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Ismaeel A, Goh J, Mobley CB, Murach KA, Brett JO, de Morrée A, Rando TA, Peterson CA, Wen Y, McCarthy JJ. Division-Independent Differentiation of Muscle Stem Cells During a Growth Stimulus. Stem Cells 2024; 42:266-277. [PMID: 38066665 PMCID: PMC10938546 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Adult muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are known to replicate upon activation before differentiating and fusing to regenerate myofibers. It is unclear whether MuSC differentiation is intrinsically linked to cell division, which has implications for stem cell population maintenance. We use single-cell RNA-sequencing to identify transcriptionally diverse subpopulations of MuSCs after 5 days of a growth stimulus in adult muscle. Trajectory inference in combination with a novel mouse model for tracking MuSC-derived myonuclei and in vivo labeling of DNA replication revealed an MuSC population that exhibited division-independent differentiation and fusion. These findings demonstrate that in response to a growth stimulus in the presence of intact myofibers, MuSC division is not obligatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ismaeel
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jensen Goh
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Kevin A Murach
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department Health, Human Performance, & Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Jamie O Brett
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Antoine de Morrée
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Yuan Wen
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - John J McCarthy
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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2
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Kang J, Benjamin DI, Kim S, Salvi JS, Dhaliwal G, Lam R, Goshayeshi A, Brett JO, Liu L, Rando TA. Depletion of SAM leading to loss of heterochromatin drives muscle stem cell ageing. Nat Metab 2024; 6:153-168. [PMID: 38243132 PMCID: PMC10976122 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00955-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The global loss of heterochromatin during ageing has been observed in eukaryotes from yeast to humans, and this has been proposed as one of the causes of ageing. However, the cause of this age-associated loss of heterochromatin has remained enigmatic. Here we show that heterochromatin markers, including histone H3K9 di/tri-methylation and HP1, decrease with age in muscle stem cells (MuSCs) as a consequence of the depletion of the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). We find that restoration of intracellular SAM in aged MuSCs restores heterochromatin content to youthful levels and rejuvenates age-associated features, including DNA damage accumulation, increased cell death, and defective muscle regeneration. SAM is not only a methyl group donor for transmethylation, but it is also an aminopropyl donor for polyamine synthesis. Excessive consumption of SAM in polyamine synthesis may reduce its availability for transmethylation. Consistent with this premise, we observe that perturbation of increased polyamine synthesis by inhibiting spermidine synthase restores intracellular SAM content and heterochromatin formation, leading to improvements in aged MuSC function and regenerative capacity in male and female mice. Together, our studies demonstrate a direct causal link between polyamine metabolism and epigenetic dysregulation during murine MuSC ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jengmin Kang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel I Benjamin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jayesh S Salvi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gurkamal Dhaliwal
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Richard Lam
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Armon Goshayeshi
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jamie O Brett
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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3
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Florio F, Vencato S, Papa FT, Libergoli M, Kheir E, Ghzaiel I, Rando TA, Torrente Y, Biressi S. Combinatorial activation of the WNT-dependent fibrogenic program by distinct complement subunits in dystrophic muscle. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17405. [PMID: 37927228 PMCID: PMC10701616 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202317405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is associated with compromised muscle functionality in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). We report observations with tissues from dystrophic patients and mice supporting a model to explain fibrosis in DMD, which relies on the crosstalk between the complement and the WNT signaling pathways and the functional interactions of two cellular types. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors and macrophages, which populate the inflamed dystrophic muscles, act as a combinatorial source of WNT activity by secreting distinct subunits of the C1 complement complex. The resulting aberrant activation of the WNT signaling in responsive cells, such as fibro-adipogenic progenitors, contributes to fibrosis. Indeed, pharmacological inhibition of the C1r/s subunits in a murine model of DMD mitigated the activation of the WNT signaling pathway, reduced the fibrogenic characteristics of the fibro-adipogenic progenitors, and ameliorated the dystrophic phenotype. These studies shed new light on the molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for fibrosis in muscular dystrophy and open to new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Florio
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Neurology UnitFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Sara Vencato
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Filomena T Papa
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Michela Libergoli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Eyemen Kheir
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Imen Ghzaiel
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Broad Stem Cell Research CenterUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Yvan Torrente
- Neurology UnitFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and TransplantationUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Stefano Biressi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at University of TrentoTrentoItaly
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4
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Disatnik MH, Boutet SC, Lee CH, Mochly-Rosen D, Rando TA. Expression of Concern: Sequential activation of individual PKC isozymes in integrin-mediated muscle cell spreading: a role for MARCKS in an integrin signaling pathway. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261772. [PMID: 37997930 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
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5
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Disatnik MH, Boutet SC, Pacio W, Chan AY, Ross LB, Lee CH, Rando TA. Expression of Concern: The bi-directional translocation of MARCKS between membrane and cytosol regulates integrin-mediated muscle cell spreading. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261773. [PMID: 37997931 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
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6
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Colville A, Liu JY, Rodriguez-Mateo C, Thomas S, Ishak HD, Zhou R, Klein JDD, Morgens DW, Goshayeshi A, Salvi JS, Yao D, Spees K, Dixon SJ, Liu C, Rhee JW, Lai C, Wu JC, Bassik MC, Rando TA. Death-seq identifies regulators of cell death and senolytic therapies. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1814-1829.e6. [PMID: 37699398 PMCID: PMC10597643 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Selectively ablating damaged cells is an evolving therapeutic approach for age-related disease. Current methods for genome-wide screens to identify genes whose deletion might promote the death of damaged or senescent cells are generally underpowered because of the short timescales of cell death as well as the difficulty of scaling non-dividing cells. Here, we establish "Death-seq," a positive-selection CRISPR screen optimized to identify enhancers and mechanisms of cell death. Our screens identified synergistic enhancers of cell death induced by the known senolytic ABT-263. The screen also identified inducers of cell death and senescent cell clearance in models of age-related diseases by a related compound, ABT-199, which alone is not senolytic but exhibits less toxicity than ABT-263. Death-seq enables the systematic screening of cell death pathways to uncover molecular mechanisms of regulated cell death subroutines and identifies drug targets for the treatment of diverse pathological states such as senescence, cancer, and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Colville
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jie-Yu Liu
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Cristina Rodriguez-Mateo
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Samantha Thomas
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Heather D Ishak
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ronghao Zhou
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Julian D D Klein
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David W Morgens
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Armon Goshayeshi
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jayesh S Salvi
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David Yao
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Spees
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chun Liu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - June-Wha Rhee
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Celine Lai
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael C Bassik
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chemistry, Engineering, and Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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7
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Chen M, Kim S, Li L, Chattopadhyay S, Rando TA, Feldman BJ. Identification of an adipose tissue-resident pro-preadipocyte population. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112440. [PMID: 37119138 PMCID: PMC10370484 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the transitional stages that define the pathway stem cells progress through during differentiation advances our understanding of biology and fosters the identification of therapeutic opportunities. However, distinguishing progenitor cells from other cell types and placing them in an epistatic pathway is challenging. This is exemplified in the adipocyte lineage, where the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) from adipose tissue is enriched for progenitor cells but also contains heterogeneous populations of cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has begun to facilitate the deconvolution of cell types in the SVF, and a hierarchical structure is emerging. Here, we use scRNA-seq to discover a population of CD31- CD45- cells in the SVF that are distinguished by a specific expression profile. Further, we place this population on an epistatic pathway upstream of the previously defined preadipocyte population. Finally, we discover functional properties of this population with broad implications, including revealing physiological mechanisms that regulate adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sourav Chattopadhyay
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brian J Feldman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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Liu L, Kim S, Buckley MT, Reyes JM, Kang J, Tian L, Wang M, Lieu A, Mao M, Rodriguez-Mateo C, Ishak HD, Jeong M, Wu JC, Goodell MA, Brunet A, Rando TA. Exercise reprograms the inflammatory landscape of multiple stem cell compartments during mammalian aging. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:689-705.e4. [PMID: 37080206 PMCID: PMC10216894 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Exercise has the ability to rejuvenate stem cells and improve tissue regeneration in aging animals. However, the cellular and molecular changes elicited by exercise have not been systematically studied across a broad range of cell types in stem cell compartments. We subjected young and old mice to aerobic exercise and generated a single-cell transcriptomic atlas of muscle, neural, and hematopoietic stem cells with their niche cells and progeny, complemented by whole transcriptome analysis of single myofibers. We found that exercise ameliorated the upregulation of a number of inflammatory pathways associated with old age and restored aspects of intercellular communication mediated by immune cells within these stem cell compartments. Exercise has a profound impact on the composition and transcriptomic landscape of circulating and tissue-resident immune cells. Our study provides a comprehensive view of the coordinated responses of multiple aged stem cells and niche cells to exercise at the transcriptomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Jaime M Reyes
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jengmin Kang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lei Tian
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mingqiang Wang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Lieu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Mao
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Cristina Rodriguez-Mateo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Heather D Ishak
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mira Jeong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Greenstone Biosciences, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Margaret A Goodell
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anne Brunet
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Abstract
Adult stem cells are important for mammalian tissues, where they act as a cell reserve that supports normal tissue turnover and can mount a regenerative response following acute injuries. Quiescent stem cells are well established in certain tissues, such as skeletal muscle, brain, and bone marrow. The quiescent state is actively controlled and is essential for long-term maintenance of stem cell pools. In this Review, we discuss the importance of maintaining a functional pool of quiescent adult stem cells, including haematopoietic stem cells, skeletal muscle stem cells, neural stem cells, hair follicle stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells such as fibro-adipogenic progenitors, to ensure tissue maintenance and repair. We discuss the molecular mechanisms that regulate the entry into, maintenance of, and exit from the quiescent state in mice. Recent studies revealed that quiescent stem cells have a discordance between RNA and protein levels, indicating the importance of post-transcriptional mechanisms, such as alternative polyadenylation, alternative splicing, and translation repression, in the control of stem cell quiescence. Understanding how these mechanisms guide stem cell function during homeostasis and regeneration has important implications for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine de Morree
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Boutet SC, Disatnik MH, Chan LS, Iori K, Rando TA. Regulation of Pax3 by Proteasomal Degradation of Monoubiquitinated Protein in Skeletal Muscle Progenitors. Cell 2023; 186:2035. [PMID: 37116471 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
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Kajabadi N, Low M, Jacques E, Lad H, Tung LW, Babaeijandaghi F, Gamu D, Zelada D, Wong CK, Chang C, Yi L, Wosczyna MN, Rando TA, Henríquez JP, Gibson WT, Gilbert PM, Rossi FMV. Activation of β-catenin in mesenchymal progenitors leads to muscle mass loss. Dev Cell 2023; 58:489-505.e7. [PMID: 36898377 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Loss of muscle mass is a common manifestation of chronic disease. We find the canonical Wnt pathway to be activated in mesenchymal progenitors (MPs) from cancer-induced cachectic mouse muscle. Next, we induce β-catenin transcriptional activity in murine MPs. As a result, we observe expansion of MPs in the absence of tissue damage, as well as rapid loss of muscle mass. Because MPs are present throughout the organism, we use spatially restricted CRE activation and show that the induction of tissue-resident MP activation is sufficient to induce muscle atrophy. We further identify increased expression of stromal NOGGIN and ACTIVIN-A as key drivers of atrophic processes in myofibers, and we verify their expression by MPs in cachectic muscle. Finally, we show that blocking ACTIVIN-A rescues the mass loss phenotype triggered by β-catenin activation in MPs, confirming its key functional role and strengthening the rationale for targeting this pathway in chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Kajabadi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Marcela Low
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Carrera de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, General Lagos 1163, 5090000 Valdivia, Chile
| | - Erik Jacques
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada; Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Heta Lad
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada; Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Lin Wei Tung
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Farshad Babaeijandaghi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Daniel Gamu
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 938 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, C201, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Diego Zelada
- Neuromuscular Studies Laboratory (NeSt Lab), GDeP, Department of Cell Biology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Chi Kin Wong
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 938 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, C201, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Chihkai Chang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lin Yi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Michael N Wosczyna
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Musculoskeletal Research Center, Bioengineering Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Henríquez
- Neuromuscular Studies Laboratory (NeSt Lab), GDeP, Department of Cell Biology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - William T Gibson
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 938 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, C201, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Penney M Gilbert
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada; Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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12
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Benjamin DI, Brett JO, Both P, Benjamin JS, Ishak HL, Kang J, Kim S, Chung M, Arjona M, Nutter CW, Tan JH, Krishnan AK, Dulay H, Louie SM, de Morree A, Nomura DK, Rando TA. Multiomics reveals glutathione metabolism as a driver of bimodality during stem cell aging. Cell Metab 2023; 35:472-486.e6. [PMID: 36854304 PMCID: PMC10015599 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
With age, skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs) activate out of quiescence more slowly and with increased death, leading to defective muscle repair. To explore the molecular underpinnings of these defects, we combined multiomics, single-cell measurements, and functional testing of MuSCs from young and old mice. The multiomics approach allowed us to assess which changes are causal, which are compensatory, and which are simply correlative. We identified glutathione (GSH) metabolism as perturbed in old MuSCs, with both causal and compensatory components. Contrary to young MuSCs, old MuSCs exhibit a population dichotomy composed of GSHhigh cells (comparable with young MuSCs) and GSHlow cells with impaired functionality. Mechanistically, we show that antagonism between NRF2 and NF-κB maintains this bimodality. Experimental manipulation of GSH levels altered the functional dichotomy of aged MuSCs. These findings identify a novel mechanism of stem cell aging and highlight glutathione metabolism as an accessible target for reversing MuSC aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I Benjamin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jamie O Brett
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pieter Both
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joel S Benjamin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Heather L Ishak
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jengmin Kang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mingyu Chung
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marina Arjona
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christopher W Nutter
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jenna H Tan
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ananya K Krishnan
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hunter Dulay
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sharon M Louie
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Antoine de Morree
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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13
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Hettinger ZR, Hu S, Mamiya H, Sahu A, Iijima H, Wang K, Gilmer G, Miller A, Nasello G, Dâ Amore A, Vorp DA, Rando TA, Xing J, Ambrosio F. Dynamical modeling reveals RNA decay mediates the effect of matrix stiffness on aged muscle stem cell fate. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.24.529950. [PMID: 36865124 PMCID: PMC9980169 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.24.529950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Loss of muscle stem cell (MuSC) self-renewal with aging reflects a combination of influences from the intracellular (e.g., post-transcriptional modifications) and extracellular (e.g., matrix stiffness) environment. Whereas conventional single cell analyses have revealed valuable insights into factors contributing to impaired self-renewal with age, most are limited by static measurements that fail to capture nonlinear dynamics. Using bioengineered matrices mimicking the stiffness of young and old muscle, we showed that while young MuSCs were unaffected by aged matrices, old MuSCs were phenotypically rejuvenated by young matrices. Dynamical modeling of RNA velocity vector fields in silico revealed that soft matrices promoted a self-renewing state in old MuSCs by attenuating RNA decay. Vector field perturbations demonstrated that the effects of matrix stiffness on MuSC self-renewal could be circumvented by fine-tuning the expression of the RNA decay machinery. These results demonstrate that post-transcriptional dynamics dictate the negative effect of aged matrices on MuSC self-renewal.
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14
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Abstract
Most adult organs contain regenerative stem cells, often organized in specific niches. Stem cell function is critical for tissue homeostasis and repair upon injury, and it is dependent on interactions with the niche. During ageing, stem cells decline in their regenerative potential and ability to give rise to differentiated cells in the tissue, which is associated with a deterioration of tissue integrity and health. Ageing-associated changes in regenerative tissue regions include defects in maintenance of stem cell quiescence, differentiation ability and bias, clonal expansion and infiltration of immune cells in the niche. In this Review, we discuss cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying ageing in the regenerative regions of different tissues as well as potential rejuvenation strategies. We focus primarily on brain, muscle and blood tissues, but also provide examples from other tissues, such as skin and intestine. We describe the complex interactions between different cell types, non-cell-autonomous mechanisms between ageing niches and stem cells, and the influence of systemic factors. We also compare different interventions for the rejuvenation of old regenerative regions. Future outlooks in the field of stem cell ageing are discussed, including strategies to counter ageing and age-dependent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Brunet
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Ageing, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Margaret A Goodell
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Department, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Ageing, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Neurology Service, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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15
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Buckley MT, Sun ED, George BM, Liu L, Schaum N, Xu L, Reyes JM, Goodell MA, Weissman IL, Wyss-Coray T, Rando TA, Brunet A. Cell-type-specific aging clocks to quantify aging and rejuvenation in neurogenic regions of the brain. Nat Aging 2023; 3:121-137. [PMID: 37118510 PMCID: PMC10154228 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00335-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The diversity of cell types is a challenge for quantifying aging and its reversal. Here we develop 'aging clocks' based on single-cell transcriptomics to characterize cell-type-specific aging and rejuvenation. We generated single-cell transcriptomes from the subventricular zone neurogenic region of 28 mice, tiling ages from young to old. We trained single-cell-based regression models to predict chronological age and biological age (neural stem cell proliferation capacity). These aging clocks are generalizable to independent cohorts of mice, other regions of the brains, and other species. To determine if these aging clocks could quantify transcriptomic rejuvenation, we generated single-cell transcriptomic datasets of neurogenic regions for two interventions-heterochronic parabiosis and exercise. Aging clocks revealed that heterochronic parabiosis and exercise reverse transcriptomic aging in neurogenic regions, but in different ways. This study represents the first development of high-resolution aging clocks from single-cell transcriptomic data and demonstrates their application to quantify transcriptomic rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Buckley
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Genetics Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eric D Sun
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Biomedical Informatics Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benson M George
- Stanford Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Schaum
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lucy Xu
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jaime M Reyes
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Margaret A Goodell
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anne Brunet
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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16
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Shen WJ, Still C, Han L, Yang P, Chen J, Wosczyna M, Rando TA, Salmon BJR, Perez KC, Li J, Cuevas PL, Liu B, Azhar S, Helms J, Qi LS, Kraemer FB. Corrigendum to “Hormone sensitive lipase ablation promotes bone regeneration” [Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis. Volume 1868, Issue 9, 1 September 2022, 166449]. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Dykstra PB, Rando TA, Smolke CD. Modulating myoblast differentiation with RNA-based controllers. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275298. [PMID: 36166456 PMCID: PMC9514614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tunable genetic controllers play a critical role in the engineering of biological systems that respond to environmental and cellular signals. RNA devices, a class of engineered RNA-based controllers, enable tunable gene expression control of target genes in response to molecular effectors. RNA devices have been demonstrated in a number of systems showing proof-of-concept of applying ligand-responsive control over therapeutic activities, including regulation of cell fate decisions such as T cell proliferation and apoptosis. Here, we describe the application of a theophylline-responsive RNA device in a muscle progenitor cell system to control myogenic differentiation. Ribozyme-based RNA switches responsive to theophylline control fluorescent reporter expression in C2C12 myoblasts in a ligand dependent manner. HRAS and JAK1, both anti-differentiation proteins, were incorporated into RNA devices. Finally, we demonstrate that the regulation of HRAS expression via theophylline-responsive RNA devices results in the modulation of myoblast differentiation in a theophylline-dependent manner. Our work highlights the potential for RNA devices to exert drug-responsive, tunable control over cell fate decisions with applications in stem cell therapy and basic stem cell biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B. Dykstra
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Christina D. Smolke
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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18
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Tam PKH, Wong KKY, Atala A, Giobbe GG, Booth C, Gruber PJ, Monone M, Rafii S, Rando TA, Vacanti J, Comer CD, Elvassore N, Grikscheit T, de Coppi P. Regenerative medicine: postnatal approaches. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2022; 6:654-666. [PMID: 35963270 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(22)00193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Paper 2 of the paediatric regenerative medicine Series focuses on recent advances in postnatal approaches. New gene, cell, and niche-based technologies and their combinations allow structural and functional reconstitution and simulation of complex postnatal cell, tissue, and organ hierarchies. Organoid and tissue engineering advances provide human disease models and novel treatments for both rare paediatric diseases and common diseases affecting all ages, such as COVID-19. Preclinical studies for gastrointestinal disorders are directed towards oesophageal replacement, short bowel syndrome, enteric neuropathy, biliary atresia, and chronic end-stage liver failure. For respiratory diseases, beside the first human tracheal replacement, more complex tissue engineering represents a promising solution to generate transplantable lungs. Genitourinary tissue replacement and expansion usually involve application of biocompatible scaffolds seeded with patient-derived cells. Gene and cell therapy approaches seem appropriate for rare paediatric diseases of the musculoskeletal system such as spinal muscular dystrophy, whereas congenital diseases of complex organs, such as the heart, continue to challenge new frontiers of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kwong Hang Tam
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau Special Administrative Region, China; Division of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - Kenneth Kak Yuen Wong
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Giovanni Giuseppe Giobbe
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Claire Booth
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Peter J Gruber
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mimmi Monone
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Paul F Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Vacanti
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Organ Fabrication, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Mass General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carly D Comer
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Organ Fabrication, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Mass General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tracy Grikscheit
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paolo de Coppi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; Department of Specialist Neonatal and Paediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
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19
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Wheeler JR, Whitney ON, Vogler TO, Nguyen ED, Pawlikowski B, Lester E, Cutler A, Elston T, Dalla Betta N, Parker KR, Yost KE, Vogel H, Rando TA, Chang HY, Johnson AM, Parker R, Olwin BB. RNA-binding proteins direct myogenic cell fate decisions. eLife 2022; 11:e75844. [PMID: 35695839 PMCID: PMC9191894 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), essential for skeletal muscle regeneration, cause muscle degeneration and neuromuscular disease when mutated. Why mutations in these ubiquitously expressed RBPs orchestrate complex tissue regeneration and direct cell fate decisions in skeletal muscle remains poorly understood. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of regenerating Mus musculus skeletal muscle reveals that RBP expression, including the expression of many neuromuscular disease-associated RBPs, is temporally regulated in skeletal muscle stem cells and correlates with specific stages of myogenic differentiation. By combining machine learning with RBP engagement scoring, we discovered that the neuromuscular disease-associated RBP Hnrnpa2b1 is a differentiation-specifying regulator of myogenesis that controls myogenic cell fate transitions during terminal differentiation in mice. The timing of RBP expression specifies cell fate transitions by providing post-transcriptional regulation of messenger RNAs that coordinate stem cell fate decisions during tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Wheeler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
- Department of Pathology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Department of Neuropathology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Oscar N Whitney
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Thomas O Vogler
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
- Department of Surgery, University of ColoradoAuroraUnited States
| | - Eric D Nguyen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
- Molecular Biology Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Bradley Pawlikowski
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - Evan Lester
- Department of Biochemistry, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Alicia Cutler
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - Tiffany Elston
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - Nicole Dalla Betta
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - Kevin R Parker
- Center for Personal and Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford UniversityPalo AltoUnited States
| | - Kathryn E Yost
- Center for Personal and Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford UniversityPalo AltoUnited States
| | - Hannes Vogel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
- Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoUnited States
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Center for Personal and Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford UniversityPalo AltoUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Aaron M Johnson
- Molecular Biology Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Roy Parker
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
| | - Bradley B Olwin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States
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20
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Benjamin DI, Both P, Benjamin JS, Nutter CW, Tan JH, Kang J, Machado LA, Klein JDD, de Morree A, Kim S, Liu L, Dulay H, Feraboli L, Louie SM, Nomura DK, Rando TA. Fasting induces a highly resilient deep quiescent state in muscle stem cells via ketone body signaling. Cell Metab 2022; 34:902-918.e6. [PMID: 35584694 PMCID: PMC9177797 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Short-term fasting is beneficial for the regeneration of multiple tissue types. However, the effects of fasting on muscle regeneration are largely unknown. Here, we report that fasting slows muscle repair both immediately after the conclusion of fasting as well as after multiple days of refeeding. We show that ketosis, either endogenously produced during fasting or a ketogenic diet or exogenously administered, promotes a deep quiescent state in muscle stem cells (MuSCs). Although deep quiescent MuSCs are less poised to activate, slowing muscle regeneration, they have markedly improved survival when facing sources of cellular stress. Furthermore, we show that ketone bodies, specifically β-hydroxybutyrate, directly promote MuSC deep quiescence via a nonmetabolic mechanism. We show that β-hydroxybutyrate functions as an HDAC inhibitor within MuSCs, leading to acetylation and activation of an HDAC1 target protein p53. Finally, we demonstrate that p53 activation contributes to the deep quiescence and enhanced resilience observed during fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I Benjamin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Pieter Both
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joel S Benjamin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Christopher W Nutter
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jenna H Tan
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jengmin Kang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Leo A Machado
- Biology of the Neuromuscular System, INSERM IMRB U955-E10, UPEC, ENVA, EFS, Creteil 94000, France
| | - Julian D D Klein
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Antoine de Morree
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hunter Dulay
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ludovica Feraboli
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sharon M Louie
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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21
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Jones RC, Karkanias J, Krasnow MA, Pisco AO, Quake SR, Salzman J, Yosef N, Bulthaup B, Brown P, Harper W, Hemenez M, Ponnusamy R, Salehi A, Sanagavarapu BA, Spallino E, Aaron KA, Concepcion W, Gardner JM, Kelly B, Neidlinger N, Wang Z, Crasta S, Kolluru S, Morri M, Pisco AO, Tan SY, Travaglini KJ, Xu C, Alcántara-Hernández M, Almanzar N, Antony J, Beyersdorf B, Burhan D, Calcuttawala K, Carter MM, Chan CKF, Chang CA, Chang S, Colville A, Crasta S, Culver RN, Cvijović I, D'Amato G, Ezran C, Galdos FX, Gillich A, Goodyer WR, Hang Y, Hayashi A, Houshdaran S, Huang X, Irwin JC, Jang S, Juanico JV, Kershner AM, Kim S, Kiss B, Kolluru S, Kong W, Kumar ME, Kuo AH, Leylek R, Li B, Loeb GB, Lu WJ, Mantri S, Markovic M, McAlpine PL, de Morree A, Morri M, Mrouj K, Mukherjee S, Muser T, Neuhöfer P, Nguyen TD, Perez K, Phansalkar R, Pisco AO, Puluca N, Qi Z, Rao P, Raquer-McKay H, Schaum N, Scott B, Seddighzadeh B, Segal J, Sen S, Sikandar S, Spencer SP, Steffes LC, Subramaniam VR, Swarup A, Swift M, Travaglini KJ, Van Treuren W, Trimm E, Veizades S, Vijayakumar S, Vo KC, Vorperian SK, Wang W, Weinstein HNW, Winkler J, Wu TTH, Xie J, Yung AR, Zhang Y, Detweiler AM, Mekonen H, Neff NF, Sit RV, Tan M, Yan J, Bean GR, Charu V, Forgó E, Martin BA, Ozawa MG, Silva O, Tan SY, Toland A, Vemuri VNP, Afik S, Awayan K, Botvinnik OB, Byrne A, Chen M, Dehghannasiri R, Detweiler AM, Gayoso A, Granados AA, Li Q, Mahmoudabadi G, McGeever A, de Morree A, Olivieri JE, Park M, Pisco AO, Ravikumar N, Salzman J, Stanley G, Swift M, Tan M, Tan W, Tarashansky AJ, Vanheusden R, Vorperian SK, Wang P, Wang S, Xing G, Xu C, Yosef N, Alcántara-Hernández M, Antony J, Chan CKF, Chang CA, Colville A, Crasta S, Culver R, Dethlefsen L, Ezran C, Gillich A, Hang Y, Ho PY, Irwin JC, Jang S, Kershner AM, Kong W, Kumar ME, Kuo AH, Leylek R, Liu S, Loeb GB, Lu WJ, Maltzman JS, Metzger RJ, de Morree A, Neuhöfer P, Perez K, Phansalkar R, Qi Z, Rao P, Raquer-McKay H, Sasagawa K, Scott B, Sinha R, Song H, Spencer SP, Swarup A, Swift M, Travaglini KJ, Trimm E, Veizades S, Vijayakumar S, Wang B, Wang W, Winkler J, Xie J, Yung AR, Artandi SE, Beachy PA, Clarke MF, Giudice LC, Huang FW, Huang KC, Idoyaga J, Kim SK, Krasnow M, Kuo CS, Nguyen P, Quake SR, Rando TA, Red-Horse K, Reiter J, Relman DA, Sonnenburg JL, Wang B, Wu A, Wu SM, Wyss-Coray T. The Tabula Sapiens: A multiple-organ, single-cell transcriptomic atlas of humans. Science 2022; 376:eabl4896. [PMID: 35549404 PMCID: PMC9812260 DOI: 10.1126/science.abl4896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 112.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Molecular characterization of cell types using single-cell transcriptome sequencing is revolutionizing cell biology and enabling new insights into the physiology of human organs. We created a human reference atlas comprising nearly 500,000 cells from 24 different tissues and organs, many from the same donor. This atlas enabled molecular characterization of more than 400 cell types, their distribution across tissues, and tissue-specific variation in gene expression. Using multiple tissues from a single donor enabled identification of the clonal distribution of T cells between tissues, identification of the tissue-specific mutation rate in B cells, and analysis of the cell cycle state and proliferative potential of shared cell types across tissues. Cell type-specific RNA splicing was discovered and analyzed across tissues within an individual.
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22
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Salvi JS, Kang J, Kim S, Colville AJ, de Morrée A, Billeskov TB, Larsen MC, Kanugovi A, van Velthoven CTJ, Cimprich KA, Rando TA. ATR activity controls stem cell quiescence via the cyclin F-SCF complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2115638119. [PMID: 35476521 PMCID: PMC9170012 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2115638119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A key property of adult stem cells is their ability to persist in a quiescent state for prolonged periods of time. The quiescent state is thought to contribute to stem cell resilience by limiting accumulation of DNA replication–associated mutations. Moreover, cellular stress response factors are thought to play a role in maintaining quiescence and stem cell integrity. We utilized muscle stem cells (MuSCs) as a model of quiescent stem cells and find that the replication stress response protein, ATR (Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad3-Related), is abundant and active in quiescent but not activated MuSCs. Concurrently, MuSCs display punctate RPA (replication protein A) and R-loop foci, both key triggers for ATR activation. To discern the role of ATR in MuSCs, we generated MuSC-specific ATR conditional knockout (ATRcKO) mice. Surprisingly, ATR ablation results in increased MuSC quiescence exit. Phosphoproteomic analysis of ATRcKO MuSCs reveals enrichment of phosphorylated cyclin F, a key component of the Skp1–Cul1–F-box protein (SCF) ubiquitin ligase complex and regulator of key cell-cycle transition factors, such as the E2F family of transcription factors. Knocking down cyclin F or inhibiting the SCF complex results in E2F1 accumulation and in MuSCs exiting quiescence, similar to ATR-deficient MuSCs. The loss of ATR could be counteracted by inhibiting casein kinase 2 (CK2), the kinase responsible for phosphorylating cyclin F. We propose a model in which MuSCs express cell-cycle progression factors but ATR, in coordination with the cyclin F–SCF complex, represses premature stem cell quiescence exit via ubiquitin–proteasome degradation of these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh S. Salvi
- aPaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- bDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jengmin Kang
- aPaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- bDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Soochi Kim
- aPaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- bDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Alex J. Colville
- aPaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- bDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Antoine de Morrée
- aPaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- bDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Tine Borum Billeskov
- aPaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- bDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Mikkel Christian Larsen
- aPaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- bDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Abhijnya Kanugovi
- aPaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- bDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Cindy T. J. van Velthoven
- aPaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- bDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Karlene A. Cimprich
- cDepartment of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305–5441
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- aPaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- bDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- dNeurology Service, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- 6To whom correspondence may be addressed.
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23
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Koike TE, Fuziwara CS, Brum PC, Kimura ET, Rando TA, Miyabara EH. Correction to: Muscle Stem Cell Function Is Impaired in β2-Adrenoceptor Knockout Mice. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2547. [PMID: 35426051 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana E Koike
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 2415. CEP, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Cesar S Fuziwara
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia C Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edna T Kimura
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elen H Miyabara
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 2415. CEP, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
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24
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Koike TE, Fuziwara CS, Brum PC, Kimura ET, Rando TA, Miyabara EH. Muscle Stem Cell Function Is Impaired in β2-Adrenoceptor Knockout Mice. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2431-2443. [PMID: 35244862 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Knockout (ko) mice for the β2 adrenoceptor (Adrβ2) have impaired skeletal muscle regeneration, suggesting that this receptor is important for muscle stem cell (satellite cell) function. Here, we investigated the role of Adrβ2 in the function of satellite cells from β2ko mice in the context of muscle regeneration, through in vivo and in vitro experiments. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a significant reduction in the number of self-renewed Pax7+ satellite cells, proliferating Pax7+/MyoD+ myogenic precursor cells, and regenerating eMHC+ myofibers in regenerating muscle of β2ko mice at 30, 3, and 10 days post-injury, respectively. Quiescent satellite cells were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and cell cycle entry was assessed by EdU incorporation. The results demonstrated a lower number of proliferating Pax7+/EdU+ satellite cells from β2ko mice. There was an increase in the gene expression of the cell cycle inhibitor Cdkn1a and Notch pathway components and the activation of Notch signaling in proliferating myoblasts from β2ko mice. There was a decrease in the number of myogenin-positive nuclei in myofibers maintained in differentiation media, and a lower fusion index in differentiating myoblasts from β2ko mice. Furthermore, the gene expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling components, the expression of nuclear β-catenin and the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling decreased in differentiating myoblasts from β2ko mice. These results indicate that Adrβ2 plays a crucial role in satellite cell self-renewal, as well as in myoblast proliferation and differentiation by regulating Notch and Wnt/β-catenin signaling, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana E Koike
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 2415. CEP, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Cesar S Fuziwara
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia C Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edna T Kimura
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elen H Miyabara
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 2415. CEP, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
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25
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Meron E, Thaysen M, Angeli S, Antebi A, Barzilai N, Baur JA, Bekker-Jensen S, Birkisdottir M, Bischof E, Bruening J, Brunet A, Buchwalter A, Cabreiro F, Cai S, Chen BH, Ermolaeva M, Ewald CY, Ferrucci L, Florian MC, Fortney K, Freund A, Georgievskaya A, Gladyshev VN, Glass D, Golato T, Gorbunova V, Hoejimakers J, Houtkooper RH, Jager S, Jaksch F, Janssens G, Jensen MB, Kaeberlein M, Karsenty G, de Keizer P, Kennedy B, Kirkland JL, Kjaer M, Kroemer G, Lee KF, Lemaitre JM, Liaskos D, Longo VD, Lu YX, MacArthur MR, Maier AB, Manakanatas C, Mitchell SJ, Moskalev A, Niedernhofer L, Ozerov I, Partridge L, Passegué E, Petr MA, Peyer J, Radenkovic D, Rando TA, Rattan S, Riedel CG, Rudolph L, Ai R, Serrano M, Schumacher B, Sinclair DA, Smith R, Suh Y, Taub P, Trapp A, Trendelenburg AU, Valenzano DR, Verburgh K, Verdin E, Vijg J, Westendorp RGJ, Zonari A, Bakula D, Zhavoronkov A, Scheibye-Knudsen M. Meeting Report: Aging Research and Drug Discovery. Aging (Albany NY) 2022. [PMID: 35089871 PMCID: PMC8833115 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging is the single largest risk factor for most chronic diseases, and thus possesses large socioeconomic interest to continuously aging societies. Consequently, the field of aging research is expanding alongside a growing focus from the industry and investors in aging research. This year’s 8th Annual Aging Research and Drug Discovery (ARDD) meeting was organized as a hybrid meeting from August 30th to September 3rd 2021 with more than 130 attendees participating on-site at the Ceremonial Hall at University of Copenhagen, Denmark, and 1800 engaging online. The conference comprised of presentations from 75 speakers focusing on new research in topics including mechanisms of aging and how these can be modulated as well as the use of AI and new standards of practices within aging research. This year, a longevity workshop was included to build stronger connections with the clinical community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Meron
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Thaysen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Suzanne Angeli
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Adam Antebi
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.,Institute for Aging Research, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Joseph A Baur
- Smilow Center for Translational Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Simon Bekker-Jensen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Birkisdottir
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Evelyne Bischof
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, College of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jens Bruening
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anne Brunet
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Abigail Buchwalter
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Filipe Cabreiro
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK.,CECAD Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Shiqing Cai
- Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Brian H Chen
- FOXO Technologies Inc, Minneapolis, MN 55402, USA.,The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Collin Y Ewald
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach CH-8603, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | | | | | - Adam Freund
- Arda Therapeutics, San Carlos, CA 94070, USA
| | | | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David Glass
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | - Vera Gorbunova
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Jan Hoejimakers
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sibylle Jager
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | | | - Georges Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Matt Kaeberlein
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Gerard Karsenty
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Peter de Keizer
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Division of Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Brian Kennedy
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA.,Departments of Biochemistry and Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore.,Center for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - James L Kirkland
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Paris, France
| | - Kai-Fu Lee
- Sinovation Ventures and Sinovation AI Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jean-Marc Lemaitre
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapies, INSERM UMR 1183, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Valter D Longo
- USC Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yu-Xuan Lu
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael R MacArthur
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Center for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, Singapore.,Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Sarah J Mitchell
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Institute of Biology of FRC Komi Science Center of Ural Division of RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia.,Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Laura Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Ivan Ozerov
- Insilico Medicine, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong
| | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Michael A Petr
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Tracked.bio, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Dina Radenkovic
- Hooke London by Health and Longevity Optimisation, London, UK
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences and Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Suresh Rattan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian G Riedel
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ruixue Ai
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology
- UiO, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Norway
| | - Manuel Serrano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Björn Schumacher
- CECAD Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David A Sinclair
- Blavatnik Institute, Department of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 94107, USA
| | | | - Yousin Suh
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Pam Taub
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alexandre Trapp
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Dario Riccardo Valenzano
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Eric Verdin
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Jan Vijg
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | | | | | - Daniela Bakula
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong
| | - Morten Scheibye-Knudsen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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26
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Hu C, Ayan B, Chiang G, Chan AHP, Rando TA, Huang NF. Comparative Effects of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Delivery or Voluntary Exercise on Muscle Regeneration after Volumetric Muscle Loss. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:37. [PMID: 35049746 PMCID: PMC8773127 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is associated with irreversibly impaired muscle function due to traumatic injury. Experimental approaches to treat VML include the delivery of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) or rehabilitative exercise. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of spatially nanopatterned collagen scaffold implants with either bFGF delivery or in conjunction with voluntary exercise. Aligned nanofibrillar collagen scaffold bundles were adsorbed with bFGF, and the bioactivity of bFGF-laden scaffolds was examined by skeletal myoblast or endothelial cell proliferation. The therapeutic efficacy of scaffold implants with either bFGF release or exercise was examined in a murine VML model. Our results show an initial burst release of bFGF from the scaffolds, followed by a slower release over 21 days. The released bFGF induced myoblast and endothelial cell proliferation in vitro. After 3 weeks of implantation in a mouse VML model, twitch force generation was significantly higher in mice treated with bFGF-laden scaffolds compared to bFGF-laden scaffolds with exercise. However, myofiber density was not significantly improved with bFGF scaffolds or voluntary exercise. In contrast, the scaffold implant with exercise induced more re-innervation than all other groups. These results highlight the differential effects of bFGF and exercise on muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Hu
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (C.H.); (G.C.); (A.H.P.C.); (T.A.R.)
| | - Bugra Ayan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gladys Chiang
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (C.H.); (G.C.); (A.H.P.C.); (T.A.R.)
| | - Alex H. P. Chan
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (C.H.); (G.C.); (A.H.P.C.); (T.A.R.)
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (C.H.); (G.C.); (A.H.P.C.); (T.A.R.)
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ngan F. Huang
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (C.H.); (G.C.); (A.H.P.C.); (T.A.R.)
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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27
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Miguel ZD, Khoury N, Betley MJ, Lehallier B, Willoughby D, Olsson N, Yang AC, Hahn O, Lu N, Vest RT, Bonanno LN, Yerra L, Zhang L, Saw NL, Fairchild JK, Lee D, Zhang H, McAlpine PL, Contrepois K, Shamloo M, Elias JE, Rando TA, Wyss-Coray T. Exercise plasma boosts memory and dampens brain inflammation via clusterin. Nature 2021; 600:494-499. [PMID: 34880498 PMCID: PMC9721468 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04183-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise is generally beneficial to all aspects of human and animal health, slowing cognitive ageing and neurodegeneration1. The cognitive benefits of physical exercise are tied to an increased plasticity and reduced inflammation within the hippocampus2-4, yet little is known about the factors and mechanisms that mediate these effects. Here we show that 'runner plasma', collected from voluntarily running mice and infused into sedentary mice, reduces baseline neuroinflammatory gene expression and experimentally induced brain inflammation. Plasma proteomic analysis revealed a concerted increase in complement cascade inhibitors including clusterin (CLU). Intravenously injected CLU binds to brain endothelial cells and reduces neuroinflammatory gene expression in a mouse model of acute brain inflammation and a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Patients with cognitive impairment who participated in structured exercise for 6 months had higher plasma levels of CLU. These findings demonstrate the existence of anti-inflammatory exercise factors that are transferrable, target the cerebrovasculature and benefit the brain, and are present in humans who engage in exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zurine De Miguel
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Present address: Psychology Department, California State University, Monterey Bay, CA, USA
| | - Nathalie Khoury
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Nathalie Khoury, Michael J. Betley
| | - Michael J. Betley
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Neurosciences Graduate Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Nathalie Khoury, Michael J. Betley
| | - Benoit Lehallier
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Present address: Alkahest Inc, San Carlos, CA, USA
| | - Drew Willoughby
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Niclas Olsson
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Present address: Calico Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew C. Yang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nannan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ryan T. Vest
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Liana N. Bonanno
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lakshmi Yerra
- The Veterans Affairs Palo Alto HealthCare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Nay Lui Saw
- Behavioral and Functional Neuroscience Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J. Kaci Fairchild
- The Veterans Affairs Palo Alto HealthCare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Davis Lee
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patrick L. McAlpine
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Research Division, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Mehrdad Shamloo
- Behavioral and Functional Neuroscience Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joshua E. Elias
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,The Veterans Affairs Palo Alto HealthCare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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28
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Eugenis I, Wu D, Rando TA. Cells, scaffolds, and bioactive factors: Engineering strategies for improving regeneration following volumetric muscle loss. Biomaterials 2021; 278:121173. [PMID: 34619561 PMCID: PMC8556323 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Severe traumatic skeletal muscle injuries, such as volumetric muscle loss (VML), result in the obliteration of large amounts of skeletal muscle and lead to permanent functional impairment. Current clinical treatments are limited in their capacity to regenerate damaged muscle and restore tissue function, promoting the need for novel muscle regeneration strategies. Advances in tissue engineering, including cell therapy, scaffold design, and bioactive factor delivery, are promising solutions for VML therapy. Herein, we review tissue engineering strategies for regeneration of skeletal muscle, development of vasculature and nerve within the damaged muscle, and achievements in immunomodulation following VML. In addition, we discuss the limitations of current state of the art technologies and perspectives of tissue-engineered bioconstructs for muscle regeneration and functional recovery following VML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Eugenis
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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29
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Abstract
While some animals, such as planaria and hydra, appear to be capable of seemingly endless cycles of regeneration, most animals experience a gradual decline in fitness and ultimately die. The progressive loss of cell and tissue function, leading to senescence and death, is generally referred to as aging. Adult ("tissue") stem cells maintain tissue homeostasis and facilitate repair; however, age-related changes in stem cell function over time are major contributors to loss of organ function or disease in older individuals. Therefore, considerable effort is being invested in restoring stem cell function to counter degenerative diseases and age-related tissue dysfunction. Here, we will review strategies that could be used to restore stem cell function, including the use of environmental interventions, such as diet and exercise, heterochronic approaches, and cellular reprogramming. Maintaining optimal stem cell function and tissue homeostasis into late life will likely extend the amount of time older adults are able to be independent and lead healthy lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences
- Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
| | - D Leanne Jones
- Departments of Anatomy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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30
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Song S, McConnell KW, Amores D, Levinson A, Vogel H, Quarta M, Rando TA, George PM. Electrical stimulation of human neural stem cells via conductive polymer nerve guides enhances peripheral nerve recovery. Biomaterials 2021; 275:120982. [PMID: 34214785 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Severe peripheral nerve injuries often result in permanent loss of function of the affected limb. Current treatments are limited by their efficacy in supporting nerve regeneration and behavioral recovery. Here we demonstrate that electrical stimulation through conductive nerve guides (CNGs) enhances the efficacy of human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) in treating a sciatic nerve transection in rats. Electrical stimulation strengthened the therapeutic potential of NPCs by upregulating gene expression of neurotrophic factors which are critical in augmenting synaptic remodeling, nerve regeneration, and myelination. Electrically-stimulated hNPC-containing CNGs are significantly more effective in improving sensory and motor functions starting at 1-2 weeks after treatment than either treatment alone. Electrophysiology and muscle assessment demonstrated successful re-innervation of the affected target muscles in this group. Furthermore, histological analysis highlighted an increased number of regenerated nerve fibers with thicker myelination in electrically-stimulated hNPC-containing CNGs. The elevated expression of tyrosine kinase receptors (Trk) receptors, known to bind to neurotrophic factors, indicated the long-lasting effect from electrical stimulation on nerve regeneration and distal nerve re-innervation. These data suggest that electrically-enhanced stem cell-based therapy provides a regenerative rehabilitative approach to promote peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Song
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kelly W McConnell
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Danielle Amores
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexa Levinson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hannes Vogel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marco Quarta
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Restoration and Repair, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Restoration and Repair, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Paul M George
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Stroke Center and Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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31
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Wosczyna MN, Perez Carbajal EE, Wagner MW, Paredes S, Konishi CT, Liu L, Wang TT, Walsh RA, Gan Q, Morrissey CS, Rando TA. Targeting microRNA-mediated gene repression limits adipogenic conversion of skeletal muscle mesenchymal stromal cells. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:1323-1334.e8. [PMID: 33945794 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Intramuscular fatty deposits, which are seen in muscular dystrophies and with aging, negatively affect muscle function. The cells of origin of adipocytes constituting these fatty deposits are mesenchymal stromal cells, fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs). We uncover a molecular fate switch, involving miR-206 and the transcription factor Runx1, that controls FAP differentiation to adipocytes. Mice deficient in miR-206 exhibit increased adipogenesis following muscle injury. Adipogenic differentiation of FAPs is abrogated by miR-206 mimics. Using a labeled microRNA (miRNA) pull-down and sequencing (LAMP-seq), we identified Runx1 as a miR-206 target, with miR-206 repressing Runx1 translation. In the absence of miR-206 in FAPs, Runx1 occupancy near transcriptional start sites of adipogenic genes and expression of these genes increase. We demonstrate that miR-206 mimicry in vivo limits intramuscular fatty infiltration. Our results provide insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms of FAP fate determination and formation of harmful fatty deposits in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Wosczyna
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Musculoskeletal Research Center, Bioengineering Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Edgar E Perez Carbajal
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mark W Wagner
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Silvana Paredes
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Colin T Konishi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Theodore T Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rachel A Walsh
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Qiang Gan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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32
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Kim S, Han Y, Kim SI, Lee J, Jo H, Wang W, Cho U, Park WY, Rando TA, Dhanasekaran DN, Song YS. Computational modeling of malignant ascites reveals CCL5-SDC4 interaction in the immune microenvironment of ovarian cancer. Mol Carcinog 2021; 60:297-312. [PMID: 33721368 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity is commonly found in advanced-stage ovarian cancer patients, which creates a specialized tumor microenvironment for cancer progression. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of ascites cells from five patients with ovarian cancer, we identified seven cell types, including heterogeneous macrophages and ovarian cancer cells. We resolved a distinct polarization state of macrophages by MacSpectrum analysis and observed subtype-specific enrichment of pathways associated with their functions. The communication between immune and cancer cells was predicted through a putative ligand-receptor pair analysis using NicheNet. We found that CCL5, a chemotactic ligand, is enriched in immune cells (T cells and NK cells) and mediates ovarian cancer cell survival in the ascites, possibly through SDC4. Moreover, SDC4 expression correlated with poor overall survival in ovarian cancer patients. Our study highlights the potential role of T cells and NK cells in long-term survival patients with ovarian cancer, indicating SDC4 as a potential prognostic marker in ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Youngjin Han
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Ik Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juwon Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HyunA Jo
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Untack Cho
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.,Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Danny N Dhanasekaran
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Yong Sang Song
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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33
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Abstract
Muscular dystrophies are a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases, characterized by progressive degeneration of skeletal and cardiac muscle. Despite the intense investigation of different therapeutic options, a definitive treatment has not been developed for this debilitating class of pathologies. Cell-based therapies in muscular dystrophies have been pursued experimentally for the last three decades. Several cell types with different characteristics and tissues of origin, including myogenic stem and progenitor cells, stromal cells, and pluripotent stem cells, have been investigated over the years and have recently entered in the clinical arena with mixed results. In this Review, we do a roundup of the past attempts and describe the updated status of cell-based therapies aimed at counteracting the skeletal and cardiac myopathy present in dystrophic patients. We present current challenges, summarize recent progress, and make recommendations for future research and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Biressi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO) and.,Dulbecco Telethon Institute, University of Trento, Povo, Italy
| | - Antonio Filareto
- Department of Research Beyond Borders, Regenerative Medicine, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Conneticut, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences and.,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
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34
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Mkrtchyan GV, Abdelmohsen K, Andreux P, Bagdonaite I, Barzilai N, Brunak S, Cabreiro F, de Cabo R, Campisi J, Cuervo AM, Demaria M, Ewald CY, Fang EF, Faragher R, Ferrucci L, Freund A, Silva-García CG, Georgievskaya A, Gladyshev VN, Glass DJ, Gorbunova V, de Grey A, He WW, Hoeijmakers J, Hoffmann E, Horvath S, Houtkooper RH, Jensen MK, Jensen MB, Kane A, Kassem M, de Keizer P, Kennedy B, Karsenty G, Lamming DW, Lee KF, MacAulay N, Mamoshina P, Mellon J, Molenaars M, Moskalev A, Mund A, Niedernhofer L, Osborne B, Pak HH, Parkhitko A, Raimundo N, Rando TA, Rasmussen LJ, Reis C, Riedel CG, Franco-Romero A, Schumacher B, Sinclair DA, Suh Y, Taub PR, Toiber D, Treebak JT, Valenzano DR, Verdin E, Vijg J, Young S, Zhang L, Bakula D, Zhavoronkov A, Scheibye-Knudsen M. ARDD 2020: from aging mechanisms to interventions. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:24484-24503. [PMID: 33378272 PMCID: PMC7803558 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is emerging as a druggable target with growing interest from academia, industry and investors. New technologies such as artificial intelligence and advanced screening techniques, as well as a strong influence from the industry sector may lead to novel discoveries to treat age-related diseases. The present review summarizes presentations from the 7th Annual Aging Research and Drug Discovery (ARDD) meeting, held online on the 1st to 4th of September 2020. The meeting covered topics related to new methodologies to study aging, knowledge about basic mechanisms of longevity, latest interventional strategies to target the aging process as well as discussions about the impact of aging research on society and economy. More than 2000 participants and 65 speakers joined the meeting and we already look forward to an even larger meeting next year. Please mark your calendars for the 8th ARDD meeting that is scheduled for the 31st of August to 3rd of September, 2021, at Columbia University, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garik V. Mkrtchyan
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kotb Abdelmohsen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Pénélope Andreux
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment C, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ieva Bagdonaite
- Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Research, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Filipe Cabreiro
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Collin Y. Ewald
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute for Technology Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Evandro Fei Fang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Richard Faragher
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Adam Freund
- Calico Life Sciences, LLC, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Carlos G. Silva-García
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Vadim N. Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David J. Glass
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Vera Gorbunova
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | | | - Wei-Wu He
- Human Longevity Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Jan Hoeijmakers
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Hoffmann
- DNRF Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steve Horvath
- Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Riekelt H. Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Majken K. Jensen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Alice Kane
- Blavatnik Institute, Department of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 94107, USA
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Molecular Endocrinology Unit, Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Odense and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter de Keizer
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Division of Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Brian Kennedy
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- Departments of Biochemistry and Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, National University Healthy System, Singapore
| | - Gerard Karsenty
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Dudley W. Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison and William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Kai-Fu Lee
- Sinovation Ventures and Sinovation AI Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Nanna MacAulay
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Polina Mamoshina
- Deep Longevity Inc., Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong
| | - Jim Mellon
- Juvenescence Limited, Douglas, Isle of Man, UK
| | - Marte Molenaars
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Institute of Biology of FRC Komi Science Center of Ural Division of RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Andreas Mund
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laura Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Brenna Osborne
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heidi H. Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison and William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | | | - Nuno Raimundo
- Institute of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences and Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lene Juel Rasmussen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Christian G. Riedel
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Björn Schumacher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Ageing and Disease, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David A. Sinclair
- Blavatnik Institute, Department of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 94107, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yousin Suh
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Pam R. Taub
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Debra Toiber
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Jonas T. Treebak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Eric Verdin
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Jan Vijg
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Lei Zhang
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Daniela Bakula
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong
| | - Morten Scheibye-Knudsen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Alcazar CA, Hu C, Rando TA, Huang NF, Nakayama KH. Transplantation of insulin-like growth factor-1 laden scaffolds combined with exercise promotes neuroregeneration and angiogenesis in a preclinical muscle injury model. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:5376-5389. [PMID: 32996916 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00990c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The regeneration of skeletal muscle can be permanently impaired by traumatic injuries, despite the high regenerative capacity of native muscle. An attractive therapeutic approach for treating severe muscle inuries is the implantation of off-the-shelf engineered biomimetic scaffolds into the site of tissue damage to enhance muscle regeneration. Anisotropic nanofibrillar scaffolds provide spatial patterning cues to create organized myofibers, and growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are potent inducers of both muscle regeneration as well as angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to test the therapeutic efficacy of anisotropic IGF-1-releasing collagen scaffolds combined with voluntary exercise for the treatment of acute volumetric muscle loss, with a focus on histomorphological effects. To enhance the angiogenic and regenerative potential of injured murine skeletal muscle, IGF-1-laden nanofibrillar scaffolds with aligned topography were fabricated using a shear-mediated extrusion approach, followed by growth factor adsorption. Individual scaffolds released a cumulative total of 1244 ng ± 153 ng of IGF-1 over the course of 21 days in vitro. To test the bioactivity of IGF-1-releasing scaffolds, the myotube formation capacity of murine myoblasts was quantified. On IGF-1-releasing scaffolds seeded with myoblasts, the resulting myotubes formed were 1.5-fold longer in length and contained 2-fold greater nuclei per myotube, when compared to scaffolds without IGF-1. When implanted into the ablated murine tibialis anterior muscle, the IGF-1-laden scaffolds, in conjunction with voluntary wheel running, significantly increased the density of perfused microvessels by greater than 3-fold, in comparison to treatment with scaffolds without IGF-1. Enhanced myogenesis was also observed in animals treated with the IGF-1-laden scaffolds combined with exercise, compared to control scaffolds transplanted into mice that did not receive exercise. Furthermore, the abundance of mature neuromuscular junctions was greater by approximately 2-fold in muscles treated with IGF-1-laden scaffolds, when paired with exercise, in comparison to the same treatment without exercise. These findings demonstrate that voluntary exercise improves the regenerative effect of growth factor-laden scaffolds by augmenting neurovascular regeneration, and have important translational implications in the design of off-the-shelf therapeutics for the treatment of traumatic muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia A Alcazar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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36
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Wosczyna MN, Konishi CT, Perez Carbajal EE, Wang TT, Walsh RA, Gan Q, Wagner MW, Rando TA. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Are Required for Regeneration and Homeostatic Maintenance of Skeletal Muscle. Cell Rep 2020; 27:2029-2035.e5. [PMID: 31091443 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The necessity of mesenchymal stromal cells, called fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs), in skeletal muscle regeneration and maintenance remains unestablished. We report the generation of a PDGFRαCreER knockin mouse model that provides a specific means of labeling and targeting FAPs. Depletion of FAPs using Cre-dependent diphtheria toxin expression results in loss of expansion of muscle stem cells (MuSCs) and CD45+ hematopoietic cells after injury and impaired skeletal muscle regeneration. Furthermore, FAP-depleted mice under homeostatic conditions exhibit muscle atrophy and loss of MuSCs, revealing that FAPs are required for the maintenance of both skeletal muscle and the MuSC pool. We also report that local tamoxifen metabolite delivery to target CreER activity in a single muscle, removing potentially confounding systemic effects of ablating PDGFRα+ cells distantly, also causes muscle atrophy. These data establish a critical role of FAPs in skeletal muscle regeneration and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Wosczyna
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Colin T Konishi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Edgar E Perez Carbajal
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Theodore T Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rachel A Walsh
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Qiang Gan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mark W Wagner
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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37
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de Morree A, Klein JDD, Gan Q, Farup J, Urtasun A, Kanugovi A, Bilen B, van Velthoven CTJ, Quarta M, Rando TA. Alternative polyadenylation of Pax3 controls muscle stem cell fate and muscle function. Science 2020; 366:734-738. [PMID: 31699935 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax1694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adult stem cells are essential for tissue homeostasis. In skeletal muscle, muscle stem cells (MuSCs) reside in a quiescent state, but little is known about the mechanisms that control homeostatic turnover. Here we show that, in mice, the variation in MuSC activation rate among different muscles (for example, limb versus diaphragm muscles) is determined by the levels of the transcription factor Pax3. We further show that Pax3 levels are controlled by alternative polyadenylation of its transcript, which is regulated by the small nucleolar RNA U1. Isoforms of the Pax3 messenger RNA that differ in their 3' untranslated regions are differentially susceptible to regulation by microRNA miR206, which results in varying levels of the Pax3 protein in vivo. These findings highlight a previously unrecognized mechanism of the homeostatic regulation of stem cell fate by multiple RNA species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine de Morree
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Julian D D Klein
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Qiang Gan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jean Farup
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Departments of Clinical Medicine and Biomedicine, Research Laboratory for Biochemical Pathology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Andoni Urtasun
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Abhijnya Kanugovi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Biter Bilen
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Cindy T J van Velthoven
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marco Quarta
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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38
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Brett JO, Arjona M, Ikeda M, Quarta M, de Morrée A, Egner IM, Perandini LA, Ishak HD, Goshayeshi A, Benjamin DI, Both P, Rodríguez-Mateo C, Betley MJ, Wyss-Coray T, Rando TA. Exercise rejuvenates quiescent skeletal muscle stem cells in old mice through restoration of Cyclin D1. Nat Metab 2020; 2:307-317. [PMID: 32601609 PMCID: PMC7323974 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-0190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aging impairs tissue repair. This is pronounced in skeletal muscle, whose regeneration by muscle stem cells (MuSCs) is robust in young adult animals but inefficient in older organisms. Despite this functional decline, old MuSCs are amenable to rejuvenation through strategies that improve the systemic milieu, such as heterochronic parabiosis. One such strategy, exercise, has long been appreciated for its benefits on healthspan, but its effects on aged stem cell function in the context of tissue regeneration are incompletely understood. Here we show that exercise in the form of voluntary wheel running accelerates muscle repair in old animals and improves old MuSC function. Through transcriptional profiling and genetic studies, we discovered that the restoration of old MuSC activation ability hinges on restoration of Cyclin D1, whose expression declines with age in MuSCs. Pharmacologic studies revealed that Cyclin D1 maintains MuSC activation capacity by repressing TGFβ signaling. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that voluntary exercise is a practicable intervention for old MuSC rejuvenation. Furthermore, this work highlights the distinct role of Cyclin D1 in stem cell quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie O Brett
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marina Arjona
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mika Ikeda
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marco Quarta
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Antoine de Morrée
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ingrid M Egner
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Luiz A Perandini
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heather D Ishak
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Armon Goshayeshi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel I Benjamin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pieter Both
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Mateo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Betley
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Neurosciences Interdepartmental Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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39
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Sarkar TJ, Quarta M, Mukherjee S, Colville A, Paine P, Doan L, Tran CM, Chu CR, Horvath S, Qi LS, Bhutani N, Rando TA, Sebastiano V. Transient non-integrative expression of nuclear reprogramming factors promotes multifaceted amelioration of aging in human cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1545. [PMID: 32210226 PMCID: PMC7093390 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15174-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a gradual loss of function occurring at the molecular, cellular, tissue and organismal levels. At the chromatin level, aging associates with progressive accumulation of epigenetic errors that eventually lead to aberrant gene regulation, stem cell exhaustion, senescence, and deregulated cell/tissue homeostasis. Nuclear reprogramming to pluripotency can revert both the age and the identity of any cell to that of an embryonic cell. Recent evidence shows that transient reprogramming can ameliorate age-associated hallmarks and extend lifespan in progeroid mice. However, it is unknown how this form of rejuvenation would apply to naturally aged human cells. Here we show that transient expression of nuclear reprogramming factors, mediated by expression of mRNAs, promotes a rapid and broad amelioration of cellular aging, including resetting of epigenetic clock, reduction of the inflammatory profile in chondrocytes, and restoration of youthful regenerative response to aged, human muscle stem cells, in each case without abolishing cellular identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapash Jay Sarkar
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Applied Physics, Stanford University School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Marco Quarta
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.ePaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eCenter for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA ,0000 0004 0635 6745grid.486808.aMolecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA
| | - Shravani Mukherjee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Sanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Alex Colville
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.ePaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eCenter for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Patrick Paine
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.ePaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eCenter for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA ,0000 0004 0635 6745grid.486808.aMolecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA
| | - Linda Doan
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.ePaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eCenter for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA ,0000 0004 0635 6745grid.486808.aMolecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA
| | - Christopher M. Tran
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.ePaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eCenter for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Constance R. Chu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Sanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eVA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- 0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eDepartment of Human Genetics David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA ,0000 0000 9632 6718grid.19006.3eDepartment of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Lei S. Qi
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Nidhi Bhutani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Sanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.ePaul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000 0004 0419 2556grid.280747.eCenter for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Vittorio Sebastiano
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
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40
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Willett NJ, Boninger ML, Miller LJ, Alvarez L, Aoyama T, Bedoni M, Brix KA, Chisari C, Christ G, Dearth CL, Dyson-Hudson TA, Evans CH, Goldman SM, Gregory K, Gualerzi A, Hart J, Ito A, Kuroki H, Loghmani MT, Mack DL, Malanga GA, Noble-Haeusslein L, Pasquina P, Roche JA, Rose L, Stoddart MJ, Tajino J, Terzic C, Topp KS, Wagner WR, Warden SJ, Wolf SL, Xie H, Rando TA, Ambrosio F. Taking the Next Steps in Regenerative Rehabilitation: Establishment of a New Interdisciplinary Field. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2020; 101:917-923. [PMID: 32035141 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The growing field of regenerative rehabilitation has great potential to improve clinical outcomes for individuals with disabilities. However, the science to elucidate the specific biological underpinnings of regenerative rehabilitation-based approaches is still in its infancy and critical questions regarding clinical translation and implementation still exist. In a recent roundtable discussion from International Consortium for Regenerative Rehabilitation stakeholders, key challenges to progress in the field were identified. The goal of this article is to summarize those discussions and to initiate a broader discussion among clinicians and scientists across the fields of regenerative medicine and rehabilitation science to ultimately progress regenerative rehabilitation from an emerging field to an established interdisciplinary one. Strategies and case studies from consortium institutions-including interdisciplinary research centers, formalized courses, degree programs, international symposia, and collaborative grants-are presented. We propose that these strategic directions have the potential to engage and train clinical practitioners and basic scientists, transform clinical practice, and, ultimately, optimize patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick J Willett
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; The Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA.
| | - Michael L Boninger
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; VA Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Laura J Miller
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Luis Alvarez
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD
| | - Tomoki Aoyama
- Human Health Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Kelley Ann Brix
- Department of Defense Health Agency, Research and Development Directorate, Falls Church, VA
| | | | - George Christ
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Christopher L Dearth
- DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Defense Health Headquarters, Falls Church, VA; Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences - Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Christopher H Evans
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Stephen M Goldman
- DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Defense Health Headquarters, Falls Church, VA; Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences - Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kenton Gregory
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR
| | | | - Joseph Hart
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Akira Ito
- Human Health Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - M Terry Loghmani
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - David L Mack
- Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Gerard A Malanga
- Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Linda Noble-Haeusslein
- Departments of Neurology and Psychology and the Institute of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Paul Pasquina
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD
| | - Joseph A Roche
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Health Care Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Lloyd Rose
- Warfighter Expeditionary Medicine and Treatment, U. S. Army Medical Materiel Development Activity, U. S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, MD
| | | | | | - Carmen Terzic
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Kimberly S Topp
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - William R Wagner
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Stuart J Warden
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN; La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven L Wolf
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; The Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA
| | - Hua Xie
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Fabrisia Ambrosio
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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41
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Tawfik VL, Quarta M, Paine P, Forman TE, Pajarinen J, Takemura Y, Goodman SB, Rando TA, Clark JD. Angiotensin receptor blockade mimics the effect of exercise on recovery after orthopaedic trauma by decreasing pain and improving muscle regeneration. J Physiol 2019; 598:317-329. [PMID: 31784993 DOI: 10.1113/jp278991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Our tibial fracture orthopaedic injury model in mice recapitulates the major manifestations of complex trauma, including nociceptive sensitization, bone fracture, muscle fibrosis and muscle fibre loss. Delayed exercise after complex orthopaedic trauma results in decreased muscle fibrosis and improved pain Losartan, an angiotensin-receptor blocker with anti-fibrotic abilities, recapitulates the effect of exercise on post-injury recovery and may provide an enhanced recovery option for those who are unable to exercise after injury ABSTRACT: Chronic pain and disability after limb injury are major public health problems. Early mobilization after injury improves functional outcomes for patients, although when and how to implement rehabilitation strategies remains a clinical challenge. Additionally, whether the beneficial effects of exercise can be reproduced using pharmacological tools remains unknown and may benefit patients who are unable to exercise as a result of immobilization. We developed a murine model of orthopaedic trauma combining tibia fracture and pin fixation with muscle damage. Behavioural measures included mechanical nociceptive thresholds and distances run on exercise wheels. Bone healing was quantified using microcomputed tomagraphic scanning, and muscle fibre size distribution and fibrosis were followed using immunohistochemistry. We found that the model provided robust mechanical allodynia, fibrosis and a shift to smaller average muscle fibre size lasting up to 5 weeks from injury. We also observed that allowing 'late' (weeks 1-2) rather than 'early' (weeks 0-1) exercise after injury resulted in greater overall running activity and greater reversal of allodynia. In parallel, the late running paradigm was associated with reduced muscle fibrosis, earlier increase in muscle fibre diameter and a short-term benefit in reducing callus volume. Providing the anti-fibrotic angiotensin receptor blocker losartan to mice in drinking water reduced both allodynia and muscle fibrosis. Combining losartan and late exercise provided no additional benefit. We conclude that early healing after orthopaedic trauma must be allowed prior to the initiation of exercise to achieve optimal pain, functional and physiological outcomes and that losartan is a viable candidate for translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivianne L Tawfik
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marco Quarta
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patrick Paine
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas E Forman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jukka Pajarinen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yoshinori Takemura
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - J David Clark
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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42
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Furman D, Campisi J, Verdin E, Carrera-Bastos P, Targ S, Franceschi C, Ferrucci L, Gilroy DW, Fasano A, Miller GW, Miller AH, Mantovani A, Weyand CM, Barzilai N, Goronzy JJ, Rando TA, Effros RB, Lucia A, Kleinstreuer N, Slavich GM. Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span. Nat Med 2019; 25:1822-1832. [PMID: 31806905 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1896] [Impact Index Per Article: 379.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although intermittent increases in inflammation are critical for survival during physical injury and infection, recent research has revealed that certain social, environmental and lifestyle factors can promote systemic chronic inflammation (SCI) that can, in turn, lead to several diseases that collectively represent the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders. In the present Perspective we describe the multi-level mechanisms underlying SCI and several risk factors that promote this health-damaging phenotype, including infections, physical inactivity, poor diet, environmental and industrial toxicants and psychological stress. Furthermore, we suggest potential strategies for advancing the early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Furman
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA. .,Stanford 1000 Immunomes Project, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Institute for Research in Translational Medicine, Universidad Austral, CONICET, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Iuve Inc., San Mateo, CA, USA.
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Eric Verdin
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Pedro Carrera-Bastos
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sasha Targ
- Iuve Inc., San Mateo, CA, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Applied Mathematics and Laboratory of Systems Biology of Aging, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Derek W Gilroy
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alessio Fasano
- MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gary W Miller
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew H Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.,William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Cornelia M Weyand
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jorg J Goronzy
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rita B Effros
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicole Kleinstreuer
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.,NTP Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - George M Slavich
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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43
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Cable J, Fuchs E, Weissman I, Jasper H, Glass D, Rando TA, Blau H, Debnath S, Oliva A, Park S, Passegué E, Kim C, Krasnow MA. Adult stem cells and regenerative medicine-a symposium report. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1462:27-36. [PMID: 31655007 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adult stem cells are rare, undifferentiated cells found in all tissues of the body. Although normally kept in a quiescent, nondividing state, these cells can proliferate and differentiate to replace naturally dying cells within their tissue and to repair its wounds in response to injury. Due to their proliferative nature and ability to regenerate tissue, adult stem cells have the potential to treat a variety of degenerative diseases as well as aging. In addition, since stem cells are often thought to be the source of malignant tumors, understanding the mechanisms that keep their proliferative abilities in check can pave the way for new cancer therapies. While adult stem cells have had limited practical and clinical applications to date, several clinical trials of stem cell-based therapies are underway. This report details recent research presented at the New York Academy of Sciences on March 14, 2019 on understanding the factors that regulate stem cell activity and differentiation, with the hope of translating these findings into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elaine Fuchs
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Irving Weissman
- Pathology Stem Cell Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | | | - Thomas A Rando
- Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Helen Blau
- Microbiology and Immunology - Baxter Labs, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Shawon Debnath
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | - Sangbum Park
- Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Emmanuelle Passegué
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Carla Kim
- Dana Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Stem Cell Program, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Genetics Department, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Mark A Krasnow
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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44
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Tang H, Inoki K, Brooks SV, Okazawa H, Lee M, Wang J, Kim M, Kennedy CL, Macpherson PCD, Ji X, Van Roekel S, Fraga DA, Wang K, Zhu J, Wang Y, Sharp ZD, Miller RA, Rando TA, Goldman D, Guan K, Shrager JB. mTORC1 underlies age-related muscle fiber damage and loss by inducing oxidative stress and catabolism. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12943. [PMID: 30924297 PMCID: PMC6516169 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging leads to skeletal muscle atrophy (i.e., sarcopenia), and muscle fiber loss is a critical component of this process. The mechanisms underlying these age-related changes, however, remain unclear. We show here that mTORC1 signaling is activated in a subset of skeletal muscle fibers in aging mouse and human, colocalized with fiber damage. Activation of mTORC1 in TSC1 knockout mouse muscle fibers increases the content of morphologically abnormal mitochondria and causes progressive oxidative stress, fiber damage, and fiber loss over the lifespan. Transcriptomic profiling reveals that mTORC1's activation increases the expression of growth differentiation factors (GDF3, 5, and 15), and of genes involved in mitochondrial oxidative stress and catabolism. We show that increased GDF15 is sufficient to induce oxidative stress and catabolic changes, and that mTORC1 increases the expression of GDF15 via phosphorylation of STAT3. Inhibition of mTORC1 in aging mouse decreases the expression of GDFs and STAT3's phosphorylation in skeletal muscle, reducing oxidative stress and muscle fiber damage and loss. Thus, chronically increased mTORC1 activity contributes to age-related muscle atrophy, and GDF signaling is a proposed mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Tang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCalifornia,VA Palo Alto Healthcare SystemPalo AltoCalifornia
| | - Ken Inoki
- Life Science InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan,Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Susan V. Brooks
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Hideki Okazawa
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCalifornia
| | - Myung Lee
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCalifornia,VA Palo Alto Healthcare SystemPalo AltoCalifornia
| | - Junying Wang
- Life Science InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Michael Kim
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCalifornia,VA Palo Alto Healthcare SystemPalo AltoCalifornia
| | - Catherine L. Kennedy
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCalifornia,VA Palo Alto Healthcare SystemPalo AltoCalifornia
| | - Peter C. D. Macpherson
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biological ChemistryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Xuhuai Ji
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCalifornia
| | - Sabrina Van Roekel
- Department of Pathology and Geriatrics CenterUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Danielle A. Fraga
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCalifornia,VA Palo Alto Healthcare SystemPalo AltoCalifornia
| | - Kun Wang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCalifornia,VA Palo Alto Healthcare SystemPalo AltoCalifornia,Present address:
The Department of Thoracic SurgeryThird Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Jinguo Zhu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCalifornia,VA Palo Alto Healthcare SystemPalo AltoCalifornia,Present address:
Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryGuangxi International Zhuang Hospital of GuangXi University of Chinese MedicineNanNingChina
| | - Yoyo Wang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCalifornia,VA Palo Alto Healthcare SystemPalo AltoCalifornia
| | - Zelton D. Sharp
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexas
| | - Richard A. Miller
- Department of Pathology and Geriatrics CenterUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare SystemPalo AltoCalifornia,Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCalifornia
| | - Daniel Goldman
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biological ChemistryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Kun‐Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCalifornia
| | - Joseph B. Shrager
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCalifornia,VA Palo Alto Healthcare SystemPalo AltoCalifornia
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45
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Nakayama KH, Quarta M, Paine P, Alcazar C, Karakikes I, Garcia V, Abilez OJ, Calvo NS, Simmons CS, Rando TA, Huang NF. Treatment of volumetric muscle loss in mice using nanofibrillar scaffolds enhances vascular organization and integration. Commun Biol 2019; 2:170. [PMID: 31098403 PMCID: PMC6505043 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0416-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic skeletal muscle injuries cause irreversible tissue damage and impaired revascularization. Engineered muscle is promising for enhancing tissue revascularization and regeneration in injured muscle. Here we fabricated engineered skeletal muscle composed of myotubes interspersed with vascular endothelial cells using spatially patterned scaffolds that induce aligned cellular organization, and then assessed their therapeutic benefit for treatment of murine volumetric muscle loss. Murine skeletal myoblasts co-cultured with endothelial cells in aligned nanofibrillar scaffolds form endothelialized and aligned muscle with longer myotubes, more synchronized contractility, and more abundant secretion of angiogenic cytokines, compared to endothelialized engineered muscle formed from randomly-oriented scaffolds. Treatment of traumatically injured muscle with endothelialized and aligned skeletal muscle promotes the formation of highly organized myofibers and microvasculature, along with greater vascular perfusion, compared to treatment of muscle derived from randomly-oriented scaffolds. This work demonstrates the potential of endothelialized and aligned engineered skeletal muscle to promote vascular regeneration following transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina H. Nakayama
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
- The Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Marco Quarta
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304 USA
| | - Patrick Paine
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304 USA
| | - Cynthia Alcazar
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Ioannis Karakikes
- The Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Victor Garcia
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Oscar J. Abilez
- The Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Nicholas S. Calvo
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL 32611 USA
| | - Chelsey S. Simmons
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL 32611 USA
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304 USA
| | - Ngan F. Huang
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
- The Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
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46
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Hurria A, Carpenter CR, McFarland F, Lundebjerg NE, de Cabo R, Ferrucci L, Studenski SA, Barzilai N, Briggs JP, Ix JH, Kitzman DW, Kuchel GA, Musi N, Newman JC, Rando TA, Smith AK, Walston JD, Kirkland JL, Yung R. Models and Studies of Aging: Executive Summary of a Report from the U13 Conference Series. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 67:428-433. [PMID: 30693953 PMCID: PMC6403012 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The American Geriatrics Society convened a conference in Bethesda, Maryland, to explore models and studies of aging. This was the second of three conferences, supported by a U13 grant from the National Institute on Aging, to aid recipients of Grants for Early Medical/Surgical Specialists Transition to Aging Research (GEMSSTAR) in integrating geriatrics into their specialties. Recognizing that aging is the largest risk factor for multiple chronic diseases and age-related loss of resilience, the conference organizers focused scientific sessions on how targeting age-related mechanisms can delay, prevent, or reverse geriatric syndromes, age-related chronic diseases, and loss of resilience. The rationale for studying models of aging as well as study designs, strategies, and challenges of studying human aging were reviewed. This article provides a summary of the full conference report, Models and Studies of Aging: Report from the U13 Conference Series, and summarizes key take-home messages that were designed to support GEMSSTAR awardees in developing their research careers focused on aging research (see supplementary text for the full report). J Am Geriatr Soc 67:428-433, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Hurria
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nir Barzilai
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Josephine P Briggs
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joachim H Ix
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Dalane W Kitzman
- Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - George A Kuchel
- UConn Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Nicolas Musi
- San Antonio Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, San Antonio, Texas
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, San Antonio, Texas
| | - John C Newman
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Alexander K Smith
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | | | - James L Kirkland
- Mayo Clinic Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, Minnesota
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47
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Abstract
Stem cells can reside in a state of reversible growth arrest, or quiescence, for prolonged periods of time. Although quiescence has long been viewed as a dormant, low-activity state, increasing evidence suggests that quiescence represents states of poised potential and active restraint, as stem cells "idle" in anticipation of activation, proliferation, and differentiation. Improved understanding of quiescent stem cell dynamics is leading to novel approaches to enhance maintenance and repair of aged or diseased tissues. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of stem cell quiescence and techniques enabling more refined analyses of quiescence in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy T J van Velthoven
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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48
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Sahu A, Mamiya H, Shinde SN, Cheikhi A, Winter LL, Vo NV, Stolz D, Roginskaya V, Tang WY, St Croix C, Sanders LH, Franti M, Van Houten B, Rando TA, Barchowsky A, Ambrosio F. Age-related declines in α-Klotho drive progenitor cell mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired muscle regeneration. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4859. [PMID: 30451844 PMCID: PMC6242898 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
While young muscle is capable of restoring the original architecture of damaged myofibers, aged muscle displays a markedly reduced regeneration. We show that expression of the “anti-aging” protein, α-Klotho, is up-regulated within young injured muscle as a result of transient Klotho promoter demethylation. However, epigenetic control of the Klotho promoter is lost with aging. Genetic inhibition of α-Klotho in vivo disrupted muscle progenitor cell (MPC) lineage progression and impaired myofiber regeneration, revealing a critical role for α-Klotho in the regenerative cascade. Genetic silencing of Klotho in young MPCs drove mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and decreased cellular bioenergetics. Conversely, supplementation with α-Klotho restored mtDNA integrity and bioenergetics of aged MPCs to youthful levels in vitro and enhanced functional regeneration of aged muscle in vivo in a temporally-dependent manner. These studies identify a role for α-Klotho in the regulation of MPC mitochondrial function and implicate α-Klotho declines as a driver of impaired muscle regeneration with age. While young muscle faithfully regenerates damaged myofibers, aged muscle is impaired. Here the authors show the “anti-aging” protein α-Klotho is upregulated in young muscle after damage via promoter demethylation and this regulation is lost in aging, resulting in mitochondrial damage and an impaired healing response.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sahu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15261, PA, USA
| | - H Mamiya
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15260, PA, USA
| | - S N Shinde
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA
| | - A Cheikhi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA
| | - L L Winter
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15260, PA, USA
| | - N V Vo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15261, PA, USA
| | - D Stolz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15261, PA, USA
| | - V Roginskaya
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - W Y Tang
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, 21218-2608, MD, USA
| | - C St Croix
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15261, PA, USA
| | - L H Sanders
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, 27704, NC, USA
| | - M Franti
- Research Beyond Borders: Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, 06877, CT, USA
| | - B Van Houten
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - T A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,The Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Center for Tissue Regeneration, Restoration and Repair, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, 94036, USA
| | - A Barchowsky
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15261, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - F Ambrosio
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA. .,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15261, PA, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15260, PA, USA. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA. .,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15219, PA, USA.
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Ambrosio F, Rando TA. The regenerative rehabilitation collection: a forum for an emerging field. NPJ Regen Med 2018; 3:20. [PMID: 30374410 PMCID: PMC6195606 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-018-0058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrisia Ambrosio
- 1Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.,2McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA.,3Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- 4Rehabilitation R&D REAP, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.,5Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,6Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
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Quarta M, Cromie Lear MJ, Blonigan J, Paine P, Chacon R, Rando TA. Biomechanics show stem cell necessity for effective treatment of volumetric muscle loss using bioengineered constructs. NPJ Regen Med 2018; 3:18. [PMID: 30323949 PMCID: PMC6180087 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-018-0057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the regenerative capacity of muscle, tissue volume is not restored after volumetric muscle loss (VML), perhaps due to a loss-of-structural extracellular matrix. We recently demonstrated the structural and functional restoration of muscle tissue in a mouse model of VML using an engineered “bioconstruct,” comprising an extracellular matrix scaffold (decellularized muscle), muscle stem cells (MuSCs), and muscle-resident cells (MRCs). To test the ability of the cell-based bioconstruct to restore whole-muscle biomechanics, we measured biomechanical parameters in uninjured muscles, muscles injured to produce VML lesions, and in muscles that were injured and then treated by implanting either the scaffolds alone or with bioconstructs containing the scaffolds, MuSCs, and MRCs. We measured the active and passive forces over a range of lengths, viscoelastic force relaxation, optimal length, and twitch dynamics. Injured muscles showed a narrowed length-tension curve or lower force over a narrower range of muscle lengths, and increased passive force. When treated with bioconstructs, but not with scaffolds alone, injured muscles showed active and passive length-tension relationships that were not different from uninjured muscles. Moreover, injured muscles treated with bioconstructs exhibited reduced fibrosis compared to injured muscles either untreated or treated with scaffolds alone. The cell-based bioconstruct is a promising treatment approach for future translational efforts to restore whole-muscle biomechanics in muscles with VML lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Quarta
- 1Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,2Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,Center for Tissue Regeneration, Restoration and Repair, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Palo Alto, CA 94036 USA.,4Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA
| | - Melinda J Cromie Lear
- 1Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,2Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,Center for Tissue Regeneration, Restoration and Repair, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Palo Alto, CA 94036 USA
| | - Justin Blonigan
- 1Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,2Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,Center for Tissue Regeneration, Restoration and Repair, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Palo Alto, CA 94036 USA
| | - Patrick Paine
- 1Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,2Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,Center for Tissue Regeneration, Restoration and Repair, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Palo Alto, CA 94036 USA
| | - Robert Chacon
- 1Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,2Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,Center for Tissue Regeneration, Restoration and Repair, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Palo Alto, CA 94036 USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- 1Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,2Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,Center for Tissue Regeneration, Restoration and Repair, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Palo Alto, CA 94036 USA
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