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Chen MM, Liao QH, Qian LL, Zou HD, Li YL, Song Y, Xia Y, Liu Y, Liu HY, Liu ZL. Effects of Geographical Origin and Tree Age on the Stable Isotopes and Multi-Elements of Pu-erh Tea. Foods 2024; 13:473. [PMID: 38338610 PMCID: PMC10855849 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pu-erh tea is a famous tea worldwide, and identification of the geographical origin of Pu-erh tea can not only protect manufacture's interests, but also boost consumers' confidence. However, tree age may also influence the fingerprints of Pu-erh tea. In order to study the effects of the geographical origin and tree age on the interactions of stable isotopes and multi-elements of Pu-erh tea, 53 Pu-erh tea leaves with three different age stages from three different areas in Yunnan were collected in 2023. The δ13C, δ15N values and 25 elements were determined and analyzed. The results showed that δ13C, δ15N, Mg, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu had significant differences among different geographical origins (p < 0.05). Mn content was significantly influenced by region and tree age interaction. Based on multi-way analysis of variance, principal component analysis and step-wised discriminant analysis, 24 parameters were found to be closely related to the geographical origin rather than tree age, and the geographical origin of Pu-erh tea can be 100.0% discriminated in cross-validation with six parameters (δ13C, δ15N, Mn, Mg, La, and Tb). The study could provide references for the establishment of a database for the traceability of Pu-erh tea, and even the identification of tea sample regions with different tree ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Chen
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; (M.-M.C.); (Q.-H.L.); (H.-D.Z.); (Y.-L.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.X.); (Y.L.)
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China;
| | - Qiu-Hong Liao
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; (M.-M.C.); (Q.-H.L.); (H.-D.Z.); (Y.-L.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Li-Li Qian
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China;
| | - Hai-Dan Zou
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; (M.-M.C.); (Q.-H.L.); (H.-D.Z.); (Y.-L.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan-Long Li
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; (M.-M.C.); (Q.-H.L.); (H.-D.Z.); (Y.-L.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Song
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; (M.-M.C.); (Q.-H.L.); (H.-D.Z.); (Y.-L.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yu Xia
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; (M.-M.C.); (Q.-H.L.); (H.-D.Z.); (Y.-L.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yi Liu
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; (M.-M.C.); (Q.-H.L.); (H.-D.Z.); (Y.-L.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; (M.-M.C.); (Q.-H.L.); (H.-D.Z.); (Y.-L.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ze-Long Liu
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 102488, China
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