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Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Sun W, Yang F, Yao X, Pan T, Li B, Chu J. Label-free active single-cell encapsulation enabled by microvalve-based on-demand droplet generation and real-time image processing. Talanta 2024; 276:126299. [PMID: 38788384 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Droplet microfluidics-based single-cell encapsulation is a critical technology that enables large-scale parallel single-cell analysis by capturing and processing thousands of individual cells. As the efficiency of passive single-cell encapsulation is limited by Poisson distribution, active single-cell encapsulation has been developed to theoretically ensure that each droplet contains one cell. However, existing active single-cell encapsulation technologies still face issues related to fluorescence labeling and low throughput. Here, we present an active single-cell encapsulation technique by using microvalve-based drop-on-demand technology and real-time image processing to encapsulate single cells with high throughput in a label-free manner. Our experiments demonstrated that the single-cell encapsulation system can encapsulate individual polystyrene beads with 96.3 % efficiency and HeLa cells with 94.9 % efficiency. The flow speed of cells in this system can reach 150 mm/s, resulting in a corresponding theoretical encapsulation throughput of 150 Hz. This technology has significant potential in various biomedical applications, including single-cell omics, secretion detection, and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wang
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Yousu Wang
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Fengrui Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xuebiao Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Tingrui Pan
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China; Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Baoqing Li
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Jiaru Chu
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
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2
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Shen S, Liu X, Fan K, Bai H, Li X, Li H. Stabilizing and Accelerating Secondary Flow in Ultralong Spiral Channel for High-Throughput Cell Manipulation. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11412-11421. [PMID: 38954777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Efficient cell manipulation is essential for numerous applications in bioanalysis and medical diagnosis. However, the lack of stability and strength in the secondary flow, coupled with the narrow range of practical throughput, severely restricts the diverse applications. Herein, we present an innovative inertial microfluidic device that employs a spiral channel for high-throughput cell manipulation. Our investigation demonstrates that the regulation of Dean-like secondary flow in the microchannel can be achieved through geometric confinement. Introducing ordered microstructures into the ultralong spiral channel (>90 cm) stabilizes and accelerates the secondary flow among different loops. Consequently, effective manipulation of blood cells within a wide cell throughput range (1.73 × 108 to 1.16 × 109 cells/min) and cancer cells across a broad throughput range (0.5 × 106 to 5 × 107 cells/min) can be achieved. In comparison to previously reported technologies, our engineering approach of stabilizing and accelerating secondary flow offers specific performance for cell manipulation under a wide range of high-throughput manner. This engineered spiral channel would be promising in biomedical analysis, especially when cells need to be focused efficiently on large-volume liquid samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Shen
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, P. R. China
| | - Xufang Liu
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, P. R. China
| | - Kuohai Fan
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, P. R. China
| | - Hanjie Bai
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Breast, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529000, P. R. China
| | - Hongquan Li
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, P. R. China
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3
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Kheirkhah Barzoki A. Optimization of passive micromixers: effects of pillar configuration and gaps on mixing efficiency. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16245. [PMID: 39009602 PMCID: PMC11251160 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemical bioreactions play a significant role in many of the microfluidic devices, and their applications in biomedical science have seen substantial growth. Given that effective mixing is vital for initiating biochemical reactions in many applications, micromixers have become increasingly prevalent for high-throughput assays. In this research, a numerical study using the finite element method was conducted to examine the fluid flow and mass transfer characteristics in novel micromixers featuring an array of pillars. The study utilized two-dimensional geometries. The impact of pillar configuration on mixing performance was evaluated using concentration distribution and mixing index as key metrics. The study explores the effects of pillar array design on mixing performance and pressure drop, drawing from principles such as contraction-expansion and split-recombine. Two configurations of pillar arrays, slanted and arrowhead, are introduced, each undergoing investigation regarding parameters such as pillar diameter, gap size between pillar groups, distance between pillars, and vertical shift in pillar groups. Subsequently, optimal micromixers are identified, exhibiting mixing efficiency exceeding 99.7% at moderate Reynolds number (Re = 1), a level typically challenging for micromixers to attain high mixing efficiency. Notably, the pressure drop remains low at 1102 Pa. Furthermore, the variations in mixing index over time and across different positions along the channel are examined. Both configurations demonstrate short mixing lengths and times. At a distance of 4300 μm from the inlet, the slanted and arrowhead configurations yielded mixing indices of 97.2% and 98.9%, respectively. The micromixers could provide a mixing index of 99.5% at the channel's end within 8 s. Additionally, both configurations exceeded 90% mixing indices by the 3 s. The combination of rapid mixing, low pressure drop, and short mixing length positions the novel micromixers as highly promising for microfluidic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kheirkhah Barzoki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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He X, Ren F, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhou J, Huang J, Cao S, Dong J, Wang R, Wu M, Liu J. Acoustofluidic-based microscopic examination for automated and point-of-care urinalysis. LAB ON A CHIP 2024. [PMID: 38904306 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00408f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Urinalysis is a heavily used diagnostic test in clinical laboratories; however, it is chronically held back by urine sediment microscopic examination. Current instruments are bulky and expensive to be widely adopted, making microscopic examination a procedure that still relies on manual operations and requires large time and labor costs. To improve the efficacy and automation of urinalysis, this study develops an acoustofluidic-based microscopic examination system. The system utilizes the combination of acoustofluidic manipulation and a passive hydrodynamic mechanism, and thus achieves a high throughput (1000 μL min-1) and a high concentration factor (95.2 ± 2.1 fold) simultaneously, fulfilling the demands for urine examination. The concentrated urine sample is automatically dispensed into a hemocytometer chamber and the images are then analyzed using a machine learning algorithm. The whole process is completed within 3 minutes with detection accuracies of erythrocytes and leukocytes of 94.6 ± 3.5% and 95.1 ± 1.8%, respectively. The examination outcome of urine samples from 50 volunteers by this device shows a correlation coefficient of 0.96 compared to manual microscopic examination. Our system offers a promising tool for automated urine microscopic examination, thus it has potential to save a large amount of time and labor in clinical laboratories, as well as to promote point-of-care urine testing applications in and beyond hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Feng Ren
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Jiming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Shuye Cao
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Jinying Dong
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Renxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Testing Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China
| | - Mengxi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
| | - Junshan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China
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5
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Shi Y, Wang D, Xiao Y, Pan T, Liu W, Lee LP, Xin H, Li B. Spontaneous Particle Ordering, Sorting, and Assembly on Soap Films. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:6433-6440. [PMID: 38747334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Soap bubbles exhibit abundant fascinating phenomena throughout the entire life of evolution with different fundamental physics governing them. Nevertheless, the complicated dynamics of small objects in soap films are still unrevealed. Here, we report the first observation of spontaneous particle ordering in a complicated galaxy of soap films without any external energy. The balance of interfacial tension at two liquid-gas interfaces is theoretically predicted to govern belted wetted particles (BWPs) traveling along a specified path spontaneously. Such spontaneous particle path-finding is found to depend on the particle size and hydrophilic properties. Spontaneous particle sorting is directly realized via these discrete and distinctive paths for different particles. The deformation of the soap membrane facilitates 1D/2D particle organization along the path. This observation represents the discovery of a new spontaneous order phenomenon in soap film systems and provides a new energy-free approach for particle separation and soft colloidal crystal assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, People's Republic of China
| | - Danning Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenpeng Liu
- Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Luke P Lee
- Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongbao Xin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, People's Republic of China
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6
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Shanehband N, Naghib SM. Recent advances in nano/microfluidics-based cell isolation techniques for cancer diagnosis and treatments. Biochimie 2024; 220:122-143. [PMID: 38176605 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Miniaturization has improved significantly in the recent decade, which has enabled the development of numerous microfluidic systems. Microfluidic technologies have shown great potential for separating desired cells from heterogeneous samples, as they offer benefits such as low sample consumption, easy operation, and high separation accuracy. Microfluidic cell separation approaches can be classified into physical (label-free) and biological (labeled) methods based on their working principles. Each method has remarkable and feasible benefits for the purposes of cancer detection and therapy, as well as the challenges that we have discussed in this article. In this review, we present the recent advances in microfluidic cell sorting techniques that incorporate both physical and biological aspects, with an emphasis on the methods by which the cells are separated. We first introduce and discuss the biological cell sorting techniques, followed by the physical cell sorting techniques. Additionally, we explore the role of microfluidics in drug screening, drug delivery, and lab-on-chip (LOC) therapy. In addition, we discuss the challenges and future prospects of integrated microfluidics for cell sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Shanehband
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran.
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Chen X, Liu S, Shen M, Shi J, Wu C, Song Z, Zhao Y. Dielectrophoretic characterization and selection of non-spherical flagellate algae in parallel channels with right-angle bipolar electrodes. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:2506-2517. [PMID: 38619815 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00165f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Non-spherical flagellate algae play an increasingly significant role in handling problematic issues as versatile biological micro/nanorobots and resources of valuable bioproducts. However, the commensalism of flagellate algae with distinct structures and constituents causes considerable difficulties in their further biological utilization. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a novel method to realize high-efficiency selection of non-spherical flagellate algae in a non-invasive manner. Enthused by these, we proposed a novel method to accomplish the selection of flagellate algae based on the numerical and experimental investigation of dielectrophoretic characterizations of flagellate algae. Firstly, an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method was utilized to study the electro-orientation and dielectrophoretic assembly process of spindle-shaped and ellipsoid-shaped cells in a uniform electric field. Secondly, we studied the equilibrium state of spherical, ellipsoid-shaped, and spindle-shaped cells under positive DEP forces actuated by right-angle bipolar electrodes. Thirdly, we investigated the dielectrophoretic assembly and escape processes of the non-spherical flagellate algae in continuous flow to explore their influences on the selection. Fourthly, freshwater flagellate algae (Euglena, H. pluvialis, and C. reinhardtii) and marine ones (Euglena, Dunaliella salina, and Platymonas) were separated to validate the feasibility and adaptability of this method. Finally, this approach was engineered in the selection of Euglena cells with high viability and motility. This method presents immense prospects in the selection of pure non-spherical flagellate algae with high motility for chronic wound healing, bio-micromotor construction, and decontamination with advantages of no sheath, strong reliability, and shape-insensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Chen
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Shun Liu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Mo Shen
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Jishun Shi
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Chungang Wu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Zhipeng Song
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
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Shen S, Zhao L, Bai H, Zhang Y, Niu Y, Tian C, Chan H. Spiral Large-Dimension Microfluidic Channel for Flow-Rate- and Particle-Size-Insensitive Focusing by the Stabilization and Acceleration of Secondary Flow. Anal Chem 2024; 96:1750-1758. [PMID: 38215439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Inertial microfluidics has demonstrated its ability to focus particles in a passive and straightforward manner. However, achieving flow-rate- and particle-size-insensitive focusing in large-dimension channels with a simple design remains challenging. In this study, we developed a spiral microfluidic with a large-dimension channel to achieve inertial focusing. By designing a unique "big buffering area" and a "small buffering area" in the spiral microchannel, we observed the stabilization and acceleration of secondary flow. Our optimized design allowed for efficient (>99.9%) focusing of 15 μm particles within a wide range of flow rates (0.5-4.5 mL/min) during a long operation duration (0-60 min). Additionally, we achieved effective (>95%) focusing of different-sized particles (7, 10, 15, and 30 μm) and three types of tumor cells (K562, HeLa, and MCF-7) near the inner wall of the 1 mm wide outlet when applying different flow rates (1-3 mL/min). Finally, successful 3D cell focusing was achieved within an optimized device, with the cells positioned at a distance of 50 μm from the wall. Our strategy of stabilizing and accelerating Dean-like secondary flow through the unique configuration of a "big buffering area" and a "small buffering area" proved to be highly effective in achieving inertial focusing that is insensitive to the flow rate and particle size, particularly in large-dimension channels. Consequently, it shows great potential for use in hand-operated microfluidic tools for flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Shen
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Hanjie Bai
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yanbing Niu
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Chang Tian
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Henryk Chan
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K
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9
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Zhang K, Xiang W, Jia N, Yu M, Liu J, Xie Z. A portable microfluidic device for thermally controlled granular sample manipulation. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:549-560. [PMID: 38168724 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00888f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Effective granular sample manipulation with a portable and visualizable microfluidic device is significant for lots of applications, such as point-of-care testing and cargo delivery. Herein, we report a portable microfluidic device for controlled particle focusing, migration and double-emulsion droplet release via thermal fields. The device mainly contains a microfluidic chip, a microcontroller with a DC voltage control unit, a built-in microscope with a video transmission unit and a smartphone. Five microheaters located at the bottom of the microfluidic chip are used to unevenly heat fluids and then induce thermal buoyancy flow and a thermocapillary effect, and the experiments can be conveniently visualized through a smartphone, which provides convenient sample detection in outdoor environments. To demonstrate the feasibility and multifunctionality of this device, the focusing manipulation of multiple particles is first analyzed by using silica particles and yeast cells as experimental samples. We can directly observe the particle focusing states on the screen of a smartphone, and the particle focusing efficiency can be flexibly tuned by changing the control voltage of the microheater. Then the study focus is transferred to single-particle migration. By changing the voltage combinations applied on four strip microheaters, the single particle can migrate at predetermined trajectory and speed, showing attractiveness for those applications needing sample transportation. Finally, we manipulate the special three-phase flow system of double-emulsion drops in thermal fields. Under the combined effect of the thermocapillary effect and increased instability, the shell of double-emulsion droplets gradually thins and finally breaks, resulting in the release of samples in inner cores. The core release speed can also be flexibly adjusted by changing the control voltage of the microheater. These three experiments successfully demonstrate the effectiveness and multifunctionality of this thermally actuated microfluidic device on granular manipulation. Therefore, this portable microfluidic device will be promising for lots of applications, such as analytical detection, microrobot actuation and cargo release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailiang Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China 150040.
| | - Wei Xiang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China 150040.
| | - Na Jia
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China 150040.
| | - Mingyu Yu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China 150040.
| | - Jiuqing Liu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China 150040.
| | - Zhijie Xie
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, PR China 150040.
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10
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Toudeshkchouei MG, Abdoos H. Magnetic nanoparticles fabricated/integrated with microfluidics for biological applications: A review. Biomed Microdevices 2024; 26:13. [PMID: 38270676 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-023-00693-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Nanostructured materials have gained significant attention in recent years for their potential in biological applications, such as cell and biomolecular sorting, as well as early detection of metastatic cancer. Among these materials, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) stand out for their easy functionalization, high specific surface area, chemical stability, and superparamagnetic properties. However, conventional fabrication methods can lead to inconsistencies in MNPs' characteristics and performance, highlighting the need for a cost-effective, controllable, and reproducible synthesis approach. In this review, we will discuss the utilization of microfluidic technology as a cutting-edge strategy for the continuous and regulated synthesis of MNPs. This approach has proven effective in producing MNPs with a superior biomedical performance by offering precise control over particle size, shape, and surface properties. We will examine the latest research findings on developing and integrating MNPs synthesized through continuous microfluidic processes for a wide range of biological applications. By providing an overview of the current state of the field, this review aims to showcase the advantages of microfluidics in the fabrication and integration of MNPs, emphasizing their potential to revolutionize diagnostic and therapeutic methods within the realm of biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hassan Abdoos
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Semnan University, P.O. Box 35131-19111, Semnan, Iran.
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11
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Khan MS, Ali M, Lee SH, Jang KY, Lee SJ, Park J. Acoustofluidic separation of prolate and spherical micro-objects. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:6. [PMID: 38222472 PMCID: PMC10784511 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Most microfluidic separation techniques rely largely on object size as a separation marker. The ability to separate micro-objects based on their shape is crucial in various biomedical and chemical assays. Here, we develop an on-demand, label-free acoustofluidic method to separate prolate ellipsoids from spherical microparticles based on traveling surface acoustic wave-induced acoustic radiation force and torque. The freely rotating non-spherical micro-objects were aligned under the progressive acoustic field by the counterrotating radiation torque, and the major axis of the prolate ellipsoids was parallel to the progressive wave propagation. The specific alignment of the ellipsoidal particles resulted in a reduction in the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the wave propagation. As a consequence, the acoustic backscattering decreased, resulting in a decreased magnitude of the radiation force. Through the variation in radiation force, which depended on the micro-object morphology enabled the acoustofluidic shape-based separation. We conducted numerical simulations for the wave scattering of spherical and prolate objects to elucidate the working mechanism underlying the proposed method. A series of experiments with polystyrene microspheres, prolate ellipsoids, and peanut-shaped microparticles were performed for validation. Through quantitative analysis of the separation efficiency, we confirmed the high purity and high recovery rate of the proposed acoustofluidic shape-based separation of micro-objects. As a bioparticle, we utilize Thalassiosira eccentrica to perform shape-based separation, as the species has a variety of potential applications in drug delivery, biosensing, nanofabrication, bioencapsulation and immunoisolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Soban Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Mushtaq Ali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Song Ha Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Young Jang
- Department of Polymer Engineering, The University of Suwon, 17 Wauan-gil, Bongdam-eup, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi 18323 Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jae Lee
- Department of Polymer Engineering, The University of Suwon, 17 Wauan-gil, Bongdam-eup, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi 18323 Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsoo Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186 Republic of Korea
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12
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Ding Y, Peng YY, Li S, Tang C, Gao J, Wang HY, Long ZY, Lu XM, Wang YT. Single-Cell Sequencing Technology and Its Application in the Study of Central Nervous System Diseases. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023:10.1007/s12013-023-01207-3. [PMID: 38133792 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian central nervous system consists of a large number of cells, which contain not only different types of neurons, but also a large number of glial cells, such as astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. These cells are capable of performing highly refined electrophysiological activities and providing the brain with functions such as nutritional support, information transmission and pathogen defense. The diversity of cell types and individual differences between cells have brought inspiration to the study of the mechanism of central nervous system diseases. In order to explore the role of different cells, a new technology, single-cell sequencing technology has emerged to perform specific analysis of high-throughput cell populations, and has been continuously developed. Single-cell sequencing technology can accurately analyze single-cell expression in mixed-cell populations and collect cells from different spatial locations, time stages and types. By using single-cell sequencing technology to compare gene expression profiles of normal and diseased cells, it is possible to discover cell subsets associated with specific diseases and their associated genes. Therefore, scientists can understand the development process, related functions and disease state of the nervous system from an unprecedented depth. In conclusion, single-cell sequencing technology provides a powerful technology for the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ding
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yu-Yuan Peng
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Can Tang
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zai-Yun Long
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiu-Min Lu
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China.
| | - Yong-Tang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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13
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Shen S, Zhang Y, Yang K, Chan H, Li W, Li X, Tian C, Niu Y. Flow-Rate-Insensitive Plasma Extraction by the Stabilization and Acceleration of Secondary Flow in the Ultralow Aspect Ratio Spiral Channel. Anal Chem 2023; 95:18278-18286. [PMID: 38016025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Although microfluidic devices have made remarkable strides in blood cell separation, there is still a need for further development and improvement in this area. Herein, we present a novel ultralow aspect ratio (H/W = 1:36) spiral channel microfluidic device with ordered micro-obstacles for sheathless and flow-rate-insensitive blood cell separation. By introducing ordered micro-obstacles into the spiral microchannels, reduced magnitude fluctuations in secondary flow across different loops can be obtained through geometric confinement. As a result, the unique Dean-like secondary flow can effectively enhance the separation efficiency of particles in different sizes ranging from 3 to 15 μm. Compared to most existing microfluidic devices, our system offers several advantages of easy manufacturing, convenient operation, long-term stability, highly efficient performance (up to 99.70% rejection efficiency, including platelets), and most importantly, insensitivity to cell sizes as well as flow rates (allowing for efficient separation of different-sized blood cells in a wide flow rate from 1.00 to 2.50 mL/min). The unique characteristics, such as ultralow aspect ratio, sequential micro-obstacles, and controlled secondary flow, make our device a promising solution for practical plasma extraction in biomedical research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Shen
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Kai Yang
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Henryk Chan
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K
| | - Weiwen Li
- Department of Breast, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen 529000, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Breast, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen 529000, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chang Tian
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yanbing Niu
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
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Wang M, Wang M, Li W, Liu Y, Qiu F. Single-cell detection of DMSO promoted HL-60 differentiation toward granulocyte based on DC-iDEP for medicine screening. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2300073. [PMID: 37640006 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The most common form of leukemia in adults is acute leukemia. Drug differentiation control is an extremely critical treatment for acute leukemia. Unfortunately, current techniques detecting differentiation control experience long time and complex steps of verification hindering the pace of medicine discovery: flow cytometry and RT-PCR are highly accurate and efficient at a cost of inconvenient fluorescent labeling or a high risk of contamination; conventional staining leads to cell death unavailable for further pharmacological tests. There is a great interest in developing simple, fast, and non-invasive techniques to screen medicine. DC-iDEP is an emerging label-free identification technique taking advantage of the whole cell native biophysical property for sorting cell populations. Here, HL-60 cell line has been used as a model to study the differentiation process toward granulocytes and medicine efficacy. The results showed that DEP succeeded in detecting the DMSO promoted HL-60 differentiation degree by the weighted average characterization factor. This factor is related to the single cell biophysical property, which accumulates to generate differences in each population with distinct constitutions. Furthermore, cichoric acid was investigated to be capable of promoting DMSO-induced differentiation efficiently. Using the change induced by cichoric acid, the HL-60 medicine screening application has been first attempted based on DEP. A rapid, label-free medicine screening method has been established to monitor HL-60 differentiation toward granulocyte and has great potential for medicine screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yameng Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- College of Pharmaceutical, Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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15
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Hossein F, Angeli P. A review of acoustofluidic separation of bioparticles. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:2005-2025. [PMID: 38192342 PMCID: PMC10771489 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Acoustofluidics is an emerging interdisciplinary research field that involves the integration of acoustics and microfluidics to address challenges in various scientific areas. This technology has proven to be a powerful tool for separating biological targets from complex fluids due to its label-free, biocompatible, and contact-free nature. Considering a careful designing process and tuning the acoustic field particles can be separated with high yield. Recently the advancement of acoustofluidics led to the development of point-of-care devices for separations of micro particles which address many of the limitations of conventional separation tools. This review article discusses the working principles and different approaches of acoustofluidic separation and provides a synopsis of its traditional and emerging applications, including the theory and mechanism of acoustofluidic separation, blood component separation, cell washing, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, circulating tumor cell isolation, and exosome isolation. The technology offers great potential for solving clinical problems and advancing scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fria Hossein
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, WC1E 7JE, London, UK
| | - Panagiota Angeli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, WC1E 7JE, London, UK
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16
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Torres-Castro K, Acuña-Umaña K, Lesser-Rojas L, Reyes DR. Microfluidic Blood Separation: Key Technologies and Critical Figures of Merit. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:2117. [PMID: 38004974 PMCID: PMC10672873 DOI: 10.3390/mi14112117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Blood is a complex sample comprised mostly of plasma, red blood cells (RBCs), and other cells whose concentrations correlate to physiological or pathological health conditions. There are also many blood-circulating biomarkers, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and various pathogens, that can be used as measurands to diagnose certain diseases. Microfluidic devices are attractive analytical tools for separating blood components in point-of-care (POC) applications. These platforms have the potential advantage of, among other features, being compact and portable. These features can eventually be exploited in clinics and rapid tests performed in households and low-income scenarios. Microfluidic systems have the added benefit of only needing small volumes of blood drawn from patients (from nanoliters to milliliters) while integrating (within the devices) the steps required before detecting analytes. Hence, these systems will reduce the associated costs of purifying blood components of interest (e.g., specific groups of cells or blood biomarkers) for studying and quantifying collected blood fractions. The microfluidic blood separation field has grown since the 2000s, and important advances have been reported in the last few years. Nonetheless, real POC microfluidic blood separation platforms are still elusive. A widespread consensus on what key figures of merit should be reported to assess the quality and yield of these platforms has not been achieved. Knowing what parameters should be reported for microfluidic blood separations will help achieve that consensus and establish a clear road map to promote further commercialization of these devices and attain real POC applications. This review provides an overview of the separation techniques currently used to separate blood components for higher throughput separations (number of cells or particles per minute). We present a summary of the critical parameters that should be considered when designing such devices and the figures of merit that should be explicitly reported when presenting a device's separation capabilities. Ultimately, reporting the relevant figures of merit will benefit this growing community and help pave the road toward commercialization of these microfluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Torres-Castro
- Biophysical and Biomedical Measurements Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA;
- Theiss Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Katherine Acuña-Umaña
- Medical Devices Master’s Program, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica (ITCR), Cartago 30101, Costa Rica
| | - Leonardo Lesser-Rojas
- Research Center in Atomic, Nuclear and Molecular Sciences (CICANUM), San José 11501, Costa Rica;
- School of Physics, Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR), San José 11501, Costa Rica
| | - Darwin R. Reyes
- Biophysical and Biomedical Measurements Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA;
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17
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Shen S, Bai H, Wang X, Chan H, Niu Y, Li W, Tian C, Li X. High-Throughput Blood Plasma Extraction in a Dimension-Confined Double-Spiral Channel. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16649-16658. [PMID: 37917001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic technologies enabling the control of secondary flow are essential for the successful separation of blood cells, a process that is beneficial for a wide range of medical research and clinical diagnostics. Herein, we introduce a dimension-confined microfluidic device featuring a double-spiral channel designed to regulate secondary flows, thereby enabling high-throughput isolation of blood for plasma extraction. By integrating a sequence of micro-obstacles within the double-spiral microchannels, the stable and enhanced Dean-like secondary flow across each loop can be generated. This setup consequently prompts particles of varying diameters (3, 7, 10, and 15 μm) to form different focusing states. Crucially, this system is capable of effectively separating blood cells of different sizes with a cell throughput of (2.63-3.36) × 108 cells/min. The concentration of blood cells in outlet 2 increased 3-fold, from 1.46 × 108 to 4.37 × 108, while the number of cells, including platelets, exported from outlets 1 and 3 decreased by a factor of 608. The engineering approach manipulating secondary flow for plasma extraction points to simplicity in fabrication, ease of operation, insensitivity to cell size, high throughput, and separation efficiency, which has potential utility in propelling the development of miniaturized diagnostic devices in the field of biomedical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Shen
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Hanjie Bai
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Henryk Chan
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K
| | - Yanbing Niu
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Weiwen Li
- Department of Breast, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen 529000, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chang Tian
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Breast, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen 529000, Guangdong, P. R. China
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18
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Tang M, Feng J, Xia HF, Xu CM, Wu LL, Wu M, Hong SL, Chen G, Zhang ZL. Continuous magnetic separation microfluidic chip for tumor cell in vivo detection. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11955-11958. [PMID: 37727113 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04062c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Continuously recording the dynamic changes of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is crucial for tumor metastasis. This paper creates a continuous magnetic separation microfluidic chip that enables rapid and continuous in vivo cell detection. The chip shows its potential to study tumor cell circulation in the blood, offering a new platform for studying the cellular mechanism of tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Tang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Feng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Hou-Fu Xia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Chun-Miao Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Ling-Ling Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Min Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Shao-Li Hong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Gang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
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19
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Karimi A, Sattari-Najafabadi M. Numerical study of bacteria removal from microalgae solution using an asymmetric contraction-expansion microfluidic device: A parametric analysis approach. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20380. [PMID: 37780775 PMCID: PMC10539965 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae have been remarkably taken into account due to their wide applications in the biopharmaceutical, nutraceutical and bio-energy fields. However, contamination of microalgae with bacteria still appears to be a concern, adversely impacting products' quality and process efficiency. Microalgae decontamination with conventional techniques is usually expensive and time-consuming. Moreover, damage to microalgae cells is highly possible. Asymmetric contraction-expansion microchannels (Asym-CEMCs) are promising passive microfluidic devices that can overcome conventional techniques' drawbacks with their standing-out features. However, the flexibility of Asym-CEMCs performance arising from their various tunable geometrical parameters results in the fact that their performance for separating a target particle cannot be predicted without an investigation. In this work, for the first time, Asym-CEMCs were numerically studied for the removal of a very conventional bacteria, B. subtilis (1 μm), from one of the most popular microalgae, C. vulgaris (5.7 μm). The influences of the microchannel aspect ratio, length and width ratios of the expansion-to-contraction zones, and the total flow rate on the separation resolution and focusing width of the particles were investigated by a 3D numerical model. The aspect ratio had the strongest influence on the Asym-CEMC performance, however, the length ratio had no considerable effect on the results. A decrease in the aspect ratio augmented the shear-induced lift force and Dean drag force, leading to a significant separation resolution improvement. Microalgae decontamination was also enhanced by an increase in the total flow rate and expansion-to-contraction width ratio. Finally, a locally optimized Asym-CEMC with an aspect ratio of one and expansion-to-contraction width and length ratios of 4.7 and 2.07, respectively, was proposed, leading to complete microalgae decontamination with a high normalized separation resolution of 0.6. In a word, Asym-CEMCs with tailored dimensions are promising for successfully decontaminating microalgae from bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Karimi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 14588-89694, Iran
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20
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Chen X, Liu S, Shen M, Gao Z, Hu S, Zhao Y. Dielectrophoretic assembly and separation of particles and cells in continuous flow. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:4485-4493. [PMID: 37610139 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00666b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Dielectrophoretic (DEP) separation has been recognized as a practical tool in the separation of cells and particles for clinical diagnosis, the pharmaceutical industry and environmental monitoring. Assembly of particles and cells under DEP force is a common phenomenon and has an influence on their separation but has not been understood fully. Encouraged by these aspects, we developed a microfluidic device with a bipolar electrode array to investigate the assembly and separation of particles and cells at a large scale. First, we studied the assembly and evolution mechanisms of particles of one type under an AC electric field. Then, we investigated the interaction and assembly of multiple particles with dissimilar properties under DEP force. Depending on the development of microfluidic devices, we visualize the assembly process of yeast cells at the electrode rims and of polystyrene particles at the channel centers, and explore the influence of pearl chain formation on their separation. With increasing flow velocity from 288 to 720 μL h-1, the purity of 5 μm polystyrene particles surpasses 94.9%. Furthermore, we studied the DEP response of Scenedesmus sp. and C. vulgaris, and explored the influence of cell chains on the isolation of C. vulgaris. The purity of Scenedesmus sp. and C. vulgaris witnessed a decrease from 95.7% to 90.8% when the flow rate increased from 288 to 864 μL h-1. Finally, we investigated the extension of the electric field under chains of Oocystis sp. at the electrode rims by studying chain formation and capture of C. vulgaris, and studied its effect on cell chain length, recovered cell purity and cell concentration. When chains of Oocystis sp. were formed, the purity of C. vulgaris kept unchanged and the concentration decreased from 2793 cells per μL to 2039 cells per μL. This work demonstrates continuous DEP-based assembly and separation of particles and cells, which facilitates high-efficiency isolation of targeted cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Chen
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Shun Liu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Mo Shen
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
| | - Sheng Hu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
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21
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Wang W, Zheng Z, Lei J. CTC, ctDNA, and Exosome in Thyroid Cancers: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13767. [PMID: 37762070 PMCID: PMC10530859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer has become more common in recent years all around the world. Many issues still need to be urgently addressed in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of thyroid cancer. Liquid biopsy (mainly circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and circulating exosomes) may provide a novel and ideal approach to solve these issues, allows us to assess the features of diseases more comprehensively, and has a function in a variety of malignancies. Recently, liquid biopsy has been shown to be critical in thyroid cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in numerous previous studies. In this review, by testing CTCs, ctDNA, and exosomes, we focus on the possible clinical role of liquid biopsy in thyroid cancer, including diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and response to therapy. We briefly review how liquid biopsy components have progressed in thyroid cancer by consulting the existing public information. We also discuss the clinical potential of liquid biopsy in thyroid cancer and provide a reference for liquid biopsy research. Liquid biopsy has the potential to be a useful tool in the early detection, monitoring, or prediction of response to therapies and prognosis in thyroid cancer, with promising clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Wang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiyao Zheng
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jianyong Lei
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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22
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Akbari Z, Raoufi MA, Mirjalali S, Aghajanloo B. A review on inertial microfluidic fabrication methods. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:051504. [PMID: 37869745 PMCID: PMC10589053 DOI: 10.1063/5.0163970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been significant interest in inertial microfluidics due to its high throughput, ease of fabrication, and no need for external forces. The focusing efficiency of inertial microfluidic systems relies entirely on the geometrical features of microchannels because hydrodynamic forces (inertial lift forces and Dean drag forces) are the main driving forces in inertial microfluidic devices. In the past few years, novel microchannel structures have been propounded to improve particle manipulation efficiency. However, the fabrication of these unconventional structures has remained a serious challenge. Although researchers have pushed forward the frontiers of microfabrication technologies, the fabrication techniques employed for inertial microfluidics have not been discussed comprehensively. This review introduces the microfabrication approaches used for creating inertial microchannels, including photolithography, xurography, laser cutting, micromachining, microwire technique, etching, hot embossing, 3D printing, and injection molding. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods have also been discussed. Then, the techniques are reviewed regarding resolution, structures, cost, and materials. This review provides a thorough insight into the manufacturing methods of inertial microchannels, which could be helpful for future studies to improve the harvesting yield and resolution by choosing a proper fabrication technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Akbari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Sheyda Mirjalali
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Behrouz Aghajanloo
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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23
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Ebrahimi S, Alishiri M, Pishbin E, Afjoul H, Shamloo A. A curved expansion-contraction microfluidic structure for inertial based separation of circulating tumor cells from blood samples. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1705:464200. [PMID: 37429078 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The rare presence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the bloodstream has made their recording and separation one of the major challenges in the recent decade. Inertia-based microfluidic systems have received more attention in CTCs separation due to their feasibility and low cost. In this research, an inertial microfluidic system is proposed using a curved expansion-contraction array (CEA) microchannel to separate CTCs from white blood cells (WBCs). First, the optimal flow rate of the proposed microfluidic device was determined to maximize the separation efficiency of the target cells (CTCs) from the non-target ones (WBCs). Then, the efficiency and purity of the straight and curved-CEA microchannels were assessed. The experimental results indiated that the proposed system (curved-CEA microchannel) can offer the highest efficiency (-80.31%) and purity (-91.32%) at the flow rate of -7.5 ml/min, exhibiting ∼11.48% increment in the efficiency compared to its straight peer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Ebrahimi
- Nano-Bioengineering Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran 11365-11155, Iran; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-9161, Iran
| | - Mojgan Alishiri
- Nano-Bioengineering Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran 11365-11155, Iran
| | - Esmail Pishbin
- Nano-Bioengineering Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran 11365-11155, Iran; Bio-microfluidics lab, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Afjoul
- Nano-Bioengineering Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran 11365-11155, Iran; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-9161, Iran
| | - Amir Shamloo
- Nano-Bioengineering Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran 11365-11155, Iran; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-9161, Iran.
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24
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Chen X, Liu S, Hu XG, Liu T, Shen M, Peng Y, Hu S, Zhao Y. Enrichment and Selection of Particles through Parallel Induced-Charge Electro-osmotic Streaming for Detection of Low-Abundance Nanoparticles and Targeted Microalgae. Anal Chem 2023; 95:11714-11722. [PMID: 37486806 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of micro- and nanoscale objects is an essential procedure in many detection and sensing applications, including disease diagnosis and environmental monitoring. Induced-charge electro-osmotic (ICEO) vortices present excellent advantages in the enrichment and selection of micro/nanoscale particles for downstream detection due to gentle conditions and contactless operation, but the application of this method is currently constrained by the throughput. Double-layer charging at the ends of bipolar electrodes can maintain a continuous flow of electric current in the fluidically isolated channels, which provides a feasible method to manipulate particles using parallel ICEO vortices, promoting throughput of particle manipulation without compromising efficiency and overcoming the complicated ohmic contact of electrodes. Encouraged by these, we put forward a novel method with parallel ICEO vortices to manipulate micro/nanoscale samples for downstream detection. First, we study the extension regulation of the low-frequency electric field and mediating effect of the open BPEs on the extended electric field and characterize electric equilibrium states of microparticles and their voltage dependence. Afterward, we leverage this method to enrich nanoparticles for detection of low-abundance nanoparticles with about 20- and 40-fold fluorescence intensities by integrating with a simple fiber-optic sensor. Furthermore, this technique is engineered for the selection of targeted microalgae to continuously detect their proliferation behaviors by combining with a homemade electrical impedance spectroscopy device. This method can reinforce the throughput of ICEO vortices and enables it to integrate with simple and economical sensors to accomplish disease diagnosis and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Chen
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Shun Liu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Xu-Guang Hu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Tengteng Liu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Mo Shen
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Yun Peng
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Sheng Hu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
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25
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Karamikamkar S, Yalcintas EP, Haghniaz R, de Barros NR, Mecwan M, Nasiri R, Davoodi E, Nasrollahi F, Erdem A, Kang H, Lee J, Zhu Y, Ahadian S, Jucaud V, Maleki H, Dokmeci MR, Kim H, Khademhosseini A. Aerogel-Based Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications: From Fabrication Methods to Disease-Targeting Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204681. [PMID: 37217831 PMCID: PMC10427407 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Aerogel-based biomaterials are increasingly being considered for biomedical applications due to their unique properties such as high porosity, hierarchical porous network, and large specific pore surface area. Depending on the pore size of the aerogel, biological effects such as cell adhesion, fluid absorption, oxygen permeability, and metabolite exchange can be altered. Based on the diverse potential of aerogels in biomedical applications, this paper provides a comprehensive review of fabrication processes including sol-gel, aging, drying, and self-assembly along with the materials that can be used to form aerogels. In addition to the technology utilizing aerogel itself, it also provides insight into the applicability of aerogel based on additive manufacturing technology. To this end, how microfluidic-based technologies and 3D printing can be combined with aerogel-based materials for biomedical applications is discussed. Furthermore, previously reported examples of aerogels for regenerative medicine and biomedical applications are thoroughly reviewed. A wide range of applications with aerogels including wound healing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and diagnostics are demonstrated. Finally, the prospects for aerogel-based biomedical applications are presented. The understanding of the fabrication, modification, and applicability of aerogels through this study is expected to shed light on the biomedical utilization of aerogels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reihaneh Haghniaz
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
| | | | - Marvin Mecwan
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
| | - Rohollah Nasiri
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
| | - Elham Davoodi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics EngineeringUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooONN2L 3G1Canada
| | - Fatemeh Nasrollahi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los Angeles (UCLA)Los AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Ahmet Erdem
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringKocaeli UniversityUmuttepe CampusKocaeli41001Turkey
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea
| | - Junmin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
| | - Samad Ahadian
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
| | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
| | - Hajar Maleki
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstraße 650939CologneGermany
- Center for Molecular Medicine CologneCMMC Research CenterRobert‐Koch‐Str. 2150931CologneGermany
| | | | - Han‐Jun Kim
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
- College of PharmacyKorea UniversitySejong30019Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
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26
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Charan MR, Augustsson P. Acoustophoretic Characterization and Separation of Blood Cells in Acoustic Impedance Gradients. PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED 2023; 20:024066. [PMID: 38333566 PMCID: PMC7615610 DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.20.024066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell phenotyping based on biophysical properties is a promising tool to distinguish cell types and their response to a given condition, and charting such properties also enables optimization of cell separations. Isoacoustic focusing, where cells migrate to their points of zero acoustic contrast in an acoustic impedance gradient, added the effective acoustic impedance of cells to the directory of biophysical properties that can be utilized to categorize or separate cells. This study investigates isoacoustic focusing in a stop-flow regime and shows how cells migrate towards their isoacoustic point. We introduce a numerical model that we use to estimate the acoustic energy density in acoustic impedance gradient media by tracking particles of known properties, and we investigate the effect of acoustic streaming. From the measured trajectories of cells combined with fluorescence intensity images of the slowly diffusing gradient, we read out the effective acoustic impedance of neutrophils and K562 cancer cells. Finally, we propose suitable acoustic impedance gradients that lead to a high degree separation of neutrophils and K562 cells in a continuous-flow configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rezayati Charan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Ole Römers Väg 3, 22363 Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Augustsson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Ole Römers Väg 3, 22363 Lund, Sweden
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27
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Cha H, Dai Y, Hansen HHWB, Ouyang L, Chen X, Kang X, An H, Ta HT, Nguyen NT, Zhang J. Asymmetrical Obstacles Enable Unilateral Inertial Focusing and Separation in Sinusoidal Microchannel. CYBORG AND BIONIC SYSTEMS 2023; 4:0036. [PMID: 37342212 PMCID: PMC10278993 DOI: 10.34133/cbsystems.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inertial microfluidics uses the intrinsic fluid inertia in confined channels to manipulate the particles and cells in a simple, high-throughput, and precise manner. Inertial focusing in a straight channel results in several equilibrium positions within the cross sections. Introducing channel curvature and adjusting the cross-sectional aspect ratio and shape can modify inertial focusing positions and can reduce the number of equilibrium positions. In this work, we introduce an innovative way to adjust the inertial focusing and reduce equilibrium positions by embedding asymmetrical obstacle microstructures. We demonstrated that asymmetrical concave obstacles could break the symmetry of original inertial focusing positions, resulting in unilateral focusing. In addition, we characterized the influence of obstacle size and 3 asymmetrical obstacle patterns on unilateral inertial focusing. Finally, we applied differential unilateral focusing on the separation of 10- and 15-μm particles and isolation of brain cancer cells (U87MG) from white blood cells (WBCs), respectively. The results indicated an excellent cancer cell recovery of 96.4% and WBC rejection ratio of 98.81%. After single processing, the purity of the cancer cells was dramatically enhanced from 1.01% to 90.13%, with an 89.24-fold enrichment. We believe that embedding asymmetric concave micro-obstacles is a new strategy to achieve unilateral inertial focusing and separation in curved channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Cha
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Yuchen Dai
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Helena H. W. B. Hansen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Lingxi Ouyang
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Xiangxun Chen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Xiaoyue Kang
- School of Engineering, University of Tasmania, Churchill Avenue, Tasmania 7005, Australia
| | - Hongjie An
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Hang Thu Ta
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
- Bioscience Discipline, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Jun Zhang
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
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28
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Kumar T, Harish AV, Etcheverry S, Margulis W, Laurell F, Russom A. Lab-in-a-fiber-based integrated particle separation and counting. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:2286-2293. [PMID: 37070926 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01175a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
An all-fiber integrated device capable of separating and counting particles is presented. A sequence of silica fiber capillaries with various diameters and longitudinal cavities are used to fabricate the component for size-based elasto-inertial passive separation of particles followed by detection in an uninterrupted continuous flow. Experimentally, fluorescent particles of 1 μm and 10 μm sizes are mixed in a visco-elastic fluid and fed into the all-fiber separation component. The particles are sheathed by an elasticity enhancer (PEO - polyethylene oxide) to the side walls. Larger 10 μm particles migrate to the center of the silica capillary due to the combined inertial lift force and elastic force, while the smaller 1 μm particles are unaffected, and exit from a side capillary. A separation efficiency of 100% for the 10 μm and 97% for the 1 μm particles is achieved at a total flow rate of 50 μL min-1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time effective inertial-based separation has been demonstrated in circular cross-section microchannels. In the following step, the separated 10 μm particles are routed through another all-fiber component for counting and a counting throughput of ∼1400 particles per min is demonstrated. We anticipate the ability to combine high throughput separation and precise 3D control of particle position for ease of counting will aid in the development of advanced microflow cytometers capable of particle separation and quantification for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kumar
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for life laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden.
| | - A V Harish
- Laser Physics, Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Etcheverry
- Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - W Margulis
- Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F Laurell
- Laser Physics, Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Russom
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for life laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden.
- AIMES - Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Tian Y, Hu R, Du G, Xu N. Microfluidic Chips: Emerging Technologies for Adoptive Cell Immunotherapy. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:877. [PMID: 37421109 DOI: 10.3390/mi14040877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) is a personalized therapy that has shown great success in treating hematologic malignancies in clinic, and has also demonstrated potential applications for solid tumors. The process of ACT involves multiple steps, including the separation of desired cells from patient tissues, cell engineering by virus vector systems, and infusion back into patients after strict tests to guarantee the quality and safety of the products. ACT is an innovative medicine in development; however, the multi-step method is time-consuming and costly, and the preparation of the targeted adoptive cells remains a challenge. Microfluidic chips are a novel platform with the advantages of manipulating fluid in micro/nano scales, and have been developed for various biological research applications as well as ACT. The use of microfluidics to isolate, screen, and incubate cells in vitro has the advantages of high throughput, low cell damage, and fast amplification rates, which can greatly simplify ACT preparation steps and reduce costs. Moreover, the customizable microfluidic chips fit the personalized demands of ACT. In this mini-review, we describe the advantages and applications of microfluidic chips for cell sorting, cell screening, and cell culture in ACT compared to other existing methods. Finally, we discuss the challenges and potential outcomes of future microfluidics-related work in ACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishen Tian
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Guangshi Du
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Na Xu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
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30
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Keumarsi MM, Oskouei PF, Dezhkam R, Shamloo A, Vatandoust F, Amiri HA. Numerical study of a double-stair-shaped dielectrophoresis channel for continuous on-chip cell separation and lysis using finite element method. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1696:463960. [PMID: 37030128 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Prognostication of numerous chronic diseases are in need of identifying circulating tumor cells (CTCs), afterwards, separating and reviving contaminated samples are required. Conventional methods of separating blood cells, namely cytometry or magnetically activated cell sorting, in many cases lose their functionality, or efficiency under different conditions. Hence microfluidic methods of separation have been implemented. Herein, an innovative integrated double stair-shaped microchannel is designed and optimized, capable of 'separation', and 'chemical lysis' simultaneously in which the lysis reagent concentration can be controlled to tune the lysis intensity. The method of insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP), which is the main physics in this device, is utilized yielding maximum separation. Pivotal features of the applied voltage, the voltage difference, the angles and the number of stairs, and the width of the throat in the microchannel have been numerically explored in order to optimize the channel in terms of separation and the lysis buffer concentration. The overall state of optimum case for the voltage difference (ΔV) of 10 owns the following features: the number of stairs is 2, the angle of stairs is 110°, the width of throat is 140 μm, and the inlet voltages are 30 V and 40 V. Also, the overall state of optimum cases for delta possess the following features: the number of stairs is 2, the angle of stairs is 110°, the width of throat is 140 μm, and the inlet voltages are 30 V and 35 V.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pouria Feyzi Oskouei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasool Dezhkam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shamloo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farzad Vatandoust
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biomechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoseyn A Amiri
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biomechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran
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31
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Tottori N, Nisisako T. Tunable deterministic lateral displacement of particles flowing through thermo-responsive hydrogel micropillar arrays. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4994. [PMID: 36973401 PMCID: PMC10043002 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32233-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) is a promising technology that allows for the continuous and the size-based separation of suspended particles at a high resolution through periodically arrayed micropillars. In conventional DLD, the critical diameter (Dc), which determines the migration mode of a particle of a particular size, is fixed by the device geometry. Here, we propose a novel DLD that uses the pillars of a thermo-responsive hydrogel, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) to flexibly tune the Dc value. Upon heating and cooling, the PNIPAM pillars in the aqueous solution shrink and swell because of their hydrophobic-hydrophilic phase transitions as the temperature varies. Using the PNIPAM pillars confined in a poly(dimethylsiloxane) microchannel, we demonstrate continuous switching of particle (7-μm beads) trajectories (displacement or zigzag mode) by adjusting the Dc through temperature control of the device on a Peltier element. Further, we perform on/off operation of the particle separation (7-μm and 2-μm beads) by adjusting the Dc values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naotomo Tottori
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takasi Nisisako
- Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology (FIRST), Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R2-9, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.
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32
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Hettiarachchi S, Cha H, Ouyang L, Mudugamuwa A, An H, Kijanka G, Kashaninejad N, Nguyen NT, Zhang J. Recent microfluidic advances in submicron to nanoparticle manipulation and separation. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:982-1010. [PMID: 36367456 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00793b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation and separation of submicron and nanoparticles are indispensable in many chemical, biological, medical, and environmental applications. Conventional technologies such as ultracentrifugation, ultrafiltration, size exclusion chromatography, precipitation and immunoaffinity capture are limited by high cost, low resolution, low purity or the risk of damage to biological particles. Microfluidics can accurately control fluid flow in channels with dimensions of tens of micrometres. Rapid microfluidics advancement has enabled precise sorting and isolating of nanoparticles with better resolution and efficiency than conventional technologies. This paper comprehensively studies the latest progress in microfluidic technology for submicron and nanoparticle manipulation. We first summarise the principles of the traditional techniques for manipulating nanoparticles. Following the classification of microfluidic techniques as active, passive, and hybrid approaches, we elaborate on the physics, device design, working mechanism and applications of each technique. We also compare the merits and demerits of different microfluidic techniques and benchmark them with conventional technologies. Concurrently, we summarise seven standard post-separation detection techniques for nanoparticles. Finally, we discuss current challenges and future perspectives on microfluidic technology for nanoparticle manipulation and separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samith Hettiarachchi
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Haotian Cha
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Lingxi Ouyang
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | | | - Hongjie An
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Gregor Kijanka
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Navid Kashaninejad
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
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Recent Advances in Methods for Circulating Tumor Cell Detection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043902. [PMID: 36835311 PMCID: PMC9959336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are released from primary tumors and transported through the body via blood or lymphatic vessels before settling to form micrometastases under suitable conditions. Accordingly, several studies have identified CTCs as a negative prognostic factor for survival in many types of cancer. CTCs also reflect the current heterogeneity and genetic and biological state of tumors; so, their study can provide valuable insights into tumor progression, cell senescence, and cancer dormancy. Diverse methods with differing specificity, utility, costs, and sensitivity have been developed for isolating and characterizing CTCs. Additionally, novel techniques with the potential to overcome the limitations of existing ones are being developed. This primary literature review describes the current and emerging methods for enriching, detecting, isolating, and characterizing CTCs.
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Huang C, Han SI, Zhang H, Han A. Tutorial on Lateral Dielectrophoretic Manipulations in Microfluidic Systems. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2023; 17:21-32. [PMID: 37015136 PMCID: PMC10091972 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2022.3226675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic lab-on-a-chip systems can offer cost- and time-efficient biological assays by providing high-throughput analysis at very small volume scale. Among these extremely broad ranges of assays, accurate and specific cell and reagent control is considered one of the most important functions. Dielectrophoretic (DEP)-based manipulation technologies have been extensively developed for these purposes due to their label-free and high selectivity natures as well as due to their simple microstructures. Here, we provide a tutorial on how to develop DEP-based microfluidic systems, including a detailed walkthrough of dielectrophoresis theory, instruction on how to conduct simulation and calculation of electric field and generated DEP force, followed with guidance on microfabricating two forms of DEP microfluidic systems, namely lateral DEP and droplet DEP, and how best to conduct experiments in such systems. Finally, we summarize most recent DEP-based microfluidic technologies and applications, including systems for blood diagnoses, pathogenicity studies, in-droplet content manipulations, droplet manipulations and merging, to name a few. We conclude by suggesting possible future directions on how DEP-based technologies can be utilized to overcome current challenges and improve the current status in microfluidic lab-on-a-chip systems.
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Experimental Characterization of a Microfluidic Device Based on Passive Crossflow Filters for Blood Fractionation. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The separation of red blood cells (RBCs) from blood plasma and the analysis of individual RBCs are of great importance, as they provide valuable information regarding the health of their donor. Recent developments in microfluidics and microfabrication have contributed to the fabrication of microsystems with complex features to promote the separation and analysis of RBCs. In this work, the separation capacity of a multi-step crossflow microfluidic device was evaluated by using a blood analogue fluid made by Brij L4 micelles and human RBCs separated from whole blood, suspended in a solution with hematocrits (Ht) of 0.5 and 1%. All the samples collected at the outlets of the device were experimentally analyzed and compared. The absorbance spectrum was also measured for the prepared blood samples. The results indicate that the tested blood analogue fluid has exhibited a flow behavior similar to that of blood. In addition, the optical absorbance spectrophotometry revealed that it was possible to evaluate the separation efficiency of the microfluidic device, concluding that the concentration of cells was lower at the most lateral outside outlets of the microchannel due to the cumulative effect of the multiple cross-flow filters.
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Gharib G, Bütün İ, Muganlı Z, Kozalak G, Namlı İ, Sarraf SS, Ahmadi VE, Toyran E, van Wijnen AJ, Koşar A. Biomedical Applications of Microfluidic Devices: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12111023. [PMID: 36421141 PMCID: PMC9688231 DOI: 10.3390/bios12111023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Both passive and active microfluidic chips are used in many biomedical and chemical applications to support fluid mixing, particle manipulations, and signal detection. Passive microfluidic devices are geometry-dependent, and their uses are rather limited. Active microfluidic devices include sensors or detectors that transduce chemical, biological, and physical changes into electrical or optical signals. Also, they are transduction devices that detect biological and chemical changes in biomedical applications, and they are highly versatile microfluidic tools for disease diagnosis and organ modeling. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the significant advances that have been made in the development of microfluidics devices. We will discuss the function of microfluidic devices as micromixers or as sorters of cells and substances (e.g., microfiltration, flow or displacement, and trapping). Microfluidic devices are fabricated using a range of techniques, including molding, etching, three-dimensional printing, and nanofabrication. Their broad utility lies in the detection of diagnostic biomarkers and organ-on-chip approaches that permit disease modeling in cancer, as well as uses in neurological, cardiovascular, hepatic, and pulmonary diseases. Biosensor applications allow for point-of-care testing, using assays based on enzymes, nanozymes, antibodies, or nucleic acids (DNA or RNA). An anticipated development in the field includes the optimization of techniques for the fabrication of microfluidic devices using biocompatible materials. These developments will increase biomedical versatility, reduce diagnostic costs, and accelerate diagnosis time of microfluidics technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Gharib
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre (SUNUM), Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - İsmail Bütün
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Zülâl Muganlı
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Gül Kozalak
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - İlayda Namlı
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | | | | | - Erçil Toyran
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Ali Koşar
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre (SUNUM), Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces for Nano Diagnostics (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Çankaya, Ankara 06700, Turkey
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Recent advances of integrated microfluidic systems for fungal and bacterial analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wu Y, Advincula PA, Giraldo-Londoño O, Yu Y, Xie Y, Chen Z, Huang G, Tour JM, Lin J. Sustainable 3D Printing of Recyclable Biocomposite Empowered by Flash Graphene. ACS NANO 2022; 16:17326-17335. [PMID: 36173288 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sustainability of 3D printing can be reflected in three main aspects: deployment of renewable inks, recycling of printed products, and applications for energy- and materials- savings. In this work, we demonstrated sustainable vat-photopolymerization (VPP)-based 3D printing in a whole life-cycle process by developing a renewable ink made of soybean oil and natural polyphenols and recycling the ink for reprinting or converting printed biocomposite to flash graphene (FG) as reinforcing nanofillers in the biocomposite. We also realized its applications in fabricating lightweight, materials-saving 3D structures, acoustic metamaterials, and disposable microreactors for time-saving and efficiency-improving synthesis of metal-organic framework nanostructures. In addition to enhancing the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the biopolymers by 42% and 232% with only 0.6 wt % FG nanofillers, respectively, FG improved the printability of the ink in forming 3D tubular structures, which are usually very hard to be achieved in transparent resin. Success of this work will inspire further development for sustainability in 3D printing.
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Szymborski TR, Czaplicka M, Nowicka AB, Trzcińska-Danielewicz J, Girstun A, Kamińska A. Dielectrophoresis-Based SERS Sensors for the Detection of Cancer Cells in Microfluidic Chips. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:681. [PMID: 36140065 PMCID: PMC9496591 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The detection of freely circulating cancer cells (CTCs) is one of the greatest challenges of modern medical diagnostics. For several years, there has been increased attention on the use of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for the detection of CTCs. SERS is a non-destructive, accurate and precise technique, and the use of special SERS platforms even enables the amplification of weak signals from biological objects. In the current study, we demonstrate the unique arrangement of the SERS technique combined with the deposition of CTCs cells on the surface of the SERS platform via a dielectrophoretic effect. The appropriate frequencies of an alternating electric field and a selected shape of the electric field can result in the efficient deposition of CTCs on the SERS platform. The geometry of the microfluidic chip, the type of the cancer cells and the positive dielectrophoretic phenomenon resulted in the trapping of CTCs on the surface of the SERS platform. We presented results for two type of breast cancer cells, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, deposited from the 0.1 PBS solution. The limit of detection (LOD) is 20 cells/mL, which reflects the clinical potential and usefulness of the developed approach. We also provide a proof-of-concept for these CTCs deposited on the SERS platform from blood plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz R. Szymborski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Czaplicka
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ariadna B. Nowicka
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Trzcińska-Danielewicz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Girstun
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kamińska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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Rahmanian M, Sartipzadeh Hematabad O, Askari E, Shokati F, Bakhshi A, Moghadam S, Olfatbakhsh A, Al Sadat Hashemi E, Khorsand Ahmadi M, Morteza Naghib S, Sinha N, Tel J, Eslami Amirabadi H, den Toonder JMJ, Majidzadeh-A K. A micropillar array-based microfluidic chip for label-free separation of circulating tumor cells: The best micropillar geometry? J Adv Res 2022; 47:105-121. [PMID: 35964874 PMCID: PMC10173300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The information derived from the number and characteristics of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), is crucial to ensure appropriate cancer treatment monitoring. Currently, diverse microfluidic platforms have been developed for isolating CTCs from blood, but it remains a challenge to develop a low-cost, practical, and efficient strategy. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to isolate CTCs from the blood of cancer patients via introducing a new and efficient micropillar array-based microfluidic chip (MPA-Chip), as well as providing prognostic information and monitoring the treatment efficacy in cancer patients. METHODS We fabricated a microfluidic chip (MPA-Chip) containing arrays of micropillars with different geometries (lozenge, rectangle, circle, and triangle). We conducted numerical simulations to compare velocity and pressure profiles inside the micropillar arrays. Also, we experimentally evaluated the capture efficiency and purity of the geometries using breast and prostate cancer cell lines as well as a blood sample. Moreover, the device's performance was validated on 12 patients with breast cancer (BC) in different states. RESULTS The lozenge geometry was selected as the most effective and optimized micropillar design for CTCs isolation, providing high capture efficiency (>85 %), purity (>90 %), and viability (97 %). Furthermore, the lozenge MPA-chip was successfully validated by the detection of CTCs from 12 breast cancer (BC) patients, with non-metastatic (median number of 6 CTCs) and metastatic (median number of 25 CTCs) diseases, showing different prognoses. Also, increasing the chemotherapy period resulted in a decrease in the number of captured CTCs from 23 to 7 for the metastatic patient. The MPA-Chip size was only 0.25 cm2 and the throughput of a single chip was 0.5 ml/h, which can be increased by multiple MPA-Chips in parallel. CONCLUSION The lozenge MPA-Chip presented a novel micropillar geometry for on-chip CTC isolation, detection, and staining, and in the future, the possibilities can be extended to the culture of the CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Rahmanian
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Interdisciplinary Technologies Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Microsystems Research Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Omid Sartipzadeh Hematabad
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Interdisciplinary Technologies Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esfandyar Askari
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Interdisciplinary Technologies Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Shokati
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Interdisciplinary Technologies Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atin Bakhshi
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Interdisciplinary Technologies Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Moghadam
- Breast Diseases Group, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asiie Olfatbakhsh
- Breast Diseases Group, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmat Al Sadat Hashemi
- Breast Diseases Group, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khorsand Ahmadi
- Microsystems Research Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nidhi Sinha
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jurjen Tel
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Hossein Eslami Amirabadi
- Microsystems Research Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; AZAR Innovations, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap M J den Toonder
- Microsystems Research Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Keivan Majidzadeh-A
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Çağlayan Arslan Z, Demircan Yalçın Y, Külah H. Label-free enrichment of MCF7 breast cancer cells from leukocytes using continuous flow dielectrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:1531-1544. [PMID: 35318696 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) present in the bloodstream are strongly linked to the invasive behavior of cancer; therefore, their detection holds great significance for monitoring disease progression. Currently available CTC isolation tools are often based on tumor-specific antigen or cell size approaches. However, these techniques are limited due to the lack of a unique and universal marker for CTCs, and the overlapping size between CTCs and regular blood cells. Dielectrophoresis (DEP), governed by the intrinsic dielectric properties of the particles, is a promising marker-free, accurate, fast, and low-cost technique that enables the isolation of CTCs from blood cells. This study presents a continuous flow, antibody-free DEP-based microfluidic device to concentrate MCF7 breast cancer cells, a well-established CTC model, in the presence of leukocytes extracted from human blood samples. The enrichment strategy was determined according to the DEP responses of the corresponding cells, obtained in our previously reported DEP spectrum study. It was based on the positive-DEP integrated with hydrodynamic focusing under continuous flow. In the proposed device, the parylene microchannel with two inlets and outlets was built on top of rectangular and equally spaced isolated planar electrodes rotated certain degree relative to the main flow (13°). The recovery of MCF7 cells mixed with leukocytes was 74%-98% at a frequency of 1 MHz and a magnitude of 10-12 Vpp . Overall, the results revealed that the presented system successfully concentrates MCF7 cancer cells from leukocytes, ultimately verifying our DEP spectrum study, in which the enrichment frequency and separation strategy of the microfluidic system were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Çağlayan Arslan
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey.,METU MEMS Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yağmur Demircan Yalçın
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Haluk Külah
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey.,METU MEMS Center, Ankara, Turkey
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Szittner Z, Péter B, Kurunczi S, Székács I, Horváth R. Functional blood cell analysis by label-free biosensors and single-cell technologies. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 308:102727. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Geometry effect in multi-step crossflow microfluidic devices for red blood cells separation and deformability assessment. Biomed Microdevices 2022; 24:20. [PMID: 35670892 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-022-00616-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The efficient separation of blood components using microfluidic systems can help to improve the detection and diagnosis of several diseases, such as malaria and diabetes. Therefore, a novel multi-step microfluidic device, based on passive crossflow filters was developed. Three different designs were proposed, fabricated and tested in order to evaluate the most suitable geometry to perform, simultaneously, blood cells separation and cell deformability measurements. All the proposed geometries include a main channel and three sequential separation steps, all comprised of symmetrical crossflow filters, with multiple rows of pillars, to reduce the amount of red blood cells (RBCs) flowing to the outlets of the microfluidic device (MD). Sets of hyperbolic constrictions located at the outlets allow the assessment of cells deformability. Based on the proposed geometries, the three correspondent MD were evaluated and compared, by measuring the RBCs velocities, the cell-free layer (CFL) effect through the microchannels and by quantifying the amount of RBCs at the outlets. The results suggest that the proposed MD 3 configuration was the most effective one for the desired application, due to the formation of a wider CFL. As a result, a minor amount of RBCs flow through the hyperbolic contraction at the third separation level of the device. Nevertheless, for all the proposed geometries, the existence of three separation levels shows that it is possible to achieve a highly efficient cell separation. If needed, such microdevices have the potential for further improvements by increasing the number of separation levels, aiming the total separation of blood cells from plasma.
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Filippi M, Buchner T, Yasa O, Weirich S, Katzschmann RK. Microfluidic Tissue Engineering and Bio-Actuation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108427. [PMID: 35194852 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bio-hybrid technologies aim to replicate the unique capabilities of biological systems that could surpass advanced artificial technologies. Soft bio-hybrid robots consist of synthetic and living materials and have the potential to self-assemble, regenerate, work autonomously, and interact safely with other species and the environment. Cells require a sufficient exchange of nutrients and gases, which is guaranteed by convection and diffusive transport through liquid media. The functional development and long-term survival of biological tissues in vitro can be improved by dynamic flow culture, but only microfluidic flow control can develop tissue with fine structuring and regulation at the microscale. Full control of tissue growth at the microscale will eventually lead to functional macroscale constructs, which are needed as the biological component of soft bio-hybrid technologies. This review summarizes recent progress in microfluidic techniques to engineer biological tissues, focusing on the use of muscle cells for robotic bio-actuation. Moreover, the instances in which bio-actuation technologies greatly benefit from fusion with microfluidics are highlighted, which include: the microfabrication of matrices, biomimicry of cell microenvironments, tissue maturation, perfusion, and vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Filippi
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Buchner
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Oncay Yasa
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Weirich
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Robert K Katzschmann
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
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Ezenarro JJ, Mas J, Muñoz-Berbel X, Uria N. Advances in bacterial concentration methods and their integration in portable detection platforms: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1209:339079. [PMID: 35569858 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Early detection and identification of microbial contaminants is crucial in many sectors, including clinical diagnostics, food quality control and environmental monitoring. Biosensors have recently gained attention among other bacterial detection technologies due to their simplicity, rapid response, selectivity, and integration/miniaturization potential in portable microfluidic platforms. However, biosensors are limited to the analysis of small sample volumes, and pre-concentration steps are necessary to reach the low sensitivity levels of few bacteria per mL required in the analysis of real clinical, industrial or environmental samples. Many platforms already exist where bacterial detection and separation/accumulation systems are integrated in a single platform, but they have not been compiled and critically analysed. This review reports on most recent advances in bacterial concentration/detection platforms with emphasis on the concentration strategy. Systems based on five concentration strategies, i.e. centrifugation, filtration, magnetic separation, electric separation or acoustophoresis, are here presented and compared in terms of processed sample volume, concentration efficiency, concentration time, ability to work with different types of samples, and integration potential, among others. The critical evaluation presented in the review is envision to facilitate the development of future platforms for fast, sensitive and in situ bacterial detection in real sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josune J Ezenarro
- Departament de Genètica I de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Spain; Waterologies S.L, C/ Dinamarca, 3 (nave 9), Polígono Industrial Les Comes, 08700, Igualada, Spain; Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Jordi Mas
- Departament de Genètica I de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Spain
| | - Xavier Muñoz-Berbel
- Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Naroa Uria
- Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain; Arkyne Tehcnologies S.L (Bioo), Carrer de La Tecnologia, 17, 08840, Viladecans, Spain.
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Mixed Finite Element Formulation for Navier-Stokes Equations for Magnetic Effects on Biomagnetic Fluid in a Rectangular Channel. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15082865. [PMID: 35454557 PMCID: PMC9024547 DOI: 10.3390/ma15082865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The article presents the mixed finite element formulation for examining the biomagnetic fluid dynamics as governed by the Navier–Stokes equation, coupled with energy and magnetic expressions. Both ferrohydrodynamics and magnetohydrodynamics describe the additional magnetic effects. For model discretization, the Galerkin weighted residual method was performed. Departing from a good agreement with existing findings, a biomagnetic flow (blood) in a straight rectangular conduit was then simulated in the presence of a spatially changing magnetic distribution. By virtue of negligible spatial variation influence from the magnetic field, the effects of Lorentz force were not presently considered. It was further found that the model accurately exhibits the formation and distribution of vortices, temperature, and skin friction located adjacent to and remotely from the source of magnetic load following a rise in the magnetic intensity.
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Kavand H, Nasiri R, Herland A. Advanced Materials and Sensors for Microphysiological Systems: Focus on Electronic and Electrooptical Interfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107876. [PMID: 34913206 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Advanced in vitro cell culture systems or microphysiological systems (MPSs), including microfluidic organ-on-a-chip (OoC), are breakthrough technologies in biomedicine. These systems recapitulate features of human tissues outside of the body. They are increasingly being used to study the functionality of different organs for applications such as drug evolutions, disease modeling, and precision medicine. Currently, developers and endpoint users of these in vitro models promote how they can replace animal models or even be a better ethically neutral and humanized alternative to study pathology, physiology, and pharmacology. Although reported models show a remarkable physiological structure and function compared to the conventional 2D cell culture, they are almost exclusively based on standard passive polymers or glass with none or minimal real-time stimuli and readout capacity. The next technology leap in reproducing in vivo-like functionality and real-time monitoring of tissue function could be realized with advanced functional materials and devices. This review describes the currently reported electronic and optical advanced materials for sensing and stimulation of MPS models. In addition, an overview of multi-sensing for Body-on-Chip platforms is given. Finally, one gives the perspective on how advanced functional materials could be integrated into in vitro systems to precisely mimic human physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanie Kavand
- Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, Department of Intelligent Systems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas Väg 10 pl 5, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
| | - Rohollah Nasiri
- AIMES, Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Solnavägen 9/B8, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
| | - Anna Herland
- Division of Micro- and Nanosystems, Department of Intelligent Systems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas Väg 10 pl 5, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
- AIMES, Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Solnavägen 9/B8, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23a, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
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48
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Nasiri R, Shamloo A, Akbari J. Design of two Inertial-based microfluidic devices for cancer cell separation from Blood: A serpentine inertial device and an integrated inertial and magnetophoretic device. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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49
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Xu Y, Qi F, Mao H, Li S, Zhu Y, Gong J, Wang L, Malmstadt N, Chen Y. In-situ transfer vat photopolymerization for transparent microfluidic device fabrication. Nat Commun 2022; 13:918. [PMID: 35177598 PMCID: PMC8854570 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28579-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
While vat photopolymerization has many advantages over soft lithography in fabricating microfluidic devices, including efficiency and shape complexity, it has difficulty achieving well-controlled micrometer-sized (smaller than 100 μm) channels in the layer building direction. The considerable light penetration depth of transparent resin leads to over-curing that inevitably cures the residual resin inside flow channels, causing clogs. In this paper, a 3D printing process — in-situ transfer vat photopolymerization is reported to solve this critical over-curing issue in fabricating microfluidic devices. We demonstrate microchannels with high Z-resolution (within 10 μm level) and high accuracy (within 2 μm level) using a general method with no requirements on liquid resins such as reduced transparency nor leads to a reduced fabrication speed. Compared with all other vat photopolymerization-based techniques specialized for microfluidic channel fabrication, our universal approach is compatible with commonly used 405 nm light sources and commercial photocurable resins. The process has been verified by multifunctional devices, including 3D serpentine microfluidic channels, microfluidic valves, and particle sorting devices. This work solves a critical barrier in 3D printing microfluidic channels using the high-speed vat photopolymerization process and broadens the material options. It also significantly advances vat photopolymerization’s use in applications requiring small gaps with high accuracy in the Z-direction. Despite many advantages of vat photopolymerization in microfluidic device fabrication, well-controlled μm-sized (< 100 μm) channels in the layer building direction remains a challenge. Here, authors present a general high resolution and low-cost 3D printing process that can produce devices within the 10 μm scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Center for Advanced Manufacturing, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA.,Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Fangjie Qi
- Center for Advanced Manufacturing, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA.,Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Huachao Mao
- Center for Advanced Manufacturing, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA.,School of Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Songwei Li
- Center for Advanced Manufacturing, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA.,Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Yizhen Zhu
- Center for Advanced Manufacturing, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA.,Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Jingwen Gong
- Center for Advanced Manufacturing, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA.,Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Noah Malmstadt
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Yong Chen
- Center for Advanced Manufacturing, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA. .,Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA. .,Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
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50
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Xiang N, Ni Z. High-throughput concentration of rare malignant tumor cells from large-volume effusions by multistage inertial microfluidics. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:757-767. [PMID: 35050294 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00944c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
On-chip concentration of rare malignant tumor cells (MTCs) in malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) with a large volume is challenging. Previous microfluidic concentrators suffer from a low concentration factor (CF) and a limited processing throughput. This study describes a low-cost multiplexed microfluidic concentrator that can enable high-throughput (up to 16 mL min-1) and high CF (over 40-fold for single run) concentration of rare cells from large-volume biofluids (up to hundreds of milliliters). The multiplexed device was fabricated using inexpensive polymer-film materials using a quick non-clean-room process within 30 min. The multiplexing and flow distribution approaches applied in the device achieved high-throughput processing. By adopting serial cascading, an ultrahigh CF of approximately 1400 was achieved. Moreover, the microfluidic concentrator was successfully applied for the concentration and purification of rare MTCs within MPEs collected from patients with advanced metastatic lung and breast cancers. The provision of concentrated samples with low background cells could improve the sensitivity of cytology and thus reduce the time required for cytological examination. This novel concentrator offers the distinct advantages of a remarkable CF, high throughput, low device cost, and label-free processing and can therefore be readily integrated with other on-chip cell sorters to enhance the identification of MPEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
| | - Zhonghua Ni
- School of Mechanical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
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