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Rajabian N, Choudhury D, Ikhapoh I, Saha S, Kalyankar AS, Mehrotra P, Shahini A, Breed K, Andreadis ST. Reversine ameliorates hallmarks of cellular senescence in human skeletal myoblasts via reactivation of autophagy. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13764. [PMID: 36625257 PMCID: PMC10014065 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence leads to the depletion of myogenic progenitors and decreased regenerative capacity. We show that the small molecule 2,6-disubstituted purine, reversine, can improve some well-known hallmarks of cellular aging in senescent myoblast cells. Reversine reactivated autophagy and insulin signaling pathway via upregulation of Adenosine Monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Akt2, restoring insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in senescent cells. Reversine also restored the loss of connectivity of glycolysis to the TCA cycle, thus restoring dysfunctional mitochondria and the impaired myogenic differentiation potential of senescent myoblasts. Altogether, our data suggest that cellular senescence can be reversed by treatment with a single small molecule without employing genetic reprogramming technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Rajabian
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Debanik Choudhury
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Izuagie Ikhapoh
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Shilpashree Saha
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Aishwarya S. Kalyankar
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Pihu Mehrotra
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Aref Shahini
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Kendall Breed
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Stelios T. Andreadis
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
- Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life SciencesUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
- Cell, Gene and Tissue Engineering (CGTE) Center, School of Engineering and Applied SciencesUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
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Jiao H, Walczak BE, Lee MS, Lemieux ME, Li WJ. GATA6 regulates aging of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2020; 39:62-77. [PMID: 33252174 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cellular reprogramming forcing the expression of pluripotency markers can reverse aging of cells, but how molecular mechanisms through which reprogrammed cells alter aging-related cellular activities still remains largely unclear. In this study, we reprogrammed human synovial fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using six reprogramming factors and reverted the iPSCs back to MSCs, as an approach to cell rejuvenation. Using the parental and reprogrammed MSCs as control nonrejuvenated and rejuvenated cells, respectively, for comparative analysis, we found that aging-related activities were greatly reduced in reprogrammed MSCs compared with those in their parental lines, indicating reversal of cell aging. Global transcriptome analysis revealed differences in activities of regulatory networks associated with inflammation and proliferation. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that, compared with control cells, the expression of GATA binding protein 6 (GATA6) in reprogrammed cells was attenuated, resulting in an increase in the activity of sonic hedgehog signaling and the expression level of downstream forkhead box P1 (FOXP1), in turn ameliorating cellular hallmarks of aging. Lower levels of GATA6 expression were also found in cells harvested from younger mice or lower passage cultures. Our findings suggest that GATA6 is a critical regulator increased in aged MSCs that controls the downstream sonic hedgehog signaling and FOXP1 pathway to modulate cellular senescence and aging-related activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Brian E Walczak
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ming-Song Lee
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Wan-Ju Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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3
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Sallam A, Mousa SA. Neurodegenerative Diseases and Cell Reprogramming. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4767-4777. [PMID: 32785825 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases have different types according to the onset of the disease, the time course, and the underlying pathology. Although the dogma that brain cells cannot regenerate has changed, the normal regenerative process of the brain is usually not sufficient to restore brain tissue defects after different pathological insults. Stem cell therapy and more recently cell reprogramming could achieve success in the process of brain renewal. This review article presents recent advances of stem cell therapies in neurodegenerative diseases and the role of cell reprogramming in the scope of optimizing a confined condition that could direct signaling pathways of the cell toward a specific neural lineage. Further, we will discuss different types of transcriptional factors and their role in neural cell fate direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Sallam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Governorate, Alexandria, Egypt.,Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and its Applications (CERRMA) Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Governorate, Egypt
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- The Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 1 Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA.
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Sarkar TJ, Quarta M, Mukherjee S, Colville A, Paine P, Doan L, Tran CM, Chu CR, Horvath S, Qi LS, Bhutani N, Rando TA, Sebastiano V. Transient non-integrative expression of nuclear reprogramming factors promotes multifaceted amelioration of aging in human cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1545. [PMID: 32210226 PMCID: PMC7093390 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15174-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a gradual loss of function occurring at the molecular, cellular, tissue and organismal levels. At the chromatin level, aging associates with progressive accumulation of epigenetic errors that eventually lead to aberrant gene regulation, stem cell exhaustion, senescence, and deregulated cell/tissue homeostasis. Nuclear reprogramming to pluripotency can revert both the age and the identity of any cell to that of an embryonic cell. Recent evidence shows that transient reprogramming can ameliorate age-associated hallmarks and extend lifespan in progeroid mice. However, it is unknown how this form of rejuvenation would apply to naturally aged human cells. Here we show that transient expression of nuclear reprogramming factors, mediated by expression of mRNAs, promotes a rapid and broad amelioration of cellular aging, including resetting of epigenetic clock, reduction of the inflammatory profile in chondrocytes, and restoration of youthful regenerative response to aged, human muscle stem cells, in each case without abolishing cellular identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapash Jay Sarkar
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Applied Physics, Stanford University School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Marco Quarta
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.ePaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eCenter for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA ,0000 0004 0635 6745grid.486808.aMolecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA
| | - Shravani Mukherjee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Sanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Alex Colville
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.ePaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eCenter for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Patrick Paine
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.ePaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eCenter for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA ,0000 0004 0635 6745grid.486808.aMolecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA
| | - Linda Doan
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.ePaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eCenter for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA ,0000 0004 0635 6745grid.486808.aMolecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA
| | - Christopher M. Tran
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.ePaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eCenter for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Constance R. Chu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Sanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eVA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- 0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eDepartment of Human Genetics David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA ,0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eDepartment of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Lei S. Qi
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Nidhi Bhutani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Sanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.ePaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eCenter for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Vittorio Sebastiano
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
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Kyriazis M. Four Principles Regarding an Effective Treatment of Aging. Curr Aging Sci 2018; 11:149-154. [PMID: 30362423 PMCID: PMC6388426 DOI: 10.2174/1874609811666181025170059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The question whether aging is a disease or not, has been asked by many professionals who are involved in the study of age-related degeneration. However, not only an agreement on this remains elusive, but also effective clinical treatments against human aging have not been forthcoming. In this Opinion paper I suggest that the complexity involved in aging is such that we need to remodel our thinking to involve a much more 'systems-oriented' approach. I explore four main principles which should be employed by those who are working on finding treatments against agerelated degeneration. First, I discuss the problems encountered in translating laboratory research into effective therapies for humans. Second, I propose that a 'systems-thinking' method needs to be more extensively employed, instead of relying exclusively on the current reductionist one. Third, it is submitted that we must learn from the history of life-extension research, and not blindly follow contemporary paradigms, which may lead us into yet more 'dead ends' with regards to therapies. Finally, I suggest that, we may need to employ certain universal notions and use these in order to gain insights into the mechanics of a possible therapy against age-related degeneration. Examples may be the principle of hormesis, those of degeneracy, exaptation, and others from cybernetic or systems science domains. By using this four-pronged approach we liberate our thinking from the shackles of existing common mistakes and fallacies, and we open the way for a fresh approach that may lead us towards entirely new paradigms for providing clinically effective therapies against agerelated degeneration.
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