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Li W, Lv R, Zou T, Chen M. Tricetin protects against liver fibrosis through promoting autophagy and Nrf2 signaling in hepatic stellate cells. Life Sci 2024; 351:122798. [PMID: 38852802 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The study aims to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of tricetin in regulating hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation. MAIN METHODS We treated human hepatic stellate cells line LX-2 and freshly isolated primary mouse hepatic stellate cells (mHSCs) with tricetin, pharmacological inhibitors and siRNAs, western blot, immunofluorescence, quantitative PCR were used to evaluate the expression of fibrotic markers, autophagy levels and Nrf2 (nuclear factor E2-related factor 2) signaling. KEY FINDINGS Herein, we demonstrated that tricetin strongly attenuated the proliferation, migration, lipid droplets (LDs) loss and fibrotic markers Col 1a1 (type I α 1 collagen) and α-SMA (α-smooth muscle actin) expression in LX-2 cells. Moreover, tricetin time- and dose-dependently provoked autophagic formation in LX-2 cells. Autophagy inhibition by pharmacological intervention or genetic ATG5 (autophagy related 5) silencing facilitated tricetin-induced downregulation of profibrotic markers in LX-2 cells. Additionally, tricetin treatment reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, promoted Nrf2 signaling in LX-2 cells and pretreatment with ROS scavenger NAC partially reversed tricetin-induced autophagy and enhanced tricetin-mediated HSCs inactivation. Nrf2 silencing partially reversed tricetin-mediated inhibition of α-SMA expression. Finally, utilizing primary mouse hepatic stellate cells (mHSCs), we demonstrated that tricetin also induced autophagy activation, repressed TGF-β1-induced LDs loss and fibrotic marker expression and pretreatment with CQ further sensitized these effects. SIGNIFICANCE Our study indicates that tricetin's actions may represent an effective strategy to treat liver fibrosis and help identify novel therapeutic targets, especially in combination with autophagy inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanzhi Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, No.1 Xincheng Avenue, Songshan Lake Science & Technologic Industry Park, Dongguan, China
| | - Ruyue Lv
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, No.1 Xincheng Avenue, Songshan Lake Science & Technologic Industry Park, Dongguan, China
| | - Tangbin Zou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, No.1 Xincheng Avenue, Songshan Lake Science & Technologic Industry Park, Dongguan, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, No. 42 Jiaoping Road, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, No.1 Xincheng Avenue, Songshan Lake Science & Technologic Industry Park, Dongguan, China.
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Chien HW, Chuang CC, Hsieh YH, Lee CY, Yu NY, Yang SF. Tricetin suppresses the cell migration and BMP-6 expression through p38 signaling pathways in human retinal pigment epithelium cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:4148-4155. [PMID: 38654487 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a visual-threatening disease, which cause from the migration of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Tricetin, a family of flavonoids, can inhibit the metastasis of several cancers. Herein, we aim to evaluate the possible effect of tricetin on inhibiting ARPE-19 cells migration. The Boyden chamber assay, wound healing assay, RNA sequencing, and Western blot analysis were applied in our experiment. The results revealed that tricetin inhibited the cell migration abilities of ARPE-19 cells. Moreover, using RNA sequencing technology, we revealed that tricetin repressed bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6) gene expressions in ARPE-19 cells. Overexpression of BMP-6 resulted in significant restoration of cell migration capabilities of tricetin-treated ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, tricetin suppressed the phosphorylation of the p38 signaling pathway. Moreover, blocking the p38 pathway also inhibits BMP-6 expression and migration in the ARPE-19 cells. In conclusion, this study revealed that tricetin inhibits the ARPE-19 cell migration mainly via the suppression of BMP-6 expression and p38 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Wen Chien
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chun Chuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Lee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nuo-Yi Yu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Yan CF, Xia J, Qun WS, Bing WY, Guo WJ, Yong HG, Sheng SJ, Lei ZG. Tumor-associated macrophages-derived exo-let-7a promotes osteosarcoma metastasis via targeting C15orf41 in osteosarcoma. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:1318-1331. [PMID: 36919336 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) immune environment is complexed and the immune factors-related to OS progression need to be explored. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are regarded as immune suppressive and tumor-promoting cells. However, the underlying mechanisms through which TAMs function are still fragmentary. Here, we aim to explore the underlying mechanisms by which TAMs regulate OS progression. METHODS TAMs from OS tissues were isolated by flow cytometry. Exosomes derived from TAMs were separated using ultracentrifugation and western blotting. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and flow cytometry were constructed to characterize TAMs-derived exosomes. Additionally, the differential MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and genes were detected through RNA sequencing, and further validated using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). OS cell metastasis ability was assessed using transwell invasion and scratch wound healing assays. MiRNAs mimic and lentiviral vectors were utilized to explore the effects on OS progression. RESULTS Exosome secreted by TAMs accelerated the OS metastasis. Let-7a level was upregulated in TAMs derived exosomes, which downregulated C15orf41 by targeting 3'-untranslated region (UTR). Furthermore, overexpressing let-7a enhanced invasion and migration by blocking the transcription of C15orf41. In consistent, up-regulating let-7a promoted OS progression and made the prognosis to be worse, which can be reversed by C15orf41 overexpression. CONCLUSION This study highlighted the critical role of TAMs-derived exosomes in OS progression and explored the potential value of the let-7a/C15orf41 axis as an indicator or target for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Fei Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang-Si Qun
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Yi Bing
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wu-Jian Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huang-Gang Yong
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Jing Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-Guang Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Jian M, Sun X, Cheng G, Zhang H, Li X, Song F, Liu Z, Wang Z. Discovery of Phenolic Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors by Peptide Microarray for Osteosarcoma Treatment. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2424-2432. [PMID: 36122348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Because of the abnormal upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities in tumors, MMP inhibitors (MMPIs) are validated anticancer drug candidates. We identified several MMPIs including mangiferin as an MMP-9 inhibitor with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 250 nM, isosilybin as an MMP-13 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 250 nM, and isoliquiritigenin as a broad-spectrum MMPI (with IC50 values of 16 nM for MMP-1, 10 nM for MMP-2, 81 nM for MMP-3, 8 nM for MMP-7, 10 nM for MMP-9, and 14 nM for MMP-13) through studying the interactions of 6 MMPs secreted by U-2OS cells with 51 phenolic natural products on the peptide microarray platform. In addition, the inhibitory mechanisms of as-discovered MMPIs were evaluated by a molecular docking simulation. The antitumor efficiencies of MMPIs were demonstrated by both a cell scratch test and growth suppression of mouse-born OS tumors. The results of the cell scratch test suggested that isoliquiritigenin significantly inhibited the migration of U-2OS cells. In addition, administration of isoliquiritigenin significantly reduced the tumor size (by about 80%) and prolonged the survival time (by more than 70 days). This study suggests that the discovery of MMPIs from phenolic natural products is a meaningful way to screen anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghong Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xudong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Guorong Cheng
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fengrui Song
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhenxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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Tricetin Reduces Inflammation and Acinar Cell Injury in Cerulein-Induced Acute Pancreatitis: The Role of Oxidative Stress-Induced DNA Damage Signaling. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061371. [PMID: 35740393 PMCID: PMC9219693 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) poses a worldwide challenge due to the growing incidence and its potentially life-threatening course and complications. Specific targeted therapies are not available, prompting the identification of new pathways and novel therapeutic approaches. Flavonoids comprise several groups of biologically active compounds with wide-ranging effects. The flavone compound, tricetin (TCT), has not yet been investigated in detail but sporadic reports indicate diverse biological activities. In the current study, we evaluated the potential protective effects of TCT in AP. TCT (30 μM) protected isolated primary murine acinar cells from the cytotoxic effects of cerulein, a cholecystokinin analog peptide. The protective effects of TCT were observed in a general viability assay (calcein ester hydrolysis), in an apoptosis assay (caspase activity), and in necrosis assays (propidium iodide uptake and lactate dehydrogenase release). The effects of TCT were not related to its potential antioxidant effects, as TCT did not protect against H2O2-induced acinar cell death despite possessing radical scavenging activity. Cerulein-induced expression of IL1β, IL6, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) were reduced by 30 μM TCT. In vivo experiments confirmed the protective effect of TCT in a mouse model of cerulein-induced AP. TCT suppressed edema formation and apoptosis in the pancreas and reduced lipase and amylase levels in the serum. Moreover, TCT inhibited interleukin-1β (IL1β), interleukin-6 (IL6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) expression in the pancreas and reduced the activation of the oxidative DNA damage sensor enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). Our data indicate that TCT can be a potential treatment option for AP.
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MicroRNAs and osteosarcoma: Potential targets for inhibiting metastasis and increasing chemosensitivity. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 201:115094. [PMID: 35588853 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the third most common cancer in young adults after lymphoma and brain cancer. Metastasis, like other cellular events, is dependent on signaling pathways; a series of changes in some proteins and signaling pathways pave the way for OS cells to invade and migrate. Ezrin, TGF-β, Notch, RUNX2, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), Wnt/β-catenin, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT are among the most important of these proteins and signaling pathways. Despite the improvements in treating OS, the overall survival of patients suffering from the metastatic disease has not experienced any significant change after surgical treatments and chemotherapy and 5-years overall survival in patients with metastatic OS is about 20%. Studies have shown that overexpression or inhibition of some microRNAs (miRNAs) has significant effects in limiting the invasion and migration of OS cells. The results of these studies highlight the potential of the clinical application of some miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors (antagomiRs) to inhibit OS metastasis in the future. In addition, some studies have shown that miRNAs are associated with the most important drug resistance mechanisms in OS, and some miRNAs are highly effective targets to increase chemosensitivity. The results of these studies suggest that miRNA mimics and antagomiRs may be helpful to increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of metastatic OS. In this article, we discussed the role of various signaling pathways and the involved miRNAs in the metastasis of OS, attempting to provide a comprehensive review of the literature on OS metastasis and chemosensitivity.
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Du Z, Lin W, Yu B, Zhu J, Li J. Integrated Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of the Flavonoid Accumulation in the Leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus at Different Altitudes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:794137. [PMID: 35211131 PMCID: PMC8860981 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.794137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus is a medicinal plant containing flavonoids, triterpenoids, polyphenolics, polysaccharides, and other compounds with diverse biological functions. C. paliurus is distributed across altitudes ranging from 400 to 1,000 m. However, little is known about the effect of altitude on metabolite accumulation in C. paliurus. Also, the biosynthetic pathway involved in flavonoid accumulation in C. paliurus has not been fully elucidated. In this study, mature leaves of C. paliurus growing at low altitude (280 m) and high altitude (920 m) were sampled and subjected to metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. The flavonoid content and composition were higher in the leaves of C. paliurus collected at high altitude than in those collected at low altitude. Most of the differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were enriched in "flavone and flavonol biosynthesis." The significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between low and high altitudes were mainly enriched in "biological process." The most heavily enriched KEGG pathway was related to the subcategory "Oxidative phosphorylation," indicating that complicated biological processes are involved in the response of C. paliurus to harsh environmental factors. High UV-light might be the main influencing factor among the harsh environmental factors found in high altitudes. Integrated analysis of metabolomic and transcriptomic data showed that 31 flavonoids were significantly correlated with 227 DEGs, resulting in 412 related pairs (283 positive and 129 negative) between the DEGs and flavonoids. The possible mechanisms underlying the differentially accumulation of flavonoids at different altitude might be due to variations in transport and relocation of flavonoids in C. paliurus leaves, but not different flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. The up-regulation of genes related to energy and protein synthesis might contribute to flavonoid accumulation at high altitudes. This study broadens our understanding of the effect of altitude on metabolite accumulation and biosynthesis in C. paliurus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaokui Du
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Weida Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
- Taizhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Taizhou, China
| | - Binbin Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jinxing Zhu
- Suichang County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lishui, China
| | - Junmin Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
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Lu KH, Yang JS, Hsieh YH, Chu HJ, Chou CH, Lu EWH, Lin CW, Yang SF. Lipocalin-2 Inhibits Osteosarcoma Cell Metastasis by Suppressing MET Expression via the MEK-ERK Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133181. [PMID: 34202288 PMCID: PMC8268143 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Higher neutrophil-derived cytokine lipocalin-2 (LCN2) expression possesses a versatile role in a myriad of cancers, but little is known about the role of LCN2 on osteosarcoma metastasis. In this study, we demonstrated that higher LCN2 inhibited cellular motility, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 was decreased by LCN2 knockdown. Conclusively, LCN2 inhibits osteosarcoma cell metastasis by suppressing MET via the mitogen-activated protein kinases/ERK kinase (MEK)–ERK pathway. Abstract Higher neutrophil-derived cytokine lipocalin-2 (LCN2) expression possesses a versatile role in a myriad of cancers, but little is known about the role of LCN2 on osteosarcoma metastasis. In this study, we demonstrated that higher LCN2 inhibited cellular motility, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, using RNA sequencing technology, we found that LCN2 repressed MET gene expression in U2OS cells. Manipulation of LCN2 levels influenced the migratory potential of osteosarcoma cells as cellular migration was enhanced by transfecting with vectors containing a constitutively active LCN2 cDNA and recombinant human LCN2. Moreover, the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK) 1/2 and ERK 1/2 was decreased by LCN2 knockdown. Furthermore, the use of ERK inhibitor (U0126) and activator (tBHQ) confirmed that the pharmaceutic inhibition of MEK–ERK augmented the LCN2-mediated MET suppression and migration of U2OS and HOS cells. Conclusively, LCN2 inhibits osteosarcoma cell metastasis by suppressing MET via the MEK–ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ju Chu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsuan Chou
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | | | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.L.); (S.-F.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-24739595-34253 (S.-F.Y)
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.L.); (S.-F.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-24739595-34253 (S.-F.Y)
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Modelling studies reveal the importance of the C-terminal inter motif loop of NSP1 as a promising target site for drug discovery and screening of potential phytochemicals to combat SARS-CoV-2. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 106:107920. [PMID: 33933885 PMCID: PMC8053965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.107920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic causative SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is still rapid in progression and transmission even after a year. Understanding the viral transmission and impeding the replication process within human cells are considered as the vital point to control and overcome COVID-19 infection. Non-structural Protein 1, one among the proteins initially produced upon viral entry into human cells, instantly binds with the human ribosome and inhibit the host translation process by preventing the mRNA attachment. However, the formation of NSP1 bound Ribosome complex does not affect the viral replication process. NSP1 plays an indispensable role in modulating the host gene expression and completely steals the host cellular machinery. The full-length structure of NSP1 is essential for the activity in the host cell and importantly the loop connecting N and C-terminal domains are reported to play a role in ribosome binding. Due to the unavailability of the experimentally determined full-length structure of NSP1, we have modelled the complete structure using comparative modelling and the stability and conformational behaviour of the modelled structure was evaluated through molecular dynamics simulation. Interestingly, the present study reveals the significance of the inter motif loop to serves as a potential binding site for drug discovery experiments. Further, we have screened the phytochemicals from medicinal plant sources since they were used for several hundred years that minimizes the traditional drug development time. Among the 5638 phytochemicals screened against the functionally associated binding site of NSP1, the best five phytochemicals shown high docking score of −9.63 to −8.75 kcal/mol were further evaluated through molecular dynamics simulations to understand the binding affinity and stability of the complex. Prime MM-GBSA analysis gave the relative binding free energies for the top five compounds (dihydromyricetin, 10-demethylcephaeline, dihydroquercetin, pseudolycorine and tricetin) in the range of −45.17 kcal/mol to −37.23 kcal/mol, indicating its binding efficacy in the predicted binding site of NSP1. The density functional theory calculations were performed for the selected five phytochemicals to determine the complex stability and chemical reactivity. Thus, the identified phytochemicals could further be used as effective anti-viral agents to overcome COVID-19 and as well as several other viral infections.
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Curcumin Analogue L48H37 Suppresses Human Osteosarcoma U2OS and MG-63 Cells' Migration and Invasion in Culture by Inhibition of uPA via the JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010030. [PMID: 33374783 PMCID: PMC7795127 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, the most prevalent malignant bone tumor in the pediatric age group, is responsible for the great majority of cancer-associated deaths owing to its highly metastatic potential. The anti-metastatic effects of the new curcumin analogue L48H37 in human osteosarcoma are still unknown; hence, we investigated whether L48H37 represses human osteosarcoma cells’ biological behavior of migratory potential and invasive activities and attempted to delve into its underlying mechanisms. L48H37 up to 5 μM inhibited, without cytotoxicity, the motility, migration, and invasion of human osteosarcoma U2OS and MG-63 cells. In U2OS cells, the human protease array revealed an obvious decrease in urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) expression after L48H37 treatment, and L48H37 actually reduced the level, protein and mRNA expression, and promoter activity of uPA dose-dependently. L48H37 decreased the phosphorylation of STAT3, JAK1, JAK2, and JAK3 in U2OS cells, but did not affect the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, p38, and Akt. Using colivelin, an activator of STAT3, the L48H37-induced decrease in uPA and migratory potential could be countered as expected. Collectively, L48H37 represses the invasion and migration capabilities of U2OS and MG-63 cells by the suppression of uPA expression and the inhibition of JAK/STAT signaling. These results suggest that L48H37 may be a potential candidate for anti-metastatic treatment of human osteosarcoma.
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New insights into antimetastatic signaling pathways of melatonin in skeletomuscular sarcoma of childhood and adolescence. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 39:303-320. [PMID: 32086631 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09845-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is an indole produced by the pineal gland at night under normal light or dark conditions, and its levels, which are higher in children than in adults, begin to decrease prior to the onset of puberty and continue to decline thereafter. Apart from circadian regulatory actions, melatonin has significant apoptotic, angiogenic, oncostatic, and antiproliferative effects on various cancer cells. Particularly, the ability of melatonin to inhibit skeletomuscular sarcoma, which most commonly affects children, teenagers, and young adults, is substantial. In the past few decades, the vast majority of references have focused on the concept of epithelial-mesenchymal transition involvement in invasion and migration to allow carcinoma cells to dissociate from each other and to degrade the extracellular matrix. Recently, researchers have applied this idea to sarcoma cells of mesenchymal origin, e.g., osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma, with their ability to initiate the invasion-metastasis cascade. Similarly, interest of the effects of melatonin has shifted from carcinomas to sarcomas. Herein, in this state-of-the-art review, we compiled the knowledge related to the molecular mechanism of antimetastatic actions of melatonin on skeletomuscular sarcoma as in childhood and during adolescence. Utilization of melatonin as an adjuvant with chemotherapeutic drugs for synergy and fortification of the antimetastatic effects for the reinforcement of therapeutic actions are considered.
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New insights into molecular and cellular mechanisms of zoledronate in human osteosarcoma. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 214:107611. [PMID: 32565177 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the skeleton in teenagers and young adults and continues to confer a generally poor prognosis in patients who do not respond to chemotherapy or who present with metastatic diseases at diagnosis. The nitrogen-containing zoledronate, the third generation bisphosphonate (BP), effectively inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption and is widely utilized in the treatment of metabolic and metastatic bone diseases nowadays. Owing to an acceptable safety profile and tolerability, zoledronate is the only BP currently approved for the prevention and treatment of skeletal relevant events in patients with metastatic bone lesions, especially bone metastases from advanced renal cell carcinoma and prostate cancer, and breast cancer, due to all solid malignancy. Moreover, zoledronate possesses diverse anti-osteosarcoma properties and may have potential to become an adjunctive treatment for high-grade osteosarcoma to enhance survival rates and to obliterate complications of the chemotherapy. Herein we highlighted the pharmacology of BPs and its underlying molecular mechanisms in osteoclasts and various cancer cells. We further provided the available literature on in vitro studies to illustrate the new insights into the intracellular molecular mechanisms of zoledronate in human osteosarcoma cell lines and in vivo animal models that led to the development and regulatory approval of zoledronate in patients with human osteosarcoma. This review also addresses clinical trials to focus on the efficacy of zoledronate on human osteosarcoma.
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Chen JM, Chen PY, Lin CC, Hsieh MC, Lin JT. Antimetastatic Effects of Sesamin on Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092248. [PMID: 32397656 PMCID: PMC7249112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sesamin is a lignin present in sesame oil from the bark of Zanthoxylum spp. Sesamin reportedly has anticarcinogenic potential and exerts anti-inflammatory effects on several tumors. Hypothesis/Purpose: However, the effect of sesamin on metastatic progression in human head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unknown in vitro and in vivo; hence, we investigated the effect of sesamin on HNSCC cells in vitro. Methods and Results: Sesamin-treated human oral cancer cell lines FaDu, HSC-3, and Ca9-22 were subjected to a wound-healing assay. Furthermore, Western blotting was performed to assess the effect of sesamin on the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and proteins of the MAPK signaling pathway, including p-ERK1/2, P-p38, and p-JNK1/2. In addition, we investigated the association between MMP-2 expression and the MAPK pathway in sesamin-treated oral cancer cells. Sesamin inhibited cell migration and invasion in FaDu, Ca9-22, and HSC-3 cells and suppressed MMP-2 at noncytotoxic concentrations (0 to 40 μM). Furthermore, sesamin significantly reduced p38 MAPK and JNK phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner in FaDu and HSC-3 cells. Conclusions: These results indicate that sesamin suppresses the migration and invasion of HNSCC cells by regulating MMP-2 and is thus a potential antimetastatic agent for treating HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming Chen
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Yin Chen
- Department of Recreation and Holistic Wellness, MingDao University, Changhua 523, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Chang Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-C.H.); (J.-T.L.); Tel.: +886-4-7238595 (J.-T.L.); Fax: +886-4-7232942 (J.-T.L.)
| | - Jen-Tsun Lin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-C.H.); (J.-T.L.); Tel.: +886-4-7238595 (J.-T.L.); Fax: +886-4-7232942 (J.-T.L.)
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Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Ekrami EM, Aghdas SAM, Mihanfar A, Hallaj S, Yousefi B, Safa A, Majidinia M. Targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by polyphenols: Implication for cancer therapy. Life Sci 2020; 255:117481. [PMID: 32135183 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the biggest challenges facing medicine and its cure is regarded to be the Holy Grail of medicine. Therapy in cancer is consisted as various artificial cytotoxic agents and radiotherapy, and recently immunotherapy. Recently much attention has been directed to the use of natural occurring agents in cancer therapy. One of the main group of agents utilized in this regard is polyphenols which are found abundantly in berries, fruits and vegetables. Polyphenols show to exert direct and indirect effects in progression of cancer, angiogenesis, proliferation and enhancing resistance to treatment. One of the cellular pathways commonly affected by polyphenols is PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which has far ranging effects on multiple key aspects of cellular growth, metabolism and death. In this review article, evidence regarding the biology of polyphenols in cancer via PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is discussed and their application on cancer pathophysiology in various types of human malignancies is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elyad Mohammadi Ekrami
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Mousavi Aghdas
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ainaz Mihanfar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shahin Hallaj
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Safa
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Tomatidine Represses Invasion and Migration of Human Osteosarcoma U2OS and HOS Cells by Suppression of Presenilin 1 and c-Raf-MEK-ERK Pathway. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020326. [PMID: 31941156 PMCID: PMC7024336 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, which is the most prevalent malignant bone tumor, is responsible for the great majority of bone cancer-associated deaths because of its highly metastatic potential. Although tomatidine is suggested to serve as a chemosensitizer in multidrug-resistant tumors, the anti-metastatic effect of tomatidine in osteosarcoma is still unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that tomatidine suppresses migration and invasion, features that are associated with metastatic process in human osteosarcoma cells and also investigate its underlying pathway. Tomatidine, up to 100 μM, without cytotoxicity, inhibited the invasion and migration capabilities of human osteosarcoma U2OS and HOS cells and repressed presenilin 1 (PS-1) expression of U2OS cells. After the knockdown of PS-1, U2OS and HOS cells’ biological behaviors of cellular invasion and migratory potential were significantly reduced. While tomatidine significantly decreased the phosphorylation of c-Raf, mitogen/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK), and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2 in U2OS cells, no obvious influences on p-Jun N-terminal kinase, p38, and Akt, including their phosphorylation, were observed. In ERK 1 silencing U2 OS cells, tomatidine further enhanced the decrease of their migratory potential and invasive activities. We conclude that both PS-1 derived from U2OS and HOS cells and the c-Raf–MEK–ERK pathway contribute to cellular invasion and migration and tomatidine could inhibit the phenomenons. These findings indicate that tomatidine might be a potential candidate for anti-metastasis treatment of human osteosarcoma.
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Hsu LS, Kao TH, Chang YM, Lin MC, Hong LZ, Chen PN, Tsai YH, Hseu YC, Chen KM. Naringenin reduced migration in osteosarcoma cells through downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 and snail. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_31_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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17
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Chuang CY, Tang CM, Ho HY, Hsin CH, Weng CJ, Yang SF, Chen PN, Lin CW. Licochalcone A induces apoptotic cell death via JNK/p38 activation in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:853-860. [PMID: 30983163 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Licochalcone A is widely studied in different fields and possesses antiasthmatic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anticancer properties. Its antimalignancy activity on renal, liver, lung, and oral cancer has been explored. However, limited studies have been conducted on the inhibitory effects of licochalcone A in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. We determined cell viability using MTT assay. Cell cycle distribution and apoptotic cell death were measured via flow cytometry. Caspase activation and mitogen-activated protein kinase-related proteins in nasopharyngeal cancer cells in response to licochalcone A were identified by Western blot analysis. Results indicated that licochalcone A reduces cell viability and induces apoptosis, as evidenced by the upregulation of caspase-8 and caspase-9, caspase-3 activation, and cleaved-poly ADP-ribose polymerase expression. Treatment with licochalcone A significantly increases ERK1/2, p38, and JNK1/2 activation. Co-administration of a JNK inhibitor (JNK-IN-8) or p38 inhibitor (SB203580) abolishes the activation of caspase-9, caspase-8, and caspase-3 protein expression during licochalcone A treatment. These findings indicate that licochalcone A exerts a cytostatic effect through apoptosis by targeting the JNK/p38 pathway in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Therefore, licochalcone A is a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of human nasopharyngeal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yi Chuang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ming Tang
- Graduate Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Ho
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Hsin
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Weng
- Department of Living Services Industry, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ni Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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18
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Tricetin Protects Rat Chondrocytes against IL-1 β-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4695381. [PMID: 31231454 PMCID: PMC6512055 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4695381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Tricetin is a well-studied flavonoid with a wide range of pharmacological activities in cancer and inflammation. However, the ability of tricetin to ameliorate the inflammation that occurs in osteoarthritis (OA) has not been determined. This study explored the effects of tricetin on interleukin- (IL-) 1β-induced rat chondrocytes. Chondrocytes harvested from rat cartilage were incubated in vitro with tricetin in the presence of IL-1β. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 1, MMP-3, MMP-13, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), Bax, and Bcl-2 was evaluated by real-time-PCR, ELISA, Griess reaction, and western blotting. Caspase-3 activity in chondrocytes was determined using a caspase-3 activity assay and MAPK pathway activity by western blotting. Tricetin decreased the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13 at both the gene and protein level in IL-1β-induced rat chondrocytes. It also inhibited IL-1β-induced NO and PGE2 production, by modulating inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase 2 gene expression. An antiapoptotic role of tricetin involving the Bax/Bcl-2/caspase-3 pathway was also determined. The chondroprotective effect of tricetin was shown to be partly related to the suppression of the MAPK signaling pathway. The results of this study demonstrate the chondroprotective role of tricetin, based on its anticatabolic, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects in chondrocytes. The therapeutic potential of tricetin in OA patients should be explored in future studies.
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Zhang Z, Li P, Li T, Zhao C, Wang G. Velvet Antler compounds targeting major cell signaling pathways in osteosarcoma - a new insight into mediating the process of invasion and metastasis in OS. OPEN CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2019-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractVelvet antler is the only renewable bone tissue of mammalian animals, which consists of a variety of growth factors, amino acids and polypeptides. But the mechanism of high-speed proliferation without carcinogenesis is still mystifying. The previous study of this work found that the velvet antler peptides (VAP) could not only inhibit the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63 and U2OS, but also induced U2OS apoptosis and inhibited MG-63 epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through TGF-β and Notch pathways. These results lead us to conclude that VAP has the potential ability to mediate osteosarcoma cells by regulating related signaling pathways and growth factors. Therefore, finding a new appropriate inhibitor for OS is a valuable research direction, which will give patients a better chance to receive proper therapy. From an applied perspective, this review summarized the effects of velvet antler, genes, growth factors and research progress of relative pathways and genes of osteosarcoma, which are poised to help link regenerative molecular biology and regenerative medicine in osteosarcoma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyao Zhang
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, DaGong Road, PanjinLiaoning 124221, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, DaGong Road, PanjinLiaoning 124221, China
| | - Tie Li
- Acupuncture and Tuina Institute, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, ChangchunJilin 130021, China
| | - Changwei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, ChangchunJilin 130021, China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, ChangchunJilin 130021, China
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20
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Lu KH, Su SC, Lin CW, Hsieh YH, Lin YC, Chien MH, Reiter RJ, Yang SF. Melatonin attenuates osteosarcoma cell invasion by suppression of C-C motif chemokine ligand 24 through inhibition of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway. J Pineal Res 2018; 65:e12507. [PMID: 29766567 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, with its high metastatic potential, is the most prevalent malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. Melatonin possesses multiple tumor-suppressing properties for a myriad of tumors, but little is known about the effects of melatonin on osteosarcoma metastasis. In this study, we demonstrated that melatonin elicited very low cytotoxicity and significantly inhibited cellular motility, migration, and invasion in human osteosarcoma U2OS and HOS cells. Moreover, using RNA sequencing technology, we revealed that melatonin repressed C-C motif chemokine ligand 24 (CCL24) gene expression in U2OS cells. Manipulation of CCL24 levels influenced the motility of osteosarcoma cells as cell migration and invasion were enhanced by the addition of recombinant human CCL24 and attenuated by the silencing of CCL24. Moreover, melatonin increased and decreased the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner in U2OS and HOS cells while exerting no evident influence on the level and activation of p38, Akt, FAK, steroid receptor coactivator, or Raf. In further functional experiments, the use of JNK inhibitors (SP600125 and DN-JNK) confirmed that the pharmaceutic inhibition of JNK augmented the melatonin-mediated CCL24 suppression and migration of U2OS cells. Overall, our results revealed that melatonin attenuated chemokine CCL24 levels through inhibition of the JNK pathway to hinder human osteosarcoma cell invasion, thereby highlighting the therapeutic potential of melatonin for osteosarcoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Linkou and Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chiu Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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21
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Wang K, Hu DN, Lin HW, Yang WE, Hsieh YH, Chien HW, Yang SF. Fisetin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in human uveal melanoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:527-534. [PMID: 29383865 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fisetin, a diatery flavonoid, been reported that possess anticancer effects in various cancers. The purpose of the study was to investigate the antitumor effects of fisetin in cultured uveal melanoma cell lines and compared with normal retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. MTT assay was used for evaluating cytotoxic effects of fisetin. Flow cytometry study was used for the determination of apoptosis. JC-1 fluorescent reader was used to determine mitochondrial transmembrane potential changes. The results shown that fisetin dose-dependently decreased the cell viability of uveal melanoma cells but not influenced the cell viability of RPE cells. Apoptosis of uveal melanoma cells was induced by fisetin efficiently. Fisetin inhibited antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins and damaged the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. The levels of proapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, cytochrome c, and various caspase activities were increased by fisetin. In conclusion, fisetin induces apoptosis of uveal melanoma cells selectively and may be a promising agent to be explored for the treatment of uveal melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dan-Ning Hu
- Tissue Culture Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Hui-Wen Lin
- Department of Optometry, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Wen Chien
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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22
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Yang SL, Kuo FH, Chen PN, Hsieh YH, Yu NY, Yang WE, Hsieh MJ, Yang SF. Andrographolide suppresses the migratory ability of human glioblastoma multiforme cells by targeting ERK1/2-mediated matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:105860-105872. [PMID: 29285298 PMCID: PMC5739685 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) can be a fatal tumor because of difficulties in treating the related metastasis. Andrographolide is the bioactive component of the Andrographis paniculata. Andrographolide possesses the anti-inflammatory activity and inhibits the growth of various cancers; however, its effect on GBM cancer motility remains largely unknown. In this study, we examined the antimetastatic properties of andrographolide in human GBM cells. Our results revealed that andrographolide inhibited the invasion and migration abilities of GBM8401 and U251 cells. Furthermore, andrographolide inhibited matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 activity and expression. Real-time PCR and promoter activity assays indicated that andrographolide inhibited MMP-2 expression at the transcriptional level. Such inhibitory effects were associated with the suppression of CREB DNA-binding activity and CREB expression. Mechanistically, andrographolide inhibited the cell motility of GBM8401 cells through the extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 pathway, and the blocking of the ERK 1/2 pathway could reverse MMP-2-mediated cell motility. In conclusion, CREB is a crucial target of andrographolide for suppressing MMP-2-mediated cell motility in GBM cells. Therefore, a combination of andrographolide and an ERK inhibitor might be a good strategy for preventing GBM metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Liang Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hsuan Kuo
- Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ni Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nuo-Yi Yu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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23
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Yeh CM, Su SC, Lin CW, Yang WE, Chien MH, Reiter RJ, Yang SF. Melatonin as a potential inhibitory agent in head and neck cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:90545-90556. [PMID: 29163852 PMCID: PMC5685773 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a molecule secreted by the pineal gland; it is an important regulator of sleep and circadian rhythms. Through multiple interrelated mechanisms, melatonin exhibits various inhibitory properties at different stages of tumor progression. Many studies have explored the oncostatic effects of melatonin on hormone-dependent tumors. In this review, we highlight recent advances in understanding the effects of melatonin on the development of head and neck cancers, including molecular mechanisms identified through experimental and clinical observations. Because melatonin exerts a wide range of effects, melatonin may influence many mechanisms that influence the development of cancer. These include cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling through matrix metalloproteinases, and genetic polymorphism. Thus, the evidence discussed in this article will serve as a basis for basic and clinical research to promote the use of melatonin for understanding and controlling the development of head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ming Yeh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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24
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Chien MH, Chow JM, Lee WJ, Chen HY, Tan P, Wen YC, Lin YW, Hsiao PC, Yang SF. Tricetin Induces Apoptosis of Human Leukemic HL-60 Cells through a Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Activation Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081667. [PMID: 28758971 PMCID: PMC5578057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tricetin is a dietary flavonoid with cytostatic properties and antimetastatic activities in various solid tumors. The anticancer effect of tricetin in nonsolid tumors remains unclear. Herein, the molecular mechanisms by which tricetin exerts its anticancer effects on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells were investigated. Results showed that tricetin inhibited cell viability in various types of AML cell lines. Tricetin induced morphological features of apoptosis such as chromatin condensation and phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization, and significantly activated proapoptotic signaling including caspase-8, -9, and -3 activation and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage in HL-60 AML cells. Of note, tricetin-induced cell growth inhibition was dramatically reversed by a pan caspase and caspase-8- and -9-specific inhibitors, suggesting that this compound mainly acts through a caspase-dependent pathway. Moreover, treatment of HL-60 cells with tricetin induced sustained activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and inhibition of ERK and JNK by their specific inhibitors respectively promoted and abolished tricetin-induced cell apoptosis. Dichlorofluorescein (DCF) staining showed that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were higher in tricetin-treated HL-60 cells compared to the control group. Moreover, an ROS scavenger, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), reversed tricetin-induced JNK activation and subsequent cell apoptosis. In conclusion, our results indicated that tricetin induced cell death of leukemic HL-60 cells through induction of intracellular oxidative stress following activation of a JNK-mediated apoptosis pathway. A combination of tricetin and an ERK inhibitor may be a better strategy to enhance the anticancer activities of tricetin in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan.
| | - Jyh-Ming Chow
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan.
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Yu Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - Peng Tan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ching Wen
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Wei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Ching Hsiao
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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