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YANO R, MORIYAMA T, FUJIMORI M, NISHIDA T, HANADA M, FUKUMA N. Effects of concentrate levels on intestinal fermentation and the microbial profile in Japanese draft horses. J Equine Sci 2023; 34:101-109. [PMID: 38274554 PMCID: PMC10806360 DOI: 10.1294/jes.34.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In racehorses, feeding a high-concentrate diet could cause abnormal fermentation in the hindgut. This feeding management regime is not suitable for the nutritional physiology of horses. However, studies on the hindgut environment have yet to be reported in Japanese draft horses, so feeding management needs to be investigated in these horses. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a high-concentrate diet on hindgut fermentation in Japanese draft horses. Feces were collected from 20 male Japanese draft horses managed by two stables with different feeding designs (65% weight ratio of concentrate feed, HC; 50% weight ratio of concentrate, MC), and fecal metabolic characteristics and the microbiome were analyzed. Higher lactate concentrations and lower fecal pH levels were observed in the HC group (P=0.0011, P=0.0192, respectively). Fecal microbiome analysis revealed a decrease in microbial diversity (P=0.0360) and an increase in the relative abundance of Streptococcus lutetiensis/equinus/infantarius (P=0.0011) in the HC group. On the other hand, fibrolytic bacteria in the MC group had similarities with Clostridium sacchalolyticum and Ruminococcus albus. This study revealed that overfeeding of concentrates induced abnormal fermentation in the hindgut of Japanese draft horses. This suggests that the establishment of a feeding design based on not only the chemical compositions of feeds but also microbial dynamics is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rintaro YANO
- Graduate School of Animal Husbandry, Obihiro
University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555,
Japan
| | - Tomoe MORIYAMA
- Veterinary Medical Center, Obihiro University of
Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Miho FUJIMORI
- Graduate School of Animal Husbandry, Obihiro
University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555,
Japan
| | - Takehiro NISHIDA
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro
University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555,
Japan
| | - Masaaki HANADA
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro
University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555,
Japan
| | - Naoki FUKUMA
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro
University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555,
Japan
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro
University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555,
Japan
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Unlocking the Potential of High-Amylose Starch for Gut Health: Not All Function the Same. FERMENTATION 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
High-amylose starch has unique functional properties and nutritional values in food applications. This type of starch is generally resistant to enzymatic digestion in the gastrointestinal tract, and contains an increased fraction of resistant starch (RS), which is a type of dietary fiber. The digestion and fermentation of high-amylose starch in the gut are of current research interest, as the processes are related to its nutritional functionality. This review summarizes recent in vitro and in vivo studies on the digestion and fermentation of high-amylose starches from different botanical sources and those that have been obtained by modifications. The RS content and fermentation properties are compared among high-amylose starches. This review aims to provide a current understanding of the relationship between high-amylose starch structures and fermentation-related nutritional properties. The results of these studies suggest that both modifications and food processing of high-amylose starch result in distinct fermentation products and nutritional properties. The review provides insight into the potential future applications of diverse high-amylose starches as bioactive compounds to modulate colonic fermentation.
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Nagata R, Morioka M, Fukuma N, Hayashi K, Iwami A, Han KH, Fukushima M. In vitro colonic fermentation characteristics of barley-koji differ from those of barley. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:1286-1294. [PMID: 35767865 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Barley-koji is prepared by inoculating barley, a beneficial prebiotic source, with the fungi Aspergillus luchuensis mut. kawachii. In this study, the prebiotic effects of barley-koji on human colonic microbiota were evaluated in vitro compared with barley, using pig feces. The enzyme-resistant fraction of following sample groups each were added to respective fermenters: cellulose, barley (Commander and β104), and barley-koji (Commander-koji and β104-koji). Short-chain fatty acid and ammonia-nitrogen production increased and decreased, respectively, in barley-koji and barley groups. Furthermore, the propionate concentration increased in the barley group, showing a positive correlation with the abundance of the genus Dialister. In the barley-koji group, however, acetate and n-butyrate concentrations increased during the early stages of incubation, and the relative abundance of the genus Megasphaera was higher than those of the other genera. Therefore, this study demonstrated that barley-koji might possess beneficial physiological properties for colonic fermentation, which differ from those of barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Nagata
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Japan, 080-8555
| | - Minami Morioka
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Japan, 080-8555
| | - Naoki Fukuma
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Japan, 080-8555.,Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Japan, 080-8555
| | - Kei Hayashi
- Sanwa Shurui Co., Ltd., Yamamoto 2231-1, Usa, Oita, Japan, 879-0495
| | - Akihiko Iwami
- Sanwa Shurui Co., Ltd., Yamamoto 2231-1, Usa, Oita, Japan, 879-0495
| | - Kyu-Ho Han
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Japan, 080-8555.,Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Japan, 080-8555
| | - Michihiro Fukushima
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Japan, 080-8555
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Nagata R, Sato S, Kilua A, Fukuma N, Nakayama Y, Kitazono E, Aoyama T, Han KH, Fukushima M. Combined effects of BARLEYmax and cocoa polyphenols on colonic microbiota and bacterial metabolites in vitro. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:1417-1425. [PMID: 34790425 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-00959-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BARLEYmax, a barley variety, and cocoa polyphenols (CPPs) have been reported to affect bacterial metabolites in the colon. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of BARLEYmax and CPPs supplementation on fecal microbiota in vitro using pig feces for 48 h. The relative abundances of the family Clostridiaceae and the genus Clostridium and ammonia-nitrogen production were decreased by both BARLEYmax and CPP supplementation, and there was a positive correlation between their abundances and the ammonia-nitrogen concentration. Although acetate and n-butyrate production was decreased by CPP supplementation, their concentrations were maintained at a higher level in the BARLEYmax + CPP group than in the cellulose (control) and cellulose + CPP groups. Therefore, this study demonstrated that a combination of BARLEYmax and CPPs may be beneficial in maintaining higher short-chain fatty acid production and the elimination of potentially harmful factors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-021-00959-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Nagata
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555 Japan
| | - Shun Sato
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555 Japan
| | - Aldrine Kilua
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555 Japan
| | - Naoki Fukuma
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555 Japan.,Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555 Japan
| | - Yasunori Nakayama
- Healthcare New Business Division, Teijin Limited, 4-3-2 Asahigaoka, Hino, Tokyo, 191-8512 Japan
| | - Eiichi Kitazono
- Healthcare New Business Division, Teijin Limited, 4-3-2 Asahigaoka, Hino, Tokyo, 191-8512 Japan
| | - Toshiaki Aoyama
- Department of R&D Center, DAITOCACAO Co., Ltd., 2-3-23 Shimomeguro, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-0064 Japan
| | - Kyu-Ho Han
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555 Japan.,Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555 Japan
| | - Michihiro Fukushima
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555 Japan
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Nagata R, Taneda K, Pelpolage SW, Bochimoto H, Fukuma N, Shimada K, Tani M, Han K, Fukushima M. Effect of Calcium‐Fortified Potato Starch on Cecal Fermentation and Fat Accumulation in Rats. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Nagata
- Department of Life and Food Sciences Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine West 2‐11, Inada Obihiro 080‐8555 Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Iwate University 3‐18‐8 Ueda Morioka 020‐8550 Japan
| | - Kotomi Taneda
- Department of Life and Food Sciences Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine West 2‐11, Inada Obihiro 080‐8555 Japan
| | - Samanthi Wathsala Pelpolage
- Department of Life and Food Sciences Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine West 2‐11, Inada Obihiro 080‐8555 Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Iwate University 3‐18‐8 Ueda Morioka 020‐8550 Japan
| | - Hiroki Bochimoto
- Department of Cell Physiology The Jikei University School of Medicine Nishishimbashi 3‐25‐8, Minatoku Tokyo 105‐8461 Japan
| | - Naoki Fukuma
- Department of Life and Food Sciences Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine West 2‐11, Inada Obihiro 080‐8555 Japan
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine West 2‐11, Inada Obihiro 080‐8555 Japan
| | - Kenichiro Shimada
- Department of Life and Food Sciences Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine West 2‐11, Inada Obihiro 080‐8555 Japan
| | - Masayuki Tani
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine West 2‐11, Inada Obihiro 080‐8555 Japan
| | - Kyu‐Ho Han
- Department of Life and Food Sciences Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine West 2‐11, Inada Obihiro 080‐8555 Japan
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine West 2‐11, Inada Obihiro 080‐8555 Japan
| | - Michihiro Fukushima
- Department of Life and Food Sciences Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine West 2‐11, Inada Obihiro 080‐8555 Japan
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Pelpolage SW, Yoshida A, Nagata R, Shimada K, Fukuma N, Bochimoto H, Hamamoto T, Hoshizawa M, Nakano K, Han KH, Fukushima M. Frozen Autoclaved Sorghum Enhanced Colonic Fermentation and Lower Visceral Fat Accumulation in Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2412. [PMID: 32806549 PMCID: PMC7570106 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As raw sorghum is not able to influence considerable colonic fermentation despite its higher resistant starch (RS) content, our study aimed to investigate the effects of frozen autoclaved sorghum on colonic fermentation. Fischer 344 rats were fed frozen cooked refined (S-Rf) and whole (S-Wh) sorghum diets and were compared against α-corn starch (CON) and high amylose starch (HAS) fed rats for zoometric parameters, cecal biochemical and microbiological parameters. Sorghum fed rats exhibited significantly lower feed intake and visceral adipose tissue mass compared to CON. Bacterial alpha diversity was significantly higher in the sorghum fed rats compared to HAS and the two sorghum fed groups clustered together, separately from HAS and CON in the beta diversity plot. Serum non-High Density Lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol in S-Rf group were significantly lower compared to CON, while total fecal bile excretion was also significantly higher in the two sorghum fed groups. Lower visceral adiposity was correlated with lower feed intake, RS content ingested and cecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents. Thus, higher RS inflow to the colon via frozen autoclaved sorghum might have influenced colonic fermentation of RS and the resultant SCFA might have influenced lower adiposity as manifested by the lower body weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanthi W. Pelpolage
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
| | - Atsushi Yoshida
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
| | - Ryuji Nagata
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
| | - Kenichiro Shimada
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
| | - Naoki Fukuma
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroki Bochimoto
- Division of Aerospace Medicine, Department of Cell Physiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishimbashi, Minatoku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan;
| | - Tetsuo Hamamoto
- U.S. Grains Council, 11th Floor, Toranomon Denki Building No. 3, 1-2-20 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan; (T.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Michiyo Hoshizawa
- U.S. Grains Council, 11th Floor, Toranomon Denki Building No. 3, 1-2-20 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan; (T.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Koichi Nakano
- Nakano Industry Co., Asahishinmachi 33-25 Takamatsu, Kagawa 760-0064, Japan;
| | - Kyu-Ho Han
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Michihiro Fukushima
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
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Han K, Jibiki T, Fukushima M. Effect of Hydrothermal Treatment of Depigmented Turmeric (
Curcuma longa
L.) on Cecal Fermentation in Rats. STARCH-STARKE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201900221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyu‐Ho Han
- Department of Life and Food SciencesObihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Obihiro Hokkaido 080‐8555 Japan
- Research Center for Global Agro‐medicineObihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Obihiro Hokkaido 080‐8555 Japan
| | - Takeshi Jibiki
- Department of Life and Food SciencesObihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Obihiro Hokkaido 080‐8555 Japan
| | - Michihiro Fukushima
- Department of Life and Food SciencesObihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Obihiro Hokkaido 080‐8555 Japan
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