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Cai X, Wu J, Lian Y, Yang S, Xue Q, Li D, Wu D. Characterization and Discrimination of Marigold Oleoresin from Different Origins Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined Molecular Networking and Multivariate Statistical Analysis. Metabolites 2024; 14:225. [PMID: 38668353 PMCID: PMC11051770 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Marigold oleoresin is an oil-soluble natural colorant mainly extracted from marigold flowers. Xinjiang of China, India, and Zambia of Africa are the three main production areas of marigold flowers. Therefore, this study utilized ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) technology, combined with Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) and multivariate statistical analysis, for the qualitative and discriminant analysis of marigold oleoresin obtained from three different regions. Firstly, 83 compounds were identified in these marigold oleoresin samples. Furthermore, the results of a principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) indicated significant differences in the chemical compositions of the marigold oleoresin samples from different regions. Finally, 12, 23, and 38 differential metabolites were, respectively, identified by comparing the marigold oleoresin from Africa with Xinjiang, Africa with India, and Xinjiang with India. In summary, these results can be used to distinguish marigold oleoresin samples from different regions, laying a solid foundation for further quality control and providing a theoretical basis for assessing its safety and nutritional aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfu Cai
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co., Ltd., Handan 057250, China (Y.L.)
| | - Juanjuan Wu
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co., Ltd., Handan 057250, China (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Plant Resources in Hebei Province, Handan 057250, China
| | - Yunhe Lian
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co., Ltd., Handan 057250, China (Y.L.)
| | - Shuaiyao Yang
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co., Ltd., Handan 057250, China (Y.L.)
| | - Qiang Xue
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group HanDan Co., Ltd., Handan 056000, China
| | - Dewang Li
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co., Ltd., Handan 057250, China (Y.L.)
| | - Di Wu
- Chenguang Biological Technology Group Co., Ltd., Handan 057250, China (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Plant Resources in Hebei Province, Handan 057250, China
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Quintanilla-Casas B, Strocchi G, Bustamante J, Torres-Cobos B, Guardiola F, Moreda W, Martínez-Rivas JM, Valli E, Bendini A, Toschi TG, Tres A, Vichi S. Large-scale evaluation of shotgun triacylglycerol profiling for the fast detection of olive oil adulteration. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Triacylglycerols in edible oils: Determination, characterization, quantitation, chemometric approach and evaluation of adulterations. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1515:1-16. [PMID: 28801042 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vegetable oils are a dietary source of lipids that constitute an essential component of a healthy diet. The commonly used vegetable oils differ significantly for their triacylglycerol (TAG) profile. TAGs represent the principal components of oils and may contain different fatty acids (FA) esterified with glycerol leading to several positional isomers. To differentiate individual TAGs species in edible oils, advanced analysis systems and innovative methods are therefore required. TAGs can be considered as good fingerprints for quality control and many studies have been performed to develop rapid and low cost analytical methods to determinate the authenticity, origin and eventually evidence frauds or adulterations. The present manuscript provides a general overview on the most common vegetable oils TAGs compositions and on the related analytical methodologies recently used. Finally, the chemometric applications developed to assess the authenticity, quality and botanical origin of various edible oils are discussed.
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Kostyukevich Y, Borisova L, Kononikhin A, Popov I, Kukaev E, Nikolaev E. Thermal desorption combined with atmospheric pressure photo ionization for the analysis of volatile compounds and its possible applications. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2016; 22:313-317. [PMID: 27900861 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report an approach to study volatile organic compounds based on thermal desorption combined with atmospheric pressure photo ionization. The approach allows the sequential evaporation of different fractions of the sample, which simplifies the mass spectrum. We have applied the developed method for the detection of petroleum in vegetable oil. We have shown that in the negative mode, ions of fatty acids corresponding to vegetable oil dominates, while in the positive mode under relatively low temperature the light fraction of petroleum rapidly evaporates making it easy detectable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury Kostyukevich
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Novaya St., 100, Skolkovo 143025 Russian Federation and Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Leninskij pr. 38 k.2, 119334 Moscow, Russia and Emanuel Institute for Biochemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Kosygina st. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, Russia.
| | - Ludmila Borisova
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Miasnitskaya Ulitsa, Moscow 101000, Russia
| | - Alexey Kononikhin
- Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Leninskij pr. 38 k.2, 119334 Moscow, Russia and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Igor Popov
- Emanuel Institute for Biochemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Kosygina st. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Eugene Kukaev
- Emanuel Institute for Biochemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Kosygina st. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Eugene Nikolaev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Novaya St., 100, Skolkovo 143025 Russian Federation and Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Leninskij pr. 38 k.2, 119334 Moscow, Russia and Emanuel Institute for Biochemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Kosygina st. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, Russia
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6
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NARP-HPLC/MS5 and silver cationization fingerprinting of triacylglycerols in wild and cultivar Tunisian peanut kernels. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Vichi S, Cortés-Francisco N, Caixach J. Ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry and accurate mass measurements for high-throughput food lipids profiling. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2012; 47:1177-1190. [PMID: 22972786 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, accurate mass measurements by ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry with Orbitrap-Exactive working at resolving power R: 100,000 (m/z 200, full width at half maximum) with an accuracy better than 2 ppm in all the mass range (m/z 200 to 2000) were used to show a detailed molecular composition of diverse edible oils and fats. Flow injection was used to introduce samples into the mass spectrometer, obtaining a complete analysis of each sample in less than 10 min, including blanks. Meticulous choice of organic solvents and optimization of the ion source and Orbitrap mass analyzer parameters were carried out, in order to achieve reproducible mass spectra giving reliable elemental compositions of the lipid samples and to prevent carry over. More than 200 elemental compositions attributable to diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols (TAGs), and their oxidation products have been found in the spectra of food lipids from different origin. Several compounds with very close molecular mass could only be resolved through ultrahigh resolution, allowing detailed and robust TAG profiling with a high characterization potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Vichi
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, XaRTA (Catalonian Reference Network on Food Technology), Pharmaceutical Faculty, University of Barcelona, Avda Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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Vichi S, Lazzez A, Grati-Kamoun N, Caixach J. Modifications in virgin olive oil glycerolipid fingerprint during olive ripening by MALDI-TOF MS analysis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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9
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On-line two dimensional liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry for the analysis of triacylglycerides in peanut oil and mouse tissue. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 895-896:48-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Sánchez-Hernández L, Nozal L, Marina ML, Crego AL. Determination of nonprotein amino acids and betaines in vegetable oils by flow injection triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry: a screening method for the detection of adulterations of olive oils. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:896-903. [PMID: 22229859 DOI: 10.1021/jf202857y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel screening method using an automated flow injection electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry system is proposed for the simultaneous determination of five nonprotein amino acids (β-alanine, alloisoleucine, ornithine, citrulline, pyroglutamic acid) and three betaines (glycine betaine, trigonelline, proline betaine) after derivatization with butanolic HCl. MS/MS experiments were carried out in a triple-quadrupole instrument using multiple reaction monitoring mode in <2 min. The proposed method provided high fingerprinting power to identify the presence of five of the studied compounds in different types of vegetable oils (soybean, sunflower, corn, olive) with LODs at parts per billion levels. The method was validated, and different mixtures of extra virgin olive oil with seed oils were analyzed, achieving the typification for the detection of adulterations in extra virgin olive oils up to 2% w/w. The nonprotein amino acid ornithine was confirmed as a marker for adulteration in the olive oils analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sánchez-Hernández
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
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11
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Herrero M, Simó C, García-Cañas V, Ibáñez E, Cifuentes A. Foodomics: MS-based strategies in modern food science and nutrition. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2012; 31:49-69. [PMID: 21374694 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Modern research in food science and nutrition is moving from classical methodologies to advanced analytical strategies in which MS-based techniques play a crucial role. In this context, Foodomics has been recently defined as a new discipline that studies food and nutrition domains through the application of advanced omics technologies in which MS techniques are considered indispensable. Applications of Foodomics include the genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and/or metabolomic study of foods for compound profiling, authenticity, and/or biomarker-detection related to food quality or safety; the development of new transgenic foods, food contaminants, and whole toxicity studies; new investigations on food bioactivity, food effects on human health, etc. This review work does not intend to provide an exhaustive revision of the many works published so far on food analysis using MS techniques. The aim of the present work is to provide an overview of the different MS-based strategies that have been (or can be) applied in the new field of Foodomics, discussing their advantages and drawbacks. Besides, some ideas about the foreseen development and applications of MS-techniques in this new discipline are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Herrero
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC, Nicolas Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Cozzolino R, De Giulio B. Application of ESI and MALDI-TOF MS for triacylglycerols analysis in edible oils. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201000429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Multivariate analysis of HT/GC-(IT)MS chromatographic profiles of triacylglycerol for classification of olive oil varieties. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:2093-103. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4423-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Revised: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Bou Khalil M, Hou W, Zhou H, Elisma F, Swayne LA, Blanchard AP, Yao Z, Bennett SAL, Figeys D. Lipidomics era: accomplishments and challenges. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2010; 29:877-929. [PMID: 20931646 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Lipid mediators participate in signal transduction pathways, proliferation, apoptosis, and membrane trafficking in the cell. Lipids are highly complex and diverse owing to the various combinations of polar headgroups, fatty acyl chains, and backbone structures. This structural diversity continues to pose a challenge for lipid analysis. Here we review the current state of the art in lipidomics research and discuss the challenges facing this field. The latest technological developments in mass spectrometry, the role of bioinformatics, and the applications of lipidomics in lipid metabolism and cellular physiology and pathology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroun Bou Khalil
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
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Mazerolles G, Preys S, Bouchut C, Meudec E, Fulcrand H, Souquet JM, Cheynier V. Combination of several mass spectrometry ionization modes: a multiblock analysis for a rapid characterization of the red wine polyphenolic composition. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 678:195-202. [PMID: 20888452 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2010] [Revised: 07/17/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, direct flow injection mass spectrometry was investigated for rapid characterization of the polyphenolic composition of red wines. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) (in both positive and negative ion modes) have been simultaneously used for a more comprehensive analysis of the samples studied. In this way, four mass spectra have been recorded for each wine. Each spectrum was considered as a fingerprint related to the chemical composition. This methodology was applied to a large number of Beaujolais wines from different grades and different vintages. This data set was processed using a chemometrical multiblock analysis, which allowed to synthesize the whole information collected. The results obtained showed that the wine fingerprints address the composition of the main polyphenolic compounds present in the red wines and can discriminate groups of wines showing different polyphenolic compositions. Multiblock analysis appears as a very promising tool to deal with several data tables of multivariate signals in order to define, by combining the whole information, the best operating protocol according to the desired analytical objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mazerolles
- UMR 1083 Sciences pour l'Oenologie, INRA, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France.
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Law WS, Chen HW, Balabin R, Berchtold C, Meier L, Zenobi R. Rapid fingerprinting and classification of extra virgin olive oil by microjet sampling and extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Analyst 2010; 135:773-8. [PMID: 20309449 DOI: 10.1039/b924156f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Microjet sampling in combination with extractive electrospray ionization (EESI) mass spectrometry (MS) was applied to the rapid characterization and classification of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) without any sample pretreatment. When modifying the composition of the primary ESI spray solvent, mass spectra of an identical EVOO sample showed differences. This demonstrates the capability of this technique to extract molecules with varying polarities, hence generating rich molecular information of the EVOO. Moreover, with the aid of microjet sampling, compounds of different volatilities (e.g.E-2-hexenal, trans-trans-2,4-heptadienal, tyrosol and caffeic acid) could be sampled simultaneously. EVOO data was also compared with that of other edible oils. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to discriminate EVOO and EVOO adulterated with edible oils. Microjet sampling EESI-MS was found to be a simple, rapid (less than 2 min analysis time per sample) and powerful method to obtain MS fingerprints of EVOO without requiring any complicated sample pretreatment steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Siang Law
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Yoshioka N, Akiyama Y, Matsuoka T, Mitsuhashi T. Rapid determination of five post-harvest fungicides and metabolite in citrus fruits by liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure photoionization. Food Control 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2009.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Azadmard-Damirchi S. Review of the use of phytosterols as a detection tool for adulteration of olive oil with hazelnut oil. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2010; 27:1-10. [DOI: 10.1080/02652030903225773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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García-Reyes JF, Mazzoti F, Harper JD, Charipar NA, Oradu S, Ouyang Z, Sindona G, Cooks RG. Direct olive oil analysis by low-temperature plasma (LTP) ambient ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:3057-3062. [PMID: 19705382 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A fast, reagentless, and direct method is presented for the mass spectrometric analysis of olive oil without any sample pretreatment whatsoever. An ambient ionization technique, the low-temperature plasma (LTP) probe, based on dielectric barrier discharge, is used to detect both minor and trace components (free fatty acids, phenolics and volatiles) in raw untreated olive oil. The method allows the measurement of free fatty acids (the main quality control parameter used to grade olive oil according to quality classes), selected bioactive phenolic compounds, and volatiles. The advantages and limitations of the direct analysis of extremely complex mixtures by the ambient ionization/tandem mass spectrometry combination are discussed and illustrated. The data presage the possible large-scale application of direct mass spectrometric analysis methods in the characterization of olive oil and other foodstuffs.
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Lísa M, Holcapek M, Bohác M. Statistical evaluation of triacylglycerol composition in plant oils based on high-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry data. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:6888-6898. [PMID: 19588978 DOI: 10.1021/jf901189u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The statistical evaluation of triacylglycerol profiles in plant oils based on high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) analysis enables the differentiation of various plant oils on the basis of the multidimensional data matrix. A data set of 93 oil samples from 60 varieties of plants composed from 355 triacylglycerols is evaluated using the principal component analysis. Analyzed samples are resolved in the principal component analysis plot, and similarities among some types of plant oils are visualized by the formation of clusters. The authentication of plant oils is tested with model samples of olive oil adulterated with sunflower oil at different concentration levels. Our HPLC/MS method using the statistical multivariate data analysis of a large data matrix enables a clear identification of adulterated olive oils already from 1% of added sunflower oil as an adulterant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Lísa
- University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Studentska 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
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Vaclavik L, Cajka T, Hrbek V, Hajslova J. Ambient mass spectrometry employing direct analysis in real time (DART) ion source for olive oil quality and authenticity assessment. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 645:56-63. [PMID: 19481631 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2009] [Revised: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 04/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach for the authentication of olive oil samples representing different quality grades has been developed. A new type of ion source, direct analysis in real time (DART), coupled to a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOFMS) was employed for the comprehensive profiling of triacylglycerols (TAGs) and/or polar compounds extracted with a methanol-water mixture. The main parameters influencing the ionization efficiency of TAGs were the type of sample solvent, degree of sample dilution, ion beam temperature, and presence of a dopant (ammonia vapors). The ionization yield of polar compounds depended mainly on a content of water in the extract and ion beam temperature. Using DART-TOFMS, not only differentiation among extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), olive pomace oil (OPO) and olive oil (OO) could be easily achieved, but also EVOO adulteration with commonly used adulterant, hazelnut oil (HO), was feasible. Based on the linear discriminant analysis (LDA), the introduced method allowed detection of HO addition of 6 and 15% (v/v) when assessing DART-TOFMS mass profiles of polar compounds and TAGs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Vaclavik
- Institute of Chemical Technology Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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22
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State-of-the-art in atmospheric pressure photoionization for LC/MS. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 627:34-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2008] [Revised: 05/26/2008] [Accepted: 05/28/2008] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Capote FP, Jiménez JR, de Castro MDL. Sequential (step-by-step) detection, identification and quantitation of extra virgin olive oil adulteration by chemometric treatment of chromatographic profiles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 388:1859-65. [PMID: 17611742 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1422-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2007] [Revised: 06/02/2007] [Accepted: 06/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An analytical method for the sequential detection, identification and quantitation of extra virgin olive oil adulteration with four edible vegetable oils--sunflower, corn, peanut and coconut oils--is proposed. The only data required for this method are the results obtained from an analysis of the lipid fraction by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total number of 566 samples (pure oils and samples of adulterated olive oil) were used to develop the chemometric models, which were designed to accomplish, step-by-step, the three aims of the method: to detect whether an olive oil sample is adulterated, to identify the type of adulterant used in the fraud, and to determine how much aldulterant is in the sample. Qualitative analysis was carried out via two chemometric approaches--soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) and K nearest neighbours (KNN)--both approaches exhibited prediction abilities that were always higher than 91% for adulterant detection and 88% for type of adulterant identification. Quantitative analysis was based on partial least squares regression (PLSR), which yielded R2 values of >0.90 for calibration and validation sets and thus made it possible to determine adulteration with excellent precision according to the Shenk criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Priego Capote
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Annex C-3 Building, Campus of Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
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24
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2006; 41:1654-1665. [PMID: 17136768 DOI: 10.1002/jms.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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