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Lin G, Lin Y, Sun B. Transparent graphene electrodes based hybrid perovskites photodetectors with broad spectral response from UV-visible to near-infrared. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:085204. [PMID: 34788747 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac3aaa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A new class of transparent graphene electrode based organic-inorganic halide perovskite photodetectors with broad spectral response is developed. These ultrasensitive devices exhibit high ON/OFF current ratio, high linear dynamic range, broad spectral range, excellent detection for weak light and easy fabrication with low-cost. Their semi-transparent feature and distinct photodetecting function for both sides would provide new applications affecting our daily lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoming Lin
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 117551, Singapore
- Center for Biosensing Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117557, Singapore
| | - Yuanwei Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoyun Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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Arivunithi VM, Park HY, Reddy SS, Do Y, Park H, Shin ES, Noh YY, Song M, Jin SH. Introducing an Organic Hole Transporting Material as a Bilayer to Improve the Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells. Macromol Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-021-9020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Gu J, Li F, Wang Z, Xie Y, Yan L, Zeng P, Yu H, Liu M. Morphology Tuning and Its Role in Optimization of Perovskite Films Fabricated from A Novel Nonhalide Lead Source. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002296. [PMID: 33304761 PMCID: PMC7709991 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Usage of nonhalide lead sources for fabricating perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has recently attracted increasing attention as a promising route toward realizing high quality PSC devices. However, the unique role of nonhalide lead sources in improving perovskite film morphology and PSC performance has largely remained unexplored, impeding broader application of these materials. Here, it is demonstrated that by using a new nonhalide lead source, lead formate (Pb(HCOO)2), good control of perovskite film morphology can be achieved. With the usage of lead formate, PbI2 can nicely border the perovskite grain boundaries (GBs) and form domain "walls" that segregate the individual perovskite crystal domains. The PbI2 at the GBs lead to significant improvement in film quality and device performance through passivating the defects at the perovskite GBs and suppressing lateral carrier diffusion. An impressive carrier lifetime at the microsecond scale (τ 2 = 1714 ns) is achieved, further with an optimal power conversion efficiency of 20.3% for the resulting devices. This work demonstrates a promising and effective method toward fabricating high-quality perovskites and high-efficiency PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwen Gu
- School of Materials and EnergyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731P. R. China
- Center for Applied ChemistryUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731P. R. China
| | - Faming Li
- School of Materials and EnergyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731P. R. China
- Center for Applied ChemistryUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731P. R. China
| | - Zenghui Wang
- Center for Applied ChemistryUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731P. R. China
| | - Yiran Xie
- School of Materials and EnergyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731P. R. China
- Center for Applied ChemistryUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731P. R. China
| | - Lihe Yan
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic TechniqueSchool of Electronics & Information EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Peng Zeng
- School of Materials and EnergyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731P. R. China
- Center for Applied ChemistryUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731P. R. China
| | - Hua Yu
- Institute of PhotovoltaicsSouthwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500P. R. China
| | - Mingzhen Liu
- School of Materials and EnergyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731P. R. China
- Center for Applied ChemistryUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731P. R. China
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Moot T, Werner J, Eperon GE, Zhu K, Berry JJ, McGehee MD, Luther JM. Choose Your Own Adventure: Fabrication of Monolithic All-Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2003312. [PMID: 33175442 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have transfixed the photovoltaic (PV) community due to their outstanding and tunable optoelectronic properties coupled to demonstrations of high-power conversion efficiencies (PCE) at a range of bandgaps. This has motivated the field to push perovskites to reach the highest possible performance. One way to increase the efficiency is by fabricating multijunction solar cells, which can split the solar spectrum, reducing thermalization loss. Low-cost all-perovskite tandems have a real chance to soon exceed 30% PCE, which could transform the PV industry. Achieving this goal requires the identification of perovskite sub-cells that are both highly efficient and can be effectively integrated. Herein, it is discussed how to navigate the multiple-choice adventure in choosing between the myriad of options and considerations present when deciding what perovskite materials, contact layers, and processing tools to use. Some of the potential fabrication pitfalls often encountered in MHP based tandem PVs are highlighted, so that they can hopefully be avoided in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Moot
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Jérémie Werner
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Giles E Eperon
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
- Swift Solar Inc, San Carlos, CA, 94070, USA
| | - Kai Zhu
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Joseph J Berry
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Michael D McGehee
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Joseph M Luther
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
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Geng X, Wang F, Tian H, Feng Q, Zhang H, Liang R, Shen Y, Ju Z, Gou GY, Deng N, Li YT, Ren J, Xie D, Yang Y, Ren TL. Ultrafast Photodetector by Integrating Perovskite Directly on Silicon Wafer. ACS NANO 2020; 14:2860-2868. [PMID: 32027117 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Single-crystal (SC) perovskite is currently a promising material due to its high quantum efficiency and long diffusion length. However, the reported perovskite photodetection range (<800 nm) and response time (>10 μs) are still limited. Here, to promote the development of perovskite-integrated optoelectronic devices, this work demonstrates wider photodetection range and shorter response time perovskite photodetector by integrating the SC CH3NH3PbBr3 (MAPbBr3) perovskite on silicon (Si). The Si/MAPbBr3 heterojunction photodetector with an improved interface exhibits high-speed, broad-spectrum, and long-term stability performances. To the best of our knowledge, the measured detectable spectrum (405-1064 nm) largely expands the widest response range reported in previous perovskite-based photodetectors. In addition, the rise time is as fast as 520 ns, which is comparable to that of commercial germanium photodetectors. Moreover, the Si/MAPbBr3 device can maintain excellent photocurrent performance for up to 3 months. Furthermore, typical gray scale face imaging is realized by scanning the Si/MAPbBr3 single-pixel photodetector. This work using an ultrafast photodetector by directly integrating perovskite on Si can promote advances in next-generation integrated optoelectronic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangshun Geng
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fangwei Wang
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - He Tian
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qixin Feng
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hainan Zhang
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Renrong Liang
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhenyi Ju
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guang-Yang Gou
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ningqin Deng
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu-Tao Li
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dan Xie
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tian-Ling Ren
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Liao JF, Wu WQ, Jiang Y, Zhong JX, Wang L, Kuang DB. Understanding of carrier dynamics, heterojunction merits and device physics: towards designing efficient carrier transport layer-free perovskite solar cells. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:354-381. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs01012a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent advances in the carrier transport layer-free perovskite solar cells and elucidates the fundamental carrier dynamics, heterojunction merits and device physics towards mysterious high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
| | - Wu-Qiang Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
| | - Yong Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
| | - Jun-Xing Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- Nanomaterials Centre
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Dai-Bin Kuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
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Jiang Y, Wang X, Pan A. Properties of Excitons and Photogenerated Charge Carriers in Metal Halide Perovskites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806671. [PMID: 31106917 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have recently attracted great attention from the scientific community due to their excellent photovoltaic performance as well as their tremendous potential for other optoelectronic applications such as light-emitting diodes, lasers, and photodetectors. Despite the rapid progress in device applications, a solid understanding of the photophysical properties behind the device performance is highly desirable for MHPs. Here, the properties of excitons and photogenerated charge carriers in MHPs are explored. The unique dielectric constant properties, crystal-liquid duality, and fundamental optical processes of MHPs are first discussed. The properties of excitons and related phenomena in MHPs are then detailed, including the exciton binding energy determined by various methods and their influence factors, exciton dynamics, exciton-photon coupling and related applications, and exciton-phonon coupling in MHPs. The properties of photogenerated free charge carriers in MHPs such as the carrier diffusion length, mobility, and recombination are described. Recent progress in various applications is also demonstrated. Finally, a conclusion and perspectives of future studies for MHPs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Anlian Pan
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410012, China
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Yeo JS, Seo YH, Jung CH, Na SI. Structural design considerations of solution-processable graphenes as interfacial materials via a controllable synthesis method for the achievement of highly efficient, stable, and printable planar perovskite solar cells. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:890-900. [PMID: 30406791 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr05698f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processable graphenes (represented by reduced graphene oxides, rGOs) have shown promising abilities as HTLs in perovskite solar cells (PeSCs). However, there has been no attempt to systematically tailor the characteristics of rGOs to the specifications of PeSCs. Furthermore, the applications of rGO HTLs have been limited to the spin-coating system, which is incompatible with roll-to-roll manufacturing. Here, with the aid of a polymer-graphene hybrid structure and a controllable synthesis method, we successfully developed a much more feasible rGO HTL and demonstrated highly efficient, stable, and printable p-i-n planar PeSCs with facile one-step processing. The characteristics of the developed polyacrylonitrile-grafted rGOs (PRGOs) were optimized by varying the synthesis conditions including the γ-radiation intensity (200, 400, and 600 kGy) and the concentration of the acrylonitrile (AN) precursor (2, 4, and 6 wt%). It is revealed that the PRGO synthesized with a lower AN concentration and a higher irradiation intensity (PRGO_2-600) is the most suitable one for PeSC HTL. PRGO_2-600 effectively raises the average power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of PeSCs by ∼36% compared to those of conventional PeSCs using PEDOT:PSS HTL. The comprehensive investigations confirm that the enhanced device efficiency stems from (1) the favorable interlayer characteristics of the PRGO itself and (2) the well-crystallized perovskite layer grown on the PRGO. In addition to the PCE, thechemically inert PRGOs can also maintain their electrical properties over time and retard the decomposition of perovskite films, thereby prolonging the operation time of PeSCs in the atmosphere. More importantly, the applicability of the PRGO HTL is clearly verified even in the roll-to-roll compatible slot-die coating system, exhibiting comparable performances to those of the spin-coating system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Seok Yeo
- Carbon Convergence Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 92 Chudong-Ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
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Khadka DB, Shirai Y, Yanagida M, Noda T, Miyano K. Tailoring the Open-Circuit Voltage Deficit of Wide-Band-Gap Perovskite Solar Cells Using Alkyl Chain-Substituted Fullerene Derivatives. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:22074-22082. [PMID: 29888594 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b04439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Wide-band-gap (WB) perovskite devices are promising as the top cell of silicon-perovskite tandem devices to boost the efficiency beyond the Shockley-Queisser limit. Here, we tailor the performance parameters of WB mixed-halide perovskite solar cell with long alkyl chain-substituted fullerene derivatives as an electron transport layer (ETL). The device with C60-fused N-methylpyrrolidine- meta-dodecyl phenyl (C60MC12) demonstrates an enhanced power conversion efficiency of 16.74% with the record open circuit voltage ( VOC) of 1.24 V, an increase by 70 mV with concomitant VOC deficit reduction to 0.47 V. This is achieved by mitigating the recombination loss through the use of highly crystalline C60MC12 film compared to amorphous [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester layer. The device analysis reveals the soothing of the defect activities with shallower defect states and passivation of the interface recombination centers for the device with C60MC12. We ascribe this property to the crystallinity of fullerene derivatives as ETL, which is also important for the optimization of device parameters, besides the band alignment matching of WB perovskite devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Takeshi Noda
- Photovoltaic Materials Group , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-2-1 Sengen , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0047 , Japan
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Yu JH, Lee CH, Joh HI, Yeo JS, Na SI. Synergetic effects of solution-processable fluorinated graphene and PEDOT as a hole-transporting layer for highly efficient and stable normal-structure perovskite solar cells. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:17167-17173. [PMID: 28786463 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr03963h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that a bi-interlayer consisting of water-free poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and fluorinated reduced graphene oxide (FrGO) noticeably enhances the efficiency and the stability of the normal-structure perovskite solar cells (PeSCs). With simple and low temperature solution-processing, the PeSC employing the PEDOT + FrGO interlayer exhibits a significantly improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.9%. Comprehensive investigations indicate that the enhanced PCE is mostly attributed to the retarded recombination in the devices. The minimized recombination phenomena are related to the interfacial dipoles at the PEDOT/FrGO interface, which facilitates the electron-blocking and the higher built-in potential in the devices. Furthermore, the PEDOT + FrGO device shows a better stability by maintaining 70% of the initial PCE over the 30 days exposure to ambient conditions. This is because the more hydrophobic graphitic sheets of the FrGO on the PEDOT further protect the perovskite films from oxygen/water penetration. Consequently, the introduction of composite interfacial layers including graphene derivatives can be an effective and versatile strategy for high-performing, stable, and cost-effective PeSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hun Yu
- Professional Graduate School of Flexible and Printable Electronics and Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 561-756, Republic of Korea.
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Wolff CM, Zu F, Paulke A, Toro LP, Koch N, Neher D. Reduced Interface-Mediated Recombination for High Open-Circuit Voltages in CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1700159. [PMID: 28547858 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells with all-organic transport layers exhibit efficiencies rivaling their counterparts that employ inorganic transport layers, while avoiding high-temperature processing. Herein, it is investigated how the choice of the fullerene derivative employed in the electron-transporting layer of inverted perovskite cells affects the open-circuit voltage (VOC ). It is shown that nonradiative recombination mediated by the electron-transporting layer is the limiting factor for the VOC in the cells. By inserting an ultrathin layer of an insulating polymer between the active CH3 NH3 PbI3 perovskite and the fullerene, an external radiative efficiency of up to 0.3%, a VOC as high as 1.16 V, and a power conversion efficiency of 19.4% are realized. The results show that the reduction of nonradiative recombination due to charge-blocking at the perovskite/organic interface is more important than proper level alignment in the search for ideal selective contacts toward high VOC and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Wolff
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14776, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Fengshuo Zu
- Institut für Physik & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 6, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Paulke
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14776, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lorena Perdigón Toro
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14776, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Norbert Koch
- Institut für Physik & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 6, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dieter Neher
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14776, Potsdam, Germany
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Lin Y, Chen B, Zhao F, Zheng X, Deng Y, Shao Y, Fang Y, Bai Y, Wang C, Huang J. Matching Charge Extraction Contact for Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29. [PMID: 28466976 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Efficient wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells are needed to boost the efficiency of silicon solar cells to beyond Schottky-Queisser limit, but they suffer from a larger open circuit voltage (VOC ) deficit than narrower bandgap ones. Here, it is shown that one major limitation of VOC in WBG perovskite solar cells comes from the nonmatched energy levels of charge transport layers. Indene-C60 bisadduct (ICBA) with higher-lying lowest-unoccupied-molecular-orbital is needed for WBG perovskite solar cells, while its energy-disorder needs to be minimized before a larger VOC can be observed. A simple method is applied to reduce the energy disorder by isolating isomer ICBA-tran3 from the as-synthesized ICBA-mixture. WBG perovskite solar cells with ICBA-tran3 show enhanced VOC by 60 mV, reduced VOC deficit of 0.5 V, and then a record stabilized power conversion efficiency of 18.5%. This work points out the importance of matching the charge transport layers in perovskite solar cells when the perovskites have a different composition and energy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Lin
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Fuwen Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zheng
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Yehao Deng
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Yuchuan Shao
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Yanjun Fang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Chunru Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jinsong Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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14
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Guse JA, Soufiani AM, Jiang L, Kim J, Cheng YB, Schmidt TW, Ho-Baillie A, McCamey DR. Spectral dependence of direct and trap-mediated recombination processes in lead halide perovskites using time resolved microwave conductivity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 18:12043-9. [PMID: 27067120 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07360j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Elucidating the decay mechanisms of photoexcited charge carriers is key to improving the efficiency of solar cells based on organo-lead halide perovskites. Here we investigate the spectral dependence (via above-, inter- and sub-bandgap optical excitations) of direct and trap-mediated decay processes in CH3NH3PbI3 using time resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC). We find that the total end-of-pulse mobility is excitation wavelength dependent - the mobility is maximized (172 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1)) when charge carriers are excited by near bandgap light (780 nm) in the low charge carrier density regime (10(9) photons per cm(2)), and is lower for above- and sub-bandgap excitations. Direct recombination is found to occur on the 100-400 ns timescale across excitation wavelengths near and above the bandgap, whereas indirect recombination processes displayed distinct behaviour following above- and sub-bandgap excitations, suggesting the influence of different trap distributions on recombination dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna A Guse
- School of Physics, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Arman M Soufiani
- Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Liangcong Jiang
- Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jincheol Kim
- Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yi-Bing Cheng
- Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | | | - Anita Ho-Baillie
- Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP), School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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15
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Garrett JL, Tennyson EM, Hu M, Huang J, Munday JN, Leite MS. Real-Time Nanoscale Open-Circuit Voltage Dynamics of Perovskite Solar Cells. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:2554-2560. [PMID: 28226210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites based on methylammonium lead (MAPbI3) are an emerging material with great potential for high-performance and low-cost photovoltaics. However, for perovskites to become a competitive and reliable solar cell technology their instability and spatial variation must be understood and controlled. While the macroscopic characterization of the devices as a function of time is very informative, a nanoscale identification of their real-time local optoelectronic response is still missing. Here, we implement a four-dimensional imaging method through illuminated heterodyne Kelvin probe force microscopy to spatially (<50 nm) and temporally (16 s/scan) resolve the voltage of perovskite solar cells in a low relative humidity environment. Local open-circuit voltage (Voc) images show nanoscale sites with voltage variation >300 mV under 1-sun illumination. Surprisingly, regions of voltage that relax in seconds and after several minutes consistently coexist. Time-dependent changes of the local Voc are likely due to intragrain ion migration and are reversible at low injection level. These results show for the first time the real-time transient behavior of the Voc in perovskite solar cells at the nanoscale. Understanding and controlling the light-induced electrical changes that affect device performance are critical to the further development of stable perovskite-based solar technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miao Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nebraska , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Jinsong Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nebraska , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Jeremy N Munday
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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16
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Abstract
Twenty years after layer-type metal halide perovskites were successfully developed, 3D metal halide perovskites (shortly, perovskites) were recently rediscovered and are attracting multidisciplinary interest from physicists, chemists, and material engineers. Perovskites have a crystal structure composed of five atoms per unit cell (ABX3) with cation A positioned at a corner, metal cation B at the center, and halide anion X at the center of six planes and unique optoelectronic properties determined by the crystal structure. Because of very narrow spectra (full width at half-maximum ≤20 nm), which are insensitive to the crystallite/grain/particle dimension and wide wavelength range (400 nm ≤ λ ≤ 780 nm), perovskites are expected to be promising high-color purity light emitters that overcome inherent problems of conventional organic and inorganic quantum dot emitters. Within the last 2 y, perovskites have already demonstrated their great potential in light-emitting diodes by showing high electroluminescence efficiency comparable to those of organic and quantum dot light-emitting diodes. This article reviews the progress of perovskite emitters in two directions of bulk perovskite polycrystalline films and perovskite nanoparticles, describes current challenges, and suggests future research directions for researchers to encourage them to collaborate and to make a synergetic effect in this rapidly emerging multidisciplinary field.
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17
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Hu M, Bi C, Yuan Y, Bai Y, Huang J. Stabilized Wide Bandgap MAPbBr x I 3-x Perovskite by Enhanced Grain Size and Improved Crystallinity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2016; 3:1500301. [PMID: 27774406 PMCID: PMC5064729 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201500301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The light instability of CH3NH3PbI x Br3-x is one of the biggest challenges for its application in tandem solar cells. Here we show that an improved crystallinity and grain size of CH3NH3PbI x Br3-x films could stabilize these materials under one sun illumination, improving both the efficiency and stability of the wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Hu
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska 68588 USA
| | - Cheng Bi
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska 68588 USA
| | - Yongbo Yuan
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska 68588 USA
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska 68588 USA
| | - Jinsong Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska 68588 USA
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18
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Seo YH, Yeo JS, Myoung N, Yim SY, Kang M, Kim DY, Na SI. Blending of n-type Semiconducting Polymer and PC61BM for an Efficient Electron-Selective Material to Boost the Performance of the Planar Perovskite Solar Cell. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:12822-12829. [PMID: 27160866 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b02478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The highly efficient CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell (PeSC) is simply achieved by employing a blended electron-transport layer (ETL) consisting of PC61BM and P(NDI2OD-T2). The high molecular weight of P(NDI2OD-T2) allows for a thinned ETL with a uniform morphology that optimizes the PC61BM ETL more effectively. As a result of this enhancement, the power conversion efficiency of a PC61BM:P(NDI2OD-T2)-based PeSC is 25% greater than that of the conventional PC61BM based-PeSC; additionally, the incorporation of P(NDI2OD-T2) into PC61BM attenuates the dependence of the PeSC on the ETL-processing conditions regarding its performance. It is revealed that, in addition to the desirable n-type semiconducting characteristics of PC61BM:P(NDI2OD-T2)-including a higher electron-mobility and a more-effective electron selectivity of a blended ETL for an efficient electron extraction-the superior performance of a PC61BM:P(NDI2OD-T2) device is the result of a thinned and uniformly covered ETL on the perovskite layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Hyun Seo
- Professional Graduate School of Flexible and Printable Electronics and Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center, Chonbuk National University , Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Seok-In Na
- Professional Graduate School of Flexible and Printable Electronics and Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center, Chonbuk National University , Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 561-756, Republic of Korea
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19
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Yang L, Barrows AT, Lidzey DG, Wang T. Recent progress and challenges of organometal halide perovskite solar cells. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2016; 79:026501. [PMID: 26824626 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/79/2/026501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We review recent progress in the development of organometal halide perovskite solar cells. We discuss different compounds used to construct perovskite photoactive layers, as well as the optoelectronic properties of this system. The factors that affect the morphology of the perovskite active layer are explored, e.g. material composition, film deposition methods, casting solvent and various post-treatments. Different strategies are reviewed that have recently emerged to prepare high performing perovskite films, creating polycrystalline films having either large or small grain size. Devices that are constructed using meso-superstructured and planar architectures are summarized and the impact of the fabrication process on operational efficiency is discussed. Finally, important research challenges (hysteresis, thermal and moisture instability, mechanical flexibility, as well as the development of lead-free materials) in the development of perovskite solar cells are outlined and their potential solutions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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20
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Bae JH, Noh YJ, Kang M, Kim DY, Kim HB, Oh SH, Yun JM, Na SI. Enhanced performance of perovskite solar cells with solution-processed n-doping of the PCBM interlayer. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13082h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report a facile and efficient sequential n-doping method to increase the device performance of planar-type organic/inorganic perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ho Bae
- Professional Graduate School of Flexible and Printable Electronics and Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center
- Chonbuk National University
- Jeonju-si
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Noh
- Professional Graduate School of Flexible and Printable Electronics and Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center
- Chonbuk National University
- Jeonju-si
- Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Gwangju 500-712
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yu Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Gwangju 500-712
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Bin Kim
- Radiation Research Division for Industry & Environment
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI)
- Jeongeup
- Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Oh
- Radiation Research Division for Industry & Environment
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI)
- Jeongeup
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Mun Yun
- Radiation Research Division for Industry & Environment
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI)
- Jeongeup
- Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-In Na
- Professional Graduate School of Flexible and Printable Electronics and Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center
- Chonbuk National University
- Jeonju-si
- Republic of Korea
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21
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Chae J, Dong Q, Huang J, Centrone A. Chloride Incorporation Process in CH₃NH₃PbI(3-x)Cl(x) Perovskites via Nanoscale Bandgap Maps. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:8114-21. [PMID: 26528710 PMCID: PMC4746708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x) perovskites enable fabrication of highly efficient solar cells. Chloride ions benefit the morphology, carrier diffusion length, and stability of perovskite films; however, whether those benefits stem from the presence of Cl(-) in the precursor solution or from their incorporation in annealed films is debated. In this work, the photothermal-induced resonance, an in situ technique with nanoscale resolution, is leveraged to measure the bandgap of CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x) films obtained by a multicycle coating process that produces high efficiency (∼16%) solar cells. Because chloride ions modify the perovskite lattice, thereby widening the bandgap, measuring the bandgap locally yields the local chloride content. After a mild annealing (60 min, 60 °C) the films consist of Cl-rich (x < 0.3) and Cl-poor phases that upon further annealing (110 °C) evolve into a homogeneous Cl-poorer (x < 0.06) phase, suggesting that methylammonium-chrloride is progressively expelled from the film. Despite the small chloride content, CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x) films show better thermal stability up to 140 °C with respect CH3NH3PbI3 films fabricated with the same methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungseok Chae
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
- Maryland Nanocenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - Qingfeng Dong
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0656, USA
| | - Jinsong Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0656, USA
| | - Andrea Centrone
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
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22
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Collavini S, Völker SF, Delgado JL. Understanding the Outstanding Power Conversion Efficiency of Perovskite‐Based Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Collavini
- BERC POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia‐San Sebastián (Spain) http://www.polymat.eu/en/groups/hybrids‐materials‐for‐photovoltaics
| | - Sebastian F. Völker
- BERC POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia‐San Sebastián (Spain) http://www.polymat.eu/en/groups/hybrids‐materials‐for‐photovoltaics
| | - Juan Luis Delgado
- BERC POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia‐San Sebastián (Spain) http://www.polymat.eu/en/groups/hybrids‐materials‐for‐photovoltaics
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao (Spain)
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23
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Collavini S, Völker SF, Delgado JL. Perowskit-Solarzellen: dem hohen Wirkungsgrad auf der Spur. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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