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Zeng X, Zhu BB, Qiu W, Li WL, Zheng XH, Xu B. A review of the preparation and applications of wrinkled graphene oxide. NEW CARBON MATERIALS 2022; 37:290-302. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-5805(22)60594-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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2
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Nitrogen-doped hollow graphite granule as anode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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3
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Tambrallimath V, Keshavamurthy R, Bavan SD, Patil AY, Yunus Khan TM, Badruddin IA, Kamangar S. Mechanical Properties of PC-ABS-Based Graphene-Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites Fabricated by FDM Process. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13172951. [PMID: 34502992 PMCID: PMC8433695 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This experimental study investigates the mechanical properties of polymer matrix composites containing nanofiller developed by fused deposition modelling (FDM). A novel polymer nanocomposite was developed by amalgamating polycarbonate-acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (PC-ABS) by blending with graphene nanoparticles in the following proportions: 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 wt %. The composite filaments were developed using a twin-screw extrusion method. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength, low-velocity impact strength, and surface roughness of pure PC-ABS and PC-ABS + graphene were compared. It was observed that with the addition of graphene, tensile strength and impact strength improved, and a reduction in surface roughness was observed along the build direction. These properties were analyzed to understand the dispersion of graphene in the PC-ABS matrix and its effects on the parameters of the study. With the 0.8 wt % addition of graphene to PC-ABS, the tensile strength increased by 57%, and the impact resistance increased by 87%. A reduction in surface roughness was noted for every incremental addition of graphene to PC-ABS. The highest decrement was seen for the 0.8 wt % addition of graphene reinforcement that amounted to 40% compared to PC-ABS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Tambrallimath
- Department of Automobile Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore 560078, India; or
| | - R. Keshavamurthy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore 560078, India
- Correspondence: or
| | - Saravana D. Bavan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore 560078, India;
| | - Arun Y. Patil
- School of Mechanical Engineering, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India; or
| | - T. M. Yunus Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.Y.K.); (I.A.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Irfan Anjum Badruddin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.Y.K.); (I.A.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Sarfaraz Kamangar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.Y.K.); (I.A.B.); (S.K.)
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Kim YH, Lee GW, Choi YJ, Kim KB. In Situ Growth of Novel Graphene Nanostructures in Reduced Graphene Oxide Microspherical Assembly with Restacking-Resistance and Inter-Particle Contacts for Energy Storage Devices. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101930. [PMID: 34216430 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is extensively investigated for various energy storage systems. However, the very low density (<0.01 g cm-3 ) of graphene nanosheets has hindered its further applications. To solve this issue, a controlled assembly of 2D graphene building blocks should be developed into graphene microspheres with high packing density, and restacking of graphene should be prevented to ensure an electrochemically accessible surface area during the assembly. Furthermore, graphene microspheres should have multiple 1D external conductive architecture to promote contacts with the neighbors. This study reports in situ growth of novel graphene nanostructures in reduced graphene oxide microspherical assembly (denoted as GT/GnS@rGB) with restacking resistance and interparticle contacts, for electrochemical energy storage. The GT/GnS@rGB showed high gravimetric (231.8 F g-1 ) and volumetric (181.5 F cm-3 ) capacitances at 0.2 A g-1 in organic electrolyte with excellent rate capabilities of 94.3% (@ 0.2 vs 10 Ag-1 ). Furthermore, GT/GnS@rGB exhibited excellent cycling stability (96.1% of the initial capacitance after 100 000 charge/discharge cycles at 2 A g-1 ). As demonstrated in the electrochemical evaluation as electrode materials for electrical double-layer capacitors, unique structural and textural features of the GT/GnS@rGB would be beneficial in the use of graphene assembly for energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hwan Kim
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-Woo Lee
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Jun Choi
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Bum Kim
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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She Z, Uceda M, Pope MA. Controlling Void Space in Crumpled Graphene-Encapsulated Silicon Anodes using Sacrificial Polystyrene Nanoparticles. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:2952-2962. [PMID: 34032004 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silicon anodes have a theoretical capacity of 3590 mAh g-1 (for Li15 Si4 , at room temperature), which is tenfold higher than the graphite anodes used in current Li-ion batteries. This, and silicon's natural abundance, makes it one of the most promising materials for next-generation batteries. Encapsulating silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) in a crumpled graphene shell by spray drying or spray pyrolysis are promising and scalable methods to produce core-shell structures, which buffer the extreme volume change (>300 vol %) caused by (de)lithiaton of silicon. However, capillary forces cause the graphene-based materials to tightly wrap around Si NP clusters, and there is little control over the void space required to further improve cycle life. Herein, a simple strategy is developed to engineer void-space within the core by incorporating varying amounts of similarly sized polystyrene (PS) nanospheres in the spray drier feed mixture. The PS completely decomposes during thermal reduction of the graphene oxide shell and results in Si cores of varying porosity. The best performance is achieved at a 1 : 1 ratio (PS/Si), leading to high capacities of 1638, 1468, and 1179 mAh g-1 Si+rGO at 0.1, 1, and 4 A g-1 , respectively. Moreover, at 1 A g-1 , the capacity retention is 80.6 % after 200 cycles. At a practical active material loading of 2.4 mg cm-2 , the electrodes achieve an areal capacity of 2.26 mAh cm-2 at 1 A g-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimin She
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Marianna Uceda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Michael A Pope
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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Shi Y, Wei W, Shen L, Bao N. Rapid Production of Thermally Exfoliated Graphene with a Large Specific Surface Area by Introducing a Spray Predrying Process. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yexun Shi
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P. R. China
| | - Liming Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P. R. China
| | - Ningzhong Bao
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P. R. China
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Optimization of Spray-Drying Process with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for Preparing High Quality Graphene Oxide Slurry. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9071116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The “Drying-redissolution” method is promising for the industrial production of high-concentration well-dispersed graphene oxide slurry (GOS). As the potential key step in this method, the spray drying process requires a statistical investigation which guides the large-scale preparation of graphene oxide powder (GOP). This work systematically studies the effects of operating parameters, including nozzle airflow rate (439–895 L·h−1), atomization pressure (0.5–0.7 MPa), and liquid feed rate (3.0–9.0 mL·min−1), by using the response surface methodology integrated Box–Behnken design (RSM–BBD), aiming to produce GOP with high yield and easy re-dispersion. The optimized spray drying condition is predicted to be 439 L·h−1, 0.59 MPa, and 9.0 mL·min−1, at which a powder yield of 70.45% can be achieved. The experimentally obtained GOP has an average particle size of 11.65 μm and the low crumpling degree of the particle morphology results in the good re-dispersibility (97.95%) and excellent adsorption performance (244.1 mg·g−1) of GOP. The GOS prepared by the spray-dried GOP possess low viscosity and high exfoliation efficiency with a single-layer fraction up to 90.8%, exhibiting good prospects for application. This work first applied the RSM–BBD model on the spray drying process of GO, and evidenced the possibility of producing high-quality GO slurry with the “drying-redissolution” method.
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Silmore KS, Strano MS, Swan JW. Buckling, crumpling, and tumbling of semiflexible sheets in simple shear flow. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:4707-4718. [PMID: 33978658 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm02184a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As 2D materials such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, and 2D polymers become more prevalent, solution processing and colloidal-state properties are being exploited to create advanced and functional materials. However, our understanding of the fundamental behavior of 2D sheets and membranes in fluid flow is still lacking. In this work, we perform numerical simulations of athermal semiflexible sheets with hydrodynamic interactions in shear flow. For sheets initially oriented near the flow-vorticity plane, we find buckling instabilities of different mode numbers that vary with bending stiffness and can be understood with a quasi-static model of elasticity. For different initial orientations, chaotic tumbling trajectories are observed. Notably, we find that sheets fold or crumple before tumbling but do not stretch again upon applying greater shear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S Silmore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - James W Swan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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9
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She Z, Gad M, Ma Z, Li Y, Pope MA. Enhanced Cycle Stability of Crumpled Graphene-Encapsulated Silicon Anodes via Polydopamine Sealing. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:12293-12305. [PMID: 34056382 PMCID: PMC8154123 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite silicon being a promising candidate for next-generation lithium-ion battery anodes, self-pulverization and the formation of an unstable solid electrolyte interface, caused by the large volume expansion during lithiation/delithiation, have slowed its commercialization. In this work, we expand on a controllable approach to wrap silicon nanoparticles in a crumpled graphene shell by sealing this shell with a polydopamine-based coating. This provides improved structural stability to buffer the volume change of Si, as demonstrated by a remarkable cycle life, with anodes exhibiting a capacity of 1038 mA h/g after 200 cycles at 1 A/g. The resulting composite displays a high capacity of 1672 mA h/g at 0.1 A/g and can still retain 58% when the current density increases to 4 A/g. A systematic investigation of the impact of spray-drying parameters on the crumpled graphene morphology and its impact on battery performance is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimin She
- Quantum-Nano Centre, Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mariam Gad
- Quantum-Nano Centre, Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhong Ma
- Quantum-Nano Centre, Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuning Li
- Quantum-Nano Centre, Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael A. Pope
- Quantum-Nano Centre, Department of
Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Structure-dependent re-dispersibility of graphene oxide powders prepared by fast spray drying. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Kim JH, Kim JM, Lee GW, Shim GH, Lim ST, Kim KM, Nguyen Vo TT, Kweon B, Wongwises S, Jerng DW, Kim MH, Ahn HS. Advanced Boiling-A Scalable Strategy for Self-Assembled Three-Dimensional Graphene. ACS NANO 2021; 15:2839-2848. [PMID: 33534540 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Currently, researchers are paying much attention to the development of effective 3D graphene for applications in energy storage and environmental purification. Before commercialization, however, it is necessary to develop a method that allows for the large-scale production of such materials and enables good control over their structural and chemical properties. With this objective, we herein developed a simple method for the formation of large-scale (4 in. wafer) 3D graphene networks via the self-assembly of graphene sheets at a superheated liquid-vapor interface. The structural morphology of this porous network could be modified by controlling the vaporization rate, surface temperature of the target substrate, and amount of discharged colloids. The key mechanism behind this intriguing result was investigated by high-speed visualization of microdroplet behavior and extensive thermal analysis. This self-assembled 3D graphene had excellent electrical and mechanical properties. Our approach can be directly used for the mass production of graphene-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- AHN Materials Inc., Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Technology Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju 28173, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil Won Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Hyeon Shim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Taek Lim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Koung Moon Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi To Nguyen Vo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyeon Kweon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Somchai Wongwises
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology (KMUTT), Thonburi 10140, Thailand
- National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Dong Wook Jerng
- School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Hwan Kim
- Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Seon Ahn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- AHN Materials Inc., Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
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12
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Aderyani S, Shah SA, Masoudi A, Green MJ, Lutkenhaus JL, Ardebili H. Comparison of Nanoarchitecture to Porous Media Diffusion Models in Reduced Graphene Oxide/Aramid Nanofiber Electrodes for Supercapacitors. ACS NANO 2020; 14:5314-5323. [PMID: 32202753 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Structural electrodes made of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and aramid nanofiber (ANF) are promising candidates for future structural supercapacitors. In this study, the influence of nanoarchitecture on the effective ionic diffusivity, porosity, and tortuosity in rGO/ANF structural electrodes is investigated through multiphysics computational modeling. Two specific nanoarchitectures, namely, "house of cards" and "layered" structures, are evaluated. The results obtained from nanoarchitecture computational modeling are compared to the porous media approach and show that the widely used porous electrode theories, such as Bruggeman or Millington-Quirk relations, overestimate the effective diffusion coefficient. Also, the results from nanoarchitecture modeling are validated with experimental measurements obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The effective diffusion coefficients obtained from nanoarchitectural modeling show better agreement with experimental measurements. Evaluation of microscopic properties such as porosity, tortuosity, and effective diffusivity through both experiment and simulation is essential to understand the material behavior and to improve its performance.
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Yan Y, Zhao X, Dou H, Wei J, Sun Z, He YS, Dong Q, Xu H, Yang X. MXene Frameworks Promote the Growth and Stability of LiF-Rich Solid-Electrolyte Interphases on Silicon Nanoparticle Bundles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:18541-18550. [PMID: 32239911 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Silicon-based materials are the desirable anodes for next-generation lithium-ion batteries; however, the large volume change of Si during the charging/discharging process causes electrode fracture and an unstable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer, which severely impair their stability and Coulombic efficiency. Herein, a bundle of silicon nanoparticles is encapsulated in robust micrometer-sized MXene frameworks, in which the MXene nanosheets are precrumpled by capillary compression force to effectively buffer the stress induced by the volume change, and the abundant covalent bonds (Ti-O-Ti) between adjacent nanosheets formed through a facile thermal self-cross-linking reaction further guarantee the robustness of the MXene architecture. Both factors stabilize the electrode structure. Moreover, the abundant fluorine terminations on MXene nanosheets contribute to an in situ formation of a highly compact, durable, and mechanically robust LiF-rich SEI layer outside the frameworks upon cycling, which not only shuts down the parasitic reaction between Si and an organic electrolyte but also enhances the structural stability of MXene frameworks. Benefiting from these merits, the as-prepared anodes deliver a high specific capacity of 1797 mA h g-1 at 0.2 A g-1 and a high capacity retention of 86.7% after 500 cycles at 2 A g-1 with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.6%. Significantly, this work paves the way for other high-capacity electrode materials with a strong volume effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuantao Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Huanglin Dou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Jingjiang Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Zhihua Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China
| | - Yu-Shi He
- Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Hitachi (China) Research & Development Corporation, Rui Jin Building, No. 205 Maoming Road(S), Shanghai 200020, China
| | - Haisong Xu
- Hitachi (China) Research & Development Corporation, Rui Jin Building, No. 205 Maoming Road(S), Shanghai 200020, China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China
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Park JS, Kim JK, Hong JH, Cho JS, Park SK, Kang YC. Advances in the synthesis and design of nanostructured materials by aerosol spray processes for efficient energy storage. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:19012-19057. [PMID: 31410433 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05575d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for energy storage has motivated the search for highly efficient electrode materials for use in rechargeable batteries with enhanced energy density and longer cycle life. One of the most promising strategies for achieving improved battery performance is altering the architecture of nanostructured materials employed as electrode materials in the energy storage field. Among numerous synthetic methods suggested for the fabrication of nanostructured materials, aerosol spray techniques such as spray pyrolysis, spray drying, and flame spray pyrolysis are reliable, as they are facile, cost-effective, and continuous processes that enable the synthesis of nanostructured electrode materials with desired morphologies and compositions with controlled stoichiometry. The post-treatment of spray-processed powders enables the fabrication of oxide, sulfide, and selenide nanostructures hybridized with carbonaceous materials including amorphous carbon, reduced graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, etc. In this article, recent progress in the synthesis of nanostructured electrode materials by spray processes and their general formation mechanisms are discussed in detail. A brief introduction to the working principles of each spray process is given first, and synthetic strategies for the design of electrode materials for lithium-ion, sodium-ion, lithium-sulfur, lithium-selenium, and lithium-oxygen batteries are discussed along with some examples. This analysis sheds light on the synthesis of nanostructured materials by spray processes and paves the way toward the design of other novel and advanced nanostructured materials for high performance electrodes in rechargeable batteries of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sung Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Koo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Hoo Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung Sang Cho
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Keun Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongju National University, Budae-dong 275, Cheonan, Chungnam 314-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Chan Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Kang J, Lim T, Jeong MH, Suk JW. Graphene Papers with Tailored Pore Structures Fabricated from Crumpled Graphene Spheres. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9060815. [PMID: 31151231 PMCID: PMC6630406 DOI: 10.3390/nano9060815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Graphene papers have great potential for various applications, such as electrodes in energy storage devices, protective coating, and desalination, because of their free-standing structure, flexibility, and chemical tunability. The inner structures of the graphene papers can affect their physical properties and device performance. Here, we investigated a way to fabricate graphene papers from crumpled reduced graphene oxide (rGO) spheres. We found that ultrasonication was useful for tailoring the morphology of the crumpled graphene spheres, resulting in a successful fabrication of graphene papers with tunable inner pore structures. The fabricated graphene papers showed changes in mechanical and electrical properties depending on their pore structures. In addition, the tailored pore structures had an influence on the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors with the fabricated graphene papers as electrode materials. This work demonstrates a facile method to fabricate graphene papers from crumpled rGO powders, as well as a fundamental understanding of the effect of the inner pore structures in mechanical, electrical, and electrochemical characteristics of graphene papers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je Kang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - TaeGyeong Lim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Myeong Hee Jeong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Ji Won Suk
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
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Chen W, Gui X, Yang L, Zhu H, Tang Z. Wrinkling of two-dimensional materials: methods, properties and applications. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2019; 4:291-320. [PMID: 32254086 DOI: 10.1039/c8nh00112j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, two-dimensional (2D) materials, including graphene, its derivatives, metal films, MXenes and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), have been widely studied because of their tunable electronic structures and special electrical and optical properties. However, during the fabrication of these 2D materials with atomic thickness, formation of wrinkles or folds is unavoidable to enable their stable existence. Meaningfully, it is found that wrinkled structures simultaneously impose positive changes on the 2D materials. Specifically, the architecture of wrinkled structures in 2D materials additionally induces excellent properties, which are of great importance for their practical applications. In this review, we provide an overview of categories of 2D materials, which contains formation and fabrication methods of wrinkled patterns and relevant mechanisms, as well as the induced mechanical, electrical, thermal and optical properties. Furthermore, these properties are modifiable by controlling the surface topography or even by dynamically stretching the 2D materials. Wrinkling offers a platform for 2D materials to be applied in some promising fields such as field emitters, energy containers and suppliers, field effect transistors, hydrophobic surfaces, sensors for flexible electronics and artificial intelligence. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of wrinkled 2D materials in the near future are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China.
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Wang Z, Gao H, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Chen J, Guo Z. Recent Advances in 3D Graphene Architectures and Their Composites for Energy Storage Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1803858. [PMID: 30548381 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201803858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is widely applied as an electrode material in energy storage fields. However, the strong π-π interaction between graphene layers and the stacking issues lead to a great loss of electrochemically active surface area, damaging the performance of graphene electrodes. Developing 3D graphene architectures that are constructed of graphene sheet subunits is an effective strategy to solve this problem. The graphene architectures can be directly utilized as binder-free electrodes for energy storage devices. Furthermore, they can be used as a matrix to support active materials and further improve their electrochemical performance. Here, recent advances in synthesizing 3D graphene architectures and their composites as well as their application in different energy storage devices, including various battery systems and supercapacitors are reviewed. In addition, their challenges for application at the current stage are discussed and future development prospects are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Wang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Hong Gao
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Qing Zhang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Yuqing Liu
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute (IPRI), Australian Institute of Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Jun Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute (IPRI), Australian Institute of Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Zaiping Guo
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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18
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Parviz D, Shah SA, Odom MGB, Sun W, Lutkenhaus JL, Green MJ. Tailored Network Formation in Graphene Oxide Gels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:8550-8559. [PMID: 29950094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO)-based gels are attractive because of their ability to retain individual nanosheet properties in a three-dimensional (3D) bulk material. The final morphology and properties of these 3D gel networks depend strongly on the type and density of cross-links, and these gels can be dried and annealed to form aerogels with both high conductivity (560 S/m) and high surface area (1700 m2/g). The results show that both ammonia content and the parent nanosheet morphology (crumpled vs flat) have a strong influence on the cross-linked structure and composition; notably, nitrogen is found in the gels, suggesting that ammonia actively participates in the reaction rather than as a mere catalyst. The GO nanosheet morphology may be altered using spray-drying to obtain crumpled GO (cGO) nanosheets and form cGO gels; this allows for an additional handle in the creation of GO-based gels with tunable density, electrical conductivity, and surface area.
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19
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Oh JS, Oh JS, Sung DI, Yeom GY. Fabrication of high-performance graphene nanoplatelet-based transparent electrodes via self-interlayer-exfoliation control. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:2351-2362. [PMID: 29327749 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08078f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) have attracted considerable attention due to their high yield and fabrication route that is scalable to enable graphene production. However, the absence of a means of fabricating a transparent and conductive GNP film has been the biggest obstacle to the replacement of pristine graphene. Here, we report on a novel means of fabricating uniform and thin GNP-based high-performance transparent electrodes for flexible and stretchable optoelectronic devices involving the use of an adhesive polymer layer (PMMA) as a GNP layer controller and by forming a hybrid GNP/AgNW electrode embedded on PET or PDMS. Relative to the commercially available indium tin oxide (ITO) film on a PET substrate, a GNP-based electrode composed of hybrid GNP/AgNW on PET exhibits superb optical, physical, and electrical properties: a sheet resistance of 12 Ω sq-1 with 87.4% transmittance, a variable work function from 4.16 to 5.26 eV, an ultra-smooth surface, a rate of resistance increase of only 4.0% after 100 000 bending cycles, stretchability to 50% of tensile strain, and robust stability against oxidation. Moreover, the GNP-based electrode composed of hybrid Cl-doped GNP/AgNW shows outstanding performance in actual organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by exhibiting an increased current efficiency of 29.5% and an increased luminous efficiency of 36.2%, relative to the commercial ITO electrode on PET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Sik Oh
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Sakuma H, Tamura K, Minagawa K. “Doughnut”-like Clay Microparticles Fabricated Using a Hybrid Method of Spray Drying and Centrifugal Disc Atomization. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Sakuma
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kenji Tamura
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kazumi Minagawa
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
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21
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Cano AM, Maul JD, Saed M, Shah SA, Green MJ, Cañas-Carrell JE. Bioaccumulation, stress, and swimming impairment in Daphnia magna exposed to multiwalled carbon nanotubes, graphene, and graphene oxide. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:2199-2204. [PMID: 28160491 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) such as multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene, and graphene oxide (GO) is increasing across many applications because of their unique and versatile properties. These CNMs may enter the aquatic environment through many pathways, creating the potential for organism exposure. The present study addresses the bioaccumulation and toxicity seen in Daphnia magna exposed to CNMs dispersed in sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS). In study I, D. magna were exposed to varying outer diameters of MWCNTs for 24 h in moderately hard or hard freshwater. Bioaccumulation of MWCNT was found in all treatments, with the highest concentrations (0.53 ± 0.27 μg/g) in D. magna exposed in hard freshwater (p < 0.005). The median lethal concentration (LC50) was determined for D. magna exposed to CNMs in moderately hard and hard freshwater. In study II, D. magna were exposed to CNMs for 72 h in moderately hard freshwater to assess swimming velocity and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) detected by dichlorofluorescein fluorescence. An overall decrease was seen in D. magna swimming velocity after exposure to CNMs. The generation of ROS was significantly higher (1.54 ± 0.38 dichlorofluorescein mM/mg dry wt) in D. magna exposed to MWCNTs of smaller outer diameters than in controls after 72 h (p < 0.05). These results suggest that further investigation of CNM toxicity and behavior in the aquatic environment is needed. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2199-2204. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Cano
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Jonathan D Maul
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Mohammad Saed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Smit A Shah
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Micah J Green
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jaclyn E Cañas-Carrell
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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22
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Kundu S, Sriramdas R, Rafsanjani Amin K, Bid A, Pratap R, Ravishankar N. Crumpled sheets of reduced graphene oxide as a highly sensitive, robust and versatile strain/pressure sensor. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:9581-9588. [PMID: 28665438 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr02415k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Sensing of mechanical stimuli forms an important communication pathway between humans/environment and machines. The progress in such sensing technology has possible impacts on the functioning of automated systems, human machine interfacing, health-care monitoring, prosthetics and safety systems. The challenges in this field range from attaining high sensitivity to extreme robustness. In this article, sensing of complex mechanical stimuli with a patch of taped crumpled reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been reported which can typically be assembled under household conditions. The ability of this sensor to detect a wide variety of pressures and strains in conventional day-to-day applications has been demonstrated. An extremely high gauge factor (∼103) at ultralow strains (∼10-4) with fast response times (<20.4 ms) could be achieved with such sensors. Pressure resulting from a gentle touch to over human body weight could be sensed successfully. The capability of the sensor to respond in a variety of environments could be exploited in the detection of water and air pressures both below and above atmospheric, with a single device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Kundu
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
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23
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Chen PY, Liu M, Wang Z, Hurt RH, Wong IY. From Flatland to Spaceland: Higher Dimensional Patterning with Two-Dimensional Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:10.1002/adma.201605096. [PMID: 28244157 PMCID: PMC5549278 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201605096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The creation of three-dimensional (3D) structures from two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial building blocks enables novel chemical, mechanical or physical functionalities that cannot be realized with planar thin films or in bulk materials. Here, we review the use of emerging 2D materials to create complex out-of-plane surface topographies and 3D material architectures. We focus on recent approaches that yield periodic textures or patterns, and present four techniques as case studies: (i) wrinkling and crumpling of planar sheets, (ii) encapsulation by crumpled nanosheet shells, (iii) origami folding and kirigami cutting to create programmed curvature, and (iv) 3D printing of 2D material suspensions. Work to date in this field has primarily used graphene and graphene oxide as the 2D building blocks, and we consider how these unconventional approaches may be extended to alternative 2D materials and their heterostructures. Taken together, these emerging patterning and texturing techniques represent an intriguing alternative to conventional materials synthesis and processing methods, and are expected to contribute to the development of new composites, stretchable electronics, energy storage devices, chemical barriers, and biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yen Chen
- School of Engineering, Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Muchun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Zhongying Wang
- School of Engineering, Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Robert H Hurt
- School of Engineering, Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Ian Y Wong
- School of Engineering, Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
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Han X, Yang Z, Zhao B, Zhu S, Zhou L, Dai J, Kim JW, Liu B, Connell JW, Li T, Yang B, Lin Y, Hu L. Compressible, Dense, Three-Dimensional Holey Graphene Monolithic Architecture. ACS NANO 2017; 11:3189-3197. [PMID: 28263560 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
By creating holes in 2D nanosheets, tortuosity and porosity can be greatly tunable, which enables a fast manufacturing process (i.e., fast removal of gas and solvent) toward various nanostructures. We demonstrated outstanding compressibility of holey graphene nanosheets, which is impossible for pristine graphene. Holey graphene powder can be easily compressed into dense and strong monoliths with different shapes at room temperature without using any solvents or binders. The remarkable compressibility of holey graphene, which is in sharp contrast with pristine graphene, not only enables the fabrication of robust, dense graphene products that exhibit high density (1.4 g/cm3), excellent specific mechanical strength [18 MPa/(g/cm3)], and good electrical (130 S/cm) and thermal (20 W/mK) conductivities, but also provides a binder-free dry process that overcomes the disadvantages of wet processes required for fabrication of three-dimensional graphene products. Fundamentally different from graphite, the holey graphene products are both dense and porous, which can enable possible broader applications such as energy storage and gas separation membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jae-Woo Kim
- National Institute of Aerospace , 100 Exploration Way, Hampton, Virginia 23666, United States
| | | | - John W Connell
- Advanced Materials and Processing Branch, NASA Langley Research Center , Hampton, Virginia 23681, United States
| | | | | | - Yi Lin
- National Institute of Aerospace , 100 Exploration Way, Hampton, Virginia 23666, United States
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Shah SA, Habib T, Gao H, Gao P, Sun W, Green MJ, Radovic M. Template-free 3D titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene particles crumpled by capillary forces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:400-403. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07733a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The shape of Ti3C2TxMXenes can be altered using spray drying, providing a new route for controlling MXene nanosheet morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Shah
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station TX
- USA
| | - T. Habib
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station TX
- USA
| | - H. Gao
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University
- College Station TX
- USA
| | - P. Gao
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University
- College Station TX
- USA
| | - W. Sun
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station TX
- USA
| | - M. J. Green
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station TX
- USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University
| | - M. Radovic
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University
- College Station TX
- USA
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26
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Chen PY, Liu M, Valentin TM, Wang Z, Spitz Steinberg R, Sodhi J, Wong IY, Hurt RH. Hierarchical Metal Oxide Topographies Replicated from Highly Textured Graphene Oxide by Intercalation Templating. ACS NANO 2016; 10:10869-10879. [PMID: 28024363 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Confined assembly in the intersheet gallery spaces of two-dimensional (2D) materials is an emerging templating route for creation of ultrathin material architectures. Here, we demonstrate a general synthetic route for transcribing complex wrinkled and crumpled topographies in graphene oxide (GO) films into textured metal oxides. Intercalation of hydrated metal ions into textured GO multilayer films followed by dehydration, thermal decomposition, and air oxidation produces Zn, Al, Mn, and Cu oxide films with high-fidelity replication of the original GO textures, including "multi-generational", multiscale textures that have been recently achieved through extreme graphene compression. The textured metal oxides are shown to consist of nanosheet-like aggregates of interconnected particles, whose mobility, attachment, and sintering are guided by the 2D template. This intercalation templating approach has broad applicability for the creation of complex, textured films and provides a bridging technology that can transcribe the wide variety of textures already realized in graphene into insulating and semiconducting materials. These textured metal oxide films exhibit enhanced electrochemical and photocatalytic performance over planar films and show potential as high-activity electrodes for energy storage, catalysis, and biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yen Chen
- School of Engineering, ‡Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, and §Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Muchun Liu
- School of Engineering, ‡Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, and §Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Thomas M Valentin
- School of Engineering, ‡Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, and §Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Zhongying Wang
- School of Engineering, ‡Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, and §Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Ruben Spitz Steinberg
- School of Engineering, ‡Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, and §Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Jaskiranjeet Sodhi
- School of Engineering, ‡Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, and §Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Ian Y Wong
- School of Engineering, ‡Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, and §Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Robert H Hurt
- School of Engineering, ‡Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, and §Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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Parviz D, Irin F, Shah SA, Das S, Sweeney CB, Green MJ. Challenges in Liquid-Phase Exfoliation, Processing, and Assembly of Pristine Graphene. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:8796-8818. [PMID: 27546380 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201601889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in the exfoliation, dispersion, and processing of pristine graphene (i.e., non-oxidized graphene) are described. General metrics are outlined that can be used to assess the quality and processability of various "graphene" products, as well as metrics that determine the potential for industrial scale-up. The pristine graphene production process is categorized from a chemical engineering point of view with three key steps: i) pretreatment, ii) exfoliation, and iii) separation. How pristine graphene colloidal stability is distinct from the exfoliation step and is dependent upon graphene interactions with solvents and dispersants are extensively reviewed. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of using pristine graphene as nanofillers in polymer composites, as well as as building blocks for macrostructure assemblies are summarized in the context of large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorsa Parviz
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Fahmida Irin
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Smit A Shah
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Sriya Das
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Charles B Sweeney
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Micah J Green
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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Atif R, Inam F. Reasons and remedies for the agglomeration of multilayered graphene and carbon nanotubes in polymers. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 7:1174-1196. [PMID: 27826492 PMCID: PMC5082316 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.7.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
One of the main issues in the production of polymer nanocomposites is the dispersion state of filler as multilayered graphene (MLG) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) tend to agglomerate due to van der Waals forces. The agglomeration can be avoided by using organic solvents, selecting suitable dispersion and production methods, and functionalizing the fillers. Another proposed method is the use of hybrid fillers as synergistic effects can cause an improvement in the dispersion state of the fillers. In this review article, various aspects of each process that can help avoid filler agglomeration and improve dispersion state are discussed in detail. This review article would be helpful for both current and prospective researchers in the field of MLG- and CNT-based polymer nanocomposites to achieve maximum enhancement in mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of produced polymer nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasheed Atif
- Northumbria University, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
| | - Fawad Inam
- Northumbria University, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
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29
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Martinez JG, Aznar-Cervantes S, Abel Lozano-Pérez A, Cenis JL, Otero TF. Graphene adsorbed on silk-fibroin meshes: Biomimetic and reversible conformational movements driven by reactions. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.05.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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30
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Xu Y, Pospisil MJ, Green MJ. The effect of bending stiffness on scaling laws for the size of colloidal nanosheets. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:235702. [PMID: 27124893 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/23/235702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Using coarse-grained Brownian dynamics simulations, we study the relationship between hydrodynamic radius ([Formula: see text] and the lateral size ([Formula: see text] of dispersed nanosheets. Our simulation results show that the bending modulus of the nanosheets has a significant impact on the exponent of this power-law relationship between the radius of gyration (and thus [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] The exponent can vary from 0.17 to 1. This sheds light on the interpretation of dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements, such that DLS data can capture both nanosheet lateral size and modulus (which is, in turn, affected by nanosheet thickness).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyi Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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31
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Chen C, Xu Z, Han Y, Sun H, Gao C. Redissolution of Flower-Shaped Graphene Oxide Powder with High Density. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:8000-8007. [PMID: 26943759 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
As a sort of scalable precursor of graphene, single-layer graphene oxide (GO) has received widespread attention. However, producing dried GO powder which can redisperse in solvents on a molecular level is still under challenge. Here, we have developed a strategy to obtain flower-shaped GO powder (fGO) via a low-temperature spray-drying method. Such GO powder can be redissolved in various solvents including water, with a concentration higher than 3 wt %. The excellent solubility of fGO is totally preserved even after being compressed into a high-density disk (1.26 g/cm(3)). The aqueous solution of fGO can form liquid crystals, which can be assembled into macroscopic graphene papers. By tracking the dissolution process of fGO, we reveal a "swelling-dissociation-stretching" behavior of the GO particles. For the first time, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) solution relaxation is applied to in situ monitor the degree of unfolding (DU) of fGO during dissolution. We discover that the classic polymer dissolution mechanism of linear polymer can extend to GO, a two-dimensional macromolecule. Our findings not only provide a solution for the problems in the transportation, storage and applications of GO, but also open a new way to adjust the microstructure of crumpled GO in large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yi Han
- ZJU-C6G6 Joint Graphene Centre , 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- ZJU-C6G6 Joint Graphene Centre , 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Chao Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- ZJU-C6G6 Joint Graphene Centre , 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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Nazarian-Samani M, Kim HK, Park SH, Youn HC, Mhamane D, Lee SW, Kim MS, Jeong JH, Haghighat-Shishavan S, Roh KC, Kashani-Bozorg SF, Kim KB. Three-dimensional graphene-based spheres and crumpled balls: micro- and nano-structures, synthesis strategies, properties and applications. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07485e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
3D spherical and crumpled-ball graphene-based architectures with diverse, fascinating properties and applications are reviewed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Nazarian-Samani
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering
- College of Engineering
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- IR Iran
| | - Hyun-Kyung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy
| | - Sang-Hoon Park
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN)
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Hee-Chang Youn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dattakumar Mhamane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Seong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hui Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749
- Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kwang-Chul Roh
- Energy Efficient Materials Team
- Energy and Environmental Division
- Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology
- Seoul 153-801
- Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kwang-Bum Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749
- Republic of Korea
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33
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Self-assembly flower-like porous carbon nanosheet powders for higher lithium-ion storage capacity. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.09.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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34
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Carraro F, Calvillo L, Cattelan M, Favaro M, Righetto M, Nappini S, Píš I, Celorrio V, Fermín DJ, Martucci A, Agnoli S, Granozzi G. Fast One-Pot Synthesis of MoS2/Crumpled Graphene p-n Nanonjunctions for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:25685-92. [PMID: 26517577 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Aerosol processing enables the preparation of hierarchical graphene nanocomposites with special crumpled morphology in high yield and in a short time. Using modular insertion of suitable precursors in the starting solution, it is possible to synthesize different types of graphene-based materials ranging from heteroatom-doped graphene nanoballs to hierarchical nanohybrids made up by nitrogen-doped crumpled graphene nanosacks that wrap finely dispersed MoS2 nanoparticles. These materials are carefully investigated by microscopic (SEM, standard and HR TEM), diffraction (grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD)) and spectroscopic (high resolution photoemission, Raman and UV-visible spectroscopy) techniques, evidencing that nitrogen dopants provide anchoring sites for MoS2 nanoparticles, whereas crumpling of graphene sheets drastically limits aggregation. The activity of these materials is tested toward the photoelectrochemical production of hydrogen, obtaining that N-doped graphene/MoS2 nanohybrids are seven times more efficient with respect to single MoS2 because of the formation of local p-n MoS2/N-doped graphene nanojunctions, which allow an efficient charge carrier separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Carraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , via Marzolo 1, Padua 35131, Italy
| | - Laura Calvillo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , via Marzolo 1, Padua 35131, Italy
| | - Mattia Cattelan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , via Marzolo 1, Padua 35131, Italy
| | - Marco Favaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , via Marzolo 1, Padua 35131, Italy
- Advanced Light Source (ALS) Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Rd., M/S 6R2100 Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Marcello Righetto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , via Marzolo 1, Padua 35131, Italy
| | - Silvia Nappini
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area Science Park-Basovizza , Strada Statale 14, Km.163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Igor Píš
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area Science Park-Basovizza , Strada Statale 14, Km.163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. , Strada Statale 14, Km.163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Verónica Celorrio
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantocks Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - David J Fermín
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantocks Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Martucci
- Industrial Engineering Department and INSTM, University of Padova , Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Stefano Agnoli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , via Marzolo 1, Padua 35131, Italy
| | - Gaetano Granozzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , via Marzolo 1, Padua 35131, Italy
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Adsorption and removal of graphene dispersants. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 446:282-9. [PMID: 25681785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate three different techniques (dialysis, vacuum filtration, and spray drying) for removal of dispersants from liquid-exfoliated graphene. We evaluate these techniques for elimination of dispersants from both the bulk liquid phase and from the graphene surface. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirms dispersant removal by these treatments. Vacuum filtration (driving by convective mass transfer) is the most effective method of dispersant removal, regardless of the type of dispersant, removing up to ∼95 wt.% of the polymeric dispersant with only ∼7.4 wt.% decrease in graphene content. Dialysis also removes a significant fraction (∼70 wt.% for polymeric dispersants) of un-adsorbed dispersants without disturbing the dispersion quality. Spray drying produces re-dispersible, crumpled powder samples and eliminates much of the unabsorbed dispersants. We also show that there is no rapid desorption of dispersants from the graphene surface. In addition, electrical conductivity measurements demonstrate conductivities one order of magnitude lower for graphene drop-cast films (where excess dispersants are present) than for vacuum filtered films, confirming poor inter-sheet connectivity when excess dispersants are present.
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Bari R, Parviz D, Khabaz F, Klaassen CD, Metzler SD, Hansen MJ, Khare R, Green MJ. Liquid phase exfoliation and crumpling of inorganic nanosheets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:9383-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00294j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Experiment and simulation demonstrate the polymer-assisted dispersion of inorganic 2D layered nanomaterials such as boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs), MoS2 nanosheets, and WS2 nanosheets; spray drying can be used to alter such nanosheets into a crumpled morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozana Bari
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Texas Tech University
- Lubbock
- USA
| | - Dorsa Parviz
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
| | - Fardin Khabaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Texas Tech University
- Lubbock
- USA
| | | | - Shane D. Metzler
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Texas Tech University
- Lubbock
- USA
| | | | - Rajesh Khare
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Texas Tech University
- Lubbock
- USA
| | - Micah J. Green
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
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