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Zhang L, Cai X, Ma F, Qiao X, Ji J, Ma JA, Vergnes L, Zhao Y, Yao Y, Wu X, Boström KI. Two-step regulation by matrix Gla protein in brown adipose cell differentiation. Mol Metab 2024; 80:101870. [PMID: 38184275 PMCID: PMC10832489 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is intricately involved in adipose tissue development. BMP7 together with BMP4 have been implicated in brown adipocyte differentiation but their roles during development remains poorly specified. Matrix Gla protein (MGP) inhibits BMP4 and BMP7 and is expressed in endothelial and progenitor cells. The objective was to determine the role of MGP in brown adipose tissue (BAT) development. METHODS The approach included global and cell-specific Mgp gene deletion in combination with RNA analysis, immunostaining, thermogenic activity, and in vitro studies. RESULTS The results revealed that MGP directs brown adipogenesis at two essential steps. Endothelial-derived MGP limits triggering of white adipogenic differentiation in the perivascular region, whereas MGP derived from adipose cells supports the transition of CD142-expressing progenitor cells to brown adipogenic maturity. Both steps were important to optimize the thermogenic function of BAT. Furthermore, MGP derived from both sources impacted vascular growth. Reduction of MGP in either endothelial or adipose cells expanded the endothelial cell population, suggesting that MGP is a factor in overall plasticity of adipose tissue. CONCLUSION MGP displays a dual and cell-specific function in BAT, essentially creating a "cellular shuttle" that coordinates brown adipogenic differentiation with vascular growth during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA.
| | - Xinjiang Cai
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Feiyang Ma
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaojing Qiao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Jaden Ji
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Jocelyn A Ma
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yan Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Yucheng Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Xiuju Wu
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Kristina I Boström
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Ryan AR, Cleaver O. Plumbing our organs: Lessons from vascular development to instruct lab generated tissues. Curr Top Dev Biol 2022; 148:165-194. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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cAMP/EPAC Signaling Enables ETV2 to Induce Endothelial Cells with High Angiogenesis Potential. Mol Ther 2019; 28:466-478. [PMID: 31864907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the generation of ETV2-induced endothelial cells (iECs) from human fibroblasts serves as a novel therapeutic strategy in regenerative medicine, the process is inefficient, resulting in incomplete iEC angiogenesis. Therefore, we employed chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing and identified molecular mechanisms underlying ETV2-mediated endothelial transdifferentiation to efficiently produce iECs retaining appropriate functionality in long-term culture. We revealed that the majority of ETV2 targets in human fibroblasts are related to vasculature development and signaling transduction pathways, including Rap1 signaling. From a screening of signaling pathway modulators, we confirmed that forskolin facilitated efficient and rapid iEC reprogramming via activation of the cyclic AMP (cAMP)/exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (EPAC)/RAP1 axis. The iECs obtained via cAMP signaling activation showed superior angiogenesis in vivo as well as in vitro. Moreover, these cells could form aligned endothelium along the vascular lumen ex vivo when seeded into decellularized liver scaffold. Overall, our study provided evidence that the cAMP/EPAC/RAP1 axis is required for the efficient generation of iECs with angiogenesis potential.
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4
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Yao Y, Yao J, Boström KI. SOX Transcription Factors in Endothelial Differentiation and Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transitions. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:30. [PMID: 30984768 PMCID: PMC6447608 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The SRY (Sex Determining Region Y)-related HMG box of DNA binding proteins, referred to as SOX transcription factors, were first identified as critical regulators of male sex determination but are now known to play an important role in vascular development and disease. SOX7, 17, and 18 are essential in endothelial differentiation and SOX2 has emerged as an essential mediator of endothelial-mesenchymal transitions (EndMTs), a mechanism that enables the endothelium to contribute cells with abnormal cell differentiation to vascular disease such as calcific vasculopathy. In the following paper, we review published information on the SOX transcription factors in endothelial differentiation and hypothesize that SOX2 acts as a mediator of EndMTs that contribute to vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jiayi Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kristina I Boström
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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5
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Jin R, Song G, Chai J, Gou X, Yuan G, Chen Z. Effects of concentrated growth factor on proliferation, migration, and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in vitro. J Tissue Eng 2018; 9:2041731418817505. [PMID: 30622693 PMCID: PMC6304703 DOI: 10.1177/2041731418817505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Concentrated growth factor, a novel autologous plasma extract, contained various growth factors which promoted tissue regeneration. In this study, we aimed to investigate the biological effects of concentrated growth factor on human dental pulp stem cells. The microstructure and biocompatibility of concentrated growth factor scaffolds were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Cell proliferation and migration, odontoblastic and endothelial cell differentiation potential were assessed after exposing dental pulp stem cells to different concentrations (5%, 10%, 20%, 50%, or 80%) of concentrated growth factor extracts. The results revealed that concentrated growth factor scaffolds possessed porous fibrin network with platelets and leukocytes, and showed great biocompatibility with dental pulp stem cells. Higher cell proliferation rates were detected in the concentrated growth factor–treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, in comparison to the controls, the low doses (<50%) of concentrated growth factor increased cell migration, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralized tissue deposition, while the cells treated in high doses (50% or 80%) showed no significant difference. After stimulating cell differentiation, the expression levels of dentin matrix protein-1, dentin sialophosphoprotein, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 and cluster of differentiation 31 were significantly upregulated in concentrated growth factor–supplemented groups than those of the controls. Furthermore, the dental pulp stem cell–derived endothelial cells co-induced by 5% concentrated growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor formed the most amount of mature tube-like structures on Matrigel among all groups, but the high-dosage concentrated growth factor exhibited no or inhibitory effect on cell differentiation. In general, our findings confirmed that concentrated growth factor promoted cell proliferation, migration, and the dental pulp stem cell–mediated dentinogenesis and angiogenesis process, by which it might act as a growth factor–loaded scaffold to facilitate dentin–pulp complex healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Jin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangtai Song
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihua Chai
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Gou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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6
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Cheng F, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Jiang Q, Zhao CJ, Deng J, Chen X, Yao Y, Xia Z, Cheng L, Dai L, Shi G, Yang Y, Zhang S, Yu D, Wei Y, Deng H. Conversion of human adipose-derived stem cells into functional and expandable endothelial-like cells for cell-based therapies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:350. [PMID: 30558659 PMCID: PMC6296081 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemic vascular diseases are the major cause of death worldwide. In recent years, endothelial cell (EC)-based approaches to vascular regeneration are increasingly viable strategies for treating ischemic diseases, but their applications are challenged by the difficulties in their efficient generation and stable maintenance. Here, we show an alternative protocol that facilitates the generation of functional and expandable ETS variant 2 (ETV2)-induced endothelial-like cells (EiECs) from human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs), providing a potential source of cells for autologous ECs to treat ischemic vascular diseases. Methods hADSCs were obtained from fresh human adipose tissue. Passage 3 hADSCs were transduced with doxycycline (DOX)-inducible ETV2 transcription factor; purified ETV2-hADSCs were induced into endothelial-like cells using a two-stage induction culture system composed of small molecule compounds and cell factors. EiECs were evaluated for their surface markers, proliferation, gene expression, secretory capacity, and effects on vascular regeneration in vivo. Results We found that short-term ETV2 expression combined with TGF-β inhibition is sufficient for the generation of kinase insert domain receptor (KDR)+ cells from hADSCs within 10 days. KDR+ cells showed immature endothelial characteristics, and they can gradually mature in a chemically defined induction medium at the second stage of induction. Futher studies showed that KDR+ cells deriving EC-like cells could stably self-renew and expand about 106-fold in 1 month, and they exhibited expected genome-wide molecular features of mature ECs. Functionally, these EC-like cells significantly promoted revascularization in a hind limb ischemic model. Conclusions We isolated highly purified hADSCs and effectively converted them into functional and expandable endothelial-like cells. Thus, the study may provide an alternative strategy to obtain functional EC-like cells with potential for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1088-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyuan Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Jian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunqi Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhemin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dechao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke-yuan Road 4, No. 1, Gao-peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Hu S, Zhao MT, Jahanbani F, Shao NY, Lee WH, Chen H, Snyder MP, Wu JC. Effects of cellular origin on differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells. JCI Insight 2018; 1:85558. [PMID: 27398408 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.85558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be derived from various types of somatic cells by transient overexpression of 4 Yamanaka factors (OCT4, SOX2, C-MYC, and KLF4). Patient-specific iPSC derivatives (e.g., neuronal, cardiac, hepatic, muscular, and endothelial cells [ECs]) hold great promise in drug discovery and regenerative medicine. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether the cellular origin can affect the differentiation, in vivo behavior, and single-cell gene expression signatures of human iPSC-derived ECs. We derived human iPSCs from 3 types of somatic cells of the same individuals: fibroblasts (FB-iPSCs), ECs (EC-iPSCs), and cardiac progenitor cells (CPC-iPSCs). We then differentiated them into ECs by sequential administration of Activin, BMP4, bFGF, and VEGF. EC-iPSCs at early passage (10 < P < 20) showed higher EC differentiation propensity and gene expression of EC-specific markers (PECAM1 and NOS3) than FB-iPSCs and CPC-iPSCs. In vivo transplanted EC-iPSC-ECs were recovered with a higher percentage of CD31+ population and expressed higher EC-specific gene expression markers (PECAM1, KDR, and ICAM) as revealed by microfluidic single-cell quantitative PCR (qPCR). In vitro EC-iPSC-ECs maintained a higher CD31+ population than FB-iPSC-ECs and CPC-iPSC-ECs with long-term culturing and passaging. These results indicate that cellular origin may influence lineage differentiation propensity of human iPSCs; hence, the somatic memory carried by early passage iPSCs should be carefully considered before clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Hu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming-Tao Zhao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Fereshteh Jahanbani
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ning-Yi Shao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Won Hee Lee
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Haodong Chen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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8
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Goumans MJ, Ten Dijke P. TGF-β Signaling in Control of Cardiovascular Function. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:cshperspect.a022210. [PMID: 28348036 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a022210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetic studies in animals and humans indicate that gene mutations that functionally perturb transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling are linked to specific hereditary vascular syndromes, including Osler-Rendu-Weber disease or hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and Marfan syndrome. Disturbed TGF-β signaling can also cause nonhereditary disorders like atherosclerosis and cardiac fibrosis. Accordingly, cell culture studies using endothelial cells or smooth muscle cells (SMCs), cultured alone or together in two- or three-dimensional cell culture assays, on plastic or embedded in matrix, have shown that TGF-β has a pivotal effect on endothelial and SMC proliferation, differentiation, migration, tube formation, and sprouting. Moreover, TGF-β can stimulate endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a process shown to be of key importance in heart valve cushion formation and in various pathological vascular processes. Here, we discuss the roles of TGF-β in vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis and the deregulation of TGF-β signaling in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-José Goumans
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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9
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Nie Y, Zhang K, Zhang S, Wang D, Han Z, Che Y, Kong D, Zhao Q, Han Z, He ZX, Liu N, Ma F, Li Z. Nitric oxide releasing hydrogel promotes endothelial differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Acta Biomater 2017; 63:190-199. [PMID: 28859902 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of endothelial cells (ECs) holds great promise for treating various kinds of ischemic diseases. However, the major challenge in ECs-based therapy in clinical applications is to provide high quality and enough amounts of cells. In this study, we developed a simple and efficient system to direct endothelial differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) using a controllable chitosan nitric oxide (NO)-releasing hydrogel (CS-NO). ESCs were plated onto the hydrogel culture system, and the expressions of differentiation markers were measured. We found that the expression of Flk-1 (early ECs marker) and VE-cadherin (mature ECs marker) increased obviously under the controlled NO releasing environment. Moreover, the Flk-1 upregulation was accompanied by the activation of the phospho-inositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling. We also found that in the presence of the PI3K inhibitor (LY294002), the endothelial commitment of ESCs was abolished, indicating the importance of Akt phosphorylation in the endothelial differentiation of ESCs. Interestingly, in the absence of NO, the activation of Akt phosphorylation alone by using AKT activator (SC-79) did not profoundly promote the endothelial differentiation of ESCs, suggesting an interdependent relationship between NO and the Akt phosphorylation in driving endothelial fate specification of ESCs. Taken together, we demonstrated that NO releasing in a continuous and controlled manner is a simple and efficient method for directing the endothelial differentiation of ESCs without adding growth factors. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Fascinating data continues to show that artificial stem cell niche not only serve as a physical supporting scaffold for stem cells proliferation, but also as a novel platform for directing stem cell differentiation. Because of the lack of proper microenvironment for generating therapeutic endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro, the source of ECs for transplantation is the major limitation in ECs-based therapy to clinical applications. The current study established a feeder cell-free, 2-dimensional culture system for promoting the differentiation processes of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) committed to the endothelial lineage via using a nitric oxide (NO) controlled releasing hydrogel (CS-NO). Notably, the NO releasing from the hydrogel could selectively up-regulate Flk-1 (early ECs marker) and VE-cadherin (mature ECs marker) in the absence of growth factors, which was of crucial importance in the endothelial differentiation of ESCs. In summary, the current study proposes a simple and efficient method for directing the endothelial differentiation of ESCs without extra growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Nie
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaiyue Zhang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Dan Wang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhibo Han
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Perinatal Stem Cells, Beijing Institute of Health and Stem Cells, Health & Biotech Co., Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhe Che
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Deling Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongchao Han
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Perinatal Stem Cells, Beijing Institute of Health and Stem Cells, Health & Biotech Co., Beijing, China
| | - Zuo-Xiang He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Liu
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Fengxia Ma
- State Key Lab of Experimental Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zongjin Li
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Science, Tianjin, China.
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10
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Xu JG, Gong T, Wang YY, Zou T, Heng BC, Yang YQ, Zhang CF. Inhibition of TGF-β Signaling in SHED Enhances Endothelial Differentiation. J Dent Res 2017; 97:218-225. [PMID: 28972822 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517733741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Low efficiency of deriving endothelial cells (ECs) from adult stem cells hampers their utilization in tissue engineering studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether suppression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling could enhance the differentiation efficiency of dental pulp-derived stem cells into ECs. We initially used vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) to stimulate 2 dental pulp-derived stem cells (dental pulp stem cells and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth [SHED]) and compared their differentiation capacity into ECs. We further evaluated whether the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor I (VEGF-RI)-specific ligand placental growth factor-1 (PlGF-1) could mediate endothelial differentiation. Finally, we investigated whether the TGF-β signaling inhibitor SB-431542 could enhance the inductive effect of VEGF-A on endothelial differentiation, as well as the underlying mechanisms involved. ECs differentiated from dental pulp-derived stem cells exhibited the typical phenotypes of primary ECs, with SHED possessing a higher endothelial differentiation potential than dental pulp stem cells. VEGFR1-specific ligand-PLGF exerted a negligible effect on SHED-ECs differentiation. Compared with VEGF-A alone, the combination of VEGF-A and SB-431542 significantly enhanced the endothelial differentiation of SHED. The presence of SB-431542 inhibited the phosphorylation of Suppressor of Mothers Against Decapentaplegic 2/3 (SMAD2/3), allowing for VEGF-A-dependent phosphorylation and upregulation of VEGFR2. Our results indicate that the combination of VEGF-A and SB-431542 could enhance the differentiation of dental pulp-derived stem cells into endothelial cells, and this process is mediated through enhancement of VEGF-A-VEGFR2 signaling and concomitant inhibition of TGF-β-SMAD2/3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Xu
- 1 Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - T Gong
- 1 Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,2 HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y Y Wang
- 3 Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - T Zou
- 1 Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,2 HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Hong Kong, China
| | - B C Heng
- 1 Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,2 HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y Q Yang
- 4 Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C F Zhang
- 1 Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,2 HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Hong Kong, China
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11
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Yao J, Guihard PJ, Wu X, Blazquez-Medela AM, Spencer MJ, Jumabay M, Tontonoz P, Fogelman AM, Boström KI, Yao Y. Vascular endothelium plays a key role in directing pulmonary epithelial cell differentiation. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:3369-3385. [PMID: 28838957 PMCID: PMC5626536 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201612122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
J. Yao et al. demonstrate that loss of MGP, a BMP inhibitor, causes abnormal hepatic differentiation in lungs. They find that interactions between endothelium and epithelium separate pulmonary from hepatic differentiation during development. Lack of MGP triggers hepatic differentiation in the pulmonary epithelium, as regulated by the endothelium. The vascular endothelium is critical for induction of appropriate lineage differentiation in organogenesis. In this study, we report that dysfunctional pulmonary endothelium, resulting from the loss of matrix Gla protein (MGP), causes ectopic hepatic differentiation in the pulmonary epithelium. We demonstrate uncontrolled induction of the hepatic growth factor (HGF) caused by dysregulated cross talk between pulmonary endothelium and epithelium in Mgp-null lungs. Elevated HGF induced hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 α (Hnf4a), which competed with NK2 homeobox 1 (Nkx2.1) for binding to forkhead box A2 (Foxa2) to drive hepatic differentiation in Mgp-null airway progenitor cells. Limiting endothelial HGF reduced Hnf4a, abolished interference of Hnf4a with Foxa2, and reduced hepatic differentiation in Mgp-null lungs. Together, our results suggest that endothelial–epithelial interactions, maintained by MGP, are essential in pulmonary cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Pierre J Guihard
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Xiuju Wu
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ana M Blazquez-Medela
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Melissa J Spencer
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Medet Jumabay
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Alan M Fogelman
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kristina I Boström
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA .,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yucheng Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA .,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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12
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Mao YZ, Jiang L. Effects of Notch signalling pathway on the relationship between vascular endothelial dysfunction and endothelial stromal transformation in atherosclerosis. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017. [PMID: 28622044 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1337030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
At present, with the improvement of living standards and population aging, the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is on the rise and has been a serious threat to human health. Statistics show that the current death caused by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease has become the first cause of death has been increasing year by year. Therefore, studies on coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis (AS) have become a hot topic in clinical and basic research. In this study, the question of the effect of Notch signalling pathway on the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and endothelial stromal transformation in AS was studied in depth. Based on our results, we drew conclusions as follows. First, the Notch signalling pathway was activated in the atherosclerotic model; secondly, the Notch signalling pathway was demonstrated to enhance AS by promoting vascular endothelial dysfunction; thirdly, it was demonstrated that the Notch signalling pathway was mediated by promoting endothelial and to enhance AS; finally, we confirmed the endothelial function through the Notch signalling pathway to affect the transformation of endothelial stroma to achieve synergistic AS effect. The results of this study have a good guiding significance for the important role of Notch signalling in AS and indicate the ability to influence endothelial function and endothelial stromal transformation by intervening Notch signalling pathway and can affect the relationship between them, and thus eventually achieve the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zhong Mao
- a Department of Pediatric Surgery Union Hospital , Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Ling Jiang
- b Department of Geriatrics , Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
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13
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Lis R, Karrasch CC, Poulos MG, Kunar B, Redmond D, Duran JGB, Badwe CR, Schachterle W, Ginsberg M, Xiang J, Tabrizi AR, Shido K, Rosenwaks Z, Elemento O, Speck NA, Butler JM, Scandura JM, Rafii S. Conversion of adult endothelium to immunocompetent haematopoietic stem cells. Nature 2017; 545:439-445. [PMID: 28514438 DOI: 10.1038/nature22326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Developmental pathways that orchestrate the fleeting transition of endothelial cells into haematopoietic stem cells remain undefined. Here we demonstrate a tractable approach for fully reprogramming adult mouse endothelial cells to haematopoietic stem cells (rEC-HSCs) through transient expression of the transcription-factor-encoding genes Fosb, Gfi1, Runx1, and Spi1 (collectively denoted hereafter as FGRS) and vascular-niche-derived angiocrine factors. The induction phase (days 0-8) of conversion is initiated by expression of FGRS in mature endothelial cells, which results in endogenous Runx1 expression. During the specification phase (days 8-20), RUNX1+ FGRS-transduced endothelial cells commit to a haematopoietic fate, yielding rEC-HSCs that no longer require FGRS expression. The vascular niche drives a robust self-renewal and expansion phase of rEC-HSCs (days 20-28). rEC-HSCs have a transcriptome and long-term self-renewal capacity similar to those of adult haematopoietic stem cells, and can be used for clonal engraftment and serial primary and secondary multi-lineage reconstitution, including antigen-dependent adaptive immune function. Inhibition of TGFβ and CXCR7 or activation of BMP and CXCR4 signalling enhanced generation of rEC-HSCs. Pluripotency-independent conversion of endothelial cells into autologous authentic engraftable haematopoietic stem cells could aid treatment of haematological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Lis
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA.,Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Charles C Karrasch
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA.,Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Michael G Poulos
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA.,Department of Surgery, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Balvir Kunar
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - David Redmond
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine &Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Jose G Barcia Duran
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Chaitanya R Badwe
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - William Schachterle
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | | | - Jenny Xiang
- Genomics Resources Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Arash Rafii Tabrizi
- Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, PO box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Koji Shido
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Zev Rosenwaks
- Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine &Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Nancy A Speck
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jason M Butler
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA.,Department of Surgery, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Joseph M Scandura
- Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
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14
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Sox17 drives functional engraftment of endothelium converted from non-vascular cells. Nat Commun 2017; 8:13963. [PMID: 28091527 PMCID: PMC5260855 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplanting vascular endothelial cells (ECs) to support metabolism and express regenerative paracrine factors is a strategy to treat vasculopathies and to promote tissue regeneration. However, transplantation strategies have been challenging to develop, because ECs are difficult to culture and little is known about how to direct them to stably integrate into vasculature. Here we show that only amniotic cells could convert to cells that maintain EC gene expression. Even so, these converted cells perform sub-optimally in transplantation studies. Constitutive Akt signalling increases expression of EC morphogenesis genes, including Sox17, shifts the genomic targeting of Fli1 to favour nearby Sox consensus sites and enhances the vascular function of converted cells. Enforced expression of Sox17 increases expression of morphogenesis genes and promotes integration of transplanted converted cells into injured vessels. Thus, Ets transcription factors specify non-vascular, amniotic cells to EC-like cells, whereas Sox17 expression is required to confer EC function.
Endothelial cells (ECs) are promising strategies to treat vasculopathies but little is known about the factors that sustain EC identity and govern functional integration into vasculature after transplantation. Here the authors show that Ets factors and Sox17 convert nonvascular cells to vascular cells with stable EC identity and function.
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15
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Laminin-guided highly efficient endothelial commitment from human pluripotent stem cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35680. [PMID: 27804979 PMCID: PMC5090224 DOI: 10.1038/srep35680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obtaining highly purified differentiated cells via directed differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is an essential step for their clinical application. Among the various conditions that should be optimized, the precise role and contribution of the extracellular matrix (ECM) during differentiation are relatively unclear. Here, using a short fragment of laminin 411 (LM411-E8), an ECM predominantly expressed in the vascular endothelial basement membrane, we demonstrate that the directed switching of defined ECMs robustly yields highly-purified (>95%) endothelial progenitor cells (PSC-EPCs) without cell sorting from hPSCs in an integrin-laminin axis-dependent manner. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis revealed that LM411-E8 resolved intercellular transcriptional heterogeneity and escorted the progenitor cells to the appropriate differentiation pathway. The PSC-EPCs gave rise to functional endothelial cells both in vivo and in vitro. We therefore propose that sequential switching of defined matrices is an important concept for guiding cells towards desired fate.
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16
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Hou L, Coller J, Natu V, Hastie TJ, Huang NF. Combinatorial extracellular matrix microenvironments promote survival and phenotype of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells in hypoxia. Acta Biomater 2016; 44:188-99. [PMID: 27498178 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Recent developments in cell therapy using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (iPSC-ECs) hold great promise for treating ischemic cardiovascular tissues. However, poor post-transplantation viability largely limits the potential of stem cell therapy. Although the extracellular matrix (ECM) has become increasingly recognized as an important cell survival factor, conventional approaches primarily rely on single ECMs for in vivo co-delivery with cells, even though the endothelial basement membrane is comprised of a milieu of different ECMs. To address this limitation, we developed a combinatorial ECM microarray platform to simultaneously interrogate hundreds of micro-scale multi-component chemical compositions of ECMs on iPSC-EC response. After seeding iPSC-ECs onto ECM microarrays, we performed high-throughput analysis of the effects of combinatorial ECMs on iPSC-EC survival, endothelial phenotype, and nitric oxide production under conditions of hypoxia (1% O2) and reduced nutrients (1% fetal bovine serum), as is present in ischemic injury sites. Using automated image acquisition and analysis, we identified combinatorial ECMs such as collagen IV+gelatin+heparan sulfate+laminin and collagen IV+fibronectin+gelatin+heparan sulfate+laminin that significantly improved cell survival, nitric oxide production, and CD31 phenotypic expression, in comparison to single-component ECMs. These results were further validated in conventional cell culture platforms and within three-dimensional scaffolds. Furthermore, this approach revealed complex ECM interactions and non-intuitive cell behavior that otherwise could not be easily determined using conventional cell culture platforms. Together these data suggested that iPSC-EC delivery within optimal combinatorial ECMs may improve their survival and function under the condition of hypoxia with reduced nutrients. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Human endothelial cells (ECs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-ECs) are promising for treating diseases associated with reduced nutrient and oxygen supply like heart failure. However, diminished iPSC-EC survival after implantation into diseased environments limits their therapeutic potential. Since native ECs interact with numerous extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins for functional maintenance, we hypothesized that combinatorial ECMs may improve cell survival and function under conditions of reduced oxygen and nutrients. We developed a high-throughput system for simultaneous screening of iPSC-ECs cultured on multi-component ECM combinations under the condition of hypoxia and reduced serum. Using automated image acquisition and analytical algorithms, we identified combinatorial ECMs that significantly improved cell survival and function, in comparison to single ECMs. Furthermore, this approach revealed complex ECM interactions and non-intuitive cell behavior that otherwise could not be easily determined.
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17
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Apigenin and naringenin regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, and ameliorate vascular dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 773:13-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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18
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Yao J, Guihard PJ, Blazquez-Medela AM, Guo Y, Liu T, Boström KI, Yao Y. Matrix Gla protein regulates differentiation of endothelial cells derived from mouse embryonic stem cells. Angiogenesis 2016; 19:1-7. [PMID: 26364300 PMCID: PMC4703505 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-015-9484-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is an antagonist of bone morphogenetic proteins and expressed in vascular endothelial cells. Lack of MGP causes vascular abnormalities in multiple organs in mice. The objective of this study is to define the role of MGP in early endothelial differentiation. We find that expression of endothelial markers is highly induced in Mgp null organs, which, in wild type, contain high MGP expression. Furthermore, Mgp null embryonic stem cells express higher levels of endothelial markers than wild-type controls and an abnormal temporal pattern of expression. We also find that the Mgp-deficient endothelial cells adopt characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells. We conclude that loss of MGP causes dysregulation of early endothelial differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Western Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Pierre J Guihard
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
| | - Ana M Blazquez-Medela
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
| | - Yina Guo
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
| | - Ting Liu
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1630 Dong Fang Rd, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Kristina I Boström
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA
- The Molecular Biology Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1570, USA
| | - Yucheng Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Box 951679, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1679, USA.
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19
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Movahednia MM, Kidwai FK, Zou Y, Tong HJ, Liu X, Islam I, Toh WS, Raghunath M, Cao T. Differential Effects of the Extracellular Microenvironment on Human Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation into Keratinocytes and Their Subsequent Replicative Life Span. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:1432-43. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fahad Karim Kidwai
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Zou
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huei Jinn Tong
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Intekhab Islam
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Seong Toh
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Raghunath
- National University of Singapore Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tong Cao
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), Singapore, Singapore
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20
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Kusuma S, Facklam A, Gerecht S. Characterizing human pluripotent-stem-cell-derived vascular cells for tissue engineering applications. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 24:451-8. [PMID: 25233291 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-engineered constructs are rendered useless without a functional vasculature owing to a lack of nutrients and oxygen. Cell-based approaches to reconstruct blood vessels can yield structures that mimic native vasculature and aid transplantation. Vascular derivatives of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offer opportunities to generate patient-specific therapies and potentially provide unlimited amounts of vascular cells. To be used in engineered vascular constructs and confer therapeutic benefit, vascular derivatives must exhibit additional key properties, including extracellular matrix (ECM) production to confer structural integrity and growth factor production to facilitate integration. In this study, we examine the hypothesis that vascular cells derived from hiPSCs exhibit these critical properties to facilitate their use in engineered tissues. hiPSCs were codifferentiated toward early vascular cells (EVCs), a bicellular population of endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes, under varying low-oxygen differentiation conditions; subsequently, ECs were isolated and passaged. We found that EVCs differentiated under low-oxygen conditions produced copious amounts of collagen IV and fibronectin as well as vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin 2. EVCs differentiated under atmospheric conditions did not demonstrate such abundant ECM expression, but exhibited greater expression of angiopoietin 1. Isolated ECs could proliferate up to three passages while maintaining the EC marker vascular endothelial cadherin. Isolated ECs demonstrated an increased propensity to produce ECM compared with their EVC correlates and took on an arterial-like fate. These findings illustrate that hiPSC vascular derivates hold great potential for therapeutic use and should continue to be a preferred cell source for vascular construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravanti Kusuma
- 1 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland
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