, oxidative stress, and antioxidant levels. We focused on outcomes such as low blood glucose levels, adjustment on markers of oxidative stress and antioxidants. After screening full-length papers, we included 9 RCTs in our review that met our inclusion criteria. RESULTS In the literature search on the database, we found that various natural products like plant secondary metabolites play a diverse role in the management of CAD. American ginseng, sesame oil and cocoa flavanols proved effective in lowering blood glucose levels and controlling blood pressure, which are key factors in managing T2DM and CVD. In diabetic patients Melissa officinalis effectively reduce inflammation and shows diabetes prevention. Both fish oil and flaxseed oil reduced insulin levels and inflammatory markers, suggesting benefits for both conditions. The lipid profile and endothelial function were enhanced by Nigella sativa oil and Terminalia chebula, which is significant for the management of cardiovascular risk factors in T2DM. Additionally Bilberry extract also showed promise for improving glycemic control in patients with T2DM. CONCLUSION The high level of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic properties found in natural products makes them promising therapeutic options for the management of CAD, with the potential benefit of lowering the risk of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmsheel Shrivastav
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, Rajasthan, India
| | - Satyam Kumar Kumbhakar
- Department of Biotechnology, Govt Veer Surendra Say P.G. College, Gariaband 493889, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Shivangi Srivastava
- Department of Life Science, Chhatrapati Shahu ji Maharaj University, Kanpur 208024, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Desh Deepak Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, Rajasthan, India
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Alqarni S, Alsebai M, Alsaigh BA, Alrashedy AS, Albahrani IT, Aljohar AY, Alazmi AO. Do polyphenols affect body fat and/or glucose metabolism? Front Nutr 2024; 11:1376508. [PMID: 38919387 PMCID: PMC11198119 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1376508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is reaching epidemic proportions with 51% of the population expected to be obese by 2030. Recently, polyphenols have been highlighted as an effective approach to managing obesity and associated risks. Polyphenols are a large class of bioactive plant compounds classified into two major categories: flavonoids which are distinguished by the fundamental C6-C3-C6 skeleton and non-flavonoids. Objective This systematic review evaluated the effect of different polyphenol sources in overweight and obese people with and without type 2 diabetes. The primary outcome was lipid profile and the secondary outcomes were blood glucose, HbA1c (%), HOMA-IR, weight, and body mass index. Method A search was undertaken in PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, and Wiley for randomized control trials that assessed different sources of polyphenols in overweight and obese people with or without type 2 diabetes. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Quality Assessment Tool. Result The search yielded 935 studies, of which six randomized control trials met the inclusion criteria. Five studies found no significant difference in lipid profile between the control and intervention groups in triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol. However, one study showed significant differences in triglycerides (p = 0.04) and HDL cholesterol (p = 0.05) between the two groups with no significant difference in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. There were no significant changes in blood glucose observed in the included studies, with only two studies reporting a significant difference in A1c between the groups. Four studies found no difference in HOMA-IR, while one study showed a significant decrease in HOMA-IR in the intervention group compared to the control group. Three studies reported no difference in BMI or weight between the two groups. Conclusion The data associated with the specific health benefits of polyphenols and their sources in people with overweight, obese, and type 2 diabetes are still limited, so further research is required to support their use and prove their benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Alqarni
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael Alsebai
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Batool Adal Alsaigh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Sayer Alrashedy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Israa Talal Albahrani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Albandri Yousef Aljohar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Obaid Alazmi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Lobach AR, Schmidt F, Fedrizzi D, Müller S. Toxicological safety evaluation of an aqueous lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) extract. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 187:114565. [PMID: 38461950 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) has a long history of safe use as an aromatic herb, flavoring, tea, food supplement, and traditional medicine. An aqueous extract of the leaves of M. officinalis is intended for use as a food ingredient, however the existing safety database does not contain any high quality toxicological studies to support safe consumer exposure. Therefore, a standard tier 1 genotoxicity battery (bacterial reverse mutation and in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus tests) and a 90-day repeated dose oral toxicity study in rats were conducted in accordance with GLP and OECD guidelines. The genotoxicity studies confirmed that aqueous lemon balm extract is not genotoxic at up to the highest concentrations tested (5000 μg/plate or 5000 μg/mL). A non-GLP 14-day dose range finding study was conducted prior to the 90-day study to confirm dietary administration of aqueous lemon balm extract at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.6, or 5.0%. The 90-day study was conducted using the established dietary concentrations and no test substance-related adverse effects on clinical, hematological, biochemical, macroscopic, or histopathologic parameters were reported. Thus, the no-observed-adverse-effect-level was determined to be at least 3046.1 and 3720.9 mg/kg body weight/day (the highest doses tested) for male and female rats, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R Lobach
- Givaudan Canada Co., 2855 Argentia Road, Unit #1, Mississauga, ON, L5N 8G6, Canada.
| | - Florian Schmidt
- Givaudan International SA, Kemptpark 50, 8310, Kemptthal, Switzerland
| | - Davide Fedrizzi
- Givaudan International SA, Kemptpark 50, 8310, Kemptthal, Switzerland
| | - Severin Müller
- Givaudan International SA, Kemptpark 50, 8310, Kemptthal, Switzerland
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Petrișor G, Motelica L, Trușcǎ RD, Mȋrț AL, Vasilievici G, Tomescu JA, Manea C, Dumbravǎ AȘ, Corbu VM, Gheorghe-Barbu I, Ficai D, Oprea OC, Vasile BȘ, Ficai A, Raiciu AD. The Antimicrobial Potency of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Loaded with Melissa officinalis Extract. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:525. [PMID: 38675186 PMCID: PMC11054826 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Melissa officinalis is an important medicinal plant that is used and studied intensively due to its numerous pharmacological effects. This plant has numerous active compounds with biomedical potential; some are volatile, while others are sensitive to heat or oxygen. Therefore, to increase stability and prolong biological activities, the natural extract can be loaded into various nanostructured systems. In this study, different loading systems were obtained from mesoporous silica, like Mobile Composition of Matter family (MCM) with a hexagonal (MCM-41) or cubic (MCM-48) pore structure, simple or functionalized with amino groups (using 3-aminopropyl) such as triethoxysilane (APTES). Thus, the four materials were characterized from morphological and structural points of view by scanning electron microscopy, a BET analysis with adsorption-desorption isotherms, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and a thermogravimetric analysis coupled with differential scanning calorimetry. Natural extract from Melissa officinalis was concentrated and analyzed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography to identify the polyphenolic compounds. The obtained materials were tested against Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts and against both reference strains and clinical strains belonging to Gram-positive bacteria that were previously isolated from intra-hospital infections. The highest antimicrobial efficiency was found against Gram-positive and fungal strains. Good activity was also recorded against methicillin-resistant S. aureus, the Melissa officinalis extract inhibiting the production of various virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Petrișor
- Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (G.P.); (L.M.); (R.D.T.); (A.-L.M.); (B.-Ș.V.); (A.F.)
- National Center for Scientific Research for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ludmila Motelica
- Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (G.P.); (L.M.); (R.D.T.); (A.-L.M.); (B.-Ș.V.); (A.F.)
- National Center for Scientific Research for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Doina Trușcǎ
- Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (G.P.); (L.M.); (R.D.T.); (A.-L.M.); (B.-Ș.V.); (A.F.)
- National Center for Scientific Research for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea-Luiza Mȋrț
- Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (G.P.); (L.M.); (R.D.T.); (A.-L.M.); (B.-Ș.V.); (A.F.)
- National Center for Scientific Research for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry–ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Gabriel Vasilievici
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry–ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Justinian-Andrei Tomescu
- S.C. Hofigal Export-Import S.A., Intrarea Serelor 2, 042124 Bucharest, Romania; (J.-A.T.); (C.M.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Cristina Manea
- S.C. Hofigal Export-Import S.A., Intrarea Serelor 2, 042124 Bucharest, Romania; (J.-A.T.); (C.M.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Andreea Ștefania Dumbravǎ
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 1-3 Aleea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, Romania; (A.Ș.D.); (V.M.C.); (I.G.-B.)
| | - Viorica Maria Corbu
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 1-3 Aleea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, Romania; (A.Ș.D.); (V.M.C.); (I.G.-B.)
| | - Irina Gheorghe-Barbu
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 1-3 Aleea Portocalelor, 060101 Bucharest, Romania; (A.Ș.D.); (V.M.C.); (I.G.-B.)
| | - Denisa Ficai
- National Center for Scientific Research for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu-Cristian Oprea
- National Center for Scientific Research for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Ștefan Vasile
- Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (G.P.); (L.M.); (R.D.T.); (A.-L.M.); (B.-Ș.V.); (A.F.)
- National Center for Scientific Research for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anton Ficai
- Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (G.P.); (L.M.); (R.D.T.); (A.-L.M.); (B.-Ș.V.); (A.F.)
- National Center for Scientific Research for Food Safety, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Daniela Raiciu
- S.C. Hofigal Export-Import S.A., Intrarea Serelor 2, 042124 Bucharest, Romania; (J.-A.T.); (C.M.); (A.D.R.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy Phytochem Phytoterapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Titu Maiorescu University, Gh. Sincai 16, 040405 Bucharest, Romania
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Shahsavari K, Shams Ardekani MR, Khanavi M, Jamialahmadi T, Iranshahi M, Hasanpour M. Effects of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) consumption on serum lipid profile: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:146. [PMID: 38575930 PMCID: PMC10996117 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04442-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to traditional medicine, Melissa officinalis L., (lemon balm) has been known to remove harmful substances from the blood and is considered a cardiac tonic. Therefore, its use as a cardiovascular remedy may explain the lipid-lowering effects of lemon balm. Dyslipidemia can be considered as a significant preventable risk factor for atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. The present study is the first meta-analysis to investigate the effects of M. officinalis administration on serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). METHODS From inception to October 2023, a thorough search through literature was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria of this study were randomized controlled trials, with or without blinding which provided adequate data for each group at the beginning and end of the follow-up period. Meta-analysis was performed on randomized controlled trials using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) V4 software. Risk of bias in the selected studies was examined according to the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. Begg's funnel plot symmetry status, Begg's rank correlation, and Egger's weighted regression tests were employed to evaluate potential publication bias. RESULTS The meta-analysis comprised of 5 randomized controlled trials with a total of 302 patients. The findings of the meta-analysis indicated that the consumption of lemon balm had a significant decrease in TG (SMD (95% CI): -0.396(-0.620, -0.173), p-value = 0.001), TC (SMD (95% CI): -0.416 (-0.641, -0.192), p-value < 0.001) and LDL (SMD (95% CI): -0.23(-0.45, -0.008), p < 0.05) levels compared to the placebo group. While it had no statistically significant effect on HDL level (SMD (95% CI): 0.336(-0.091, 0.767), p-value = 0.123). No significant and detectable publication bias was found in the meta-analysis. Additionally, all included clinical studies demonstrated a low risk of bias for missing outcome data and selection of the reported results. The robustness of the results was demonstrated by a sensitivity analysis using the one-study remove method. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this meta-analysis provide evidence that lemon balm may be administered as a safe and beneficial herbal medicine for reducing TC, TG and LDL levels. According to the pooled results of 5 studies with a total of 302 patients, lemon balm intake had no significant effect on HDL level. This study reinforces the notion that lemon balm may have a substantial impact on serum lipid profile as a potential remedy in cases of dyslipidemia. The main concern of our research is the limited number of eligible studies and the relatively small population size of each individual study. The patients of these studies had different types of diseases and metabolic syndromes. However, the meta-analysis was sufficiently powered to detect the considerable effects of lemon balm in the combined population regardless of type of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Shahsavari
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Shams Ardekani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Khanavi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maede Hasanpour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Lahlou RA, Carvalho F, Pereira MJ, Lopes J, Silva LR. Overview of Ethnobotanical-Pharmacological Studies Carried Out on Medicinal Plants from the Serra da Estrela Natural Park: Focus on Their Antidiabetic Potential. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:454. [PMID: 38675115 PMCID: PMC11054966 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Serra da Estrela Natural Park (NPSE) in Portugal stands out as a well-preserved region abundant in medicinal plants, particularly known for their pharmaceutical applications in diabetes prevention and treatment. This comprehensive review explores these plants' botanical diversity, traditional uses, pharmacological applications, and chemical composition. The NPSE boast a rich diversity with 138 medicinal plants across 55 families identified as traditionally and pharmacologically used against diabetes globally. Notably, the Asteraceae and Lamiaceae families are prevalent in antidiabetic applications. In vitro studies have revealed their significant inhibition of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, and certain plant co-products regulate genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and insulin secretion. In vivo trials have demonstrated antidiabetic effects, including glycaemia regulation, insulin secretion, antioxidant activity, and lipid profile modulation. Medicinal plants in NPSE exhibit various activities beyond antidiabetic, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-cancer, and more. Chemical analyses have identified over fifty compounds like phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and polysaccharides responsible for their efficacy against diabetes. These findings underscore the potential of NPSE medicinal plants as antidiabetic candidates, urging further research to develop effective plant-based antidiabetic drugs, beverages, and supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhia Aitfella Lahlou
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (R.A.L.); (F.C.)
| | - Filomena Carvalho
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (R.A.L.); (F.C.)
| | - Maria João Pereira
- CERENA/DER, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - João Lopes
- iMed.ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, University of Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Luís R. Silva
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (R.A.L.); (F.C.)
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- CERES, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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Qureshi KA, Parvez A, Uzzaman Khan MM, Aspatwar A, Atiya A, Elhassan GO, Khan RA, Erattil Ahammed SY, Khan WU, Jaremko M. Exploring nature's hidden treasure: Unraveling the untapped phytochemical and pharmacological potentials of Clinopodium vulgare L. - A hidden gem in the Lamiaceae family. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24781. [PMID: 38312627 PMCID: PMC10834805 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Folk medicine, rooted in historical practice, has long been used for medicinal purposes, emphasizing the need to ensure the safety, quality, and efficacy of herbal medicines. This imperative has grown over time, prompting collaborative efforts to document historical records and preserve invaluable knowledge of medicinal plants. The Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family, renowned for its rich assortment of medicinal plants characterized by high concentrations of volatile oils, stands out in this regard. This review focuses on Clinopodium vulgare (C. vulgare) L., commonly known as wild basil or basil thyme, a significant species within the Lamiaceae family found across diverse global regions. C. vulgare boasts a storied history of application in treating various ailments, such as gastric ulcers, diabetes, and inflammation, dating back to ancient times. Rigorous research has substantiated its pharmacological properties, revealing its antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antihypertensive, and enzyme-inhibitory effects. This comprehensive review provides an insightful overview of the Lamiaceae family, elucidates the extraction methods employed to obtain medicinal compounds, explores the phytoconstituents present in C. vulgare, and systematically details its diverse pharmacological properties. Additionally, the review delves into considerations of toxicity. By synthesizing this wealth of information, this study opens avenues for the potential therapeutic applications of C. vulgare. The practical value of this research lies in its contribution to the understanding of medicinal plants, mainly focusing on the pharmacological potential of C. vulgare. This exploration enriches our knowledge of traditional medicine and paves the way for innovative therapeutic approaches, offering promising prospects for future drug development. As the demand for natural remedies continues to increase, this work provides a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders in herbal medicine and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Ahmad Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Kauppi Campus, Tampere, 33520, Finland
| | - Adil Parvez
- NextGen Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 110092, India
| | - Mohd Masih Uzzaman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashok Aspatwar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Kauppi Campus, Tampere, 33520, Finland
| | - Akhtar Atiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal Osman Elhassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyaz Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakkeela Yusuf Erattil Ahammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasi Uzzaman Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
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Tavakolizadeh M, Peyrovi S, Ghasemi-Moghaddam H, Bahadori A, Mohkami Z, Sotoudeh M, Ziaee M. Clinical efficacy and safety of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:1685-1695. [PMID: 37507536 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The recent trend toward the use of natural functional and medical supplements has motivated the focus on the search and revival of traditional medicinal plant applications for many years. As a valuable dietary crop, okra fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) has been used for thousands of years as a medicinal food. This clinical trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the okra pod capsule as an adjuvant treatment in controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus and provide clinical trial-based evidence about its anti-inflammatory effects. METHODS A total of 100 type II diabetic patients, aged between 40 and 60 years, were randomly assigned into two groups of okra and placebo. The first group was administered 1000 mg of powdered okra fruit three times a day for 3 months, while the other group received a placebo capsule with the same dosage. Both groups continued the standard antidiabetic therapy (consisting of metformin and gliclazide, as well as a nutritional regimen). At the start and three months later, various factors were measured, including FBG, insulin, HbA1c, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, CRP, liver and renal function tests, blood pressure, and BMI changes. RESULTS According to the results, patients who received okra treatment exhibited a significant decrease in FBG, HbA1c, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels when compared to both the baseline and the placebo group. Patients in the okra group have lower levels of hs-CRP compared with the placebo group after 3 months of treatment. No liver, kidney, and blood pressure or other side effects were observed in the groups associated with okra treatment. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that adjunctive consumption of okra, in type 2 diabetic patients with 1000 mg three times a day for three months, improves lipid profile, glycemic control, and chronic inflammation without any tangible adverse effects. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY IRCT.Ir (IRCT20120112008712N2). https://www.irct.ir/trial/42042 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Tavakolizadeh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Saeid Peyrovi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | | | - Ali Bahadori
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran
| | - Zeynab Mohkami
- Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Agriculture Institute, Research Institute of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mahtab Sotoudeh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Ziaee
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
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Stoyanova N, Nachev N, Spasova M. Innovative Bioactive Nanofibrous Materials Combining Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Extracts and Electrospinning Method. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:840. [PMID: 37888012 PMCID: PMC10608671 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13100840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Since antiquity, humans have known about plants as a medicinal cure. Recently, plant extracts are attracting more attention as a result of their natural origin and wide range of desirable features. Nanotechnology's progress and innovations enable the production of novel materials with enhanced properties for a broad range of applications. Electrospinning is a cutting-edge, flexible and economical technique that allows the creation of continuous nano- and microfibrous membranes with tunable structure, characteristics and functionalities. Electrospun fibrous materials are used in drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound healing, cosmetics, food packaging, agriculture and other fields due to their useful properties such as a large surface area to volume ratio and high porosity with small pore size. By encapsulating plant extracts in a suitable polymer matrix, electrospinning can increase the medicinal potential of these extracts, thus improving their bioavailability and maintaining the required concentration of bioactive compounds at the target site. Moreover, the created hybrid fibrous materials could possess antimicrobial, antifungal, antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that make the obtained structures attractive for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. This review summarizes the known approaches that have been applied to fabricate fibrous materials loaded with diverse plant extracts by electrospinning. Some potential applications of the extract-containing micro- and nanofibers such as wound dressings, drug delivery systems, scaffolds for tissue engineering and active food packaging systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariya Spasova
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymers (LBAP), Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St., bl. 103A, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (N.S.); (N.N.)
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10
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Bano A, Hepsomali P, Rabbani F, Farooq U, Kanwal A, Saleem A, Bugti AA, Khan AA, Khalid Z, Bugti M, Mureed S, Khan S, Ujjan ID, Şahin S, Kara M, Khan A. The possible "calming effect" of subchronic supplementation of a standardised phospholipid carrier-based Melissa officinalis L. extract in healthy adults with emotional distress and poor sleep conditions: results from a prospective, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1250560. [PMID: 37927585 PMCID: PMC10620697 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1250560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Emotional distress conditions such as depression, anxiety, stress, and poor sleep are widespread health problems that have a significant impact on people's lives. Conventional drugs are commonly prescribed to treat emotional distress and poor sleep conditions; however, these medications have several limitations and have shown multiple side effects. Over recent years botanicals-based pharmacological agents have gained increasing research and clinical interest in the management of emotional distress and sleep disorder. Of note, Melissa officinalis L. (MO) leaf extract has demonstrated considerable neuropharmacological properties both in animal and human studies and has emerged as a promising natural "calming agent." However, research in this area is limited, and more studies are needed to validate its efficacy in amelioration of emotional distress and poor sleep conditions. Objectives: We aimed to assess the pharmacological effects of subchronic supplementation of an innovative standardised phospholipid carrier-based MO aqueous extract on emotional distress and poor sleep conditions. Design: A 3-week prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, double-blinded clinical trial was conducted in 100 healthy adults complaining of a moderate degree of depression, anxiety, or stress, with scores of ≥14, ≥10, and ≥19, respectively, in the self-report Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-42) or poor sleep, as indicated by the score of >5 in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale. In addition, the impact of emotional distress and/or poor sleep on participants' mental wellbeing, emotional feelings, and quality of life was also assessed using the self-reported Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) scale, and quality of life (WHO-QoL-BREF) scale, respectively. Results: Oral supplementation of 200 mg of phospholipid-based MO aqueous extract (Relissa™) tablets twice a day (i.e., 400 mg/day) for 3 weeks led to significant improvements in the depressive mood, anxiety, stress, positive and negative affect (emotional feelings), overall mental wellbeing, and quality-of-life scores (all p values <0.001). Supplementation of MO extract was well tolerated, and no treatment-emergent effects or serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the phospholipid carrier-based MO aqueous extract possesses considerable neuropharmacological properties, and its supplementation may provide a promising therapeutic option for the management of moderate emotional distress and/or poor sleep conditions. Clinical Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT05602688.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aasiya Bano
- PEOC, Department of Health, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Piril Hepsomali
- School of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fazle Rabbani
- Department of Psychiatry, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Umer Farooq
- Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Kanwal
- Department of Psychiatry, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Saleem
- Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Akbar Bugti
- Department of General Surgery, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital (BMCH), Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Alam Khan
- Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Zainab Khalid
- Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahroo Bugti
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, BMCH, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Shah Mureed
- Department of Paediatrics, BMCH, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Khan
- Department of Pathology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Din Ujjan
- Department of Pathology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences (LUMHS), Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Sümeyye Şahin
- Department of Food Engineering, Ordu University, Ordu, Türkiye
| | - Mehtap Kara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Amjad Khan
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry, LUMHS, Jamshoro, Pakistan
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Ullah I, Hassan M, Khan KM, Sajid M, Umar M, Hassan S, Ullah A, El-Serehy HA, Charifi W, Yasmin H. Thiourea derivatives inhibit key diabetes-associated enzymes and advanced glycation end-product formation as a treatment for diabetes mellitus. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:161-180. [PMID: 36565478 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to screen novel thiourea derivatives against different enzymes, such as α-amylase, α-glucosidase, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 B, and advanced glycated end product (AGEs). A cytotoxicity analysis was performed using rat L6 myotubes and molecular docking analysis was performed to map the binding interactions between the active compounds and α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The data revealed the potency of five compounds, including E (1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethyl phenyl) thiourea), AG (1-(2-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl)-3-(3-methoxy phenyl) thiourea), AF (1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-(4-ethylphenyl) thiourea), AD (1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-(4-ethylphenyl) thiourea), and AH (1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(2-iodophenyl) thiourea), showed activity against α-amylase. The corresponding percentage inhibitions were found to be 85 ± 1.9, 82 ± 0.7, 75 ± 1.2, 72 ± 0.4, and 65 ± 1.1%, respectively. These compounds were then screened using in vitro assays. Among them, AH showed the highest activity against α-glucosidase, AGEs, and PTP1B, with percentage inhibitions of 86 ± 0.4% (IC50 = 47.9 μM), 85 ± 0.7% (IC50 = 49.51 μM), and 85 ± 0.5% (IC50 = 79.74 μM), respectively. Compound AH showed an increased glucose uptake at a concentration of 100 μM. Finally, an in vivo study was conducted using a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model and PTP1B expression was assessed using real-time PCR. Additionally, we examined the hypoglycemic effect of compound AH in diabetic rats compared to the standard drug glibenclamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtiar Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Khalid M Khan
- H.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Said Hassan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Amin Ullah
- Department of Health and Biological Sciecnes, Abasyn University Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hamed A El-Serehy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa Charifi
- Cochin Institute, University of Paris, INSERM, U1016, Paris, France
| | - Humaira Yasmin
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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12
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An Overview of Cardiotonic Medicinal Plants from the Perspective of Iranian Traditional Medicine. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2023. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp-129338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Context: Cardiovascular disorders are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, especially in people with diabetes. Due to synthetic drugs’ adverse effects, new medicines are needed. Evidence Acquisition: Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) is one of the oldest medical systems. In this article, we first introduce a list of cardiotonic medicinal plants based on ITM. Then we review the cardio-related effects of these plants based on electronic databases. Results: Among the introduced medicinal plants from ITM, Phyllanthus emblica L., Rosa canina L., Ocimum basilicum L., and Melissa officinalis L. have cardiotonic effects. Also, P. emblica, O. basilicum, M. officinalis, Citrus medica L., Malus domestica Borkh., Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton, and R. canina have cardioprotective effects and possess several biological activities that reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors. Conclusions: The cardiotonic medicinal plants based on ITM have excellent value; several pharmacological studies have proved some of their cardioprotective and cardiotonic effects. The other plants’ potential for improving the heart’s contractile power as a cardiotonic drug must be evaluated in further pharmacological and clinical studies.
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The Potential of Lamiaceae Herbs for Mitigation of Overweight, Obesity, and Fatty Liver: Studies and Perspectives. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27155043. [PMID: 35956991 PMCID: PMC9370348 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Numerous plants, plant extracts, and plant-derived compounds are being explored for their beneficial effects against overweight and liver diseases. Obesity is associated with the increased prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), becoming the most common liver disease in Western countries. Obesity and NAFLD are closely associated with many other metabolic alternations such as insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. Many herbs of the Lamiaceae family are widely employed as food and spices in the Mediterranean area, but also in folk medicine, and their use for the management of metabolic disorders is well documented. Hereby, we summarized the scientific results of the medicinal and nutraceutical potential of plants from the Lamiaceae family for prevention and mitigation of overweight and fatty liver. The evidence indicates that Lamiaceae plants may be a cost-effective source of nutraceuticals and/or phytochemicals to be used in the management of metabolic-related conditions such as obesity and NAFLD. PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and SciFinder were accessed to collect data on traditional medicinal plants, compounds derived from plants, their reported anti-obesity mechanisms, and therapeutic targets.
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14
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Quantitative Proteome Analysis Reveals Melissa officinalis Extract Targets Mitochondrial Respiration in Colon Cancer Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27144533. [PMID: 35889404 PMCID: PMC9316399 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Melissa officinalis (MO), known as lemon balm, is a popular ingredient blended in herbal tea. In recent decades, the bioactivities of MO have been studied in sub-health and pathological status, highlighting MO possesses multiple pharmacological effects. We previously showed that hot water MO extract exhibited anticancer activity in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the detailed mechanisms underlying MO-induced cell death remain elusive. To elucidate the anticancer regulation of MO extract in colon cancer, a data-driven analysis by proteomics approaches and bioinformatics analysis was applied. An isobaric tandem mass tags-based quantitative proteome analysis using liquid chromatography–coupled tandem mass spectrometry was performed to acquire proteome-wide expression data. The over-representation analysis and functional class scoring method were implemented to interpret the MO-induced biological regulations. In total, 3465 quantifiable proteoforms were identified from 24,348 peptides, with 67 upregulated and 54 downregulated proteins in the MO-treated group. Mechanistically, MO impeded mitochondrial respiratory electron transport by triggering a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress response. MO hindered the mitochondrial membrane potential by reducing the protein expression in the electron transport chain, specifically the complex I and II, which could be restored by ROS scavenger. The findings comprehensively elucidate how MO hot water extract activates antitumor effects in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.
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Lemon Balm and Corn Silk Mixture Alleviates Metabolic Disorders Caused by a High-Fat Diet. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040730. [PMID: 35453415 PMCID: PMC9029851 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that varying combination ratios of lemon balm (Mellissa officinalis L.) and corn silk extracts (Stigma of Zea mays L. fruit) could reduce the obesity caused by a high-fat diet (HFD). The present study investigated the dose-dependent effect of a 1:1 (w:w) mixture of lemon balm and corn silk extracts (M-LB/CS) on HFD-mediated metabolic disorders and compared the effect with metformin. Oral administration of 50–200 mg/kg of M-LB/CS for 84 days significantly inhibited HFD-induced body weight gain, adipocyte hypertrophy, and lipogenic gene induction without affecting food consumption in mice. Biochemical analyses showed that M-LB/CS blocked abnormal lipid accumulation in the blood by escalating fecal lipid excretion. In addition, M-LB/CS prevented HFD-mediated pancreatic atrophy, decreased the number of insulin- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells, and inhibited increases in glycated hemoglobin, glucose, and insulin. Moreover, M-LB/CS also reduced hepatic injury, lipid accumulation, gluconeogenesis, and lipid peroxidation in parallel with the induction of AMP-activated protein kinase and antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, M-LB/CS protected the kidney by inhibiting tubular vacuolation and reducing serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. The prophylactic effect of 100 mg/kg M-LB/CS-administration was comparable to that of metformin. Therefore, M-LB/CS may be an alternative option for managing obesity and its related metabolic disorders.
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Targeting Cardiovascular Diseases by Flavonols: An Update. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071439. [PMID: 35406050 PMCID: PMC9003055 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonols are one of the most plentiful flavonoid subclasses found in natural products and are extensively used as dietary supplements. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown the cardioprotective properties of flavonols, especially quercetin. This group of substances exerts positive impacts primarily due to their antiatherogenic, antithrombotic, and antioxidant activities. The potential of flavonols to promote vasodilation and regulation of apoptotic processes in the endothelium are other beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. Despite promising experimental findings, randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have yielded inconsistent results on the influence of these substances on human cardiovascular parameters. Thus, this review aims to summarize the most recent clinical data on the intake of these substances and their effects on the cardiovascular system. The present study will help clinicians and other healthcare workers understand the value of flavonol supplementation in both subjects at risk for cardiovascular disease and patients with cardiovascular diseases.
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Kosmalski M, Pękala-Wojciechowska A, Sut A, Pietras T, Luzak B. Dietary Intake of Polyphenols or Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Its Relationship with Metabolic and Inflammatory State in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051083. [PMID: 35268058 PMCID: PMC8912460 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between polyphenol or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) consumption and the selected metabolic and inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. Methods: The study enrolled 129 diabetics (49 men, mean age 64.1 ± 9.8 years) with different amounts of polyphenol and PUFAs consumption. Results: A significant effect of polyphenol or PUFAs omega-3 consumption on fasting glucose concentration (FG) or glycated haemoglobin fraction (HbA1c) was reported. A negative association was observed between FG and total polyphenol, flavonoid, flavan-3-ol and stilbene intake. In the group with high flavonoid intake, the FG was significantly lower compared to the group characterised by low flavonoid intake. Polyphenols, except stilbenes, did not modulate HbA1c. Additionally, higher consumption of PUFAs omega-3 significantly decreased HbA1c, and the intake of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids negatively and significantly correlated with FG and HbA1c. Further analysis confirmed a significant association between EPA + DHA intake and HbA1c, with significant interactions with age and gender or with body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio. The dietary intake of polyphenols or PUFAs was independent of familial diabetes or diabetic diet application. Conclusions: Our study indicates a positive effect of high consumption of flavonoids, omega-3 PUFAs and stilbenes on the markers of carbohydrate metabolism balance and the absence of such an effect on other cardiometabolic markers and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Kosmalski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcińskiego 22, 90-153 Łódź, Poland; (A.P.-W.); (T.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (B.L.); Tel.: +48-728-358-504 (M.K.)
| | - Anna Pękala-Wojciechowska
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcińskiego 22, 90-153 Łódź, Poland; (A.P.-W.); (T.P.)
| | - Agnieszka Sut
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-235 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Tadeusz Pietras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcińskiego 22, 90-153 Łódź, Poland; (A.P.-W.); (T.P.)
| | - Bogusława Luzak
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-235 Łódź, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (B.L.); Tel.: +48-728-358-504 (M.K.)
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Sharifi-Rad J, Quispe C, Herrera-Bravo J, Akram M, Abbaass W, Semwal P, Painuli S, Konovalov DA, Alfred MA, Kumar NVA, Imran M, Nadeem M, Sawicka B, Pszczółkowski P, Bienia B, Barbaś P, Mahmud S, Durazzo A, Lucarini M, Santini A, Martorell M, Calina D. Phytochemical Constituents, Biological Activities, and Health-Promoting Effects of the Melissa officinalis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6584693. [PMID: 39071243 PMCID: PMC11283336 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6584693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are being used worldwide for centuries for their beneficial properties. Some of the most popular medicinal plants belong to the Melissa genus, and different health beneficial effects have already been identified for this genus. Among these species, in particular, the Melissa officinalis L. has been reported as having many biological activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumour, antiviral, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, and also flatulence inhibiting effects. The beneficial properties of the Melissa officinalis, also known as "lemon balm herb", can be related to the bioactive compounds such as terpenoids, alcohols, rosmarinic acid, and phenolic antioxidants which are present in the plant. In this updated review, the botanical, geographical, nutritional, phytochemical, and traditional medical aspects of M. officinalis have been considered as well as in vitro and in vivo and clinically proven therapeutic properties have been reviewed with a special focus on health-promoting effects and possible perspective nutraceutical applications. To evidence the relevance of this plant in the research and completely assess the context, a literature quantitative research analysis has been performed indicating the great interest towards this plant for its beneficial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avda. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Jesús Herrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile
- Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wafa Abbaass
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Prabhakar Semwal
- Department of Life Sciences, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun (248002), Uttarakhand, India
- Uttarakhand State Council for Science and Technology, Vigyan Dham, Dehradun, 248007 Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sakshi Painuli
- Department of Life Sciences, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun (248002), Uttarakhand, India
- Himalayan Environmental Studies and Conservation Organization, Prem Nagar, Dehradun, 248001 Uttarakhand, India
| | - Dmitry Alekseevich Konovalov
- Department of Pharmacognozy and Botany, Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, A Branch of Volgograd State Medical University Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kalinina av.11, Pyatigorsk 357532, Russia
| | - Mary Angelia Alfred
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | | | - Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore-Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan
| | - Barbara Sawicka
- Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodities Science, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland, Akademicka 13 Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Pszczółkowski
- The Experimental Station for Variety Assessment of the Central Plant Research Center Uhnin, ZDOO Uhnin, 21-211 Dębowa Kłoda, Poland
| | - Bernadetta Bienia
- Department of Herbal Medicine, Carpathian State University in Krosno, Poland, Dmochowskiego 12 Str., 38-400 Krosno, Poland
| | - Piotr Barbaś
- Department of Potato Agronomy, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Jadwisin Research Center, Poland
| | - Shafi Mahmud
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Alessandra Durazzo
- CREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardetina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Lucarini
- CREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardetina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Unidad De Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad De Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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Shekarriz Z, Shorofi SA, Nabati M, Shabankhani B, Yousefi SS. Effect of Melissa officinalis on systolic and diastolic blood pressures in essential hypertension: A double-blind crossover clinical trial. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6883-6892. [PMID: 34766389 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
For a long time, Melissa officinalis (M. officinalis) has been used to treat cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the effects of M. officinalis on systolic and diastolic blood pressures in hypertensive patients. We conducted a double-blind, controlled, randomized crossover clinical trial on 49 patients who received either M. officinalis capsules (400 mg/d; n = 23) or the placebo (n = 26) three times per day for a 4-week period. After a 2-week washout period, the M. officinalis group received placebo and the other group received M. officinalis for another 4-week period. The systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured once at baseline and then every 2 weeks for 10 weeks. The statistical analysis of the obtained data revealed that the chronology of the consumption of M. officinalis and placebo had no effect on the systolic and diastolic blood pressures in these two studied groups. Moreover, it was found that systolic and diastolic blood pressures significantly decreased after the consumption of M. officinalis, compared to placebo. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures in group A at the beginning of the study were 152.30 ± 5.312 mmHg and 95.52 ± 1.988 mmHg, respectively, and, after the first phase (drug use), reached 129.88 ± 9.009 mmHg and 80.13 ± 5.488 mmHg, respectively. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures in group B at the beginning of the study was 152.26 ± 5.640 mmHg and 94.44 ± 2.607 mmHg, respectively, and after the second phase (drug use), reached 131.77 ± 8.091 mmHg and 81.46 ± 7.426 mmHg, (p = .005), respectively. Also, no significant side effects were observed during the study. According to the results, M. officinalis can reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the patients with essential hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shekarriz
- Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Afshin Shorofi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Research Institutes, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Nabati
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Bizhan Shabankhani
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyde Sedighe Yousefi
- Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Research Institutes, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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20
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Pasalar M, Tabatabaei F, Bradley R, Tajadini H, Kamali M, Hasheminasab FS, Parvizi MM. Mechanistic support of traditional Persian medicine for the treatment of acne vulgaris: A scoping review. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:2338-2348. [PMID: 34564932 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris is one of the most prevalent skin diseases, which also contributes to many psychological problems. Despite the recent progress in the treatment of acne vulgaris, the necessity for discovering more effective solutions has motivated many lines of research on natural and medicinal plants. The Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) introduced some plants and remedies for acne treatment. Given the universal welcome for herbal medicine, this review was performed to formally assess the evidence for herbal medicines for acne vulgaris in TPM. METHODS The medicinal plants used in this study for treating acne vulgaris were selected based on common references to the plants in five famous textbooks of TPM from different time periods. Then, the anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effects of these medicinal plants were investigated according to the recent literature available in five electronic databases including Scopus, Web of Sciences, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. RESULTS Twenty-one herbs were commonly references in traditional TPM texts as helpful for topical treatment of acne vulgaris. The data collected from the electronic databases demonstrated most of these plants (eg, Astragalus sarcocolla, Ficus carica, and Hordeum vulgare) have both anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial mechanisms, which may assist to treat acne vulgaris. CONCLUSION This scoping review demonstrated many medicinal plants recommended by TPM books have therapeutic potential for acne vulgaris via multiple mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Pasalar
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tabatabaei
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ryan Bradley
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Haleh Tajadini
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohadese Kamali
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Hasheminasab
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Parvizi
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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21
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Schreck K, Melzig MF. Traditionally Used Plants in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Screening for Uptake Inhibition of Glucose and Fructose in the Caco2-Cell Model. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:692566. [PMID: 34489694 PMCID: PMC8417609 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.692566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The traditional use of plants and their preparations in the treatment of diseases as a first medication in the past centuries indicates the presence of active components for specific targets in the natural material. Many of the tested plants in this study have been traditionally used in the treatment of Diabetes mellitus type 2 and associated symptoms in different cultural areas. Additionally, hypoglycemic effects, such as a decrease in blood glucose concentration, have been demonstrated in vivo for these plants. In order to determine the mode of action, the plants were prepared as methanolic and aqueous extracts and tested for their effects on intestinal glucose and fructose absorption in Caco2 cells. The results of this screening showed significant and reproducible inhibition of glucose uptake between 40 and 80% by methanolic extracts made from the fruits of Aronia melanocarpa, Cornus officinalis, Crataegus pinnatifida, Lycium chinense, and Vaccinium myrtillus; the leaves of Brassica oleracea, Juglans regia, and Peumus boldus; and the roots of Adenophora triphylla. Furthermore, glucose uptake was inhibited between 50 and 70% by aqueous extracts made from the bark of Eucommia ulmoides and the fruit skin of Malus domestica. The methanolic extracts of Juglans regia and Peumus boldus inhibited the fructose transport between 30 and 40% in Caco2 cells as well. These findings can be considered as fundamental work for further research regarding the treatment of obesity-correlated diseases, such as Diabetes mellitus type 2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias F. Melzig
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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22
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Wickramasinghe ASD, Kalansuriya P, Attanayake AP. Herbal Medicines Targeting the Improved β-Cell Functions and β-Cell Regeneration for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:2920530. [PMID: 34335803 PMCID: PMC8298154 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2920530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing trend of investigating natural bioactive compounds targeting pancreatic β-cells for the prevention/treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). With the exploration of multiple mechanisms by which β-cells involve in the pathogenesis of DM, herbal medicines are gaining attention due to their multitasking ability as evidenced by traditional medicine practices. This review attempts to summarize herbal medicines with the potential for improvement of β-cell functions and regeneration as scientifically proven by in vivo/in vitro investigations. Furthermore, attempts have been made to identify the mechanisms of improving the function and regeneration of β-cells by herbal medicines. Relevant data published from January 2009 to March 2020 were collected by searching electronic databases "PubMed," "ScienceDirect," and "Google Scholar" and studied for this review. Single herbal extracts, polyherbal mixtures, and isolated compounds derived from approximately 110 medicinal plants belonging to 51 different plant families had been investigated in recent years and found to be targeting β-cells. Many herbal medicines showed improvement of β-cell function as observed through homeostatic model assessment-β-cell function (HOMA-β). Pancreatic β-cell regeneration as observed in histopathological and immunohistochemical studies in terms of increase of size and number of functional β-cells was also prominent. Increasing β-cell mass via expression of genes/proteins related to antiapoptotic actions and β-cell neogenesis/proliferation, increasing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion via activating glucose transporter-2 (GLUT-2) receptors, and/or increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels were observed upon treatment of some herbal medicines. Some herbal medicines acted on various insulin signaling pathways. Furthermore, many herbal medicines showed protective effects on β-cells via reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation. However, there are many unexplored avenues. Thus, further investigations are warranted in elucidating mechanisms of improving β-cell function and mass by herbal medicines, their structure-activity relationship (SAR), and toxicities of these herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pabasara Kalansuriya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka
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23
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Minerals, Essential Oils, and Biological Properties of Melissa officinalis L. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061066. [PMID: 34073337 PMCID: PMC8229312 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the minerals elements, chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Algerian Melissa officinalis plant. The essential oil (EO) was extracted by hydrodistillation (HD) using a Clevenger-type apparatus of dry leaves of M. officinalis and was analyzed by two techniques, gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Eighteen minerals comprising both macro- and microelements (As, Br, K, La, Na, Sb, Sm, Ba, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Rb, Sc, Th, and Zn) were determined using neutron activation analysis technique for the first time from Algerian Melissa officinalis plant. Seventy-eight compounds were identified in the essential oil, representing 94.090% of the total oil and the yields were 0.470%. The major component was geranial (45.060%). Other predominant components were neral (31.720%) and citronellal (6.420%). The essential oil presented high antimicrobial activity against microorganisms, mainly five human pathogenic bacteria, one yeast, Candida albicans, and two phytopathogenic fungi. The results can be used as a source of information for the pharmaceutical industry and medical research.
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24
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Draginic N, Jakovljevic V, Andjic M, Jeremic J, Srejovic I, Rankovic M, Tomovic M, Nikolic Turnic T, Svistunov A, Bolevich S, Milosavljevic I. Melissa officinalis L. as a Nutritional Strategy for Cardioprotection. Front Physiol 2021; 12:661778. [PMID: 33967832 PMCID: PMC8100328 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.661778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to provide a summary on the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities in the cardiovascular system and cardiotoxicity of Melissa officinalis (MO), with the special emphasis on the protective mechanisms in different cardiovascular pathologies. MO is a perennial aromatic herb commonly known as lemon balm, honey balm, or bee balm, which belongs to Lamiaceae family. Active components are mainly located in the leaves or essential oil and include volatile compounds, terpenoid (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, triterpenes), and polyphenolic compounds [rosmarinic acid (RA), caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, quercitrin, rhamnocitrin, luteolin]. For centuries, MO has been traditionally used as a remedy for memory, cognition, anxiety, depression, and heart palpitations. Up until now, several beneficial cardiovascular effects of MO, in the form of extracts (aqueous, alcoholic, and hydroalcoholic), essential oil, and isolated compounds, have been confirmed in preclinical animal studies, such as antiarrhythmogenic, negative chronotropic and dromotropic, hypotensive, vasorelaxant, and infarct size-reducing effects. Nonetheless, MO effects on heart palpitations are the only ones confirmed in human subjects. The main mechanisms proposed for the cardiovascular effects of this plant are antioxidant free radical-scavenging properties of MO polyphenols, amelioration of oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory effects, activation of M2 and antagonism of β1 receptors in the heart, blockage of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, stimulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthesis, prevention of fibrotic changes, etc. Additionally, the main active ingredient of MO-RA, per se, has shown substantial cardiovascular effects. Because of the vastness of encouraging data from animal studies, this plant, as well as the main ingredient RA, should be considered and investigated further as a tool for cardioprotection and adjuvant therapy in patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Draginic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marijana Andjic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jovana Jeremic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan Srejovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marina Rankovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marina Tomovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Tamara Nikolic Turnic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Andrey Svistunov
- Research Institute of Pharmacy, 1st Moscow State Medical, University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Isidora Milosavljevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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25
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Akhter S. Low to no cost remedies for the management of diabetes mellitus; global health concern. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:951-962. [PMID: 34178869 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00783-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic non-communicable endocrine and metabolic disease that is thought to be the fastest emerging health challenge of the twenty-first century. Presently, 90% of diabetic population is handicapped with T2-DM, and the majority of pre-diabetes on the way to T2-DM progression. By keeping in view, a review article has been compiled to highlight the significance of value aided effective, low-cost, safe, and useful remedies that could easily be accessible to the global community in order to moderate the possibility of DM and related complications. Methods Literature search for this review was carried out using scientific databases including PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, Web of science, and google scholar. Whilst, value aided articles were selected on the basis of their therapeutic potential, safety profile and outreach. Results Escalating research data validated that herbal remedies and physical activities significantly prevents hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and other complications in people with T2-DM. Conclusion Globally, nearly half-billion individuals are living with diabetes. Therefore, it is urged to embrace herbal remedies and physical mediation in our daily routine in order to tackle such devastating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shireen Akhter
- Executive Development Center, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur, Sindh 65200 Pakistan.,Biotech, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur, Sindh 65200 Pakistan
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26
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Heshmati J, Morvaridzadeh M, Sepidarkish M, Fazelian S, Rahimlou M, Omidi A, Palmowski A, Asadi A, Shidfar F. Effects of Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm) on cardio-metabolic outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytother Res 2020; 34:3113-3123. [PMID: 32614129 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates a beneficial effect of Melissa officinalis (MO) intake on several chronic diseases. However, the effects of MO intake have not yet been systematically reviewed. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effect of MO intake and focused on several cardiometabolic outcomes. MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for MO-RCTs evaluating cardiometabolic outcomes. Random-effects meta-analyses estimated the pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) between intervention and control groups. Risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing the risk of bias in RCTs. Seven RCTs were finally deemed eligible. MO intake was associated with a reduced total cholesterol (TC) (SMD: -0.26; 95% CI: -0.52, -0.01; I2 = 13.7%; k = 6) and a reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) (SMD: -0.56; 95% CI: -0.85, -0.27; I2 = 00.0%; k = 3). MO intake was not associated with statistically significant changes in triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, diastolic blood pressure, high sensitivity c-reactive protein levels, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, insulin or high-density lipoprotein levels. No serious adverse events were reported. The risk of bias was high in a considerable amount of studies. Our study suggests that MO is a safe supplement with beneficial effects on TC and SBP. However, the findings of our study must be seen in the light of major limitations such as a low number of included studies and a serious risk of bias. High-quality RCTs are needed for firm conclusions concerning the effects of MO on cardiometabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Heshmati
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahdi Sepidarkish
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Siavash Fazelian
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ayatollah Kashani Hospital, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mehran Rahimlou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Omidi
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Andriko Palmowski
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Akbar Asadi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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27
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Jimenez-Garcia SN, Vazquez-Cruz MA, Ramirez-Gomez XS, Beltran-Campos V, Contreras-Medina LM, Garcia-Trejo JF, Feregrino-Pérez AA. Changes in the Content of Phenolic Compounds and Biological Activity in Traditional Mexican Herbal Infusions with Different Drying Methods. Molecules 2020; 25:E1601. [PMID: 32244463 PMCID: PMC7180736 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mexican spices are used in the supplementation of the human diet and as medicinal herbs for the particularly high amounts of compounds capable of deactivating free radicals. In addition, these spices can have beneficial effects on chronic, no-transmissible diseases such as type II diabetes and hypertension arterial. The objective of this study is to determine the content of phenolic compounds on the antioxidant activity and inhibitory enzymes of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and angiotensin-converting enzyme in melissa, peppermint, thyme and mint, which are subjected to microwave drying, conventional and freeze-drying to be used as alternative treatments. Spices were evaluated to determine total phenols, flavonoids, tannins, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), (2,2'-azino-bis- (3-ethyl benzothiazolin-6-ammonium sulphonate) (ABTS) and Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power (FRAP), enzymatic activity. The investigation showed that conventional drying caused a decrease in antioxidant properties and inhibitory activity, in some species, while remained preserved in microwave drying and freeze-drying. The activity of polyphenol oxides and peroxidase decreases with high temperatures and these increase with the use of cold temperatures. This study aims to determine the extent of optimal drying required to preserve phenolic compounds, and the positive effect on antioxidant activity and enzymatic activity in in vitro models, which will produce benefits for the infusion processing industry and the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra N. Jimenez-Garcia
- División de Ciencias de la Salud e Ingeniería, Campus Celaya-Salvatierra, C.A. Enfermedades no transmisibles, Universidad de Guanajuato, Av. Ing. Javier Barros Sierra No. 201 Esq. Baja California, Ejido de Santa Maria del Refugio Celaya, Guanajuato, C.P. 38140, Mexico; (S.N.J.-G.); (X.S.R.-G.); (V.B.-C.)
| | - Moisés A. Vazquez-Cruz
- Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo, KOPPERT MEXICO, Circuito el Marques Nte. 82, Parque industrial El Marqués, Santiago de Querétaro, C.P. 76246, Mexico;
| | - Xóchitl S. Ramirez-Gomez
- División de Ciencias de la Salud e Ingeniería, Campus Celaya-Salvatierra, C.A. Enfermedades no transmisibles, Universidad de Guanajuato, Av. Ing. Javier Barros Sierra No. 201 Esq. Baja California, Ejido de Santa Maria del Refugio Celaya, Guanajuato, C.P. 38140, Mexico; (S.N.J.-G.); (X.S.R.-G.); (V.B.-C.)
| | - Vicente Beltran-Campos
- División de Ciencias de la Salud e Ingeniería, Campus Celaya-Salvatierra, C.A. Enfermedades no transmisibles, Universidad de Guanajuato, Av. Ing. Javier Barros Sierra No. 201 Esq. Baja California, Ejido de Santa Maria del Refugio Celaya, Guanajuato, C.P. 38140, Mexico; (S.N.J.-G.); (X.S.R.-G.); (V.B.-C.)
| | - Luis M. Contreras-Medina
- División de Estudios de Posgrado, C.A. Bioingeniería, Básica y Aplicada Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U. Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Colonia Las Campanas, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, C.P. 76010, Mexico; (L.M.C.-M.); (J.F.G.-T.)
| | - Juan F. Garcia-Trejo
- División de Estudios de Posgrado, C.A. Bioingeniería, Básica y Aplicada Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U. Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Colonia Las Campanas, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, C.P. 76010, Mexico; (L.M.C.-M.); (J.F.G.-T.)
| | - Ana A. Feregrino-Pérez
- División de Estudios de Posgrado, C.A. Bioingeniería, Básica y Aplicada Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U. Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Colonia Las Campanas, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, C.P. 76010, Mexico; (L.M.C.-M.); (J.F.G.-T.)
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