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Adarsh Krishna TP, Ajeesh Krishna TP, Edachery B, Antony Ceasar S. Guggulsterone - a potent bioactive phytosteroid: synthesis, structural modification, and its improved bioactivities. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:55-69. [PMID: 38283224 PMCID: PMC10809385 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00432e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Guggulsterone is a phytosteroid derived from the oleo-gum resin of the critically endangered plant Commiphora wightii. This molecule has attracted increasing attention due to its excellent biochemistry potential and the compound has consequently been evaluated in clinical trials. With a low concentration in natural resources but wide medicinal and therapeutic value, chemists have developed several synthetic routes for guggulsterone starting from various steroid precursors. Moreover, numerous studies have attempted to modify its structure to improve the biological properties. Nowadays, green and sustainable chemistry has also attracted more attention for advanced chemical processes and reactions in steroid chemistry. The present review aimed to summarize the literature and provide an update about the improvements in the chemical synthesis and structural modification of guggulsterone from the view of green chemistry. Moreover, this review encompasses the improved activities of structurally modified guggulsterone derivatives. We expect that the information provided here will be useful to researchers working in this field and on this molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Adarsh Krishna
- R & D Division, Sreedhareeyam Farmherbs India Pvt. Ltd Kerala 686 662 India
| | - T P Ajeesh Krishna
- Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences Kochi Kerala 683 104 India
- Division of Phytochemistry and Drug-Design, Department of Bioscience, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences Kochi Kerala 683 104 India
| | - Baldev Edachery
- R & D Division, Sreedhareeyam Farmherbs India Pvt. Ltd Kerala 686 662 India
| | - S Antony Ceasar
- Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences Kochi Kerala 683 104 India
- Division of Phytochemistry and Drug-Design, Department of Bioscience, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences Kochi Kerala 683 104 India
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2
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Li X, Wang X, Li Y, Xiao J, Du Y. Application of DMSO as a methylthiolating reagent in organic synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4471-4495. [PMID: 35593912 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00570k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, DMSO has been widely used not only as a common solvent but also as an environmentally benign oxidant in various organic transformations. Most strikingly, DMSO can be used as a sulfur source to construct methylthiolated building blocks of potential biologically active molecules, which is a remarkable achievement in the field of organic sulfur chemistry. The purpose of this review article is to summarize and discuss the main developments in the application of DMSO as a methylthiolating reagent to introduce the -SMe functionality in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xi Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yadong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Jiaxi Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yunfei Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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3
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Adarsh Krishna TP, Edachery B, Athalathil S. Bakuchiol - a natural meroterpenoid: structure, isolation, synthesis and functionalization approaches. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8815-8832. [PMID: 35424800 PMCID: PMC8985110 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08771a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bakuchiol is an emblematic meroterpene class of natural product extracted from Psoralea corylifolia. It has been reported to possess a broad range of biological and pharmacological properties and is considered as a leading biomolecule. It is highly desirable to devise an efficient approach to access bakuchiol and its chemical biology applications. In this review we provided structural features, isolation methods, various chemical routes and late-stage functionalization (LSF) approaches for bakuchiol and its derivatives. Moreover, this review encompasses the structure-activity relationships (SAR), value-added contributions and future perspectives of bakuchiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Adarsh Krishna
- R & D Division, Sreedhareeyam Farmherbs India Pvt. Ltd Ernakulam (Dist.) Kerala India-686 662
| | - Baldev Edachery
- R & D Division, Sreedhareeyam Farmherbs India Pvt. Ltd Ernakulam (Dist.) Kerala India-686 662
| | - Sunil Athalathil
- R & D Division, Sreedhareeyam Farmherbs India Pvt. Ltd Ernakulam (Dist.) Kerala India-686 662
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4
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Abstract
Abstract:
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is not only a common and cheap aprotic polar solvent with low toxicity, but also serves as an efficient and multipurpose reactant and has widely been used in organic synthesis. DMSO as an important precursor can effectively introducea broad range of functional fragments into organic molecules, such as -Me, -CH, -CH2, -SMe2, -CH2SMe, -CH2SOMe, -SMe, -SO2Me, -SOMe or as O substituents, and serves as a mild oxidant in organic transformations. Many significant achievements based on DMSO as a synthon in synthetic chemistry have rapidly made over the past several years. To help researchers further understand the recent advances in the field, the review summarizes the applications of DMSO as carbon, sulfur, and oxygen sources and is used as the dual synthon in synthetic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-qian CAI
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi Guilin 541199, P. R. China,
| | - Ke-feng ZHANG
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi Guilin 541199, P. R. China,
| | - Xiao-hua CAI
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guizhou, Guiyang 550025, P. R., China
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5
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Xiong L, He SQ, Pan J, Yu B. Metal-/catalyst-free one-pot three-component thioamination of 1,4-naphthoquinone in a sustainable solvent. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05741c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A metal-/catalyst-free protocol for the direct thioamination of 1,4-naphthoquinone with thiophenols and amines using air as an oxidant in a green solvent has been developed. This environmentally friendly strategy was...
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6
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Khan S, Hussain A, Attar F, Bloukh SH, Edis Z, Sharifi M, Balali E, Nemati F, Derakhshankhah H, Zeinabad HA, Nabi F, Khan RH, Hao X, Lin Y, Hua L, Ten Hagen TLM, Falahati M. A review of the berberine natural polysaccharide nanostructures as potential anticancer and antibacterial agents. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112531. [PMID: 34906771 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the promising medicinal properties, berberine (BBR), due to its relatively poor solubility in plasma, low bio-stability and limited bioavailability is not used broadly in clinical stages. Due to these drawbacks, drug delivery systems (DDSs) based on nanoscale natural polysaccharides, are applied to address these concerns. Natural polymers are biodegradable, non-immunogenic, biocompatible, and non-toxic agents that are capable of trapping large amounts of hydrophobic compounds in relatively small volumes. The use of nanoscale natural polysaccharide improves the stability and pharmacokinetics of the small molecules and, consequently, increases the therapeutic effects and reduces the side effects of the small molecules. Therefore, this paper presents an overview of the different methods used for increasing the BBR solubility and bioavailability. Afterwards, the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic of BBR nanostructures were discussed followed by the introduction of natural polysaccharides of plant (cyclodextrines, glucomannan), the shells of crustaceans (chitosan), and the cell wall of brown marine algae (alginate)-based origins used to improve the dissolution rate of poorly soluble BBR and their anticancer and antibacterial properties. Finally, the anticancer and antibacterial mechanisms of free BBR and BBR nanostructures were surveyed. In conclusion, this review may pave the way for providing some useful data in the development of BBR-based platforms for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- Advanced Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farnoosh Attar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Food Industry & Agriculture, Standard Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | - Samir Haj Bloukh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zehra Edis
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Majid Sharifi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Balali
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Nemati
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Derakhshankhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hojjat Alizadeh Zeinabad
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; Institute of Pathology, Univesity of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Faisal Nabi
- Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, India
| | | | - Xiao Hao
- Advanced Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yueting Lin
- High Level Talent Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Hua
- Advanced Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China.
| | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, 3015GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Laboratory Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, 3015GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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7
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Polimera SR, A M Subbaiah M, Ilangovan A. The Ligand Free Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Regioselective 1,2-Addition of Enol Silanes to Quinones to Access 4-Hydroxy-4-(2-oxo-2-arylethyl)cyclohexadien-1-ones and Synthetic Applications. J Org Chem 2021; 86:14356-14370. [PMID: 34554740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to the conventional 1,4-addition process, regioselective 1,2-addition of silyl enol ethers to quinones can now be achieved via a palladium(II) enolate pathway that provides access to 4-hydroxy-4-(2-oxo-2-arylethyl)cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one derivatives. This quinone alkylation protocol proceeds under mild reaction conditions at ambient temperature under open air and does not require either an external ligand for the palladium or the use of a base. Additionally, the cyclohexadienone products have been exploited as synthetic precursors for the construction of fused heteroaryl systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subba Rao Polimera
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, BBRC, Syngene, Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560009, India.,Department of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Thiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India
| | - Murugaiah A M Subbaiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, BBRC, Syngene, Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560009, India
| | - Andivelu Ilangovan
- Department of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Thiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India
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8
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Mukherjee N, Chatterjee T. Iodine-Catalyzed Methylthiolative Annulation of 2-Alkynyl Biaryls with DMSO: A Metal-Free Approach to 9-Sulfenylphenanthrenes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:7881-7890. [PMID: 34028271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An iodine-catalyzed sustainable, cost-effective, and atom-economic synthetic methodology is developed to synthesize a wide variety of valuable sulfenylphenanthrenes and polycyclic heteroaromatics in moderate to high yield through electrophilic thiolative annulation of 2-alkynyl biaryls (6-endo-dig cyclization) using methyl sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the sulfur source under transition-metal-free conditions. The transformation requires only iodine in a catalytic amount and trifluoroacetic anhydride. Notably, DMSO played multiple roles such as methylthiolating reagent, oxidant, and solvent in this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500078 Telangana, India
| | - Tanmay Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500078 Telangana, India
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9
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Swami Vetha BS, Adam AG, Aileru A. Redox Responsive Copolyoxalate Smart Polymers for Inflammation and Other Aging-Associated Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115607. [PMID: 34070585 PMCID: PMC8198274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyoxalate (POx) and copolyoxalate (CPOx) smart polymers are topics of interest the field of inflammation. This is due to their drug delivery ability and their potential to target reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to accommodate small molecules such as curcumin, vanilline, and p-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol. Their biocompatibility, ultra-size tunable characteristics and bioimaging features are remarkable. In this review we discuss the genesis and concept of oxylate smart polymer-based particles and a few innovative systemic delivery methods that is designed to counteract the inflammation and other aging-associated diseases (AADs). First, we introduce the ROS and its role in human physiology. Second, we discuss the polymers and methods of incorporating small molecule in oxalate backbone and its drug delivery application. Finally, we revealed some novel proof of concepts which were proven effective in disease models and discussed the challenges of oxylate polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berwin Singh Swami Vetha
- Department of Foundational Sciences and Research, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, 1851 MacGregor Downs Road, MS 701, Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Angela Guma Adam
- Physio/Biochem/New Product Development Division, Cocoa Research Center Institute of Ghana, P.O. Box 8, New Tafo-Akim 0233, Eastern Region, Ghana;
| | - Azeez Aileru
- Department of Foundational Sciences and Research, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, 1851 MacGregor Downs Road, MS 701, Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +252-737-7125
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10
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Sakthivel P, Adarsh Krishna TP, Ilangovan A. Photocatalyzed Chemo‐Selective Alkylation of Quinones and Phenothiazinones with Alkyl Amides: Photophysical and Cytotoxic Activity Studies. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pandaram Sakthivel
- School of Chemistry Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli 620024 India
| | | | - Andivelu Ilangovan
- School of Chemistry Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli 620024 India
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11
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Zhang H, Wang H, Jiang Y, Cao F, Gao W, Zhu L, Yang Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Chen J, Feng Y, Deng X, Lu Y, Hu X, Li X, Zhang J, Shi T, Wang Z. Recent Advances in Iodine-Promoted C-S/N-S Bonds Formation. Chemistry 2020; 26:17289-17317. [PMID: 32470225 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur-containing scaffold, as a ubiquitous structural motif, has been frequently used in natural products, bioactive chemicals and pharmaceuticals, particularly C-S/N-S bonds are indispensable in many biological important compounds and pharmaceuticals. Development of mild and general methods for C-S/N-S bonds formation has great significance in modern research. Iodine and its derivatives have been recognized as inexpensive, environmentally benign and easy-handled catalysts or reagents to promote the construction of C-S/N-S bonds under mild reaction conditions, with good regioselectivities and broad substrate scope. Especially based on this, several new strategies, such as oxidation relay strategy, have been greatly developed and accelerated the advancement of this field. This review focuses on recent advances in iodine and its derivatives promoted hybridized C-S/N-S bonds formation. The features and mechanisms of corresponding reactions are summarized and the results of some cases are compared with those of previous reports. In addition, the future of this domain is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Huihong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yi Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Longqing Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yuhang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jinhong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yiyue Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yingmei Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiangxiang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Tao Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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12
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Adarsh Krishna TP, Pandaram S, Chinnasamy S, Ilangovan A. Oxidative radical coupling of hydroquinones and thiols using chromic acid: one-pot synthesis of quinonyl alkyl/aryl thioethers. RSC Adv 2020; 10:19454-19462. [PMID: 35515459 PMCID: PMC9054077 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01519a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient, simple and practical protocol for one-pot sequential oxidative radical C-H/S-H cross-coupling of thiols with hydroquinones (HQs) and oxidation leading to the formation of quinonyl alkyl/aryl thioethers using H2CrO4 was developed. This cross-coupling of thiyl and aryl radicals offers mono thioethers in good to moderate yield and works well with a wide variety of thiols. Similarly, this method works well for coupling of 2-amino thiophenol and HQs to form phenothiazine-3-ones 5a-c. C-S bond formation via thioether synthesis was observed using a chromium reagent for the first time. Theoretical studies on the pharmacokinetic properties of compounds 5a-c revealed that due to drug-like properties, compound 5b strongly binds with Alzheimer's disease (AD) associated AChE target sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Adarsh Krishna
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli Tamilnadu-620024 India
| | - Sakthivel Pandaram
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli Tamilnadu-620024 India
| | - Suresh Chinnasamy
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli Tamilnadu-620024 India
| | - Andivelu Ilangovan
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli Tamilnadu-620024 India
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13
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Pandaram S, T P AK, Ilangovan A. The silver catalyzed direct C-H functionalization of quinones with dialkyl amides. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:3027-3031. [PMID: 32239012 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00323a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
DMA and other dialkylamides were successfully used as synthons for the C-H functionalization of quinones. This novel amidoalkylation reaction works with a variety of substituted quinones and dialkyl/alkyl amides, such as DMF, NMP and NMA, and the corresponding products were obtained in moderate to good yields. The amidoalkylation of quinones is demonstrated for the first time. A suitable mechanism and the synthetic utility of these compounds are demonstrated. The molecular docking of compound 5 with an Alzheimer's disease (AD) associated AChE target site was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivel Pandaram
- Bharathidasan University, School of Chemistry, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Adarsh Krishna T P
- Bharathidasan University, School of Chemistry, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Andivelu Ilangovan
- Bharathidasan University, School of Chemistry, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
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14
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Barbero M, Papillo VA, Grolla AA, Negri R, Travaglia F, Bordiga M, Condorelli F, Arlorio M, Giovenzana GB. Unprecedented Formation of 2,5-Diaminoquinones from the Reaction of Vanillin with Secondary Amines in Aerobic Conditions. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Barbero
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 28100 Novara (NO) Italy
| | - Valentina A. Papillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 28100 Novara (NO) Italy
| | - Ambra A. Grolla
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 28100 Novara (NO) Italy
| | - Roberto Negri
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 28100 Novara (NO) Italy
| | - Fabiano Travaglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 28100 Novara (NO) Italy
| | - Matteo Bordiga
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 28100 Novara (NO) Italy
| | - Fabrizio Condorelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 28100 Novara (NO) Italy
| | - Marco Arlorio
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 28100 Novara (NO) Italy
| | - Giovanni B. Giovenzana
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 28100 Novara (NO) Italy
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