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Silva M, Avni D, Varela J, Barreira L. The Ocean's Pharmacy: Health Discoveries in Marine Algae. Molecules 2024; 29:1900. [PMID: 38675719 PMCID: PMC11055030 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a global health challenge, constituting a major cause of mortality and disease burden in the 21st century. Addressing the prevention and management of NCDs is crucial for improving global public health, emphasizing the need for comprehensive strategies, early interventions, and innovative therapeutic approaches to mitigate their far-reaching consequences. Marine organisms, mainly algae, produce diverse marine natural products with significant therapeutic potential. Harnessing the largely untapped potential of algae could revolutionize drug development and contribute to combating NCDs, marking a crucial step toward natural and targeted therapeutic approaches. This review examines bioactive extracts, compounds, and commercial products derived from macro- and microalgae, exploring their protective properties against oxidative stress, inflammation, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, metabolic diseases, and cancer across in vitro, cell-based, in vivo, and clinical studies. Most research focuses on macroalgae, demonstrating antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, gut health modulation, metabolic health promotion, and anti-cancer effects. Microalgae products also exhibit anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anti-cancer properties. Although studies mainly investigated extracts and fractions, isolated compounds from algae have also been explored. Notably, polysaccharides, phlorotannins, carotenoids, and terpenes emerge as prominent compounds, collectively representing 42.4% of the investigated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Silva
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.S.); (J.V.)
| | - Dorit Avni
- MIGAL Galilee Institute, Kiryat Shmona 1106000, Israel;
| | - João Varela
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.S.); (J.V.)
- Green Colab—Associação Oceano Verde, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Luísa Barreira
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.S.); (J.V.)
- Green Colab—Associação Oceano Verde, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Kim YM, Kim HY, Jang JT, Hong S. Preventive Effect of Ecklonia cava Extract on DSS-Induced Colitis by Elevating Intestinal Barrier Function and Improving Pathogenic Inflammation. Molecules 2023; 28:8099. [PMID: 38138587 PMCID: PMC10745772 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a complex gastrointestinal disorder with a multifactorial etiology, including environmental triggers, autoimmune mechanisms, and genetic predisposition. Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies for IBD, its associated mortality rate continues to rise, which is often attributed to unforeseen side effects of conventional treatments. In this context, we explored the potential of Ecklonia cava extract (ECE), derived from an edible marine alga known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, in mitigating IBD. This study investigated the effectiveness of ECE as a preventive agent in a murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Our findings revealed that pretreatment with ECE significantly ameliorated colitis severity, as evidenced by increased colon length, reduced spleen weight, and histological improvements demonstrated by immunohistochemical analysis. Furthermore, ECE significantly attenuated the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines and mediators and the infiltration of immune cells known to be prominent features of colitis in mice. Notably, ECE alleviated dysbiosis of intestinal microflora and aided in the recovery of damaged intestinal mucosa. Mechanistically, ECE exhibited protective effects against pathogenic colitis by inhibiting the NLRP3/NF-κB pathways known to be pivotal regulators in the inflammatory signaling cascade. These compelling results suggest that ECE holds promise as a potential candidate for IBD prevention. It might be developed into a functional food for promoting gastrointestinal health. This research sheds light on the preventive potential of natural compounds like ECE in the management of IBD, offering a safer and more effective approach to combating this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Mi Kim
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea; (Y.-M.K.); (H.-Y.K.)
| | - Hye-Youn Kim
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea; (Y.-M.K.); (H.-Y.K.)
| | - Ji-Tae Jang
- Aqua Green Technology Co., Ltd., Smart Building, Jeju Science Park, Jeju 63309, Republic of Korea;
| | - Suntaek Hong
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea; (Y.-M.K.); (H.-Y.K.)
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E L, Li W, Hu Y, Deng L, Yao J, Zhou X. Methyl cinnamate protects against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1806-1818. [PMID: 37654075 PMCID: PMC10686792 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective and non-toxic therapeutic agents are lacking for the prevention and treatment of colitis. Previous studies found that methyl cinnamate (MC), extracted from galangal ( Alpinia officinarum Hance), has anti-inflammatory properties. However, whether MC is effective as anti-colitis therapy remains unknown. In this study, we investigate the therapeutic effects of MC on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice and further explore its potential mechanism of action. MC treatment relieves symptoms associated with DSS-induced colitis, including the recovery of DSS-induced weight loss, decreases the disease activity index score, and increases the colon length without toxic side effects. MC treatment protects the integrity of the intestinal barrier in mice with DSS-induced colitis and inhibits the overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the MAPK signaling pathway is found to be closely related to the treatment with MC of colitis. Western blot analysis show that phosphorylation of the p38 protein in colon tissues treated with MC is markedly reduced and phosphorylation levels of the p38, JNK and ERK proteins are significantly decreased in RAW 264.7 cells treated with MC, indicating that the mechanism of MC in treating DSS-induced colitis could be achieved by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, 16S RNA sequencing analysis show that MC can improve intestinal microbial dysbiosis in mice with DSS-induced colitis. Altogether, these findings suggest that MC may be a novel therapeutic candidate with anti-colitis efficacy. Furthermore, MC treatment relieves the symptoms of colitis by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway and improving the intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilin E
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Wenjie Li
- The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Yuanjia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacauMacao SAR 999078China
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Formula-Pattern Research CenterSchool of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Jianping Yao
- The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xingwang Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
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Caban M, Lewandowska U. Polyphenols and the potential mechanisms of their therapeutic benefits against inflammatory bowel diseases. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Alsharif IA, Fayed HM, Abdel-Rahman RF, Abd-Elsalam RM, Ogaly HA. Miconazole Mitigates Acetic Acid-Induced Experimental Colitis in Rats: Insight into Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Keap1/Nrf-2 Signaling Crosstalk. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:303. [PMID: 35205169 PMCID: PMC8869207 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is the most common type of inflammatory bowel disease, characterized by oxidative stress and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines. Miconazole is an azole antifungal that stimulates the expression of antioxidant enzymes via Nrf2 activation, which consequently inhibits ROS formation and NF-κB activation. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of miconazole, sulfasalazine (as a reference drug) and their combination on acetic acid (AA)-induced UC in a rat model which was induced by intra-rectal administration of 4% AA. Rats were pretreated with miconazole (20 and 40 mg/kg, orally) or sulfasalazine (100 mg/kg, orally), or their combination (20 mg/kg miconazole and 50 mg/Kg of sulfasalazine, orally). Pretreatment with miconazole significantly reduced wet colon weight and macroscopic scores, accompanied by a significant amelioration of the colonic architecture disorder. Moreover, the treatment also significantly decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and prevented the depletion of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and GSH content in inflamed colons. Additionally, the treatment showed suppressive activities on pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and upregulated the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). Moreover, the treatment upregulated the protein levels of Nrf-2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the colon tissue. Taken together, miconazole is effective in alleviating AA-induced colitis in rats, and the mechanism of its action is associated with the activation of Nrf2-regulated cytoprotective protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifat A. Alsharif
- Biology Department, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hany M. Fayed
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Rehab F. Abdel-Rahman
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Reham M. Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
| | - Hanan A. Ogaly
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
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Wang T, Wang P, Ge W, Shi C, Xiao G, Wang X, Lü X. Protective effect of a multi-strain probiotics mixture on azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-induced colon carcinogenesis. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Rajan DK, Mohan K, Zhang S, Ganesan AR. Dieckol: a brown algal phlorotannin with biological potential. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:111988. [PMID: 34371307 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dieckol [C36H22O18], is a naturally occurring phlorotannin found in some brown algal species. Dieckol is gaining more attention in the scientific community for its potential biological activities. It has been exhibited a broad spectrum of therapeutic functions including anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-aging, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, and other medicinal applications. Distinct emphasis has been given to extraction, purification, and biomedical applications of dieckol. This critical review comprises of in vitro, in vivo, and in silico biological properties of dieckol. An attempt has been made to evaluate the effectiveness, therapeutical application, and mechanism of dieckol against various diseases. The pharmacological significance, current status and the dosage of multifunctional dieckol and its mechanisms have been discussed in this review. Dieckol plays an important role in apoptosis induction via inhibiting the PI3K, AKT, mTOR and FAK signaling molecules. Dieckol remarkably inhibited the lipid accumulation in high fat diet induced animal models. Dieckol, a multifaceted compound will be beneficial in attenuating the action of various diseases and it could be a potential pharmaceutical and nutraceutical compound. Therefore, the combined effects of dieckol with existing drugs and natural compounds will be studied in future to optimize its benefits. Besides limited information on the toxicological action and dosage administration of dieckol on the human was reported to date. Overall, dieckol is a prospective health-promoting compound for the development of a novel drug against numerous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durairaj Karthick Rajan
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai 608502, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kannan Mohan
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Sri Vasavi College, Erode 638316, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shubing Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Abirami Ramu Ganesan
- Group of Fermentation and Distillation, Laimburg Research Center, Laimburg 6, I-39040 Post Auer, BZ, Italy
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Qu L, Lin X, Liu C, Ke C, Zhou Z, Xu K, Cao G, Liu Y. Atractylodin Attenuates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis by Alleviating Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Inhibiting Inflammatory Response Through the MAPK Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:665376. [PMID: 34335244 PMCID: PMC8320761 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.665376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and mechanism of atractylodin (ATL) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. We found that atractylodin could significantly reverse the effects of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, such as weight loss, disease activity index score; shorten the colon length, and reverse the pathological changes in the colon of mice. Atractylodin could inhibit the activation of colonic macrophages by inhibiting the MAPK pathway and alleviate intestinal inflammation in the mouse model of ulcerative colitis. Moreover, it could protect the intestinal barrier by inhibiting the decrease of the tight junction proteins, ZO-1, occludin, and MUC2. Additionally, atractylodin could decrease the abundance of harmful bacteria and increase that of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract of mice, effectively improving the intestinal microecology. In an LPS-induced macrophage model, atractylodin could inhibit the MAPK pathway and expression of the inflammatory factors of macrophages. Atractylodin could also inhibit the production of lactate, which is the end product of glycolysis; inhibit the activity of GAPDH, which is an important rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis; inhibit the malonylation of GAPDH, and, thus, inhibit the translation of TNF-α. Therefore, ours is the first study to highlight the potential of atractylodin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and reveal its possible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghang Qu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiong Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunlian Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Ke
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongshi Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Kang Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Guosheng Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanju Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan, China
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