1
|
Cao R, Chen B, Song K, Guo F, Pan H, Cao Y. Characterization and potential of periosteum-derived cells: an overview. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1235992. [PMID: 37554503 PMCID: PMC10405467 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1235992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
As a thin fibrous layer covering the bone surface, the periosteum plays a significant role in bone physiology during growth, development and remodeling. Over the past several decades, the periosteum has received considerable scientific attention as a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Periosteum-derived cells (PDCs) have emerged as a promising strategy for tissue engineering due to their chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacities. Starting from the history of PDCs, the present review provides an overview of their characterization and the procedures used for their isolation. This study also summarizes the chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic abilities of PDCs, serving as a reference about their potential therapeutic applications in various clinical scenarios, with particular emphasis on the comparison with other common sources of MSCs. As techniques continue to develop, a comprehensive analysis of the characterization and regulation of PDCs can be conducted, further demonstrating their role in tissue engineering. PDCs present promising potentials in terms of their osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic capacities. Further studies should focus on exploring their utility under multiple clinical scenarios to confirm their comparative benefit over other commonly used sources of MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongkai Cao
- Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Song
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fang Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haoxin Pan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yujie Cao
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Song Y, Li P, Xu Y, Lin Z, Deng Z, Chen C. Menstrual Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Encapsulated in Autologous Platelet-Rich Gel Facilitate Rotator Cuff Healing in a Rabbit Model of Chronic Tears. Am J Sports Med 2023:3635465231168104. [PMID: 37184028 DOI: 10.1177/03635465231168104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful management of chronic rotator cuff (RC) tears remains a challenge owing to its limited intrinsic healing capacity and unsatisfactory failure rate. Menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MenSCs) have the potential to differentiate into the chondrogenic or osteogenic lineage. Autologous platelet-rich gel (APG), a gel material derived from platelet-rich plasma (PRP), can be applied as a carrier system for cell delivery and also as a releasing system for endogenous growth factors. PURPOSE To investigate the effect of human MenSCs encapsulated in APG (MenSCs@APG) on the healing of chronic RC tears in a rabbit model. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS After evaluation of the effect of PRP on MenSC proliferation or differentiation, the stem cells were encapsulated in APG for in vivo injection. Supraspinatus tenotomy from the right greater tuberosity was performed on 45 New Zealand White rabbits. After 6 weeks, these rabbits were randomly allocated to 3 supplemental treatments during supraspinatus repair: saline injection (control [CTL] group), APG injection (APG group), and MenSCs@APG injection (MenSCs@APG group). At week 18, these rabbits were sacrificed to harvest the humerus-supraspinatus tendon complexes for micro-computed tomography (CT), histological evaluation, tensile test, and MenSC tracking. RESULTS In vitro results showed that APG can stimulate MenSC proliferation and enhance chondrogenic or osteogenic differentiation. In vivo results showed that APG can act as a carrier for delivering MenSCs into the healing site, and also as a stimulator for enhancing the in vivo performance of MenSCs. Micro-CT showed that bone volume/total volume and trabecular thickness of the new bone in the MenSCs@APG group presented significantly larger values than those of the APG or CTL group (P < .05 for all). Histologically, compared with the CTL or APG group, significantly more mature fibrocartilage regenerated at the healing site in the MenSCs@APG group. A large number of human nuclei-stained cells were observed in the MenSCs@APG group, presenting a similar appearance to fibrochondrocytes or osteocytes. Biomechanically, the MenSCs@APG group showed significantly higher failure load and stiffness than the APG or CTL group (P < .05 for all). CONCLUSION Human MenSCs@APG facilitated RC healing in a rabbit model of chronic tears. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Autogenous MenSCs@APG may be a new stem cell-based therapy for augmenting RC healing in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhangyuan Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenhan Deng
- Department of Sports Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Can Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Reshamwala R, Oieni F, Shah M. Non-stem Cell Mediated Tissue Regeneration and Repair. Regen Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-6008-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
|
4
|
Amler AK, Dinkelborg PH, Schlauch D, Spinnen J, Stich S, Lauster R, Sittinger M, Nahles S, Heiland M, Kloke L, Rendenbach C, Beck-Broichsitter B, Dehne T. Comparison of the Translational Potential of Human Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells from Different Bone Entities for Autologous 3D Bioprinted Bone Grafts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E796. [PMID: 33466904 PMCID: PMC7830021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of segmental bone defects by autologous bone grafting is still the standard of care but presents challenges including anatomical availability and potential donor site morbidity. The process of 3D bioprinting, the application of 3D printing for direct fabrication of living tissue, opens new possibilities for highly personalized tissue implants, making it an appealing alternative to autologous bone grafts. One of the most crucial hurdles for the clinical application of 3D bioprinting is the choice of a suitable cell source, which should be minimally invasive, with high osteogenic potential, with fast, easy expansion. In this study, mesenchymal progenitor cells were isolated from clinically relevant human bone biopsy sites (explant cultures from alveolar bone, iliac crest and fibula; bone marrow aspirates; and periosteal bone shaving from the mastoid) and 3D bioprinted using projection-based stereolithography. Printed constructs were cultivated for 28 days and analyzed regarding their osteogenic potential by assessing viability, mineralization, and gene expression. While viability levels of all cell sources were comparable over the course of the cultivation, cells obtained by periosteal bone shaving showed higher mineralization of the print matrix, with gene expression data suggesting advanced osteogenic differentiation. These results indicate that periosteum-derived cells represent a highly promising cell source for translational bioprinting of bone tissue given their superior osteogenic potential as well as their minimally invasive obtainability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Klara Amler
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (A.-K.A.); (D.S.); (R.L.)
- Cellbricks GmbH, 13355 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Patrick H. Dinkelborg
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (S.N.); (M.H.); (C.R.); (B.B.-B.)
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Rheumatology, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.S.); (S.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Domenic Schlauch
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (A.-K.A.); (D.S.); (R.L.)
- Cellbricks GmbH, 13355 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Jacob Spinnen
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Rheumatology, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.S.); (S.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Stefan Stich
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Rheumatology, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.S.); (S.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Roland Lauster
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (A.-K.A.); (D.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Michael Sittinger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Rheumatology, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.S.); (S.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Susanne Nahles
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (S.N.); (M.H.); (C.R.); (B.B.-B.)
| | - Max Heiland
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (S.N.); (M.H.); (C.R.); (B.B.-B.)
| | | | - Carsten Rendenbach
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (S.N.); (M.H.); (C.R.); (B.B.-B.)
| | - Benedicta Beck-Broichsitter
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (S.N.); (M.H.); (C.R.); (B.B.-B.)
| | - Tilo Dehne
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Rheumatology, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.S.); (S.S.); (M.S.); (T.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Song H, Park KH. Regulation and function of SOX9 during cartilage development and regeneration. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 67:12-23. [PMID: 32380234 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chondrogenesis is a highly coordinated event in embryo development, adult homeostasis, and repair of the vertebrate cartilage. Fate decisions and differentiation of chondrocytes accompany differential expression of genes critical for each step of chondrogenesis. SOX9 is a master transcription factor that participates in sequential events in chondrogenesis by regulating a series of downstream factors in a stage-specific manner. SOX9 either works alone or in combination with downstream SOX transcription factors, SOX5 and SOX6 as chondrogenic SOX Trio. SOX9 is reduced in the articular cartilage of patients with osteoarthritis while highly maintained during tumorigenesis of cartilage and bone. Gene therapy using viral and non-viral vectors accompanied by tissue engineering (scaffolds) is a promising tool to regenerate impaired cartilage. Delivery of SOX9 or chondrogenic SOX Trio into cells produces efficient therapeutic effects on chondrogenesis and this event is facilitated by scaffolds. Non-viral vector-guided delivery systems encapsulated or loaded in mechanically stable solid scaffolds are useful for the regeneration of articular cartilage. Here we review major milestones and most recent studies focusing on regulation and function of chondrogenic SOX Trio, during chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration, and on the development of advanced technologies in gene delivery with tissue engineering to improve efficiency of cartilage repair process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haengseok Song
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Hong Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Naung NY, Duncan W, Silva RD, Coates D. Localization and characterization of human palatal periosteum stem cells in serum-free, xeno-free medium for clinical use. Eur J Oral Sci 2019; 127:99-111. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noel Ye Naung
- Faculty of Dentistry; Sir John Walsh, Research Institute; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY USA
| | - Warwick Duncan
- Faculty of Dentistry; Sir John Walsh, Research Institute; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Rohana De Silva
- Faculty of Dentistry; Sir John Walsh, Research Institute; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Dawn Coates
- Faculty of Dentistry; Sir John Walsh, Research Institute; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ivanov AA, Danilova TI, Popova OP, Erohin AI, Semenihina ES. Peculiarities of Osteogenesis by Periosteal Cells after Experimental Ectopic Transplantation. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 165:408-411. [PMID: 30003422 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4181-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We carried out a comparative study of the features of osteogenesis from the progenitor osteogenic periosteal cells in rabbit and human. At the initial stages, high osteogenic potential of both human and rabbit periosteal cells was observed. However, at the later stages, the cell response favors resorption of the new bone tissue formed from periosteal cells in rabbits, but does not affect the bone tissue formed from human progenitor osteogenic periosteal cells. These functional characteristics of rabbit periosteal cells should be considered when planning the experiment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Ivanov
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - T I Danilova
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - O P Popova
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Erohin
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - E S Semenihina
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stich S, Loch A, Park SJ, Häupl T, Ringe J, Sittinger M. Characterization of single cell derived cultures of periosteal progenitor cells to ensure the cell quality for clinical application. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178560. [PMID: 28562645 PMCID: PMC5451110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
For clinical applications of cells and tissue engineering products it is of importance to characterize the quality of the used cells in detail. Progenitor cells from the periosteum are already routinely applied in the clinics for the regeneration of the maxillary bone. Periosteal cells have, in addition to their potential to differentiate into bone, the ability to develop into cartilage and fat. However, the question arises whether all cells isolated from periosteal biopsies are able to differentiate into all three tissue types, or whether there are subpopulations. For an efficient and approved application in bone or cartilage regeneration the clarification of this question is of interest. Therefore, 83 different clonal cultures of freshly isolated human periosteal cells derived from mastoid periosteum biopsies of 4 donors were generated and growth rates calculated. Differentiation capacities of 51 clonal cultures towards the osteogenic, the chondrogenic, and the adipogenic lineage were investigated. Histological and immunochemical stainings showed that 100% of the clonal cultures differentiated towards the osteogenic lineage, while 94.1% demonstrated chondrogenesis, and 52.9% could be stimulated to adipogenesis. For osteogenesis real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of BGLAP and RUNX2 and for adipogenesis of FABP4 and PPARG confirmed the results. Overall, 49% of the cells exhibited a tripotent potential, 45.1% showed a bipotent potential (without adipogenic differentiation), 3.9% bipotent (without chondrogenic differentiation), and 2% possessed a unipotent osteogenic potential. In FACS analyses, no differences in the marker profile of undifferentiated clonal cultures with bi- and tripotent differentiation capacity were found. Genome-wide microarray analysis revealed 52 differentially expressed genes for clonal subpopulations with or without chondrogenic differentiation capacity, among them DCN, NEDD9, TGFBR3, and TSLP. For clinical applications of periosteal cells in bone regeneration all cells were inducible. For a chondrogenic application a fraction of 6% of the mixed population could not be induced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Stich
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory & Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Dept. of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Alexander Loch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Su-Jin Park
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory & Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Dept. of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Häupl
- Dept. of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jochen Ringe
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory & Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Dept. of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Sittinger
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory & Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Dept. of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Bone healing involves complex biological pathways and interactions among various cell types and microenvironments. Among them, the monocyte–macrophage–osteoclast lineage and the mesenchymal stem cell–osteoblast lineage are critical, in addition to an initial inflammatory microenvironment. These cellular interactions induce the necessary inflammatory milieu and provide the cells for bone regeneration and immune modulation. Increasing age is accompanied with a rise in the basal state of inflammation, potentially impairing osteogenesis. The translational potential of this article: Translational research has shown multiple interactions between inflammation, ageing, and bone regeneration. This review presents recent, relevant considerations regarding the effects of inflammation and ageing on bone healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Gibon
- Corresponding author. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Edwards Building R116, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryStanford University300 Pasteur DriveEdwards Building R116StanfordCA94305USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Almalki SG, Agrawal DK. ERK signaling is required for VEGF-A/VEGFR2-induced differentiation of porcine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into endothelial cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:113. [PMID: 28499402 PMCID: PMC5429549 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0568-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell-based therapy that can rejuvenate the endothelium with stimulated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) is a promising therapeutic strategy for the re-endothelialization of denuded arteries at the stenting site. Previously, we have shown that silencing of MMP-2 and MMP-14 inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2) cleavage, and induces differentiation of AMSCs toward the endothelial cell (EC) lineage. In this study, we examined the underlying signaling pathways that regulate differentiation of AMSCs to ECs in vitro through VEGFR2. Methods AMSCs were isolated from porcine abdominal adipose tissue. The isolated AMSCs were characterized by positive expression of CD29, CD44, and CD90 and negative expression of CD11b and CD45. The isolated MSCs were transfected with siRNA to silence MMP-2, MMP-14, and angiotensin receptor 2 (ATR2). Cells were suspended either in endothelial basal media (EBM) or endothelial growth media (EGM) with various treatments. Flow cytometry was performed to examine the expression of EC markers, and western blot analysis was performed to examine the expression and activity of various kinases. Scratch assay was performed to examine the cell migration. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using PRISM GraphPad. Results After 10 days of stimulation for EC differentiation, the morphology of AMSCs changed to a morphology similar to that of ECs. Silencing MMP-2 and MMP-14 resulted in significant decrease in the number of migrated cells compared with the EGM-only group. ATR2 siRNA transfection did not affect the migration and differentiation of AMSCs to ECs. Stimulation of AMSCs for EC differentiation with or without MMP-2 or MMP-14 siRNA resulted in significant increase in p-ERK, and significant decrease in p-JNK. There was no significant change in p-p38 in all three groups compared with the EBM group. ERK inhibition resulted in significant decrease in the expression of EC markers in the EGM, EGM + MMP-2 siRNA, and EGM + MMP-14 siRNA groups. The VEGFR2 kinase inhibitor induced a dose-dependent inhibition of ERK. Conclusion The ERK signaling pathway is critical for VEGF-A/VEGFR2-induced differentiation of AMSCs into ECs. These findings provide new insights into the role of the ERK signaling pathway in AMSC differentiation to ECs for potential clinical use in cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sami G Almalki
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Almalki SG, Llamas Valle Y, Agrawal DK. MMP-2 and MMP-14 Silencing Inhibits VEGFR2 Cleavage and Induces the Differentiation of Porcine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Endothelial Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1385-1398. [PMID: 28213979 PMCID: PMC5442711 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.16-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms that control the ability of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) to remodel three‐dimensional extracellular matrix barriers during differentiation are not clearly understood. Herein, we studied the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) during the differentiation of AMSCs to endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro. MSCs were isolated from porcine abdominal adipose tissue, and characterized by immunopositivity to CD44, CD90, CD105, and immunonegativity to CD14 and CD45. Plasticity of AMSCs was confirmed by multilineage differentiation. The mRNA transcripts for MMPs and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and protein expression of EC markers were analyzed. The enzyme activity and protein expression were analyzed by gelatin zymography, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Western blot. The differentiation of AMSCs to ECs was confirmed by mRNA and protein expressions of the endothelial markers. The mRNA transcripts for MMP‐2 and MMP‐14 were significantly increased during the differentiation of MSCs into ECs. Findings revealed an elevated MMP‐14 and MMP‐2 expression, and MMP2 enzyme activity. Silencing of MMP‐2 and MMP‐14 significantly increased the expression of EC markers, formation of capillary tubes, and acetylated‐low‐density lipoprotein uptake, and decreased the cleavage of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2). Inhibition of VEGFR2 significantly decreased the expression of EC markers. These novel findings demonstrate that the upregulation of MMP2 and MMP14 has an inhibitory effect on the differentiation of AMSCs to ECs, and silencing these MMPs inhibit the cleavage of VEGFR2 and stimulate the differentiation of AMSCs to ECs. These findings provide a potential mechanism for the regulatory role of MMP‐2 and MMP‐14 in the re‐endothelialization of coronary arteries following intervention. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:1385–1398
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sami G Almalki
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Yovani Llamas Valle
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Niess H, Thomas MN, Schiergens TS, Kleespies A, Jauch KW, Bruns C, Werner J, Nelson PJ, Angele MK. Genetic engineering of mesenchymal stromal cells for cancer therapy: turning partners in crime into Trojan horses. Innov Surg Sci 2016; 1:19-32. [PMID: 31579715 PMCID: PMC6753982 DOI: 10.1515/iss-2016-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are adult progenitor cells with a high migratory and differentiation potential, which influence a broad range of biological functions in almost every tissue of the body. Among other mechanisms, MSCs do so by the secretion of molecular cues, differentiation toward more specialized cell types, or influence on the immune system. Expanding tumors also depend on the contribution of MSCs to building a supporting stroma, but the effects of MSCs appear to go beyond the mere supply of connective tissues. MSCs show targeted "homing" toward growing tumors, which is then followed by exerting direct and indirect effects on cancer cells. Several research groups have developed novel strategies that make use of the tumor tropism of MSCs by engineering them to express a transgene that enables an attack on cancer growth. This review aims to familiarize the reader with the current knowledge about MSC biology, the existing evidence for MSC contribution to tumor growth with its underlying mechanisms, and the strategies that have been developed using MSCs to deploy an anticancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanno Niess
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael N Thomas
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias S Schiergens
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Axel Kleespies
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karl-Walter Jauch
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christiane Bruns
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, Hospital of the University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter J Nelson
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Campus Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universitaet Muenchen, Arbeitsgruppe Klinische Biochemie, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin K Angele
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhou J, Wei F, Ma Y. Inhibiting PPARγ by erythropoietin while upregulating TAZ by IGF1 synergistically promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:349-355. [PMID: 27422606 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is reported to promote osteogenesis and inhibit adipogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) through inhibiting PPARγ, while insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is able to enhance osteogenesis via upregulating transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). The different targets of EPO and IGF1 suggested their potential synergism to enhance osteogenesis. In this study, we aimed to determine the potential synergism of EPO and IGF1 and its efficacy on MSC differentiation. Rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) were separately treated with EPO, IGF1 and EPO/IGF1. It was observed that the co-treatment using EPO and IGF1 was able to potently promote the osteogenic differentiation of rat ADSCs compared with EPO or IGF1 alone, which offered a promising effective option to strengthen bone tissue regeneration for bone defects. Further, we demonstrated that the enhanced osteogenic differentiation by EPO and IGF1 co-treatment was almost counteracted by activating PPARγ through PPARγ agonist, RSG, and blocking TAZ through TAZ silencing RNA, siTAZ. Thus, it could be concluded that EPO and IGF1 possessed a potent synergism in promoting osteogenic differentiation, and the synergism was mainly attributed to co-regulation of different osteogenic regulators PPARγ and TAZ, which were targeted genes of EPO and IGF1 respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.1, Dongjiaominxiang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyuan Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.1, Dongjiaominxiang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuquan Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.1, Dongjiaominxiang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ceccarelli G, Graziano A, Benedetti L, Imbriani M, Romano F, Ferrarotti F, Aimetti M, Cusella de Angelis GM. Osteogenic Potential of Human Oral-Periosteal Cells (PCs) Isolated From Different Oral Origin: An In Vitro Study. J Cell Physiol 2016. [PMID: 26206324 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The periosteum is a specialized connective tissue containing multipotent stem cells capable of bone formation. In this study, we aimed at demonstrating that human oral periosteal cells derived from three different oral sites (upper vestibule, lower vestibule, and hard palate) represent an innovative cell source for maxillo-facial tissue engineering applications in terms of accessibility and self-commitment towards osteogenic lineage. Periosteal cells (PCs) were isolated from patients with different ages (20-30 yy, 40-50 yy, 50-60 yy); we then analyzed the in vitro proliferation capacity and the bone self-commitment of cell clones culturing them without any osteogenic supplement to support their differentiation. We found that oral PCs, independently of their origin and age of patients, are mesenchymal stem cells with stem cell characteristics (clonogenical and proliferative activity) and that, even in absence of any osteogenic induction, they undertake the osteoblast lineage after 45 days of culture. These results suggest that oral periosteal cells could replace mesenchymal cells from bone marrow in oral tissue-engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Ceccarelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,CIT, Tissue Engineering Center, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Graziano
- Dental school, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,SHRO Center of Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura Benedetti
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,CIT, Tissue Engineering Center, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marcello Imbriani
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Ergonomy and Disability, Nanotechnology Laboratory, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Gabriella M Cusella de Angelis
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,CIT, Tissue Engineering Center, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Almalki SG, Agrawal DK. Key transcription factors in the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Differentiation 2016; 92:41-51. [PMID: 27012163 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that represent a promising source for regenerative medicine. MSCs are capable of osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic and myogenic differentiation. Efficacy of differentiated MSCs to regenerate cells in the injured tissues requires the ability to maintain the differentiation toward the desired cell fate. Since MSCs represent an attractive source for autologous transplantation, cellular and molecular signaling pathways and micro-environmental changes have been studied in order to understand the role of cytokines, chemokines, and transcription factors on the differentiation of MSCs. The differentiation of MSC into a mesenchymal lineage is genetically manipulated and promoted by specific transcription factors associated with a particular cell lineage. Recent studies have explored the integration of transcription factors, including Runx2, Sox9, PPARγ, MyoD, GATA4, and GATA6 in the differentiation of MSCs. Therefore, the overexpression of a single transcription factor in MSCs may promote trans-differentiation into specific cell lineage, which can be used for treatment of some diseases. In this review, we critically discussed and evaluated the role of transcription factors and related signaling pathways that affect the differentiation of MSCs toward adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteocytes, skeletal muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, and smooth muscle cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sami G Almalki
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Synergistic Effects of BMP9 and miR-548d-5p on Promoting Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:309747. [PMID: 26609524 PMCID: PMC4644537 DOI: 10.1155/2015/309747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Various stimulators have been reported to promote MSC osteogenic differentiation via different pathways such as bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) through influencing COX-2 and miR-548d-5p through targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ). Whether synergistic effects between BMP9 and miR-548d-5p existed in promoting osteogenesis from MSCs was unclear. In the study, the potential synergistic effects of BMP9 and miR-548d-5p on human MSC differentiation were investigated. Osteogenic differentiation of MSCs treated with BMP9 or miR-548d-5p was detected with multimodality of methods. The results demonstrated that BMP9 and miR-548d-5p significantly influenced COX-2 and PPARγ, respectively. BMP9 also influenced the expression of PPARγ, but no significant effect of miR-548d-5p on COX-2 was observed. When BMP9 and miR-548d-5p were combined, more potent effects on both COX-2 and PPARγ were observed than BMP9 or miR-548d-5p alone. Consistently, osteogenic analysis at different timepoints demonstrated that osteogenic genes, ALP activity, calcium deposition, OPN protein, and matrix mineralization were remarkably upregulated by BMP9/miR-548d-5p compared with BMP9 or miR-548d-5p alone, indicating the synergetic effects of BMP9 and miR-548d-5p on osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Our study demonstrated that regulating different osteogenic regulators may be an effective strategy to promote bone tissue regeneration for bone defects.
Collapse
|
17
|
Isolation and identification of mesenchymal stem cells from human mastoid bone marrow. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13770-015-0427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
|
18
|
Osteoinduction of umbilical cord and palate periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cells on poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanomicrofibers. Ann Plast Surg 2015; 72:S176-83. [PMID: 24691324 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The need for tissue-engineered bone to treat complex craniofacial bone defects secondary to congenital anomalies, trauma, and cancer extirpation is sizeable. Traditional strategies for treatment have focused on autologous bone in younger patients and bone substitutes in older patients. However, the capacity for merging new technologies, including the creation of nanofiber and microfiber scaffolds with advances in natal sources of stem cells, is crucial to improving our treatment options. The advantages of using smaller diameter fibers for scaffolding are 2-fold: the similar fiber diameters mimic the in vivo extracellular matrix construct and smaller fibers also provide a dramatically increased surface area for cell-scaffold interactions. In this study, we compare the capacity for a polymer with Federal Drug Administration approval for use in humans, poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) from Delta polymer, to support osteoinduction of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) harvested from the umbilical cord (UC) and palate periosteum (PP). Proliferation of both UC- and PP-derived MSCs was improved on PLGA scaffolds. The PLGA scaffolds promoted UC MSC differentiation (indicated by earlier gene expression and higher calcium deposition), but not in PP-derived MSCs. Umbilical cord-derived MSCs on the PLGA nanomicrofiber scaffolds have potential clinical utility in providing solutions for craniofacial bone defects, with the added benefit of earlier availability.
Collapse
|
19
|
Ferretti C, Lucarini G, Andreoni C, Salvolini E, Bianchi N, Vozzi G, Gigante A, Mattioli-Belmonte M. Human Periosteal Derived Stem Cell Potential: The Impact of age. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2014; 11:487-500. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
20
|
Sonnaert M, Papantoniou I, Bloemen V, Kerckhofs G, Luyten FP, Schrooten J. Human periosteal-derived cell expansion in a perfusion bioreactor system: proliferation, differentiation and extracellular matrix formation. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014; 11:519-530. [PMID: 25186024 DOI: 10.1002/term.1951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Perfusion bioreactor systems have shown to be a valuable tool for the in vitro development of three-dimensional (3D) cell-carrier constructs. Their use for cell expansion, however, has been much less explored. Since maintenance of the initial cell phenotype is essential in this process, it is imperative to obtain insight into the bioreactor-related variables determining cell fate. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of fluid flow-induced shear stress on the proliferation, differentiation and matrix deposition of human periosteal-derived cells in the absence of additional differentiation-inducing stimuli; 120 000 cells were seeded on additive manufactured 3D Ti6Al4V scaffolds and cultured for up to 28 days at different flow rates in the range 0.04-6 ml/min. DNA measurements showed, on average, a three-fold increase in cell content for all perfused conditions in comparison to static controls, whereas the magnitude of the flow rate did not have an influence. Contrast-enhanced nanofocus X-ray computed tomography showed substantial formation of an engineered neotissue in all perfused conditions, resulting in a filling (up to 70%) of the total internal void volume, and no flow rate-dependent differences were observed. The expression of key osteogenic markers, such as RunX2, OCN, OPN and Col1, did not show any significant changes in comparison to static controls after 28 days of culture, with the exception of OSX at high flow rates. We therefore concluded that, in the absence of additional osteogenic stimuli, the investigated perfusion conditions increased cell proliferation but did not significantly enhance osteogenic differentiation, thus allowing for this process to be used for cell expansion. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Sonnaert
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Materials Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | - I Papantoniou
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.,Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Centre, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | - V Bloemen
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.,Biomedical Engineering Research Team, Groep T, Leuven Engineering College (Association Katholieke Universiteit Leuven), Belgium
| | - G Kerckhofs
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Materials Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.,Biomechanics Research Unit, Université de Liege, Belgium
| | - F P Luyten
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.,Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Centre, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Schrooten
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Materials Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Davies BM, Morrey ME, Mouthuy PA, Baboldashti NZ, Hakimi O, Snelling S, Price A, Carr A. Repairing damaged tendon and muscle: are mesenchymal stem cells and scaffolds the answer? Regen Med 2014; 8:613-30. [PMID: 23998754 DOI: 10.2217/rme.13.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become an area of intense interest in the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions, such as muscle and tendon injury, as various animal and human trials have demonstrated that implantation with MSCs leads to improved healing and function. However, these trials have usually been relatively small scale and lacking in adequate controls. Additionally, the optimum source of these cells has yet to be determined, partly due to a lack of understanding as to how MSCs produce their beneficial effects when implanted. Scaffolds have been shown to improve tissue-engineering repairs but require further work to optimize their interactions with both native tissue and implanted MSCs. Robust, well-controlled trials are therefore required to determine the usefulness of MSCs in musculoskeletal tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Davies
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford OX3 7HE, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang N, Zhang W, Cui J, Zhang H, Chen X, Li R, Wu N, Chen X, Wen S, Zhang J, Yin L, Deng F, Liao Z, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Yan Z, Liu W, Ye J, Deng Y, Wang Z, Qiao M, Luu HH, Haydon RC, Shi LL, Liang H, He TC. The piggyBac transposon-mediated expression of SV40 T antigen efficiently immortalizes mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). PLoS One 2014; 9:e97316. [PMID: 24845466 PMCID: PMC4028212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) are mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like multipotent progenitor cells and can undergo self-renewal and differentiate into to multiple lineages, including bone, cartilage and adipose. Primary MEFs have limited life span in culture, which thus hampers MEFs’ basic research and translational applications. To overcome this challenge, we investigate if piggyBac transposon-mediated expression of SV40 T antigen can effectively immortalize mouse MEFs and that the immortalized MEFs can maintain long-term cell proliferation without compromising their multipotency. Using the piggyBac vector MPH86 which expresses SV40 T antigen flanked with flippase (FLP) recognition target (FRT) sites, we demonstrate that mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) can be efficiently immortalized. The immortalized MEFs (piMEFs) exhibit an enhanced proliferative activity and maintain long-term cell proliferation, which can be reversed by FLP recombinase. The piMEFs express most MEF markers and retain multipotency as they can differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages upon BMP9 stimulation in vitro. Stem cell implantation studies indicate that piMEFs can form bone, cartilage and adipose tissues upon BMP9 stimulation, whereas FLP-mediated removal of SV40 T antigen diminishes the ability of piMEFs to differentiate into these lineages, possibly due to the reduced expansion of progenitor populations. Our results demonstrate that piggyBac transposon-mediated expression of SV40 T can effectively immortalize MEFs and that the reversibly immortalized piMEFs not only maintain long-term cell proliferation but also retain their multipotency. Thus, the high transposition efficiency and the potential footprint-free natures may render piggyBac transposition an effective and safe strategy to immortalize progenitor cells isolated from limited tissue supplies, which is essential for basic and translational studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ruidong Li
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ningning Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng Wen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liangjun Yin
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Deng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhan Liao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiang-Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhonglin Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengjian Yan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jixing Ye
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Youlin Deng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongliang Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Qiao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lewis L. Shi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Houjie Liang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail: (HL); (TCH)
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail: (HL); (TCH)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jang H, Kim EJ, Park JK, Kim DE, Kim HJ, Sun WS, Hwang S, Oh KB, Koh JT, Jang WG, Lee JW. SMILE inhibits BMP-2-induced expression of osteocalcin by suppressing the activity of the RUNX2 transcription factor in MC3T3E1 cells. Bone 2014; 61:10-8. [PMID: 24389415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Small heterodimer partner interacting leucine zipper protein (SMILE) is an orphan nuclear receptor and a member of the bZIP family of proteins. Several recent studies have suggested that SMILE is a novel co-repressor that is involved in nuclear receptor signaling; however, the role of SMILE in osteoblast differentiation has not yet been elucidated. This study demonstrates that SMILE inhibits osteoblast differentiation by regulating the activity of Runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2). Tunicamycin, an inducer of endoplasmic reticulum stress, stimulated SMILE expression. Bone morphogenetic protein-2-induced expression of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin, both of which are osteogenic genes, was suppressed by SMILE. The molecular mechanism by which SMILE affects osteocalcin expression was also determined. An immunoprecipitation assay revealed a physical interaction between SMILE and RUNX2 that significantly impaired the RUNX2-dependent activation of the osteocalcin gene. A ChIP assay revealed that SMILE repressed the ability of RUNX2 to bind to the osteocalcin gene promoter. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that SMILE negatively regulates osteocalcin via a direct interaction with RUNX2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Jang
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea; Functional Genomics, School of Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kyung Park
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ern Kim
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Joo Kim
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Wu-Sheng Sun
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongsoo Hwang
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon-Bong Oh
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics and Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gu Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 712-714, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Woong Lee
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea; Functional Genomics, School of Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Park JK, Jang H, Hwang S, Kim EJ, Kim DE, Oh KB, Kwon DJ, Koh JT, Kimura K, Inoue H, Jang WG, Lee JW. ER stress-inducible ATF3 suppresses BMP2-induced ALP expression and activation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 443:333-8. [PMID: 24315873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.11.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress suppresses osteoblast differentiation. Activating transcription factor (ATF) 3, a member of the ATF/cAMP response element-binding protein family of transcription factors, is induced by various stimuli including cytokines, hormones, DNA damage, and ER stress. However, the role of ATF3 in osteoblast differentiation has not been elucidated. Treatment with tunicamycin (TM), an ER stress inducer, increased ATF3 expression in the preosteoblast cell line, MC3T3-E1. Overexpression of ATF3 inhibited bone morphogenetic protein 2-stimulated expression and activation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an osteogenic marker. In addition, suppression of ALP expression by TM treatment was rescued by silencing of ATF3 using shRNA. Taken together, these data indicate that ATF3 is a novel negative regulator of osteoblast differentiation by specifically suppressing ALP gene expression in preosteoblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-kyung Park
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hoon Jang
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea; Functional Genomics, School of Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
| | - SeongSoo Hwang
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Ern Kim
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
| | - Keon-Bong Oh
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae-Jin Kwon
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Dental Science Research Institute and BK21, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kumi Kimura
- Department of Physiology and Metabolism, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inoue
- Department of Physiology and Metabolism, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Won-Gu Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 712-714, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Woong Lee
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea; Functional Genomics, School of Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang JH, Liu YZ, Yin LJ, Chen L, Huang J, Liu Y, Zhang RX, Zhou LY, Yang QJ, Luo JY, Zuo GW, Deng ZL, He BC. BMP9 and COX-2 form an important regulatory loop in BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Bone 2013; 57:311-21. [PMID: 23981660 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can self-renew and differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic and myogenic lineages. It's reported that bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is one of the most potent osteogenic BMPs to initiate the commitment of MSCs to osteoblast lineage. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is critical for bone fracture healing and osteogenic differentiation in MSCs. However, the relationship between COX-2 and BMP9 in osteogenesis remains unknown. Herein, we investigate the role of COX-2 in BMP9-induced osteogenesis in MSCs. We demonstrate that COX-2 is up-regulated as a target of BMP9 in MSCs. Both COX-2 inhibitor (NS-398) and COX-2 knockdown siRNAs can effectively decrease alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities induced by BMP9 in MSCs. NS-398 also down-regulates BMP9-induced expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin, so does the matrix mineralization. The in vivo studies indicate that knockdown of COX-2 attenuates BMP9-induced ectopic bone formation. In perinatal limb culture assay, NS-398 is shown to reduce the hypertropic chondrocyte zone and ossification induced by BMP9. Mechanistically, knockdown of COX-2 significantly inhibits the BMP9 up-regulated expression of Runx2 and Dlx-5 in MSCs, which can be rescued by exogenous expression of COX-2. Furthermore, knockdown of COX-2 apparently reduces BMP9 induced BMPR-Smad reporter activity, the phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8, and the expression of Smad6 and Smad7 in MSCs. NS-398 blocks the expression of BMP9 mediated by BMP9 recombinant adenovirus. Taken together, our findings suggest that COX-2 plays an important role in BMP9 induced osteogenic differentiation in MSCs; BMP9 and COX-2 may form an important regulatory loop to orchestrate the osteogenic differentiation in MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hua Wang
- Chongqing key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ren J, Blackwood KA, Doustgani A, Poh PP, Steck R, Stevens MM, Woodruff MA. Melt-electrospun polycaprolactone strontium-substituted bioactive glass scaffolds for bone regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:3140-53. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiongyu Ren
- Biomaterials and Tissue Morphology Group; Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology; Brisbane Queensland 4059 Australia
| | - Keith A. Blackwood
- Biomaterials and Tissue Morphology Group; Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology; Brisbane Queensland 4059 Australia
| | - Amir Doustgani
- Chemical Engineering Department; University of Zanjan; Zanjan Iran
| | - Patrina P. Poh
- Biomaterials and Tissue Morphology Group; Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology; Brisbane Queensland 4059 Australia
| | - Roland Steck
- Medical Engineering Research Facility; Queensland University of Technology; Brisbane Queensland 4059 Australia
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College; London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom
| | - Maria A. Woodruff
- Biomaterials and Tissue Morphology Group; Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology; Brisbane Queensland 4059 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Fonseca-García A, Mota-Morales JD, Quintero-Ortega IA, García-Carvajal ZY, Martínez-López V, Ruvalcaba E, Landa-Solís C, Solis L, Ibarra C, Gutiérrez MC, Terrones M, Sanchez IC, del Monte F, Velasquillo MC, Luna-Bárcenas G. Effect of doping in carbon nanotubes on the viability of biomimetic chitosan-carbon nanotubes-hydroxyapatite scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:3341-51. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abril Fonseca-García
- Polymer & Biopolymer Research Group; Cinvestav Querétaro, Libramiento Norponiente no. 2000 Querétaro QRO 76230 MEXICO
| | - Josué D. Mota-Morales
- Polymer & Biopolymer Research Group; Cinvestav Querétaro, Libramiento Norponiente no. 2000 Querétaro QRO 76230 MEXICO
| | - Iraís A. Quintero-Ortega
- Sciences and Engineering Division; Universidad de Guanajuato; Campus León, Loma del Bosque no. 103, Col. Lomas del Campestre León GTO 37150 MEXICO
| | - Zaira Y. García-Carvajal
- Polymer & Biopolymer Research Group; Cinvestav Querétaro, Libramiento Norponiente no. 2000 Querétaro QRO 76230 MEXICO
| | - V. Martínez-López
- Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación (INR); México DF 14389 MEXICO
| | - Erika Ruvalcaba
- Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación (INR); México DF 14389 MEXICO
| | - Carlos Landa-Solís
- Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación (INR); México DF 14389 MEXICO
| | - Lilia Solis
- Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación (INR); México DF 14389 MEXICO
| | - Clemente Ibarra
- Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación (INR); México DF 14389 MEXICO
| | - María C. Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC); Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid SPAIN
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Physics; The Pennsylvania State University; 104 Davey Lab. University Park Pennsylvania 16802
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Materials Research Institute; The Pennsylvania State University; 104 Davey Lab. University Park Pennsylvania 16802
- Research Center for Exotic Nanocarbons (JST); Shinshu University; Wakasato 4-17-1 Nagano-city 380-8553 JAPAN
| | - Isaac C. Sanchez
- Department of Chemical Engineering; The University of Texas at Austin; Austin, TX 78712
| | - Francisco del Monte
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC); Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid SPAIN
| | - María C. Velasquillo
- Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación (INR); México DF 14389 MEXICO
| | - G. Luna-Bárcenas
- Polymer & Biopolymer Research Group; Cinvestav Querétaro, Libramiento Norponiente no. 2000 Querétaro QRO 76230 MEXICO
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ardjomandi N, Niederlaender J, Aicher WK, Reinert S, Schweizer E, Wendel HP, Alexander D. Identification of an aptamer binding to human osteogenic-induced progenitor cells. Nucleic Acid Ther 2013; 23:44-61. [PMID: 23289534 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2012.0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to generate a specific aptamer against human jaw periosteal cells (JPCs) for tissue engineering applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery. This aptamer should serve as a capture molecule to enrich or even purify osteogenic progenitor cells from JPCs or from adult stem cells of other sources. Using systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), we generated the first aptamer to specifically bind to human osteogenically induced JPCs. We did not detect any binding of the aptamer to undifferentiated JPCs, adipogenically and chondrogenically induced JPCs, or to any other cell line tested. However, similar binding patterns of the identified aptamer 74 were detected with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from placental tissue and bone marrow. After cell sorting, we analyzed the expression of osteogenic marker genes in the aptamer 74-positive and aptamer 74-negative fractions and detected no significant differences. Additionally, the analysis of the mineralization capacity revealed a slight tendency for the aptamer positive fraction to have a higher osteogenic potential. In terms of proliferation, JPCs growing in aptamer-coated wells showed increased proliferation rates compared with the controls. Herein, we report the development of an innovative approach for tissue engineering applications. Further studies should be conducted to modify and improve the specificity of the generated aptamer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Ardjomandi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Amniotic Fluid-Derived Stem Cells as a Cell Source for Bone Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 18:2518-27. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
|
30
|
Tsuno H, Yoshida T, Nogami M, Koike C, Okabe M, Noto Z, Arai N, Noguchi M, Nikaido T. Application of human amniotic mesenchymal cells as an allogeneic transplantation cell source in bone regenerative therapy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2012.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
31
|
Ardjomandi N, Klein C, Kohler K, Maurer A, Kalbacher H, Niederländer J, Reinert S, Alexander D. Indirect coating of RGD peptides using a poly-L-lysine spacer enhances jaw periosteal cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation into osteogenic tissue. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:2034-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
32
|
Nakamura T, Sekiya I, Muneta T, Hatsushika D, Horie M, Tsuji K, Kawarasaki T, Watanabe A, Hishikawa S, Fujimoto Y, Tanaka H, Kobayashi E. Arthroscopic, histological and MRI analyses of cartilage repair after a minimally invasive method of transplantation of allogeneic synovial mesenchymal stromal cells into cartilage defects in pigs. Cytotherapy 2012; 14:327-38. [PMID: 22309371 PMCID: PMC3296518 DOI: 10.3109/14653249.2011.638912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Transplantation of synovial mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may induce repair of cartilage defects. We transplanted synovial MSCs into cartilage defects using a simple method and investigated its usefulness and repair process in a pig model. METHODS The chondrogenic potential of the porcine MSCs was compared in vitro. Cartilage defects were created in both knees of seven pigs, and divided into MSCs treated and non-treated control knees. Synovial MSCs were injected into the defect, and the knee was kept immobilized for 10 min before wound closure. To visualize the actual delivery and adhesion of the cells, fluorescence-labeled synovial MSCs from transgenic green fluorescent protein (GFP) pig were injected into the defect in a subgroup of two pigs. In these two animals, the wounds were closed before MSCs were injected and observed for 10 min under arthroscopic control. The defects were analyzed sequentially arthroscopically, histologically and by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for 3 months. RESULTS Synovial MSCs had a higher chondrogenic potential in vitro than the other MSCs examined. Arthroscopic observations showed adhesion of synovial MSCs and membrane formation on the cartilage defects before cartilage repair. Quantification analyses for arthroscopy, histology and MRI revealed a better outcome in the MSC-treated knees than in the non-treated control knees. CONCLUSIONS Leaving a synovial MSC suspension in cartilage defects for 10 min made it possible for cells to adhere in the defect in a porcine cartilage defect model. The cartilage defect was first covered with membrane, then the cartilage matrix emerged after transplantation of synovial MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomomasa Nakamura
- Section of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sekiya
- Section of Cartilage Regeneration, Graduate School,
Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Muneta
- Section of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence Program, International
Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical
and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hatsushika
- Section of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Horie
- Section of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunikazu Tsuji
- Global Center of Excellence Program, International
Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical
and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kawarasaki
- Swine and Poultry Research Center, Shizuoka
Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Atsuya Watanabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Teikyo University
Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuji Hishikawa
- Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology,
Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Fujimoto
- Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology,
Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hozumi Tanaka
- Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology,
Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Division of Development of Advanced Treatment, Jichi
Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Huang E, Bi Y, Jiang W, Luo X, Yang K, Gao JL, Gao Y, Luo Q, Shi Q, Kim SH, Liu X, Li M, Hu N, Liu H, Cui J, Zhang W, Li R, Chen X, Shen J, Kong Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Luo J, He BC, Wang H, Reid RR, Luu HH, Haydon RC, Yang L, He TC. Conditionally immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts retain proliferative activity without compromising multipotent differentiation potential. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32428. [PMID: 22384246 PMCID: PMC3285668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells which reside in many tissues and can give rise to multiple lineages including bone, cartilage and adipose. Although MSCs have attracted significant attention for basic and translational research, primary MSCs have limited life span in culture which hampers MSCs' broader applications. Here, we investigate if mouse mesenchymal progenitors can be conditionally immortalized with SV40 large T antigen and maintain long-term cell proliferation without compromising their multipotency. Using the system which expresses SV40 large T antigen flanked with Cre/loxP sites, we demonstrate that mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) can be efficiently immortalized by SV40 large T antigen. The conditionally immortalized MEFs (iMEFs) exhibit an enhanced proliferative activity and maintain long-term cell proliferation, which can be reversed by Cre recombinase. The iMEFs express most MSC markers and retain multipotency as they can differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages under appropriate differentiation conditions in vitro and in vivo. The removal of SV40 large T reduces the differentiation potential of iMEFs possibly due to the decreased progenitor expansion. Furthermore, the iMEFs are apparently not tumorigenic when they are subcutaneously injected into athymic nude mice. Thus, the conditionally immortalized iMEFs not only maintain long-term cell proliferation but also retain the ability to differentiate into multiple lineages. Our results suggest that the reversible immortalization strategy using SV40 large T antigen may be an efficient and safe approach to establishing long-term cell culture of primary mesenchymal progenitors for basic and translational research, as well as for potential clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enyi Huang
- School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Yang Bi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory of the Key Laboratory for Pediatrics co-designated by Chinese Ministry of Education and Chongqing Bureau of Education, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Xiaoji Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-Li Gao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute of Materia Medica, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Gao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiatong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory of the Key Laboratory for Pediatrics co-designated by Chinese Ministry of Education and Chongqing Bureau of Education, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Stephanie H. Kim
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Xing Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory of the Key Laboratory for Pediatrics co-designated by Chinese Ministry of Education and Chongqing Bureau of Education, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mi Li
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory of the Key Laboratory for Pediatrics co-designated by Chinese Ministry of Education and Chongqing Bureau of Education, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Hu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruidong Li
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jikun Shen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Yuhan Kong
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiye Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinyong Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huicong Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Russell R. Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Li Yang
- School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail: (T-CH); (LY)
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory of the Key Laboratory for Pediatrics co-designated by Chinese Ministry of Education and Chongqing Bureau of Education, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail: (T-CH); (LY)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
ICHIJIMA TAKEHIRO, MATSUZAKA KENICHI, TONOGI MORIO, YAMANE GENYUKI, INOUE TAKASHI. Osteogenic differences in cultured rat periosteal cells under hypoxic and normal conditions. Exp Ther Med 2012; 3:165-170. [PMID: 22969863 PMCID: PMC3438792 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2011.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the osteogenic capability of rat calvarial periosteal cells in hypoxic conditions in vitro. Periosteum was obtained from the calvarial bone of Sprague-Dawley rats. Following primary tissue culture, subcultured cells were used in hypoxic or normal conditions. On days 1, 2, 3 and 4 following the cell culture, cell proliferation and mRNA and protein expression levels were evaluated. No significant difference in the cell proliferation rate was found between the normal and hypoxic condition groups. The hypoxic condition group exhibited a stronger expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Runx2, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteocalcin (OCN) and periostin at the mRNA level compared to that of the normal condition group. The hypoxic condition group also exhibited a stronger expression of HIF1α, VEGF, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2, Runx2, ALP and BSP at the protein level compared to that of the normal condition group. In conclusion, periosteal cells cultured in hypoxic conditions demonstrated activated osteogenic capability in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- TAKEHIRO ICHIJIMA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272-8513
- Oral Health Science Center hrc7, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 261-8502
| | - KENICHI MATSUZAKA
- Oral Health Science Center hrc7, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 261-8502
- Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 261-8502, Japan
| | - MORIO TONOGI
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272-8513
| | - GEN-YUKI YAMANE
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272-8513
| | - TAKASHI INOUE
- Oral Health Science Center hrc7, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 261-8502
- Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 261-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Thin-layer hydroxyapatite deposition on a nanofiber surface stimulates mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and their differentiation into osteoblasts. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:428503. [PMID: 22319242 PMCID: PMC3272836 DOI: 10.1155/2012/428503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulsed laser deposition was proved as a suitable method for hydroxyapatite (HA) coating of coaxial poly-ɛ-caprolactone/polyvinylalcohol (PCL/PVA) nanofibers. The fibrous morphology of PCL/PVA nanofibers was preserved, if the nanofiber scaffold was coated with thin layers of HA (200 nm and 400 nm). Increasing thickness of HA, however, resulted in a gradual loss of fibrous character. In addition, biomechanical properties were improved after HA deposition on PCL/PVA nanofibers as the value of Young's moduli of elasticity significantly increased. Clearly, thin-layer hydroxyapatite deposition on a nanofiber surface stimulated mesenchymal stem cell viability and their differentiation into osteoblasts. The optimal depth of HA was 800 nm.
Collapse
|
36
|
Badylak SF, Taylor D, Uygun K. Whole-organ tissue engineering: decellularization and recellularization of three-dimensional matrix scaffolds. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2011; 13:27-53. [PMID: 21417722 PMCID: PMC10887492 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071910-124743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 679] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The definitive treatment for end-stage organ failure is orthotopic transplantation. However, the demand for transplantation far exceeds the number of available donor organs. A promising tissue-engineering/regenerative-medicine approach for functional organ replacement has emerged in recent years. Decellularization of donor organs such as heart, liver, and lung can provide an acellular, naturally occurring three-dimensional biologic scaffold material that can then be seeded with selected cell populations. Preliminary studies in animal models have provided encouraging results for the proof of concept. However, significant challenges for three-dimensional organ engineering approach remain. This manuscript describes the fundamental concepts of whole-organ engineering, including characterization of the extracellular matrix as a scaffold, methods for decellularization of vascular organs, potential cells to reseed such a scaffold, techniques for the recellularization process and important aspects regarding bioreactor design to support this approach. Critical challenges and future directions are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen F Badylak
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Du L, Yang P, Ge S. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 significantly induces proliferation, migration, and collagen type I expression in a human periodontal ligament stem cell subpopulation. J Periodontol 2011; 83:379-88. [PMID: 21749168 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2011.110201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pivotal role of chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells recruitment and tissue regeneration has already been reported. However, its roles in human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) remain unknown. PDLSCs are regarded as candidates for periodontal tissue regeneration and are used in stem cell-based periodontal tissue engineering. The expression of chemokine receptors on PDLSCs and the migration of these cells induced by chemokines and their subsequent function in tissue repair may be a crucial procedure for periodontal tissue regeneration. METHODS PDL tissues were obtained from clinically healthy premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons and used to isolate single-cell colonies by the limited-dilution method. Immunocytochemical staining was used to detect the expression of the mesenchymal stem cell marker STRO-1. Differentiation potentials were assessed by alizarin-red staining and oil-red O staining. The expression of SDF-1 receptor CXCR4 was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunocytochemical staining. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay were used to determine the viability and proliferation of the PDLSC subpopulation. Expression of collagen type I and alkaline phosphatase was detected by real-time PCR to determine the effect of SDF-1 on cells differentiation. RESULTS Twenty percent of PDL single-cell colonies expressed STRO-1 positively, and this specific subpopulation was positive for CXCR4 and formed minerals and lipid vacuoles after 4 weeks induction. SDF-1 significantly increased proliferation and stimulated the migration of this PDLSC subpopulation at concentrations between 100 and 400 ng/mL. CXCR4 neutralizing antibody could block cell proliferation and migration, suggesting that SDF-1 exerted its effects on cells through CXCR4. SDF-1 promoted collagen type I level significantly but had little effect on alkaline phosphatase level. CONCLUSION SDF-1 may have the potential of promoting periodontal tissue regeneration by the mechanism of guiding PDLSCs to destructive periodontal tissue, promoting their activation and proliferation and influencing the differentiation of these stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingqian Du
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Teven CM, Liu X, Hu N, Tang N, Kim SH, Huang E, Yang K, Li M, Gao JL, Liu H, Natale RB, Luther G, Luo Q, Wang L, Rames R, Bi Y, Luo J, Luu HH, Haydon RC, Reid RR, He TC. Epigenetic regulation of mesenchymal stem cells: a focus on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Stem Cells Int 2011; 2011:201371. [PMID: 21772852 PMCID: PMC3137957 DOI: 10.4061/2011/201371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are characterized by their capability to self-renew and terminally differentiate into multiple cell types. Somatic or adult stem cells have a finite self-renewal capacity and are lineage-restricted. The use of adult stem cells for therapeutic purposes has been a topic of recent interest given the ethical considerations associated with embryonic stem (ES) cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, or myogenic lineages. Owing to their ease of isolation and unique characteristics, MSCs have been widely regarded as potential candidates for tissue engineering and repair. While various signaling molecules important to MSC differentiation have been identified, our complete understanding of this process is lacking. Recent investigations focused on the role of epigenetic regulation in lineage-specific differentiation of MSCs have shown that unique patterns of DNA methylation and histone modifications play an important role in the induction of MSC differentiation toward specific lineages. Nevertheless, MSC epigenetic profiles reflect a more restricted differentiation potential as compared to ES cells. Here we review the effect of epigenetic modifications on MSC multipotency and differentiation, with a focus on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. We also highlight clinical applications of MSC epigenetics and nuclear reprogramming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chad M Teven
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kalwitz G, Neumann K, Ringe J, Sezer O, Sittinger M, Endres M, Kaps C. Chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in micro-masses is impaired by high doses of the chemokine CXCL7. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2011; 5:50-9. [PMID: 20652876 DOI: 10.1002/term.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines have been shown to recruit human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and are suggested to be promising candidates for in situ tissue engineering. The aim of our study was to analyse the effect of CXCL7, a chemokine that has the capacity to recruit MSCs, on the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. Bone marrow-derived MSCs were cultured in high-density micro-masses under serum-free conditions and were co-stimulated with 0-100 nM CXCL7 in the presence of 10 ng/ml transforming growth factor-β3 (TGFβ3). Micro-masses stimulated without growth factors and chemokines served as controls. Histological staining of proteoglycan, immunostaining of type II collagen, staining of mineralized matrix according to von Kossa as well as real-time gene expression analysis of typical chondrogenic and osteogenic marker genes showed that the TGFβ3-mediated chondrogenic development of MSCs was not impaired by 0-50 nM CXCL7. Micro-masses stimulated with TGFβ3 and CXCL7 developed chondrogenic cells and formed a cartilaginous matrix rich in proteoglycans, accompanied by the induction of typical chondrogenic marker genes, such as cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, aggrecan, type IIα1 collagen and by regulation of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors. As assessed by histological staining, MSCs showed a significantly reduced deposition of proteoglycan and a mildly mineralized matrix when stimulated with TGFβ3 in the presence of 100 nM CXCL7. Induction of osteogenic marker genes such as osteocalcin was not evident. These results suggest that low doses of CXCL7 do not impair the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells and may suited for in situ cartilage tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Kalwitz
- TransTissue Technologies GmbH, Tucholskystrasse 2, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Trautvetter W, Kaps C, Schmelzeisen R, Sauerbier S, Sittinger M. Tissue-engineered polymer-based periosteal bone grafts for maxillary sinus augmentation: five-year clinical results. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011; 69:2753-62. [PMID: 21680073 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2011.02.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Augmentation of the maxillary sinus with allogenic or alloplastic materials, as well as autologous bone grafts, has inherent disadvantages. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the long-term clinical repair effect of autologous periosteal bone grafts on atrophic maxillary bone. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the present retrospective cohort study, augmentation of the edentulous atrophic posterior maxilla was performed using autologous tissue-engineered periosteal bone grafts based on bioresorbable polymer scaffolds and, in a 1-step procedure, simultaneous insertion of dental implants. The clinical evaluation of 10 patients was performed by radiologic assessment of bone formation, with a follow-up of 5 years. Bone formation was further documented by measuring the bone height and by histologic examination. RESULTS Excellent clinical and radiologic results were achieved as early as 4 months after transplantation of the periosteal bone grafts. The bone height remained significantly (P < .05) greater (median 14.2 mm) than the preoperative atrophic bone (median 6.9 mm) during the 5-year observation period. Histologically, the bone biopsy specimens of 2 patients obtained after 6 months showed trabecular bone with osteocytes and active osteoblasts. No signs of bone resorption, formation of connective tissue, or necrosis were seen. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the transplantation of autologous periosteal bone grafts and implantation of dental implants in a 1-step procedure is a reliable procedure that leads to bone formation in the edentulous posterior maxilla, remaining stable in the long term for a period of at least 5 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Trautvetter
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering, Department of Rheumatology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Rodrigues MT, Gomes ME, Reis RL. Current strategies for osteochondral regeneration: from stem cells to pre-clinical approaches. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2011; 22:726-33. [PMID: 21550794 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Damaged cartilage tissue has no functional replacement alternatives and current therapies for bone injury treatment are far from being the ideal solutions emphasizing an urgent need for alternative therapeutic approaches for osteochondral (OC) regeneration. The tissue engineering field provides new possibilities for therapeutics and regeneration in rheumatology and orthopaedics, holding the potential for improving the quality of life of millions of patients by exploring new strategies towards the development of biological substitutes to maintain, repair and improve OC tissue function. Numerous studies have focused on the development of distinct tissue engineering strategies that could result in promising solutions for this delicate interface. In order to outperform currently used methods, novel tissue engineering approaches propose, for example, the design of multi-layered scaffolds, the use of stem cells, bioreactors or the combination of clinical techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Márcia T Rodrigues
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Univ. of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Culture media for the differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:463-77. [PMID: 20688199 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be isolated from various tissues such as bone marrow aspirates, fat or umbilical cord blood. These cells have the ability to proliferate in vitro and differentiate into a series of mesoderm-type lineages, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, myocytes and vascular cells. Due to this ability, MSCs provide an appealing source of progenitor cells which may be used in the field of tissue regeneration for both research and clinical purposes. The key factors for successful MSC proliferation and differentiation in vitro are the culture conditions. Hence, we here summarize the culture media and their compositions currently available for the differentiation of MSCs towards osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle phenotypes. However, optimal combination of growth factors, cytokines and serum supplements and their concentration within the media is essential for the in vitro culture and differentiation of MSCs and thereby for their application in advanced tissue engineering.
Collapse
|
43
|
Hackett CH, Flaminio MJBF, Fortier LA. Analysis of CD14 expression levels in putative mesenchymal progenitor cells isolated from equine bone marrow. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 20:721-35. [PMID: 20722500 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2010.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A long-term goal of mesenchymal progenitor cell (MPC) research is to identify cell-surface markers to facilitate MPC isolation. One reported MPC feature in humans and other species is lack of CD14 (lipopolysaccharide receptor) expression. The aim of this study was to evaluate CD14 as an MPC sorting marker. Our hypothesis was that cells negatively selected by CD14 expression would enrich MPC colony formation compared with unsorted and CD14-positive fractions. After validation of reagents, bone marrow aspirate was obtained from 12 horses. Fresh and cultured cells were analyzed by flow cytometry and reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to assess dynamic changes in phenotype. In fresh samples, cells did not consistently express protein markers used for lineage classification. Short-term (2-day) culture allowed distinction between hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic populations. Magnetic activated cell sorting was performed on cells from 6 horses to separate adherent CD14(+) from CD14(-) cells. MPC colony formation was assessed at 7 days. Cells positively selected for CD14 expression were significantly more likely to form MPC colonies than both unsorted and negatively selected cells (P ≤ 0.005). MPCs from all fractions maintained low levels of CD14 expression long term, and upregulated CD14 gene and protein expression when stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. The equine CD14 molecule was trypsin-labile, offering a plausible explanation for the discrepancy with MPC phenotypes reported in other species. By definition, MPCs are considered nonhematopoietic because they lack expression of molecules such as CD14. Our results challenge this assumption, as equine MPCs appear to represent a descendant of a CD14-positive cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine H Hackett
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Rastegar F, Shenaq D, Huang J, Zhang W, Zhang BQ, He BC, Chen L, Zuo GW, Luo Q, Shi Q, Wagner ER, Huang E, Gao Y, Gao JL, Kim SH, Zhou JZ, Bi Y, Su Y, Zhu G, Luo J, Luo X, Qin J, Reid RR, Luu HH, Haydon RC, Deng ZL, He TC. Mesenchymal stem cells: Molecular characteristics and clinical applications. World J Stem Cells 2010; 2:67-80. [PMID: 21607123 PMCID: PMC3097925 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v2.i4.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 06/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/03/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic stem cells with the capacity to differentiate into tissues of both mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal origin. MSCs can differentiate into osteoblastic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages, although recent studies have demonstrated that MSCs are also able to differentiate into other lineages, including neuronal and cardiomyogenic lineages. Since their original isolation from the bone marrow, MSCs have been successfully harvested from many other tissues. Their ease of isolation and ex vivo expansion combined with their immunoprivileged nature has made these cells popular candidates for stem cell therapies. These cells have the potential to alter disease pathophysiology through many modalities including cytokine secretion, capacity to differentiate along various lineages, immune modulation and direct cell-cell interaction with diseased tissue. Here we first review basic features of MSC biology including MSC characteristics in culture, homing mechanisms, differentiation capabilities and immune modulation. We then highlight some in vivo and clinical evidence supporting the therapeutic roles of MSCs and their uses in orthopedic, autoimmune, and ischemic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Rastegar
- Farbod Rastegar, Deana Shenaq, Jiayi Huang, Wenli Zhang, Bing-Qiang Zhang, Bai-Cheng He, Liang Chen, Guo-Wei Zuo, Qing Luo, Qiong Shi, Eric R Wagner, Enyi Huang, Yanhong Gao, Jian-Li Gao, Stephanie H Kim, Jian-Zhong Zhou, Yang Bi, Yuxi Su, Gaohui Zhu, Jinyong Luo, Xiaoji Luo, Jiaqiang Qin, Russell R Reid, Hue H Luu, Rex C Haydon, Zhong-Liang Deng, Tong-Chuan He, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang W, Deng ZL, Chen L, Zuo GW, Luo Q, Shi Q, Zhang BQ, Wagner ER, Rastegar F, Kim SH, Jiang W, Shen J, Huang E, Gao Y, Gao JL, Zhou JZ, Luo J, Huang J, Luo X, Bi Y, Su Y, Yang K, Liu H, Luu HH, Haydon RC, He TC, He BC. Retinoic acids potentiate BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11917. [PMID: 20689834 PMCID: PMC2912873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As one of the least studied bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), BMP9 is one of the most osteogenic BMPs. Retinoic acid (RA) signaling is known to play an important role in development, differentiation and bone metabolism. In this study, we investigate the effect of RA signaling on BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs). Methodology/Principal Findings Both primary MPCs and MPC line are used for BMP9 and RA stimulation. Recombinant adenoviruses are used to deliver BMP9, RARα and RXRα into MPCs. The in vitro osteogenic differentiation is monitored by determining the early and late osteogenic markers and matrix mineralization. Mouse perinatal limb explants and in vivo MPC implantation experiments are carried out to assess bone formation. We find that both 9CRA and ATRA effectively induce early osteogenic marker, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and late osteogenic markers, such as osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OC). BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation and mineralization is synergistically enhanced by 9CRA and ATRA in vitro. 9CRA and ATRA are shown to induce BMP9 expression and activate BMPR Smad-mediated transcription activity. Using mouse perinatal limb explants, we find that BMP9 and RAs act together to promote the expansion of hypertrophic chondrocyte zone at growth plate. Progenitor cell implantation studies reveal that co-expression of BMP9 and RXRα or RARα significantly increases trabecular bone and osteoid matrix formation. Conclusion/Significance Our results strongly suggest that retinoid signaling may synergize with BMP9 activity in promoting osteogenic differentiation of MPCs. This knowledge should expand our understanding about how BMP9 cross-talks with other signaling pathways. Furthermore, a combination of BMP9 and retinoic acid (or its agonists) may be explored as effective bone regeneration therapeutics to treat large segmental bony defects, non-union fracture, and/or osteoporotic fracture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Zhong-Liang Deng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education and the Affiliated Hospitals, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education and the Affiliated Hospitals, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guo-Wei Zuo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education and the Affiliated Hospitals, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, The Pediatric Research Institute, the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Bing-Qiang Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education and the Affiliated Hospitals, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Eric R. Wagner
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Farbod Rastegar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Stephanie H. Kim
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Wei Jiang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jikun Shen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Enyi Huang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanhong Gao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiatong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Li Gao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jian-Zhong Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jinyong Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education and the Affiliated Hospitals, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiayi Huang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education and the Affiliated Hospitals, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoji Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education and the Affiliated Hospitals, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Bi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, The Pediatric Research Institute, the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxi Su
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, The Pediatric Research Institute, the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education and the Affiliated Hospitals, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, The Pediatric Research Institute, the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail: (TCH); (BCH)
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail: (TCH); (BCH)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Radcliffe CH, Flaminio MJBF, Fortier LA. Temporal analysis of equine bone marrow aspirate during establishment of putative mesenchymal progenitor cell populations. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 19:269-82. [PMID: 19604071 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2009.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) are often characterized using surface markers after expansion and treatment in culture. There are no studies directly comparing gene and protein markers in undifferentiated samples during the very early phases of culture. The goal of this study was to evaluate temporal gene and protein expression changes during establishment of equine MPC cultures. Bone marrow aspirate was obtained from 35 horses and processed by density gradient centrifugation. In freshly isolated bone marrow, mononuclear cells had variable expression of CD44, CD11a/CD18, CD90, and CD45RB cell surface molecules. After 2 h of culture, bone marrow mononuclear cells had a phenotype of CD44(hi), CD29(hi), CD90(lo), CD11a/CD18(hi), and CD45RB(lo). Isolated mononuclear cells were analyzed by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR at 2, 7, 14, 21, and 30 days of culture. At all culture time points, gene expression was in agreement with cell surface protein expression. In established cultures of MPCs, cells remained robustly positive for CD44 and CD29. The proportion of positive cells and the mean fluorescence intensity of positive cells increased in CD90 expression as MPC cultures became more homogeneous. Inversely, the population of cells in culture decreased expression of CD11a/CD18 and CD45RB molecules over time. The decreased expression of the latter molecules makes these useful negative markers of established MPC cultures under normal expansion conditions. The results of this study demonstrate numerous dynamic changes in cell surface molecule expression during early establishment of MPC populations, which may aid to improve MPC isolation methods for research or therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine H Radcliffe
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Osteoinduction in Umbilical Cord- and Palate Periosteum-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Ann Plast Surg 2010; 64:605-9. [DOI: 10.1097/sap.0b013e3181ce3929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
48
|
Stich S, Loch A, Leinhase I, Neumann K, Kaps C, Sittinger M, Ringe J. Human periosteum-derived progenitor cells express distinct chemokine receptors and migrate upon stimulation with CCL2, CCL25, CXCL8, CXCL12, and CXCL13. Eur J Cell Biol 2008; 87:365-76. [PMID: 18501472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2008.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2007] [Revised: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 03/13/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For bone repair, transplantation of periosteal progenitor cells (PCs), which had been amplified within supportive scaffolds, is applied clinically. More innovative bone tissue engineering approaches focus on the in situ recruitment of stem and progenitor cells to defective sites and their subsequent use for guided tissue repair. Chemokines are known to induce the directed migration of bone marrow CD34(-) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The aim of our study was to determine the chemokine receptor expression profile of human CD34(-) PCs and to demonstrate that these cells migrate upon stimulation with selected chemokines. PCs were isolated from periosteum of the mastoid bone and displayed a homogenous cell population presenting an MSC-related cell-surface antigen profile (ALCAM(+), SH2(+), SH3(+), CD14(-), CD34(-), CD44(+), CD45(-), CD90(+)). The expression profile of chemokine receptors was determined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Both methods consistently demonstrated that PCs express receptors of all four chemokine subfamilies CC, CXC, CX(3)C, and C. Migration of PCs and a dose-dependent migratory effect of the chemokines CCL2 (MCP1), CCL25 (TECK), CXCL8 (IL8), CXCL12 (SDF1alpha), and CXCL13 (BCA1), but not CCL22 (MDC) were demonstrated using a 96-multiwell chemotaxis assay. In conclusion, for the first time, here we report that human PCs express chemokine receptors, present their profile, and demonstrate a dose-dependent migratory effect of distinct chemokines on these cells. These results are promising towards in situ bone repair therapies based on guiding PCs to bone defects, and encourage further in vivo studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Stich
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|