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Mazumder K, Voit B, Banerjee S. Recent Progress in Sulfur-Containing High Refractive Index Polymers for Optical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6253-6279. [PMID: 38371831 PMCID: PMC10870412 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The development in the field of high refractive index materials is a crucial factor for the advancement of optical devices with advanced features such as image sensors, optical data storage, antireflective coatings, light-emitting diodes, and nanoimprinting. Sulfur plays an important role in high refractive index applications owing to its high molar refraction compared to carbon. Sulfur exists in multiple oxidation states and can exhibit various stable functional groups. Over the last few decades, sulfur-containing polymers have attracted much attention owing to their wide array of applications governed by the functional group of sulfur present in the polymer repeat unit. The interplay of refractive index and various other polymer properties contributes to successfully implementing a specific polymer material in optical applications. The focus on developing optoelectronic devices induced an ever-increasing need to integrate different functional materials to achieve the devices' full potential. Several devices that see the potential use of sulfur in high refractive index materials are reviewed in the study. Like sulfur, selenium also exhibits high molar refraction and unique chemical properties, making it an essential field of study. This review covers the research and development in the field of sulfur and selenium in different forms of functionality, focusing on the chemistry of bonding and the optical properties of the polymers containing the heteroatoms mentioned above. The strategy and rationale behind incorporating heteroatoms in a polymer matrix to produce high-refractive-index materials are also described in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajari Mazumder
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanta Banerjee
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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2
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Prasad S, Alhandel RH, Asemi NN, AlSalhi MS. Effects of Graphene Oxide (GO) and Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) on Green-Emitting Conjugated Copolymer's Optical and Laser Properties Using Simulation and Experimental Studies. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4572. [PMID: 38232017 PMCID: PMC10708564 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The properties of a conjugated copolymer (CP), poly[(9,9-Dioctyl-2,7-divinylenefluorenylene)-alt-co-(2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene) (PDVF-co-MEH-PV), were investigated in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using absorption, fluorescence, laser, and time-resolved spectroscopy. CPs are usually dissolved in low-polar solvents. Although GO does not dissolve well, rGO and PDVF-co-MEH-PV dissolve in chloroform due to their oxygen acceptor sites. Hence, we studied rGO/PDVF-co-MEH-PV (CP/rGO), performing all experiments and simulations in chloroform. We performed simulations on PDVF-co-MEH-PV, approximate GO, and rGO using time-dependent density-functional theory calculations to comprehend the molecular dynamics and interactions at the molecular level. The simulation polymer used a tail-truncated oligomer model with up to three monomer units. The simulation and experimental results were in agreement. Further, the PDVF-co-MEH-PV exhibited fluorescence, laser quenching, rGO-mediated laser blinking, and spectral broadening effects when GO and rGO concentrations increased. The experimental and simulation results were compared to provide a plausible mechanism of interaction between PDVF-co-MEH-PV and rGO. We observed that for lower concentrations of rGO, the interaction did not considerably decrease the amplified spontaneous emissions of PDVF-co-MEH-PV. However, the fluorescence of PDVF-co-MEH-PV was considerably quenched at higher concentrations of rGO. These results could be helpful for future applications, such as in sensors, solar cells, and optoelectronic device design. To demonstrate the sensor capability of these composites, a paper-based sensor was designed to detect ethanol and nitrotoluene. An instrumentation setup was proposed that is cheap, reusable, and multifunctional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saradh Prasad
- Research Chair on Laser Diagnosis of Cancers, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, P.O. Box 2455, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (N.N.A.); (M.S.A.)
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3
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Rani S, Al-Zaqri N, Iqbal J, Akram SJ, Boshaala A, Mehmood RF, Saeed MU, Rashid EU, Khera RA. Designing dibenzosilole core based, A 2-π-A 1-π-D-π-A 1-π-A 2 type donor molecules for promising photovoltaic parameters in organic photovoltaic cells. RSC Adv 2022; 12:29300-29318. [PMID: 36320777 PMCID: PMC9558076 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05934g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research work, four new molecules from the π-A-π-D-π-A-π type reference molecule "DBS-2PP", were designed for their potential application in organic solar cells by adding peripheral A2 acceptors to the reference. Under density functional theory, a comprehensive theoretical investigation was conducted to examine the structural geometries, along with the optical and photovoltaic parameters; comprising frontier molecular orbitals, density of states, light-harvesting effectiveness, excitation, binding, and reorganizational energies, molar absorption coefficient, dipole moment, as well as transition density matrix of all the molecules under study. In addition, some photo-voltaic characteristics (open circuit photo-voltage and fill factor) were also studied for these molecules. Although all the developed compounds (D1-D4) surpassed the reference molecule in the attributes mentioned above, D4 proved to be the best. D4 possessed the narrowest band-gap, as well as the highest absorption maxima and dipole moment of all the molecules in both the evaluated phases. Moreover, with PC61BM as the acceptor, D4 showed the maximum V OC and FF values. Furthermore, while D3 had the greatest hole mobility owing to its lowest value of hole reorganization energy, D4 exhibited the maximum electron mobility due to its lowermost value of electron reorganization energy. Overall, all the chromophores proposed in this study showed outstanding structural, optical, and photovoltaic features. Considering this, organic solar cell fabrication can be improved by using these newly derived donors at the donor-acceptor interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Rani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Nabil Al-Zaqri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain Zallaq Bahrain
| | - Sahar Javaid Akram
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Boshaala
- Research Centre, Manchester Salt & Catalysis Unit C, 88-90 Chorlton Rd M15 4AN Manchester UK
- Libyan Authority for Scientific Research P. O. Box 80045 Tripoli Libya
| | - Rana Farhat Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Township Lahore 54770 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Ehsan Ullah Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Rasheed Ahmad Khera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
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4
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Bojanowski NM, Huck C, Veith L, Strunk KP, Bäuerle R, Melzer C, Freudenberg J, Wacker I, Schröder RR, Tegeder P, Bunz UHF. Electron-beam lithography of cinnamate polythiophene films: conductive nanorods for electronic applications. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7880-7885. [PMID: 35865884 PMCID: PMC9258344 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01867e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the electron-beam induced crosslinking of cinnamate-substituted polythiophene proceeding via excited state [2+2]-cycloaddition. Network formation in thin films is evidenced by infrared spectroscopy and film retention experiments. For the polymer studied herin, the electron-stimulated process appears to be superior to photo (UV)-induced crosslinking as it leads to less degradation. Electron beam lithography (EBL) patterns cinnamate-substituted polythiophene thin films on the nanoscale with a resolution of around 100 nm. As a proof of concept, we fabricated nanoscale organic transistors using doped and cross-linked P3ZT as contact fingers in thin film transistors. Electron beam lithography patterns selectively cinnamate-substituted polythiophene thin films via [2+2]-cycloaddition. A nanoscale organic field effect transistor is constructed using cross-linked and doped polythiophene as electrodes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- N Maximilian Bojanowski
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Christian Huck
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany.,Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 253 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Lisa Veith
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | | | - Rainer Bäuerle
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany .,InnovationLab GmbH Speyerer Straße 4 69115 Heidelberg Germany
| | | | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Irene Wacker
- BioQuant, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 267 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Rasmus R Schröder
- BioQuant, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 267 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Petra Tegeder
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany.,Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 253 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany .,Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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5
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Cassiano TDSA, de Oliveira Neto PH, e Silva GM. Quasiparticle dynamics by effective [Formula: see text]-field distortion. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7967. [PMID: 35562391 PMCID: PMC9106660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11832-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Modeling dynamical processes of quasiparticles in low dimensional [Formula: see text]-conjugated systems is challenging due to electron-phonon coupling. We show that this interaction leads to linear potential energy terms in the lattice Lagrangian similar to a local "gravitational" field. The presence of quasiparticles deforms this field in a way analogous to a low-dimension solution of general relativity. Our calculations with analytical expressions for effective [Formula: see text]-fields yield the correct band structure and deliver proper time evolution of the quasiparticle's properties. Furthermore, we report a sharp reduction in the dynamics computational time up to two orders of magnitude, a result that has major simulation implications.
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Yamaguchi I, Fukumoto D, Wang A. Synthesis and optical properties of
π‐conjugated
polymers and oligomers bearing hexaphenylbenzene and tetraphenyl ethene units. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isao Yamaguchi
- Department of Materials Chemistry Shimane University Matsue Japan
| | - Daiki Fukumoto
- Department of Materials Chemistry Shimane University Matsue Japan
| | - Aohan Wang
- Department of Materials Chemistry Shimane University Matsue Japan
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7
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Synthesis and electropolymerization of donor-acceptor-donor type monomers based on azobenzene-substituted thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione acceptors. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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8
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Nie J, Wang Z, Huang X, Lu G, Feng C. Uniform Continuous and Segmented Nanofibers Containing a π-Conjugated Oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene) Core via “Living” Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly: Importance of Oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene) Chain Length. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiucheng Nie
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physical Science & Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physical Science & Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Shao J, Jiang N, Zhang H, Yang Y, Tang P. Target-Directed Design of Phase Transition Path for Complex Structures of Rod-Coil Block Copolymers. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:20367-20380. [PMID: 31815241 PMCID: PMC6894153 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We apply the string method to the self-consistent mean-field theory framework of the rod-coil block copolymer system to calculate the minimum energy pathways in the rearrangement transitions of lamellae and cylinders with different orientations under certain epitaxial growth relationship. Metastable phases appearing in the reordering transition pathway tend to form the structure at low χN side of the order-order transition boundary compared with the initial phase. In particular, for complex network, metastable phases, such as single gyroid and perforated lamellae, need to select a rearrangement transition between lamellae or cylinders near the order-disorder transition boundary with the same epitaxial growth relationship but different orientations. It is confirmed that this strategy for obtaining complex metastable phases by rational design of rearrangement transition between specific phases in the phase diagram can be applied to a wide range of χN as well as the coil-coil block copolymer system. We further investigate the rearrangement transition behavior combining with the analysis of contribution from the free energy, entropy, degree of mixing between different blocks, and the average orientation degree of rods during the phase transitions. Based on this mechanism, we have developed a target-directed design strategy for constructing self-assembled metastable structures of rod-coil block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Nuofei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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10
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Dineshkumar S, Raj A, Srivastava A, Mukherjee S, Pasha SS, Kachwal V, Fageria L, Chowdhury R, Laskar IR. Facile Incorporation of "Aggregation-Induced Emission"-Active Conjugated Polymer into Mesoporous Silica Hollow Nanospheres: Synthesis, Characterization, Photophysical Studies, and Application in Bioimaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:31270-31282. [PMID: 31348641 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Typical aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens tetraphenylethylene (TPE) and triphenylamine have been used to construct an AIE-active conjugated polymer, namely, poly(N,N-diphenyl-4-(4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)styryl)aniline) (PTPA), which consist of D-π-A architecture by Wittig polymerization. We fabricated mesoporous silica hollow nanospheres (MSHNs) which were encapsulated with the AIE-active polymer for applications in cellular imaging. It exhibits a positive solvatochromism effect by increasing solvent polarity, supported by theoretical calculation using density functional theory. The structure of the monomers and polymer was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and high-resolution mass spectrometry techniques. Considering the advantage of high brightness in the fluorescence of PTPA, it was encapsulated into MSHNs by a noncovalent approach, and the surface was functionalized with an anti-EpCAM (antiepithelial cell adhesion molecule) aptamer through conjugation with γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane for targeting cancer cells specifically. The aptamer-functionalized Apt-MSHNs exhibited excellent biocompatibility with the liver cancer-Huh-7 cells used for this study and was efficiently internalized by these cells. Because EpCAM are overexpressed in multiple carcinomas, including liver cancer, these aptamer-conjugated AIE MSHNs are therefore good candidates for targeted cellular imaging applications.
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Selivanova M, Chuang CH, Billet B, Malik A, Xiang P, Landry E, Chiu YC, Rondeau-Gagné S. Morphology and Electronic Properties of Semiconducting Polymer and Branched Polyethylene Blends. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:12723-12732. [PMID: 30854843 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy for influencing the solid-state morphology of conjugated polymers was developed through physical blending with a low-molecular-weight branched polyethylene. This nontoxic and low-boiling-point additive was blended with a high-charge-mobility diketopyrrolopyrrole-based conjugated polymer, and a detailed investigation of the new blended materials was performed by various characterization tools, including X-ray diffraction, UV-vis spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Interestingly, the branched additive was shown to reduce the crystallinity of the conjugated polymer while promoting aggregation and phase separation in the solid state. Upon thermal removal of the olefinic additive, the thin films maintained a lower crystallinity and aggregated morphology in comparison to a nonblended polymer. The semiconducting performance of the new branched polyethylene/conjugated polymer blends was also investigated in organic field-effect transistors, which showed a stable charge mobility of around 0.3 cm2 V-1 s-1 without thermal annealing, independent of the blending ratio. Furthermore, using the new polyethylene-based additive, the concentration of a conjugated polymer required for the fabrication of organic field-effect transistor devices was reduced down to 0.05 wt %, without affecting charge transport, which represents a significant improvement compared to usual concentrations used for solution deposition. Our results demonstrate that the physical blending of a conjugated polymer with nontoxic, low-molecular-weight branched polyethylene is a promising strategy for the modification and fine-tuning of the solid-state morphology of conjugated polymers without sacrificing their charge-transport properties, thus creating new opportunities for the large-scale processing of organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Selivanova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor, Essex Centre of Research (CORe) , Windsor , Ontario N9B 3P4 , Canada
| | - Ching-Heng Chuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Blandine Billet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor, Essex Centre of Research (CORe) , Windsor , Ontario N9B 3P4 , Canada
| | - Aleena Malik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor, Essex Centre of Research (CORe) , Windsor , Ontario N9B 3P4 , Canada
| | - Peng Xiang
- PolyAnalytik Inc , 700 Collip Circle, Suite 202 , London , Ontario N6G 4X8 , Canada
| | - Eric Landry
- PolyAnalytik Inc , 700 Collip Circle, Suite 202 , London , Ontario N6G 4X8 , Canada
| | - Yu-Cheng Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Simon Rondeau-Gagné
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor, Essex Centre of Research (CORe) , Windsor , Ontario N9B 3P4 , Canada
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12
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Greyscale and Paper Electrochromic Polymer Displays by UV Patterning. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11020267. [PMID: 30960251 PMCID: PMC6419265 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochromic devices have important implications as smart windows for energy efficient buildings, internet of things devices, and in low-cost advertising applications. While inorganics have so far dominated the market, organic conductive polymers possess certain advantages such as high throughput and low temperature processing, faster switching, and superior optical memory. Here, we present organic electrochromic devices that can switch between two high-resolution images, based on UV-patterning and vapor phase polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) films. We demonstrate that this technique can provide switchable greyscale images through the spatial control of a UV-light dose. The color space was able to be further altered via optimization of the oxidant concentration. Finally, we utilized a UV-patterning technique to produce functional paper with electrochromic patterns deposited on porous paper, allowing for environmentally friendly electrochromic displays.
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13
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Corrêa RAMS, da Cruz FS, Santos CC, Pimenta TC, Franco DL, Ferreira LF. Optimization and Application of Electrochemical Transducer for Detection of Specific Oligonucleotide Sequence for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. BIOSENSORS 2018; 8:E84. [PMID: 30208638 PMCID: PMC6165072 DOI: 10.3390/bios8030084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the electropolymerization of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPA) over graphite electrodes (GE) was optimized, aiming its application as a functionalized electrochemical platform for oligonucleotides immobilization. It was investigated for the number of potential cycles and the scan rate influence on the monomer electropolymerization by using cyclic voltammetry technique. It was observed that the polymeric film showed a redox response in the region of +0.53/+0.38 V and the increase in the number of cycles produces more electroactive platforms because of the better electrode coverage. On the other hand, the decrease of scan rate produces more electroactive platforms because of the occurrence of more organized coupling. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the number of potential cycles influences the coverage and morphology of the electrodeposited polymeric film. However, the images also showed that at different scan rates a more organized material was produced. The influence of these optimized polymerization parameters was evaluated both in the immobilization of specific oligonucleotides and in the detection of hybridization with complementary target. Poly(4-HPA)/GE platform has shown efficient and sensitive for oligonucleotides immobilization, as well as for a hybridization event with the complementary oligonucleotide in all investigated cases. The electrode was modified with 100 cycles at 75 mV/s presented the best responses in function of the amplitude at the monitored peak current values for the Methylene Blue and Ethidium Bromide intercalators. The construction of the genosensor to detect a specific oligonucleotide sequence for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacillus confirmed the results regarding the poly(4-HPA)/GE platform efficiency since it showed excellent sensitivity. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification was found to be 0.56 (±0.05) μM and 8.6 (±0.7) μM, respectively operating with very low solution volumes (15 µL of probe and 10 µL target). The biosensor development was possible with optimization of the probe adsorption parameters and target hybridization, which led to an improvement in the decrease of the Methylene Blue (MB) reduction signal from 14% to 34%. In addition, interference studies showed that the genosensor has satisfactory selectivity since the hybridization with a non-specific probe resulted in a signal decrease (46% lower) when compared to the specific target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A M S Corrêa
- Laboratório de Eletroquímica e Nanotecnologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Rodovia MGT 367, Km 583, 5000, Alto da Jacuba, Diamantina MG 39100-000, Brazil.
| | - Filipe S da Cruz
- Laboratório de Eletroquímica e Nanotecnologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Rodovia MGT 367, Km 583, 5000, Alto da Jacuba, Diamantina MG 39100-000, Brazil.
| | - Cátia C Santos
- Laboratório de Eletroquímica e Nanotecnologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Rodovia MGT 367, Km 583, 5000, Alto da Jacuba, Diamantina MG 39100-000, Brazil.
| | - Thiago C Pimenta
- Laboratório de Eletroquímica e Nanotecnologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Rodovia MGT 367, Km 583, 5000, Alto da Jacuba, Diamantina MG 39100-000, Brazil.
| | - Diego L Franco
- Grupo de Eletroquímica Aplicada a Polímeros e Sensores, Laboratório de Eletroanalítica Aplicado à Biotecnologia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Patos de Minas, Av. Getúlio Vargas, 230, Patos de Minas MG 38700-128, Brazil.
| | - Lucas F Ferreira
- Laboratório de Eletroquímica e Nanotecnologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Rodovia MGT 367, Km 583, 5000, Alto da Jacuba, Diamantina MG 39100-000, Brazil.
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15
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Ocheje MU, Charron BP, Cheng YH, Chuang CH, Soldera A, Chiu YC, Rondeau-Gagné S. Amide-Containing Alkyl Chains in Conjugated Polymers: Effect on Self-Assembly and Electronic Properties. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael U. Ocheje
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - Brynn P. Charron
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - Yu-Hsuan Cheng
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Heng Chuang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Armand Soldera
- Département
de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1K 2R1
| | - Yu-Cheng Chiu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Simon Rondeau-Gagné
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
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16
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Dineshkumar S, Laskar IR. Study of the mechanoluminescence and ‘aggregation-induced emission enhancement’ properties of a new conjugated oligomer containing tetraphenylethylene in the backbone: application in the selective and sensitive detection of explosive. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01153b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
D–π-A based ‘Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement (AIEE)’ active conjugated oligomer (oTPETP) exhibits an abnormal blue shifting mechanoluminescence and selective and sensitive detection of explosive.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inamur Rahaman Laskar
- Department of Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science
- Pilani Campus
- Pilani
- India
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17
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Bai W, Yao R, Lai N, Shang X, Xu Y, Lin J. Preparation of conjugated poly(p-phenylene) hierarchical microspheres by nonsolvent vapor self-assembly and their fluorescent detection of metal ions. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Lee EJ, Choi MH, Han YW, Moon DK. Effect on Electrode Work Function by Changing Molecular Geometry of Conjugated Polymer Electrolytes and Application for Hole-Transporting Layer of Organic Optoelectronic Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:44060-44069. [PMID: 29160063 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b11164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized three conjugated polymer electrolytes (CPEs) with different conjugation lengths to control their dipole moments by varying spacers. P-type CPEs (PFT-D, PFtT-D, and PFbT-D) were generated by the facile oxidation of n-type CPEs (PFT, PFtT, and PFbT) and introduced as the hole-transporting layers (HTLs) of organic solar cells (OSCs) and polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs). To identify the effect on electrode work function tunability by changing the molecular conformation and arrangement, we simulated density functional theory calculations of these molecules and performed ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy analysis for films of indium tin oxide/CPEs. Additionally, we fabricated OSCs and PLEDs using the CPEs as the HTLs. The stability and performance were enhanced in the optimized devices with PFtT-D CPE HTLs compared to those of PEDOT:PSS HTL-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui Jin Lee
- Convergence Research Center for Solar Energy, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology , 333, Techno Jungang daero, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Choi
- Progressive Technology Research Group , KOLON Central Research Park, 30, Mabuk-ro 154beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 16910, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Woon Han
- Department of Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Konkuk University , 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Kyung Moon
- Department of Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Konkuk University , 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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19
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Ding G, Wang K, Li X, Chen Q, Hu Z, Liu J. The Fabrication of Nanoimprinted P3HT Nanograting by Patterned ETFE Mold at Room Temperature and Its Application for Solar Cell. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:258. [PMID: 27206643 PMCID: PMC4875018 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanoimprinting lithography (NIL) is investigated as a promising method to define nanostructure; however, finding a practical method to achieve large area patterning of conjugated polymer remains a challenge. We demonstrate here that a simple and cost-effective technique is proposed to fabricate the nanoimprinted P3HT nanograting by solvent-assisted room temperature NIL (SART-NIL) method with patterned ETFE film as mold. The patterned ETFE template is produced by embossing ETFE film into a patterned silicon master and is used as template to transfer nanogratings during the SART-NIL process. It indicates that highly reproducible and well-controlled P3HT nanograting film is obtained successfully with feature size of nanogratings ranging from 130 to 700 nm, due to the flexibility, stiffness, and low surface energy of ETFE mold. Moreover, the SART-NIL method using ETFE mold is able to fabricate nanogratings but not to induce the change of molecular orientation within conjugated polymer. The conducting ability of P3HT nanograting in the vertical direction is also not damaged after patterning. Finally, we further apply P3HT nanograting for the fabrication of active layer of OBHJ solar cell device, to investigate the morphology role presented by ETFE mold in device performance. The device performance of OBHJ solar cell is preferential to that of PBHJ device obviously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhu Ding
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Functional Composites of Anhui Province, Huaibei, 235000, China.
| | - Kaixuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Functional Composites of Anhui Province, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Functional Composites of Anhui Province, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Zhijun Hu
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jieping Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China.
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20
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Camposeo A, Pensack RD, Moffa M, Fasano V, Altamura D, Giannini C, Pisignano D, Scholes GD. Anisotropic Conjugated Polymer Chain Conformation Tailors the Energy Migration in Nanofibers. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:15497-15505. [PMID: 27933935 PMCID: PMC5133673 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers are complex multichromophore systems, with emission properties strongly dependent on the electronic energy transfer through active subunits. Although the packing of the conjugated chains in the solid state is known to be a key factor to tailor the electronic energy transfer and the resulting optical properties, most of the current solution-based processing methods do not allow for effectively controlling the molecular order, thus making the full unveiling of energy transfer mechanisms very complex. Here we report on conjugated polymer fibers with tailored internal molecular order, leading to a significant enhancement of the emission quantum yield. Steady state and femtosecond time-resolved polarized spectroscopies evidence that excitation is directed toward those chromophores oriented along the fiber axis, on a typical time scale of picoseconds. These aligned and more extended chromophores, resulting from the high stretching rate and electric field applied during the fiber spinning process, lead to improved emission properties. Conjugated polymer fibers are relevant to develop optoelectronic plastic devices with enhanced and anisotropic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Camposeo
- Istituto
Nanoscienze-CNR, Euromediterranean Center
for Nanomaterial Modelling and Technology (ECMT), via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Ryan D. Pensack
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Maria Moffa
- Istituto
Nanoscienze-CNR, Euromediterranean Center
for Nanomaterial Modelling and Technology (ECMT), via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Vito Fasano
- Dipartimento
di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Davide Altamura
- Istituto
di Cristallografia (IC-CNR), via Amendola 122/O, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- Istituto
di Cristallografia (IC-CNR), via Amendola 122/O, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Dario Pisignano
- Istituto
Nanoscienze-CNR, Euromediterranean Center
for Nanomaterial Modelling and Technology (ECMT), via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Gregory D. Scholes
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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21
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Li S, Jiang Y, Chen JZY. Complex liquid-crystal nanostructures in semiflexible ABC linear triblock copolymers: A self-consistent field theory. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:184902. [PMID: 27846676 DOI: 10.1063/1.4967423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We show that two series of ABC linear triblock copolymers possess sequences of order-to-order phase transitions between microphase-separated states, as the degree of flexibility of the semiflexible middle B-blocks varies. The spatial and orientational symmetries of these phases, some of them containing liquid-crystal ordering, are analysed in comparison with related structures previously determined experimentally and theoretically. A theoretical framework based on the self-consistent field treatment of the wormlike-chain model, which incorporates the Flory-Huggins and Maier-Saupe interactions in the free energy, is used here as a basic foundation for numerical calculations. We suggest that tuning the flexibility parameter, which reduces to the concept of degree of polymerization in the coil-like limit and characterizes the chain-persistency in the rod-like limit, provides a promising approach that can be used to design the resulting microphase-separated structures in semiflexible copolymer melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiben Li
- Department of Physics, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Environment and Center of Soft Matter Physics and its Applications, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jeff Z Y Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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22
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McKeown GR, Fang Y, Obhi NK, Manion JG, Perepichka DF, Seferos DS. Synthesis of Macrocyclic Poly(3-hexylthiophene) and Poly(3-heptylselenophene) by Alkyne Homocoupling. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:1075-1079. [PMID: 35658183 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the synthesis of cyclic samples of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT, degrees of polymerization = 25, 40, and 75) and poly(3-heptylselenophene) (P37S, DP = 30). Cyclization was accomplished using a mild alkyne-alkyne homocoupling procedure. Alkyne-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) was then coupled to residual uncyclized polymers, which were subsequently removed by column chromatography, enabling isolation and characterization of pure cyclic polymers. Cyclization was confirmed by the disappearance of terminal alkyne protons, the decrease in hydrodynamic radius [measured by size exclusion chromatography (SEC)], and the observed identical molecular weight distribution [measured by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry]. The lower weight macrocyclic polymers have decreased self-assembly as measured by optical absorption and transmission electron microscopy. The highest weight macrocycles were imaged using scanning tunneling microscopy. Cyclic polymers adopted a tightly bent conformation, while their linear analogues assembled as fully extended chains. Our method of cyclization and purification is broadly applicable to conjugated polymers (CPs) and will enable the development of novel optoelectronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- George R. McKeown
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
- Division
of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nimrat K. Obhi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Joseph G. Manion
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dmitrii F. Perepichka
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Dwight S. Seferos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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23
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Bai W, Wu C, Shang X, Liu X, Chen K, Lin J. Self-assembly of poly(p-phenylene)-based flower-like 3D micro-nanostructures. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Luo G, Ren X, Zhang S, Wu H, Choy WCH, He Z, Cao Y. Recent Advances in Organic Photovoltaics: Device Structure and Optical Engineering Optimization on the Nanoscale. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:1547-1571. [PMID: 26856789 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, which can directly convert absorbed sunlight to electricity, are stacked thin films of tens to hundreds of nanometers. They have emerged as a promising candidate for affordable, clean, and renewable energy. In the past few years, a rapid increase has been seen in the power conversion efficiency of OPV devices toward 10% and above, through comprehensive optimizations via novel photoactive donor and acceptor materials, control of thin-film morphology on the nanoscale, device structure developments, and interfacial and optical engineering. The intrinsic problems of short exciton diffusion length and low carrier mobility in organic semiconductors creates a challenge for OPV designs for achieving optically thick and electrically thin device structures to achieve sufficient light absorption and efficient electron/hole extraction. Recent advances in the field of OPV devices are reviewed, with a focus on the progress in device architecture and optical engineering approaches that lead to improved electrical and optical characteristics in OPV devices. Successful strategies are highlighted for light wave distribution, modulation, and absorption promotion inside the active layer of OPV devices by incorporating periodic nanopatterns/nanostructures or incorporating metallic nanomaterials and nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Luo
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Xingang Ren
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Su Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Hongbin Wu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Zhicai He
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
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25
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Zheng Y, Zheng J, Wu C, Shang X, Bai W, Lin J. Blue-emitting poly(1,1′-binaphthol butyl ether) nanospheres via the nonsolvent vapor method. Polym Bull (Berl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-016-1626-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Park S, Kang YJ, Majd S. A Review of Patterned Organic Bioelectronic Materials and their Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:7583-7619. [PMID: 26397962 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201501809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Organic electronic materials are rapidly emerging as superior replacements for a number of conventional electronic materials, such as metals and semiconductors. Conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, organic light-emitting diodes, and diamond films fabricated via chemical vapor deposition are the most popular organic bioelectronic materials that are currently under active research and development. Besides the capability to translate biological signals to electrical signals or vice versa, organic bioelectronic materials entail greater biocompatibility and biodegradability compared to conventional electronic materials, which makes them more suitable for biomedical applications. When patterned, these materials bring about numerous capabilities to perform various tasks in a more-sophisticated and high-throughput manner. Here, we provide an overview of the unique properties of organic bioelectronic materials, different strategies applied to pattern these materials, and finally their applications in the field of biomedical engineering, particularly biosensing, cell and tissue engineering, actuators, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- SooHyun Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - You Jung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Sheereen Majd
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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27
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Cartwright L, Neal TJ, Rutland NJ, Iraqi A. Anthracene-thieno[3,4-c
]pyrrole-4,6-dione based donor-acceptor conjugated copolymers for applications in optoelectronic devices. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Cartwright
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Thomas J. Neal
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Nathan J. Rutland
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Ahmed Iraqi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S3 7HF UK
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28
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Lee Y, Gomez ED. Challenges and Opportunities in the Development of Conjugated Block Copolymers for Photovoltaics. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Youngmin Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Materials Research
Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Enrique D. Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Materials Research
Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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29
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Bai W, Wu C, Shang X, Cai L, Lin J. Precipitation and sol formation from poly(p-phenylene)s solutions by spectroscopic study. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Qian L, Ahmed A, Glennon-Alty L, Yang Y, Murray P, Zhang H. Patterned substrates fabricated by a controlled freezing approach and biocompatibility evaluation by stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 49:390-399. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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31
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Luo X, Li Y, Lv W, Zhao F, Sun L, Peng Y, Wen Z, Zhong J, Zhang J. Position-dependent performance of copper phthalocyanine based field-effect transistors by gold nanoparticles modification. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:035201. [PMID: 25548878 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/3/035201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A facile fabrication and characteristics of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)-based organic field-effect transistor (OFET) using the gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) modification is reported, thereby achieving highly improved performance. The effect of Au NPs located at three different positions, that is, at the SiO2/CuPc interface (device B), embedding in the middle of CuPc layer (device C), and on the top of CuPc layer (device D), is investigated, and the results show that device D has the best performance. Compared with the device without Au NPs (reference device A), device D displays an improvement of field-effect mobility (μ(sat)) from 1.65 × 10(-3) to 5.51 × 10(-3) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), and threshold voltage decreases from -23.24 to -16.12 V. Therefore, a strategy for the performance improvement of the CuPc-based OFET with large field-effect mobility and saturation drain current is developed, on the basis of the concept of nanoscale Au modification. The model of an additional electron transport channel formation by FET operation at the Au NPs/CuPc interface is therefore proposed to explain the observed performance improvement. Optimum CuPc thickness is confirmed to be about 50 nm in the present study. The device-to-device uniformity and time stability are discussed for future application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Luo
- Institute of Microelectronics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, South Tianshui Road 222#, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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32
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Pérez-Madrigal MM, Armelin E, Puiggalí J, Alemán C. Insulating and semiconducting polymeric free-standing nanomembranes with biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:5904-5932. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00624d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Free-standing nanomembranes, which are emerging as versatile elements in biomedical applications, are evolving from being composed of insulating (bio)polymers to electroactive conducting polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. Pérez-Madrigal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- ETSEIB
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona E-08028
- Spain
| | - Elaine Armelin
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- ETSEIB
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona E-08028
- Spain
| | - Jordi Puiggalí
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- ETSEIB
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona E-08028
- Spain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- ETSEIB
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona E-08028
- Spain
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33
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Leydecker T, Trong Duong D, Salleo A, Orgiu E, Samorì P. Solution-processed field-effect transistors based on dihexylquaterthiophene films with performances exceeding those of vacuum-sublimed films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:21248-21255. [PMID: 25380324 DOI: 10.1021/am506245v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processable oligothiophenes are model systems for charge transport and fabrication of organic field-effect transistors (OFET) . Herein we report a structure vs function relationship study focused on the electrical characteristics of solution-processed dihexylquaterthiophene (DH4T)-based OFET. We show that by combining the tailoring of all interfaces in the bottom-contact bottom-gate transistor, via chemisorption of ad hoc molecules on electrodes and dielectric, with suitable choice of the film preparation conditions (including solvent type, concentration, volume, and deposition method), it is possible to fabricate devices exhibiting field-effect mobilities exceeding those of vacuum-processed DH4T transistors. In particular, the evaporation rate of the solvent, the processing temperature, as well as the concentration of the semiconducting material were found to hold a paramount importance in driving the self-assembly toward the formation of highly ordered and low-dimensional supramolecular architectures, confirming the kinetically governed nature of the self-assembly process. Among the various architectures, hundreds-of-micrometers long and thin DH4T crystallites exhibited enhanced charge transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Leydecker
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS , 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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34
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Yang K, He T, Chen X, Cheng SZD, Zhu Y. Patternable Conjugated Polymers with Latent Hydrogen-Bonding on the Main Chain. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501960t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Polymer Science,
College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, 170 University Circle, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Tianda He
- Department of Polymer Science,
College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, 170 University Circle, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Department of Polymer Science,
College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, 170 University Circle, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- Department of Polymer Science,
College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, 170 University Circle, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Polymer Science,
College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, 170 University Circle, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
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35
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Ondarse-Alvarez D, Oldani N, Tretiak S, Fernandez-Alberti S. Computational Study of Photoexcited Dynamics in Bichromophoric Cross-Shaped Oligofluorene. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:10742-53. [DOI: 10.1021/jp504720n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Ondarse-Alvarez
- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 352, B1876BXD Bernal, Argentina
| | - N. Oldani
- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 352, B1876BXD Bernal, Argentina
| | - S. Tretiak
- Theoretical
Division, Center for Nonlinear Studies (CNLS), and Center for Integrated
Nanotechnologies (CINT), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - S. Fernandez-Alberti
- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 352, B1876BXD Bernal, Argentina
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36
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Kim JH, Yu H, Liu R, Kim DY, So F. All solution-processed inorganic/organic hybrid permeable metal-base transistor. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:3650-3654. [PMID: 24811137 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201303959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
All solution-processed inorganic/organic hybrid permeable-base transistor (PMBT) based on nickel oxide emitter and P3HT collector is developed. Due to the high charge injection properties of nickel oxide and spontaneously formed nano-pinholes in the base electrode, the devices exhibit high common-base and common-emitter current gains up to 0.98 and 304, respectively with saturated output current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong H Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-6400, USA
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37
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Lee DH, Michael Yang Y, You J, Richard E, Li G. Immiscible solvents enabled nanostructure formation for efficient polymer photovoltaic cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:295401. [PMID: 24981571 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/29/295401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) fabricated via solution processing are an attractive way to realize low cost solar energy harvesting. Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) devices are the most successful design, but their morphology is less controllable. In this manuscript, we describe a simple approach to realize 'ordered' BHJ morphology using two immiscible solvents with different boiling point and a quasi-bilayer approach. Tunable fine structures were demonstrated in poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-Phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) model systems, and the devices with optimized fine structure showed a 33% efficiency enhancement compared to those with a planar bilayer structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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38
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Martín J, Campoy-Quiles M, Nogales A, Garriga M, Alonso MI, Goñi AR, Martín-González M. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) nanowires in porous alumina: internal structure under confinement. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:3335-3346. [PMID: 24637713 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm52378k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We study the structure of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) subjected to nanoscale confinement in two dimensions (2D) as imposed by the rigid walls of nanopore anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. P3HT nanowires with aspect ratios (length-to-diameter) above 1000 and diameters ranging between 15 nm and 350 nm are produced in the pores of the AAO templates via two processing routes. These are, namely, drying a solution or cooling from the melt. Our study focuses on the effects of nanoconfinement on the semicrystalline nature of the nanowires, the orientation of crystals, and the evolution of the structures that P3HT might develop under confinement, which we investigate by combining imaging (SEM), spectroscopic (FTIR, photoluminescence) and structural characterization (WAXS, DSC) techniques. Solution-processed P3HT nanowires are essentially amorphous and porous, whereas melt-processed nanowires are semicrystalline, and present a more compact morphology and smoother surfaces. In the latter case, the orientation of crystals was found to strongly depend on the pore diameter. In large diameter nanowires (250 nm and 120 nm), crystals are oriented laying the π-π stacking direction parallel to the nanowire axis. In contrast, in small diameter nanowires, the π-π stacking direction is mainly perpendicular to the nanowires, as crystals are likely to nucleate at pore walls. The structural evolution of P3HT upon heating into weakly (250 nm in diameter) and strongly (15 nm in diameter) confining pores has been studied. A complex set of structures is observed, i.e., crystals, a solid layered mesophase, a nematic/smectic mesophase, and the isotropic melt. Interestingly, a rare crystal polymorph (form II) is also observed under strong confinement conditions together with the usual lamellar crystal form I. Furthermore, we show that nanoconfinement stabilizes form II: such crystals are still present at 210 °C while in the bulk they get converted to form I crystals at around 50 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Martín
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid (IMM-CSIC), Calle de Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain.
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39
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Shao Q, Niu Z, Hirtz M, Jiang L, Liu Y, Wang Z, Chen X. High-performance and tailorable pressure sensor based on ultrathin conductive polymer film. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:1466-72. [PMID: 24851243 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201303601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
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40
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Johnson RS, Haworth JJ, Finnegan PS, Wheeler DR, Dirk SM. Conjugated Polymer Patterning through Photooxidative Backbone Cleavage. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:1116-20. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross S. Johnson
- Sandia National Laboratories, Organic Materials Department; P.O. Box 5800 Albuquerque New Mexico 87185 USA
| | - Jacob J. Haworth
- Sandia National Laboratories, Organic Materials Department; P.O. Box 5800 Albuquerque New Mexico 87185 USA
| | - Patrick S. Finnegan
- Sandia National Laboratories, Organic Materials Department; P.O. Box 5800 Albuquerque New Mexico 87185 USA
| | - David R. Wheeler
- Sandia National Laboratories; Biosensors and Nanomaterials Department; P.O. Box 5800 Albuquerque New Mexico 87185 USA
| | - Shawn M. Dirk
- Sandia National Laboratories, Organic Materials Department; P.O. Box 5800 Albuquerque New Mexico 87185 USA
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41
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Coelho EC, Nascimento VB, Ribeiro AS, Navarro M. Electrochemical and optical properties of new electrochromic and fluorescent nitrobenzoyl polypyrrole derivatives. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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42
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Bai W, Xiao X, Cai L, Xu Y, Lin J. Fabrication of morphology-controlled nano/microstructural polyfluorene in mixed nonsolvent vapor atmospheres. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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43
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Radivo A, Sovernigo E, Caputo M, Zilio SD, Endale T, Pozzato A, Goldoni A, Tormen M. Patterning PEDOT:PSS and tailoring its electronic properties by water-vapour-assisted nanoimprint lithography. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04807e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanopatterning PEDOT:PSS by a water-vapour-assisted nanoimprinting process results in a strong enhancement of conductivity and decrease of work function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Radivo
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali-CNR
- Laboratorio TASC
- I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- University of Trieste
- I-34127 Trieste, Italia
| | - Enrico Sovernigo
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali-CNR
- Laboratorio TASC
- I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- ThunderNIL srl
- 35131 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Simone Dal Zilio
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali-CNR
- Laboratorio TASC
- I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Tsegaye Endale
- Department of Chemistry
- Addis Ababa University
- Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | | | - Massimo Tormen
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali-CNR
- Laboratorio TASC
- I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- ThunderNIL srl
- 35131 Padova, Italy
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44
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45
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Xie LH, Yang SH, Lin JY, Yi MD, Huang W. Fluorene-based macromolecular nanostructures and nanomaterials for organic (opto)electronics. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2013; 371:20120337. [PMID: 24000368 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2012.0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology not only opens up the realm of nanoelectronics and nanophotonics, but also upgrades organic thin-film electronics and optoelectronics. In this review, we introduce polymer semiconductors and plastic electronics briefly, followed by various top-down and bottom-up nano approaches to organic electronics. Subsequently, we highlight the progress in polyfluorene-based nanoparticles and nanowires (nanofibres), their tunable optoelectronic properties as well as their applications in polymer light-emitting devices, solar cells, field-effect transistors, photodetectors, lasers, optical waveguides and others. Finally, an outlook is given with regard to four-element complex devices via organic nanotechnology and molecular manufacturing that will spread to areas such as organic mechatronics in the framework of robotic-directed science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Hai Xie
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Center for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices, Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China
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46
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Woo SA, Park JY, Kim SM, Kim JB. Interface imaging process for high resolution and high aspect ratio patterning. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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47
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Newby C, Lee JK, Ober CK. The solvent problem: Redissolution of macromolecules in solution-processed organic electronics. Macromol Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-013-1129-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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48
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Martín J, Nogales A, Martín-González M. The Smectic–Isotropic Transition of P3HT Determines the Formation of Nanowires or Nanotubes into Porous Templates. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma302516e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Martín
- IMM-Instituto de Microelectrónica
de Madrid, CNM-CSIC, Isaac Newton 8, PTM,
E-28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - Aurora Nogales
- Instituto de Estructura de la
Materia, IEM-CSIC, Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid,
Spain
| | - Marisol Martín-González
- IMM-Instituto de Microelectrónica
de Madrid, CNM-CSIC, Isaac Newton 8, PTM,
E-28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
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49
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Hlaing H, Lu X, Nam CY, Ocko BM. Water-vapor-assisted nanoimprinting of PEDOT:PSS thin films. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:3443-3447. [PMID: 22936648 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201201267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PEDOT:PSS thin films are successfully patterned using water-vapor-assisted nanoimprinting, a process compatible with organic electronic devices. The imprinted patterns are characterized via grazing-incident small-angle X-ray scattering and scanning electron microscopy. Superior pattern transfer quality of water-vapor assisted nanoimprinting over conventional thermal nanoimprinting is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htay Hlaing
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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50
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Bhattacharyya D, Howden RM, Borrelli DC, Gleason KK. Vapor phase oxidative synthesis of conjugated polymers and applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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