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Stachon T, Fecher-Trost C, Latta L, Yapar D, Fries FN, Meyer MR, Käsmann-Kellner B, Seitz B, Szentmáry N. Protein profiling of conjunctival impression cytology samples of aniridia subjects. Acta Ophthalmol 2024; 102:e635-e645. [PMID: 38130099 DOI: 10.1111/aos.16614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Congenital aniridia is a rare disease, which is in most cases related to PAX6 haploinsufficiency. Aniridia associated keratopathy (AAK) also belongs to ocular signs of congenital aniridia. In AAK, there is corneal epithelial thinning, corneal inflammation, vascularization and scarring. In advanced stage AAK, typically, conjunctival epithelial cells slowly replace the corneal epithelium. Based on previous results we hypothesize that alterations of the conjunctival cells in congenital aniridia may also support the corneal conjunctivalization process. The aim of this study was to identify deregulated proteins in conjunctival impression cytology samples of congenital aniridia subjects. METHODS Conjunctival impression cytology samples of eight patients with congenital aniridia [age 34.5 ± 9.9 (17-51) years, 50% female] and eight healthy subjects [age 34.1 ± 11.9 (15-54) years, 50% female] were collected and analysed using mass spectrometry. Proteomic profiles were analysed in terms of molecular functions, biological processes, cellular components and pathway enrichment using the protein annotation of the evolutionary relationship (PANTHER) classification system. RESULTS In total, 3323 proteins could be verified and there were 127 deregulated proteins (p < 0.01) in congenital aniridia. From the 127 deregulated proteins (DEPs), 82 altered biological processes, 63 deregulated cellular components, 27 significantly altered molecular functions and 31 enriched signalling pathways were identified. Pathological alteration of the biological processes and molecular functions of retinol binding and retinoic acid biosynthesis, as well as lipid metabolism and apoptosis related pathways could be demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS Protein profile of conjunctival impression cytology samples of aniridia subjects identifies alterations of retinol binding, retinoic acid biosynthesis, lipid metabolism and apoptosis related pathways. Whether these changes are directly related to PAX6 haploinsufficiency, must be investigated in further studies. These new findings offer the possibility to identify potential new drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Stachon
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Claudia Fecher-Trost
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Latta
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Dalya Yapar
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Fabian N Fries
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Markus R Meyer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Berthold Seitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Nóra Szentmáry
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Nhieu J, Lin YL, Wei LN. CRABP1 in Non-Canonical Activities of Retinoic Acid in Health and Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071528. [PMID: 35406141 PMCID: PMC9003107 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we discuss the emerging role of Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein 1 (CRABP1) as a mediator of non-canonical activities of retinoic acid (RA) and relevance to human diseases. We first discuss the role of CRABP1 in regulating MAPK activities and its implication in stem cell proliferation, cancers, adipocyte health, and neuro-immune regulation. We then discuss an additional role of CRABP1 in regulating CaMKII activities, and its implication in heart and motor neuron diseases. Through molecular and genetic studies of Crabp1 knockout (CKO) mouse and culture models, it is established that CRABP1 forms complexes with specific signaling molecules to function as RA-regulated signalsomes in a cell context-dependent manner. Gene expression data and CRABP1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of human cancer, neurodegeneration, and immune disease patients implicate the potential association of abnormality in CRABP1 with human diseases. Finally, therapeutic strategies for managing certain human diseases by targeting CRABP1 are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li-Na Wei
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-612-6259-402
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Latta L, Knebel I, Bleil C, Stachon T, Katiyar P, Zussy C, Fries FN, Käsmann-Kellner B, Seitz B, Szentmáry N. Similarities in DSG1 and KRT3 Downregulation through Retinoic Acid Treatment and PAX6 Knockdown Related Expression Profiles: Does PAX6 Affect RA Signaling in Limbal Epithelial Cells? Biomolecules 2021; 11:1651. [PMID: 34827649 PMCID: PMC8615883 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital PAX6-aniridia is a rare panocular disease resulting from limbal stem cell deficiency. In PAX6-aniridia, the downregulation of the retinol-metabolizing enzymes ADH7 (All-trans-retinol dehydrogenase 7) and ALDH1A1/A3 (Retinal dehydrogenase 1, Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3) have been described in limbal epithelial cells (LECs) and conjunctival epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to identify the role of retinol derivates in the differentiation of human LEC and its potential impact on aniridia-associated keratopathy development. Human LEC were isolated from healthy donor corneas and were cultured with retinol, retinoic acid, or pan-retinoic acid receptor antagonist (AGN 193109) acting on RARα, β, γ (NR1B1, NR1B2 NR1B3) or were cultured with pan-retinoid X receptor antagonist (UVI 3003) acting on RXR α, β, γ (retinoid X receptor, NR2B1, NR2B2, BR2B3). Using qPCR, differentiation marker and retinoid-/fatty acid metabolism-related mRNA expression was analysed. DSG1 (Desmoglein 1), KRT3 (Keratin 3), and SPINK7 (Serine Peptidase Inhibitor Kazal Type 7) mRNA expression was downregulated when retinoid derivates were used. AGN 193109 treatment led to the upregulation of ADH7, KRT3, and DSG1 mRNA expression and to the downregulation of KRT12 (Keratin 12) and KRT19 (Keratin 19) mRNA expression. Retinol and all-trans retinoic acid affect some transcripts of corneal LEC in a similar way to what has been observed in the LEC of PAX6-aniridia patients with the altered expression of differentiation markers. An elevated concentration of retinol derivatives in LEC or an altered response to retinoids may contribute to this pattern. These initial findings help to explain ocular surface epithelia differentiation disorders in PAX6-aniridia and should be investigated in patient cells or in cell models in the future in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz Latta
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Congenital Aniridia Research, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (L.L.); (I.K.); (C.B.); (T.S.); (P.K.); (C.Z.)
| | - Igor Knebel
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Congenital Aniridia Research, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (L.L.); (I.K.); (C.B.); (T.S.); (P.K.); (C.Z.)
| | - Constanze Bleil
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Congenital Aniridia Research, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (L.L.); (I.K.); (C.B.); (T.S.); (P.K.); (C.Z.)
| | - Tanja Stachon
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Congenital Aniridia Research, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (L.L.); (I.K.); (C.B.); (T.S.); (P.K.); (C.Z.)
| | - Priya Katiyar
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Congenital Aniridia Research, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (L.L.); (I.K.); (C.B.); (T.S.); (P.K.); (C.Z.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.N.F.); (B.K.-K.); (B.S.)
| | - Claire Zussy
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Congenital Aniridia Research, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (L.L.); (I.K.); (C.B.); (T.S.); (P.K.); (C.Z.)
| | - Fabian Norbert Fries
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.N.F.); (B.K.-K.); (B.S.)
| | - Barbara Käsmann-Kellner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.N.F.); (B.K.-K.); (B.S.)
| | - Berthold Seitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.N.F.); (B.K.-K.); (B.S.)
| | - Nóra Szentmáry
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Congenital Aniridia Research, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (L.L.); (I.K.); (C.B.); (T.S.); (P.K.); (C.Z.)
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Retinoic Acid Is Required for Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Production and Differentiation in the Postnatal Mouse Corpus Callosum. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0270-19.2019. [PMID: 31879367 PMCID: PMC6977210 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0270-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelination of the CNS relies on the production and differentiation of oligodendrocyte (OL) precursor cells (OPCs) into mature OLs. During the first month of postnatal life, OPCs that populate the corpus callosum (CC) arise from neural stem cells (NSCs) in the subcallosal subventricular zone (SVZ), and then differentiate to generate myelinating OLs. However, the signals that regulate these processes are not fully understood. Myelination of the CNS relies on the production and differentiation of oligodendrocyte (OL) precursor cells (OPCs) into mature OLs. During the first month of postnatal life, OPCs that populate the corpus callosum (CC) arise from neural stem cells (NSCs) in the subcallosal subventricular zone (SVZ), and then differentiate to generate myelinating OLs. However, the signals that regulate these processes are not fully understood. In this study, we show that endogenous expression of the retinoic acid (RA)-synthesizing enzyme retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (RALDH2) is required for OPC generation and differentiation in the postnatal subcortical white matter. In male and female pups, conditional deletion of Raldh2 reduced OPC numbers and differentiation. Moreover, decreased OPC numbers coincided with reductions in NSC survival and expression of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling effector protein Gli1 in the SVZ. Additionally, GFAP expression in the CC was decreased, and cortical neuron numbers were altered. Our work suggests a role for endogenous RALDH2-dependent RA synthesis in OPC production and differentiation in the CC, as well as in the development of other cell types derived from NSCs in the embryonic ventricular zone (VZ) and SVZ, as well as the postnatal subcallosal SVZ.
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Jiao M, Xia L, Chen J, Cui Z. WITHDRAWN: Demethylation of Di-Methylation of Lysine 4 on Histone 3 Is Inhibited by General Control Nondepressible 5-Induced Acetylation of Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1. Am J Med Sci 2020:S0002-9629(20)30003-3. [PMID: 31982102 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwen Jiao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lijian Xia
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhonghui Cui
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Nagpal I, Wei LN. All- trans Retinoic Acid as a Versatile Cytosolic Signal Modulator Mediated by CRABP1. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153610. [PMID: 31344789 PMCID: PMC6696438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (AtRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, is recognized for its classical action as an endocrine hormone that triggers genomic effects mediated through nuclear receptors RA receptors (RARs). New evidence shows that atRA-mediated cellular responses are biphasic with rapid and delayed responses. Most of these rapid atRA responses are the outcome of its binding to cellular retinoic acid binding protein 1 (CRABP1) that is predominantly localized in cytoplasm and binds to atRA with a high affinity. This review summarizes the most recent studies of such non-genomic outcomes of atRA and the role of CRABP1 in mediating such rapid effects in different cell types. In embryonic stem cells (ESCs), atRA-CRABP1 dampens growth factor sensitivity and stemness. In a hippocampal neural stem cell (NSC) population, atRA-CRABP1 negatively modulates NSC proliferation and affects learning and memory. In cardiomyocytes, atRA-CRABP1 prevents over-activation of calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), protecting heart function. These are supported by the fact that CRABP1 gene knockout (KO) mice exhibit multiple phenotypes including hippocampal NSC expansion and spontaneous cardiac hypertrophy. This indicates that more potential processes/signaling pathways involving atRA-CRABP1 may exist, which remain to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Nagpal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Li-Na Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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7
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Lin YL, Tsai HC, Liu PY, Benneyworth M, Wei LN. Receptor-interacting protein 140 as a co-repressor of Heat Shock Factor 1 regulates neuronal stress response. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:3203. [PMID: 29233969 PMCID: PMC5870597 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock response (HSR) is a highly conserved transcriptional program that protects organisms against various stressful conditions. However, the molecular mechanisms modulating HSR, especially the suppression of HSR, is poorly understood. Here, we found that RIP140, a wide-spectrum cofactor of nuclear hormone receptors, acts as a co-repressor of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) to suppress HSR in healthy neurons. When neurons are stressed such as by heat shock or sodium arsenite (As), cells engage specific proteosome-mediated degradation to reduce RIP140 level, thereby relieving the suppression and activating HSR. RIP140 degradation requires specific Tyr-phosphorylation by Syk that is activated in stressful conditions. Lowering RIP140 level protects hippocampal neurons from As stress, significantly it increases neuron survival and improves spine density. Reducing hippocampal RIP140 in the mouse rescues chronic As-induced spatial learning deficits. This is the first study elucidating RIP140-mediated suppression of HSF1-activated HSR in neurons and brain. Importantly, degradation of RIP140 in stressed neurons relieves this suppression, allowing neurons to efficiently and timely engage HSR programs and recover. Therefore, stimulating RIP140 degradation to activate anti-stress program provides a potential preventive or therapeutic strategy for neurodegeneration diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lung Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Hong-Chieh Tsai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Neurosurgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Yao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Michael Benneyworth
- Departments of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Li-Na Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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8
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Su LN, Song XQ, Wei HP, Yin HF. Identification of neuron-related genes for cell therapy of neurological disorders by network analysis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 18:172-182. [PMID: 28124845 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) differentiated into neurons have been widely proposed for use in cell therapy of many neurological disorders. It is therefore important to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this differentiation. We screened differentially expressed genes between immature neural tissues and untreated BMSCs to identify the genes responsible for neuronal differentiation from BMSCs. GSE68243 gene microarray data of rat BMSCs and GSE18860 gene microarray data of rat neurons were received from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Transcriptome Analysis Console software showed that 1248 genes were up-regulated and 1273 were down-regulated in neurons compared with BMSCs. Gene Ontology functional enrichment, protein-protein interaction networks, functional modules, and hub genes were analyzed using DAVID, STRING 10, BiNGO tool, and Network Analyzer software, revealing that nine hub genes, Nrcam, Sema3a, Mapk8, Dlg4, Slit1, Creb1, Ntrk2, Cntn2, and Pax6, may play a pivotal role in neuronal differentiation from BMSCs. Seven genes, Dcx, Nrcam, sema3a, Cntn2, Slit1, Ephb1, and Pax6, were shown to be hub nodes within the neuronal development network, while six genes, Fgf2, Tgfβ1, Vegfa, Serpine1, Il6, and Stat1, appeared to play an important role in suppressing neuronal differentiation. However, additional studies are required to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ning Su
- Department of Biology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075029, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Song
- Department of Biology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075029, China
| | - Hui-Ping Wei
- Department of Biology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075029, China
| | - Hai-Feng Yin
- Department of Biology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075029, China
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Hu F, Xu P, Sun B, Teng G, Xiao Z. Deep sequencing reveals complex mechanisms of microRNA regulation during retinoic acid-induced neuronal differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Genomics 2017; 109:302-311. [PMID: 28502702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) has an important role in nervous system development; exogenous RA could induce stem cells towards neural lineage cells. However, the miRNA regulation mechanism and biological process of this induction require further exploration. In this study, using high-throughput sequencing results, we evaluated the microRNA profiles of neurally differentiated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs), summarized several crucial microRNAs that profoundly contributed to the differentiation process, and speculated that several miRNAs were likely to mimic RA or other factors to induce the neuronal differentiation of stem cells. The GO terms and KEGG PATHWAY in the DAVID tool were used to elucidate the biological process of RA induction. Finally, we described a network for clarifying the relationship among the miRNAs, target genes and signaling pathways. These findings will be beneficial for understanding the induction mechanism and supporting the application of RA in stem cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gaojun Teng
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhongdang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Hou XQ, Wang L, Wang FG, Zhao XM, Zhang HT. Combination of RNA Interference and Stem Cells for Treatment of Central Nervous System Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8050135. [PMID: 28481269 PMCID: PMC5448009 DOI: 10.3390/genes8050135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi), including microRNAs, is an important player in the mediation of differentiation and migration of stem cells via target genes. It is used as a potential strategy for gene therapy for central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Stem cells are considered vectors of RNAi due to their capacity to deliver RNAi to other cells. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in studies of RNAi pathways in controlling neuronal differentiation and migration of stem cells. We also highlight the utilization of a combination of RNAi and stem cells in treatment of CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qin Hou
- Institute of Pharmacology, Taishan Medical University, Taian 271016, Shandong, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Taishan Medical University, Taian 271016, Shandong, China.
| | - Fu-Gang Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Taishan Medical University, Taian 271016, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiao-Min Zhao
- Institute of Pharmacology, Taishan Medical University, Taian 271016, Shandong, China.
| | - Han-Ting Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Taishan Medical University, Taian 271016, Shandong, China.
- Departments of Behavioral Medicine & Psychiatry and Physiology & Pharmacology, Blanchette Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
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Zhao ZR, Yu WD, Shi C, Liang R, Chen X, Feng X, Zhang X, Mu Q, Shen H, Guo JZ. Correlation between receptor-interacting protein 140 expression and directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into neural stem cells. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:118-124. [PMID: 28250757 PMCID: PMC5319216 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.198997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140) promotes neuronal differentiation of N2a cells via extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling. However, involvement of RIP140 in human neural differentiation remains unclear. We found both RIP140 and ERK1/2 expression increased during neural differentiation of H1 human embryonic stem cells. Moreover, RIP140 negatively correlated with stem cell markers Oct4 and Sox2 during early stages of neural differentiation, and positively correlated with the neural stem cell marker Nestin during later stages. Thus, ERK1/2 signaling may provide the molecular mechanism by which RIP140 takes part in neural differentiation to eventually affect the number of neurons produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Ran Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Dong Yu
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Zhu Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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Vecchi JT, Wakatsuki T. The Stagnant Adaptation of Defined and Xeno-Free Culture of iPSCs in Academia. ARCHIVES OF STEM CELL RESEARCH 2016; 3:1016. [PMID: 29333534 PMCID: PMC5766037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotent Stem Cells were originally derived and cultured using a feeder layer of cells. Movements have been undertaken to transition from this method to one more defined, high-throughput, and without xenogenic factors. Tremendous research has been done in this area and many products have been developed, however, based on our analysis of recent publications in stem cell related journals many in academia are still using older methods like a feeder layer. In this short communication, we discuss the feasibility of transitioning to defined, xeno-free methods, how a standardized method could improve the field and industry, and that a study bringing together multiple institutions comparing culture methods could be done to evaluate the efficacy of these new methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tetsuro Wakatsuki
- Corresponding author, Tetsuro Wakatsuki, 510 Charmany Dr. Suite 265, Madison, WI, USA, Tel: 608-713-0149; Fax: 888-958-2042;
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