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Li B, Zhang F, Li C, Cui X, Li S, Gao C, Cai X, Yang K, Gao Y, Zhao D, Zhang N. Insights into the effects of coating and single crystallization on the rate performance and cycle life of LiNi 0.9Mn 0.1O 2 cathode. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 672:776-786. [PMID: 38870768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Coating and single crystal are two common strategies for cobalt-free nickel-rich layered oxides to solve its poor rate performance and cycle stability. However, the action mechanism of different modification protocols to suppress the attenuation are unclear yet. Herein, the Li2MoO4 layer-coated polycrystalline LiNi0.9Mn0.1O2 (1.0 %-Mo + NM91) and single crystal LiNi0.9Mn0.1O2 (SC-NM91) are prepared to investigate this difference, respectively. By focusing on the interior of particles, the relationship between structure evolution and electrochemical behavior is systematically studied, and the intrinsic mechanism of coating/single-crystallization modifications on suppressing the attenuation is clarified. The results show that microcracks in LiNi0.9Mn0.1O2 (NM91) are the main culprit leading to the rate capability decay, and the coating can effectively prevent the radial diffusion of microcracks from the center to surface, inhibiting the generation of surface side reactions. Therefore, the coating has a more advantage in improving the rate performance at 5.0C, the discharge capacity of 1.0 %-Mo + NM91 (130.6 mAh/g) is 7.9 % higher than that of SC-NM91 (121.0 mAh/g). In contrast, the single-crystallization can effectively prevent the formation of intergranular cracks arising from the anisotropic stress in NM91, which causes the severe cycle degradation. Correspondingly, the grain boundary-free SC-NM91 shows superior cyclability. The capacity retention rate of SC-NM91 (80.8 %) at 0.2C after 100cycles is 6.3 % higher than that of 1.0 %-Mo + NM91 (74.5 %). This work concludes the effect difference of different modification methods on enhancing the electrochemical performance, which provides theoretical and technical guidance for the optimized and targeted modification design in the cobalt-free high nickel cathode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqiang Li
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Feilong Zhang
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Cathode Material for Lithium-ion Battery of Gansu Province, Baiyin 730900, PR China
| | - Chengyu Li
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Cui
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Shiyou Li
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Cathode Material for Lithium-ion Battery of Gansu Province, Baiyin 730900, PR China
| | - Cankun Gao
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Xingpeng Cai
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Kerong Yang
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Yue Gao
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Dongni Zhao
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Cathode Material for Lithium-ion Battery of Gansu Province, Baiyin 730900, PR China
| | - Ningshuang Zhang
- School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China; Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, PR China.
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Lu J, Xu C, Dose W, Dey S, Wang X, Wu Y, Li D, Ci L. Microstructures of layered Ni-rich cathodes for lithium-ion batteries. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:4707-4740. [PMID: 38536022 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00741c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Millions of electric vehicles (EVs) on the road are powered by lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) based on nickel-rich layered oxide (NRLO) cathodes, and they suffer from a limited driving range and safety concerns. Increasing the Ni content is a key way to boost the energy densities of LIBs and alleviate the EV range anxiety, which are, however, compromised by the rapid performance fading. One unique challenge lies in the worsening of the microstructural stability with a rising Ni-content in the cathode. In this review, we focus on the latest advances in the understanding of NLRO microstructures, particularly the microstructural degradation mechanisms, state-of-the-art stabilization strategies, and advanced characterization methods. We first elaborate on the fundamental mechanisms underlying the microstructural failures of NRLOs, including anisotropic lattice evolution, microcracking, and surface degradation, as a result of which other degradation processes, such as electrolyte decomposition and transition metal dissolution, can be severely aggravated. Afterwards, we discuss representative stabilization strategies, including the surface treatment and construction of radial concentration gradients in polycrystalline secondary particles, the fabrication of rod-shaped primary particles, and the development of single-crystal NRLO cathodes. We then introduce emerging microstructural characterization techniques, especially for identification of the particle orientation, dynamic changes, and elemental distributions in NRLO microstructures. Finally, we provide perspectives on the remaining challenges and opportunities for the development of stable NRLO cathodes for the zero-carbon future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Lu
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Chao Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wesley Dose
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Sunita Dey
- School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK
| | - Xihao Wang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Yehui Wu
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Deping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Lijie Ci
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Song J, Huang L, Yang G, Liu T, Liu S, Cong G, Huang Y, Liu Z, Gao X, Geng L. Regulating Grind-Induced Lattice Distortion for Nickel-Rich Cathodes by Annealing. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301400. [PMID: 38009762 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The commercialization of high-performance nickel-rich cathodes always awaits a cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and large-scale preparation method. Despite a grinding process normally adopted in the synthesis of the nickel-rich cathodes, lattice distortion, rough surface, and sharp edge transformation inevitably occurr in the resultant samples. In this work, an additional annealing process is proposed that aims at regulating lattice distortion as well as achieving round and smoother morphologies without any structural or elemental modifications. Such a structural enhancement is favored for improved lithium diffusion and electrochemical stability during cycling. Consequently, the annealed cathodes demonstrate a considerable enhancement in capacity retention, escalating from 68.7% to 91.9% after 100 cycles at 1 C. Additionally, the specific capacity is significantly increased from 64 to 142 mAh g-1 at 5 C when compared to the unannealed cathodes. This work offers a straightforward and effective approach for reinforcing the electrochemical properties of nickel-rich cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, BOX 433, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Lujun Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, BOX 433, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
- Stake Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Guobo Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, BOX 433, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Tiefeng Liu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Shaoshuai Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, BOX 433, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Cong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, BOX 433, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yating Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, BOX 433, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Zheyuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, BOX 433, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Lin Geng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, BOX 433, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
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Hu J, Wang H, Xiao B, Liu P, Huang T, Li Y, Ren X, Zhang Q, Liu J, Ouyang X, Sun X. Challenges and approaches of single-crystal Ni-rich layered cathodes in lithium batteries. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad252. [PMID: 37941734 PMCID: PMC10628913 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
High energy density and high safety are incompatible with each other in a lithium battery, which challenges today's energy storage and power applications. Ni-rich layered transition metal oxides (NMCs) have been identified as the primary cathode candidate for powering next-generation electric vehicles and have been extensively studied in the last two decades, leading to the fast growth of their market share, including both polycrystalline and single-crystal NMC cathodes. Single-crystal NMCs appear to be superior to polycrystalline NMCs, especially at low Ni content (≤60%). However, Ni-rich single-crystal NMC cathodes experience even faster capacity decay than polycrystalline NMC cathodes, rendering them unsuitable for practical application. Accordingly, this work will systematically review the attenuation mechanism of single-crystal NMCs and generate fresh insights into valuable research pathways. This perspective will provide a direction for the development of Ni-rich single-crystal NMC cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Hu
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Biwei Xiao
- GRINM (Guangdong) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, Foshan528051, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Yongliang Li
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Xiangzhong Ren
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Qianling Zhang
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Jianhong Liu
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Xiaoping Ouyang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan411105, China
| | - Xueliang Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, OntarioN6A 5B9, Canada
- Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo315020, China
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Zhang L, Huang J, Song M, Lu C, Wu W, Wu X. Single-Crystal Growth of P2-Type Layered Oxides with Increased Exposure of {010} Planes for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47037-47048. [PMID: 37769162 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
An increase in the size of single-crystal particles can effectively reduce the interfacial side reactions of layered oxides for sodium-ion batteries at high voltages but may result in sluggish Na+ transport. Herein, single-crystal Na0.66Ni0.26Zn0.07Mn0.67O2 with increased proportions of {010} planes is synthesized by adding low-cost NaCl as the molten salt. With the assistance of a NaCl molten salt, the median diameter (D50) of single-crystal Na0.66Ni0.26Zn0.07Mn0.67O2 increases to 10.46 μm relative to that of the comparison sample without NaCl (6.57 μm). Electrolyte decomposition on the surface of single-crystal Na0.66Ni0.26Zn0.07Mn0.67O2 is considerably suppressed, owing to a decrease in the specific surface area. Moreover, the increased exposure of {010} planes is favorable for improving the Na+ transport kinetics of single-crystal particles. Therefore, at 100 mA g-1, single-crystal Na0.66Ni0.26Zn0.07Mn0.67O2 exhibits a high-capacity retention of 96.6% after 100 cycles, which is considerably greater than that of the comparison sample (86.8%). Moreover, the rate performance of single-crystal Na0.66Ni0.26Zn0.07Mn0.67O2 (average discharge capacity of 81.2 mAh g-1) is superior to that of the comparison sample (average discharge capacity of 61.2 mAh g-1) at 2000 mA g-1. This work provides a new approach for promoting the single-crystal growth of layered oxides for highly stable interfaces at high voltages without compromising Na+ transport kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jieyou Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Miaoyan Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Chen Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Wenwei Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for High-value Utilization of Manganese Resources, Guangxi Normal University for Nationalities, Chongzuo 532200, China
| | - Xuehang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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You B, Wang Z, Chang Y, Yin W, Xu Z, Zeng Y, Yan G, Wang J. Multi-scale boron penetration toward stabilizing nickel-rich cathode. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 3:618-626. [PMID: 38933559 PMCID: PMC11197729 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel-rich layered oxides LiNi x Co y Mn1- x - y O2 (x ≥ 0.8) have been recognized as the preferred cathode materials to develop lithium-ion batteries with high energy density (>300 Wh kg-1). However, the poor cycling stability and rate capability stemming from intergranular cracks and sluggish kinetics hinder their commercialization. To address such issues, a multi-scale boron penetration strategy is designed and applied on the polycrystalline LiNi0.83Co0.11Mn0.06O2 particles that are pre-treated with pore construction. The lithium-ion conductive lithium borate in grain gaps functions as the grain binder that can bear the strain/stress from anisotropic contraction/expansion, and provides more pathways for lithium-ion diffusion. As a result, the intergranular cracks are ameliorated and the lithium-ion diffusion kinetics is improved. Moreover, the coating layer separates the sensitive cathode surface and electrolyte, helping to suppress the parasitic reactions and related gas evolution. In addition, the enhanced structural stability is acquired by strong B-O bonds with trace boron doping. As a result, the boron-modified sample with an optimized boron content of 0.5% (B5-NCM) exhibits a higher initial discharge capacity of 205.5 mAh g-1 at 0.1C (1C = 200 mA g-1) and improved capacity retention of 81.7% after 100 cycles at 1C. Furthermore, the rate performance is distinctly enhanced by high lithium-ion conductive LBO (175.6 mAh g-1 for B5-NCM and 154.6 mAh g-1 for B0-NCM at 5C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianzheng You
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhixing Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yijiao Chang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Energy Storage & Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Zhengwei Xu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yuexi Zeng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Guochun Yan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jiexi Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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You B, Sun J, Jing Y, Yan G, Guo H, Wang Z, Wang D, Peng W, Li Q, Wang J. A Fresh One-Step Spray Pyrolysis Approach to Prepare Nickel-Rich Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 36881818 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Ni-rich layered cathode material LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) with high specific capacity and acceptable rate performance is one of the key cathode materials for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries. Coprecipitation, the widely utilized method in the precursor synthesis of NCM811 materials, however, suffers long synthetic processes and challenges in uniform element distribution. The spray pyrolysis method is able to prepare oxide precursors in seconds where all transition-metal elements are well distributed, but the difficulty of lithium distribution will also arise when the lithium salts are added in the subsequent sintering process. Herein, a fresh one-step spray pyrolysis approach is proposed for preparing high-performance NCM811 cathode materials by synthesizing lithium-contained precursors in which all elements are well distributed at a molecular level. The precursors with folded morphology and exceptional uniformity are successfully obtained at a low pyrolysis temperature of 300 °C by an acetate system. Furthermore, the final products commendably inherit the folded morphology of the precursors and exhibit excellent cyclic retentions of 94.6% and 88.8% after 100 and 200 cycles at 1 C (1 C = 200 mA g-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianzheng You
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jiping Sun
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yu Jing
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Guochun Yan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Huajun Guo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zhixing Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Ding Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Wenjie Peng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Qihou Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jiexi Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
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Wang X, Yang L, Ahmad N, Ran L, Shao R, Yang W. Colloid Electrolyte with Changed Li + Solvation Structure for High-Power, Low-Temperature Lithium-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209140. [PMID: 36634272 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries currently suffer from low capacity and fast degradation under fast charging and/or low temperatures. In this work, a colloid liquid electrolyte (CLE) is designed, where the trace amount of lithium thiocarbonate (LTC) colloids in commercial carbonate electrolyte (1 m LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate) not only boosts up σLi+ but also improves the Li+ transfer kinetics at LiNi0.8 Co0.15 Al0.05 O2 (NCA) cathode/electrolyte interface. The competitive coordination of LTCs with anions and solvents facilitates the dissociation of lithium salts and Li+ decoupling, dramatically enhancing the σLi+ (15 to 4.5 mS cm-1 at 30 and -20 °C, respectively); meanwhile, the desolvation process is accelerated. It demonstrates that LTC colloids induce an ≈5 nm ultrathin Li2 CO3 -rich cathode electrolyte interface and infuse the grain boundary of NCA particles, enhancing interfacial Li+ transfer and inhibiting the particle cracks during cycling. Consequently, the Li||CLE||NCA battery delivers a maximum capacity of 135 mAh g-1 at a 10 C rate with 80% retention after 2000 cycles. Moreover, the fast-charging capability under a sub-zero environment is proved (122 mAh g-1 with 90% retention after 400 cycles at 2 C and -10 °C). This strategy for tailoring the interfacial charge transfer appears generalizable and can practically be extended to next-generation energy-storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Le Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Niaz Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Civilization, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Leguan Ran
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems and Institute of Convergence in Medicine and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Ruiwen Shao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems and Institute of Convergence in Medicine and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Wen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- 21C Innovation Laboratory, Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd. (21C LAB), Fujian, 352100, P. R. China
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Hu Z, Huang Q, Cai W, Zeng Z, Chen K, Sun Y, Kong Q, Feng W, Wang K, Wu Z, Song Y, Guo X. Research Progress on Enhancing the Performance of High Nickel Single Crystal Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Hu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu610106, P. R. China
| | - Qingke Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu610106, P. R. China
| | - Wenqin Cai
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu610106, P. R. China
| | - Zeng Zeng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu610106, P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu610106, P. R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu610106, P. R. China
| | - Qingquan Kong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu610106, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu610106, P. R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou515031, P. R. China
| | - Zhenguo Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, P. R. China
| | - Yang Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, P. R. China
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10
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Li L, Hu G, Cao Y, Gong D, Fu Q, Peng Z, Du K. Effect of grain size of single crystalline cathode material of LiNi0.65Co0.07Mn0.28O2 on its electrochemical performance. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Kaneda H, Furuichi Y, Ikezawa A, Arai H. Single-Crystal-like Durable LiNiO 2 Positive Electrode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:52766-52778. [PMID: 36383754 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt-free, nickel-rich positive electrode materials are attracting attention because of their high energy density and low cost, and the ultimate material is LiNiO2 (LNO). One of the issues of LNO is its poor cycling performance, which needs to be improved. Referring to a current study to show the improved stability of single-crystal-like high-nickelate materials, we fabricated single-crystal-like (SC-) LNO and the counterpart polycrystalline (PC-) LNO samples and examined their electrochemical properties. SC-LNO was nearly single-crystal-like, as proved by electron backscattering diffraction, and had more cation mixing than PC-LNO. Cycle tests under 2.5-4.2 V, a 2C rate, and 45 °C conditions showed that the capacity retention of SC-LNO after 500 cycles (63.5%) was significantly better than that of PC-LNO (36.1%) under the same conditions and even better than that of PC-LNO cycled between 2.5 and 4.15 V (50.7%) with the same initial capacity as SC-LNO. The derivative dQ/dV profile of PC-LNO became featureless during a long cycling time, suggesting the progress of cation mixing in PC-LNO, whereas that of SC-LNO was better maintained, in accordance with the serious particle cracking in PC-LNO and no particle cracking found in SC-LNO as the result of post-mortem analysis after 500 cycles. The electrode impedance increase of PC-LNO was considerably larger than that of SC-LNO, corresponding to the formation of rock-salt phases at the surface and the cracked interface of the PC-LNO and the formation of scattered spinel-like phases with a thick cathode electrolyte interphase at the surface of SC-LNO. Accordingly, SC-LNO is shown to be less degraded in both the bulk nature (stable dQ/dV profile and no cracking) and the surface characteristics (high rate capacity maintenance and less impedance increase), suggesting the importance of single-crystal-like particles as durable electrode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Kaneda
- Battery Research Laboratories. Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd., 17-3 Isoura-cho, Niihama, Ehime 792-0002, Japan
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
| | - Yuki Furuichi
- Battery Research Laboratories. Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd., 17-3 Isoura-cho, Niihama, Ehime 792-0002, Japan
| | - Atsunori Ikezawa
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
| | - Hajime Arai
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
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12
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Yan C, Shao Q, Yao Z, Gao M, Zhang C, Chen G, Sun Q, Sun W, Liu Y, Gao M, Pan H. Multifunctional Surface Construction for Long-Term Cycling Stability of Li-Rich Mn-Based Layered Oxide Cathode for Li-Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107910. [PMID: 35768284 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Li-rich Mn-based layered oxides (LMLOs) are promising cathode material candidate for the next-generation Li-ion batteries (LIBs) of high energy density. However, the fast capacity fading and voltage decay as well as low Coulombic efficiency caused by irreversible oxygen release and phase transition during the electrochemical process hinder their practical application. To solve these problems, in the present study, a multifunctional surface construction involving a coating layer, spinel-layered heterostructure, and rich-in oxygen vacancies is successfully conducted by a facile thermal reduction of the LMLO particles with potassium borohydride (KBH4 ) as the reducing agent. The multifunctional surface structure plays synergistic effects on suppressing the interface side reaction, reducing the dissolution of transition metal, increasing electron conductivity and lithium diffusion rate. As a result, electrochemical performances of the LMLO cathode are effectively enhanced. With optimization of the addition of KBH4 , the electrode delivers a reversible capacity of 280 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C, which maintains after 100 cycles. The capacity retention with respect to the initial capacity is as high as 98% at 1 C after 400 cycles. The present work provides insights into designing a highly effective functional surface structure of LMLO cathode materials for high-performance LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Qinong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhihao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Mingxi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinxiang University, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Gairong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinxiang University, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Qianwen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Wenping Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Mingxia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Hongge Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
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13
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Han Y, Lei Y, Ni J, Zhang Y, Geng Z, Ming P, Zhang C, Tian X, Shi JL, Guo YG, Xiao Q. Single-Crystalline Cathodes for Advanced Li-Ion Batteries: Progress and Challenges. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107048. [PMID: 35229459 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Single-crystalline cathodes are the most promising candidates for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Compared to their polycrystalline counterparts, single-crystalline cathodes have advantages over liquid-electrolyte-based LIBs in terms of cycle life, structural stability, thermal stability, safety, and storage but also have a potential application in solid-state LIBs. In this review, the development history and recent progress of single-crystalline cathodes are reviewed, focusing on properties, synthesis, challenges, solutions, and characterization. Synthesis of single-crystalline cathodes usually involves preparing precursors and subsequent calcination, which are summarized in the details. In the following sections, the development issues of single-crystalline cathodes, including kinetic limitations, interfacial side reactions, safety issues, reversible planar gliding and micro-cracking, and particle size distribution and agglomeration, are systematically analyzed, followed by current solutions and characterization techniques. Finally, this review is concluded with proposed research thrusts for the future development of single-crystalline cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Han
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Yike Lei
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Jie Ni
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Yingchuan Zhang
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Geng
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Pingwen Ming
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Cunman Zhang
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Xiaorui Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Lei Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Guo Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qiangfeng Xiao
- School of Automotive Studies & Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao'an Road, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
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14
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Wu C, Li H, Cao S, Li Z, Zeng P, Chen J, Zhu X, Guo X, Chen G, Chang B, Shen Y, Wang X. Boosting performance of Co-free Li-rich cathode material through regulating the anionic activity by means of the strong TaO bonding. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 628:1031-1040. [PMID: 36049279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Benefiting from the extra contribution of O redox, Co-free Li-rich layered oxides (LRNMO) can satisfy the requirement of high specific capacities. However, during the high-voltage charging process, lattice oxygen being oxidized to O- or O2 leads to a gradual transition of the structure from layered to spinel phase, capacity and voltage decline, hindering the practical application of LRNMO in the lithium-ion battery. Here, a surface modification strategy of Li1.2Ni0.32Mn0.48O2-δ doped with Ta5+ ions is proposed, in which the Ta5+ ions occupy the lithium sites of the lattice structure on the surface layer of LRNMO and form a Ta2O5 coating layer. The modified electrode exhibits excellent rate performance and cycling stability, with 94.9% and 85.5% capacity retention rate and voltage retention rate, respectively, after 200 cycles at 1C. Moreover, the initial coulomb efficiency and ionic conductivity of the modified electrode are also apparently enhanced. Simultaneously, the decreased Li/Ni mixing degree of the modified electrode reflects the improvement of the structural stability. Therefore, the modification strategy through strong metal-oxygen bonding to integrate the surface structure to regulate the oxygen activity provides a new direction for the design of high energy density Co-free Li-rich cathode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Heng Li
- National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Shuang Cao
- National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Zhi Li
- National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Peng Zeng
- National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Jiarui Chen
- National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Xitong Zhu
- National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Xiaowei Guo
- School of Chemistry & Material Engineering, Xinxiang College, Henan 453003, China
| | - Gairong Chen
- School of Chemistry & Material Engineering, Xinxiang College, Henan 453003, China
| | - Baobao Chang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold of Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yongqiang Shen
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, China
| | - Xianyou Wang
- National Base for International Science & Technology Cooperation, National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage Battery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage & Conversion, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China.
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15
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Liu L, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Jiang G, Gong R, Li Y, Meng Q, Dong P. Surface Growth and Intergranular Separation of Polycrystalline Particles for Regeneration of Stable Single-Crystal Cathode Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:29886-29895. [PMID: 35748665 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The direct regeneration technology has been developed because of its short-range, high efficiency, and green characteristics. However, the existing direct regeneration method is hardly applied in collaborative reconstruction of the damaged crystal and particle of spent polycrystalline layered materials. The single-crystal regeneration with restructuring the morphology and crystal structure was herein achieved for the first time by low-temperature lithium supplementation followed with high-temperature molten salt conversion, which could effectively solve the structural defects of spent polycrystalline layered materials. We found that the realization of single-crystal regeneration with the molten salt process is attributable to that the original crystal growth of primary particles in the polycrystal transfer to the subsequent division along the grain boundary. At the test conditions of 25 °C and 2.8-4.3 V, the capacity retention capacity of the regenerated single-crystal materials reach 83.3% after 200 cycles at 1 C, which is much higher than 20.0% for conventional direct lithiation regeneration and 61.6% for low-temperature molten salt regeneration. Interestingly, the regenerated single-crystal NCM622 in the graphite full-cell test displays a capacity retention rate of 85.24% after 800 cycles at a rate of 1 C at 2.5-4.35 V. This work opens up a new way for the direct regeneration of spent polycrystalline layered cathode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Guanghui Jiang
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Yong Li
- Sino-Platinum Metals Resources (Yimen) Co. Ltd., Yuxi 651100, Yunnan, China
| | - Qi Meng
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Peng Dong
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
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16
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He W, Zhuang Y, Mei J, Guo W, Chen F, Chang Z, Fan M, Liu C, Wang L, Liu P, Zhu ZZ, Xie Q, Peng DL. In Situ Induced Lattice-Matched Interfacial Oxygen-Passivation-Layer Endowing Li-Rich and Mn-Based Cathodes with Ultralong Life. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200942. [PMID: 35760758 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The high capacity of Li-rich and Mn-based (LRM) cathode materials is originally due to the unique hybrid anion- and cation redox, which also induces detrimental oxygen escape. Furthermore, the counter diffusion of released oxygen (into electrolyte) and induced oxygen vacancies (into the interior bulk phase) that occurs at the interface will cause uncontrolled phase collapse and other issues. Therefore, due to its higher working voltage (>4.7 V) than the activation voltage of lattice oxygen in LRM (≈4.5 V), the anion-redox-free and structurally consistent cobalt-free LiNi0.5 Mn1.5 O4 (LNMO) is selected to in situ construct a robust, crystal-dense and lattice-matched oxygen-passivation-layer (OPL) on the surface of LRM particles by the electrochemical delithiation to protect the core layered components. As expected, the modified sample displays continuously decreasing interfacial impedance and high specific capacity of 135.5 mAh g-1 with a very small voltage decay of 0.67 mV per cycle after 1000 cycles at 2 C rate. Moreover, the stress accumulation during cycling is mitigated effectively. This semicoherent OPL strengthens the surface stability and interrupts the counter diffusion of oxygen and oxygen vacancies in LRM cathode materials, which would provide guidance for designing high-energy-density layered cathode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Zhuang
- State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Jie Mei
- State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Weibin Guo
- State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zhanying Chang
- State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Mengjian Fan
- State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Laisen Wang
- State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application, Henan Academy of Big Data, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Zhong Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Qingshui Xie
- State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Liang Peng
- State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
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17
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Spinel LiMn2O4 Cathode Materials in Wide Voltage Window: Single-Crystalline versus Polycrystalline. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12030317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Single-crystal (SC) layered oxides as cathodes for Li-ion batteries have demonstrated better cycle stability than their polycrystalline (PC) counterparts due to the restrained intergranular cracking formation. However, there are rare reports on comparisons between single-crystal LiMn2O4 (SC-LMO) and polycrystalline LiMn2O4 (PC-LMO) spinel cathodes for Li-ion storage. In this work, the Li-ion storage properties of spinel LiMn2O4 single-crystalline and polycrystalline with similar particle sizes were investigated in a wide voltage window of 2–4.8 V vs. Li/Li+. The SC-LMO cathode exhibited a specific discharge capacity of 178 mA·h·g−1, which was a bit larger than that of the PC-LMO cathode. This is mainly because the SC-LMO cathode showed much higher specific capacity in the 3 V region (Li-ion storage at octahedral sites with cubic to tetragonal phase transition) than the PC-LMO cathode. However, unlike layered-oxide cathodes, the PC-LMO cathode displayed better cycle stability than the SC-LMO cathode. Our studies for the first time demonstrate that the phase transition-induced Mn(II) ion dissolution in the 3 V region rather than cracking formation is the limiting factor for the cycle performance of spinel LiMn2O4 in the wide voltage window.
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18
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Khan MI, Zubair M, Bibi N, Aziz F, Mateen A, Ali H, Ahmad P, Khan Y, Tufail MK, Hassan A. Effect of Magnesium Doping on Voltage Decay of Nickel‐Rich Cathode Materials. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad I. Khan
- Department of Physics Abbottabad University of Science and Technology Havelian Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Physics Abbottabad University of Science and Technology Havelian Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Nadia Bibi
- Department of Physics Abbottabad University of Science and Technology Havelian Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Fiza Aziz
- Department of Physics Abbottabad University of Science and Technology Havelian Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Abdul Mateen
- Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing China
| | - Hazrat Ali
- Department of Physics Abbottabad University of Science and Technology Havelian Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Pervaiz Ahmad
- Department of Physics University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir 13100 Muzaffarabad Pakistan
| | - Yaqoob Khan
- National Centre for Physics Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad K. Tufail
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Ali Hassan
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province & Ministry of Education College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
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19
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Mei J, Liao T, Sun Z. Crystal Channel Engineering for Rapid Ion Transport: From Nature to Batteries. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103938. [PMID: 34881478 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ion transport behaviours through cell membranes are commonly identified in biological systems, which are crucial for sustaining life for organisms. Similarly, ion transport is significant for electrochemical ion storage in rechargeable batteries, which has attracted much attention in recent years. Rapid ion transport can be well achieved by crystal channels engineering, such as creating pores or tailoring interlayer spacing down to the nanometre or even sub-nanometre scale. Furthermore, some functional channels, such as ion selective channels and stimulus-responsive channels, are developed for smart ion storage applications. In this review, the typical ion transport phenomena in the biological systems, including ion channels and pumps, are first introduced, and then ion transport mechanisms in solid and liquid crystals are comprehensively reviewed, particularly for the widely studied porous inorganic/organic hybrid crystals and ultrathin inorganic materials. Subsequently, recent progress on the ion transport properties in electrodes and electrolytes is reviewed for rechargeable batteries. Finally, current challenges in the ion transport behaviours in rechargeable batteries are analysed and some potential research approaches, such as bioinspired ultrafast ion transport structures and membranes, are proposed for future studies. It is expected that this review can give a comprehensive understanding on the ion transport mechanisms within crystals and provide some novel design concepts on promoting electrochemical ion storage capability in rechargeable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Mei
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.,Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Ting Liao
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.,School of Mechanical Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Ziqi Sun
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.,Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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20
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Zhu H, Tang Y, Wiaderek KM, Borkiewicz OJ, Ren Y, Zhang J, Ren J, Fan L, Li CC, Li D, Wang XL, Liu Q. Spontaneous Strain Buffer Enables Superior Cycling Stability in Single-Crystal Nickel-Rich NCM Cathode. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:9997-10005. [PMID: 34813330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The capacity degredation in layered Ni-rich LiNixCoyMnzO2 (x ≥ 0.8) cathode largely originated from drastic surface reactions and intergranular cracks in polycrystalline particles. Herein, we report a highly stable single-crystal LiNi0.83Co0.12Mn0.05O2 cathode material, which can deliver a high specific capacity (∼209 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C, 2.8-4.3 V) and meanwhile display excellent cycling stability (>96% retention for 100 cycles and >93% for 200 cycles). By a combination of in situ X-ray diffraction and in situ pair distribution function analysis, an intermediate monoclinic distortion and irregular H3 stack are revealed in the single crystals upon charging-discharging processes. These structural changes might be driven by unique Li-intercalation kinetics in single crystals, which enables an additional strain buffer to reduce the cracks and thereby ensure the high cycling stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhu
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Kamila M Wiaderek
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P.R. China
| | - Olaf J Borkiewicz
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P.R. China
| | - Yang Ren
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
- Center for Neutron Scattering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Jincan Ren
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Longlong Fan
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Chao Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Danfeng Li
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Xun-Li Wang
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
- Center for Neutron Scattering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, P.R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
- Center for Neutron Scattering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, P.R. China
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21
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Luo L, Wang D, Zhou Z, Dong P, Yang S, Duan J, Zhang Y. Engineering a Robust Interface on Ni-Rich Cathodes via a Novel Dry Doping Process toward Advanced High-Voltage Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:45068-45076. [PMID: 34510893 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ni-rich layered oxides have become the main force of cathode materials for EV cells with high energy density owing to their satisfactory theoretical capacity, cost-effectiveness, and low toxicity. However, the high-voltage stability of Ni-rich cathode materials still has not fulfilled the demand of power batteries due to their intrinsic structural and electrochemical instability. The commonly used modification procedures are achieved via a wet process, which may lead to surface lithium-ion deficiency, phase change, and high costs during manufacturing. Herein, we construct a multifunctional Ti-based interfacial architecture on the surface of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM) cathode materials via a novel dry interface modifying process in which no solvent is employed. The Ti-based interfacial architecture accelerates the transportation of lithium ions and consequently stabilizes the interfacial structure. This approach significantly improves the cycling stability in half cells, with a 15% increase in capacity retention over 100 cycles at 1 C under a high voltage of 4.5 V. Impressively, few internal cracks are observed in a modified sample after 500 times of charge and discharge between 2.75 and 4.35 V at 1 C rate, and the capacity retention can reach 93%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Luo
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Lianhua Campus, Xuefu Road, Kunming 650093, China
- BTR New Material Group Co., Limited, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ding Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Lianhua Campus, Xuefu Road, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Zhongren Zhou
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Lianhua Campus, Xuefu Road, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Peng Dong
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Lianhua Campus, Xuefu Road, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Shunyi Yang
- BTR New Material Group Co., Limited, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jianguo Duan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Lianhua Campus, Xuefu Road, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Lianhua Campus, Xuefu Road, Kunming 650093, China
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22
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You B, Wang Z, Shen F, Chang Y, Peng W, Li X, Guo H, Hu Q, Deng C, Yang S, Yan G, Wang J. Research Progress of Single-Crystal Nickel-Rich Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100234. [PMID: 34927876 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Single-crystal nickel-rich cathode materials (SC-NRCMs) are the most promising candidates for next-generation power batteries which enable longer driving range and reliable safety. In this review, the outstanding advantages of SC-NRCMs are discussed systematically in aspects of structural and thermal stabilities. Particularly, the intergranular-crack-free morphology exhibits superior cycling performance and negligible parasitic reactions even under severe conditions. Besides, various synthetic methods are summarized and the relation between precursor, sintering process, and final single-crystal products are revealed, providing a full view of synthetic methods. Then, challenges of SC-NRCMs in fields of kinetics of lithium diffusion and the one particularly occurred at high voltage (intragranular cracks and aggravated parasitic reactions) are discussed. The corresponding mechanism and modifications are also referred. Through this review, it is aimed to highlight the magical morphology of SC-NRCMs for application perspective and provide a reference for following researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianzheng You
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zhixing Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Fang Shen
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yijiao Chang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Peng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xinhai Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Huajun Guo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Qiyang Hu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Chengwei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power Sources, Shanghai, 200245, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Yang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Guochun Yan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jiexi Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
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23
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Micron-Sized Monodisperse Particle LiNi 0.6Co 0.2Mn 0.2O 2 Derived by Oxalate Solvothermal Process Combined with Calcination as Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14102576. [PMID: 34063493 PMCID: PMC8155954 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ni-rich cathode LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 (NCM, x ≥ 0.5) materials are promising cathodes for lithium-ion batteries due to their high energy density and low cost. However, several issues, such as their complex preparation and electrochemical instability have hindered their commercial application. Herein, a simple solvothermal method combined with calcination was employed to synthesize LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 with micron-sized monodisperse particles, and the influence of the sintering temperature on the structures, morphologies, and electrochemical properties was investigated. The material sintered at 800 °C formed micron-sized particles with monodisperse characteristics, and a well-order layered structure. When charged–discharged in the voltage range of 2.8–4.3 V, it delivered an initial discharge capacity of 175.5 mAh g−1 with a Coulombic efficiency of 80.3% at 0.1 C, and a superior discharge capacity of 135.4 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of 84.4% after 100 cycles at 1 C. The reliable electrochemical performance is probably attributable to the micron-sized monodisperse particles, which ensured stable crystal structure and fewer side reactions. This work is expected to provide a facile approach to preparing monodisperse particles of different scales, and improve the performance of Ni-rich NCM or other cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
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