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Portales AE, Miguel I, Rodriguez MJ, Novaro V, Gambaro SE, Giovambattista A. CDK4/6 are necessary for UCP1-mediated thermogenesis of white adipose tissue. Life Sci 2023; 322:121652. [PMID: 37011871 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In white adipose tissue (WAT) the cell cycle regulators CDK4 and CDK6 (CDK4/6) promote adipogenesis and maintain the adipocyte mature state. Here we aimed to investigate their role in the Ucp1-mediated thermogenesis of WAT depots and in the biogenesis of beige adipocytes. MAIN METHODS We treated mice with the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib at room temperature (RT) or cold and analyzed thermogenic markers in the epididymal (abdominal) and inguinal (subcutaneous) WAT depots. We also assessed the effect of in vivo palbociclib-treatment on the percentage of beige precursors in the stroma vascular fraction (SVF), and on its beige adipogenic potential. Finally, we treated SVFs and mature adipocytes from WAT depots with palbociclib in vitro to study the role of CDK4/6 in beige adipocytes biogenesis. KEY FINDINGS In vivo CDK4/6 inhibition downregulated thermogenesis at RT and impaired cold-induced browning of both WAT depots. It also reduced the percentage of beige precursors and the beige adipogenic potential of the SVF upon differentiation. A similar result was observed with direct CDK4/6 inhibition in the SVF of control mice in vitro. Importantly, CDK4/6 inhibition also downregulated the thermogenic program of beige differentiated- and depots-derived adipocytes. SIGNIFICANCE CDK4/6 modulate Ucp1-mediated thermogenesis of WAT depots in basal and cold-stressing conditions controlling beige adipocytes biogenesis by adipogenesis and transdifferentiation. This shows a pivotal role of CDK4/6 in WAT browning that could be applied to fight obesity or browning-associated hypermetabolic conditions such as cancer cachexia.
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p107 mediated mitochondrial function controls muscle stem cell proliferative fates. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5977. [PMID: 34645816 PMCID: PMC8514468 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle diseases and aging are associated with impaired myogenic stem cell self-renewal and fewer proliferating progenitors (MPs). Importantly, distinct metabolic states induced by glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation have been connected to MP proliferation and differentiation. However, how these energy-provisioning mechanisms cooperate remain obscure. Herein, we describe a mechanism by which mitochondrial-localized transcriptional co-repressor p107 regulates MP proliferation. We show p107 directly interacts with the mitochondrial DNA, repressing mitochondrial-encoded gene transcription. This reduces ATP production by limiting electron transport chain complex formation. ATP output, controlled by the mitochondrial function of p107, is directly associated with the cell cycle rate. Sirt1 activity, dependent on the cytoplasmic glycolysis product NAD+, directly interacts with p107, impeding its mitochondrial localization. The metabolic control of MP proliferation, driven by p107 mitochondrial function, establishes a cell cycle paradigm that might extend to other dividing cell types. The connection between cell cycle, metabolic state and mitochondrial activity is unclear. Here, the authors show that p107 represses mitochondrial transcription and ATP output in response to glycolytic byproducts, causing metabolic control of the cell cycle rate in myogenic progenitors.
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Ventura E, Iannuzzi CA, Pentimalli F, Giordano A, Morrione A. RBL1/p107 Expression Levels Are Modulated by Multiple Signaling Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13195025. [PMID: 34638509 PMCID: PMC8507926 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13195025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family, RB1/p105, retinoblastoma-like (RBL)1/p107 and RBL2/p130 are critical modulators of the cell cycle and their dysregulation has been associated with tumor initiation and progression. The activity of RB proteins is regulated by numerous pathways including oncogenic signaling, but the molecular mechanisms of these functional interactions are not fully defined. We previously demonstrated that RBL2/p130 is a direct target of AKT and it is a key mediator of the apoptotic process induced by AKT inhibition. Here we demonstrated that RBL1/p107 levels are only minorly modulated by the AKT signaling pathway. In contrast, we discovered that RBL1/p107 levels are regulated by multiple pathways linked directly or indirectly to Ca2+-dependent signaling. Inhibition of the multifunctional calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases (CaMKs) significantly reduced RBL1/p107 expression levels and phosphorylation, increased RBL1/p107 nuclear localization and led to cell cycle arrest in G0/G1. Targeting the Ca2+-dependent endopeptidase calpain stabilized RBL1/p107 levels and counteracted the reduction of RBL1/p107 levels associated with CaMKs inhibition. Thus, these novel observations suggest a complex regulation of RBL1/p107 expression involving different components of signaling pathways controlled by Ca2+ levels, including CaMKs and calpain, pointing out a significant difference with the mechanisms modulating the close family member RBL2/p130.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ventura
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; (E.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Carmelina Antonella Iannuzzi
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, I-80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.A.I.); (F.P.)
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, I-80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.A.I.); (F.P.)
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; (E.V.); (A.G.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; (E.V.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +215-204-2450
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Schiltz D, Tschernitz S, Ortner C, Anker A, Klein S, Felthaus O, Biermann N, Schreml J, Prantl L, Schreml S. Adipose Tissue in Multiple Symmetric Lipomatosis Shows Features of Brown/Beige Fat. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2020; 44:855-861. [PMID: 32157376 PMCID: PMC7280331 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-020-01666-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Multiple symmetric lipomatosis (MSL) (syn.: Launois–Bensaude Syndrome, benign symmetric lipomatosis) is a rare disease of fatty tissue. The pathophysiology of MSL still remains unclear, although several approaches have been described in order to understand it. Beside morphological characteristics and some molecular cell biological approaches, little is known about the histological and immunohistochemical characterization of adipose tissue from patients with MSL. Methods From the 45 patients with MSL in our database, 10 were included in the study. Fat tissue samples were collected from affected and unaffected areas. The forearm served as a control area as this area is not affected in MSL. The specimens were analyzed after selected stainings were taken (hematoxylin–eosin = HE, Elastica van Gieson, Ladewig, CD200, CIDEA, myf5, p107, Prdm16, Sca-1, syndecan, UCP1, MAC387, Glut4).
Results In patients suffering from MSL, no macroscopic or microscopic morphological difference could be found between affected and unaffected adipose tissue in HE stainings. The majority of samples showed positivity for UCP1 (9/10 clinically affected tissues, 7/10 clinically unaffected tissues) and CD200. Conclusion Marker profiles support the hypothesis that affected adipose tissue derives from brown or beige adipose tissue rather than from white fat. Level of Evidence IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00266-020-01666-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Cantini G, Di Franco A, Mannelli M, Scimè A, Maggi M, Luconi M. The Role of Metabolic Changes in Shaping the Fate of Cancer-Associated Adipose Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:332. [PMID: 32478073 PMCID: PMC7242628 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue in physiological and in metabolically altered conditions (obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome) strictly interacts with the developing tumors both systemically and locally. In addition to the cancer-associated fibroblasts, adipose cells have also recently been described among the pivotal actors of the tumor microenvironment responsible for sustaining tumor development and progression. In particular, emerging evidence suggests that not only the mature adipocytes but also the adipose stem cells (ASCs) are able to establish a strict crosstalk with the tumour cells, thus resulting in a reciprocal reprogramming of both the tumor and adipose components. This review will focus on the metabolic changes induced by this interaction as a driver of fate determination occurring in cancer-associated ASCs (CA-ASCs) to support the tumor metabolic requirements. We will showcase the major role played by the metabolic changes occurring in the adipose tumor microenvironment that regulates ASC fate and consequently cancer progression. Our new results will also highlight the CA-ASC response in vitro by using a coculture system of primary ASCs grown with cancer cells originating from two different types of adrenal cancers [adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and pheochromocytoma]. In conclusion, the different factors involved in this crosstalk process will be analyzed and their effects on the adipocyte differentiation potential and functions of CA-ASCs will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Cantini
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Di Franco
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Mannelli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anthony Scimè
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mario Maggi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Italy.,Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Michaela Luconi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Italy.,Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
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Cunarro J, Buque X, Casado S, Lugilde J, Vidal A, Mora A, Sabio G, Nogueiras R, Aspichueta P, Diéguez C, Tovar S. p107 Deficiency Increases Energy Expenditure by Inducing Brown-Fat Thermogenesis and Browning of White Adipose Tissue. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 63:e1801096. [PMID: 30383332 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The tumor suppressor p107, a pocket protein member of the retinoblastoma susceptibility protein family, plays an important role in the cell cycle and cellular adipocyte differentiation. Nonetheless, the mechanism by which it influences whole body Energy homeostasis is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS The phenotype of p107 knockout (KO) mixed-background C57BL6/129 mice phenotype is studied by focusing on the involvement of white and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT) in energy metabolism. It is shown that p107 KO mice are leaner and have high-fat diet resistence. This phenomenon is explained by an increase of energy expenditure. The higher energy expenditure is caused by the activation of thermogenesis and may be mediated by both BAT and the browning of WAT. Consequently, it leads to the resistance of p107 KO mice to high-fat diet effects, prevention of liver steatosis, and improvement of the lipid profile and glucose homeostasis. CONCLUSION These data allowed the unmasking of a mechanism by which a KO of p107 prevents diet-induced obesity by increasing energy expenditure via increased thermogenesis in BAT and browning of WAT, indicating the relevance of p107 as a modulator of metabolic activity of both brown and white adipocytes. Therefore, it can be targeted for the development of new therapies to ameliorate the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Cunarro
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología, de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 15706, Spain
| | - Xabier Buque
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain
- Biocruces Research Institute, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Sabela Casado
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología, de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 15706, Spain
| | - Javier Lugilde
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Anxo Vidal
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alfonso Mora
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén Nogueiras
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología, de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 15706, Spain
| | - Patricia Aspichueta
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain
- Biocruces Research Institute, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Carlos Diéguez
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología, de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 15706, Spain
| | - Sulay Tovar
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela and Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología, de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 15706, Spain
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