1
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Tang Y, Van Parys M, Walker A, Drelick A, Liang X, Dean B, Chen L. A universal surrogate matrix assay for urea measurement in clinical pharmacokinetic studies of respiratory diseases. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5713. [PMID: 37544926 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
In pharmacokinetic studies for respiratory diseases, urea is a commonly used dilution marker for volume normalization of various biological matrices, owing to the fact that urea diffuses freely throughout the body and is minimally affected by disease states. In this study, we developed a convenient liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) surrogate matrix assay for accurate urea quantitation in plasma, serum and epithelial lining fluid. Different mass spectrometer platforms and ionization modes were compared in parallel. The LC method and mass spectrometer parameters were comprehensively optimized to reduce interferences, to smooth the baseline and to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio. Saline was selected as the surrogate matrix, and its suitability was confirmed by good parallelism and accurate quality control sample measurements. Reliable and robust assay performance was demonstrated by precision and accuracy, dilution integrity, sensitivity, recovery and stability, all of which met bioanalysis requirements to support clinical studies. The assay performance was also verified and better understood by comparing it with a colorimetric assay and to a surrogate analyte assay. The newly developed surrogate matrix assay has the potential to be further expanded for urea quantitation in numerous physiological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tang
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael Van Parys
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, LabCorp Early Drug Development, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Abigail Walker
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, LabCorp Early Drug Development, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alexandra Drelick
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, LabCorp Early Drug Development, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Xiaorong Liang
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Brian Dean
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Liuxi Chen
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
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2
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Reilly PTA, Chakravorty S, Bailey CF, Obe FO, Huntley AP. Will the Digital Mass Filter Be the Next High-Resolution High-Mass Analyzer? JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2615-2620. [PMID: 34549585 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mass filter operation in higher stability zones is known to provide better resolution. Unfortunately, for sine driven instruments, higher stability zone operation reduces the accessible mass range and increases the degenerative effects of fringe fields. Conversely, digitally driven mass filters do not suffer from loss of mass range, and the fringe field effects do not increase significantly by switching stability zones because the AC voltage is always constant and the DC voltage is always zero. This work catalogues 12 stability zones that are accessible with the new digital waveform generation technology. These zones have theoretical baseline resolving powers that range from 22 to 1 300 000 with pseudopotential well depths that range from 3.5 to 43 V. Operation in higher stability zones also has the advantage of aligned axial stability wells. That alignment maximizes the pseudopotential well depth for each higher stability zone, making them more than an order of magnitude greater than the standard ∼0.2 V well of a sine filter operating in the first stability zone at unit resolution. Increased pseudopotential well depth correlates with better ion transmission and sensitivity. Our theoretical examination suggests that the digital mass filter can obtain both high resolution and high sensitivity with essentially unlimited mass range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T A Reilly
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Sumeet Chakravorty
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Conner F Bailey
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Fatima O Obe
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Adam P Huntley
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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3
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Chong YK, Ho CC, Leung SY, Lau SK, Woo PC. Clinical Mass Spectrometry in the Bioinformatics Era: A Hitchhiker's Guide. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2018; 16:316-334. [PMID: 30237866 PMCID: PMC6138949 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) is a sensitive, specific and versatile analytical technique in the clinical laboratory that has recently undergone rapid development. From initial use in metabolic profiling, it has matured into applications including clinical toxicology assays, target hormone and metabolite quantitation, and more recently, rapid microbial identification and antimicrobial resistance detection by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). In this mini-review, we first succinctly outline the basics of clinical mass spectrometry. Examples of hard ionization (electron ionization) and soft ionization (electrospray ionization, MALDI) are presented to demonstrate their clinical applications. Next, a conceptual discourse on mass selection and determination is presented: quadrupole mass filter, time-of-flight mass spectrometer and the Orbitrap; and MS/MS (tandem-in-space, tandem-in-time and data acquisition), illustrated with clinical examples. Current applications in (1) bacterial and fungal identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and phylogenetic classification, (2) general unknown urine toxicology screening and expanded new-born metabolic screening and (3) clinical metabolic profiling by gas chromatography are outlined. Finally, major limitations of MS-based techniques, including the technical challenges of matrix effect and isobaric interference; and novel challenges in the post-genomic era, such as protein molecular variants, are critically discussed from the perspective of service laboratories. Computer technology and structural biology have played important roles in the maturation of this field. MS-based techniques have the potential to replace current analytical techniques, and existing expertise and instrument will undergo rapid evolution. Significant automation and adaptation to regulatory requirements are underway. Mass spectrometry is unleashing its potentials in clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeow-Kuan Chong
- Hospital Authority Toxicology Reference Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital (PMH), Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Chemical Pathology and Medical Genetics, Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital (PMH), Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chi-Chun Ho
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Clinical Pathology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital (PYNEH), Hong Kong
- Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital (QMH), Hong Kong
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Shui-Yee Leung
- Department of Ocean Science, School of Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Susanna K.P. Lau
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Patrick C.Y. Woo
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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4
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Assessing Herb–Drug Interactions of Herbal Products With Therapeutic Agents for Metabolic Diseases: Analytical and Regulatory Perspectives. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64179-3.00009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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5
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Abstract
Bioanalysis is an important aspect of drug discovery process regardless of the chosen therapeutic area. There is a general misconception that bioanalysis is seldom important during the drug discovery process because there is no scrutiny of the data from a regulatory perspective. However, bioanalytical data gathered during the discovery stage enable several key decision(s) inclusive of termination of the program and/or creating adequate differentiation from the lead competitive molecules. The review covers various stage gate screens and experimental designs where bioanalytical data are extensively used for making an informed decision during the process of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramesh Mullangi
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Jubilant Biosys, Yeshwanthpur, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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6
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A critical evaluation of liquid chromatography with hybrid linear ion trap—Orbitrap mass spectrometry for the determination of acidic contaminants in wastewater effluents. J Chromatogr A 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Abstract
LC–MS has become the method-of-choice in small-molecule drug bioanalysis (molecular mass <800 Da) and is also increasingly being applied as an alternative to ligand-binding assays for the bioanalytical determination of biopharmaceuticals. Triple quadrupole MS is the established bioanalytical technique due to its unpreceded selectivity and sensitivity, but high-resolution accurate-mass MS is recently gaining ground due to its ability to provide simultaneous quantitative and qualitative analysis of drugs and their metabolites. This article discusses current trends in the field of bioanalytical LC–MS (until September 2012), and provides an overview of currently available commercial triple quadrupole MS and high-resolution LC–MS instruments as applied for the bioanalysis of small-molecule and biopharmaceutical drugs.
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Enjalbert Q, Simon R, Salvador A, Antoine R, Redon S, Ayhan MM, Darbour F, Chambert S, Bretonnière Y, Dugourd P, Lemoine J. Photo-SRM: laser-induced dissociation improves detection selectivity of Selected Reaction Monitoring mode. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:3375-3381. [PMID: 22002689 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) carried out on triple-quadrupole mass spectrometers coupled to liquid chromatography has been a reference method to develop quantitative analysis of small molecules in biological or environmental matrices for years and is currently emerging as a promising tool in clinical proteomic. However, sensitive assays in complex matrices are often hampered by the presence of co-eluted compounds that share redundant transitions with the target species. On-the-fly better selection of the precursor ion by high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) or increased quadrupole resolution is one way to escape from interferences. In the present work we document the potential interest of substituting classical gas-collision activation mode by laser-induced dissociation in the visible wavelength range to improve the specificity of the fragmentation step. Optimization of the laser beam pathway across the different quadrupoles to ensure high photo-dissociation yield in Q2 without detectable fragmentation in Q1 was assessed with sucrose tagged with a push-pull chromophore. Next, the proof of concept that photo-SRM ensures more specific detection than does conventional collision-induced dissociation (CID)-based SRM was carried out with oxytocin peptide. Oxytocin was derivatized by the thiol-reactive QSY® 7 C(5)-maleimide quencher on cysteine residues to shift its absorption property into the visible range. Photo-SRM chromatograms of tagged oxytocin spiked in whole human plasma digest showed better detection specificity and sensitivity than CID, that resulted in extended calibration curve linearity. We anticipate that photo-SRM might significantly improve the limit of quantification of classical SRM-based assays targeting cysteine-containing peptides.
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9
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Kane MA. Analysis, occurrence, and function of 9-cis-retinoic acid. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2011; 1821:10-20. [PMID: 21983272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic conversion of vitamin A (retinol) into retinoic acid (RA) controls numerous physiological processes. 9-cis-retinoic acid (9cRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, is a high affinity ligand for retinoid X receptor (RXR) and also activates retinoic acid receptor (RAR). Despite the identification of candidate enzymes that produce 9cRA and the importance of RXRs as established by knockout experiments, in vivo detection of 9cRA in tissue was elusive until recently when 9cRA was identified as an endogenous pancreas retinoid by validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methodology. This review will discuss the current status of the analysis, occurrence, and function of 9cRA. Understanding both the nuclear receptor-mediated and non-genomic mechanisms of 9cRA will aid in the elucidation of disease physiology and possibly lead to the development of new retinoid-based therapeutics. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Retinoid and Lipid Metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen A Kane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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10
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Cahill MG, Caprioli G, Stack M, Vittori S, James KJ. Semi-automated liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method for basic pesticides in wastewater effluents. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:587-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4781-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Revised: 02/05/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Chernetsova ES, Koryakova AG. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for studying new pharmaceutical entities. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934810140029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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On-line solid phase extraction fast liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of bisphenol A and its chlorinated derivatives in water samples. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:3511-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Kline KG, Finney GL, Wu CC. Quantitative strategies to fuel the merger of discovery and hypothesis-driven shotgun proteomics. BRIEFINGS IN FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS AND PROTEOMICS 2009; 8:114-25. [PMID: 19398505 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elp008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The ultimate goal of most shotgun proteomic pipelines is the discovery of novel biomarkers to direct the development of quantitative diagnostics for the detection and treatment of disease. Differential comparisons of biological samples identify candidate peptides that can serve as proxys of candidate proteins. While these discovery approaches are robust and fairly comprehensive, they have relatively low throughput. When merged with targeted mass spectrometry, this pipeline can fuel hypothesis-driven studies and the development of novel diagnostics and therapeutics.
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14
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Yu H, Straubinger RM, Cao J, Wang H, Qu J. Ultra-sensitive quantification of paclitaxel using selective solid-phase extraction in conjunction with reversed-phase capillary liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1210:160-7. [PMID: 18834593 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2008] [Revised: 09/10/2008] [Accepted: 09/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The ability to quantify ultra-low concentrations of biologically active compounds in biological matrices is essential for the study of pharmacological/toxicological effects occurring at low doses. Selective solid-phase extraction (SPE) was combined with highly sensitive capillary LC (microLC)-MS/MS analysis to achieve ultra-sensitive quantification of the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel in cancer cells. The optimized SPE selectively extracted paclitaxel and eliminated undesirable matrix compounds, thus enabling a high sample loading volume on the microLC column without compromising chromatographic performance and operational robustness. The validated lower limit of quantification (LOQ) was 5pg/mL, approx. 20-fold more sensitive than published LC-MS/MS methods. The calibration curve was linear over the range of 5-6250pg/mL. Accuracy was 98-109% and the variation (CV%) was 2.3-7.4%. This method was applied successfully to quantify temporal drug accumulation by A121a ovarian cancer cells treated with sub-ng/mL concentrations of paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoying Yu
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-1200, USA
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15
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Vainchtein LD, Rosing H, Mirejovsky D, Huynh V, Lenaz L, Schellens JHM, Beijnen JH. Enhanced resolution triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry for ultra-sensitive and quantitative analysis of the investigational anticancer agent EO9 (apaziquone) and its metabolite EO5a in human and dog plasma to support (pre)-clinical studies of EOquin given intravesically. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2008; 22:462-470. [PMID: 18231986 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A highly sensitive and selective liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) method was developed to quantify the experimental anticancer agent EO9 and its metabolite EO5a in biological matrices. A 200-microL aliquot of human/dog plasma was spiked with a mixture of deuterated internal standards EO9-d3 and EO5a-d4 and extracted with 1.25 mL of ethyl acetate. Dried extracts were reconstituted in 0.1 M ammonium acetate/methanol (7:3, v/v) and 20-microL volumes were injected onto the LC system. Separation was achieved on a 150 x 2.1 mm C18 column using an alkaline eluent (1 mM ammonium hydroxide/methanol (gradient system)). The detection was performed by a Finnigan TSQ Quantum Ultra equipped with an electrospray ionization source operated in positive mode and enhanced mass resolution capability. It demonstrated improved sensitivity with a factor 10-20 for EO9 and EO5a over a 3-decades dynamic range, with acceptable accuracy and precision, when compared with the previously described assay for EO9 and EO5a, developed by our group, using an API 2000. The assay quantifies a range from 0.5 to 500 ng/mL for EO9 and EO5a using 200-microL human plasma and dog samples. The described mass resolution method was successfully applied for the evaluation of the pharmacokinetic profile of EO9 and its metabolite EO5a in human and dog plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liia D Vainchtein
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Slotervaart Hospital/The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Louwesweg 6, 1066 EC Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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16
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Ackermann BL, Berna MJ, Eckstein JA, Ott LW, Chaudhary AK. Current applications of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry in pharmaceutical discovery after a decade of innovation. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2008; 1:357-396. [PMID: 20636083 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.anchem.1.031207.112855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Current drug discovery involves a highly iterative process pertaining to three core disciplines: biology, chemistry, and drug disposition. For most pharmaceutical companies the path to a drug candidate comprises similar stages: target identification, biological screening, lead generation, lead optimization, and candidate selection. Over the past decade, the overall efficiency of drug discovery has been greatly improved by a single instrumental technique, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Transformed by the commercial introduction of the atmospheric pressure ionization interface in the mid-1990s, LC/MS has expanded into almost every area of drug discovery. In many cases, drug discovery workflow has been changed owing to vastly improved efficiency. This review examines recent trends for these three core disciplines and presents seminal examples where LC/MS has altered the current approach to drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley L Ackermann
- Eli Lilly and Company, Greenfield Laboratories, Greenfield, Indiana 46140, USA.
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17
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11 HPLC method development for drug discovery LC-MS assays in rapid PK applications. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0149-6395(07)80017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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18
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Abstract
The use of high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) or tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS-MS) has proven to be the analytical technique of choice for most assays used in various stages of new drug discovery. A summary of the key components of HPLC-MS systems, as well as an overview of major application areas that use this technique as part of the drug discovery process, will be described here. This review will also provide an introduction into the various types of mass spectrometers that can be selected for the multiple tasks that can be performed using LC-MS as the analytical tool. The strategies for optimizing the use of this technique and also the potential problems and how to avoid them will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter A Korfmacher
- Exploratory Drug Metabolism, Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
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19
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Pucci V, Bonelli F, Monteagudo E, Laufer R. Enhanced mass resolution method development, validation and assay application to support preclinical studies of a new drug candidate. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2006; 20:1240-6. [PMID: 16541410 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A very highly sensitive and highly selective liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) method was developed to evaluate and quantify a new drug candidate in different biological matrices. Following a simple plasma protein precipitation using acetonitrile, the post-treatment samples were analyzed on a C18 column interfaced with a new generation of triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer. The recently introduced triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer, the TSQ Quantum Ultra, with enhanced mass-resolution capability, demonstrated improved sensitivity (0.05 ng/mL), coupled with suitable accuracy and precision, over a broad linear dynamic range (0.05-1000 ng/mL). A comparison of the assay performance data (dynamic range, calibration curve equation, precision and accuracy) of the enhanced resolution method against a unit resolution method under optimized conditions showed the performance improvement of the enhanced mass resolution method for bioanalytical high-throughput applications. The enhanced mass resolution method herein described was successfully applied to the evaluation of the pharmacokinetic profile of a new drug candidate in rat, rabbit and dog plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Pucci
- Department of Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche di Biologia Molecolare P. Angeletti (IRBM), Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, Via Pontina km 30.600, 00040 Pomezia, Roma, Italy.
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20
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New approaches for quantitative analysis in biological fluids using mass spectrometric detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2005.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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21
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Hager JW. Recent trends in mass spectrometer development. Anal Bioanal Chem 2004; 378:845-50. [PMID: 14598011 PMCID: PMC7079868 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-2287-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2003] [Revised: 09/08/2003] [Accepted: 09/10/2003] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Trends in mass analyzer development are reviewed here with an emphasis on tandem mass spectrometers. The move toward "hybridization" of conventional mass analyzers to allow additional instrument functionality in tandem mass spectrometry is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Hager
- MDS SCIEX, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, Ontario L4K 4V8, Canada.
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22
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Kemmochi Y, Tsutsumi K, Nakazawa H. Enhanced mass resolution tandem mass spectrometry method for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin detection with ion trap mass spectrometry using high damping gas pressure. J Chromatogr A 2003; 1016:249-56. [PMID: 14601843 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Damping gas flow was optimized for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) determination using ion trap mass spectrometer. A tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) method with better than unit-mass resolution (mass width, 0.3 u) was developed at a damping gas flow of 1.5 ml/min and a collision-induced dissociation (CID) voltage of 3.30 V. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) at the enhanced resolution was 2.9% in 24 h of consecutive injections. The detection limit was significantly improved because the efficiency of both precursor ion trapping and fragmentation increased with the damping gas flow. Product ion yield was 4.5 times higher and limit of detection was 3.2 times lower than at the default flow (0.3 ml/min and 1.65 V).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Kemmochi
- Water Environmental Technology Development Center, EBARA CORPORATION, 4-2-1 Honfujisawa, Fujisawa 251-8502, Japan.
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23
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Lill J. Proteomic tools for quantitation by mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2003; 22:182-194. [PMID: 12838544 DOI: 10.1002/mas.10048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Techniques for the quantitation of proteins and peptides by mass spectrometry (MS) are reviewed. A range of labeling processes is discussed, including metabolic, enzymatic, and chemical labeling, and techniques that can be employed for comparative and absolute quantitation are presented. Advantages and drawbacks of the techniques are discussed, and suggestions for the appropriate uses of the methodologies are explained. Overall, the metabolic incorporation of isotopic labels provides the most accurate labeling strategy, and is most useful when an internal standard for comparative quantitation is needed. However, that technique is limited to research that uses cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Lill
- ActivX Biosciences, 11025 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
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Hopfgartner G, Bourgogne E. Quantitative high-throughput analysis of drugs in biological matrices by mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2003; 22:195-214. [PMID: 12838545 DOI: 10.1002/mas.10050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To support pharmacokinetic and drug metabolism studies, LC-MS/MS plays more and more an essential role for the quantitation of drugs and their metabolites in biological matrices. With the new challenges encountered in drug discovery and drug development, new strategies are put in place to achieve high-throughput analysis, using serial and parallel approaches. To speed-up method development and validation, generic approaches with the direct injection of biological fluids is highly desirable. Column-switching, using various packing materials for the extraction columns, is widely applied. Improvement of mass spectrometers performance, and in particular triple quadrupoles, also strongly influences sample preparation strategies, which remain a key element in the bioanalytical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Hopfgartner
- University of Geneva, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry, 20 Bd d'Yvoy, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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