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Rusni S, Sassa M, Takagi T, Kinoshita M, Takehana Y, Inoue K. Establishment of cytochrome P450 1a gene-knockout Javanese medaka, Oryzias javanicus, which distinguishes toxicity modes of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pyrene and phenanthrene. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 178:113578. [PMID: 35344733 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 1a (Cyp1a) is an important enzyme for metabolism of organic pollutants. To understand its reaction to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), we knocked out this gene in a marine model fish, Javanese medaka, Oryzias javanicus, using the CRISPR/Cas 9 system. A homozygous mutant (KO) strain with a four-base deletion was established using an environmental DNA (eDNA)-based genotyping technique. Subsequently, KO, heterozygous mutant (HT), and wild-type (WT) fish were exposed to model pollutants, pyrene and phenanthrene, and survivorship and swimming behavior were analyzed. Compared to WT, KO fish were more sensitive to pyrene, suggesting that Cyp1a transforms pyrene into less toxic metabolites. Conversely, WT fish were sensitive to phenanthrene, suggesting that metabolites transformed by Cyp1a are more toxic than the original compound. HT fish showed intermediate results. Thus, comparative use of KO and WT fish can distinguish modes of pollutant toxicity, providing a deeper understanding of fish catabolism of environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhaila Rusni
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan; Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.
| | - Mieko Sassa
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Takagi
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.
| | | | - Yusuke Takehana
- Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Japan.
| | - Koji Inoue
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan; Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.
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2
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Chaube R, Rawat A, Inbaraj RM, Joy KP. Cloning and characterization of estrogen hydroxylase (cyp1a1 and cyp1b1) genes in the stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis and induction of mRNA expression during final oocyte maturation. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 253:110863. [PMID: 33301890 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen hydroxylases (EHs) are cytochrome P450 Family 1 (Cyp1, Clan 2) proteins involved in estrogen hydroxylations at 2-, 4- or 16- carbon positions to form catecholestrogens. EHs are encoded by CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 in mammals. In the catfish Heteropneustes fossilis, cyp1a1 and cyp1b1 cDNAs were cloned and characterized from liver and ovary. The cyp1a1 cDNA is 2071 bp long and codes for a 518 amino acids (aa) long protein. The cloned cyp1b1 cDNA is 1927 bp long and codes for a 509 residue protein. The deduced proteins clustered distinctly into teleost Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 clades, distinct from the tetrapod clusters and featured common function domains and homology with other teleost proteins. In the qPCR assay, the transcripts were the most abundant in the liver, followed by brain and ovary, and moderate in gill, kidney and muscle. Evidence was presented to show the involvement of the genes in reproduction. Expression of brain and ovarian transcripts showed significant seasonal variations with the highest abundance in the spawning phase. In situ hybridization showed the transcripts in the follicular layer (theca and granulosa) of the ovarian follicles. Periovulatory changes in the expression cyp1a1 and cyp1b1 were obtained during final oocyte maturation (FOM) and ovulation induced by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), both in vivo and in vitro, and by 2-hydroxyestradiol-17β (catecholestrogen) in vitro. In the brain, the transcript levels increased with time but in the ovary, the increase was maximal at 16 h and decreased at 24 h. The periovulatory activation of the cyp1 genes was reported in this study and discussed on the basis of complex regulation of FOM and ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chaube
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - A Rawat
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - R M Inbaraj
- Department of Zoology, Madras Christian College, Chennai 600059, India
| | - K P Joy
- Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 682022, India.
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Santos C, Bueno Dos Reis Martinez C. Biotransformation in the fish Prochilodus lineatus: An organ-specific approach to cyp1a gene expression and biochemical activity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 80:103467. [PMID: 32791344 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The biotransformation ability of the organism is the result of organ-specific responses. This paper presents a molecular and biochemical approach to elucidate the biotransformation mechanisms in different organs of Prochilodus lineatus induced at 6, 24, and 96 h after a benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) injection. The induction in cyp1a transcription showed an organ-specific intensity at every tested time time. The EROD (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase) activity increased rapidly (6 h) in the liver and the kidney; the gills and the brain showed an increase at 24 h; and the gills demonstrated the highest activity among all the organs tested. There was no increase in glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity or lipoperoxidation. The decreased hepatic glutathione content (GSH) may be due to its role as an antioxidant. B[a]P was detected in the bile, confirming the xenobiotic efflux from the metabolizing organs. The gills, liver, brain, and kidney of P. lineatus presented an integrated mechanism to deal with the xenobiotic biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Parana, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Claudia Bueno Dos Reis Martinez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Parana, 86057-970, Brazil.
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Dar SA, Chatterjee A, Rather MA, Chetia D, Srivastava PP, Gupta S. Identification, functional characterization and expression profiling of cytochrome p450 1A (CYP1A) gene in Labeo rohita against emamectin benzoate. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:S0141-8130(20)33081-6. [PMID: 32437798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The cytochrome p450 1A (CYP1A) plays vital role in detoxification of xenobiotic compounds in living organisms. In the present study, full-length CYP1A gene was sequenced from liver of Labeo rohita and mRNA expression analysis were carried out at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h (h) time points after emamectin benzoate treatment. The full-length cDNA sequence of CYP1A was 1741 bp which consist of open reading frame (ORF) of 1618 bp, 5'-untranslated region (UTR) 48 bp and 75 bp 3'-UTR respectively. ORF encodes 526 amino acids with a molecular mass a 59.05 kDa and an isoelectric point of 8.74. The subcellular localization confirmed presence of the CYP1A protein was higher in plasma membrane (45.8%), followed by the mitochondrial region (13.9%) and nuclear region (9.2%). The CYP1A protein interaction was found to intermingle more with other CYP family proteins. Analysis of tissue distribution revealed that CYP1A gene was predominantly expressed in the liver compared to other tissues kidney, gills, muscle and intestine. Furthermore, present study reveals that CYP1A mRNA level in emamectin benzoate treated group @ 20 mgkg-1 body was significantly (p < 0.05) higher compared with the control. The CYP1A mRNA expression levels were found upregulating with time and highest expression levels at 24 h. Histological examination found that emamectin benzoate treated liver revealed vacuolisation, hepatocyte infiltrations, cytoplasmic degeneration of hepatocytes compared to control. Overall, present results lay a strong basis for CYP1A is important biomarker for drug detoxification in aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showkat Ahmad Dar
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, South Korea
| | - Arunava Chatterjee
- Division of Fish Nutrition, Physiology, and Biochemistry, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Mohd Ashraf Rather
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries, Rangil- Gandarbal (SKAUST-K), India
| | - Diganta Chetia
- Division of Fish Nutrition, Physiology, and Biochemistry, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Prem P Srivastava
- Division of Fish Nutrition, Physiology, and Biochemistry, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Subodh Gupta
- Division of Fish Nutrition, Physiology, and Biochemistry, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India.
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Kuang S, Le Q, Hu J, Wang Y, Yu N, Cao X, Zhang M, Sun Y, Gu W, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Liu H, Yan X. Effects of p-nitrophenol on enzyme activity, histology, and gene expression in Larimichthys crocea. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 228:108638. [PMID: 31655297 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
p-Nitrophenol (PNP) is one type of environmental pollutant, which is difficult to degrade and soluble in water. To investigate the effects of PNP on economically important marine fish species, we subjected Larimichthys crocea juvenile to five different concentrations of PNP for 96 h, and the semi-lethal concentration (LC50) was 6.218 mg/L. Then we collected the liver, kidney, and gill tissues to determine enzyme activity and gene expression levels, and analyzed histological changes. In histological analysis, the gills showed curling of lamella, epithelial lifting and hyperplasia; the parenchymal structure of hepatocytes was significantly damaged, with severe vacuolation and loss of original structure. The renal cells were damaged too, with congestion and renal tubular necrosis. Catalase and superoxide dismutase both showed an up- and down-tendency with the rise of concentration in the three tissues, and GSH-px had similar trend in the kidney, which decreased at 8 mg/L in the liver but showed no significant differences in the gills. Malondialdehyde of three tissues was increased with an increase in PNP concentration. The expression of four detoxification (cyp450, gst, gpx, hsp70) and one immune-related (mhc II) genes was induced at low PNP concentrations but inhibited at high PNP concentrations in the kidney. In liver, cyp450, hsp70 and mhc II showed similar trend but gst and gpx didn't increase at low PNP concentrations. Our results indicate that the fish possesses the ability to detoxify PNP; however, at high concentrations, PNP still causes serious damage to them. Our data not only help in understanding the ability of L. crocea to detoxify PNP but also should serve as a basis for the study of toxic effects of nitrobenzenes on marine fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qijun Le
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Ningbo Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Technical Center, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiabao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Na Yu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaohuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yibo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Weiwei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yaya Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hanwei Liu
- Ningbo Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Technical Center, Ningbo, China.
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
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6
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Expression Procedure Optimization of Carassius aurantus CYP1A in Shewanella Using Plasmid Construction Strategy. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-017-0330-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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7
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Kumari K, Pathakota GB, Kumar S, Krishna G. Gene structure and comparative and phylogenetic analyses of Catla catla CYP1A full-length cDNA and its responsiveness to benzo(a)pyrene and copper sulphate at early developmental stages. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2018; 44:95-108. [PMID: 28822029 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-017-0416-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, full-length CYP1A cDNA from Catla catla (Catla) has been identified, and its real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) expression has been evaluated in different tissues, developmental stages (0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h and 5, 7 and 9 days post-fertilization) and copper sulphate and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-treated 5-day post-fertilization (dpf) larvae (6 to 6.5 mm). Various structural, comparative and phylogenetic analyses of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that the identified gene of Catla belongs to the CYP1A1 subfamily. Among different tissues of Catla, the highest CYP1A expression was observed in the kidney followed by the liver, muscle, gill, intestine and brain. CYP1A mRNA expression was detected during all the larval developmental stages, including the unfertilized egg with the highest expression on 9 dpf. BaP (3.5 ppb) and copper sulphate (sublethal dose 0.516 ppm) challenge test for 96 h to Catla larvae revealed the highest CYP1A1 expression at 48 h post-challenge. CYP1A1 transcript also showed a concentration-dependent increase in expression following exposure at 1.75 and 3.5 ppb of BaP for 48 h. Its expression profiling indicates that it is functional at early developmental stages. It can also be used to develop a specific biomarker tool for monitoring environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Kumari
- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, 700120, India
- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, 400061, India
| | | | - Shivendra Kumar
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa 848125, Samastipur, Bihar, India.
| | - Gopal Krishna
- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, 400061, India
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8
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Blunt BJ, Singh A, Wu L, Gamal El-Din M, Belosevic M, Tierney KB. Reuse water: Exposure duration, seasonality and treatment affect tissue responses in a model fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:1117-1125. [PMID: 28724250 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Partially remediated gray (reuse) water will likely find increasing use in a variety of applications owing to the increasing scarcity of freshwater. We aimed to determine if a model fish, the goldfish, could sense reuse water using olfaction (smell), and if 30min or 7d (acute) and 60d (sub-chronic) exposures would affect their olfactory responses to natural odorants. We examined olfaction as previous studies have found that numerous chemicals can impair the olfactory sense, which is critical to carrying out numerous life-sustaining behaviors from feeding to mating. We also examined if fish olfactory and liver tissues would mount a response in terms of biotransformation enzyme gene expression, and whether treatment of reuse water with UV/H2O2 ameliorated adverse effects following reuse water exposure. We found that fish olfactory tissue responded to reuse water as it would to a natural odorant and that UV/H2O2 treatment had no influence on this. With acute exposures, olfactory impairment was apparent regardless of water type (e.g. responses of 23-55% of control), but in sub-chronic exposures, only the untreated reuse water caused olfactory impairment. The exposure of fish to reuse water increased the expression of one enzyme (CYP1A; >2.5-6.5 fold change) and reuse water treatment with UV/H2O2 reversed the effect. There was a seasonal effect that was likely due to changes in water quality (60d summer exposure impaired olfaction whereas spring and fall exposures did not). Overall, the data suggest that reuse water may be detected by olfaction, impair olfactory responses in fish receiving unavoidable exposures, and that exposure duration and season are important factors to consider regarding adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Blunt
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - A Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - L Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - M Gamal El-Din
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - M Belosevic
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - K B Tierney
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada; School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada.
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Park YJ, Lee MJ, Kim HR, Chung KH, Oh SM. Developmental toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in artificially fertilized crucian carp (Carassius auratus) embryo. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 491-492:271-278. [PMID: 24751158 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a persistent bioaccumulative environmental contaminant that is an endocrine disruptor. Embryos of various fish species are responsive to TCDD and have been used as an alternative method to the acute toxicity test with juvenile and adult fish. The TCDD test has similar endpoints of developmental toxicity. However, their sensitivity and signs of TCDD-induced toxicity are different depending on fish species and its habit. Crucian carp (Carassius auratus) - the sentinel species for persistent organic pollutants and a common foodfish in China, Japan, and Korea - was used to identify the developmental toxicity of TCDD. We obtained the fertilized eggs from the artificial fertilization of crucian carp (97.45% success rate). Embryos at 3h post fertilization (hpf) were exposed to no vehicle, vehicle (dimethylsulfoxide, 0.1% v/v) or TCDD (0.128, 0.32, 0.8, 2 and 5 μg/L) for 1h and then fresh water was changed and aerated. Embryonic development and toxicity were monitored until 150 hpf. TCDD-exposed group showed no effects on embryo mortality and hatching rate from 6 to 126 hpf. On the other hand, the post-hatching mortality rate in TCDD-exposed group was increased in a dose-dependent manner, especially at high doses (0.8, 2 and 5 μg/L). The LD50 for larval mortality was calculated to 0.24 ng TCDD/g embryo. Pericardial edema was continuously observed in larvae of TCDD-exposed groups from hatching complete time (78 hpf), followed by the onset of yolk sac edema. Hemorrhage and edema showed a significant increase depending on exposure concentration and time. Expression of TCDD-related CYP1A genes was evaluated quantitatively. Embryo and larvae in TCDD-exposed groups displayed a significant increase of CYP1A gene expression. Overall, we defined TCDD-induced toxicity in artificially fertilized crucian carp embryo and these results suggest that crucian carp can be applied as an early life stage model of TCDD-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Joo Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
| | - Min Jee Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
| | - Ha Ryong Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea
| | - Kyu Hyuck Chung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea.
| | - Seung Min Oh
- Fusion Technology Laboratory, Hoseo University, Hoseoro 79, bungil 20, Baebang-myun, Asan, Chungnam 336-795, South Korea.
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10
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Xu G, McMahan CA, Walter CA. Early-life exposure to benzo[a]pyrene increases mutant frequency in spermatogenic cells in adulthood. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87439. [PMID: 24489914 PMCID: PMC3906184 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Children are vulnerable to environmental mutagens, and the developing germline could also be affected. However, little is known about whether exposure to environmental mutagens in childhood will result in increased germline mutations in subsequent adult life. In the present study, male transgenic lacI mice at different ages (7, 25 and 60 days old) were treated with a known environmental mutagen (benzo[a]pyrene, B[a]P) at different doses (0, 50, 200 or 300 mg/kg body weight). Mutant frequency was then determined in a meiotic cell type (pachytene spermatocyte), a post-meiotic cell type (round spermatid) and epididymal spermatozoa after at least one cycle of spermatogenesis. Our results show that 1) mice treated with B[a]P at 7 or 25 days old, both being pre-adult ages, had significantly increased mutant frequencies in all spermatogenic cell types tested when they were 60 days old; 2) spermatogenic cells from mice treated before puberty were more susceptible to B[a]P-associated mutagenesis compared to adult mice; and 3) unexpectedly, epididymal spermatozoa had the highest mutant frequency among the spermatogenic cell types tested. These data show that pre-adult exposure to B[a]P increases the male germline mutant frequency in young adulthood. The data demonstrate that exposure to environmental genotoxins at different life phases (e.g., pre-adult and adult) can have differential effects on reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guogang Xu
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - C. Alex McMahan
- Department of Pathology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Christi A. Walter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Sciences, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- South Texas Veteran's Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
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11
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Larguinho M, Costa PM, Sousa G, Costa MH, Diniz MS, Baptista PV. Histopathological findings onCarassius auratushepatopancreas upon exposure to acrylamide: correlation with genotoxicity and metabolic alterations. J Appl Toxicol 2013; 34:1293-302. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.2936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Larguinho
- CIGMH, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Campus de Caparica 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Campus de Caparica 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Pedro M. Costa
- IMAR - Instituto do Mar, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Sousa
- CIGMH, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Campus de Caparica 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Maria H. Costa
- IMAR - Instituto do Mar, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Mário S. Diniz
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Campus de Caparica 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Pedro V. Baptista
- CIGMH, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Campus de Caparica 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
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Lu M, Chang Z, Bae MJ, Oh SM, Chung KH, Park JS. Molecular characterization of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway in goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposure to TCDD: the mRNA and protein levels. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 35:469-475. [PMID: 23727285 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In bony fish or other aquatic vertebrates, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway is initiated by exposure to polycyclic (or/and halogenated) aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, TCDD), which subsequently induces the up-regulated expression of a series of related genes (such as cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A)). However, a lack of applicable protein reagents hinders our further understanding of the AhR signaling pathway, which focuses only on gene-based investigations. The goldfish (Carassius auratus) is an ideal model for a study of environmental pollution in whole-Asian fresh water. Here, three sensitive and specific polyclonal antisera against goldfish AhR1, AhR2, and CYP1A proteins were developed. These antisera not only bound the in-vitro synthesized target proteins, but recognized the real proteins expressed in goldfish tissues, with minimal cross-reactivity to non-specific proteins. Together with the analysis of semi-quantitative RT-PCR and polyclonal-antibody-based sandwich ELISA, we confirmed that goldfish AhRs differed in the expression (mRNA and protein levels) patterns among test tissues. Importantly, the relative abundance of each AhR mRNA levels from the different tissues showed no obvious consistency with their protein levels. After exposure to TCDD, goldfish AhR2 showed a more sensitivity than AhR1, and stimulated CYP1A expression directly, similar with the other reported fish models. Overall, development of these antibodies in this study will allow valuable and versatile investigations to further understand the AhR signaling pathway, and different expression (mRNA and protein) patterns represent the first step in determining the regulatory mechanisms underlying the TCDD-exposed aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, South Korea
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13
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Yan Z, Lu G, He J. Reciprocal inhibiting interactive mechanism between the estrogen receptor and aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathways in goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed to 17β-estradiol and benzo[a]pyrene. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2012; 156:17-23. [PMID: 22425873 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the aquatic environment, both the estrogen receptor (ER) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) responses are established biomarkers for assessing exposure to pollutants. These receptor responses can also be affected by the presence of other classes of pollutants and may result in misinterpretation of existing pollution. In this study, we investigated the interaction between ER-vitellogenin (VTG) and AhR-cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) signaling pathways in goldfish (Carassius auratus) after 10 days exposure to pollutants. 17β-Estradiol (E(2)) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) were selected as the ER and AhR agonists, respectively. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of ER-VTG and AhR-CYP1A in liver was determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR). VTG, endogenous E(2) and 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) were also studied. Exposure to E(2) and BaP alone significantly induced the gene expression of ERα-VTG and AhR2-CYP1A, respectively. Moreover, the obvious expression of related proteins was also observed. However, these inductions were significantly reduced after combined exposure to E(2) and lower concentrations of BaP (20 and 50 μg/L), indicative of a reciprocal inhibiting ER-AhR interaction. However, high concentrations (100 μg/L) of BaP did not affect the E(2)-induced gene expression. Changes in VTG protein were in accordance with the expression of VTG mRNA, and more VTG protein was observed in liver than in serum. The induced endogenous E(2) levels were suppressed by the presence of BaP. While the gene expression of CYP1A showed a concentration-dependent increase, EROD induction exhibited a bell-shaped concentration-response curve. Taken together, these results demonstrate a reciprocal inhibiting mode of ER-AhR interactions and may lead to a possible underestimation of actual exposure.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Benzo(a)pyrene/toxicity
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/blood
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/toxicity
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism
- Egg Proteins/genetics
- Egg Proteins/metabolism
- Estradiol/blood
- Estradiol/toxicity
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Goldfish/genetics
- Goldfish/metabolism
- Liver/metabolism
- Male
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/agonists
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/genetics
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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