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Selig M, Poehlman L, Lang NC, Völker M, Rolauffs B, Hart ML. Prediction of six macrophage phenotypes and their IL-10 content based on single-cell morphology using artificial intelligence. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1336393. [PMID: 38239351 PMCID: PMC10794337 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1336393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The last decade has led to rapid developments and increased usage of computational tools at the single-cell level. However, our knowledge remains limited in how extracellular cues alter quantitative macrophage morphology and how such morphological changes can be used to predict macrophage phenotype as well as cytokine content at the single-cell level. Methods Using an artificial intelligence (AI) based approach, this study determined whether (i) accurate macrophage classification and (ii) prediction of intracellular IL-10 at the single-cell level was possible, using only morphological features as predictors for AI. Using a quantitative panel of shape descriptors, our study assessed image-based original and synthetic single-cell data in two different datasets in which CD14+ monocyte-derived macrophages generated from human peripheral blood monocytes were initially primed with GM-CSF or M-CSF followed by polarization with specific stimuli in the presence/absence of continuous GM-CSF or M-CSF. Specifically, M0, M1 (GM-CSF-M1, TNFα/IFNγ-M1, GM-CSF/TNFα/IFNγ-M1) and M2 (M-CSF-M2, IL-4-M2a, M-CSF/IL-4-M2a, IL-10-M2c, M-CSF/IL-10-M2c) macrophages were examined. Results Phenotypes were confirmed by ELISA and immunostaining of CD markers. Variations of polarization techniques significantly changed multiple macrophage morphological features, demonstrating that macrophage morphology is a highly sensitive, dynamic marker of phenotype. Using original and synthetic single-cell data, cell morphology alone yielded an accuracy of 93% for the classification of 6 different human macrophage phenotypes (with continuous GM-CSF or M-CSF). A similarly high phenotype classification accuracy of 95% was reached with data generated with different stimuli (discontinuous GM-CSF or M-CSF) and measured at a different time point. These comparably high accuracies clearly validated the here chosen AI-based approach. Quantitative morphology also allowed prediction of intracellular IL-10 with 95% accuracy using only original data. Discussion Thus, image-based machine learning using morphology-based features not only (i) classified M0, M1 and M2 macrophages but also (ii) classified M2a and M2c subtypes and (iii) predicted intracellular IL-10 at the single-cell level among six phenotypes. This simple approach can be used as a general strategy not only for macrophage phenotyping but also for prediction of IL-10 content of any IL-10 producing cell, which can help improve our understanding of cytokine biology at the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa Selig
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Logan Poehlman
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Nils C Lang
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marita Völker
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Melanie L Hart
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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Selig M, Walz K, Lauer JC, Rolauffs B, Hart ML. Therapeutic Modulation of Cell Morphology and Phenotype of Diseased Human Cells towards a Healthier Cell State Using Lignin. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3041. [PMID: 37514430 PMCID: PMC10385073 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite lignin's global abundance and its use in biomedical studies, our understanding of how lignin regulates disease through modulation of cell morphology and associated phenotype of human cells is unknown. We combined an automated high-throughput image cell segmentation technique for quantitatively measuring a panel of cell shape descriptors, droplet digital Polymerase Chain Reaction for absolute quantification of gene expression and multivariate data analyses to determine whether lignin could therapeutically modulate the cell morphology and phenotype of inflamed, degenerating diseased human cells (osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes) towards a healthier cell morphology and phenotype. Lignin dose-dependently modified all aspects of cell morphology and ameliorated the diseased shape of OA chondrocytes by inducing a less fibroblastic healthier cell shape, which correlated with the downregulation of collagen 1A2 (COL1A2, a major fibrosis-inducing gene), upregulation of collagen 2A1 (COL2A1, a healthy extracellular matrix-inducing gene) and downregulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6, a chronic inflammatory cytokine). This is the first study to show that lignin can therapeutically target cell morphology and change a diseased cells' function towards a healthier cell shape and phenotype. This opens up novel opportunities for exploiting lignin in modulation of disease, tissue degeneration, fibrosis, inflammation and regenerative medical implants for therapeutically targeting cell function and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa Selig
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Engesserstraße 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Walz
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Engesserstraße 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin C Lauer
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Engesserstraße 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Engesserstraße 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie L Hart
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Engesserstraße 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
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Alloisio G, Rodriguez DB, Luce M, Ciaccio C, Marini S, Cricenti A, Gioia M. Cyclic Stretch-Induced Mechanical Stress Applied at 1 Hz Frequency Can Alter the Metastatic Potential Properties of SAOS-2 Osteosarcoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097686. [PMID: 37175397 PMCID: PMC10178551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increasing focus on cellular morphology and mechanical behavior in order to gain a better understanding of the modulation of cell malignancy. This study used uniaxial-stretching technology to select a mechanical regimen able to elevate SAOS-2 cell migration, which is crucial in osteosarcoma cell pathology. Using confocal and atomic force microscopy, we demonstrated that a 24 h 0.5% cyclic elongation applied at 1 Hz induces morphological changes in cells. Following mechanical stimulation, the cell area enlarged, developing a more elongated shape, which disrupted the initial nuclear-to-cytoplasm ratio. The peripheral cell surface also increased its roughness. Cell-based biochemical assays and real-time PCR quantification showed that these morphologically induced changes are unrelated to the osteoblastic differentiative grade. Interestingly, two essential cell-motility properties in the modulation of the metastatic process changed following the 24 h 1 Hz mechanical stimulation. These were cell adhesion and cell migration, which, in fact, were dampened and enhanced, respectively. Notably, our results showed that the stretch-induced up-regulation of cell motility occurs through a mechanism that does not depend on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, while the inhibition of ion-stretch channels could counteract it. Overall, our results suggest that further research on mechanobiology could represent an alternative approach for the identification of novel molecular targets of osteosarcoma cell malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Alloisio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - David Becerril Rodriguez
- Institute of Structure Matter del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISM-CNR, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Luce
- Institute of Structure Matter del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISM-CNR, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Cricenti
- Institute of Structure Matter del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISM-CNR, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Magda Gioia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
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Alves AL, Carvalho AC, Machado I, Diogo GS, Fernandes EM, Castro VIB, Pires RA, Vázquez JA, Pérez-Martín RI, Alaminos M, Reis RL, Silva TH. Cell-Laden Marine Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogels Enriched with Ascorbic Acid for Corneal Stroma Regeneration. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:bioengineering10010062. [PMID: 36671634 PMCID: PMC9854711 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Corneal pathologies from infectious or noninfectious origin have a significant impact on the daily lives of millions of people worldwide. Despite the risk of organ rejection or infection, corneal transplantation is currently the only effective treatment. Finding safe and innovative strategies is the main goal of tissue-engineering-based approaches. In this study, the potential of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels produced from marine-derived gelatin and loaded with ascorbic acid (as an enhancer of the biological activity of cells) was evaluated for corneal stromal applications. Marine GelMA was synthesized with a methacrylation degree of 75%, enabling effective photocrosslinking, and hydrogels with or without ascorbic acid were produced, encompassing human keratocytes. All the produced formulations exhibited excellent optical and swelling properties with easy handling as well as structural stability and adequate degradation rates that may allow proper extracellular matrix remodeling by corneal stromal cells. Formulations loaded with 0.5 mg/mL of ascorbic acid enhanced the biological performance of keratocytes and induced collagen production. These results suggest that, in addition to marine-derived gelatin being suitable for the synthesis of GelMA, the hydrogels produced are promising biomaterials for corneal regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L. Alves
- 3B’s Research Group, i3B’s—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Bisodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Carvalho
- 3B’s Research Group, i3B’s—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Bisodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Inês Machado
- 3B’s Research Group, i3B’s—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Bisodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Gabriela S. Diogo
- 3B’s Research Group, i3B’s—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Bisodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Emanuel M. Fernandes
- 3B’s Research Group, i3B’s—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Bisodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Vânia I. B. Castro
- 3B’s Research Group, i3B’s—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Bisodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ricardo A. Pires
- 3B’s Research Group, i3B’s—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Bisodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - José A. Vázquez
- Group of Recycling and Valorization of Waste Materials (REVAL), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C/Eduardo Cabello 6, CP36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Ricardo I. Pérez-Martín
- Group of Food Biochemistry, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C/Eduardo Cabello 6, CP36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Miguel Alaminos
- Department of Histology and Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), E18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, i3B’s—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Bisodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Tiago H. Silva
- 3B’s Research Group, i3B’s—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Bisodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Selig M, Azizi S, Walz K, Lauer JC, Rolauffs B, Hart ML. Cell morphology as a biological fingerprint of chondrocyte phenotype in control and inflammatory conditions. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1102912. [PMID: 36860844 PMCID: PMC9968733 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1102912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Little is known how inflammatory processes quantitatively affect chondrocyte morphology and how single cell morphometric data could be used as a biological fingerprint of phenotype. Methods We investigated whether trainable high-throughput quantitative single cell morphology profiling combined with population-based gene expression analysis can be used to identify biological fingerprints that are discriminatory of control vs. inflammatory phenotypes. The shape of a large number of chondrocytes isolated from bovine healthy and human osteoarthritic (OA) cartilages was quantified under control and inflammatory (IL-1β) conditions using a trainable image analysis technique measuring a panel of cell shape descriptors (area, length, width, circularity, aspect ratio, roundness, solidity). The expression profiles of phenotypically relevant markers were quantified by ddPCR. Statistical analysis, multivariate data exploration, and projection-based modelling were used for identifying specific morphological fingerprints indicative of phenotype. Results Cell morphology was sensitive to both cell density and IL-1β. In both cell types, all shape descriptors correlated with expression of extracellular matrix (ECM)- and inflammatory-regulating genes. A hierarchical clustered image map revealed that individual samples sometimes responded differently in control or IL-1β conditions than the overall population. Despite these variances, discriminative projection-based modeling revealed distinct morphological fingerprints that discriminated between control and inflammatory chondrocyte phenotypes: the most essential morphological characteristics attributable to non-treated control cells was a higher cell aspect ratio in healthy bovine chondrocytes and roundness in OA human chondrocytes. In contrast, a higher circularity and width in healthy bovine chondrocytes and length and area in OA human chondrocytes indicated an inflammatory (IL-1β) phenotype. When comparing the two species/health conditions, bovine healthy and human OA chondrocytes exhibited comparable IL-1β-induced morphologies in roundness, a widely recognized marker of chondrocyte phenotype, and aspect ratio. Discussion Overall, cell morphology can be used as a biological fingerprint for describing chondrocyte phenotype. Quantitative single cell morphometry in conjunction with advanced methods for multivariate data analysis allows identifying morphological fingerprints that can discriminate between control and inflammatory chondrocyte phenotypes. This approach could be used to assess how culture conditions, inflammatory mediators, and therapeutic modulators regulate cell phenotype and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa Selig
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Saman Azizi
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Kathrin Walz
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Jasmin C Lauer
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Melanie L Hart
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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Che H, Selig M, Rolauffs B. Micro-patterned cell populations as advanced pharmaceutical drugs with precise functional control. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 184:114169. [PMID: 35217114 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human cells are both advanced pharmaceutical drugs and 'drug deliverers'. However, functional control prior to or after cell implantation remains challenging. Micro-patterning cells through geometrically defined adhesion sites allows controlling morphogenesis, polarity, cellular mechanics, proliferation, migration, differentiation, stemness, cell-cell interactions, collective cell behavior, and likely immuno-modulatory properties. Consequently, generating micro-patterned therapeutic cells is a promising idea that has not yet been realized and few if any steps have been undertaken in this direction. This review highlights potential therapeutic applications, summarizes comprehensively the many cell functions that have been successfully controlled through micro-patterning, details the established micro-pattern designs, introduces the available fabrication technologies to the non-specialized reader, and suggests a quality evaluation score. Such a broad review is not yet available but would facilitate the manufacturing of therapeutically patterned cell populations using micro-patterned cell-instructive biomaterials for improved functional control as drug delivery systems in the context of cells as pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Che
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital (North District), Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Mischa Selig
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
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Micropillar-based phenotypic screening platform uncovers involvement of HDAC2 in nuclear deformability. Biomaterials 2022; 286:121564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Characterization and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Safety Screening of Fractionated Organosolv Lignin on Diverse Primary Human Cell Types Commonly Used in Tissue Engineering. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050696. [PMID: 35625424 PMCID: PMC9139013 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary As global efforts to use eco-friendly and reusable materials increase, the use of lignin from waste biomass will continue to intensify. Lignin is an underutilized biowaste macromolecule that is gaining considerable interest in biomedical research. However, the source of lignin and the extraction process heavily influence its chemistry, which can influence a cell’s reaction to lignin. Organosolv lignin is extracted via an eco-friendly process from leftover waste material. Few studies have tested the biocompatibility of organosolv lignins with human cells. We extensively characterized fractionated organosolv lignin and performed in vitro cytotoxicity safety screening on diverse primary human cell types commonly used in tissue engineering. This is the first study to show that, at a balanced concentration, fractionated low MW beechwood-derived organosolv lignin is non-cytotoxic to highly relevant human cell types used in tissue engineering including human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), chondrocytes, osteoblasts, periodontal ligament fibroblasts, gingival fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Additionally, we show that organosolv lignin can be used to fabricate cell scaffolds and that addition of lignin increased the stiffness and viscosity of the scaffolds as well as cell attachment. This suggests that organosolv lignin may be used in the generation of tissue-like biomaterial-based constructs for tissue repair. Abstract There is limited data assessing the cytotoxic effects of organosolv lignin with cells commonly used in tissue engineering. Structural and physico-chemical characterization of fractionated organosolv lignin showed that a decrease of the molecular weight (MW) is accompanied by a less branched conformation of the phenolic biopolymer (higher S/G ratio) and an increased number of aliphatic hydroxyl functionalities. Enabling stronger polymer−solvent interactions, as proven by the Hansen solubility parameter analysis, low MW organosolv lignin (2543 g/mol) is considered to be compatible with common biomaterials. Using low MW lignin, high cell viability (70–100%) was achieved after 2 h, 24 h and 7 days using the following lignin concentrations: MSCs and osteoblasts (0.02 mg/mL), gingival fibroblasts and keratinocytes (0.02 to 0.04 mg/mL), periodontal ligament fibroblasts and chondrocytes (0.02 to 0.08 mg/mL). Cell viability was reduced at higher concentrations, indicating that high concentrations are cytotoxic. Higher cell viability was attained using 30/70 (w/v) NaOH vs. 40/60 (w/v) EtOH as the initial lignin solvent. Hydrogels containing low MW lignin (0.02 to 0.3 mg/mL) in agarose dose-dependently increased chondrocyte attachment (cell viability 84–100%) and hydrogel viscosity and stiffness to 3–11 kPa, similar to the pericellular matrix of chondrocytes. This suggests that low MW organosolv lignin may be used in many tissue engineering fields.
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Chen Y, Zhai MJ, Mehwish N, Xu MD, Wang Y, Gong YX, Ren MM, Deng H, Lee BH. Comparison of globular albumin methacryloyl and random-coil gelatin methacryloyl: Preparation, hydrogel properties, cell behaviors, and mineralization. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 204:692-708. [PMID: 35150780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bovine serum albumin methacryloyl (BSAMA) is a newly emerging photocurable globular protein-based material whereas gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is one of the most popular photocurable fibrous protein-based materials. So far, the influence of their different structural conformations as building blocks on hydrogel properties and mineral deposition has not been investigated. Here, we compared their differences in structures, gelation kinetics, hydrogel properties, mineralization, and cell behaviors. BSAMA maintained a stable globular structure while GelMA exhibited temperature-sensitive conformations (4 - 37 °C). BSAMA displayed slower gelation kinetics and much more retarded enzymatic degradation compared to GelMA. Photocurable BSAMA (6.41 - 390.95 kPa) and GelMA hydrogels (36.09 - 199.70 kPa) exhibited tunable mechanical properties depending on their concentrations (10 - 20%). Interestingly, BSAMA hydrogels mineralized needle-like apatite (Ca/P: 1.409) with higher crystallinity compared to GelMA hydrogels (Ca/P: 1.344). BSAMA and GelMA supported satisfactory cell (MC3T3-L1) viability of 99.43 ± 0.57% and 97.14 ± 0.69%, respectively. However, BSAMA gels were less favorable to cell proliferation and migration than GelMA gels. In serum-free environments, cells on GelMA displayed a higher amount of attachment, a more elongated shape, and a longer protrusion compared to those on BSAMA (p < 0.01) during the early adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China; Department of Periodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Meng Jiao Zhai
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China
| | - Nabila Mehwish
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China
| | - Meng Die Xu
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yi Xuan Gong
- Department of Periodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Man Man Ren
- Department of Periodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Hui Deng
- Department of Periodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
| | - Bae Hoon Lee
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Rengerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China.
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10
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Aprile P, Whelan IT, Sathy BN, Carroll SF, Kelly DJ. Soft Hydrogel Environments that Facilitate Cell Spreading and Aggregation Preferentially Support Chondrogenesis of Adult Stem Cells. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2100365. [PMID: 35171524 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) represent a promising cell type for treating damaged and diseased synovial joints. The therapeutic potential of MSCs will be facilitated by the engineering of biomaterial environments capable of directing their fate. Here we explored the interplay between matrix elasticity and cell morphology in regulating the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs when seeded onto or encapsulated within hydrogels made of interpenetrating networks (IPN) of alginate and collagen type I. This IPN system enabled the independent control of substrate stiffness (in 2D and in 3D) and cell morphology (3D only). In a 2D culture environment, the expression of chondrogenic markers SOX9, ACAN and COL2 increased on a soft substrate, which correlated with increased SMAD2/3 nuclear localization, enhanced MSCs condensation and the formation of larger cellular aggregates. The encapsulation of spread MSCs within a soft IPN dramatically increased the expression of cartilage-specific genes, which was linked to higher levels of cellular condensation and nuclear SMAD2/3 localization. Surprisingly, cells forced to adopt a more rounded morphology within the same soft IPNs expressed higher levels of the osteogenic markers RUNX2 and COL1. The insight provided by this study suggests that a mechanobiology informed approach to biomaterial development will be integral to the development of successful cartilage tissue engineering strategies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Aprile
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ian T Whelan
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,CÚRAM Center for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Binulal N Sathy
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Centre for Nanoscience and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India
| | - Simon F Carroll
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel J Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,CÚRAM Center for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,The Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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11
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Saggioro M, D'Agostino S, Gallo A, Crotti S, D'Aronco S, Corallo D, Veltri G, Martinez G, Grigoletto A, Tolomeo AM, Tafuro G, Agostini M, Aveic S, Serafin V, Semenzato A, Pasut G, Pozzobon M. A rhabdomyosarcoma hydrogel model to unveil cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Biomater Sci 2021; 10:124-137. [PMID: 34796888 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00929j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) culture systems have progressively attracted attention given their potential to overcome limitations of classical 2D in vitro systems. Among different supports for 3D cell culture, hydrogels (HGs) offer important advantages such as tunable mechanical and biological properties. Here, a biocompatible hyaluronic acid-polyethylene glycol HG was developed to explore the pro-migratory behavior of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) cells. Proteomic analysis of ARMS xenografts unveiled the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) elucidating the most representative proteins. In parallel, HGs were obtained by the combination of a thiol-containing hyaluronic acid derivative and different polyethylene glycol (PEG) dimaleimide polymers. The selection of the optimal HG for ARMS cell growth was made based on degradation time, swelling, and cell distribution. Rheology measures and mechanical properties were assessed in the presence or absence of ECM proteins (collagen type I and fibronectin), as well as viability tests and cell distribution analysis. The role of ITGA5, the receptor of fibronectin, in determining ARMS cell migration was validated in vitro upon ITGA5 silencing. In vivo, cell dissemination and the capacity for engrafting were validated after injecting ARMS cell populations enriched for the level of ITGA5 in zebrafish embryos. To study the interactions with ARMS-specific ECM proteins (HG + P), the key players from the Rho and heat-shock pathways were investigated by reverse phase protein array (RPPA). Our data suggest that the developed 3D ARMS model is useful for identifying potential physical hallmarks that allow cancer cells to resist therapy, escape from the immune-system and increase dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Saggioro
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy. .,Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania D'Agostino
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy. .,Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Gallo
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy. .,Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Sara Crotti
- NIB Lab Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara D'Aronco
- NIB Lab Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Diana Corallo
- Laboratory of Target Discovery and Biology of Neuroblastoma, Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Veltri
- Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, 35127 Padova, Italy.,Oncohematology Laboratory, Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Gabriele Martinez
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Antonella Grigoletto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Tolomeo
- Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, 35127 Padova, Italy.,L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tafuro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Marco Agostini
- First Surgical Clinic Section, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy.,NIB Lab Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy.,L.i.f.e.L.a.b. Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria (CORIS), 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Sanja Aveic
- Laboratory of Target Discovery and Biology of Neuroblastoma, Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy.,Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Valentina Serafin
- Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, 35127 Padova, Italy.,Oncohematology Laboratory, Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Semenzato
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Gianfranco Pasut
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Michela Pozzobon
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy. .,Department of Women and Children Health, University of Padova, 35127 Padova, Italy
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12
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Walters B, Turner PA, Rolauffs B, Hart ML, Stegemann JP. Controlled Growth Factor Delivery and Cyclic Stretch Induces a Smooth Muscle Cell-like Phenotype in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113123. [PMID: 34831345 PMCID: PMC8624888 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are an abundant and easily accessible multipotent stem cell source with potential application in smooth muscle regeneration strategies. In 3D collagen hydrogels, we investigated whether sustained release of growth factors (GF) PDGF-AB and TGF-β1 from GF-loaded microspheres could induce a smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype in ASCs, and if the addition of uniaxial cyclic stretch could enhance the differentiation level. This study demonstrated that the combination of cyclic stretch and GF release over time from loaded microspheres potentiated the differentiation of ASCs, as quantified by protein expression of early to late SMC differentiation markers (SMA, TGLN and smooth muscle MHC). The delivery of GFs via microspheres produced large ASCs with a spindle-shaped, elongated SMC-like morphology. Cyclic strain produced the largest, longest, and most spindle-shaped cells regardless of the presence or absence of growth factors or the growth factor delivery method. Protein expression and cell morphology data confirmed that the sustained release of GFs from GF-loaded microspheres can be used to promote the differentiation of ASCs into SMCs and that the addition of uniaxial cyclic stretch significantly enhances the differentiation level, as quantified by intermediate and late SMC markers and a SMC-like elongated cell morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandan Walters
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 1107 Carl A. Gerstacker Building, 2200 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (B.W.); (P.A.T.)
| | - Paul A. Turner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 1107 Carl A. Gerstacker Building, 2200 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (B.W.); (P.A.T.)
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Engesserstraße 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Melanie L. Hart
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Engesserstraße 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany;
- Correspondence: (M.L.H.); (J.P.S.); Tel.: +49-(761)-270-26102 (M.L.H.); +001-(734)-764-8313 (J.P.S.)
| | - Jan P. Stegemann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 1107 Carl A. Gerstacker Building, 2200 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (B.W.); (P.A.T.)
- Correspondence: (M.L.H.); (J.P.S.); Tel.: +49-(761)-270-26102 (M.L.H.); +001-(734)-764-8313 (J.P.S.)
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13
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Human osteoblast and fibroblast response to oral implant biomaterials functionalized with non-thermal oxygen plasma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17302. [PMID: 34453071 PMCID: PMC8397744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96526-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma-treatment of oral implant biomaterials prior to clinical insertion is envisaged as a potential surface modification method for enhanced implant healing. To investigate a putative effect of plasma-functionalized implant biomaterials on oral tissue cells, this investigation examined the response of alveolar bone osteoblasts and gingival fibroblasts to clinically established zirconia- and titanium-based implant surfaces for bone and soft tissue integration. The biomaterials were either functionalized with oxygen-plasma in a plasma-cleaner or left untreated as controls, and were characterized in terms of topography and wettability. For the biological evaluation, the cell adhesion, morphogenesis, metabolic activity and proliferation were examined, since these parameters are closely interconnected during cell-biomaterial interaction. The results revealed that plasma-functionalization increased implant surface wettability. The magnitude of this effect thereby depended on surface topography parameters and initial wettability of the biomaterials. Concerning the cell response, plasma-functionalization of smooth surfaces affected initial fibroblast morphogenesis, whereas osteoblast morphology on rough surfaces was mainly influenced by topography. The plasma- and topography-induced differential cell morphologies were however not strong enough to trigger a change in proliferation behaviour. Hence, the results indicate that oxygen plasma-functionalization represents a possible cytocompatible implant surface modification method which can be applied for tailoring implant surface wettability.
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14
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Ostrowska-Podhorodecka Z, Ding I, Lee W, Tanic J, Abbasi S, Arora PD, Liu RS, Patteson AE, Janmey PA, McCulloch CA. Vimentin tunes cell migration on collagen by controlling β1 integrin activation and clustering. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs.254359. [PMID: 33558312 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.254359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vimentin is a structural protein that is required for mesenchymal cell migration and directly interacts with actin, β1 integrin and paxillin. We examined how these interactions enable vimentin to regulate cell migration on collagen. In fibroblasts, depletion of vimentin increased talin-dependent activation of β1 integrin by more than 2-fold. Loss of vimentin was associated with reduction of β1 integrin clustering by 50% and inhibition of paxillin recruitment to focal adhesions by more than 60%, which was restored by vimentin expression. This reduction of paxillin was associated with 65% lower Cdc42 activation, a 60% reduction of cell extension formation and a greater than 35% decrease in cell migration on collagen. The activation of PAK1, a downstream effector of Cdc42, was required for vimentin phosphorylation and filament maturation. We propose that vimentin tunes cell migration through collagen by acting as an adaptor protein for focal adhesion proteins, thereby regulating β1 integrin activation, resulting in well-organized, mature integrin clusters.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel Ding
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Wilson Lee
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Jelena Tanic
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Sevil Abbasi
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Pamma D Arora
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Richard S Liu
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Alison E Patteson
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6393, USA.,Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Paul A Janmey
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6393, USA
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15
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Giuliani G, Vumbaca S, Fuoco C, Gargioli C, Giorda E, Massacci G, Palma A, Reggio A, Riccio F, Rosina M, Vinci M, Castagnoli L, Cesareni G. SCA-1 micro-heterogeneity in the fate decision of dystrophic fibro/adipogenic progenitors. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:122. [PMID: 33495447 PMCID: PMC7835386 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03408-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The term micro-heterogeneity refers to non-genetic cell to cell variability observed in a bell-shaped distribution of the expression of a trait within a population. The contribution of micro-heterogeneity to physiology and pathology remains largely uncharacterised. To address such an issue, we investigated the impact of heterogeneity in skeletal muscle fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) isolated from an animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the mdx mouse. FAPs play an essential role in muscle homoeostasis. However, in pathological conditions or ageing, they are the source of intramuscular infiltrations of fibrotic or adipose tissue. By applying a multiplex flow cytometry assay, we characterised and purified from mdx muscles two FAP cell states expressing different levels of SCA-1. The two cell states are morphologically identical and repopulate each other after several growth cycles. However, they differ in their in vitro behaviour. Cells expressing higher levels of SCA-1 (SCA1-High-FAPs) differentiate more readily into adipocytes while, when exposed to a fibrogenic stimulation, increase the expression of Col1a1 and Timp1 mRNA. A transcriptomic analysis confirmed the adipogenic propensity of SCA1-High-FAPs. In addition, SCA1-High-FAPs proliferate more extensively ex vivo and display more proliferating cells in dystrophic muscles in comparison to SCA1-Low-FAPs. Adipogenesis of both FAP cell states is inhibited in vitro by leucocytes from young dystrophic mice, while leucocytes isolated from aged dystrophic mice are less effective in limiting the adipogenesis of SCA1-High-FAPs suggesting a differential regulatory effect of the microenvironment on micro-heterogeneity. Our data suggest that FAP micro-heterogeneity is modulated in pathological conditions and that this heterogeneity in turn may impact on the behaviour of interstitial mesenchymal cells in genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Giuliani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
| | - Simone Vumbaca
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Fuoco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Cesare Gargioli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Ezio Giorda
- Core Facilities, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Massacci
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palma
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Reggio
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Riccio
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Rosina
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Vinci
- Department of Onco-haematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Castagnoli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Gianni Cesareni
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Santa Lucia Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
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16
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Chen S, Shen J, Zhao J, Wang J, Shan T, Li J, Xu M, Chen X, Liu Y, Cao G. Magnolol Suppresses Pancreatic Cancer Development In Vivo and In Vitro via Negatively Regulating TGF-β/Smad Signaling. Front Oncol 2020; 10:597672. [PMID: 33344246 PMCID: PMC7738609 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.597672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnolol, a hydroxylated biphenyl extracted from Magnolia officinalis, has recently drawn attention due to its anticancer potential. The present study was aimed to explore the effects of Magnolol on restraining the proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer in vivo and in vitro. Magnolol showed significant anti-growth effect in an orthotopic xenograft nude mouse model, and immunohistochemical staining of the xenografts revealed that Magnolol suppressed vimentin expression and facilitated E-cadherin expression. The cytoactive detection using CCK-8 assay showed Magnolol inhibited PANC-1 and AsPC-1 concentration-dependently. Scratch healing assay and the Transwell invasion assay proved the inhibiting effects of Magnolol on cellular migration and invasion at a non-cytotoxic concentration. Western blot and rt-PCR showed that Magnolol suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal-transition by increasing the expression level of E-cadherin and decreasing those of N-cadherin and vimentin. Magnolol suppressed the TGF-β/Smad pathway by negatively regulating phosphorylation of Smad2/3. Moreover, TGF-β1 impaired the antitumor effects of Magnolol in vivo. These results demonstrated that Magnolol can inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion in vivo and in vitro by suppressing the TGF-β signal pathway and EMT. Magnolol could be a hopeful therapeutic drug for pancreatic malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiaqi Shen
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiazhong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Shan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junhui Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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17
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Adak A, Unal YC, Yucel S, Vural Z, Turan FB, Yalcin-Ozuysal O, Ozcivici E, Mese G. Connexin 32 induces pro-tumorigenic features in MCF10A normal breast cells and MDA-MB-231 metastatic breast cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118851. [PMID: 32918981 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Connexins (Cx), the basic subunit of gap junctions, play important roles in cell homeostasis, and their abnormal expression and function are associated with human hereditary diseases and cancers. In tumorigenesis, connexins were observed to have both anti-tumorigenic and pro-tumorigenic roles in a context- and stage-dependent manner. Initially, Cx26 and Cx43 were thought to be the only connexins involved in normal breast homeostasis and breast cancer. Later on, association of Cx32 expression with lymph node metastasis of breast cancer and subsequent demonstration of its expression in normal breast tissue suggested that Cx32 contributes to breast tissue homeostasis. Here, we aimed to determine the effects of Cx32 on normal breast cells, MCF10A, and on breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231. Cx32 overexpression had profound effects on MCF10A cells, decreasing cell proliferation by increasing the doubling time of MCF10A. Furthermore, MCF10A cells acquired mesenchymal-like appearance upon Cx32 expression and had increased migration capacity and expression of both E-cadherin and vimentin. In contrast, Cx32 overexpression altered the EMT markers of MDA-MB-231 by increasing the expression of mesenchymal markers, such as slug and vimentin, and decreasing E-cadherin expression without affecting their proliferation and morphology. Our results indicate, for the first time in the literature, that Cx32 has tumor-promoting roles in MCF10A and MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli Adak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yagmur Ceren Unal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Simge Yucel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zehra Vural
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Basak Turan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozden Yalcin-Ozuysal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Engin Ozcivici
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gulistan Mese
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey.
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18
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Fully absorbable poly-4-hydroxybutyrate implants exhibit more favorable cell-matrix interactions than polypropylene. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 120:111702. [PMID: 33545861 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a multifactorial condition characterized by the descent of the pelvic organs due to the loss of supportive tissue strength. This is presumably caused by the decreased fibroblast function and the subsequent change in the quality of the extracellular matrix. The correction of POP using an implant intends to provide mechanical support to the pelvic organs and to stimulate a moderate host response. Synthetic polypropylene (PP) implants were commonly used for the correction of prolapse. Although they were successful in providing support, these implants have been associated with clinical complications in the long term due to substantial foreign body response and inappropriate tissue integration. The complications can be avoided or minimized by engineering a biocompatible and fully absorbable implant with optimized mechanical and structural characteristics that favor more appropriate cellular interactions with the implant. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated implants comprised of poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB), a fully absorbable material with high mechanical strength, as an alternative to PP. The P4HB implants were knitted in four unique designs with different pore shapes ranging from a more rectangular geometry- as it is in PP implant- to a rounded geometry, to determine the effect of the implant structure on the textural and mechanical properties and subsequent cell-matrix interaction. The cellular response was investigated by seeding primary vaginal fibroblasts isolated from patients with POP. P4HB favored cellular functions more than PP, as indicated by greater cell attachment and proliferation (P < 0.01), and significantly more collagen deposition (P4HB vs PP, 11.19 μg vs 6.67 μg) at 28 days culture (P < 0.05). All P4HB implants had higher strength and lower stiffness than the PP scaffold. The material and the design of the implant also influenced the behavior of vaginal fibroblasts. The aspect ratio of the vaginal POP fibroblasts cultured on the PP implant (1.61 ± 0.75) was significantly (P < 0.005) smaller than those cultured on P4HB implants (average 2.31 ± 0.09). The P4HB structure with rounded pores showed the lowest stiffness and highest fibroblast attachment and proliferation (P < 0.01). Overall, P4HB induces more matrix deposition compared to PP and knit design can further optimize cell behavior.
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Shie MY, Lee JJ, Ho CC, Yen SY, Ng HY, Chen YW. Effects of Gelatin Methacrylate Bio-ink Concentration on Mechano-Physical Properties and Human Dermal Fibroblast Behavior. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1930. [PMID: 32859028 PMCID: PMC7565187 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMa) is a very versatile biomaterial widely used in various biomedical applications. The addition of methacryloyl makes it possible to have hydrogels with varying mechanical properties due to its photocuring characteristics. In addition, gelatin is obtained and derived from natural material; thus, it retains various cell-friendly motifs, such as arginine-glycine-aspartic acid, which then provides implanted cells with a friendly environment for proliferation and differentiation. In this study, we fabricated human dermal fibroblast cell (hDF)-laden photocurable GelMa hydrogels with varying physical properties (5%, 10%, and 15%) and assessed them for cellular responses and behavior, including cell spreading, proliferation, and the degree of extracellular matrix remodeling. Under similar photocuring conditions, lower concentrations of GelMa hydrogels had lower mechanical properties than higher concentrations. Furthermore, other properties, such as swelling and degradation, were compared in this study. In addition, our findings revealed that there were increased remodeling and proliferation markers in the 5% GelMa group, which had lower mechanical properties. However, it was important to note that cellular viabilities were not affected by the stiffness of the hydrogels. With this result in mind, we attempted to fabricate 5-15% GelMa scaffolds (20 × 20 × 3 mm3) to assess their feasibility for use in skin regeneration applications. The results showed that both 10% and 15% GelMa scaffolds could be fabricated easily at room temperature by adjusting several parameters, such as printing speed and extrusion pressure. However, since the sol-gel temperature of 5% GelMa was noted to be lower than its counterparts, 5% GelMa scaffolds had to be printed at low temperatures. In conclusion, GelMa once again was shown to be an ideal biomaterial for various tissue engineering applications due to its versatile mechanical and biological properties. This study showed the feasibility of GelMa in skin tissue engineering and its potential as an alternative for skin transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-You Shie
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan;
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Jian-Jr Lee
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (J.-J.L.); (H.Y.N.)
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Ho
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan;
- 3D Printing Medical Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan
| | - Ssu-Yin Yen
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Hooi Yee Ng
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (J.-J.L.); (H.Y.N.)
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan
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Controlling osteoblast morphology and proliferation via surface micro-topographies of implant biomaterials. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12810. [PMID: 32732908 PMCID: PMC7393177 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69685-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research on surface modifications has yielded advanced implant biomaterials. Various implant surface modifications have been shown to be promising in improving bone target cell response, but more comprehensive studies whether certain implant surface modifications can directly target cell behavioural features such as morphogenesis and proliferation are needed. Here, we studied the response of primary alveolar bone cells on various implant surface modifications in terms of osteoblast morphology and proliferation in vitro. Analyses of surface modifications led to surface-related test parameters including the topographical parameters micro-roughness, texture aspect and surface enlargement as well as the physicochemical parameter surface wettability. We compared osteoblast morphology and proliferation towards the above-mentioned parameters and found that texture aspect and surface enlargement but not surface roughness or wettability exhibited significant impact on osteoblast morphology and proliferation. Detailed analysis revealed osteoblast proliferation as a function of cell morphology, substantiated by an osteoblast size- and morphology-dependent increase in mitotic activity. These findings show that implant surface topography controls cell behavioural morphology and subsequently cell proliferation, thereby opening the road for cell instructive biomaterials.
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Selig M, Lauer JC, Hart ML, Rolauffs B. Mechanotransduction and Stiffness-Sensing: Mechanisms and Opportunities to Control Multiple Molecular Aspects of Cell Phenotype as a Design Cornerstone of Cell-Instructive Biomaterials for Articular Cartilage Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5399. [PMID: 32751354 PMCID: PMC7432012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since material stiffness controls many cell functions, we reviewed the currently available knowledge on stiffness sensing and elucidated what is known in the context of clinical and experimental articular cartilage (AC) repair. Remarkably, no stiffness information on the various biomaterials for clinical AC repair was accessible. Using mRNA expression profiles and morphology as surrogate markers of stiffness-related effects, we deduced that the various clinically available biomaterials control chondrocyte (CH) phenotype well, but not to equal extents, and only in non-degenerative settings. Ample evidence demonstrates that multiple molecular aspects of CH and mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) phenotype are susceptible to material stiffness, because proliferation, migration, lineage determination, shape, cytoskeletal properties, expression profiles, cell surface receptor composition, integrin subunit expression, and nuclear shape and composition of CHs and/or MSCs are stiffness-regulated. Moreover, material stiffness modulates MSC immuno-modulatory and angiogenic properties, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced lineage determination, and CH re-differentiation/de-differentiation, collagen type II fragment production, and TGF-β1- and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β)-induced changes in cell stiffness and traction force. We then integrated the available molecular signaling data into a stiffness-regulated CH phenotype model. Overall, we recommend using material stiffness for controlling cell phenotype, as this would be a promising design cornerstone for novel future-oriented, cell-instructive biomaterials for clinical high-quality AC repair tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa Selig
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (M.S.); (J.C.L.); (M.L.H.)
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin C. Lauer
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (M.S.); (J.C.L.); (M.L.H.)
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie L. Hart
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (M.S.); (J.C.L.); (M.L.H.)
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; (M.S.); (J.C.L.); (M.L.H.)
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Morabito C, Guarnieri S, Cucina A, Bizzarri M, Mariggiò MA. Antioxidant Strategy to Prevent Simulated Microgravity-Induced Effects on Bone Osteoblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103638. [PMID: 32455731 PMCID: PMC7279347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects induced by microgravity on human body functions have been widely described, in particular those on skeletal muscle and bone tissues. This study aims to implement information on the possible countermeasures necessary to neutralize the oxidative imbalance induced by microgravity on osteoblastic cells. Using the model of murine MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells, cellular morphology, proliferation, and metabolism were investigated during exposure to simulated microgravity on a random positioning machine in the absence or presence of an antioxidant—the 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox). Our results confirm that simulated microgravity-induced morphological and metabolic alterations characterized by increased levels of reactive oxygen species and a slowdown of the proliferative rate. Interestingly, the use of Trolox inhibited the simulated microgravity-induced effects. Indeed, the antioxidant-neutralizing oxidants preserved cell cytoskeletal architecture and restored cell proliferation rate and metabolism. The use of appropriate antioxidant countermeasures could prevent the modifications and damage induced by microgravity on osteoblastic cells and consequently on bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Morabito
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and clinical Sciences—Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 06100 Chieti, Italy; (C.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Simone Guarnieri
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and clinical Sciences—Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 06100 Chieti, Italy; (C.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Alessandra Cucina
- Department of Surgery “Pietro Valdoni”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
- Azienda Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariano Bizzarri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Systems Biology Group Lab, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria A. Mariggiò
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and clinical Sciences—Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 06100 Chieti, Italy; (C.M.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0871-541399
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Barisic D, Erb M, Follo M, Al-Mudaris D, Rolauffs B, Hart ML. Lack of a skeletal muscle phenotype in adult human bone marrow stromal cells following xenogeneic-free expansion. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:79. [PMID: 32087752 PMCID: PMC7036219 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-1587-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have elegantly shown that murine and rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (bmMSCs) contribute to muscle regeneration and improve muscle function. Yet, the ability of transplanted human bmMSCs to manifest myogenic potential shows conflicting results. While human adipose- and umbilical cord-derived MSCs can be differentiated into a skeletal muscle phenotype using horse serum (HS), bmMSCs have only been shown to differentiate towards the skeletal muscle lineage using a complex mixture of cytokines followed by transfection with notch intracellular domain. Methods Since xenogeneic-free growth supplements are increasingly being used in the expansion of bmMSCs in clinical trials, we investigated the effects of human plasma and platelet lysate (P/PL) on the expression of neuromuscular markers and whether P/PL-expanded human bmMSCs could be differentiated towards a skeletal myogenic phenotype. Neuromuscular markers were measured using the highly sensitive droplet digital polymerase chain reaction for measuring the expression of Myf5, MyoD, MyoG, ACTA1, Desmin, GAP-43, and Coronin 1b transcripts, by performing immunofluorescence for the expression of Desmin, GAP-43, and MEF2, and flow cytometry for the expression of CD56/neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). Results Despite that bmMSCs expressed the myogenic regulatory factor (MRF) MEF2 after expansion in P/PL, bmMSCs cultured under such conditions did not express other essential MRFs including Myf5, MyoD, MyoG, or ACTA1 needed for myogenesis. Moreover, HS did not induce myogenesis of bmMSCs and hence did not induce the expression of any of these myogenic markers. P/PL, however, did lead to a significant increase in neurogenic GAP-43, as well as Desmin expression, and resulted in a high baseline expression of the neurogenic gene Coronin 1b which was sustained under further P/PL or HS culture conditions. Fetal bovine serum resulted in equally high levels of GAP-43 and Coronin 1b. Moreover, the proportion of CD56/NCAM-positive bmMSCs cultured in P/PL was 5.9 ± 2.1. Conclusions These data suggest that P/PL may prime a small portion of bmMSCs towards an early neural precursor cell type. Collectively, this shows that P/PL partially primes the cells towards a neurogenic phenotype, but does not prime adult human bmMSCs towards the skeletal muscle lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Barisic
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marita Erb
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marie Follo
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dahlia Al-Mudaris
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie L Hart
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Zhou L, Yau A, Yu H, Kuhn L, Guo W, Chen Y. Self-assembled biomimetic Nano-Matrix for stem cell anchorage. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:984-991. [PMID: 31904174 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely applied in biomedicine due to their ability to differentiate into many different cell types and their ability to synthesize a broad spectrum of growth factors and cytokines that directly and indirectly influence other cells in their vicinity. To guide MSC infiltration to a bone fracture site, we developed a novel self-assembled Nano-Matrix which can be used as an injectable scaffold to repair bone fractures. The Nano-Matrix is formed by Janus base nanotubes (JBNTs) and fibronectin (FN). JBNTs are nucleobase-derived nanotubes mimicking collagen fibers, and FN is one of the cell adhesive glycoproteins which is responsible for cell-extracellular matrix interactions and guides stem cell migration and differentiation to desired cells types. Here, we demonstrated the successful fabrication and characterization of the JBNT/FN Nano-Matrix as well as its excellent bioactivity that encouraged human MSC migration and adhesion. This work lays a solid foundation for using the Nano-Matrix as an injectable approach to improve MSC retention and function during bone fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Anne Yau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.,Brown University Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Hongchuan Yu
- Brown University Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Liisa Kuhn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Wei Guo
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.,Brown University Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
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Melica ME, La Regina G, Parri M, Peired AJ, Romagnani P, Lasagni L. Substrate Stiffness Modulates Renal Progenitor Cell Properties via a ROCK-Mediated Mechanotransduction Mechanism. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121561. [PMID: 31816967 PMCID: PMC6953094 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell (SC)-based tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (RM) approaches may provide alternative therapeutic strategies for the rising number of patients suffering from chronic kidney disease. Embryonic SCs and inducible pluripotent SCs are the most frequently used cell types, but autologous patient-derived renal SCs, such as human CD133+CD24+ renal progenitor cells (RPCs), represent a preferable option. RPCs are of interest also for the RM approaches based on the pharmacological encouragement of in situ regeneration by endogenous SCs. An understanding of the biochemical and biophysical factors that influence RPC behavior is essential for improving their applicability. We investigated how the mechanical properties of the substrate modulate RPC behavior in vitro. We employed collagen I-coated hydrogels with variable stiffness to modulate the mechanical environment of RPCs and found that their morphology, proliferation, migration, and differentiation toward the podocyte lineage were highly dependent on mechanical stiffness. Indeed, a stiff matrix induced cell spreading and focal adhesion assembly trough a Rho kinase (ROCK)-mediated mechanism. Similarly, the proliferative and migratory capacity of RPCs increased as stiffness increased and ROCK inhibition, by either Y27632 or antisense LNA-GapmeRs, abolished these effects. The acquisition of podocyte markers was also modulated, in a narrow range, by the elastic modulus and involved ROCK activity. Our findings may aid in 1) the optimization of RPC culture conditions to favor cell expansion or to induce efficient differentiation with important implication for RPC bioprocessing, and in 2) understanding how alterations of the physical properties of the renal tissue associated with diseases could influenced the regenerative response of RPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Melica
- Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), Viale Morgagni 50, 50136 Florence, Italy; (M.E.M.); (A.J.P.); (P.R.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (G.L.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Gilda La Regina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (G.L.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Matteo Parri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (G.L.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Anna Julie Peired
- Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), Viale Morgagni 50, 50136 Florence, Italy; (M.E.M.); (A.J.P.); (P.R.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (G.L.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Paola Romagnani
- Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), Viale Morgagni 50, 50136 Florence, Italy; (M.E.M.); (A.J.P.); (P.R.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (G.L.R.); (M.P.)
- Nephrology Unit and Meyer Children’s University Hospital, Viale Pieraccini 24, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Lasagni
- Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), Viale Morgagni 50, 50136 Florence, Italy; (M.E.M.); (A.J.P.); (P.R.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (G.L.R.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-055-2758165
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Lakra R, Kiran MS, Korrapati PS. Electrospun gelatin-polyethylenimine blend nanofibrous scaffold for biomedical applications. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:129. [PMID: 31776679 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6336-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, gelatin-polyethylenimine blend nanofibers (GEL/PEI) were fabricated via electrospinning with different ratios (9:1, 6:1, 3:1) to integrate the properties of both the polymers for evaluating its biomedical application. From scanning electron microscopy, the average diameter of blend nanofibers (265 ± 0.074 nm to 340 ± 0.088 nm) was observed to be less than GEL nanofibers (403 ± 0.08 nm). The incorporation of PEI with gelatin resulted in improved thermal stability of nanofibers whereas the Young's modulus was observed to be higher at 9:1 ratio when compared with other ratios. The in vitro studies showed that the GEL/PEI nanofibers with 9:1 ratio promoted better cell adhesion and viability. GEL/PEI nanofibers with 9:1 and 6:1 showed hemolysis within the permissible limits. From the results, it could be interpreted that GEL/PEI nanofibers with 9:1 ratio proved to be a better scaffold thereby making them a potential candidate for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachita Lakra
- Biological Materials Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Manikantan Syamala Kiran
- Biological Materials Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Purna Sai Korrapati
- Biological Materials Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, 600020, India.
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Argentati C, Morena F, Tortorella I, Bazzucchi M, Porcellati S, Emiliani C, Martino S. Insight into Mechanobiology: How Stem Cells Feel Mechanical Forces and Orchestrate Biological Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5337. [PMID: 31717803 PMCID: PMC6862138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cross-talk between stem cells and their microenvironment has been shown to have a direct impact on stem cells' decisions about proliferation, growth, migration, and differentiation. It is well known that stem cells, tissues, organs, and whole organisms change their internal architecture and composition in response to external physical stimuli, thanks to cells' ability to sense mechanical signals and elicit selected biological functions. Likewise, stem cells play an active role in governing the composition and the architecture of their microenvironment. Is now being documented that, thanks to this dynamic relationship, stemness identity and stem cell functions are maintained. In this work, we review the current knowledge in mechanobiology on stem cells. We start with the description of theoretical basis of mechanobiology, continue with the effects of mechanical cues on stem cells, development, pathology, and regenerative medicine, and emphasize the contribution in the field of the development of ex-vivo mechanobiology modelling and computational tools, which allow for evaluating the role of forces on stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Argentati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Francesco Morena
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Ilaria Tortorella
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Martina Bazzucchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Serena Porcellati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
- CEMIN, Center of Excellence on Nanostructured Innovative Materials, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sabata Martino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
- CEMIN, Center of Excellence on Nanostructured Innovative Materials, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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Yu M, Liu Y, Yu X, Li J, Zhao W, Hu J, Cheng K, Weng W, Zhang B, Wang H, Dong L. Enhanced osteogenesis of quasi-three-dimensional hierarchical topography. J Nanobiotechnology 2019; 17:102. [PMID: 31581945 PMCID: PMC6777029 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural extracellular matrices (ECMs) are three-dimensional (3D) and multi-scale hierarchical structure. However, coatings used as ECM-mimicking structures for osteogenesis are typically two-dimensional or single-scaled. Here, we design a distinct quasi-three-dimensional hierarchical topography integrated of density-controlled titania nanodots and nanorods. We find cellular pseudopods preferred to anchor deeply across the distinct 3D topography, dependently of the relative density of nanorods, which promote the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblast but not the viability of fibroblast. The in vivo experimental results further indicate that the new bone formation, the relative bone-implant contact as well as the push-put strength, are significantly enhanced on the 3D hierarchical topography. We also show that the exposures of HFN7.1 and mAb1937 critical functional motifs of fibronectin for cellular anchorage are up-regulated on the 3D hierarchical topography, which might synergistically promote the osteogenesis. Our findings suggest the multi-dimensions and multi-scales as vital characteristic of cell-ECM interactions and as an important design parameter for bone implant coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Yu
- The Affiliated Stomatologic Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yu Liu
- The Affiliated Stomatologic Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiaowen Yu
- The Affiliated Stomatologic Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Hangzhou Dental Hospital, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Wenquan Zhao
- The Affiliated Stomatologic Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Ji'an Hu
- The Affiliated Stomatologic Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Kui Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Wenjian Weng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Huiming Wang
- The Affiliated Stomatologic Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Lingqing Dong
- The Affiliated Stomatologic Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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29
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Plaster M, Singh S, Tavana H. Fibroblasts Promote Proliferation and Matrix Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells in Co‐Culture Models. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Madison Plaster
- Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325 USA
| | - Sunil Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325 USA
| | - Hossein Tavana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Akron Akron OH 44325 USA
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30
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Trivanović D, Drvenica I, Kukolj T, Obradović H, Okić Djordjević I, Mojsilović S, Krstić J, Bugarski B, Jauković A, Bugarski D. Adipoinductive effect of extracellular matrix involves cytoskeleton changes and SIRT1 activity in adipose tissue stem/stromal cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:S370-S382. [PMID: 30198336 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1494183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) homeostasis and expansion are dependent on complex crosstalk between resident adipose stromal/stem cells (ASCs) and AT extracellular matrix (ECM). Although adipose tissue ECM (atECM) is one of the key players in the stem cell niche, data on bidirectional interaction of ASCs and atECM are still scarce. Here, we investigated how atECM guides ASCs' differentiation. atECM altered shape and cytoskeleton organization of ASCs without changing their proliferation, β-galactosidase activity and adhesion. Cytoskeleton modifications occurred due to fostered parallel organization of F-actin and elevated expression of Vimentin in ASCs. After seven-day cultivation, atECM impaired osteogenesis of ASCs, simultaneously decreasing expression of Runx2. In addition, atECM accelerated early adipogenesis concomitantly with altered Vimentin organization in ASCs, slightly increasing PPARγ, while elevated Adiponectin and Vimentin mRNA expression. Early adipogenesis triggered by atECM was followed by upregulated mitochondrial activity and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression in ASCs. Proadipogenic events induced by atECM were mediated by SIRT1, indicating the supportive role of atECM in adipogenesis-related metabolic state of ASCs. These results provide a closer look at the effects of atECM on ASC physiology and may support the advancement of engineering design in soft tissue reconstruction and fundamental research of AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drenka Trivanović
- a Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells , Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Ivana Drvenica
- b Laboratory for Immunology , Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Tamara Kukolj
- a Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells , Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Hristina Obradović
- a Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells , Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Ivana Okić Djordjević
- a Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells , Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Slavko Mojsilović
- a Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells , Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Jelena Krstić
- a Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells , Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Branko Bugarski
- c Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Jauković
- a Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells , Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Diana Bugarski
- a Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells , Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
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31
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Bardelli D, Dander E, Bugarin C, Cappuzzello C, Pievani A, Fazio G, Pierani P, Corti P, Farruggia P, Dufour C, Cesaro S, Cipolli M, Biondi A, D'Amico G. Mesenchymal stromal cells from Shwachman-Diamond syndrome patients fail to recreate a bone marrow niche in vivo and exhibit impaired angiogenesis. Br J Haematol 2018; 182:114-124. [PMID: 29767474 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a rare multi-organ recessive disease mainly characterised by pancreatic insufficiency, skeletal defects, short stature and bone marrow failure (BMF). As in many other BMF syndromes, SDS patients are predisposed to develop a number of haematopoietic malignancies, particularly myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukaemia. However, the mechanism of cancer predisposition in SDS patients is only partially understood. In light of the emerging role of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the regulation of bone marrow homeostasis, we assessed the ability of MSCs derived from SDS patients (SDS-MSCs) to recreate a functional bone marrow niche, taking advantage of a murine heterotopic MSC transplant model. We show that the ability of semi-cartilaginous pellets (SCPs) derived from SDS-MSCs to generate complete heterotopic ossicles in vivo is severely impaired in comparison with HD-MSC-derived SCPs. Specifically, after in vitro angiogenic stimuli, SDS-MSCs showed a defective ability to form correct networks, capillary tubes and vessels and displayed a marked decrease in VEGFA expression. Altogether, these findings unveil a novel mechanism of SDS-mediated haematopoietic dysfunction based on hampered ability of SDS-MSCs to support angiogenesis. Overall, MSCs could represent a new appealing therapeutic target to treat dysfunctional haematopoiesis in paediatric SDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Bardelli
- Paediatric Department, Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Erica Dander
- Paediatric Department, Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Cristina Bugarin
- Paediatric Department, Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Claudia Cappuzzello
- Paediatric Department, Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Alice Pievani
- Department of Paediatrics, Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Grazia Fazio
- Paediatric Department, Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Paolo Pierani
- Department of Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paola Corti
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital/Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Piero Farruggia
- Department of Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, ARNAS Ospedali Civico, G Di Cristina, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carlo Dufour
- Haematology Unit, Giannina Gaslini Children's Research Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simone Cesaro
- Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Haematology Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Cipolli
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I - G.M. Lancisi - G. Salesi, Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Paediatric Department, Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital/Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Amico
- Paediatric Department, Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
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32
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Shaping the Cell and the Future: Recent Advancements in Biophysical Aspects Relevant to Regenerative Medicine. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/jfmk3010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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33
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Walters B, Uynuk-Ool T, Rothdiener M, Palm J, Hart ML, Stegemann JP, Rolauffs B. Engineering the geometrical shape of mesenchymal stromal cells through defined cyclic stretch regimens. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6640. [PMID: 28747783 PMCID: PMC5529555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06794-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have been predicted to improve disease outcomes and patient lives. Steering stem cell fate - through controlling cell shape - may substantially accelerate progress towards this goal. As mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are continuously exposed in vivo to a dynamically changing biomechanical environment, we hypothesized that exogenous forces can be applied for engineering a variety of significantly different MSC shapes. We applied specific cyclic stretch regimens to human MSCs and quantitatively measured the resulting cell shape, alignment, and expression of smooth muscle (SMC) differentiation markers, as those have been associated with elongated morphology. As proof of principle, a range of different shapes, alignments, and correlating SMC marker levels were generated by varying strain, length, and repetition of stretch. However, the major determinant of biomechanically engineering cellular shape was the repetition of a chosen stretch regimen, indicating that the engineered shape and associated differentiation were complex non-linear processes relying on sustained biomechanical stimulation. Thus, forces are key regulators of stem cell shape and the targeted engineering of specific MSC shapes through biomechanical forces represents a novel mechanobiology concept that could exploit naturally occurring in vivo forces for improving stem cell fate in clinical regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandan Walters
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 1107 Carl A. Gerstacker Building, 2200 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Tatiana Uynuk-Ool
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Waldhoernlestr. 22, 72072, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Miriam Rothdiener
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Waldhoernlestr. 22, 72072, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Julian Palm
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Waldhoernlestr. 22, 72072, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Melanie L Hart
- G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan P Stegemann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 1107 Carl A. Gerstacker Building, 2200 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany. .,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Cambridge, MA, 02319, USA.
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34
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Aurich M, Hofmann GO, Best N, Rolauffs B. Induced Redifferentiation of Human Chondrocytes from Articular Cartilage Lesion in Alginate Bead Culture After Monolayer Dedifferentiation: An Alternative Cell Source for Cell-Based Therapies? Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 24:275-286. [PMID: 28610480 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human chondrocytes isolated from articular cartilage (AC) lesions as an alternative cell source to the standard nonweight-bearing notch biopsy site may hold clinical potential for cell-based therapies. The aim was to characterize human AC lesion site chondrocytes, compare them to notch chondrocytes, and evaluate their redifferentiation potential after monolayer expansion and subsequent three-dimensional (3D) alginate bead culture. Lesion chondrocytes from knee joints of 20 patients with International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grade 3 and 4 cartilage defects were analyzed ex vivo or cultured in primary alginate bead culture, monolayer expansion, or redifferentiated in alginate culture following monolayer expansion. The mRNA expression of the types I, II, and X collagen, and the proteoglycan aggrecan was compared between the four groups. In addition, notch chondrocytes of nine patients were compared to lesion chondrocytes ex vivo. AC lesion chondrocytes displayed ex vivo a nondegenerative phenotype, characterized by a relatively high mRNA expression of aggrecan and type II and X collagen, but a low type I collagen expression and a low ratio of type I to II collagen mRNA expression. Compared to notch chondrocytes, the mRNA expression of aggrecan and type II collagen was comparable and the ratio of type I to II collagen mRNA expression was below 1 in both groups, indicating a functional chondrocyte phenotype. Dedifferentiation led to a significantly altered degenerative mRNA expression profile. Induced redifferentiation in alginate beads after monolayer expansion significantly improved the mRNA expression of aggrecan, the type I and II collagen, and the type I to II collagen ratio, compared to monolayer expansion only. These data suggested that redifferentiating lesion chondrocytes after monolayer expansion in alginate beads resulted in a pool of cells with greater chondrogenic potential, compared to expanded dedifferentiated chondrocytes. Collectively, these data suggest that ex vivo and redifferentiated lesion chondrocytes may hold nonutilized clinical potential for the tissue engineering of AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Aurich
- 1 Center for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Ingolstadt Hospital , Ingolstadt, Germany .,2 Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Jena , Jena, Germany .,3 Department of Biochemistry, Rush Medical College , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gunther O Hofmann
- 2 Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Jena , Jena, Germany
| | - Norman Best
- 4 Institute of Physiotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Jena , Jena, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- 5 G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany .,6 Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany .,7 Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Center for Biomedical Engineering, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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