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Li X, Yang W, Li Y, Kang J, Wang J, Fang M. Revealing the anti-inflammatory ingredients in wine-processed Radix et Rhizoma Rhei using immobilized cysteinyl leukotriene receptor type 1 as the stationary phase. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 242:116036. [PMID: 38395001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Despite the tremendous progress of wine-processed Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (Jiudahuang, JDH) in removing toxic heat from the blood in the upper portion of the body for hundreds of years, the deep understanding of its functional material basis of the anti-inflammatory ingredients remains unclear due to the lack of high specific and efficient methods. Herein, taking Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor type 1(CysLT1R) as the target protein, we established a chromatographic method based on the immobilized CysLT1R using haloalkane dehalogenases (Halo) at the C-terminus of the receptor in one step. After careful characterization by X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy, immune-fluorometric analysis, and chromatographic investigations, the immobilized receptor was used to screen the anti-inflammatory ingredients in JDH. Aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion were identified as the main anthraquinone exerting anti-inflammatory effects in the drug. The association constants for the five compounds to bind with the receptor were calculated as (0.30 ± 0.06)× 105, (0.35 ± 0.03)× 105, (0.46 ± 0.05)× 105, (1.05 ± 0.14)× 105, and (1.66 ± 0.17)× 105 M-1 by injection amount-dependent method. Meanwhile, hydrogen bonds were identified as the main driving force for the five compounds to bind with CysLT1R by molecular docking. Based on these results, we believe that the immobilized receptor chromatography preserves historic significance in revealing the functional material basis of the complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechao Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jing Kang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Minfeng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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Zhang XY, Wang X, Ye T, Shao N, Wang J, Cai B, Xie DJ. Network pharmacology-based approach to understand the effect and mechanism of chrysophanol against cognitive impairment in Wilson disease. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:89-99. [PMID: 37999884 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01321-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is a rare hereditary copper metabolism disorder, wherein cognitive impairment is a common clinical symptom. Chrysophanol (CHR) is an active compound with neuroprotective effects. The study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effect of CHR in WD and attempted to understand the potential mechanisms. Network pharmacology analysis was applied to predict the core target genes of CHR against cognitive impairment in WD. The rats fed with copper-laden diet for 12 weeks, and the effect of CHR on the copper content in liver and 24-h urine, the learning and memory ability, the morphological changes and the apoptosis level of neurons in hippocampal CA1 region, the expression level of Bax, Bcl-2, Cleaved Caspase-3, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT, and AKT proteins were detected. Network pharmacology analysis showed that cell apoptosis and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway might be the main participants in CHR against cognitive impairment in WD. The experiments showed that CHR could reduce the copper content in liver, increase the copper content in 24-h urine, improve the ability of the learning and memory, alleviate the damage and apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons, down-regulate the expression of Bax, Cleaved Caspase-3, and up-regulate the expressions of Bcl-2, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT. These results suggested that CHR could alleviate cognitive impairment in WD by inhibiting cell apoptosis and triggering the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Zhang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xie Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Ye
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Shao
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Cai
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Dao-Jun Xie
- Encephalopathy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People's Republic of China.
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Liu L, Zhou L, Wang LL, Zheng PD, Zhang FQ, Mao ZY, Zhang HJ, Liu HG. Programmed Cell Death in Asthma: Apoptosis, Autophagy, Pyroptosis, Ferroptosis, and Necroptosis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:2727-2754. [PMID: 37415620 PMCID: PMC10321329 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s417801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is a complex heterogeneous airway disease, which has emerged as a global health issue. A comprehensive understanding of the different molecular mechanisms of bronchial asthma may be an efficient means to improve its clinical efficacy in the future. Increasing research evidence indicates that some types of programmed cell death (PCD), including apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necroptosis, contributed to asthma pathogenesis, and may become new targets for future asthma treatment. This review briefly discusses the molecular mechanism and signaling pathway of these forms of PCD focuses on summarizing their roles in the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of asthma and offers some efficient means to improve clinical efficacy of therapeutics for asthma in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling-Ling Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng-Dou Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng-Qin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Yu Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huo-Jun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Guo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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Das A, Pathak MP, Pathak K, Saikia R, Gogoi U. Herbal medicine for the treatment of obesity-associated asthma: a comprehensive review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1186060. [PMID: 37251328 PMCID: PMC10213975 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1186060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is fast growing as a global pandemic and is associated with numerous comorbidities like cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux disease, sleep disorders, nephropathy, neuropathy, as well as asthma. Studies stated that obese asthmatic subjects suffer from an increased risk of asthma, and encounter severe symptoms due to a number of pathophysiology. It is very vital to understand the copious relationship between obesity and asthma, however, a clear and pinpoint pathogenesis underlying the association between obesity and asthma is scarce. There is a plethora of obesity-asthma etiologies reported viz., increased circulating pro-inflammatory adipokines like leptin, resistin, and decreased anti-inflammatory adipokines like adiponectin, depletion of ROS controller Nrf2/HO-1 axis, nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) associated macrophage polarization, hypertrophy of WAT, activation of Notch signaling pathway, and dysregulated melanocortin pathway reported, however, there is a very limited number of reports that interrelates these pathophysiologies. Due to the underlying complex pathophysiologies exaggerated by obese conditions, obese asthmatics respond poorly to anti-asthmatic drugs. The poor response towards anti-asthmatic drugs may be due to the anti-asthmatics approach only that ignores the anti-obesity target. So, aiming only at the conventional anti-asthmatic targets in obese-asthmatics may prove to be futile until and unless treatment is directed towards ameliorating obesity pathogenesis for a holistic approach towards amelioration of obesity-associated asthma. Herbal medicines for obesity as well as obesity-associated comorbidities are fast becoming safer and more effective alternatives to conventional drugs due to their multitargeted approach with fewer adverse effects. Although, herbal medicines are widely used for obesity-associated comorbidities, however, a limited number of herbal medicines have been scientifically validated and reported against obesity-associated asthma. Notable among them are quercetin, curcumin, geraniol, resveratrol, β-Caryophyllene, celastrol, tomatidine to name a few. In view of this, there is a dire need for a comprehensive review that may summarize the role of bioactive phytoconstituents from different sources like plants, marine as well as essential oils in terms of their therapeutic mechanisms. So, this review aims to critically discuss the therapeutic role of herbal medicine in the form of bioactive phytoconstituents against obesity-associated asthma available in the scientific literature to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparoop Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Manash Pratim Pathak
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam Down Town University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kalyani Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Riya Saikia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Urvashee Gogoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
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Hussein NA, Abdel Gawad HS, Maklad HM, El-Fakharany EM, Aly RG, Samy DM. Empagliflozin inhibits autophagy and mitigates airway inflammation and remodelling in mice with ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 950:175701. [PMID: 37044313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Empagliflozin, a selective inhibitor of Na+-glucose cotransporter-2, has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects in addition to autophagy modulation. Addressing the role of autophagy in allergic asthma revealed controversial results. The potential effect of empagliflozin treatment on airway inflammation and remodelling as well as autophagy modulation in a murine model of allergic asthma was investigated. Over a 7-week period, male BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged by intraperitoneal injection and inhalation of ovalbumin, respectively. Animals were treated with empagliflozin (10 mg/kg; orally) and/or rapamycin (an autophagy inducer; 4 mg/kg; intraperitoneally) before every challenge. Methacholine-induced airway hyperresponsiveness was evaluated one day after the last challenge. After euthanasia, serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lung tissues were collected for biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical assessment. Results revealed that empagliflozin decreased airway hyperresponsiveness, serum ovalbumin-specific immunoglobulin E, and bronchoalveolar lavage total and differential leukocytic counts. Levels of inflammatory and profibrotic cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, and transforming growth factor-β1) were all inhibited. Moreover, empagliflozin preserved pulmonary microscopic architecture and alleviated bronchiolar epithelial thickening, goblet cell hyperplasia, fibrosis and smooth muscle hypertrophy. These effects were associated with inhibition of ovalbumin-activated autophagic flux, as demonstrated by decreased LC3B expression and LC3BII/I ratio, as well as increased P62 expression. However, the therapeutic potential of empagliflozin was inhibited when rapamycin was co-administered. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that empagliflozin has immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-remodelling properties in ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma and suggests that autophagic flux inhibition may play a role in empagliflozin's anti-asthmatic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A Hussein
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hala S Abdel Gawad
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hala M Maklad
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Therapeutic and Protective Protein Laboratory, Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania G Aly
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Doaa M Samy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Chrysophanol prevents IL-1β-Induced inflammation and ECM degradation in osteoarthritis via the Sirt6/NF-κB and Nrf2/NF-κB axis. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 208:115402. [PMID: 36592706 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint illness that negatively impacts people's lives. The main active ingredient of cassia seed or rhubarb is chrysophanol. It has various pharmacological effects including anticancer, anti-diabetes and blood lipid regulation. Previous evidence suggests that chrysophanol has anti-inflammatory properties in various diseases, but its effect on OA has not been investigated yet. In this study, chrysophanol inhibited IL-1β -induced expression of ADAMTS-4, MMP13, COX-2 and iNOS. Meanwhile, it can inhibit aggrecan and collagen degradation in osteoarthritic chondrocytes induced by IL-1β.Further studies depicted that SIRT6 silencing eliminated the chrysophanol effect on IL-1β. The results demonstrated that chrysophanol could stimulate SIRT6 activation and, more importantly, increase SIRT6 levels. We also discovered that chrysophanol might impede the NF-κB pathway of OA mice's chondrocytes induced by IL-1β, which could be because it depends on SIRT6 activation to some extent. It had also been previously covered that chrysophanol could produce a marked effect on Nrf2/NF-κB axis [1]. Therefore, we can infer that chrysophanol may benefit chondrocytes by regulating the SIRT6/NF-κB and Nrf2/NF-κB signaling axis.We examined the anti-inflammatory mechanism and the impact of chrysophanol on mice in vitro and in vivo. In summary, we declare that chrysophanol diminishes the inflammatory reaction of OA in mice in vitro by regulating SIRT6/NF-κB and Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway and protects articular cartilage from degradation in vivo. We can infer that chrysophanol could be an efficient therapy for OA.
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7
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Bai D, Sun Y, Li Q, Li H, Liang Y, Xu X, Hao J. Leonurine attenuates OVA-induced asthma via p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109483. [PMID: 36463697 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Leonurine (Leo) is a natural alkaloid extracted from Herba leonuri, which has many biological activities. However, whether leonurine has a protective effect on asthma remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of leonurine on asthma. We evaluated its therapeutic effect and related signal transduction in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells and OVA-induced asthmatic mice. In addition, we used network pharmacology, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation to verify the experimental results. In LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, leonurine significantly reduced the production of TNF-α and IL-6, andinhibited the activation of p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. In OVA-induced asthmatic mice, leonurine decreased the number of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), particularly neutrophils and eosinophils. Leonurine also reduced the contents of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 in the BALF and OVA-IgE in the serum. Leonurine remarkly improved OVA-induced inflammatory cell infiltration and significantly inhibited mucus overproduction. In addition, leonurine inhibited the activation of p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in the lung tissues of asthmatic mice. Network pharmacology suggested that p38 MAPKα was a potential target of leonurine in the treatment of asthma. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations indicated that leonurine could stably bind to p38 MAPKα protein. In summary, leonurine attenuated asthma by regulating p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Bai
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiong Li
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Haihua Li
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuerun Liang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiejie Hao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China.
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Chrysophanol-Induced Autophagy Disrupts Apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 59:medicina59010042. [PMID: 36676666 PMCID: PMC9864245 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Natural products are necessary sources for drug discovery and have contributed to cancer chemotherapy over the past few decades. Furthermore, substances derived from plants have fewer side effects. Chrysophanol is an anthraquinone derivative that is isolated from rhubarb. Although the anticancer effect of chrysophanol on several cancer cells has been reported, studies on the antitumor effect of chrysophanol on oral squamous-cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells have yet to be elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the anticancer effect of chrysophanol on OSCC cells (CAL-27 and Ca9-22) via apoptosis and autophagy, among the cell death pathways. Results: It was found that chrysophanol inhibited the growth and viability of CAL-27 and Ca9-22 and induced apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway. It was also found that chrysophanol activates autophagy-related factors (ATG5, beclin-1, and P62/SQSTM1) and LC3B conversion. That is, chrysophanol activated both apoptosis and autophagy. Here, we focused on the roles of chrysophanol-induced apoptosis and the autophagy pathway. When the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA and PI3K/Akt inhibitor were used to inhibit the autophagy induced by chrysophanol, it was confirmed that the rate of apoptosis significantly increased. Therefore, we confirmed that chrysophanol induces apoptosis and autophagy at the same time, and the induced autophagy plays a role in interfering with apoptosis processes. Conclusions: Therefore, the potential of chrysophanol as an excellent anticancer agent in OSCC was confirmed via this study. Furthermore, the combined treatment of drugs that can inhibit chrysophanol-induced autophagy is expected to have a tremendous synergistic effect in overcoming oral cancer.
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Zhou BW, Liu HM, Jia XH. The Role and Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Airway Inflammation and Remodeling in Asthma: Overview and Progress. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:917256. [PMID: 35910345 PMCID: PMC9335520 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.917256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma as an individual disease has blighted human health for thousands of years and is still a vital global health challenge at present. Though getting much progress in the utilization of antibiotics, mucolytics, and especially the combination of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long-acting β-agonists (LABA), we are confused about the management of asthmatic airway inflammation and remodeling, which directly threatens the quality of life for chronic patients. The blind addition of ICS will not benefit the remission of cough, wheeze, or sputum, but to increase the risk of side effects. Thus, it is necessary to explore an effective therapy to modulate asthmatic inflammation and airway remodeling. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has justified its anti-asthma effect in clinical practice but its underlying mechanism and specific role in asthma are still unknown. Some animal studies demonstrated that the classic formula, direct exacts, and natural compounds isolated from TCM could significantly alleviate airway structural alterations and exhibit the anti-inflammatory effects. By investigating these findings and data, we will discuss the possible pathomechanism underlined airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma and the unique role of TCM in the treatment of asthma through regulating different signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-wen Zhou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hua-man Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xin-hua Jia
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xin-hua Jia,
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Effects of Anthraquinones on Immune Responses and Inflammatory Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123831. [PMID: 35744949 PMCID: PMC9230691 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The anthraquinones (AQs) and derivatives are widely distributed in nature, including plants, fungi, and insects, with effects of anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation, antibacterial and antiviral, anti-osteoporosis, anti-tumor, etc. Inflammation, including acute and chronic, is a comprehensive response to foreign pathogens under a variety of physiological and pathological processes. AQs could attenuate symptoms and tissue damages through anti-inflammatory or immuno-modulatory effects. The review aims to provide a scientific summary of AQs on immune responses under different pathological conditions, such as digestive diseases, respiratory diseases, central nervous system diseases, etc. It is hoped that the present paper will provide ideas for future studies of the immuno-regulatory effect of AQs and the therapeutic potential for drug development and clinical use of AQs and derivatives.
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Qi JH, Dong FX, Wang K, Zhang SY, Liu ZM, Wang WJ, Sun FZ, Zhang HM, Wang XL. Feasibility analysis and mechanism exploration of Rhei Radix et Rhizome-Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus (RS) against COVID-19. J Med Microbiol 2022; 71. [PMID: 35584000 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. As a novel global epidemic, corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 brought great suffering and disaster to mankind. Recently, although significant progress has been made in vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, there are still no drugs for treating COVID-19. It is well known that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has achieved excellent efficacy in the treatment of COVID-19 in China. As a treasure-house of natural drugs, Chinese herbs offer a promising prospect for discovering anti-COVID-19 drugs.Hypothesis/Gap Statement. We proposed that Rhei Radix et Rhizome-Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus (RS) may have potential value in the treatment of COVID-19 patients by regulating immune response, protecting the cardiovascular system, inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors, and blocking virus invasion and replication processes.Aim. We aimed to explore the feasibility and molecular mechanisms of RS against COVID-19, to provide a reference for basic research and clinical applications.Methodology. Through literature mining, it is found that a Chinese herbal pair, RS, has potential anti-COVID-19 activity. In this study, we analysed the feasibility of RS against COVID-19 by high-throughput molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Furthermore, we predicted the molecular mechanisms of RS against COVID-19 based on network pharmacology.Results. We proved the feasibility of RS anti-COVID-19 by literature mining, virtual docking and molecular dynamics simulations, and found that angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and 3C-like protease (3 CL pro) were also two critical targets for RS against COVID-19. In addition, we predicted the molecular mechanisms of RS in the treatment of COVID-19, and identified 29 main ingredients, 21 potential targets and 16 signalling pathways. Rhein, eupatin, (-)-catechin, aloe-emodin may be important active ingredients in RS. ALB, ESR1, EGFR, HMOX1, CTSL, and RHOA may be important targets against COVID-19. Platelet activation, renin secretion, ras signalling pathway, chemokine signalling pathway, and human cytomegalovirus infection may be important signalling pathways against COVID-19.Conclusion. RS plays a key role in the treatment of COVID-19, which may be closely related to immune regulation, cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammation, virus invasion and replication processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hong Qi
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Fang-Xu Dong
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Ke Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Shan-Yu Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Zi-Ming Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Feng-Zhi Sun
- The Pharmacy Department, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Hui-Min Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Xiao-Long Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
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Quan L, Ren G, Liu L, Huang W, Li M. Circular RNA circ_0002594 regulates PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and migration of human airway smooth muscle cells via sponging miR-139-5p/TRIM8 in asthma. Autoimmunity 2022; 55:339-350. [PMID: 35470728 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2022.2062596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterised by the contraction of smooth muscle and remodelling of the airway wall, which is correlated with increased airway smooth muscle mass. Circular RNA (circRNA) circ_0002594 has been reported as a pro-inflammatory factor in allergic asthma. Therefore, this study is designed to explore the role and mechanism of circ_0002594 in human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMC) proliferation and metastasis. METHODS Cell proliferative ability, invasion, and migration were detected by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), Transwell, and Wound healing assays. The protein levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and tripartite motif 8 (TRIM8) were detected by western blot assay. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-13 were detected using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Levels of circ_0002594, microRNA-139-5p (miR-139-5p), TRIM8 were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The binding between miR-139-5p and circ_0002594 or TRIM8 was predicted by Circinteractome or Starbase v2.0, and then verified by a dual-luciferase reporter and RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. RESULTS Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) could trigger HASMC proliferation, metastasis, and inflammation. Circ_0002594 and TRIM8 were elevated in asthma patients and PDGF-BB-treated HASMC, and the miR-139-5p level was decreased. Furthermore, circ_0002594 knockdown could suppress PDGF-BB- stimulated HASMC damage. Mechanism analysis exhibited that circ_0002594 could regulate TRIM8 expression through sponging miR-139-5p. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that circ_0002594 could act as a regulator in the airway remodelling during asthma development partly by the miR-139-5p/TRIM8 axis, hinting at an underlying therapeutic strategy for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Quan
- Department of Pediatrics, Qinghuangdao First Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Gaowei Ren
- Department of Pediatrics, Qinghuangdao First Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Qinghuangdao First Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qinghuangdao First Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Mingli Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Qinghuangdao First Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China
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13
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Zhang C, Li W, Li X, Wan D, Mack S, Zhang J, Wagner K, Wang C, Tan B, Chen J, Wu CW, Tsuji K, Takeuchi M, Chen Z, Hammock BD, Pinkerton KE, Yang J. Novel aerosol treatment of airway hyper-reactivity and inflammation in a murine model of asthma with a soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266608. [PMID: 35443010 PMCID: PMC9020733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma currently affects more than 339 million people worldwide. In the present preliminary study, we examined the efficacy of a new, inhalable soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor (sEHI), 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU), to attenuate airway inflammation, mucin secretion, and hyper-responsiveness (AHR) in an ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized murine model. Male BALB/c mice were divided into phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), OVA, and OVA+TPPU (2- or 6-h) exposure groups. On days 0 and 14, the mice were administered PBS or sensitized to OVA in PBS. From days 26-38, seven challenge exposures were performed with 30 min inhalation of filtered air or OVA alone. In the OVA+TPPU groups, a 2- or 6-h TPPU inhalation preceded each 30-min OVA exposure. On day 39, pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were performed, and biological samples were collected. Lung tissues were used to semi-quantitatively evaluate the severity of inflammation and airway constriction and the volume of stored intracellular mucosubstances. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and blood samples were used to analyze regulatory lipid mediator profiles. Significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated alveolar, bronchiolar, and pleural inflammation; airway resistance and constriction; mucosubstance volume; and inflammatory lipid mediator levels were observed with OVA+TPPU relative to OVA alone. Cumulative findings indicated TPPU inhalation effectively inhibited inflammation, suppressed AHR, and prevented mucosubstance accumulation in the murine asthmatic model. Future studies should determine the pharmacokinetics (i.e., absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) and pharmacodynamics (i.e., concentration/dose responses) of inhaled TPPU to explore its potential as an asthma-preventative or -rescue treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanzhen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Wei Li
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiyuan Li
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Debin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Savannah Mack
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Karen Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Bowen Tan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Jason Chen
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Ching-Wen Wu
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Kaori Tsuji
- Department of Animal Medical Science, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Minoru Takeuchi
- Department of Animal Medical Science, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ziping Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Kent E. Pinkerton
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
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14
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Effect of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide on Decreasing Serum Amyloid A3 Expression through Inhibiting NF-κB Activation in a Mouse Model of Diabetic Nephropathy. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022; 2022:7847135. [PMID: 35132370 PMCID: PMC8817866 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7847135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) as one of the main bioactive constituents of the fruit of Lycium barbarum L. (LBL.) has many pharmacological activities, but its antihyperglycemic activity is not fully understood yet. This study investigated the hypoglycemic and renal protective effects of LBP on high-fat diet/streptozotocin- (HFD/STZ-) induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in mice. Blood glucose was assessed before and after 8-week administration of LBP, and the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index was calculated for evaluating the antidiabetic effect of LBP. Additionally, serum creatinine (sCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urine microalbumin were tested to evaluate the renal function. HE and PAS stainings were performed to evaluate the morphology and injury of the kidney. The results showed that LBP significantly reduces the glucose level and ameliorates the insulin resistance of diabetic mice. Importantly, LBP improves renal function by lowering the levels of sCr, BUN, and microalbumin in diabetic mice and relieves the injury in the renal glomeruli and tubules of the DN mice. Furthermore, LBP attenuates renal inflammation as evidenced by downregulating the mRNA levels of TNFα, IL1 β, IL6, and SAA3 in the renal cortex, as well as reducing the elevated circulating level and protein depositions of SAA3 in the kidney. In addition, our western blot results showed that NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation and the degradation of inhibitory κB-α (IκBα) occurred during the progress of inflammation, and such activated signaling was restrained by LBP. In conclusion, our findings suggest that LBP is a potential antidiabetic agent, which ameliorates the inflammation in DN through inhibiting NF-κB activation.
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15
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Soleiman-Meigooni S, Hoseini Yekta N, Sheikhan HR, Aminianfar M, Hamidi-Farahani R, Ahmadi M, Asgari A, Kazemi-Galougahi MH, Rahimi R. Efficacy of a standardized herbal formulation from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. as an adjuvant treatment in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled trial. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2022; 13:100670. [PMID: 36320214 PMCID: PMC9613802 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction As no specific pharmacological intervention has been known for COVID-19, medicinal plants may be a suitable candidate for management of this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a herbal syrup from licorice as an adjuvant treatment in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Materials and methods 213 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were assigned to receive either standardized licorice syrup as an adjuvant treatment plus standard care [Syrup Group (SYRUP), N = 91], or standard care alone [Standard Group (STANDARD), N = 104], for 7 days. The primary endpoint was duration of hospitalization in survivors. The secondary endpoints included 25% increase in oxygen saturation, C-reactive protein (CRP) difference and lymphocyte difference from baseline, number of death and number of patients transferred to ICU. Results Mean duration of admission was 5.24 days in SYRUP and 7.14 days in STANDARD (p < 0.001). Oxygen saturation increased in 86 of 91 patients (94.5%) in the licorice group, compared to 83 of 104 patients (79.8%) in the control group (p = 0.002). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the number of patients died during hospitalization (p = 0.837). Five patients in SYRUP and 16 patients in STANDARD were transferred to ICU (p < 0.026). Mean reduction in CRP (p < 0.001) and mean increase in the number of lymphocytes (p = 0.008) in SYRUP were significantly higher than STANDARD. Discussion Licorice syrup as an adjuvant treatment demonstrated promising results on duration of hospital admission, O2 saturation as well as inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients; however, further clinical studies with larger sample size are suggested to achieve more conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nafiseh Hoseini Yekta
- Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sheikhan
- Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Aminianfar
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Hamidi-Farahani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mousa Ahmadi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Asgari
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author.
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16
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Zhang Y, Zhang H, Li Y, Wang M, Qian F. β-Caryophyllene attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via inhibition of the MAPK signalling pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1319-1329. [PMID: 34313776 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute lung injury (ALI) is a pulmonary manifestation of an acute systemic inflammatory response, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Accordingly, from the perspective of treating ALI, it is important to identify effective agents and elucidate the underlying modulatory mechanisms. β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is a naturally occurring bicyclic sesquiterpene that has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effects of BCP on ALI have yet to be ascertained. METHODS ALI was induced intratracheally, injected with 5 mg/kg LPS and treated with BCP. The bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were obtained and cultured then challenged with 100 ng/ml LPS for 4 h, with or without BCP pre-treatment for 30 min. KEY FINDINGS BCP significantly ameliorates LPS-induced mouse ALI, which is related to an alleviation of neutrophil infiltration and reduction in cytokine production. In vitro, BCP was found to reduce the expression of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β and tumour necrosis factor-α, and suppresses the MAPK signalling pathway in BMDMs, which is associated with the inhibition of TAK1 phosphorylation and an enhancement of MKP-1 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that BCP protects against inflammatory responses and is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of LPS-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Muqun Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhang H, Tang H, Hu H, Wang S, Wong VKW, Li Y, Deng J. Autophagy Modulators From Chinese Herbal Medicines: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potentials for Asthma. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:710679. [PMID: 34366865 PMCID: PMC8342996 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.710679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma has become a global health issue, suffering more than 300 million people in the world, which is a heterogeneous disease, usually characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. Combination of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long acting β-agonists (LABA) can relieve asthma symptoms and reduce the frequency of exacerbations, especially for patients with refractory asthma, but there are limited treatment options for people who do not gain control on combination ICS/LABA. The increase in ICS dose generally provides little additional benefit, and there is an increased risk of side effects. Therefore, therapeutic interventions integrating the use of different agents that focus on different targets are needed to overcome this set of diseases. Some findings suggest autophagy is closely correlated with the severity of asthma through eosinophilic inflammation, and its modulation may provide novel therapeutic approaches for severe allergic asthma. The chinese herbal medicine (CHM) have been demonstrated clinically as potent therapeutic interventions for asthma. Moreover some reports have found that the bioactive components isolated from CHM could modulate autophagy, and exhibit potent Anti-inflammatory activity. These findings have implied the potential for CHMs in asthma or allergic inflammation therapy via the modulation of autophagy. In this review, we discuss the basic pathomechanisms underpinning asthma, and the potential role of CHMs in treating asthma with modulating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - He Zhang
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Tang
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hang Hu
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Songping Wang
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yuying Li
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Inflammation and Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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18
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Alharbi KS, Fuloria NK, Fuloria S, Rahman SB, Al-Malki WH, Javed Shaikh MA, Thangavelu L, Singh SK, Rama Raju Allam VS, Jha NK, Chellappan DK, Dua K, Gupta G. Nuclear factor-kappa B and its role in inflammatory lung disease. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 345:109568. [PMID: 34181887 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-kappa B, involved in inflammation, host immune response, cell adhesion, growth signals, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis defense, is a dimeric transcription factor. Inflammation is a key component of many common respiratory disorders, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Many basic transcription factors are found in NF-κB signaling, which is a member of the Rel protein family. Five members of this family c-REL, NF-κB2 (p100/p52), RelA (p65), NF-κB1 (p105/p50), RelB, and RelA (p65) produce 5 transcriptionally active molecules. Proinflammatory cytokines, T lymphocyte, and B lymphocyte cell mitogens, lipopolysaccharides, bacteria, viral proteins, viruses, double-stranded RNA, oxidative stress, physical exertion, various chemotherapeutics are the stimulus responsible for NF-κB activation. NF-κB act as a principal component for several common respiratory illnesses, such as asthma, lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, COPD as well as infectious diseases like pneumonia, tuberculosis, COVID-19. Inflammatory lung disease, especially COVID-19, can make NF-κB a key target for drug production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Saad Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Sk Batin Rahman
- Bengal School of Technology, Churchura, Hooghly, West Bengal, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Al-Malki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Sachin K Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Venkata Sita Rama Raju Allam
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Plot No.32-34, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, 302017, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India.
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19
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Chrysophanol Attenuates Manifestations of Immune Bowel Diseases by Regulation of Colorectal Cells and T Cells Activation In Vivo. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061682. [PMID: 33802855 PMCID: PMC8002617 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune disorder that develops due to chronic inflammation in several cells. It is known that colorectal and T cells are mainly involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. Chrysophanol is an anthraquinone family member that possesses several bioactivities, including anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, and inhibitory effects on T cell activation. However, it is unknown whether chrysophanol suppresses the activity of colorectal cells. In this study, we found that chrysophanol did not induce cytotoxicity in HT-29 colorectal cells. Pre-treatment with chrysophanol inhibited the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated HT-29 cells. Western blot analysis revealed that pre-treatment with chrysophanol mitigates p65 translocation and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in activated HT-29 cells. Results from the in vivo experiment confirmed that oral administration of chrysophanol protects mice from dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced IBD. Chrysophanol administration attenuates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in colon tissues of the DSS-induced IBD model. In addition, we found that oral administration of chrysophanol systemically decreased the expression of effector cytokines from mesenteric lymph nodes. Therefore, these data suggest that chrysophanol has a potent modulatory effect on colorectal cells as well as exhibiting a beneficial potential for curing IBD in vivo.
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20
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Bahramsoltani R, Rahimi R. An Evaluation of Traditional Persian Medicine for the Management of SARS-CoV-2. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:571434. [PMID: 33324206 PMCID: PMC7724033 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.571434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A new coronavirus causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged and with it, a global investigation of new antiviral treatments and supportive care for organ failure due to this life-threatening viral infection. Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) is one of the most ancient medical doctrines mostly known with the manuscripts of Avicenna and Rhazes. In this paper, we first introduce a series of medicinal plants that would potentially be beneficial in treating SARS-CoV-2 infection according to TPM textbooks. Then, we review medicinal plants based on the pharmacological studies obtained from electronic databases and discuss their mechanism of action in SARS-CoV-2 infection. There are several medicinal plants in TPM with cardiotonic, kidney tonic, and pulmonary tonic activities, protecting the lung, heart, and kidney, the three main vulnerable organs in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Some medicinal plants can prevent "humor infection", a situation described in TPM which has similar features to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pharmacological evaluations are in line with the therapeutic activities of several plants mentioned in TPM, mostly through antiviral, cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. Amongst the primarily-introduced medicinal plants from TPM, rhubarb, licorice, garlic, saffron, galangal, and clove are the most studied plants and represent candidates for clinical studies. The antiviral compounds isolated from these plants provide novel molecular structures to design new semisynthetic antiviral agents. Future clinical studies in healthy volunteers as well as patients suffering from pulmonary infections are necessary to confirm the safety and efficacy of these plants as complementary and integrative interventions in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roodabeh Bahramsoltani
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Roja Rahimi, ;
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21
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1: A Potential Target to Treat Acute Lung Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8871476. [PMID: 33282113 PMCID: PMC7685819 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8871476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an acute hypoxic respiratory insufficiency caused by various intra- and extrapulmonary injury factors. Presently, excessive inflammation in the lung and the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells are considered to be the key factors in the pathogenesis of ALI. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is an oxygen-dependent conversion activator that is closely related to the activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS). HIF-1 has been shown to play an important role in ALI and can be used as a potential therapeutic target for ALI. This manuscript will introduce the progress of HIF-1 in ALI and explore the feasibility of applying inhibitors of HIF-1 to ALI, which brings hope for the treatment of ALI.
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22
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Ren X, Han L, Li Y, Zhao H, Zhang Z, Zhuang Y, Zhong M, Wang Q, Ma W, Wang Y. Isorhamnetin attenuates TNF-α-induced inflammation, proliferation, and migration in human bronchial epithelial cells via MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020; 304:901-913. [PMID: 32865318 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Isorhamnetin has distinct anti-inflammatory activity and inhibits cell proliferation and migration. These effects are also involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. However, the effect of isorhamnetin on bronchial epithelial cells in patients with asthma has not been examined. Cells of human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B were cultured with isorhamnetin and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The effects of isorhamnetin on BEAS-2B cell viability were assessed using CCK8 assay. The EdU (5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine) cell proliferation assay was performed to assess cell proliferation. BEAS-2B cell migration was measured using Transwell and wound healing assays. Real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were conducted to measure the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Protein expression levels were determined by western blotting. Immunofluorescence was used to detect nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). We found that isorhamnetin at 20 and 40 μM reduced the proliferation of BEAS-2B cells induced by TNF-α. Isorhamnetin significantly decreased the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 in BEAS-2B cells induced by TNF-α. Additionally, 10 μM isorhamnetin effectively reduced cell migration induced by TNF-α. Treatment with isorhamnetin inhibited the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB pathways induced by TNF-α. In summary, isorhamnetin inhibited the inflammation, proliferation, and migration of BEAS-2B cells by regulating the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways and is a drug candidate for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Ren
- The First Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Longyin Han
- The First Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongxing Li
- The First Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanyi Zhao
- The First Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziyin Zhang
- The First Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuerong Zhuang
- The First Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- The First Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Encephalology, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Wuhua Ma
- The First Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- The First Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Chrysophanol Mitigates T Cell Activation by Regulating the Expression of CD40 Ligand in Activated T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176122. [PMID: 32854357 PMCID: PMC7504217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Since T lymphocytes act as mediators between innate and acquired immunity, playing a crucial role in chronic inflammation, regulation of T cell activation to suitable levels is important. Chrysophanol, a member of the anthraquinone family, is known to possess several bioactivities, including anti-microbial, anti-cancer, and hepatoprotective activities, however, little information is available on the inhibitory effects of chrysophanol on T cell activation. To elucidate whether chrysophanol regulates the activity of T cells, IL-2 expression in activated Jurkat T cells pretreated with chrysophanol was assessed. We showed that chrysophanol is not cytotoxic to Jurkat T cells under culture conditions using RPMI (Rosewell Park Memorial Institute) medium. Pretreatment with chrysophanol inhibited IL-2 production in T cells stimulated by CD3/28 antibodies or SEE-loaded Raji B cells. We also demonstrated that chrysophanol suppressed the expression of the CD40 ligand (CD40L) in activated T cells, and uncontrolled conjugation between B cells by pretreatment with chrysophanol reduced T cell activation. Besides, treatment with chrysophanol of Jurkat T cells blocked the NFκB signaling pathway, resulting in the abrogation of MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) in activated T cells. These results provide novel insights into the suppressive effect of chrysophanol on T cell activation through the regulation of CD40L expression in T cell receptor-mediated stimulation conditions.
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24
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Ye T, Gao HW, Xuan WT, Ye S, Zhou P, Li XQ, Wang Y, Song H, Liu YY, Cai B. The Regulating Mechanism of Chrysophanol on Protein Level of CaM-CaMKIV to Protect PC12 Cells Against Aβ 25-35-Induced Damage. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:2715-2723. [PMID: 32764873 PMCID: PMC7381772 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s245128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effect of chrysophanol (CHR) on PC12 treated with Aβ25-35, and the involved mechanism. Methods After the establishment of an AD cell model induced by Aβ25-35, the cell survival rate was detected by MTT, cell apoptosis was assayed by Hoechst 33342 staining, mRNA expressions of calmodulin (CaM), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMKIV) and tau (MAPT; commonly known as tau) were determined by qRT-PCR, and protein levels of CaM, CaMKK, CaMKIV, phospho-CaMKIV (p-CaMKIV), tau and phospho-tau (p-tau) were detected by Western blot analysis. Results When pretreated with CHR before exposure to Aβ25-35, PC12 cells showed that increased cell viability and reduced apoptosis. The qRT-PCR results indicated that the deposition of Aβ25-35 triggers a decrease in levels of CaM, CaMKK, CaMKIV, and tau in PC12 cells. In addition, Western blot results also suggested that Aβ25-35 decreases the protein expression of CaM, CaMKK, CaMKIV, p-CaMKIV, and the ratio of p-tau to tau in PC12 cells. However, the above effects were significantly alleviated after the treatment of CHR. Conclusion CHR plays a neuroprotective role in AD though decreasing the protein level of CaM-CaMKK-CaMKIV and the expression of p-tau downstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ye
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Wu Gao
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ting Xuan
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Ye
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Quan Li
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Song
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Yan Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Cai
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
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25
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Chang J, Gao J, Lou L, Chu H, Li P, Chen T, Gao F. Xanthatin alleviates airway inflammation in asthmatic mice by regulating the STAT3/NF-κB signaling pathway. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2020; 281:103491. [PMID: 32653534 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2020.103491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Here, we aimed to investigate the role of Xanthatin in asthma and its underlying mechanism. BALB/c mice were treated with ovalbumin (OVA) to establis a mouse model of asthma. Our results showed that OVA injection significantly increased inflammatory cell infiltration and goblet cell hyperplasia in lung issues, while Xanthatin treatment and STAT3 inhibitor C188-9 administration relieved these symptoms. Moreover, OVA-induced OVA-specific immunoglobulin E level in serum and the number of total cell, macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were markedly reduced by Xanthatin treatment and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibition. Additionally, Xanthatin treatment and STAT3 inhibition was also significantly decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines in BALF in asthmatic mice. We further demonstrated that the STAT3/nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) pathway was blocked by Xanthatin in asthmatic mice. Overall, we conclude that Xanthatin attenuates airway inflammation in asthmatic mice through blocking the STAT3/NFκB signaling pathway, indicating the potential of Xanthatin as a useful therapeutic agent for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxia Chang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianan Gao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Lou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Heying Chu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
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26
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Xu Z, Meng L, Xie Y, Guo W. lncRNA PCGEM1 strengthens anti-inflammatory and lung protective effects of montelukast sodium in children with cough-variant asthma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 53:e9271. [PMID: 32520202 PMCID: PMC7296716 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20209271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Montelukast sodium is an effective and well-tolerated anti-asthmatic drug. Long
non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the treatment of asthma. Therefore,
this study aimed to investigate the effect of montelukast sodium on children
with cough-variant asthma (CVA) and the role of lncRNA prostate cancer gene
expression marker 1 (PCGEM1) in drug efficacy. The efficacy of montelukast
sodium was evaluated by assessing the release of inflammatory factors and
pulmonary function in CVA children after a 3-month treatment. An ovalbumin
(OVA)-sensitized mouse model was developed to simulate asthmatic conditions.
PCGEM1 expression in clinical peripheral blood samples and lung tissues of
asthmatic mice was determined. Asthmatic mice experienced nasal inhalation of
PCGEM1 overexpression with simultaneous montelukast sodium to investigate the
roles of PCGEM1 in asthma treatment. The NF-κB axis after PCGEM1 overexpression
was detected to explore the underling mechanisms. Consequently, montelukast
sodium contributed to reduced levels of pro-inflammatory factors and improved
pulmonary function in CVA children. PCGEM1 was poorly expressed in
OVA-sensitized asthmatic mice and highly expressed in CVA children with response
to the treatment. PCGEM1 overexpression enhanced the anti-inflammatory effects
and promoted effects on pulmonary function of montelukast sodium in CVA children
and OVA-sensitized asthmatic mice. Furthermore, PCGEM1 inhibited the activation
of the NF-κB axis. This study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and
lung-protective effects of montelukast sodium on CVA, which was strengthened by
overexpression of PCGEM1. Findings in this study highlighted a potential
anti-asthmatic target of montelukast sodium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Meng
- Pulmonary Function Test Room of Children, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuejuan Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, China
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Dang X, He B, Ning Q, Liu Y, Chang Y, Chen M. Suppression of TRIM8 by microRNA-182-5p restricts tumor necrosis factor-α-induced proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells through inactivation of NF-Κb. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 83:106475. [PMID: 32283508 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical modulators involved in the regulation of airway remodeling in asthma. MicroRNA-182-5p (miR-182-5p) has been reported as a key miRNA in regulating the proliferation and migration of various cell types, and its dysfunction contributes is implicated in a wide range of pathological processes. Yet, it remains unknown whether miR-182-5p modulates the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells during asthma. In the present study, we aimed to determine the potential role of miR-182-5p in regulating the proliferation and migration of ASM cells induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in vitro. We found that TNF-α stimulation markedly reduced miR-182-5p expression in ASM cells. Gain-of-function experiments showed that miR-182-5p upregulation suppressed the proliferation and migration of ASM cells induced by TNF-α. By contrast, miR-182-5p inhibition had the opposite effect. Notably, tripartite motif 8 (TRIM8) was identified as a target gene of miR-182-5p. TRIM8 expression was induced by TNF-α stimulation, and TRIM8 knockdown markedly impeded TNF-α-induced ASM cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, miR-182-5p overexpression or TRIM8 knockdown significantly downregulated the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) induced by TNF-α. However, TRIM8 restoration partially reversed the miR-182-5p-mediated inhibitory effect on TNF-α-induced ASM cell proliferation and migration. In conclusion, our study indicates that miR-182-5p restricts TNF-α-induced ASM cell proliferation and migration through downregulation of NF-κB activation via targeting TRIM8. The results of our study highlight the potential importance of the miR-182-5p/TRIM8/NF-κB axis in the airway remodeling of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Dang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Beibei He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qian Ning
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
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28
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Li X, Shan C, Wu Z, Yu H, Yang A, Tan B. Emodin alleviated pulmonary inflammation in rats with LPS-induced acute lung injury through inhibiting the mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:365-373. [PMID: 32130427 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01331-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN This study aimed to investigate the anti-pulmonary inflammation effect of emodin on Wistar rats with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and RAW264.7 cells through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway. SUBJECTS Wistar rats and RAW264.7 cells were studied. TREATMENT LPS was used to induce inflammation in rats or RAW264.7 cells and emodin was given once a day before LPS stimulation and continued for a certain number of days. METHODS Lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected for the in vivo experiment, while cells and supernatant were collected for the in vitro experiment. Pathological changes in the lung tissues were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The levels of inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of p-mTOR, HIF-1α, and VEGF proteins were measured by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. The mRNA levels of p70S6K, eIF4E-BP1, and eIF4E were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Emodin ameliorated pathological changes and infiltrated inflammatory cells in LPS-induced ALI. It also significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, in BALF and downregulated the expression of p-mTOR, HIF-1α, and VEGF proteins in the lung tissues. Similar anti-inflammatory effects and the downregulation of the mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway were found in RAW264.7 cells. The mRNA levels of p70S6K, eIF4E-BP1, and eIF4E also decreased in the macrophages. CONCLUSION Emodin alleviated LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation in rat lung tissues and RAW264.7 cells through inhibiting the mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway, which accounted for the therapeutic effects of emodin on ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Li
- Research Centre on Application of Classical Prescriptions, Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Department of Febrile Disease, Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Cong Shan
- Research Centre on Application of Classical Prescriptions, Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Department of Febrile Disease, Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhonghua Wu
- Research Centre on Application of Classical Prescriptions, Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Department of Febrile Disease, Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongji Yu
- Research Centre on Application of Classical Prescriptions, Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Department of Febrile Disease, Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Aidong Yang
- Research Centre on Application of Classical Prescriptions, Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China. .,Department of Febrile Disease, Basic Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Bo Tan
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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29
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Lou L, Tian M, Chang J, Li F, Zhang G. MiRNA-192-5p attenuates airway remodeling and autophagy in asthma by targeting MMP-16 and ATG7. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 122:109692. [PMID: 31918268 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic lung inflammatory disease with high incidence. MicroRNA-192-5p (miR-192-5p) was down-regulated in asthmatics. However, the role of miR-192-5p in asthma is still unclear. In current study, in vitro, the overexpression of miR-192-5p, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-16 and autophagy related 7 (ATG7) was conducted in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). We found that miR-192-5p suppressed cell proliferation, and decreased MMP-16 and ATG7 expression. MMP-16 and ATG7 promoted cell proliferation, and further alleviated the down-regulation of miR-192-5p on proliferation of ASMCs. in vivo, miR-192-5p was down-regulated in asthma mice, and involved in improvement of asthma mice. MiR-192-5p was demonstrated to alleviate inflammation in asthma mice, including decreasing the level of ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgE, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, iNOS and COX-2. Moreover, the attenuation of airway remodeling induced by miR-192-5p in asthma mice were expressed by the reduction of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) level, decrease in concentrations of MMP-2 and MMP-9 as well as down-regulation of collagen I deposition. Further, miR-192-5p also caused the suppression of autophagy in asthma mice, exhibiting a decrease in LC3II/I, beclin-1 and ATG7, and an increase in p62. Importantly, MMP-16 and ATG7 were confirmed to be targets of miR-192-5p. Therefore, our results indicate that miRNA-192-5p may attenuate airway remodeling and autophagy in asthma via targeting MMP-16 and ATG7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Lou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Mengyuan Tian
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | - Jingxia Chang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
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30
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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Chrysophanol suppresses growth and metastasis
of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia via miR-9/PD-L1 axis. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:273-286. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01778-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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31
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Zhang J, Wang Q, Wang Q, Guo P, Wang Y, Xing Y, Zhang M, Liu F, Zeng Q. Chrysophanol exhibits anti-cancer activities in lung cancer cell through regulating ROS/HIF-1a/VEGF signaling pathway. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:469-480. [PMID: 31655854 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01746-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we explored the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenesis effects of chrysophanol, and to investigate the underlying mechanism of the chrysophanol on anti-tumor and anti-angiogenesis in human lung cancer. The viability of cells was measured by CCK-8 assay, cell apoptosis was measured by Annexin-FITC/PI staining assay, and the cell migration and invasion were analyzed by wound-healing assay and transwell assay. ROS generation and mitochondrial membrane potential were analyzed by DCFH-DA probe and mitochondrial staining kit. Angiogenesis was analyzed by tube formation assay. The expression of CD31 was analyzed by immunofluorescence. The levels of proteins were measured by western blot assay. The anti-tumor effects of chrysophanol in vivo were detected by established xenograft mice model. In this study, we found that the cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tube formation, the mitochondrial membrane potential, and the expression of CD31 were inhibited by chrysophanol in a dose-dependent manner, but cell apoptotic ratios and ROS levels were increased by chrysophanol in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the effects of chrysophanol on A549, H738, and HUVEC cell apoptotic rates were reversed by the ROS inhibitor NAC. Besides, the effects of chrysophanol on HUVEC cell tube formation were reversed by the HIF-1α inhibitor KC7F2 and the VEGF inhibitor axitinib in vitro. Moreover, tumor growth was reduced by chrysophanol, and the expression of CD31, CD34, and angiogenin was suppressed by chrysophanol in vivo. Our finding demonstrated that chrysophanol is a highly effective and low-toxic drug for inhibition of tumor growth especially in high vascularized lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Yuqing Xing
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Fujun Liu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Qingyun Zeng
- Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, Shandong, China.
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