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Pelpolage SW, Kobayashi H, Fukuma N, Hoshizawa M, Hamamoto T, Han KH, Fukushima M. Temporal changes in the fermentation characteristics, bacterial community structure and the functionality of the predicted metagenome of a batch fermenter medium containing the upper gastrointestinal enzyme resistant fraction of white sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). Food Chem 2024; 448:139102. [PMID: 38593566 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Sorghum is a potential prebiotic ascribed to the high native resistant starch (RS) content. Our previous studies on raw sorghum have revealed prominent amino acid fermentation despite the high RS content. Interestingly, autoclaved-freeze-dried sorghum fed rats exhibited beneficial microbial and biochemical profiles. Having a keen interest to reciprocally scrutinize the underlying mechanisms behind these contrasting outcomes, we used an in vitro porcine batch fermentation model. The fermentable substrates in raw and autoclaved-freeze-dried (three cycles) sorghum (AC) after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion fostered similar bacterial community structures, yet with significant differences in the characteristic amylolytic microbial taxa abundance and their temporal variation. Further, significant differences in the concentration of organic acids in raw and AC manifested the differences in the predicted abundance of the underlying pathways of carbohydrate and organic acid metabolism. Thus, this study highlights the propensity of the heat-moisture treatment of sorghum in modifying the fermentability of its RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanthi W Pelpolage
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Haruhi Kobayashi
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Naoki Fukuma
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan; Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555., Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Michiyo Hoshizawa
- U.S. Grains Council, 11th Floor, Toranomon Denki Building No.3, 1-2-20 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan.
| | - Tetsuo Hamamoto
- U.S. Grains Council, 11th Floor, Toranomon Denki Building No.3, 1-2-20 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan.
| | - Kyu-Ho Han
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan; Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555., Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Michihiro Fukushima
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan.
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Pelpolage SW, Yoshida A, Nagata R, Shimada K, Fukuma N, Bochimoto H, Hamamoto T, Hoshizawa M, Nakano K, Han KH, Fukushima M. Frozen Autoclaved Sorghum Enhanced Colonic Fermentation and Lower Visceral Fat Accumulation in Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2412. [PMID: 32806549 PMCID: PMC7570106 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As raw sorghum is not able to influence considerable colonic fermentation despite its higher resistant starch (RS) content, our study aimed to investigate the effects of frozen autoclaved sorghum on colonic fermentation. Fischer 344 rats were fed frozen cooked refined (S-Rf) and whole (S-Wh) sorghum diets and were compared against α-corn starch (CON) and high amylose starch (HAS) fed rats for zoometric parameters, cecal biochemical and microbiological parameters. Sorghum fed rats exhibited significantly lower feed intake and visceral adipose tissue mass compared to CON. Bacterial alpha diversity was significantly higher in the sorghum fed rats compared to HAS and the two sorghum fed groups clustered together, separately from HAS and CON in the beta diversity plot. Serum non-High Density Lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol in S-Rf group were significantly lower compared to CON, while total fecal bile excretion was also significantly higher in the two sorghum fed groups. Lower visceral adiposity was correlated with lower feed intake, RS content ingested and cecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents. Thus, higher RS inflow to the colon via frozen autoclaved sorghum might have influenced colonic fermentation of RS and the resultant SCFA might have influenced lower adiposity as manifested by the lower body weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanthi W. Pelpolage
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
| | - Atsushi Yoshida
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
| | - Ryuji Nagata
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
| | - Kenichiro Shimada
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
| | - Naoki Fukuma
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroki Bochimoto
- Division of Aerospace Medicine, Department of Cell Physiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishimbashi, Minatoku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan;
| | - Tetsuo Hamamoto
- U.S. Grains Council, 11th Floor, Toranomon Denki Building No. 3, 1-2-20 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan; (T.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Michiyo Hoshizawa
- U.S. Grains Council, 11th Floor, Toranomon Denki Building No. 3, 1-2-20 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan; (T.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Koichi Nakano
- Nakano Industry Co., Asahishinmachi 33-25 Takamatsu, Kagawa 760-0064, Japan;
| | - Kyu-Ho Han
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Michihiro Fukushima
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro 080–8555, Hokkaido, Japan; (S.W.P.); (A.Y.); (K.S.); (R.N.); (N.F.); (K.-H.H.)
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Pelpolage S, Nagata R, Fukuma N, Shimada K, Han KH, Hamamoto T, Hoshizawa M, Fukushima M. In Vivo Colonic Fermentation of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.): Important Correlations Observed among the Physiological Parameters of Cecum, Liver, Adipose Tissue and Fasting Serum Lipid Profile. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2020; 65:S222-S227. [PMID: 31619635 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.65.s222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
High amylose corn starch (HAS), whole grain sorghum (S-Wh), refined sorghum (S-Rf) and α-corn starch (CON) diets were fed to animals for 1 mo aiming to examine the physiological effects of resistant starch inclusion in the diet from grains. HAS exhibited significantly lower feed intake, final body weight, serum lipid profile with significantly higher cecal parameters and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents. S-Wh group exhibited significantly higher body weight, feed intake and serum lipid parameters compared to other 3 groups. Cecal fermentation was not seemed to be prominent in the CON, S-Wh and S-Rf groups with respect to lower cecal parameters and SCFA contents. The cecal microbial compositions in HAS, S-Wh and CON/S-Rf exhibited 3 distinct clusters suggesting a significant effect of the cecal microbial composition on cecal parameters, SCFA contents and physiological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanthi Pelpolage
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University.,Department of Life and food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Ryuji Nagata
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University.,Department of Life and food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Naoki Fukuma
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Kenichiro Shimada
- Department of Life and food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Kyu-Ho Han
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
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