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Luo L, Zhou H, Wang S, Pang M, Zhang J, Hu Y, You J. The Application of Nanoparticle-Based Imaging and Phototherapy for Female Reproductive Organs Diseases. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2207694. [PMID: 37154216 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Various female reproductive disorders affect millions of women worldwide and bring many troubles to women's daily life. Let alone, gynecological cancer (such as ovarian cancer and cervical cancer) is a severe threat to most women's lives. Endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and other chronic diseases-induced pain have significantly harmed women's physical and mental health. Despite recent advances in the female reproductive field, the existing challenges are still enormous such as personalization of disease, difficulty in diagnosing early cancers, antibiotic resistance in infectious diseases, etc. To confront such challenges, nanoparticle-based imaging tools and phototherapies that offer minimally invasive detection and treatment of reproductive tract-associated pathologies are indispensable and innovative. Of late, several clinical trials have also been conducted using nanoparticles for the early detection of female reproductive tract infections and cancers, targeted drug delivery, and cellular therapeutics. However, these nanoparticle trials are still nascent due to the body's delicate and complex female reproductive system. The present review comprehensively focuses on emerging nanoparticle-based imaging and phototherapies applications, which hold enormous promise for improved early diagnosis and effective treatments of various female reproductive organ diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Huanli Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Sijie Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Mei Pang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Junlei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yilong Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
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Quinlan JA, Inglut CT, Srivastava P, Rahman I, Stabile J, Gaitan B, Arnau Del Valle C, Baumiller K, Gaur A, Chiou W, Karim B, Connolly N, Robey RW, Woodworth GF, Gottesman MM, Huang H. Carrier-Free, Amorphous Verteporfin Nanodrug for Enhanced Photodynamic Cancer Therapy and Brain Drug Delivery. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2302872. [PMID: 38445882 PMCID: PMC11077681 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is hard to treat due to cellular invasion into functioning brain tissues, limited drug delivery, and evolved treatment resistance. Recurrence is nearly universal even after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves photosensitizer administration followed by light activation to generate reactive oxygen species at tumor sites, thereby killing cells or inducing biological changes. PDT can ablate unresectable GBM and sensitize tumors to chemotherapy. Verteporfin (VP) is a promising photosensitizer that relies on liposomal carriers for clinical use. While lipids increase VP's solubility, they also reduce intracellular photosensitizer accumulation. Here, a pure-drug nanoformulation of VP, termed "NanoVP", eliminating the need for lipids, excipients, or stabilizers is reported. NanoVP has a tunable size (65-150 nm) and 1500-fold higher photosensitizer loading capacity than liposomal VP. NanoVP shows a 2-fold increase in photosensitizer uptake and superior PDT efficacy in GBM cells compared to liposomal VP. In mouse models, NanoVP-PDT improved tumor control and extended animal survival, outperforming liposomal VP and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). Moreover, low-dose NanoVP-PDT can safely open the blood-brain barrier, increasing drug accumulation in rat brains by 5.5-fold compared to 5-ALA. NanoVP is a new photosensitizer formulation that has the potential to facilitate PDT for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A. Quinlan
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
- Laboratory of Cell BiologyCenter for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Collin T. Inglut
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
- Laboratory of Cell BiologyCenter for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Payal Srivastava
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Idrisa Rahman
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
- Laboratory of Cell BiologyCenter for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Jillian Stabile
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Brandon Gaitan
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | | | - Kaylin Baumiller
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Anandita Gaur
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Wen‐An Chiou
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy LaboratoryMaryland Nano CenterUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Baktiar Karim
- Molecular Histopathology LaboratoryLeidos Biomedical Research, Inc.Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMD21701USA
| | - Nina Connolly
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21201USA
| | - Robert W. Robey
- Laboratory of Cell BiologyCenter for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Graeme F. Woodworth
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21201USA
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21201USA
| | - Michael M. Gottesman
- Laboratory of Cell BiologyCenter for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Huang‐Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21201USA
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Sorrin A, Dasgupta A, McNaughton K, Arnau Del Valle C, Zhou K, Liu C, Roque DM, Huang HC. Co-Packaged PARP inhibitor and photosensitizer for targeted photo-chemotherapy of 3D ovarian cancer spheroids. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:20. [PMID: 38321470 PMCID: PMC10845736 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01197-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within the last decade, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) have emerged in the clinic as an effective treatment for numerous malignancies. Preclinical data have demonstrated powerful combination effects of PARPi paired with photodynamic therapy (PDT), which involves light-activation of specialized dyes (photosensitizers) to stimulate cancer cell death through reactive oxygen species generation. RESULTS In this report, the most potent clinical PARP inhibitor, talazoparib, is loaded into the core of a polymeric nanoparticle (NP-Tal), which is interfaced with antibody-photosensitizer conjugates (photoimmunoconjugates, PICs) to form PIC-NP-Tal. In parallel, a new 3D fluorescent coculture model is developed using the parental OVCAR-8-DsRed2 and the chemo-resistant subline, NCI/ADR-RES-EGFP. This model enables quantification of trends in the evolutionary dynamics of acquired chemoresistance in response to various treatment regimes. Results reveal that at a low dosage (0.01 μM), NP-Tal kills the parental cells while sparing the chemo-resistant subline, thereby driving chemoresistance. Next, PIC-NP-Tal and relevant controls are evaluated in the 3D coculture model at multiple irradiation doses to characterize effects on total spheroid ablation and relative changes in parental and subline cell population dynamics. Total spheroid ablation data shows potent combination effects when PIC and NP-Tal are co-administered, but decreased efficacy with the conjugated formulation (PIC-NP-Tal). Analysis of cell population dynamics reveals that PIC, BPD + NP-Tal, PIC + NP-Tal, and PIC-NP-Tal demonstrate selection pressures towards chemoresistance. CONCLUSIONS This study provides key insights into manufacturing parameters for PARPi-loaded nanoparticles, as well as the potential role of PDT-based combination therapies in the context of acquired drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Sorrin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Anika Dasgupta
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Kathryn McNaughton
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Carla Arnau Del Valle
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Keri Zhou
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Cindy Liu
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Dana M Roque
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Huang Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Musicò A, Zenatelli R, Romano M, Zendrini A, Alacqua S, Tassoni S, Paolini L, Urbinati C, Rusnati M, Bergese P, Pomarico G, Radeghieri A. Surface functionalization of extracellular vesicle nanoparticles with antibodies: a first study on the protein corona "variable". NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:4703-4717. [PMID: 37705771 PMCID: PMC10496878 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00280b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
To be profitably exploited in medicine, nanosized systems must be endowed with biocompatibility, targeting capability, the ability to evade the immune system, and resistance to clearance. Currently, biogenic nanoparticles, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs), are intensively investigated as the platform that naturally recapitulates these highly needed characteristics. EV native targeting properties and pharmacokinetics can be further augmented by decorating the EV surface with specific target ligands as antibodies. However, to date, studies dealing with the functionalization of the EV surface with proteins have never considered the protein corona "variable", namely the fact that extrinsic proteins may spontaneously adsorb on the EV surface, contributing to determine the surface, and in turn the biological identity of the EV. In this work, we explore and compare the two edge cases of EVs modified with the antibody Cetuximab (CTX) by chemisorption of CTX (through covalent binding via biorthogonal click-chemistry) and by formation of a physisorbed CTX corona. The results indicate that (i) no differences exist between the two formulations in terms of binding affinity imparted by molecular recognition of CTX versus its natural binding partner (epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR), but (ii) significant differences emerge at the cellular level, where CTX-EVs prepared by click chemistry display superior binding and uptake toward target cells, very likely due to the higher robustness of the CTX anchorage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Musicò
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia Viale Europa 11 25123 Brescia Italy
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science 50019 Florence Italy
| | - Rossella Zenatelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia Viale Europa 11 25123 Brescia Italy
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science 50019 Florence Italy
| | - Miriam Romano
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia Viale Europa 11 25123 Brescia Italy
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science 50019 Florence Italy
| | - Andrea Zendrini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia Viale Europa 11 25123 Brescia Italy
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science 50019 Florence Italy
| | - Silvia Alacqua
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia Viale Europa 11 25123 Brescia Italy
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science 50019 Florence Italy
| | - Selene Tassoni
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia Viale Europa 11 25123 Brescia Italy
| | - Lucia Paolini
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science 50019 Florence Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia 25123 Brescia Italy
| | - Chiara Urbinati
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia Viale Europa 11 25123 Brescia Italy
| | - Marco Rusnati
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia Viale Europa 11 25123 Brescia Italy
| | - Paolo Bergese
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia Viale Europa 11 25123 Brescia Italy
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science 50019 Florence Italy
- National Center for Gene Therapy and Drugs Based on RNA Technology - CN3 Padova Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pomarico
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia Viale Europa 11 25123 Brescia Italy
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science 50019 Florence Italy
| | - Annalisa Radeghieri
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia Viale Europa 11 25123 Brescia Italy
- CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science 50019 Florence Italy
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Liang BJ, Pang S, Perttila R, Ma CH, Srivastava P, Gaitan B, Sorrin AJ, Fadul N, Rahman I, Ylo¨niemi Z, Roque DM, Hasan T, Uusimaa P, Huang HC. Fluorescence-guided photoimmunotherapy using targeted nanotechnology and ML7710 to manage peritoneal carcinomatosis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi3441. [PMID: 37672582 PMCID: PMC10482332 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi3441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence-guided intervention can bolster standard therapies by detecting and treating microscopic tumors before lethal recurrence. Tremendous progress in photoimmunotherapy and nanotechnology has been made to treat metastasis. However, many are lost in translation due to heterogeneous treatment effects. Here, we integrate three technological advances in targeted photo-activable multi-agent liposome (TPMAL), fluorescence-guided intervention, and laser endoscopy (ML7710) to improve photoimmunotherapy. TPMAL consists of a nanoliposome chemotherapy labeled with fluorophores for tracking and photosensitizer immunoconjugates for photoimmunotherapy. ML7710 is connected to Modulight Cloud to capture and analyze multispectral emission from TPMAL for fluorescence-guided drug delivery (FGDD) and fluorescence-guided light dosimetry (FGLD) in peritoneal carcinomatosis mouse models. FGDD revealed that TPMAL enhances drug delivery to metastases by 14-fold. ML7710 captured interpatient variability in TPMAL uptake and prompted FGLD in >50% of animals. By combining TPMAL, ML7710, and fluorescence-guided intervention, variation in treatment response was substantially reduced and tumor control improved without side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry J. Liang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sumiao Pang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | | | - Chen-Hua Ma
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Payal Srivastava
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Brandon Gaitan
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Aaron J. Sorrin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Nada Fadul
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Idrisa Rahman
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Dana M. Roque
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Sorrin AJ, Zhou K, May K, Liu C, McNaughton K, Rahman I, Liang BJ, Rizvi I, Roque DM, Huang HC. Transient fluid flow improves photoimmunoconjugate delivery and photoimmunotherapy efficacy. iScience 2023; 26:107221. [PMID: 37520715 PMCID: PMC10372742 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating drugs in the peritoneal cavity is an effective strategy for advanced ovarian cancer treatment. Photoimmunotherapy, an emerging modality with potential for the treatment of ovarian cancer, involves near-infrared light activation of antibody-photosensitizer conjugates (photoimmunoconjugates) to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species. Here, a microfluidic cell culture model is used to study how fluid flow-induced shear stress affects photoimmunoconjugate delivery to ovarian cancer cells. Photoimmunoconjugates are composed of the antibody, cetuximab, conjugated to the photosensitizer, and benzoporphyrin derivative. Longitudinal tracking of photoimmunoconjugate treatment under flow conditions reveals enhancements in subcellular photosensitizer accumulation. Compared to static conditions, fluid flow-induced shear stress at 0.5 and 1 dyn/cm2 doubled the cellular delivery of photoimmunoconjugates. Fluid flow-mediated treatment with three different photosensitizer formulations (benzoporphyrin derivative, photoimmunoconjugates, and photoimmunoconjugate-coated liposomes) led to enhanced phototoxicity compared to static conditions. This study confirms the fundamental role of fluid flow-induced shear stress in the anti-cancer effects of photoimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Sorrin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Keri Zhou
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Katherine May
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Cindy Liu
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Kathryn McNaughton
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Idrisa Rahman
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Barry J. Liang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Dana M. Roque
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Zhang P, Zhu Y, Xiao C, Chen X. Activatable dual-functional molecular agents for imaging-guided cancer therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 195:114725. [PMID: 36754284 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Theranostics has attracted great attention due to its ability to combine the real-time diagnosis of cancers with efficient treatment modalities. Activatable dual-functional molecular agents could be synthesized by covalently conjugating imaging agents, therapeutic agents, stimuli-responsive linkers and/or targeting molecules together. They could be selectively activated by overexpressed physiological stimuli or external triggers at the tumor sites to release imaging agents and cytotoxic drugs, thus offering many advantages for tumor imaging and therapy, such as a high signal-to-noise ratio, low systemic toxicity, and improved therapeutic effects. This review summarizes the recent advances of dual-functional molecular agents that respond to various physiological or external stimuli for cancer theranostics. The molecular designs, synthetic strategies, activatable mechanisms, and biomedical applications of these molecular agents are elaborated, followed by a brief discussion of the challenges and opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers (Fudan University), Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yaowei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, PR China.
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, PR China.
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Itoo AM, Paul M, Padaga SG, Ghosh B, Biswas S. Nanotherapeutic Intervention in Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:45882-45909. [PMID: 36570217 PMCID: PMC9773346 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The clinical need for photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been growing for several decades. Notably, PDT is often used in oncology to treat a variety of tumors since it is a low-risk therapy with excellent selectivity, does not conflict with other therapies, and may be repeated as necessary. The mechanism of action of PDT is the photoactivation of a particular photosensitizer (PS) in a tumor microenvironment in the presence of oxygen. During PDT, cancer cells produce singlet oxygen (1O2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon activation of PSs by irradiation, which efficiently kills the tumor. However, PDT's effectiveness in curing a deep-seated malignancy is constrained by three key reasons: a tumor's inadequate PS accumulation in tumor tissues, a hypoxic core with low oxygen content in solid tumors, and limited depth of light penetration. PDTs are therefore restricted to the management of thin and superficial cancers. With the development of nanotechnology, PDT's ability to penetrate deep tumor tissues and exert desired therapeutic effects has become a reality. However, further advancement in this field of research is necessary to address the challenges with PDT and ameliorate the therapeutic outcome. This review presents an overview of PSs, the mechanism of loading of PSs, nanomedicine-based solutions for enhancing PDT, and their biological applications including chemodynamic therapy, chemo-photodynamic therapy, PDT-electroporation, photodynamic-photothermal (PDT-PTT) therapy, and PDT-immunotherapy. Furthermore, the review discusses the mechanism of ROS generation in PDT advantages and challenges of PSs in PDT.
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9
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Saad MA, Hasan T. Spotlight on Photoactivatable Liposomes beyond Drug Delivery: An Enabler of Multitargeting of Molecular Pathways. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:2041-2064. [PMID: 36197738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The potential of photoactivating certain molecules, photosensitizers (PS), resulting in photochemical processes, has long been realized in the form of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the management of several cancerous and noncancerous pathologies. With an improved understanding of the photoactivation process and its broader implications, efforts are being made to exploit the various facets of photoactivation, PDT, and the associated phenomenon of photodynamic priming in enhancing treatment outcomes, specifically in cancer therapeutics. The parallel emergence of nanomedicine, specifically liposome-based nanoformulations, and the convergence of the two fields of liposome-based drug delivery and PDT have led to the development of unique hybrid systems, which combine the exciting features of liposomes with adequate complementation through the photoactivation process. While initially liposomes carrying photosensitizers (PSs) were developed for enhancing the pharmacokinetics and the general applicability of PSs, more recently, PS-loaded liposomes, apart from their utility in PDT, have found several applications including enhanced targeting of drugs, coloading multiple therapeutic agents to enhance synergistic effects, imaging, priming, triggering drug release, and facilitating the escape of therapeutic agents from the endolysosomal complex. This review discusses the design strategies, potential, and unique attributes of these hybrid systems, with not only photoactivation as an attribute but also the ability to encapsulate multiple agents for imaging, biomodulation, priming, and therapy referred to as photoactivatable multiagent/inhibitor liposomes (PMILS) and their targeted versions─targeted PMILS (TPMILS). While liposomes have formed their own niche in nanotechnology and nanomedicine with several clinically approved formulations, we try to highlight how using PS-loaded liposomes could address some of the limitations and concerns usually associated with liposomes to overcome them and enhance their preclinical and clinical utility in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Saad
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.,Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Cui C, Su X, Guo Y, Zhu J, Chen Z, Qin W, Guo Y, Tao W. Enhancing electron transfer of a semiconducting polymer for type I photodynamic and photothermal synergistic therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1004921. [PMID: 36199364 PMCID: PMC9527290 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1004921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia is responsible for the reduced therapeutic efficacy of type II photodynamic therapy (PDT) because of the dependence of cellular oxygen during 1O2 generation. Type I PDT may be a better strategy to overcome the disadvantages of hypoxia for enhanced theranostics. Herein, a new semiconducting polymer PDPP was synthesized and encapsulated with hydrophilic PEG-PDPA to enhance the electron transfer for type I PDT. PDPP NPs show a high superoxide radical generation ability with DHR123 as a probe. In vitro MTT assay indicates PDPP NPs with considerably high phototoxicity on human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) with a low half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 6.1 μg/ml. Furthermore, an in vivo study demonstrates that PDPP NPs can lead to complete tumor suppression with the help of laser, compared with the control and dark groups. The biosafety is confirmed by the H&E analysis of the normal tissues (the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidney). The results provide a strategy to design nanosystems for type I PDT and PTT synergistic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yihang Guo
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Wenming Tao
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
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11
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Mussini A, Uriati E, Bianchini P, Diaspro A, Cavanna L, Abbruzzetti S, Viappiani C. Targeted photoimmunotherapy for cancer. Biomol Concepts 2022; 13:126-147. [PMID: 35304984 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved procedure that can exert a curative action against malignant cells. The treatment implies the administration of a photoactive molecular species that, upon absorption of visible or near infrared light, sensitizes the formation of reactive oxygen species. These species are cytotoxic and lead to tumor cell death, damage vasculature, and induce inflammation. Clinical investigations demonstrated that PDT is curative and does not compromise other treatment options. One of the major limitations of the original method was the low selectivity of the photoactive compounds for malignant over healthy tissues. The development of conjugates with antibodies has endowed photosensitizing molecules with targeting capability, so that the compounds are delivered with unprecedented precision to the site of action. Given their fluorescence emission capability, these supramolecular species are intrinsically theranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mussini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Eleonora Uriati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.,Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Bianchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.,Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,DIFILAB, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,DIFILAB, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Cavanna
- Dipartimento di Oncologia-Ematologia, Azienda USL di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
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12
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Zhou W, He X, Wang J, He S, Xie C, Fan Q, Pu K. Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for Photoactivatable Cancer Immunotherapy and Imaging of Immunoactivation. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:1490-1504. [PMID: 35286085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy that stimulates the body's own immune system to kill cancer cells has emerged as a promising cancer therapeutic method. However, some types of cancer exhibited a low response rate to immunotherapy, and the high risk of immune-related side effects has been aroused during immunotherapy, which greatly restrict its broad applications in cancer therapy. Phototherapy that uses external light to trigger the therapeutic process holds advantages including high selectivity and efficiency, and low side effects. Recently, it has been proven to be able to stimulate immune response in the tumor region by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD), the process of which was termed photo-immunotherapy, dramatically improving therapeutic specificity over conventional immunotherapy in several aspects. Among numerous optical materials for photo-immunotherapy, semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) have gained more and more attention owing to their excellent optical properties and good biocompatibility. In this review, we summarize recent developments of SPNs for immunotherapy and imaging of immunoactivation. Different therapeutic modalities triggered by SPNs including photo-immunotherapy and photo-immunometabolic therapy are first introduced. Then, applications of SPNs for real-time monitoring immunoactivation are discussed. Finally, the conclusion and future perspectives of this research field are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaowen He
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shasha He
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Chen Xie
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Quli Fan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
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13
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Shen J, Pan L, Zhang X, Zou Z, Wei B, Chen Y, Tang X, Zou D. Delivering Singlet Oxygen in Dark Condition With an Anthracene-Functionalized Semiconducting Compound for Enhanced Phototheranostics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:781766. [PMID: 35356771 PMCID: PMC8959821 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.781766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizes the photogeneration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with high cytotoxicity to kill cancer cells, holding great promise for cancer treatment. Fractionated delivery of singlet oxygen (1O2) is a wise approach to relieving hypoxia, thus enhancing the therapeutic efficacy. In this article, an anthracene-functionalized semiconducting compound (DPPA) has been designed and synthesized. With irradiation, the compound is able to undergo efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) and non-radioactive decay for photodynamic/photothermal synergistic therapy. In addition, the anthracene module is able to capture and release 1O2 reversibly with or without irradiation. DPPA nanoparticles (NPs) obtained by nanoprecipitation with DSPE-PEG exhibit considerable high phototoxicity on human kidney cancer cells (A498), and the half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) is 15.8 μg/ml. Furthermore, an in vivo study demonstrates that complete tumor suppression was observed when the mice were administered DPPA NPs with the help of laser, compared with the control and dark groups. The H&E analysis of the normal tissues (the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidney) indicates that such NPs cause no side effects, indicating the biosafety of DPPA NPs. The results provide a strategy to design a heavy-atom–free photosensitizer for photothermal and fractionated PDT against kidney tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- Department of Urology, Changshu No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changshu, China
| | - Liuhong Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xujing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Zhenyuan Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
| | - Yongchang Chen
- Department of Urology, Changshu No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changshu, China
- *Correspondence: Yongchang Chen, ; Xiaoyan Tang, ; Dengfeng Zou,
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Department of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China
- *Correspondence: Yongchang Chen, ; Xiaoyan Tang, ; Dengfeng Zou,
| | - Dengfeng Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Yongchang Chen, ; Xiaoyan Tang, ; Dengfeng Zou,
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14
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Abadi B, Yazdanpanah N, Nokhodchi A, Rezaei N. Smart biomaterials to enhance the efficiency of immunotherapy in glioblastoma: State of the art and future perspectives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:114035. [PMID: 34740765 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is considered as the most lethal tumor among CNS malignancies. Although immunotherapy has achieved remarkable advances in cancer treatment, it has not shown satisfactory results in GBM patients. Biomaterial science, along with nanobiotechnology, is able to optimize the efficiency of immunotherapy in these patients. They can be employed to provide the specific activation of immune cells in tumor tissue and combinational therapy as well as preventing systemic adverse effects resulting from hyperactivation of immune responses and off-targeting effect. Advance biomaterials in this field are classified into targeting nanocarriers and localized delivery systems. This review will offer an overview of immunotherapy strategies for glioblastoma and advance delivery systems for immunotherapeutics that may have a high potential in glioblastoma treatment.
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15
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Feng Y, Coradi Tonon C, Ashraf S, Hasan T. Photodynamic and antibiotic therapy in combination against bacterial infections: efficacy, determinants, mechanisms, and future perspectives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 177:113941. [PMID: 34419503 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic treatment, the mainstay for the control of bacterial infections, is greatly hampered by the global prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is effective against MDR infections, but PDT-induced bacterial inactivation is often incomplete, causing the relapse of infections. Combination of PDT and antibiotics is a promising strategy to overcome the limitation of both antibiotic treatment and PDT, exerting increased disinfection efficacy on MDR bacterial pathogens versus either of the monotherapies alone. In this review, we present an overview of the therapeutic effects of PDT/antibiotic combinations that have been developed. We further summarize the influencing factors and the governing molecular mechanisms of the therapeutic outcomes of PDT/antibiotic combinations. In the end, we provide concluding remarks on the strengths, limitations, and future research directions of PDT/antibiotic combination therapy to guide its appropriate usage and further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Feng
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Caroline Coradi Tonon
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Shoaib Ashraf
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Health Sciences and Technology (Harvard-MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA.
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16
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Ma CH, Yang J, Mueller JL, Huang HC. Intratumoral Photosensitizer Delivery and Photodynamic Therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 11. [PMID: 34484435 DOI: 10.1142/s179398442130003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a two-step procedure that involves the administration of special drugs, commonly called photosensitizers, followed by the application of certain wavelengths of light. The light activates these photosensitizers to produce reactive molecular species that induce cell death in tissues. There are numerous factors to consider when selecting the appropriate photosensitizer administration route, such as which part of the body is being targeted, the pharmacokinetics of photosensitizers, and the formulation of photosensitizers. While intravenous, topical, and oral administration of photosensitizers are widely used in preclinical and clinical applications of PDT, other administration routes, such as intraperitoneal, intra-arterial, and intratumoral injections, are gaining traction for their potential in treating advanced diseases and reducing off-target toxicities. With recent advances in targeted nanotechnology, biomaterials, and light delivery systems, the exciting possibilities of targeted photosensitizer delivery can be fully realized for preclinical and clinical applications. Further, in light of the growing burden of cancer mortality in low and middle-income countries and development of low-cost light sources and photosensitizers, PDT could be used to treat cancer patients in low-income settings. This short article introduces aspects of interfaces of intratumoral photosensitizer injections and nano-biomaterials for PDT applications in both high-income and low-income settings but does not present a comprehensive review due to space limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hua Ma
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jeffrey Yang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jenna L Mueller
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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17
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Liang BJ, Lusvarghi S, Ambudkar SV, Huang HC. Use of photoimmunoconjugates to characterize ABCB1 in cancer cells. NANOPHOTONICS 2021; 10:3049-3061. [PMID: 35070633 PMCID: PMC8773461 DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2021-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Accurate detection of ATP-binding cassette drug transporter ABCB1 expression is imperative for precise identification of drug-resistant tumors. Existing detection methods fail to provide the necessary molecular details regarding the functional state of the transporter. Photo-immunoconjugates are a unique class of antibody-dye conjugates for molecular diagnosis and therapeutic treatment. However, conjugating hydrophobic photosensitizers to hydrophilic antibodies is quite challenging. Here, we devise a photoimmunoconjugate that combines a clinically approved benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) photosensitizer and the conformational-sensitive UIC2 monoclonal antibody to target functionally active human ABCB1 (i.e., ABCB1 in the inward-open conformation). We show that PEGylation of UIC2 enhances the BPD conjugation efficiency and reduces the amount of non-covalently conjugated BPD molecules by 17%. Size exclusion chromatography effectively separates the different molecular weight species found in the UIC2-BPD sample. The binding of UIC2-BPD to ABCB1 was demonstrated in lipidic nanodiscs and ABCB1-overexpressing triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. UIC2-BPD was found to retain the conformation sensitivity of UIC2, as the addition of ABCB1 modulators increases the antibody reactivity in vitro. Thus, the inherent fluorescence capability of BPD can be used to label ABCB1-overexpressing TNBC cells using UIC2-BPD. Our findings provide insight into conjugation of hydrophobic photosensitizers to conformation-sensitive antibodies to target proteins expressed on the surface of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry J. Liang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sabrina Lusvarghi
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Suresh V. Ambudkar
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Room 2120, Bldg 37, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-4256, USA
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742-5031, USA; and Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201-1595, USA
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18
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Khan A, Dias F, Neekhra S, Singh B, Srivastava R. Designing and Immunomodulating Multiresponsive Nanomaterial for Cancer Theranostics. Front Chem 2021; 8:631351. [PMID: 33585406 PMCID: PMC7878384 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.631351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has been widely investigated yet limited in its manifestation. Cancer treatment holds innovative and futuristic strategies considering high disease heterogeneity. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery are the most explored pillars; however optimal therapeutic window and patient compliance recruit constraints. Recently evolved immunotherapy demonstrates a vital role of the host immune system to prevent metastasis recurrence, still undesirable clinical response and autoimmune adverse effects remain unresolved. Overcoming these challenges, tunable biomaterials could effectively control the co-delivery of anticancer drugs and immunomodulators. Current status demands a potentially new approach for minimally invasive, synergistic, and combinatorial nano-biomaterial assisted targeted immune-based treatment including therapeutics, diagnosis and imaging. This review discusses the latest findings of engineering biomaterial with immunomodulating properties and implementing novel developments in designing versatile nanosystems for cancer theranostics. We explore the functionalization of nanoparticle for delivering antitumor therapeutic and diagnostic agents promoting immune response. Through understanding the efficacy of delivery system, we have enlightened the applicability of nanomaterials as immunomodulatory nanomedicine further advancing to preclinical and clinical trials. Future and present ongoing improvements in engineering biomaterial could result in generating better insight to deal with cancer through easily accessible immunological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amreen Khan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Faith Dias
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Thadomal Shahani Engineering College, Mumbai, India
| | - Suditi Neekhra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Barkha Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Rohit Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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19
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Updated Insights on EGFR Signaling Pathways in Glioma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020587. [PMID: 33435537 PMCID: PMC7827907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, due to recent advances in molecular biology, the pathogenesis of glioblastoma is better understood. For the newly diagnosed, the current standard of care is represented by resection followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide administration, but because median overall survival remains poor, new diagnosis and treatment strategies are needed. Due to the quick progression, even with aggressive multimodal treatment, glioblastoma remains almost incurable. It is known that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification is a characteristic of the classical subtype of glioma. However, targeted therapies against this type of receptor have not yet shown a clear clinical benefit. Many factors contribute to resistance, such as ineffective blood-brain barrier penetration, heterogeneity, mutations, as well as compensatory signaling pathways. A better understanding of the EGFR signaling network, and its interrelations with other pathways, are essential to clarify the mechanisms of resistance and create better therapeutic agents.
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20
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Liu R, Gao Y, Liu N, Suo Y. Nanoparticles loading porphyrin sensitizers in improvement of photodynamic therapy for ovarian cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 33:102156. [PMID: 33352314 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer, the malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate in gynecological tumors, leads to a poor prognosis due to tumor metastasis. At present, the main treatment for ovarian cancer is the combination of cytoreduction surgery and chemotherapy. But the surgery is insufficient to solve the extensive transfer of tumor in the abdominal cavity and a large proportion of ovarian cancer cases have shown resistance to chemotherapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a viable treatment option for a wide range of applications, especially in malignant tumors. Porphyrin sensitizers, as the most widely used photosensitive agents, have the following advantages: short photosensitive period and high singlet oxygen production. However, most studies have found that it is difficult to achieve high loading rates of photosensitive agents, thus effective concentration in target tissue is suboptimal and the lethal ability is greatly reduced. In this article, we review several studies that nanoparticles loading porphyrin sensitizers for photodynamic therapy of ovarian cancer. METHODS We collected relevant literature from PUBMED and reviewed their research content. RESULTS The application of nanotechnology to PDT in ovarian cancer can reduce the non-specific toxicity of photosensitive agents and increase stability and delivery efficiency. CONCLUSIONS The combination with nanotechnology can cover the shortcomings of photodynamic therapy, but the specific efficacy still needs a large number of experiments to prove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shanxi Provincial Peoples Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Yanxia Gao
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shanxi Provincial Peoples Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Nannan Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shanxi Provincial Peoples Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Yuping Suo
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shanxi Provincial Peoples Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
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21
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Lin X, Chen W, Wei F, Xie X. TV-circRGPD6 Nanoparticle Suppresses Breast Cancer Stem Cell-Mediated Metastasis via the miR-26b/YAF2 Axis. Mol Ther 2020; 29:244-262. [PMID: 32950105 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic tumor is a major contributor to death caused by breast cancer. However, effective and targeted therapy for metastatic breast cancer remains to be developed. Initially, we exploited a feasible biological rationale of the association between metastatic status and tumor-initiating properties in metastatic breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Further, we explored that circular RNA RANBP2-like and GRIP domain-containing protein 6 (circRGPD6) regulates the maintenance of stem cell-like characteristics of BCSCs. Targeted expression of circRGPD6 via human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter-driven VP16-GAL4-woodchuck hepatitis virus post-transcriptional regulatory element (WPRE)-integrated systemic amplifier delivery composite vector (TV-circRGPD6) significantly inhibited expression of stem-cell marker CD44 and increased expression of the DNA damage marker p-H2AX. Furthermore, we determined TV-circRGPD6, alone or synergized with docetaxel, displays significant therapeutic responses on metastatic BCSCs. Mechanistic analyses exploited that TV-circRGPD6 suppresses BCSC-mediated metastasis via the microRNA (miR)-26b/YAF2 axis. Clinically, for the first time, we observed that expressions of circRGPD6 and YAF2 predict a favorable prognosis in patients with breast cancer, whereas expression of miR-26b is an unfavorable prognostic factor. Overall, we have developed a TV-circRGPD6 nanoparticle that selectively expresses circRGPD6 in metastatic BCSCs to eradicate breast cancer metastasis, therefore providing a novel avenue to treat breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoti Lin
- Department of Breast Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Breast, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, China.
| | - Weiyu Chen
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Fengqin Wei
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial 2(nd) People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.
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22
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Hanif S, Muhammad P, Chesworth R, Rehman FU, Qian RJ, Zheng M, Shi BY. Nanomedicine-based immunotherapy for central nervous system disorders. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:936-953. [PMID: 32467570 PMCID: PMC7468531 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0429-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders represent a broad spectrum of brain ailments with short- and long-term disabilities, and nanomedicine-based approaches provide a new therapeutic approach to treating CNS disorders. A variety of potential drugs have been discovered to treat several neuronal disorders; however, their therapeutic success can be limited by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Furthermore, unique immune functions within the CNS provide novel target mechanisms for the amelioration of CNS diseases. Recently, various therapeutic approaches have been applied to fight brain-related disorders, with moderate outcomes. Among the various therapeutic strategies, nanomedicine-based immunotherapeutic systems represent a new era that can deliver useful cargo with promising pharmacokinetics. These approaches exploit the molecular and cellular targeting of CNS disorders for enhanced safety, efficacy, and specificity. In this review, we focus on the efficacy of nanomedicines that utilize immunotherapy to combat CNS disorders. Furthermore, we detailed summarize nanomedicine-based pathways for CNS ailments that aim to deliver drugs across the BBB by mimicking innate immune actions. Overview of how nanomedicines can utilize multiple immunotherapy pathways to combat CNS disorders. ![]()
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23
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Cramer G, Lewis R, Gymarty A, Hagan S, Mickler M, Evans S, Punekar SR, Shuman L, Simone CB, Hahn SM, Busch TM, Fraker D, Cengel KA. Preclinical Evaluation of Cetuximab and Benzoporphyrin Derivative‐Mediated Intraperitoneal Photodynamic Therapy in a Canine Model. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:684-691. [DOI: 10.1111/php.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn Cramer
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia PA
| | - Robert Lewis
- St. Francis Hospital and Medical Center Bloomfield CT
| | - Ashley Gymarty
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia PA
| | - Sarah Hagan
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia PA
| | - Michela Mickler
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia PA
| | - Sydney Evans
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia PA
| | - Salman R. Punekar
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia PA
| | - Lee Shuman
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia PA
| | | | - Stephen M. Hahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX
| | - Theresa M. Busch
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia PA
| | - Douglass Fraker
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia PA
| | - Keith A. Cengel
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia PA
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Sadiki A, Kercher EM, Lu H, Lang RT, Spring BQ, Zhou ZS. Site-specific Bioconjugation and Convergent Click Chemistry Enhances Antibody-Chromophore Conjugate Binding Efficiency. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:596-603. [PMID: 32080860 DOI: 10.1111/php.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Photosensitizer (PS)-antibody conjugates (photoimmunoconjugates, PICs) enable cancer cell-targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT). Nonspecific chemical bioconjugation is widely used to synthesize PICs but gives rise to several shortcomings. The conjugates are heterogeneous, and the process is not easily reproducible. Moreover, modifications at or near the binding sites alter both binding affinity and specificity. To overcome these limitations, we introduce convergent assembly of PICs via a chemo-enzymatic site-specific approach. First, an antibody is conjugated to a clickable handle via site-specific modification of glutamine (Gln) residues catalyzed by transglutaminase (TGase, EC 2.3.2.13). Second, the modified antibody intermediate is conjugated to a compatible chromophore via click chemistry. Utilizing cetuximab, we compared this site-specific conjugation protocol to the nonspecific chemical acylation of amines using N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) chemistry. Both the heavy and light chains were modified via the chemical route, whereas, only a glutamine 295 in the heavy chain was modified via chemo-enzymatic conjugation. Furthermore, a 2.3-fold increase in the number of bound antibodies per cell was observed for the site-specific compared with nonspecific method, suggesting that multiple stochastic sites of modification perturb the antibody-antigen binding. Altogether, site-specific bioconjugation leads to homogenous, reproducible and well-defined PICs, conferring higher binding efficiency and probability of clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amissi Sadiki
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA.,Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
| | - Eric M Kercher
- Translational Biophotonics Cluster, Northeastern University, Boston, MA.,Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
| | - Haibin Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA.,Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA.,College of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ryan T Lang
- Translational Biophotonics Cluster, Northeastern University, Boston, MA.,Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
| | - Bryan Q Spring
- Translational Biophotonics Cluster, Northeastern University, Boston, MA.,Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA.,Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA.,Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Zhaohui Sunny Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA.,Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA.,Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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25
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Nath S, Pigula M, Khan AP, Hanna W, Ruhi MK, Dehkordy FM, Pushpavanam K, Rege K, Moore K, Tsujita Y, Conrad C, Inci F, del Carmen MG, Franco W, Celli JP, Demirci U, Hasan T, Huang HC, Rizvi I. Flow-induced Shear Stress Confers Resistance to Carboplatin in an Adherent Three-Dimensional Model for Ovarian Cancer: A Role for EGFR-Targeted Photoimmunotherapy Informed by Physical Stress. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9040924. [PMID: 32231055 PMCID: PMC7230263 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9040924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A key reason for the persistently grim statistics associated with metastatic ovarian cancer is resistance to conventional agents, including platinum-based chemotherapies. A major source of treatment failure is the high degree of genetic and molecular heterogeneity, which results from significant underlying genomic instability, as well as stromal and physical cues in the microenvironment. Ovarian cancer commonly disseminates via transcoelomic routes to distant sites, which is associated with the frequent production of malignant ascites, as well as the poorest prognosis. In addition to providing a cell and protein-rich environment for cancer growth and progression, ascitic fluid also confers physical stress on tumors. An understudied area in ovarian cancer research is the impact of fluid shear stress on treatment failure. Here, we investigate the effect of fluid shear stress on response to platinum-based chemotherapy and the modulation of molecular pathways associated with aggressive disease in a perfusion model for adherent 3D ovarian cancer nodules. Resistance to carboplatin is observed under flow with a concomitant increase in the expression and activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as well as downstream signaling members mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). The uptake of platinum by the 3D ovarian cancer nodules was significantly higher in flow cultures compared to static cultures. A downregulation of phospho-focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK), vinculin, and phospho-paxillin was observed following carboplatin treatment in both flow and static cultures. Interestingly, low-dose anti-EGFR photoimmunotherapy (PIT), a targeted photochemical modality, was found to be equally effective in ovarian tumors grown under flow and static conditions. These findings highlight the need to further develop PIT-based combinations that target the EGFR, and sensitize ovarian cancers to chemotherapy in the context of flow-induced shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Nath
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Michael Pigula
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Amjad P. Khan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - William Hanna
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA; (W.H.); (J.P.C.)
| | - Mustafa Kemal Ruhi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27599, USA
| | - Farzaneh Mahmoodpoor Dehkordy
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Karthik Pushpavanam
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (K.P.); (K.R.)
| | - Kaushal Rege
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (K.P.); (K.R.)
| | - Kaitlin Moore
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Yujiro Tsujita
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Christina Conrad
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (C.C.); (H.-C.H.)
| | - Fatih Inci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (F.I.); (U.D.)
| | - Marcela G. del Carmen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Walfre Franco
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Jonathan P. Celli
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA; (W.H.); (J.P.C.)
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (F.I.); (U.D.)
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (C.C.); (H.-C.H.)
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Correspondence:
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Sorrin AJ, Ruhi MK, Ferlic NA, Karimnia V, Polacheck WJ, Celli JP, Huang HC, Rizvi I. Photodynamic Therapy and the Biophysics of the Tumor Microenvironment. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:232-259. [PMID: 31895481 PMCID: PMC7138751 DOI: 10.1111/php.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) provides opportunities to modulate tumor physiology, enhance the delivery of therapeutic agents, impact immune response and overcome resistance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemistry-based, nonthermal modality that produces reactive molecular species at the site of light activation and is in the clinic for nononcologic and oncologic applications. The unique mechanisms and exquisite spatiotemporal control inherent to PDT enable selective modulation or destruction of the TME and cancer cells. Mechanical stress plays an important role in tumor growth and survival, with increasing implications for therapy design and drug delivery, but remains understudied in the context of PDT and PDT-based combinations. This review describes pharmacoengineering and bioengineering approaches in PDT to target cellular and noncellular components of the TME, as well as molecular targets on tumor and tumor-associated cells. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of mechanical stress in the context of targeted PDT regimens, and combinations, for primary and metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Sorrin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Mustafa Kemal Ruhi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Nathaniel A. Ferlic
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Vida Karimnia
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - William J. Polacheck
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jonathan P. Celli
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Baglo Y, Sorrin AJ, Liang BJ, Huang HC. Harnessing the Potential Synergistic Interplay Between Photosensitizer Dark Toxicity and Chemotherapy. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:636-645. [PMID: 31856423 DOI: 10.1111/php.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The combination of photodynamic therapy and taxol- or platinum-based chemotherapy (photochemotherapy) is an effective and promising cancer treatment. While the mechanisms of action of photochemotherapy are actively studied, relatively little is known about the cytotoxicity and molecular alterations induced by the combination of chemotherapy and photosensitizers without light activation in cancer cells. This study investigates the interplay between the photosensitizer benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) without light activation and cisplatin or paclitaxel in two glioblastoma lines, U87 and U251. The combination effect of BPD and cisplatin in U87 cells is slightly synergistic (combination index, CI = 0.93), showing 1.8- to 2.6-fold lower half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50 ) compared to those of individual drugs. In contrast, combining BPD and paclitaxel is slightly antagonistic (CI = 1.14) in U87 cells. In U251 cells, the combinations of BPD and cisplatin or paclitaxel are both antagonistic (CI = 1.24 and 1.34, respectively). Western blotting was performed to investigate changes in the expression levels of YAP, TAZ, Bcl-2 and EGFR in U87 and U251 cells treated with BPD, cisplatin and paclitaxel, both as monotherapies and in combination. Our study provides insights into the molecular alterations in two glioma lines caused by each monotherapy and the combinations, in order to inform the design of effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Baglo
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Aaron J Sorrin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Barry J Liang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Yang J, Shi Z, Liu R, Wu Y, Zhang X. Combined-therapeutic strategies synergistically potentiate glioblastoma multiforme treatment via nanotechnology. Theranostics 2020; 10:3223-3239. [PMID: 32194864 PMCID: PMC7053190 DOI: 10.7150/thno.40298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive and devastating brain tumor characterized by poor prognosis and high rates of recurrence. Numerous therapeutic strategies and delivery systems are developed to prolong the survival time. They exhibit enhanced therapeutic effects in animal models, whereas few of them is applied in clinical trials. Taking into account the drug-resistance and high recurrence of GBM, combined-therapeutic strategies are exploited to maximize therapeutic efficacy. The combined therapies demonstrate superior results than those of single therapies against GBM. The co-therapeutic agents, the timing of therapeutic strategies and the delivery systems greatly affect the overall outcomes. Herein, the current advances in combined therapies for glioblastoma via systemic administration are exhibited in this review. And we will discuss the pros and cons of these combined-therapeutic strategies via nanotechnology, and provide the guidance for developing rational delivery systems to optimize treatments against GBM and other malignancies in central nervous system.
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Liang BJ, Pigula M, Baglo Y, Najafali D, Hasan T, Huang HC. Breaking the selectivity-uptake trade-off of photoimmunoconjugates with nanoliposomal irinotecan for synergistic multi-tier cancer targeting. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:1. [PMID: 31898555 PMCID: PMC6939330 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0560-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photoimmunotherapy involves targeted delivery of photosensitizers via an antibody conjugate (i.e., photoimmunoconjugate, PIC) followed by light activation for selective tumor killing. The trade-off between PIC selectivity and PIC uptake is a major drawback limiting the efficacy of photoimmunotherapy. Despite ample evidence showing that photoimmunotherapy is most effective when combined with chemotherapy, the design of nanocarriers to co-deliver PICs and chemotherapy drugs remains an unmet need. To overcome these challenges, we developed a novel photoimmunoconjugate-nanoliposome (PIC-Nal) comprising of three clinically used agents: anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) monoclonal antibody cetuximab (Cet), benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) photosensitizer, and irinotecan (IRI) chemotherapy. RESULTS The BPD photosensitizers were first tethered to Cet at a molar ratio of 6:1 using carbodiimide chemistry to form PICs. Conjugation of PICs onto nanoliposome irinotecan (Nal-IRI) was facilitated by copper-free click chemistry, which resulted in monodispersed PIC-Nal-IRI with an average size of 158.8 ± 15.6 nm. PIC-Nal-IRI is highly selective against EGFR-overexpressing epithelial ovarian cancer cells with 2- to 6-fold less accumulation in low EGFR expressing cells. Successful coupling of PIC onto Nal-IRI enhanced PIC uptake and photoimmunotherapy efficacy by up to 30% in OVCAR-5 cells. Furthermore, PIC-Nal-IRI synergistically reduced cancer viability via a unique three-way mechanism (i.e., EGFR downregulation, mitochondrial depolarization, and DNA damage). CONCLUSION It is increasingly evident that the most effective therapies for cancer will involve combination treatments that target multiple non-overlapping pathways while minimizing side effects. Nanotechnology combined with photochemistry provides a unique opportunity to simultaneously deliver and activate multiple drugs that target all major regions of a cancer cell-plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. PIC-Nal-IRI offers a promising strategy to overcome the selectivity-uptake trade-off, improve photoimmunotherapy efficacy, and enable multi-tier cancer targeting. Controllable drug compartmentalization, easy surface modification, and high clinical relevance collectively make PIC-Nal-IRI extremely valuable and merits further investigations in living animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry J Liang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Michael Pigula
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yan Baglo
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Daniel Najafali
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Nath S, Saad MA, Pigula M, Swain JW, Hasan T. Photoimmunotherapy of Ovarian Cancer: A Unique Niche in the Management of Advanced Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1887. [PMID: 31783651 PMCID: PMC6966499 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related deaths in the United States, with five-year survival rates of 15-20% for stage III cancers and 5% for stage IV cancers. The standard of care for advanced OvCa involves surgical debulking of disseminated disease in the peritoneum followed by chemotherapy. Despite advances in treatment efficacy, the prognosis for advanced stage OvCa patients remains poor and the emergence of chemoresistant disease localized to the peritoneum is the primary cause of death. Therefore, a complementary modality that is agnostic to typical chemo- and radio-resistance mechanisms is urgently needed. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a photochemistry-based process, is an ideal complement to standard treatments for residual disease. The confinement of the disease in the peritoneal cavity makes it amenable for regionally localized treatment with PDT. PDT involves photochemical generation of cytotoxic reactive molecular species (RMS) by non-toxic photosensitizers (PSs) following exposure to non-harmful visible light, leading to localized cell death. However, due to the complex topology of sensitive organs in the peritoneum, diffuse intra-abdominal PDT induces dose-limiting toxicities due to non-selective accumulation of PSs in both healthy and diseased tissue. In an effort to achieve selective damage to tumorous nodules, targeted PS formulations have shown promise to make PDT a feasible treatment modality in this setting. This targeted strategy involves chemical conjugation of PSs to antibodies, referred to as photoimmunoconjugates (PICs), to target OvCa specific molecular markers leading to enhanced therapeutic outcomes while reducing off-target toxicity. In light of promising results of pilot clinical studies and recent preclinical advances, this review provides the rationale and methodologies for PIC-based PDT, or photo-immunotherapy (PIT), in the context of OvCa management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.A.S.); (M.P.)
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Obaid G, Bano S, Mallidi S, Broekgaarden M, Kuriakose J, Silber Z, Bulin AL, Wang Y, Mai Z, Jin W, Simeone D, Hasan T. Impacting Pancreatic Cancer Therapy in Heterotypic in Vitro Organoids and in Vivo Tumors with Specificity-Tuned, NIR-Activable Photoimmunonanoconjugates: Towards Conquering Desmoplasia? NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:7573-7587. [PMID: 31518145 PMCID: PMC6934365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite untiring efforts to develop therapies for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), survival statistics remain dismal, necessitating distinct approaches. Photodynamic priming (PDP), which improves drug delivery and combination regimens, as well as tumor photodestruction are key attributes of photodynamic therapy (PDT), making it a distinctive clinical option for PDAC. Localized, high-payload nanomedicine-assisted delivery of photosensitizers (PSs), with molecular specificity and controlled photoactivation, thus becomes critical in order to reduce collateral toxicity during more expansive photodynamic activation procedures with curative intent. As such, targeted photoactivable lipid-based nanomedicines are an ideal candidate but have failed to provide greater than two-fold cancer cell selectivity, if at all, due to their extensive multivariant physical, optical, and chemical complexity. Here, we report (1) a systematic multivariant tuning approach to engineer (Cet, anti-EGFR mAb) photoimmunonanoconjugates (PINs), and (2) stroma-rich heterotypic PDAC in vitro and in vivo models incorporating patient-derived pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts (PCAFs) that recapitulate the desmoplasia observed in the clinic. These offer a comprehensive, disease-specific framework for the development of Cet-PINs. Specificity-tuning of the PINs, in terms of PS lipid anchoring, electrostatic modulation, Cet orientation, and Cet surface densities, achieved ∼16-fold binding specificities and rapid penetration of the heterotypic organoids within 1 h, thereby providing a ∼16-fold enhancement in molecular targeted NIR photodestruction. As a demonstration of their inherent amenability for multifunctionality, encapsulation of high payloads of gemcitabine hydrochloride, 5-fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin within the Cet-PINs further improved their antitumor efficacy in the heterotypic organoids. In heterotypic desmoplastic tumors, the Cet-PINs efficiently penetrated up to 470 μm away from blood vessels, and photodynamic activation resulted in substantial tumor necrosis, which was not elicited in T47D tumors (low EGFR) or when using untargeted constructs in both tumor types. Photodynamic activation of the Cet-PINs in the heterotypic desmoplastic tumors resulted in collagen photomodulation, with a 1.5-fold reduction in collagen density, suggesting that PDP may also hold potential for conquering desmoplasia. The in vivo safety profile of photodynamic activation of the Cet-PINs was also substantially improved, as compared to the untargeted constructs. While treatment using the Cet-PINs did not cause any detriment to the mice's health or to healthy proximal tissue, photodynamic activation of untargeted constructs induced severe acute cachexia and weight loss in all treated mice, with substantial peripheral skin necrosis, muscle necrosis, and bowel perforation. This study is the first report demonstrating the true value of molecular targeting for NIR-activable PINs. These constructs integrate high payload delivery, efficient photodestruction, molecular precision, and collagen photomodulation in desmoplastic PDAC tumors in a single treatment using a single construct. Such combined PIN platforms and heterocellular models open up an array of further multiplexed combination therapies to synergistically control desmoplastic tumor progression and extend PDAC patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girgis Obaid
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Shazia Bano
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Srivalleesha Mallidi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Mans Broekgaarden
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Jerrin Kuriakose
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Zachary Silber
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Anne-Laure Bulin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Zhiming Mai
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Wendong Jin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Diane Simeone
- Department of Surgery and Department of Pathology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Inglut CT, Baglo Y, Liang BJ, Cheema Y, Stabile J, Woodworth GF, Huang HC. Systematic Evaluation of Light-Activatable Biohybrids for Anti-Glioma Photodynamic Therapy. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1269. [PMID: 31438568 PMCID: PMC6780262 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosensitizing biomolecules (PSBM) represent a new generation of light-absorbing compounds with improved optical and physicochemical properties for biomedical applications. Despite numerous advances in lipid-, polymer-, and protein-based PSBMs, their effective use requires a fundamental understanding of how macromolecular structure influences the physicochemical and biological properties of the photosensitizer. Here, we prepared and characterized three well-defined PSBMs based on a clinically used photosensitizer, benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD). The PSBMs include 16:0 lysophosphocholine-BPD (16:0 Lyso PC-BPD), distearoyl-phosphoethanolamine-polyethylene-glycol-BPD (DSPE-PEG-BPD), and anti-EGFR cetuximab-BPD (Cet-BPD). In two glioma cell lines, DSPE-PEG-BPD exhibited the highest singlet oxygen yield but was the least phototoxic due to low cellular uptake. The 16:0 Lyso PC-BPD was most efficient in promoting cellular uptake but redirected BPD's subcellular localization from mitochondria to lysosomes. At 24 h after incubation, proteolyzed Cet-BPD was localized to mitochondria and effectively disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential upon light activation. Our results revealed the variable trafficking and end effects of PSBMs, providing valuable insights into methods of PSBM evaluation, as well as strategies to select PSBMs based on subcellular targets and cytotoxic mechanisms. We demonstrated that biologically informed combinations of PSBMs to target lysosomes and mitochondria, concurrently, may lead to enhanced therapeutic effects against gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin T Inglut
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Yan Baglo
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Barry J Liang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Yahya Cheema
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jillian Stabile
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Graeme F Woodworth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Baglo Y, Liang BJ, Robey RW, Ambudkar SV, Gottesman MM, Huang HC. Porphyrin-lipid assemblies and nanovesicles overcome ABC transporter-mediated photodynamic therapy resistance in cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2019; 457:110-118. [PMID: 31071369 PMCID: PMC6690745 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves light activation of the photosensitizer to generate reactive molecular species that induce cell modulation or death. Based on earlier findings showing that the photosensitizer benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) is a breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) substrate, we investigated the ability of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) to transport BPD. In a panel of breast cancer cell lines overexpressing P-gp, MRP1, or ABCG2, BPD transport occurs only in cells overexpressing P-gp and ABCG2. Intracellular BPD fluorescence is not affected by MRP1, as determined by flow cytometry. To bypass P-gp- and ABCG2-mediated efflux of BPD, we introduce a lipidation strategy to create BPD derivatives that are no longer P-gp and ABCG2 substrates. The phospholipid-conjugated BPD and its nanoliposomal formulation evade both P-gp- and ABCG2-mediated transport. In cytotoxicity assays, lipidated BPD and its nanoliposomal formulation abrogate P-gp- and ABCG2-mediated PDT resistance. We verify that P-gp, like ABCG2, plays a role in BPD transport and BPD-PDT resistance. Furthermore, we introduce porphyrin-lipid nanovesicles as a new strategy to escape P-gp and ABCG2-mediated efflux of BPD for improved PDT outcomes in two breast cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Baglo
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Barry J Liang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Robert W Robey
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Suresh V Ambudkar
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michael M Gottesman
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Li J, Duan H, Pu K. Nanotransducers for Near-Infrared Photoregulation in Biomedicine. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1901607. [PMID: 31199021 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Photoregulation, which utilizes light to remotely control biological events, provides a precise way to decipher biology and innovate in medicine; however, its potential is limited by the shallow tissue penetration and/or phototoxicity of ultraviolet (UV)/visible light that are required to match the optical responses of endogenous photosensitive substances. Thereby, biologically friendly near-infrared (NIR) light with improved tissue penetration is desired for photoregulation. Since there are a few endogenous biomolecules absorbing or emitting light in the NIR region, the development of molecular transducers is essential to convert NIR light into the cues for regulation of biological events. In this regard, optical nanomaterials able to convert NIR light into UV/visible light, heat, or free radicals are suitable for this task. Here, the recent developments of optical nanotransducers for NIR-light-mediated photoregulation in medicine are summarized. The emerging applications, including photoregulation of neural activity, gene expression, and visual systems, as well as photochemical tissue bonding, are highlighted, along with the design principles of nanotransducers. Moreover, the current challenges and perspectives in this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Li
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Hongwei Duan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
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Fernandes SRG, Fernandes R, Sarmento B, Pereira PMR, Tomé JPC. Photoimmunoconjugates: novel synthetic strategies to target and treat cancer by photodynamic therapy. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2579-2593. [PMID: 30648722 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02902d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) combines a photosensitizer (PS) with the physical energy of non-ionizing light to trigger cell death pathways. PDT has potential as a therapeutic modality to be used in alternative or in combination with other conventional cancer treatment protocols (e.g. surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy). Still, due to the lack of specificity of the current PSs to target the tumor cells, several studies have exploited their conjugation with targeting moieties. PSs conjugated with antibodies (Abs) or their fragments, able to bind antigens overexpressed in the tumors, have demonstrated potential in PDT of tumors. This review provides an overview of the most recent advances on photoimmunoconjugates (PICs) for cancer PDT, which involve the first and second-generation PSs conjugated to Abs. This is an update of our previous review "Antibodies armed with photosensitizers: from chemical synthesis to photobiological applications", published in 2015 in Org. Biomol. Chem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara R G Fernandes
- CQE, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Thang DC, Wang Z, Lu X, Xing B. Precise cell behaviors manipulation through light-responsive nano-regulators: recent advance and perspective. Theranostics 2019; 9:3308-3340. [PMID: 31244956 PMCID: PMC6567964 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology-assisted spatiotemporal manipulation of biological events holds great promise in advancing the practice of precision medicine in healthcare systems. The progress in internal and/or external stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms for highly specific cellular regulations and theranostic controls offer potential clinical translations of the revolutionized nanomedicine. To successfully implement this new paradigm, the emerging light-responsive nanoregulators with unparalleled precise cell functions manipulation have gained intensive attention, providing UV-Vis light-triggered photocleavage or photoisomerization studies, as well as near-infrared (NIR) light-mediated deep-tissue applications for stimulating cellular signal cascades and treatment of mortal diseases. This review discusses current developments of light-activatable nanoplatforms for modulations of various cellular events including neuromodulations, stem cell monitoring, immunomanipulation, cancer therapy, and other biological target intervention. In summary, the propagation of light-controlled nanomedicine would place a bright prospect for future medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Cong Thang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- International Nanobody Research Center of Guangxi, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Bengang Xing
- Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute (SSIJRI), Guangzhou 510000, China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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