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Carraro M, Are C, Azzena U, De Luca L, Gaspa S, Satta G, Holzer W, Pace V, Pisano L. Electronic Effects in a Green Protocol for (Hetero)Aryl-S Coupling. Molecules 2024; 29:1714. [PMID: 38675533 PMCID: PMC11051792 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aryl and heteroaryl iodides have been efficiently converted into the corresponding thioacetates in cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME), a green solvent, under Cu catalysis. The chemoselectivity of the reaction is mainly controlled by electronic factors, enabling the conversion of both electron-rich and electron-deficient substrates into the corresponding thioacetates in good to excellent yields. The products can be easily deprotected to the corresponding thiolates to carry out additional synthetic transformations in situ. Surprisingly, despite CPME's relatively low dielectric constant, the reaction rate significantly increased when conducted under microwave irradiation conditions. This synthetic methodology exhibits a remarkable tolerance to functional groups, mild reaction conditions, and a wide substrate scope, utilizing a safe and inexpensive CuI pre-catalyst in the green solvent CPME. A non-aqueous workup allowing for the complete recovery of both catalyst and solvent makes this approach an environmentally sustainable protocol for C(sp2) sulfur functionalization. Additionally, the reaction shows selective cross-coupling with iodides in competition with chlorides and bromides, allowing its use in multistep syntheses. To demonstrate the potential of this methodology, it was applied to the high-yield synthesis of a photochromic dithienylethene, where a selective synthesis had not been reported before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Carraro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.C.); (L.D.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Camillo Are
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.C.); (L.D.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Ugo Azzena
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.C.); (L.D.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Lidia De Luca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.C.); (L.D.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Silvia Gaspa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.C.); (L.D.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Satta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.C.); (L.D.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Wolfgang Holzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Vittorio Pace
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Luisa Pisano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.C.); (L.D.L.); (S.G.)
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Beletskaya IP, Ananikov VP. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–S, C–Se, and C–Te Bond Formations via Cross-Coupling and Atom-Economic Addition Reactions. Achievements and Challenges. Chem Rev 2022; 122:16110-16293. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina P. Beletskaya
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorob’evy gory, Moscow 119899, Russia
| | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Kitanosono T, Lu F, Masuda K, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Efficient Recycling of Catalyst‐Solvent Couples from Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Reactions in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202335. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taku Kitanosono
- Department of Chemistry School of Scienc The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Fangqiu Lu
- Department of Chemistry School of Scienc The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Koichiro Masuda
- Department of Chemistry School of Scienc The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry School of Scienc The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Shu Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry School of Scienc The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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Kitanosono T, Lu F, Masuda K, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Efficient Recycling of Catalyst–Solvent Couples from Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Reactions in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taku Kitanosono
- The University of Tokyo: Tokyo Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Fangqiu Lu
- The University of Tokyo: Tokyo Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Koichiro Masuda
- The University of Tokyo: Tokyo Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | | | - Shu Kobayashi
- The University of Tokyo Department of Chemistry, School of Science 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-0033 Tokyo JAPAN
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Dubey AV, Kumar AV. A Bio‐Inspired Magnetically Recoverable Palladium Nanocatalyst for the Ullmann Coupling reaction of Aryl halides and Arylboronic acids In Aqueous Media. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek V. Dubey
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of Chemical Technology Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - A. Vijay Kumar
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of Chemical Technology Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra India
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Murashkina AV, Mitrofanov AY, Beletskaya IP. Copper in Cross-Coupling Reactions: II. Arylation of Thiols. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428019110010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Liu D, Thomas T, Gong H, Li F, Li Q, Song L, Azhagan T, Jiang H, Yang M. A mechanism of alkali metal carbonates catalysing the synthesis of β-hydroxyethyl sulfide with mercaptan and ethylene carbonate. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:9367-9374. [PMID: 31621741 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01816f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of β-hydroxyethylation is essential to the current practice of organic chemistry. Here, we proposed a new and green route to synthesize 2-hydroxyethyl n-alkyl sulfide with n-alkyl mercaptan and ethylene carbonate (EC) in the presence of alkali carbonates as catalysts and revealed the mechanism by experiments and theoretical calculations. The reaction reported proceeds rapidly with high yields when it is performed at 120 °C and the catalytic loading is ∼1 mol%. This protocol is applicable to other mercaptans to synthesize the corresponding β-hydroxyethyl sulfide. Density functional theory-based calculations show the energy profile for the reaction pathway. The rate-determining step is the ring-opening of EC. A negatively charged O atom of alkali carbonates approaches the S atom of -SH under the influence of hydrogen bonds. An activated S atom that carries more negative charge serves as a nucleophilic reagent and assists in the ring-opening of EC by reducing the Mayer bond orders of the C1-O1 bond in EC. Alkali cations also contribute to the C1-O1 bond cleavage. The energy barrier for the ring-opening of EC decreases with the decrease of electronegativity of alkali cations. Subsequent transference of a H atom leads to the formation of β-hydroxyethyl sulfide, the dissociation of CO2 and the reduction of K2CO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, China.
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Mohammadinezhad A, Akhlaghinia B. CoII immobilized on an aminated magnetic metal–organic framework catalyzed C–N and C–S bond forming reactions: a journey for the mild and efficient synthesis of arylamines and arylsulfides. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03400e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic activity of Fe3O4@AMCA-MIL53(Al)-NH2-CoII NPs as a novel and inexpensive catalyst was investigated in the C–N and C–S cross coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Mohammadinezhad
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
- Mashhad 9177948974
- Iran
| | - Batool Akhlaghinia
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
- Mashhad 9177948974
- Iran
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Vessally E, Didehban K, Mohammadi R, Hosseinian A, Babazadeh M. Recent advantages in the metal (bulk and nano)-catalyzed S-arylation reactions of thiols with aryl halides in water: a perfect synergy for eco-compatible preparation of aromatic thioethers. J Sulphur Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2018.1436711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esmail Vessally
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Robab Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Hosseinian
- Department of Engineering Science, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mirzaagha Babazadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
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