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Capitanio D, Calledda FR, Abbonante V, Cattaneo D, Moriggi M, Niccolò B, Bucelli C, Tosi D, Gianelli U, Vannucchi AM, Iurlo A, Gelfi C, Balduini A, Malara A. Proteomic screening identifies PF4/Cxcl4 as a critical driver of myelofibrosis. Leukemia 2024:10.1038/s41375-024-02354-z. [PMID: 39025985 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Despite increased understanding of the genomic landscape of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs), the pathological mechanisms underlying abnormal megakaryocyte (Mk)-stromal crosstalk and fibrotic progression in MPNs remain unclear. We conducted mass spectrometry-based proteomics on mice with Romiplostim-dependent myelofibrosis to reveal alterations in signaling pathways and protein changes in Mks, platelets, and bone marrow (BM) cells. The chemokine Platelet Factor 4 (PF4)/Cxcl4 was up-regulated in all proteomes and increased in plasma and BM fluids of fibrotic mice. High TPO concentrations sustained in vitro PF4 synthesis and secretion in cultured Mks, while Ruxolitinib restrains the abnormal PF4 expression in vivo. We discovered that PF4 is rapidly internalized by stromal cells through surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) to promote myofibroblast differentiation. Cxcl4 gene silencing in Mks mitigated the profibrotic phenotype of stromal cells in TPO-saturated co-culture conditions. Consistently, extensive stromal PF4 uptake and altered GAGs deposition were detected in Romiplostim-treated, JAK2V617F mice and BM biopsies of MPN patients. BM PF4 levels and Mk/platelet CXCL4 expression were elevated in patients, exclusively in overt fibrosis. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of GAGs ameliorated in vivo fibrosis in Romiplostim-treated mice. Thus, our findings highlight the critical role of PF4 in the fibrosis progression of MPNs and substantiate the potential therapeutic strategy of neutralizing PF4-GAGs interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Capitanio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Vittorio Abbonante
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniele Cattaneo
- Hematology Division, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Moriggi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Bartalucci Niccolò
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Center Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM), Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Bucelli
- Hematology Division, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Delfina Tosi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, S.C. di Anatomia Patologica, ASST-Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Gianelli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, S.C. di Anatomia Patologica, ASST-Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Maria Vannucchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Center Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (CRIMM), Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Iurlo
- Hematology Division, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Malara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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2
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Abbonante V, Karkempetzaki AI, Leon C, Krishnan A, Huang N, Di Buduo CA, Cattaneo D, Ward CMT, Matsuura S, Guinard I, Weber J, De Acutis A, Vozzi G, Iurlo A, Ravid K, Balduini A. Newly identified roles for PIEZO1 mechanosensor in controlling normal megakaryocyte development and in primary myelofibrosis. Am J Hematol 2024; 99:336-349. [PMID: 38165047 PMCID: PMC10922533 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Mechanisms through which mature megakaryocytes (Mks) and their progenitors sense the bone marrow extracellular matrix to promote lineage differentiation in health and disease are still partially understood. We found PIEZO1, a mechanosensitive cation channel, to be expressed in mouse and human Mks. Human mutations in PIEZO1 have been described to be associated with blood cell disorders. Yet, a role for PIEZO1 in megakaryopoiesis and proplatelet formation has never been investigated. Here, we show that activation of PIEZO1 increases the number of immature Mks in mice, while the number of mature Mks and Mk ploidy level are reduced. Piezo1/2 knockout mice show an increase in Mk size and platelet count, both at basal state and upon marrow regeneration. Similarly, in human samples, PIEZO1 is expressed during megakaryopoiesis. Its activation reduces Mk size, ploidy, maturation, and proplatelet extension. Resulting effects of PIEZO1 activation on Mks resemble the profile in Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF). Intriguingly, Mks derived from Jak2V617F PMF mice show significantly elevated PIEZO1 expression, compared to wild-type controls. Accordingly, Mks isolated from bone marrow aspirates of JAK2V617F PMF patients show increased PIEZO1 expression compared to Essential Thrombocythemia. Most importantly, PIEZO1 expression in bone marrow Mks is inversely correlated with patient platelet count. The ploidy, maturation, and proplatelet formation of Mks from JAK2V617F PMF patients are rescued upon PIEZO1 inhibition. Together, our data suggest that PIEZO1 places a brake on Mk maturation and platelet formation in physiology, and its upregulation in PMF Mks might contribute to aggravating some hallmarks of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Abbonante
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anastasia Iris Karkempetzaki
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Catherine Leon
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anandi Krishnan
- Institute of Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, United States
| | - Nasi Huang
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Daniele Cattaneo
- Hematology Division, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Christina Marie Torres Ward
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shinobu Matsuura
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ines Guinard
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Josiane Weber
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Aurora De Acutis
- Interdepartmental Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vozzi
- Interdepartmental Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Iurlo
- Hematology Division, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Katya Ravid
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
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Sun Z, Wang B, Shen Y, Ma K, Wang T, Wang Y, Lin D. MXRA7 is involved in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet production. BLOOD SCIENCE 2023; 5:160-169. [PMID: 37546710 PMCID: PMC10400050 DOI: 10.1097/bs9.0000000000000167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix remodeling is a critical process in hematopoiesis. The biology of MXRA7, as a matrix remodeling associated gene, has still not been reported in hematopoietic process. Public databases showed that MXRA7 expressed in hematopoietic stem cells, suggesting that it may be involved in hematopoiesis. We found that the amounts of megakaryocytes were lower in bone marrow and spleen from Mxra7-/- mice compared with that from wild-type mice. Knock-out of MXRA7 also reduced the amount of platelet in peripheral blood and affected the function of platelets. Knock-out of MXRA7 inhibited hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells differentiate to megakaryocytes possibly through down-regulating the expression of GATA-1 and FOG-1. Moreover, knockdown of MXRA7 in MEG-01 cells could inhibit the cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. Knockdown of MXRA7 inhibited the differentiation of MEG-01 cells and proplatelet formation through suppressing the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway and the expression of β-tubulin. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated the potential significance of MXRA7 in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet production. The novel findings proposed a new target for the treatment of platelet-related diseases, and much more investigations are guaranteed to dissect the mechanisms of MXRA7 in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Sun
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Benfang Wang
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University, Jiangyin 214400, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Kunpeng Ma
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yiqiang Wang
- Wisdom Lake Academy of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dandan Lin
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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Douté M, Sannier A, Even G, Tran TT, Gaston AT, Delbosc S, Loyau S, Bruneval P, Witko-Sarsat V, Mouthon L, Nicoletti A, Caligiuri G, Clement M. Thrombopoietin-Dependent Myelo-Megakaryopoiesis Fuels Thromboinflammation and Worsens Antibody-Mediated Chronic Renal Microvascular Injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:1207-1221. [PMID: 37022108 PMCID: PMC10356147 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Kidney-derived thrombopoietin (TPO) increases myeloid cell and platelet production during antibody-mediated chronic kidney disease (AMCKD) in a mouse model, exacerbating chronic thromobinflammation in microvessels. The effect is mirrored in patients with extracapillary glomerulonephritis associated with thromboinflammation, TGF β -dependent glomerulosclerosis, and increased bioavailability of TPO. Neutralization of TPO in mice normalized hematopoiesis, reduced chronic thromboinflammation, and ameliorated renal disease. The findings suggest that TPO is a relevant biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for patients with CKD and other chronic thromboinflammatory diseases.Neutralization of TPO in mice normalized hematopoiesis, reduced chronic thromboinflammation, and ameliorated renal disease. The findings suggest that TPO is a relevant biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for patients with CKD and other chronic thromboinflammatory diseases. BACKGROUND Chronic thromboinflammation provokes microvascular alterations and rarefaction, promoting organ dysfunction in individuals with various life-threatening diseases. Hematopoietic growth factors (HGFs) released by the affected organ may sustain emergency hematopoiesis and fuel the thromboinflammatory process. METHODS Using a murine model of antibody-mediated chronic kidney disease (AMCKD) and pharmacological interventions, we comprehensively monitored the response to injury in the circulating blood, urine, bone marrow, and kidney. RESULTS Experimental AMCKD was associated with chronic thromboinflammation and the production of HGFs, especially thrombopoietin (TPO), by the injured kidney, which stimulated and skewed hematopoiesis toward myelo-megakaryopoiesis. AMCKD was characterized by vascular and kidney dysfunction, TGF β -dependent glomerulosclerosis, and microvascular rarefaction. In humans, extracapillary glomerulonephritis is associated with thromboinflammation, TGF β -dependent glomerulosclerosis, and increased bioavailability of TPO. Analysis of albumin, HGF, and inflammatory cytokine levels in sera from patients with extracapillary glomerulonephritis allowed us to identify treatment responders. Strikingly, TPO neutralization in the experimental AMCKD model normalized hematopoiesis, reduced chronic thromboinflammation, and ameliorated renal disease. CONCLUSION TPO-skewed hematopoiesis exacerbates chronic thromboinflammation in microvessels and worsens AMCKD. TPO is both a relevant biomarker and a promising therapeutic target in humans with CKD and other chronic thromboinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélodie Douté
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for vascular science (LVTS), Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Sannier
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for vascular science (LVTS), Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Even
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for vascular science (LVTS), Paris, France
| | - Thi-Thu Tran
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for vascular science (LVTS), Paris, France
| | - Ahn-Tu Gaston
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for vascular science (LVTS), Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Delbosc
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for vascular science (LVTS), Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Loyau
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for vascular science (LVTS), Paris, France
| | - Patrick Bruneval
- Departments of Nephrology Pathology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Witko-Sarsat
- Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Luc Mouthon
- Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence Maladies Autoimmunes Systémiques Rares d'Ile de France, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CUP-CUP, Hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Antonino Nicoletti
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for vascular science (LVTS), Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
| | - Giuseppina Caligiuri
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for vascular science (LVTS), Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
- Department of Cardiology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Nord Val-de-Seine, Site Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Marc Clement
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1148, Laboratory for vascular science (LVTS), Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France
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Di Buduo CA, Miguel CP, Balduini A. Inside-to-outside and back to the future of megakaryopoiesis. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:100197. [PMID: 37416054 PMCID: PMC10320384 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.100197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A State of the Art lecture titled "Megakaryocytes and different thrombopoietic environments" was presented at the ISTH Congress in 2022. Circulating platelets are specialized cells produced by megakaryocytes. Leading studies point to the bone marrow niche as the core of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation, revealing interesting and complex environmental factors for consideration. Megakaryocytes take cues from the physiochemical bone marrow microenvironment, which includes cell-cell interactions, contact with extracellular matrix components, and flow generated by blood circulation in the sinusoidal lumen. Germinal and acquired mutations in hematopoietic stem cells may manifest in altered megakaryocyte maturation, proliferation, and platelet production. Diseased megakaryopoiesis may also cause modifications of the entire hematopoietic niche, highlighting the central role of megakaryocytes in the control of physiologic bone marrow homeostasis. Tissue-engineering approaches have been developed to translate knowledge from in vivo (inside) to functional mimics of native tissue ex vivo (outside). Reproducing the thrombopoietic environment is instrumental to gain new insight into its activity and answering the growing demand for human platelets for fundamental studies and clinical applications. In this review, we discuss the major achievements on this topic, and finally, we summarize relevant new data presented during the 2022 ISTH Congress that pave the road to the future of megakaryopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
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Abbonante V, Malara A, Chrisam M, Metti S, Soprano P, Semplicini C, Bello L, Bozzi V, Battiston M, Pecci A, Pegoraro E, De Marco L, Braghetta P, Bonaldo P, Balduini A. Lack of COL6/collagen VI causes megakaryocyte dysfunction by impairing autophagy and inducing apoptosis. Autophagy 2023; 19:984-999. [PMID: 35857791 PMCID: PMC9980446 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress is an emerging significant player in the molecular pathology of connective tissue disorders. In response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, cells can upregulate macroautophagy/autophagy, a fundamental cellular homeostatic process used by cells to degrade and recycle proteins or remove damaged organelles. In these scenarios, autophagy activation can support cell survival. Here we demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo approaches that megakaryocytes derived from col6a1-⁄- (collagen, type VI, alpha 1) null mice display increased intracellular retention of COL6 polypeptides, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. The unfolded protein response is activated in col6a1-⁄- megakaryocytes, as evidenced by the upregulation of molecular chaperones, by the increased splicing of Xbp1 mRNA and by the higher level of the pro-apoptotic regulator DDIT3/CHOP. Despite the endoplasmic reticulum stress, basal autophagy is impaired in col6a1-⁄- megakaryocytes, which show lower BECN1 levels and reduced autophagosome maturation. Starvation and rapamycin treatment rescue the autophagic flux in col6a1-⁄- megakaryocytes, leading to a decrease in intracellular COL6 polypeptide retention, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. Furthermore, megakaryocytes cultured from peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitors of patients affected by Bethlem myopathy and Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy, two COL6-related disorders, displayed increased apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress and impaired autophagy. These data demonstrate that genetic disorders of collagens, endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy regulation in megakaryocytes may be interrelated.Abbreviations: 7-AAD: 7-amino-actinomycin D; ATF: activating transcriptional factor; BAX: BCL2 associated X protein; BCL2: B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2; BCL2L1/Bcl-xL: BCL2-like 1; BM: bone marrow; COL6: collagen, type VI; col6a1-⁄-: mice that are null for Col6a1; DDIT3/CHOP/GADD153: DNA-damage inducible transcript 3; EGFP: enhanced green fluorescent protein; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; reticulophagy: endoplasmic reticulum-selective autophagy; HSPA5/Bip: heat shock protein 5; HSP90B1/GRP94: heat shock protein 90, beta (Grp94), member 1; LAMP2: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; Mk: megakaryocytes; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NIMV: noninvasive mechanical ventilation; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PPP1R15A/GADD34: protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 15A; RT-qPCR: reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SERPINH1/HSP47: serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade H, member 1; sh-RNA: short hairpin RNA; SOCE: store operated calcium entry; UCMD: Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy; UPR: unfolded protein response; WIPI2: WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide-interacting 2; WT: wild type; XBP1: X-box binding protein 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Abbonante
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Biochemistry-Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandro Malara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Biochemistry-Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Chrisam
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Samuele Metti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Soprano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Biochemistry-Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Luca Bello
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Valeria Bozzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Monica Battiston
- Department of Translational Research, Stem Cell Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pecci
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Pegoraro
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Luigi De Marco
- Department of Translational Research, Stem Cell Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, SCRIPPS Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Paola Braghetta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Biochemistry-Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
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Verachi P, Gobbo F, Martelli F, Falchi M, di Virgilio A, Sarli G, Wilke C, Bruederle A, Prahallad A, Arciprete F, Zingariello M, Migliaccio AR. Preclinical studies on the use of a P-selectin-blocking monoclonal antibody to halt progression of myelofibrosis in the Gata1 low mouse model. Exp Hematol 2023; 117:43-61. [PMID: 36191885 PMCID: PMC10450205 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) and spleen from patients with myelofibrosis (MF), as well as those from the Gata1low mouse model of the disease contain increased number of abnormal megakaryocytes. These cells express high levels of the adhesion receptor P-selectin on their surface, which triggers a pathologic neutrophil emperipolesis, leading to increased bioavailability of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the microenvironment and disease progression. With age, Gata1low mice develop a phenotype similar to that of patients with MF, which is the most severe of the Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms. We previously demonstrated that Gata1low mice lacking the P-selectin gene do not develop MF. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that pharmacologic inhibition of P-selectin may normalize the phenotype of Gata1low mice that have already developed MF. To test this hypothesis, we have investigated the phenotype expressed by aged Gata1low mice treated with the antimouse monoclonal antibody RB40.34, alone and also in combination with ruxolitinib. The results indicated that RB40.34 in combination with ruxolitinib normalizes the phenotype of Gata1low mice with limited toxicity by reducing fibrosis and the content of TGF-β and CXCL1 (two drivers of fibrosis in this model) in the BM and spleen and by restoring hematopoiesis in the BM and the architecture of the spleen. In conclusion, we provide preclinical evidence that treatment with an antibody against P-selectin in combination with ruxolitinib may be more effective than ruxolitinib alone to treat MF in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Verachi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Gobbo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Martelli
- National Center for Preclinical and Clinical Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Drugs, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Falchi
- National Center for HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio di Virgilio
- Center for Animal Experimentation and Well-being, Istituto Superiore di Santà, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sarli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Francesca Arciprete
- Unit of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Zingariello
- Unit of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Migliaccio
- Unit of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy; Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA.
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8
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IL-13/IL-4 signaling contributes to fibrotic progression of the myeloproliferative neoplasms. Blood 2022; 140:2805-2817. [PMID: 36283106 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelofibrosis (MF) is a disease associated with high unmet medical needs because allogeneic stem cell transplantation is not an option for most patients, and JAK inhibitors are generally effective for only 2 to 3 years and do not delay disease progression. MF is characterized by dysplastic megakaryocytic hyperplasia and progression to fulminant disease, which is associated with progressively increasing marrow fibrosis. Despite evidence that the inflammatory milieu in MF contributes to disease progression, the specific factors that promote megakaryocyte growth are poorly understood. Here, we analyzed changes in the cytokine profiles of MF mouse models before and after the development of fibrosis, coupled with the analysis of bone marrow populations using single-cell RNA sequencing. We found high interleukin 13 (IL-13) levels in the bone marrow of MF mice. IL-13 promoted the growth of mutant megakaryocytes and induced surface expression of transforming growth factor β and collagen biosynthesis. Similarly, analysis of samples from patients with MF revealed elevated levels of IL-13 in the plasma and increased IL-13 receptor expression in marrow megakaryocytes. In vivo, IL-13 overexpression promoted disease progression, whereas reducing IL-13/IL-4 signaling reduced several features of the disease, including fibrosis. Finally, we observed an increase in the number of marrow T cells and mast cells, which are known sources of IL-13. Together, our data demonstrate that IL-13 is involved in disease progression in MF and that inhibition of the IL-13/IL-4 signaling pathway might serve as a novel therapeutic target to treat MF.
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9
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Migliaccio AR, Balduini A, Zhan H. Editorial: Megakaryocytes as regulators of tumor microenvironments. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1090658. [PMID: 36505825 PMCID: PMC9732936 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1090658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Migliaccio
- Center for Integrated Biomedical Research, Campus Bio-medico, Rome, Italy
- Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Huichun Zhan
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Medical Service, Northport VA Medical Center, Northport, NY, United States
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10
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A Novel Morphological Parameter Predicting Fibrotic Evolution in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: New Evidence and Molecular Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147872. [PMID: 35887218 PMCID: PMC9322985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) represent a group of hematological disorders that are traditionally considered as indistinct slow progressing conditions; still, a subset of cases shows a rapid evolution towards myelofibrotic bone marrow failure. Specific abnormalities in the megakaryocyte lineage seem to play a central role in this evolution, especially in the bone marrow fibrosis but also in the induction of myeloproliferation. In this review, we analyze the current knowledge of prognostic factors of MPNs related to their evolution to myelofibrotic bone marrow failure. Moreover, we focused the role of the megakaryocytic lineage in the various stages of MPNs, with updated examples of MPNs in vitro and in vivo models and new therapeutic implications.
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11
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Davenport P, Liu ZJ, Sola-Visner M. Fetal vs adult megakaryopoiesis. Blood 2022; 139:3233-3244. [PMID: 35108353 PMCID: PMC9164738 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020009301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal and neonatal megakaryocyte progenitors are hyperproliferative compared with adult progenitors and generate a large number of small, low-ploidy megakaryocytes. Historically, these developmental differences have been interpreted as "immaturity." However, more recent studies have demonstrated that the small, low-ploidy fetal and neonatal megakaryocytes have all the characteristics of adult polyploid megakaryocytes, including the presence of granules, a well-developed demarcation membrane system, and proplatelet formation. Thus, rather than immaturity, the features of fetal and neonatal megakaryopoiesis reflect a developmentally unique uncoupling of proliferation, polyploidization, and cytoplasmic maturation, which allows fetuses and neonates to populate their rapidly expanding bone marrow and blood volume. At the molecular level, the features of fetal and neonatal megakaryopoiesis are the result of a complex interplay of developmentally regulated pathways and environmental signals from the different hematopoietic niches. Over the past few years, studies have challenged traditional paradigms about the origin of the megakaryocyte lineage in both fetal and adult life, and the application of single-cell RNA sequencing has led to a better characterization of embryonic, fetal, and adult megakaryocytes. In particular, a growing body of data suggests that at all stages of development, the various functions of megakaryocytes are not fulfilled by the megakaryocyte population as a whole, but rather by distinct megakaryocyte subpopulations with dedicated roles. Finally, recent studies have provided novel insights into the mechanisms underlying developmental disorders of megakaryopoiesis, which either uniquely affect fetuses and neonates or have different clinical presentations in neonatal compared with adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Davenport
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Zhi-Jian Liu
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Martha Sola-Visner
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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12
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Tarantini F, Cumbo C, Anelli L, Zagaria A, Conserva MR, Redavid I, Specchia G, Musto P, Albano F. Exploring the Potential of Eltrombopag: Room for More? Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:906036. [PMID: 35677428 PMCID: PMC9168361 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.906036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its introduction in clinical practice, eltrombopag (ELT) has demonstrated efficacy in heterogeneous clinical contexts, encompassing both benign and malignant diseases, thus leading researchers to make a more in-depth study of its mechanism of action. As a result, a growing body of evidence demonstrates that ELT displays many effects ranging from native thrombopoietin agonism to immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic properties. These features collectively explain ELT effectiveness in a broad spectrum of indications; moreover, they suggest that ELT could be effective in different, challenging clinical scenarios. We reviewed the extended ELT mechanism of action in various diseases, with the aim of further exploring its full potential and hypothesize new, fascinating indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tarantini
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Cosimo Cumbo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Anelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Zagaria
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Conserva
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Immacolata Redavid
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Pellegrino Musto
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Albano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- *Correspondence: Francesco Albano,
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13
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Megakaryocyte/platelet-derived TGF-β1 inhibits megakaryopoiesis in bone marrow by regulating thrombopoietin production in liver. Blood Adv 2022; 6:3321-3328. [PMID: 35358295 PMCID: PMC9198906 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) regulates a wide variety of events in the adult bone marrow, including quiescence of hematopoietic stem cells, via an undefined mechanism. Because megakaryocyte/platelets are a rich source of TGF-β1, we assessed whether TGF-β1 might inhibit its own production by comparing mice with conditional inactivation of Tgfb1 in megakaryocytes (PF4Cre;Tgfb1flox/flox) and control mice. PF4Cre;Tgfb1flox/flox mice had ~30% more megakaryocytes in BM and ~15% more circulating platelets than control mice (p<0.001). Thrombopoietin (TPO) levels in plasma and TPO expression in liver were ~2-fold higher in PF4Cre;Tgfb1flox/flox than in control mice (p<0.01), whereas the TPO expression in BM cells was similar between these mice. In BM cell culture, TPO treatment increased the number of megakaryocytes from WT-mice by ~3-fold, which increased a further ~2-fold in the presence of a TGF-β1-neutralizing antibody, and increased the number of megakaryocytes from PF4Cre;Tgfb1flox/flox mice ~5-fold. Our data reveal a new role for TGF-β1 produced by megakaryocyte/platelets in regulating its own production in BM via increasing TPO production in the liver. Further studies are required to determine the mechanism.
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14
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Verachi P, Gobbo F, Martelli F, Martinelli A, Sarli G, Dunbar A, Levine RL, Hoffman R, Massucci MT, Brandolini L, Giorgio C, Allegretti M, Migliaccio AR. The CXCR1/CXCR2 Inhibitor Reparixin Alters the Development of Myelofibrosis in the Gata1 low Mice. Front Oncol 2022; 12:853484. [PMID: 35392239 PMCID: PMC8982152 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.853484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A major role for human (h)CXCL8 (interleukin-8) in the pathobiology of myelofibrosis (MF) has been suggested by observations indicating that MF megakaryocytes express increased levels of hCXCL8 and that plasma levels of this cytokine in MF patients are predictive of poor patient outcomes. Here, we demonstrate that, in addition to high levels of TGF-β, the megakaryocytes from the bone marrow of the Gata1 low mouse model of myelofibrosis express high levels of murine (m)CXCL1, the murine equivalent of hCXCL8, and its receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. Treatment with the CXCR1/R2 inhibitor, Reparixin in aged-matched Gata1 low mice demonstrated reductions in bone marrow and splenic fibrosis. Of note, the levels of fibrosis detected using two independent methods (Gomori and reticulin staining) were inversely correlated with plasma levels of Reparixin. Immunostaining of marrow sections indicated that the bone marrow from the Reparixin-treated group expressed lower levels of TGF-β1 than those expressed by the bone marrow from vehicle-treated mice while the levels of mCXCL1, and expression of CXCR1 and CXCR2, were similar to that of vehicle-treated mice. Moreover, immunofluorescence analyses performed on bone marrow sections from Gata1 low mice indicated that treatment with Reparixin induced expression of GATA1 while reducing expression of collagen III in megakaryocytes. These data suggest that in Gata1low mice, Reparixin reduces fibrosis by reducing TGF-β1 and collagen III expression while increasing GATA1 in megakaryocytes. Our results provide a preclinical rationale for further evaluation of this drug alone and in combination with current JAK inhibitor therapy for the treatment of patients with myelofibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Verachi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Gobbo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Martelli
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Martinelli
- Center for Animal Experimentation and Well-Being, Istituto Superiore di Santà, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sarli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrew Dunbar
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine and Center for Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ross L. Levine
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine and Center for Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ronald Hoffman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Anna Rita Migliaccio
- Center for Integrated Biomedical Research, Campus Bio-medico, Rome, Italy
- Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA, United States
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15
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Bilko DI, Dyagil IS, Chaikovsky YB. Morphofunctional Features of Hematopoietic Bone Marrow Progenitor Cells in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Long-Term Culture of Gel Diffusion Chambers In Vivo. CYTOL GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452722010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Migliaccio AR. A Novel Megakaryocyte Subpopulation Poised to Exert the Function of HSC Niche as Possible Driver of Myelofibrosis. Cells 2021; 10:3302. [PMID: 34943811 PMCID: PMC8699046 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Careful morphological investigations, coupled with experimental hematology studies in animal models and in in vitro human cultures, have identified that platelets are released in the circulation by mature megakaryocytes generated by hematopoietic stem cells by giving rise to lineage-restricted progenitor cells and then to morphologically recognizable megakaryocyte precursors, which undergo a process of terminal maturation. Advances in single cell profilings are revolutionizing the process of megakaryocytopoiesis as we have known it up to now. They identify that, in addition to megakaryocytes responsible for producing platelets, hematopoietic stem cells may generate megakaryocytes, which exert either immune functions in the lung or niche functions in organs that undergo tissue repair. Furthermore, it has been discovered that, in addition to hematopoietic stem cells, during ontogeny, and possibly in adult life, megakaryocytes may be generated by a subclass of specialized endothelial precursors. These concepts shed new light on the etiology of myelofibrosis, the most severe of the Philadelphia negative myeloproliferative neoplasms, and possibly other disorders. This perspective will summarize these novel concepts in thrombopoiesis and discuss how they provide a framework to reconciliate some of the puzzling data published so far on the etiology of myelofibrosis and their implications for the therapy of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Migliaccio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University, 00128 Rome, Italy; or amigliaccio.altius.org
- Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
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17
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Bone marrow microenvironment of MPN cells. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 34756245 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we will discuss the current knowledge concerning the alterations of the cellular components in the bone marrow niche in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs), highlighting the central role of the megakaryocytes in MPN progression, and the extracellular matrix components characterizing the fibrotic bone marrow.
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18
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Olschok K, Han L, de Toledo MAS, Böhnke J, Graßhoff M, Costa IG, Theocharides A, Maurer A, Schüler HM, Buhl EM, Pannen K, Baumeister J, Kalmer M, Gupta S, Boor P, Gezer D, Brümmendorf TH, Zenke M, Chatain N, Koschmieder S. CALR frameshift mutations in MPN patient-derived iPSCs accelerate maturation of megakaryocytes. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:2768-2783. [PMID: 34678208 PMCID: PMC8581168 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin (CALR) mutations are driver mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), leading to activation of the thrombopoietin receptor and causing abnormal megakaryopoiesis. Here, we generated patient-derived CALRins5- or CALRdel52-positive induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to establish an MPN disease model for molecular and mechanistic studies. We demonstrated myeloperoxidase deficiency in granulocytic cells derived from homozygous CALR mutant iPSCs, rescued by repairing the mutation using CRISPR/Cas9. iPSC-derived megakaryocytes showed characteristics of primary megakaryocytes such as formation of demarcation membrane system and cytoplasmic pro-platelet protrusions. Importantly, CALR mutations led to enhanced megakaryopoiesis and accelerated megakaryocytic development in a thrombopoietin-independent manner. Mechanistically, our study identified differentially regulated pathways in mutated versus unmutated megakaryocytes, such as hypoxia signaling, which represents a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Altogether, we demonstrate key aspects of mutated CALR-driven pathogenesis dependent on its zygosity, and found novel therapeutic targets, making our model a valuable tool for clinical drug screening in MPNs. CALR-mutated iPSCs allow efficient modeling of human MPN disease CRISPR-mediated repair of CALR mutations rescues normal iPSC function Megakaryopoiesis in CALR-mutated iPSCs is hyperplastic and accelerated Transcriptome screen of mutated megakaryocytes identifies novel therapeutic options
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Olschok
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Lijuan Han
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany; Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Marcelo A S de Toledo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Janik Böhnke
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Graßhoff
- Institute for Computational Genomics Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ivan G Costa
- Institute for Computational Genomics Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexandre Theocharides
- Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angela Maurer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Herdit M Schüler
- Institute for Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eva Miriam Buhl
- Institute for Pathology, Electron Microscopy Facility, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kristina Pannen
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Julian Baumeister
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Milena Kalmer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Siddharth Gupta
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute for Pathology, Electron Microscopy Facility, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Deniz Gezer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim H Brümmendorf
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Zenke
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Chatain
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Steffen Koschmieder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany.
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19
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Martelli F, Verachi P, Zingariello M, Mazzarini M, Vannucchi AM, Lonetti A, Bacci B, Sarli G, Migliaccio AR. hGATA1 Under the Control of a μLCR/β-Globin Promoter Rescues the Erythroid but Not the Megakaryocytic Phenotype Induced by the Gata1 low Mutation in Mice. Front Genet 2021; 12:720552. [PMID: 34707640 PMCID: PMC8542976 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.720552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenotype of mice carrying the Gata1low mutation that decreases expression of Gata1 in erythroid cells and megakaryocytes, includes anemia, thrombocytopenia, hematopoietic failure in bone marrow and development of extramedullary hematopoiesis in spleen. With age, these mice develop myelofibrosis, a disease sustained by alterations in stem/progenitor cells and megakaryocytes. This study analyzed the capacity of hGATA1 driven by a μLCR/β-globin promoter to rescue the phenotype induced by the Gata1low mutation in mice. Double hGATA1/Gata1low/0 mice were viable at birth with hematocrits greater than those of their Gata1low/0 littermates but platelet counts remained lower than normal. hGATA1 mRNA was expressed by progenitor and erythroid cells from double mutant mice but not by megakaryocytes analyzed in parallel. The erythroid cells from hGATA1/Gata1low/0 mice expressed greater levels of GATA1 protein and of α- and β-globin mRNA than cells from Gata1low/0 littermates and a reduced number of them was in apoptosis. By contrast, hGATA1/Gata1low/0 megakaryocytes expressed barely detectable levels of GATA1 and their expression of acetylcholinesterase, Von Willebrand factor and platelet factor 4 as well as their morphology remained altered. In comparison with Gata1+/0 littermates, Gata1low/0 mice contained significantly lower total and progenitor cell numbers in bone marrow while the number of these cells in spleen was greater than normal. The presence of hGATA1 greatly increased the total cell number in the bone marrow of Gata1low/0 mice and, although did not affect the total cell number of the spleen which remained greater than normal, it reduced the frequency of progenitor cells in this organ. The ability of hGATA1 to rescue the hematopoietic functions of the bone marrow of the double mutants was confirmed by the observation that these mice survive well splenectomy and did not develop myelofibrosis with age. These results indicate that hGATA1 under the control of µLCR/β-globin promoter is expressed in adult progenitors and erythroid cells but not in megakaryocytes rescuing the erythroid but not the megakaryocyte defect induced by the Gata1low/0 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Martelli
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Verachi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Zingariello
- Unit of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Mazzarini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro M Vannucchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Center of Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative neoplasms (CRIMM), AOU Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Annalisa Lonetti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Bacci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sarli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Migliaccio
- Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Research Consortium, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
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20
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Ablation of Collagen VI leads to the release of platelets with altered function. Blood Adv 2021; 5:5150-5163. [PMID: 34547769 PMCID: PMC9153009 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes express collagen VI that regulates the release of functional platelets. Collagen VI–null megakaryocytes and platelets display increased mTOR signaling and store-operated calcium entry.
Hemostatic abnormalities and impaired platelet function have been described in patients affected by connective tissue disorders. We observed a moderate bleeding tendency in patients affected by collagen VI–related disorders and investigated the defects in platelet functionality, whose mechanisms are unknown. We demonstrated that megakaryocytes express collagen VI that is involved in the regulation of functional platelet production. By exploiting a collagen VI–null mouse model (Col6a1−/−), we found that collagen VI–null platelets display significantly increased susceptibility to activation and intracellular calcium signaling. Col6a1−/− megakaryocytes and platelets showed increased expression of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and ORAI1, the components of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), and activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. In vivo mTOR inhibition by rapamycin reduced STIM1 and ORAI1 expression and calcium flows, resulting in a normalization of platelet susceptibility to activation. These defects were cell autonomous, because transplantation of lineage-negative bone marrow cells from Col6a1−/− mice into lethally irradiated wild-type animals showed the same alteration in SOCE and platelet activation seen in Col6a1−/− mice. Peripheral blood platelets of patients affected by collagen VI–related diseases, Bethlem myopathy and Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy, displayed increased expression of STIM1 and ORAI1 and were more prone to activation. Altogether, these data demonstrate the importance of collagen VI in the production of functional platelets by megakaryocytes in mouse models and in collagen VI–related diseases.
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21
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Lozano ML, Segú-Vergés C, Coma M, Álvarez-Roman MT, González-Porras JR, Gutiérrez L, Valcárcel D, Butta N. Elucidating the Mechanism of Action of the Attributed Immunomodulatory Role of Eltrombopag in Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia: An In Silico Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136907. [PMID: 34199099 PMCID: PMC8269123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eltrombopag is a thrombopoietin receptor (MPL) agonist approved for the treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Recent evidence shows that some patients may sustain platelet counts following eltrombopag discontinuation. The systemic immunomodulatory response that resolves ITP in some patients could result from an increase in platelet mass, caused either by the direct action of eltrombopag on megakaryocytes through MPL stimulation, or potential MPL-independent actions on other cell types. To uncover the possible mechanisms of action of eltrombopag, in silico analyses were performed, including a systems biology-based approach, a therapeutic performance mapping system, and structural analyses. Through manual curation of the available bibliography, 56 key proteins were identified and integrated into the ITP interactome analysis. Mathematical models (94.92% mean accuracy) were obtained to elucidate potential MPL-dependent pathways in non-megakaryocytic cell subtypes. In addition to the effects on megakaryocytes and platelet numbers, the results were consistent with MPL-mediated effects on other cells, which could involve interferon-gamma, transforming growth factor-beta, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, and forkhead box protein P3 pathways. Structural analyses indicated that effects on three apoptosis-related proteins (BCL2L1, BCL2, BAX) from the Bcl-2 family may be off-target effects of eltrombopag. In conclusion, this study proposes new hypotheses regarding the immunomodulatory functions of eltrombopag in patients with ITP.
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MESH Headings
- Benzoates/chemistry
- Benzoates/pharmacology
- Benzoates/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers
- Disease Management
- Disease Susceptibility
- Humans
- Hydrazines/chemistry
- Hydrazines/pharmacology
- Hydrazines/therapeutic use
- Immunomodulation/drug effects
- Models, Biological
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Protein Interaction Mapping
- Protein Interaction Maps
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/drug therapy
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/etiology
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic/metabolism
- Pyrazoles/chemistry
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Pyrazoles/therapeutic use
- Receptors, Thrombopoietin/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Thrombopoietin/chemistry
- Receptors, Thrombopoietin/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L. Lozano
- Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, CB15/00055-CIBERER, 30007 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.L.L.); (N.B.)
| | - Cristina Segú-Vergés
- Anaxomics Biotech S.L., Diputació 237, 1°, 1, 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (C.S.-V.); (M.C.)
| | - Mireia Coma
- Anaxomics Biotech S.L., Diputació 237, 1°, 1, 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (C.S.-V.); (M.C.)
| | - María T. Álvarez-Roman
- Unidad de Trombosis y Hemostasia, Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José R. González-Porras
- Unidad de Hemostasia y Trombosis, Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Laura Gutiérrez
- Grupo de Investigación en Plaquetas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain;
| | - David Valcárcel
- Servicio Hematología, Vall d´Hebron Insitute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Univesitario Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Centro Cellex, Natzaret, 115-117, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Nora Butta
- Instituto de Investigación HospitaUniversitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.L.L.); (N.B.)
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22
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Di Buduo CA, Laurent PA, Zaninetti C, Lordier L, Soprano PM, Ntai A, Barozzi S, La Spada A, Biunno I, Raslova H, Bussel JB, Kaplan DL, Balduini CL, Pecci A, Balduini A. Miniaturized 3D bone marrow tissue model to assess response to Thrombopoietin-receptor agonists in patients. eLife 2021; 10:58775. [PMID: 34059198 PMCID: PMC8169123 DOI: 10.7554/elife.58775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombocytopenic disorders have been treated with the Thrombopoietin-receptor agonist Eltrombopag. Patients with the same apparent form of thrombocytopenia may respond differently to the treatment. We describe a miniaturized bone marrow tissue model that provides a screening bioreactor for personalized, pre-treatment response prediction to Eltrombopag for individual patients. Using silk fibroin, a 3D bone marrow niche was developed that reproduces platelet biogenesis. Hematopoietic progenitors were isolated from a small amount of peripheral blood of patients with mutations in ANKRD26 and MYH9 genes, who had previously received Eltrombopag. The ex vivo response was strongly correlated with the in vivo platelet response. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) from one patient with mutated MYH9 differentiated into functional megakaryocytes that responded to Eltrombopag. Combining patient-derived cells and iPSCs with the 3D bone marrow model technology allows having a reproducible system for studying drug mechanisms and for individualized, pre-treatment selection of effective therapy in Inherited Thrombocytopenias. Platelets are tiny cell fragments essential for blood to clot. They are created and released into the bloodstream by megakaryocytes, giant cells that live in the bone marrow. In certain genetic diseases, such as Inherited Thrombocytopenia, the bone marrow fails to produce enough platelets: this leaves patients extremely susceptible to bruising, bleeding, and poor clotting after an injury or surgery. Certain patients with Inherited Thrombocytopenia respond well to treatments designed to boost platelet production, but others do not. Why these differences exist could be investigated by designing new test systems that recreate the form and function of bone marrow in the laboratory. However, it is challenging to build the complex and poorly understood bone marrow environment outside of the body. Here, Di Buduo et al. have developed an artificial three-dimensional miniature organ bioreactor system that recreates the key features of bone marrow. In this system, megakaryocytes were grown from patient blood samples, and hooked up to a tissue scaffold made of silk. The cells were able to grow as if they were in their normal environment, and they could shed platelets into an artificial bloodstream. After treating megakaryocytes with drugs to stimulate platelet production, Di Buduo et al. found that the number of platelets recovered from the bioreactor could accurately predict which patients would respond to these drugs in the clinic. This new test system enables researchers to predict how a patient will respond to treatment, and to tailor therapy options to each individual. This technology could also be used to test new drugs for Inherited Thrombocytopenias and other blood-related diseases; if scaled-up, it could also, one day, generate large quantities of lab-grown blood cells for transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlo Zaninetti
- Department of Internal Medicine, I.R.C.C.S. San Matteo Foundation and the University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Larissa Lordier
- UMR 1170, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Paolo M Soprano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Aikaterini Ntai
- Integrated Systems Engineering, Milano, Italy.,Isenet Biobanking, Milano, Italy
| | - Serena Barozzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, I.R.C.C.S. San Matteo Foundation and the University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alberto La Spada
- Integrated Systems Engineering, Milano, Italy.,Isenet Biobanking, Milano, Italy
| | - Ida Biunno
- Isenet Biobanking, Milano, Italy.,Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research-CNR, Milano, Italy
| | - Hana Raslova
- UMR 1170, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - James B Bussel
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, United States
| | - Carlo L Balduini
- Department of Internal Medicine, I.R.C.C.S. San Matteo Foundation and the University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pecci
- Department of Internal Medicine, I.R.C.C.S. San Matteo Foundation and the University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, United States
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23
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Balduini A, Fava C, Di Buduo CA, Abbonante V, Meneguzzi A, Soprano PM, Taus F, Castelli M, Giontella A, Dovizio M, Tacconelli S, Patrignani P, Minuz P. Expression and functional characterization of the large-conductance calcium and voltage-activated potassium channel K ca 1.1 in megakaryocytes and platelets. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:1558-1571. [PMID: 33590615 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play important roles in cell function regulation modulating ionic cell permeability. In megakaryocytes and platelets, regulated ion flows have been demonstrated to modulate platelet production and function. However, a relatively limited characterization of ion channel expression and function is available in the human megakaryocyte-platelet lineage. OBJECTIVE We analyzed the expression and function of the large-conductance calcium and voltage-activated potassium channel Kca 1.1 (also known as Maxi-K, BK, slo1) in human megakaryocytes and platelets. METHODS To investigate the functionality of Kca 1.1, we exploited different agonists (BMS-191011, NS1619, NS11021, epoxyeicosatrienoic acid isoforms) and inhibitors (iberiotoxin, penitrem A) of the channel. RESULTS In megakaryocytes, Kca 1.1 agonists determined a decreased proplatelet formation and altered interaction with the extracellular matrix. Analysis of the actin cytoskeleton demonstrated a significant decrease in megakaryocyte spreading and adhesion to collagen. In platelets, the opening of the channel Kca 1.1 led to a reduced sensitivity to agonists with blunted aggregation in response to ADP, with an inhibitory capacity additive to that of aspirin. The Kca 1.1 agonists, but not the inhibitors, determined a reduction of platelet adhesion and aggregation onto immobilized collagen underflow to an extent similar to that of aspirin and ticagrelor. The opening of the Kca 1.1 resulted in cell hyperpolarization impairing free intracellular calcium in ADP-stimulated platelets and megakaryocytes. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals new mechanisms in platelet formation and activation, suggesting that targeting Kca 1.1 channels might be of potential pharmacological interest in hemostasis and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnosis, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Cristiano Fava
- Section of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Christian A Di Buduo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnosis, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vittorio Abbonante
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnosis, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Meneguzzi
- Section of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo M Soprano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnosis, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Taus
- Section of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Castelli
- Section of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alice Giontella
- Section of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Melania Dovizio
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST, School of Medicine, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefania Tacconelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST, School of Medicine, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Patrignani
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST, School of Medicine, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Pietro Minuz
- Section of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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24
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Spampinato M, Giallongo C, Romano A, Longhitano L, La Spina E, Avola R, Scandura G, Dulcamare I, Bramanti V, Di Rosa M, Vicario N, Parenti R, Li Volti G, Tibullo D, Palumbo GA. Focus on Osteosclerotic Progression in Primary Myelofibrosis. Biomolecules 2021. [PMID: 33477816 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010122.pmid:33477816;pmcid:pmc7832894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by hematopoietic stem-cell-derived clonal proliferation, leading to bone marrow (BM) fibrosis. Hematopoiesis alterations are closely associated with modifications of the BM microenvironment, characterized by defective interactions between vascular and endosteal niches. As such, neoangiogenesis, megakaryocytes hyperplasia and extensive bone marrow fibrosis, followed by osteosclerosis and bone damage, are the most relevant consequences of PMF. Moreover, bone tissue deposition, together with progressive fibrosis, represents crucial mechanisms of disabilities in patients. Although the underlying mechanisms of bone damage observed in PMF are still unclear, the involvement of cytokines, growth factors and bone marrow microenvironment resident cells have been linked to disease progression. Herein, we focused on the role of megakaryocytes and their alterations, associated with cytokines and chemokines release, in modulating functions of most of the bone marrow cell populations and in creating a complex network where impaired signaling strongly contributes to progression and disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarita Spampinato
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Cesarina Giallongo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Romano
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Division of Hematology, A.O.U. "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Longhitano
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Enrico La Spina
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Division of Hematology, A.O.U. "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Roberto Avola
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Grazia Scandura
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Division of Hematology, A.O.U. "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Ilaria Dulcamare
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Division of Hematology, A.O.U. "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bramanti
- Division of Clinical Pathology, "Giovanni Paolo II" Hospital-A.S.P. Ragusa, 97100 Ragusa, Italy
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Nunzio Vicario
- Section of Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosalba Parenti
- Section of Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Tibullo
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe A Palumbo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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25
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Spampinato M, Giallongo C, Romano A, Longhitano L, La Spina E, Avola R, Scandura G, Dulcamare I, Bramanti V, Di Rosa M, Vicario N, Parenti R, Li Volti G, Tibullo D, Palumbo GA. Focus on Osteosclerotic Progression in Primary Myelofibrosis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010122. [PMID: 33477816 PMCID: PMC7832894 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by hematopoietic stem-cell-derived clonal proliferation, leading to bone marrow (BM) fibrosis. Hematopoiesis alterations are closely associated with modifications of the BM microenvironment, characterized by defective interactions between vascular and endosteal niches. As such, neoangiogenesis, megakaryocytes hyperplasia and extensive bone marrow fibrosis, followed by osteosclerosis and bone damage, are the most relevant consequences of PMF. Moreover, bone tissue deposition, together with progressive fibrosis, represents crucial mechanisms of disabilities in patients. Although the underlying mechanisms of bone damage observed in PMF are still unclear, the involvement of cytokines, growth factors and bone marrow microenvironment resident cells have been linked to disease progression. Herein, we focused on the role of megakaryocytes and their alterations, associated with cytokines and chemokines release, in modulating functions of most of the bone marrow cell populations and in creating a complex network where impaired signaling strongly contributes to progression and disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarita Spampinato
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (L.L.); (R.A.); (D.T.)
| | - Cesarina Giallongo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Romano
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Division of Hematology, A.O.U. “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.R.); (E.L.S.); (G.S.); (I.D.)
| | - Lucia Longhitano
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (L.L.); (R.A.); (D.T.)
| | - Enrico La Spina
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Division of Hematology, A.O.U. “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.R.); (E.L.S.); (G.S.); (I.D.)
| | - Roberto Avola
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (L.L.); (R.A.); (D.T.)
| | - Grazia Scandura
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Division of Hematology, A.O.U. “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.R.); (E.L.S.); (G.S.); (I.D.)
| | - Ilaria Dulcamare
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Division of Hematology, A.O.U. “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.R.); (E.L.S.); (G.S.); (I.D.)
| | - Vincenzo Bramanti
- Division of Clinical Pathology, “Giovanni Paolo II” Hospital–A.S.P. Ragusa, 97100 Ragusa, Italy;
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Nunzio Vicario
- Section of Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (N.V.); (R.P.)
| | - Rosalba Parenti
- Section of Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (N.V.); (R.P.)
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (L.L.); (R.A.); (D.T.)
- Correspondence: (G.L.V.); (G.A.P.)
| | - Daniele Tibullo
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (L.L.); (R.A.); (D.T.)
| | - Giuseppe A. Palumbo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.L.V.); (G.A.P.)
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26
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Wang H, He J, Xu C, Chen X, Yang H, Shi S, Liu C, Zeng Y, Wu D, Bai Z, Wang M, Wen Y, Su P, Xia M, Huang B, Ma C, Bian L, Lan Y, Cheng T, Shi L, Liu B, Zhou J. Decoding Human Megakaryocyte Development. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 28:535-549.e8. [PMID: 33340451 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite our growing understanding of embryonic immune development, rare early megakaryocytes (MKs) remain relatively understudied. Here we used single-cell RNA sequencing of human MKs from embryonic yolk sac (YS) and fetal liver (FL) to characterize the transcriptome, cellular heterogeneity, and developmental trajectories of early megakaryopoiesis. In the YS and FL, we found heterogeneous MK subpopulations with distinct developmental routes and patterns of gene expression that could reflect early functional specialization. Intriguingly, we identified a subpopulation of CD42b+CD14+ MKs in vivo that exhibit high expression of genes associated with immune responses and can also be derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in vitro. Furthermore, we identified THBS1 as an early marker for MK-biased embryonic endothelial cells. Overall, we provide important insights and invaluable resources for dissection of the molecular and cellular programs underlying early human megakaryopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jian He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Changlu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Shujuan Shi
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Cuicui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yang Zeng
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Dan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Zhijie Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Mengge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yuqi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Pei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Meijuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Baiming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Chunyu Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lihong Bian
- Department of Gynecology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Lihong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China.
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100071, China; Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Jiaxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China.
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27
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Abbonante V, Di Buduo CA, Malara A, Laurent PA, Balduini A. Mechanisms of platelet release: in vivo studies and in vitro modeling. Platelets 2020; 31:717-723. [PMID: 32522064 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1774532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms related to platelet release in the context of the bone marrow niche are not completely known. In this review we discuss what has been discovered about four critical aspects of this process: 1) the bone marrow niche organization, 2) the role of the extracellular matrix components, 3) the mechanisms by which megakaryocytes release platelets and 4) the novel approaches to mimic the bone marrow environment and produce platelets ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alessandro Malara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia , Pavia, Italy
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28
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MPN: The Molecular Drivers of Disease Initiation, Progression and Transformation and their Effect on Treatment. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081901. [PMID: 32823933 PMCID: PMC7465511 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) constitute a group of disorders identified by an overproduction of cells derived from myeloid lineage. The majority of MPNs have an identifiable driver mutation responsible for cytokine-independent proliferative signalling. The acquisition of coexisting mutations in chromatin modifiers, spliceosome complex components, DNA methylation modifiers, tumour suppressors and transcriptional regulators have been identified as major pathways for disease progression and leukemic transformation. They also confer different sensitivities to therapeutic options. This review will explore the molecular basis of MPN pathogenesis and specifically examine the impact of coexisting mutations on disease biology and therapeutic options.
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29
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Dib PRB, Quirino-Teixeira AC, Merij LB, Pinheiro MBM, Rozini SV, Andrade FB, Hottz ED. Innate immune receptors in platelets and platelet-leukocyte interactions. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:1157-1182. [PMID: 32779243 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4mr0620-701r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are chief cells in hemostasis. Apart from their hemostatic roles, platelets are major inflammatory effector cells that can influence both innate and adaptive immune responses. Activated platelets have thromboinflammatory functions linking hemostatic and immune responses in several physiological and pathological conditions. Among many ways in which platelets exert these functions, platelet expression of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including TLR, Nod-like receptor, and C-type lectin receptor families, plays major roles in sensing and responding to pathogen-associated or damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs, respectively). In this review, an increasing body of evidence is compiled showing the participation of platelet innate immune receptors, including PRRs, in infectious diseases, sterile inflammation, and cancer. How platelet recognition of endogenous DAMPs participates in sterile inflammatory diseases and thrombosis is discussed. In addition, platelet recognition of both PAMPs and DAMPs initiates platelet-mediated inflammation and vascular thrombosis in infectious diseases, including viral, bacterial, and parasite infections. The study also focuses on the involvement of innate immune receptors in platelet activation during cancer, and their contribution to tumor microenvironment development and metastasis. Finally, how innate immune receptors participate in platelet communication with leukocytes, modulating leukocyte-mediated inflammation and immune functions, is highlighted. These cell communication processes, including platelet-induced release of neutrophil extracellular traps, platelet Ag presentation to T-cells and platelet modulation of monocyte cytokine secretion are discussed in the context of infectious and sterile diseases of major concern in human health, including cardiovascular diseases, dengue, HIV infection, sepsis, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ribeiro Braga Dib
- Laboratory of Immunothrombosis, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil.,Laboratory of Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Obesity, Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Anna Cecíllia Quirino-Teixeira
- Laboratory of Immunothrombosis, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Laura Botelho Merij
- Laboratory of Immunothrombosis, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Mariana Brandi Mendonça Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Immunothrombosis, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Stephane Vicente Rozini
- Laboratory of Immunothrombosis, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Brandi Andrade
- Laboratory of Immunothrombosis, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Eugenio Damaceno Hottz
- Laboratory of Immunothrombosis, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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30
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Raghuwanshi S, Dahariya S, Sharma DS, Kovuru N, Sahu I, Gutti RK. RUNX1 and TGF‐β signaling cross talk regulates Ca2+ion channels expression and activity during megakaryocyte development. FEBS J 2020; 287:5411-5438. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Raghuwanshi
- Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad India
| | - Swati Dahariya
- Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad India
| | - Durga Shankar Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad India
| | - Narasaiah Kovuru
- Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad India
| | - Itishri Sahu
- Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad India
| | - Ravi Kumar Gutti
- Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad India
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31
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Defective interaction of mutant calreticulin and SOCE in megakaryocytes from patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. Blood 2020; 135:133-144. [PMID: 31697806 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019001103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately one-fourth of patients with essential thrombocythemia or primary myelofibrosis carry a somatic mutation of the calreticulin gene (CALR), the gene encoding for calreticulin. A 52-bp deletion (type I mutation) and a 5-bp insertion (type II mutation) are the most frequent genetic lesions. The mechanism(s) by which a CALR mutation leads to a myeloproliferative phenotype has been clarified only in part. We studied the interaction between calreticulin and store-operated calcium (Ca2+) entry (SOCE) machinery in megakaryocytes (Mks) from healthy individuals and from patients with CALR-mutated myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). In Mks from healthy subjects, binding of recombinant human thrombopoietin to c-Mpl induced the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5, AKT, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, determining inositol triphosphate-dependent Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This resulted in the dissociation of the ER protein 57 (ERp57)-mediated complex between calreticulin and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), a protein of the SOCE machinery that leads to Ca2+ mobilization. In Mks from patients with CALR-mutated MPNs, defective interactions between mutant calreticulin, ERp57, and STIM1 activated SOCE and generated spontaneous cytosolic Ca2+ flows. In turn, this resulted in abnormal Mk proliferation that was reverted using a specific SOCE inhibitor. In summary, the abnormal SOCE regulation of Ca2+ flows in Mks contributes to the pathophysiology of CALR-mutated MPNs. In perspective, SOCE may represent a new therapeutic target to counteract Mk proliferation and its clinical consequences in MPNs.
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32
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Gangat N, Tefferi A. Myelofibrosis biology and contemporary management. Br J Haematol 2020; 191:152-170. [PMID: 32196650 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Myelofibrosis is an enigmatic myeloproliferative neoplasm, despite noteworthy strides in understanding its genetic underpinnings. Driver mutations involving JAK2, CALR or MPL in 90% of patients mediate constitutive JAK-STAT signaling which, in concert with epigenetic alterations (ASXL1, DNMT3A, SRSF2, EZH2, IDH1/2 mutations), play a fundamental role in disease pathogenesis. Aberrant immature megakaryocytes are a quintessential feature, exhibiting reduced GATA1 protein expression and secreting a plethora of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 ß, TGF-ß), growth factors (b-FGF, PDGF, VEGF) in addition to extra cellular matrix components (fibronectin, laminin, collagens). The ensuing disrupted interactions amongst the megakaryocytes, osteoblasts, endothelium, stromal cells and myofibroblasts within the bone marrow culminate in the development of fibrosis and osteosclerosis. Presently, prognostic assessment tools for primary myelofibrosis (PMF) are centered on genetics, with incorporation of cytogenetic and molecular information into the mutation-enhanced (MIPSS 70-plus version 2.0) and genetically-inspired (GIPSS) prognostic scoring systems. Both models illustrate substantial clinical heterogeneity in PMF and serve as the crux for risk-adapted therapeutic decisions. A major challenge remains the dearth of disease-modifying drugs, whereas allogeneic transplant offers the chance of long-term remission for some patients. Our review serves to synopsise current appreciation of the pathogenesis of myelofibrosis together with emerging management strategies.
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33
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Noetzli LJ, French SL, Machlus KR. New Insights Into the Differentiation of Megakaryocytes From Hematopoietic Progenitors. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:1288-1300. [PMID: 31043076 PMCID: PMC6594866 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Megakaryocytes are hematopoietic cells, which are responsible for the production of blood platelets. The traditional view of megakaryopoiesis describes the cellular journey from hematopoietic stem cells, through a hierarchical series of progenitor cells, ultimately to a mature megakaryocyte. Once mature, the megakaryocyte then undergoes a terminal maturation process involving multiple rounds of endomitosis and cytoplasmic restructuring to allow platelet formation. However, recent studies have begun to redefine this hierarchy and shed new light on alternative routes by which hematopoietic stem cells are differentiated into megakaryocytes. In particular, the origin of megakaryocytes, including the existence and hierarchy of megakaryocyte progenitors, has been redefined, as new studies are suggesting that hematopoietic stem cells originate as megakaryocyte-primed and can bypass traditional lineage checkpoints. Overall, it is becoming evident that megakaryopoiesis does not only occur as a stepwise process, but is dynamic and adaptive to biological needs. In this review, we will reexamine the canonical dogmas of megakaryopoiesis and provide an updated framework for interpreting the roles of traditional pathways in the context of new megakaryocyte biology. Visual Overview- An online visual overview is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila J Noetzli
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Shauna L French
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kellie R Machlus
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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34
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Petrey AC, de la Motte CA. Hyaluronan in inflammatory bowel disease: Cross-linking inflammation and coagulation. Matrix Biol 2019; 78-79:314-323. [PMID: 29574062 PMCID: PMC6150849 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan, a major extracellular matrix component, is an active participant in many disease states, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The synthesis of this dynamic polymer is increased at sites of inflammation. Hyaluronan together with the enzymes responsible for its synthesis, degradation, and its binding proteins, directly modulates the promotion and resolution of disease by controlling recruitment of immune cells, by release of inflammatory cytokines, and by balancing hemostasis. This review discusses the functional significance of hyaluronan in the cells and tissues involved in inflammatory bowel disease pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C Petrey
- Department of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Carol A de la Motte
- Department of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States.
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35
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Malara A, Gruppi C, Abbonante V, Cattaneo D, De Marco L, Massa M, Iurlo A, Gianelli U, Balduini CL, Tira ME, Muro AF, Chauhan AK, Rosti V, Barosi G, Balduini A. EDA fibronectin-TLR4 axis sustains megakaryocyte expansion and inflammation in bone marrow fibrosis. J Exp Med 2019; 216:587-604. [PMID: 30733282 PMCID: PMC6400533 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The fibronectin EDA isoform sustains bone marrow fibrosis, binding to TLR4 on megakaryocytes and inducing NF-κB activation and IL-6 release. In primary myelofibrosis patients, the bone marrow fibrosis correlates with increased levels of fibronectin EDA isoform in plasma. The fibronectin EDA isoform (EDA FN) is instrumental in fibrogenesis but, to date, its expression and function in bone marrow (BM) fibrosis have not been explored. We found that mice constitutively expressing the EDA domain (EIIIA+/+), but not EDA knockout mice, are more prone to develop BM fibrosis upon treatment with the thrombopoietin (TPO) mimetic romiplostim (TPOhigh). Mechanistically, EDA FN binds to TLR4 and sustains progenitor cell proliferation and megakaryopoiesis in a TPO-independent fashion, inducing LPS-like responses, such as NF-κB activation and release of profibrotic IL-6. Pharmacological inhibition of TLR4 or TLR4 deletion in TPOhigh mice abrogated Mk hyperplasia, BM fibrosis, IL-6 release, extramedullary hematopoiesis, and splenomegaly. Finally, developing a novel ELISA assay, we analyzed samples from patients affected by primary myelofibrosis (PMF), a well-known pathological situation caused by altered TPO signaling, and found that the EDA FN is increased in plasma and BM biopsies of PMF patients as compared with healthy controls, correlating with fibrotic phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Malara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientific San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristian Gruppi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vittorio Abbonante
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientific San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Cattaneo
- Hematology Division, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientific Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi De Marco
- Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Center (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientific Centro di Riferimento Oncologico), Aviano, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Experimental Research, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Margherita Massa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientific San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Iurlo
- Hematology Division, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientific Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Gianelli
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo L Balduini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientific San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria E Tira
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrès F Muro
- The International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Anil K Chauhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Vittorio Rosti
- Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientific Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Barosi
- Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientific Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy .,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientific San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA
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36
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Megakaryocyte Contribution to Bone Marrow Fibrosis: many Arrows in the Quiver. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2018; 10:e2018068. [PMID: 30416700 PMCID: PMC6223581 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2018.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF), megakaryocyte dysplasia/hyperplasia determines the release of inflammatory cytokines that, in turn, stimulate stromal cells and induce bone marrow fibrosis. The pathogenic mechanism and the cells responsible for progression to bone marrow fibrosis in PMF are not completely understood. This review article aims to provide an overview of the crucial role of megakaryocytes in myelofibrosis by discussing the role and the altered secretion of megakaryocyte-derived soluble factors, enzymes and extracellular matrices that are known to induce bone marrow fibrosis.
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37
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Sub-Cellular Localization of Metalloproteinases in Megakaryocytes. Cells 2018; 7:cells7070080. [PMID: 30037039 PMCID: PMC6071070 DOI: 10.3390/cells7070080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases that play essential roles as the mediator of matrix degradation and remodeling during organogenesis, wound healing and angiogenesis. Although MMPs were originally identified as matrixin proteases that act in the extracellular matrix, more recent research has identified members of the MMP family in unusual locations within the cells, exerting distinct functions in addition to their established role as extracellular proteases. During thrombopoiesis, megakaryocytes (Mks) sort MMPs to nascent platelets through pseudopodial-like structure known as proplatelets. Previous studies identified gelatinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, as a novel regulator system of Mks and the platelet function. In this work we have exploited a sensitive immunoassay to detect and quantify multiple MMP proteins and their localization, in conditioned medium and sub-cellular fractions of primary human CD34+-derived Mks. We provide evidence that Mks express other MMPs in addition to gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9, peculiar isoforms of MMP-9 and MMPs with a novel nuclear compartmentalization.
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38
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Di Francesco S, Savio M, Bloise N, Borroni G, Stivala LA, Borroni RG. Red grape (Vitis vinifera L.) flavonoids down-regulate collagen type III expression after UV-A in primary human dermal blood endothelial cells. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:973-980. [PMID: 29742305 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Red grape (Vitis vinifera L.) flavonoids including flavan-3-ols (eg, catechin and epicatechin), flavonols (eg, quercetin) and anthocyanins (eg, malvidin) exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In the skin they also have a photoprotective action, and their effects have been extensively investigated in keratinocytes, melanocytes and fibroblasts. Despite their known effects also on blood vasculature, little is known on their activities on human dermal blood endothelial cells (HDBECs), which are critically involved in skin homeostasis as well as in the pathogenesis of neoplastic and inflammatory skin diseases. We sought to study the biological effects of selected red grape flavonoids in preventing the consequences of ultraviolet (UV)-A irradiation in vitro. Our results show that red grape flavonoids prevent UV-A-induced sICAM-1 release in HDBECs, suggesting that this cell type could represent an additional target of the anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids. In addition, flavonoids effectively inhibited UV-A-induced synthesis of collagen type III at both RNA and protein level, indicating that dermal blood microvasculature could be actively involved in ECM remodelling as a consequence of skin photo-ageing, and that this can be prevented by red grape flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Di Francesco
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Immunology and General Pathology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Monica Savio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Immunology and General Pathology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nora Bloise
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Borroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Dermatology, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico "San Matteo", Pavia, Italy
| | - Lucia Anna Stivala
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Immunology and General Pathology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Riccardo G Borroni
- Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
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39
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Multi-channel silk sponge mimicking bone marrow vascular niche for platelet production. Biomaterials 2018; 178:122-133. [PMID: 29920404 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In the bone marrow, the interaction of progenitor cells with the vasculature is fundamental for the release of blood cells into circulation. Silk fibroin, derived from Bombyx mori silkworm cocoons, is a promising protein biomaterial for bone marrow tissue engineering, because of its tunable architecture and mechanical properties, the capacity to incorporate labile compounds without loss of bioactivity and the demonstrated ability to support blood cell formation without premature activation. In this study, we fabricated a custom perfusion chamber to contain a multi-channel lyophilized silk sponge mimicking the vascular network in the bone marrow niche. The perfusion system consisted in an inlet and an outlet and 2 splitters that allowed funneling flow in each single channel of the silk sponge. Computational Fluid Dynamic analysis demonstrated that this design permitted confined flow inside the vascular channels. The silk channeled sponge supported efficient platelet release from megakaryocytes (Mks). After seeding, the Mks localized along SDF-1α functionalized vascular channels in the sponge. Perfusion of the channels allowed the recovery of functional platelets as demonstrated by increased PAC-1 binding upon thrombin stimulation. Further, increasing the number of channels in the silk sponge resulted in a proportional increase in the numbers of platelets recovered, suggesting applicability to scale-up for platelet production. In conclusion, we have developed a scalable system consisting of a multi-channeled silk sponge incorporated in a perfusion chamber that can provide useful technology for functional platelet production ex vivo.
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Balduini A, Raslova H, Di Buduo CA, Donada A, Ballmaier M, Germeshausen M, Balduini CL. Clinic, pathogenic mechanisms and drug testing of two inherited thrombocytopenias, ANKRD26-related Thrombocytopenia and MYH9-related diseases. Eur J Med Genet 2018; 61:715-722. [PMID: 29545013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inherited thrombocytopenias (ITs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by low platelet count resulting in impaired hemostasis. Patients can have spontaneous hemorrhages and/or excessive bleedings provoked by hemostatic challenges as trauma or surgery. To date, ITs encompass 32 different rare monogenic disorders caused by mutations of 30 genes. This review will focus on the major discoveries that have been made in the last years on the diagnosis, treatment and molecular mechanisms of ANKRD26-Related Thrombocytopenia and MYH9-Related Diseases. Furthermore, we will discuss the use a Thrombopoietin mimetic as a novel approach to treat the thrombocytopenia in these patients. We will propose the use of a new 3D bone marrow model to study the mechanisms of action of these drugs and to test their efficacy and safety in patients. The overall purpose of this review is to point out that important progresses have been made in understanding the pathogenesis of ANKRD26-Related Thrombocytopenia and MYH9-Related Diseases and new therapeutic approaches have been proposed and tested. Future advancement in this research will rely in the development of more physiological models to study the regulation of human platelet biogenesis, disease mechanisms and specific pharmacologic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Balduini
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Hana Raslova
- INSERM UMR 1170, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Christian A Di Buduo
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Donada
- INSERM UMR 1170, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | - Carlo L Balduini
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
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Di Buduo CA, Abbonante V, Tozzi L, Kaplan DL, Balduini A. Three-Dimensional Tissue Models for Studying Ex Vivo Megakaryocytopoiesis and Platelet Production. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1812:177-193. [PMID: 30171579 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8585-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) tissue cultures in vitro enable a more physiological reconstruction of native tissues and organs. The bone marrow environment, structure and composition regulate megakaryocyte function and platelet production. Here, we describe the use of silk fibroin protein biomaterials to assemble 3D scaffolds mimicking the bone marrow niche architecture and extracellular matrix composition to support platelet release from human megakaryocytes. Additionally, we also propose the use of hyaluronan hydrogels, functionalized with extracellular matrix components, to reproduce the 3D matrix structure of the bone marrow environment for studying human megakaryocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lorenzo Tozzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.
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Altered B-lymphopoiesis in mice with deregulated thrombopoietin signaling. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14953. [PMID: 29097774 PMCID: PMC5668349 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15023-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombopoietin (TPO) is the master cytokine regulator of megakaryopoiesis. In addition to regulation of megakaryocyte and platelet number, TPO is important for maintaining proper hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function. It was previously shown that a number of lymphoid genes were upregulated in HSCs from Tpo−/− mice. We investigated if absent or enhanced TPO signaling would influence normal B-lymphopoiesis. Absent TPO signaling in Mpl−/− mice led to enrichment of a common lymphoid progenitor (CLP) signature in multipotential lineage-negative Sca-1+c-Kit+ (LSK) cells and an increase in CLP formation. Moreover, Mpl−/− mice exhibited increased numbers of PreB2 and immature B-cells in bone marrow and spleen, with an increased proportion of B-lymphoid cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Conversely, elevated TPO signaling in TpoTg mice was associated with reduced B-lymphopoiesis. Although at steady state, peripheral blood lymphocyte counts were normal in both models, Mpl−/− Eµ-myc mice showed an enhanced preneoplastic phase with increased numbers of splenic PreB2 and immature B-cells, a reduced quiescent fraction, and augmented blood lymphocyte counts. Thus, although Mpl is not expressed on lymphoid cells, TPO signaling may indirectly influence B-lymphopoiesis and the preneoplastic state in Myc-driven B-cell lymphomagenesis by lineage priming in multipotential progenitor cells.
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Di Buduo CA, Soprano PM, Tozzi L, Marconi S, Auricchio F, Kaplan DL, Balduini A. Modular flow chamber for engineering bone marrow architecture and function. Biomaterials 2017; 146:60-71. [PMID: 28898758 PMCID: PMC6056889 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The bone marrow is a soft, spongy, gelatinous tissue found in the hollow cavities of flat and long bones that support hematopoiesis in order to maintain the physiologic turnover of all blood cells. Silk fibroin, derived from Bombyx mori silkworm cocoons, is a promising biomaterial for bone marrow engineering, because of its tunable architecture and mechanical properties, the capacity of incorporating labile compounds without loss of bioactivity and demonstrated ability to support blood cell formation. In this study, we developed a bone marrow scaffold consisting of a modular flow chamber made of polydimethylsiloxane, holding a silk sponge, prepared with salt leaching methods and functionalized with extracellular matrix components. The silk sponge was able to support efficient platelet formation when megakaryocytes were seeded in the system. Perfusion of the chamber allowed the recovery of functional platelets based on multiple activation tests. Further, inhibition of AKT signaling molecule, which has been shown to be crucial in regulating physiologic platelet formation, significantly reduced the number of collected platelets, suggesting the applicability of this tissue model for evaluation of the effects of bone marrow exposure to compounds that may affect platelet formation. In conclusion, we have bioengineered a novel modular system that, along with multi-porous silk sponges, can provide a useful technology for reproducing a simplified bone marrow scaffold for blood cell production ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Di Buduo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Biotechnology Research Laboratories, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo M Soprano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Biotechnology Research Laboratories, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Tozzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Biotechnology Research Laboratories, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Stefania Marconi
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Auricchio
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Biotechnology Research Laboratories, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.
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Pouli D, Tozzi L, Alonzo CA, Liu Z, Kaplan DL, Balduini A, Georgakoudi I. Label free monitoring of megakaryocytic development and proplatelet formation in vitro. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:4742-4755. [PMID: 29082099 PMCID: PMC5654814 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.004742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Megakaryopoiesis and platelet production are complex biological processes that require tight regulation of successive lineage commitment steps and are ultimately responsible for maintaining and renewing the pool of circulating platelets in the blood. Despite major advancements in the understanding of megakaryocytic biology, the detailed mechanisms driving megakaryocytic differentiation have yet to be elucidated. Here we show that automated image analysis algorithms applied to two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) images can non-invasively monitor structural and metabolic megakaryocyte behavior changes occurring during differentiation and platelet formation in vitro. Our results demonstrate that high-contrast, label-free two photon imaging holds great potential in studying the underlying physiological processes controlling the intricate process of platelet production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Pouli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., 02155 Medford MA, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Lorenzo Tozzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., 02155 Medford MA, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Carlo A. Alonzo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., 02155 Medford MA, USA
| | - Zhiyi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., 02155 Medford MA, USA
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., 02155 Medford MA, USA
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., 02155 Medford MA, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Irene Georgakoudi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., 02155 Medford MA, USA
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Di Buduo CA, Kaplan DL, Balduini A. In vitro generation of platelets: Where do we stand? Transfus Clin Biol 2017; 24:273-276. [PMID: 28669522 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Millions of platelets, specialized cells that participate in haemostatic and inflammatory functions, are transfused each year worldwide, but their supply is limited. Platelets are produced by megakaryocytes by extending proplatelets, directly into the bloodstream. Bone marrow structure and extracellular matrix composition together with soluble factors (e.g. Thrombopoietin) are key regulators of megakaryopoiesis by supporting cell differentiation and platelet release. Despite this knowledge, the scarcity of clinical cures for life threatening platelet diseases is in a large part due to limited insight into the mechanisms that control the developmental process of megakaryocytes and the mechanisms that govern the production of platelets within the bone marrow. To overcome these limitations, functional human tissue models have been developed and studied to extrapolate ex vivo outcomes for new insight on bone marrow functions in vivo. There are many challenges that these models must overcome, from faithfully mimicking the physiological composition and functions of bone marrow, to the collection of the platelets generated and validation of their viability and function for human use. The overall goal is to identify innovative instruments to study mechanisms of platelet release, diseases related to platelet production and new therapeutic targets starting from human progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Di Buduo
- Department of molecular medicine, university of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Biotechnology, research laboratories, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - D L Kaplan
- Department of biomedical engineering, Tufts university, Medford, MA, USA
| | - A Balduini
- Department of molecular medicine, university of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Biotechnology, research laboratories, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of biomedical engineering, Tufts university, Medford, MA, USA.
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Abbonante V, Di Buduo CA, Gruppi C, De Maria C, Spedden E, De Acutis A, Staii C, Raspanti M, Vozzi G, Kaplan DL, Moccia F, Ravid K, Balduini A. A new path to platelet production through matrix sensing. Haematologica 2017; 102:1150-1160. [PMID: 28411253 PMCID: PMC5566016 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.161562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MK) in the bone marrow (BM) are immersed in a network of extracellular matrix components that regulates platelet release into the circulation. Combining biological and bioengineering approaches, we found that the activation of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 (TRPV4), a mechano-sensitive ion channel, is induced upon MK adhesion on softer matrices. This response promoted platelet production by triggering a cascade of events that lead to calcium influx, β1 integrin activation and internalization, and Akt phosphorylation, responses not found on stiffer matrices. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is a physiological modulator of BM matrix stiffness via collagen crosslinking. In vivo inhibition of LOX and consequent matrix softening lead to TRPV4 activation cascade and increased platelet levels. At the same time, in vitro proplatelet formation was reduced on a recombinant enzyme-mediated stiffer collagen. These results suggest a novel mechanism by which MKs, through TRPV4, sense extracellular matrix environmental rigidity and release platelets accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Abbonante
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Christian Andrea Di Buduo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristian Gruppi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carmelo De Maria
- Interdepartmental Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Elise Spedden
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Aurora De Acutis
- Interdepartmental Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristian Staii
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Mario Raspanti
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vozzi
- Interdepartmental Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Italy
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Katya Ravid
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, MA, USA
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Italy .,Laboratory of Biotechnology, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
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Leiva O, Ng SK, Chitalia S, Balduini A, Matsuura S, Ravid K. The role of the extracellular matrix in primary myelofibrosis. Blood Cancer J 2017; 7:e525. [PMID: 28157219 PMCID: PMC5386340 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2017.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that arises from clonal proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and leads to progressive bone marrow (BM) fibrosis. While cellular mutations involved in the development of PMF have been heavily investigated, noteworthy is the important role the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays in the progression of BM fibrosis. This review surveys ECM proteins contributors of PMF, and highlights how better understanding of the control of the ECM within the BM niche may lead to combined therapeutic options in PMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Leiva
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S K Ng
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Chitalia
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - S Matsuura
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K Ravid
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Pathophysiological Significance of Store-Operated Calcium Entry in Megakaryocyte Function: Opening New Paths for Understanding the Role of Calcium in Thrombopoiesis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122055. [PMID: 27941645 PMCID: PMC5187855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE) is a universal calcium (Ca2+) influx mechanism expressed by several different cell types. It is now known that Stromal Interaction Molecule (STIM), the Ca2+ sensor of the intracellular compartments, together with Orai and Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC), the subunits of Ca2+ permeable channels on the plasma membrane, cooperate in regulating multiple cellular functions as diverse as proliferation, differentiation, migration, gene expression, and many others, depending on the cell type. In particular, a growing body of evidences suggests that a tight control of SOCE expression and function is achieved by megakaryocytes along their route from hematopoietic stem cells to platelet production. This review attempts to provide an overview about the SOCE dynamics in megakaryocyte development, with a focus on most recent findings related to its involvement in physiological and pathological thrombopoiesis.
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49
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Antkowiak A, Viaud J, Severin S, Zanoun M, Ceccato L, Chicanne G, Strassel C, Eckly A, Leon C, Gachet C, Payrastre B, Gaits-Iacovoni F. Cdc42-dependent F-actin dynamics drive structuration of the demarcation membrane system in megakaryocytes. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:1268-84. [PMID: 26991240 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Essentials Information about the formation of the demarcation membrane system (DMS) is still lacking. We investigated the role of the cytoskeleton in DMS structuration in megakaryocytes. Cdc42/Pak-dependent F-actin remodeling regulates DMS organization for proper megakaryopoiesis. These data highlight the mandatory role of F-actin in platelet biogenesis. SUMMARY Background Blood platelet biogenesis results from the maturation of megakaryocytes (MKs), which involves the development of a complex demarcation membrane system (DMS). Therefore, MK differentiation is an attractive model for studying membrane remodeling. Objectives We sought to investigate the mechanism of DMS structuration in relationship to the cytoskeleton. Results Using three-dimensional (3D) confocal imaging, we have identified consecutive stages of DMS organization that rely on F-actin dynamics to polarize membranes and nuclei territories. Interestingly, microtubules are not involved in this process. We found that the mechanism underlying F-actin-dependent DMS formation required the activation of the guanosine triphosphate hydrolase Cdc42 and its p21-activated kinase effectors (Pak1/2/3). Förster resonance energy transfer demonstrated that active Cdc42 was associated with endomembrane dynamics throughout terminal maturation. Inhibition of Cdc42 or Pak1/2/3 severely destructured the DMS and blocked proplatelet formation. Even though this process does not require containment within the hematopoietic niche, because DMS structuration was observed upon thrombopoietin-treatment in suspension, integrin outside-in signaling was required for Pak activation and probably resulted from secretion of extracellular matrix by MKs. Conclusions These data indicate a functional link, mandatory for MK differentiation, between actin dynamics, regulated by Cdc42/Pak1/2/3, and DMS maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Antkowiak
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - J Viaud
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - S Severin
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - M Zanoun
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - L Ceccato
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - G Chicanne
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - C Strassel
- INSERM, UMR_S949, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Toulouse, France
| | - A Eckly
- INSERM, UMR_S949, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Toulouse, France
| | - C Leon
- INSERM, UMR_S949, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Toulouse, France
| | - C Gachet
- INSERM, UMR_S949, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Toulouse, France
| | - B Payrastre
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - F Gaits-Iacovoni
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
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